經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 ^3 416 6- ί , 、- ________ΙΓ_____ 五、發明説明（1 ) 一種輔助動力馬達之結構改良，尤指一種輔助電動車 車輪行進之無刷動力馬達結構改良設計，主要係令轉子環 起動更加順暢而無頓齒轉矩，以之形成一電動車車輪辅助 動力馬達者。 習知的自行車因不具有輔助動力之功能，常使人們祇 能使用它於短程代步或休閒工具；但當今人們逐漸有感於 石油能源將耗盡以及空氣環保意識抬頭之趨勢下，電動車 乃為近年來新興的代步工具之一，且被視為未來理想的交 通休閒工具，如新型第83209648號申請案之輔助動力馬達 及美國發明專利第558彳1 36號等即為一適例》是故，以電 動馬達來辅助自行車行進而發展出電動自行車，除了具有 輕巧方便之功能外，其動力上的改進效果，誠甚屬顯見。 然而習見電動車之無刷馬達部分，仍有些未臻理想之處， 其主要的缺點，乃在於一般皆將馬達内之定子（即矽鋼片） T形齿牙數為轉子（即磁環）磁鐵數之公倍數或相等數目 。所以，當其轉子之磁極舆定子線圈之磁極的磁場中心剛 好相對應在一起時，則會形成一死角狀態，使其轉子起動 迴轉困難或會產生震動；就如兩相馬達，該兩相馬達之定 子齒牙數若為四齒，則轉子一定是N與S兩極，當轉子每 迴轉9〇。時即為一個死角，使轉子之迴轉困難。而同理使 用三相馬達輔助動力之電動車車輪，其定子之齒牙數若為 轉子磁鐵之公倍數者’該定子經三相星形繞組所構成之線 圈極數將形成轉子磁極之公倍數，經實驗值與磁路分析， 其磁場不平均’同樣會產生頓齿轉矩（Cogging Torque)之 3 本紙伕尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格(210X297公楚） ~ I I I 裝 ·訂 ^ ^^~ ^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再4?.·>、本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消资合作枉印製 4 3^166^*!. \Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ^ 3 416 6- ί,,-________ ΙΓ _____ V. Description of the invention (1) Structural improvement of an auxiliary power motor, especially a structural improvement of a brushless power motor that assists electric vehicle wheels The design is mainly to make the rotor ring start more smoothly without tooth torque, so as to form an electric vehicle wheel auxiliary power motor. Because the conventional bicycle does not have the auxiliary power function, people often use it only for short-distance travel or leisure tools. However, people are gradually feeling the tendency of the depletion of petroleum energy and the rising awareness of air environmental protection. It is one of the emerging travel tools in recent years and is regarded as an ideal transportation and leisure tool in the future. For example, the auxiliary power motor of the new application No. 83209648 and the US invention patent No. 558 彳 136 are an appropriate example. Therefore, the use of electric motors to assist bicycles and the development of electric bicycles, in addition to having lightweight and convenient functions, has shown significant improvements in power. However, the brushless motor part of electric vehicles is still not perfect. The main disadvantage is that the number of T-shaped teeth in the stator (ie, silicon steel plate) in the motor is generally the rotor (ie, magnetic ring) magnet. A common multiple or equal number. Therefore, when the magnetic poles of the rotor and the magnetic field centers of the stator coils correspond to each other, a dead angle state will be formed, making it difficult for the rotor to start and rotate or generating vibration; just like a two-phase motor, the two-phase motor If the number of teeth of the stator is four teeth, the rotor must be two poles of N and S. When the rotor rotates 90 times. It is a dead angle from time to time, making it difficult to rotate the rotor. Similarly, for electric vehicle wheels using three-phase motor auxiliary power, if the number of teeth of the stator is a common multiple of the rotor magnets, the number of coil poles of the stator formed by three-phase star windings will form the common multiple of the rotor magnetic poles. The experimental value and magnetic circuit analysis, the magnetic field is not even 'will also produce the cogging torque (Cogging Torque) 3 This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 Gongchu) ~ III Binding and ordering ^ ^^ ~ ^ (Please read the precautions on the back, then 4? .. >, this page) Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Cooperating with Consumers, 4 4 ^ 166 ^ * !. \
________B 五、發明説明（2) 現象’以致其轉子起動困難，在運轉時亦不能平順，須藉 助外力先轉動車輪才容易平順迴轉，且其迴轉有產生嗓音 、線圈易發熱等缺弊，其不旦影響電動車馬達之壽命，亦 易因高溫而降低馬達效率及使磁力退磁現象，甚至造成霍 耳元件（Hall 1C)燒毁故障之可能性。緣此，前述習見之電 動車車輪其輔助動力之馬達乃有改進之必要。 本發明之主要目的’乃在於提供一種輔助動力馬達之 結構改良’尤指針對電動車車輪之輔助動力馬達，其轉子 及定子相配合結構改良，以克服磁極間所產生之頓齒轉矩 (Cogging Torque) ’而獲致起動無死角功效及令電動車行 進更加順暢無嗓音者。 本發明之次要目的，乃在於提供一種輔助動力馬達之 結構改良，其中，該三相無刷輔助動力馬達之換向感測器 霍耳元件组’可預先以三個霍耳元件（Ha丨丨|C)加工在一 電路板上；而將此電珞板，裝設於定子盤三相星形線圈繞 組之相對應最佳位置處，以達到耗電量最低，而且起動無 死角之效果者。 本發明之另一目的，乃在於提供一種辅助動力馬達之 結構改良’其中，該定子盤繞组之三相星形線圈，其三條 電線之一中接設有一溫控丨C，再將溫控ic固定於定子盤之 適當位置’藉以該溫控1C之預設值來保護馬逹；以令當運 轉溢度過高時即自動停止供電’待溫度降低後，再自動恢 復繼續供應電流，以防止霍耳元件（Ha丨丨|C)燒毀、電線覆 皮跪化及磁力耗損等情事發生’而保持馬達一定壽命者。 4 本紙張尺度適用中@®家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X297公餘） ' '* — ΐ^~^ ： . i 線 (诗先閱讀背而之注意事項孑虼寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局员Μ消费合作社印製 434166-ί 五、發明説明（3 ) 茲依附圖實施例將本發明之結構特徵及其他之作用、 目的詳細說明如下： 如第一闽所示，本發明所為之**辅助動力馬達之結構 改良J設計’其辅助動力馬達係組設在電動車之車輪中央 ’其主要包括有：一輪殼1、一中心輪軸2、一轉子環3 及一定子盤4等構件所組成，其中： 輪般1，係由兩個呈淺圓盤形狀之輪圈殼蓋^及”，所 構成，兩輪圈殼蓋11、1V乃呈相對應狀*夾設於一圓環12 之兩側’並藉數支螺栓螺固在圓環12之兩側，以形成一宁 空之輪殼1，而兩輪圈殼蓋*11、Ί1*於其中央則各設有一軸 承14、14’，而兩輪围殼蓋11、Ή’之内側壁周圍則形成有 複數片散熱葉片15 ; 中心輪軸2 ’係供固設於電動車車輪之前輪又桿或後 輪又桿之一圓桿狀輪轴，並且供輪殼1及定子盤4套設， 惟於其轴身之適當位置設有兩下凹之導槽21及22，而該導 槽21及22係分別延伸至一轴端處； 轉子環3，其係為一面環狀之輛鐵環31、及於其内環 面平均埋設有複數個磁鐵32所構成，而該一個磁鐵32即代 表轉子環3之一磁極（如埋設八個磁鐵32即為八個磁極）； 定子盤4，係為一圓盤41、及其周緣固設有數片堆疊 而成之環形矽銅片42所構成，其外環面具有數個溝槽以形 成具有多數個T形齒牙421，該齒牙421的數目則為轉子環 3之磁鐵32極數的公倍數再加數齒或減數齒，（亦即轉子 環3若為八極而定子盤4即可為其三倍另加三齿或減三齿 __5 本紙張尺度ϋ财g财科（CNS > A4· ( 21QX297公势）~ ： ---------裝------—訂-------線 (諳先閱讀背面之注意事邛再填寫本頁> 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 ________ΙΓ 五、發明説明（4) ，即二十七齒或二十一齒），以令環形矽鋼片42T形齒牙 421數目為非轉子環3極數之公倍數；藉此，再於定子盤 4之金牙42*!間施予三相星形線圈繞组，而以此構成 一種三相無刷輔助動力馬達之定子盤4，由三條電線予以 供電；惟三條電線中之一條電線上係接設有一温控開關5 (溢控丨c) ’並將溢控開關5固設於定子盤4之三相星形線 圈4211附近（如第四圈所示）； 藉上述之各構件，其组合時即令該轉子環3固設於輪 殼1之面環12内環面當中’而該定子盤4即以其圓盤41固 設於中心輪轴2之轴身適當位置，再令定子盤4置入該轉 子環3中央’使矽銅片42恰與轉子環3間具有相隔一適當 間隙；若此再使輪般1之兩輪圈殼蓋11、1Ί，分别以其轴 承14、1 4’套設於中心輪軸2之兩側，以將兩輪圈般蓋n 、11’螺固於該圓環12兩側並夹緊住該轉子環3 ;而該定子 盤4之三條電線係由中心輪轴2之導槽21中延伸至輪殼1 外，並於輪殼1内之適當位置設有一霍耳元件组6 ,該霍 耳元件組6係由三個霍耳元件61(Hall 1C)分別加工於一電 路板62(PC Board)所構成（如第八圖所示），且以數條電線 經由中心輪轴2之導槽22延伸至輪殼1外，並連接至控制 電路；而該霍耳元件組6固設於輪殼1内之位置係為感測 無刷馬達之換向時序信號，其固設位置乃為電機3eo。當 中之最佳起動角度’該角度係由實驗值所獲得，惟亦可直 接螺設於定子盤4之適當處；藉此*將輪殼1結合於電動 車之輪子中央時’即可以其中心輪轴2固設於電動車之前 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） ¾— (請先閱讀背面之注意事邛為填寫本頁) -se 線 經濟部中央標準局負工消费合作社印製 4 3416 6* Λ __-__1Γ 五、發明説明（5) 輪又桿或後輪叉桿’作為電動車車輪之輔助動力源；當供 電給予該定子盤4之三相星形線圈繞组時，即可使輪般1 及轉子環3繞著定子盤4迴轉，並帶動電動車車輪旋轉。 由於本發明之定子盤4，其齒牙42數目非轉子環3磁 鐵32磁極之公倍數，而呈不平均分佈；因此，該轉子環3 之磁極即不會與定子盤4線圈磁場令心產生完全對正，在 此情形下即可消除習見起動死角之缺弊》當定子盤4之三 相星形線圈4211繞組接受控制器（MPU)之馬達驅動之 訊息後（如第十二圖所示）’即由三相星形線圈4211繞組 之三條電線供電（如第四圖至第七圖所示），使該轉子環 3即可順暢起動旋轉’而在旋轉之時亦能克服頓齒轉矩（ Cogging Torque)之現象，使輔助動力馬達可減少震動、 噪音、線圈高溫等情事發生’藉以獲得保持無刷輔助動力 馬達一定壽命之效果。 再者如第二圓所示，本發明輪殼1内除設有一组轉子 環3及定子盤4之外，亦可在預定之位置再加設一组轉子 環3 —及定子盤4 >，若此即可預設該第一組轉子環3及 定子盤4之功率為2〇〇W ’而第二组轉子環3，及定子盤 4 一之功率為4〇〇W ，再經由控制器（MPU)對電流之 偵測（如第十二圖所示）’如電動車在平地行驶其偵測電 流值為如10A以下，祇令該第一组轉子環3及定子盤4以 200W功率輸出動力；當行使於4°〜S。坡地時其偵測電 流值如為20A以下，控制器即轉換第二组轉子環3 —及定 子盤4 <以400 W功率輪出動力；同理行敎8。以上坡地 7 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（210X297公釐) '~~~~ I ; 1^衣 ! 、1TIf I (請先閱讀背面之注意事邛弄填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 434166-? 、 __ΙΓ 五、發明説明（β ) 時，其偵測電流值如為2〇A以上，以令第一组及第二组同 步以200W及400W功率輸出動力，藉此使本發明輔助動力 馬達，可獲得多段扭力及速度變換輸出效果；再者當其中 一组起動機不旋轉之時，即可利用已作起動旋轉之另一组 起動機之帶動，而產生一反電動勢對電動車之電池充電》 本發明定子盤4之T形齒牙421數目非轉子環3極數 之公倍數，例如該轉子環3設有八個磁鐵32，而定子盤4 之T形齒牙421的數目，則可為磁鐵32數目之三倍另加三 齿或減三齒，亦即該T形齒牙421之數目係為27齒或21齒 (如第四圖及第五圖所示）；又如第六圖所示該轉子環3 A亦可埋設有十二個磁鐵32A，而該定手盤4A之T形齒 牙421 A數目仍為轉子環3A磁鐵32 A數目之三倍另加三 齒或減三齿，亦即為39齒或33齒之T形齒牙421A (如第 六圖及第七圊所示）；若此，令定子盤4A施予三相星形 線圈4211繞組後，其線圈磁極數即不相等於轉子環3A之 磁極數，亦非其公倍數，在此之下即可消除起動死角及頻 齒轉矩（Cogging Torque)之現象發生；是故，本發明之轉 子環3磁鐵32、32 A原不限於八個或十二個，倘為四或二 十四個者皆無不可，而該定子盤4之T形齒牙421亦不限 於三倍另加三齒或減三齒之狀態，若為其他倍數皆無不可 。如第八囷所示而本發明之轉子環3 B亦可採由數月環形 矽鋼片所構成，於其内環面設有如上述之T形齒牙31B， 而該定子盤4 B則於該圓盤41B之周緣埋設有預定數目之 磁鐵42 B ’且其磁極相配合狀態亦與上述消除起動死角及 8 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標^(CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐) ~ ~— t Γ 訂 ~Ϊ. .~"線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再本頁) 經濟部中央標隼局SK.X.消费合作祍印製 434166-3 _______ ,Γ 五、發明説明（7") 頓啬轉矩（Cogging Torque)之設計相同，易言之，即τ形 金牙31 Β之數目仍為磁鐵42Β之公倍數另加數齿或減少數 齿。再者，該轉子環3 Β若裝設成為輔助動力馬達係固定 不轉動狀態即成為一定子，相反的該定子盤4 Β即成為一 轉子，是故，轉子環3Β及定子盤4Β可設為轉子或定子 皆為可行。 又，如第九圖至第十一圖所示，本發明係可於輪殼1 内設有減速機構7，藉該減速機構7使上述一組或兩組起 動機（一轉子環3加一定子盤4即為一组）所組成之輔助 動力馬達，以更臻實用性，該減速機構7，係包括：一馬 達殼71及一行星齒輪组72所構成，其中： 一馬達殼71 ’係包括由一圓盤形狀之馬達般蓋711及 一圓盤形狀之側蓋71 2所組成，藉以數支螺釘鎖設邊緣成 為中空之馬達殼71，而該馬達殼蓋711舆該側蓋712之輪殼 處均設有一軸承713 ; 一行星齒輪组72，係包括有一内環齒輪721 、一個以 上之中間輪722、一主動齒輪723、一轴套724 、一傳動盤 725及一個以上之樞軸726所組成，·該内環齒輪721係呈環 狀而固設於馬達般7Ί —側；一個以上之中間輪722則係藉 由轴承及樞軸726樞設於傳動盤725之盤面，該傳動盤725 内孔乃設有一軸承727;該主動齒輪723則固設於軸套724 之一側段’轴套724之内孔亦設有一個以上之轴承727 ;藉 此，令該中間輪722分別嚙合於内環齒輪721，而再令該主 動齒輪723嚙合於各中間輪722之中央；當軸套724與主動 __ 9 I紙乐尺度適用中國國家梂準（CNS ) Λ4规格（2丨0><297公楚)' ---------沿衣-----：丨訂------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項nviAiH本頁) 經濟部中央榡準局負工消费合作社印來 4 34l66-：f ； 五、發明説明) 齒輪723旋轉時，即可帶動中間輪722於内環齒輪721中迴 轉，而同步使傳動盤725迴轉，藉以獲得一減速效果；惟 減速機構7並不限於以行星會輪组作減速，如採用二段以 上之減速齒輪组，亦不失為一實施範疇； 藉由上述之馬達殼71及行星齒輪組72，其組合關係及 所達成之功效如下；如第九圖至第十一圖所示，係令前述 之一個或一個以上之轉子環3 B固設於馬達殼7彳之馬達殼 蓋712内（形成一定子）’並將三條電線由馬達般71引出 ’由中心輪轴2之導槽21連接至控制電路上；而馬達般蓋 712内之適當位置係設有一霍耳元件组6，該霍耳元件組 6之數條重線係延仲至馬達殼71外，再經由令心輪輛2之 導糟22連接至控制電路，而再將一個或一個以上之定子盤 4B套設於行星齒輪組72之轴套724筒身處，再令該+心 輪轴2貫穿過該轴套724,使軸套724及定子盤4 B可於中 心輪轴2上旋轉（形成一轉子）；若此，即將該轴套724 植入馬達殼蓋711及側蓋7Ί2之轴承713當中，使定子盤4 B (實為轉子）恰位於轉子環3B (實為定子）所環繞之 範圍内，並以該側蓋7彳2予以封閉；而上逑該行星齿輪組 72係設於馬達殼71之一側’且以其傳動盤72s與該輪般工 之單向棘輪13相結合，使輪般1將馬達殼71予以包覆而 可於中心輪抽2上受定子盤4 B (實為轉子）及該行星齒 輪组72減速帶動旋轉，藉以輔助電動車之車輪迴轉行進。 如第十二圖所示’本發明之輔助動力馬達之結構改良 設計，於輪殻1之一側亦可採以螺設方式，而固設有一碟 1 0 本紙張尺度適用中闺國家梯準（CNS ) A4规210X297公梦) --~~~~ -- - - ml ! I 1! ·ί - I^^!! i -·-· -.I- -，-： ： .·.------ ------ I .--E—^. 1^1 (讀先閱讀背面之洼意事項為填寫本頁) 434邮·:!!： __ Η" 五、發明説明（0 ) 剎盤8 ’藉該碟剎盤8以作為電動車之剎車裝置，當使用 者剎車時，即由剎車偵測裝置（如第十二圖所示）獲得一 訊息回讀至控制器（MPU)，令控制器以一訊息停止電 池對馬達供電，獲得使用者安全剎車之功能》又如第十四 圖所示’本發明之輪殼1另一側亦可於輪般外加設一從動 變速鏈輪组9，使本發明輔助動力馬達可裝設於電動車之 後輪叉桿處，作為一輔助動力源。 此外，感測無刷馬達之換向時序信號的霍耳元件组6 (Ha" IC SET)，其亦可採由解角器（ReS0丨ver)或使用 譯碼器（Encoder)來取代原設計之霍耳元件组6 ;亦可 利用控制電路中馬達的反電動勢遇期訊號來取代霍耳元件 组6之換向時序信號感測。 综上所述，本發明所為之f輔助動力馬達之結構改良 j設計已確具實用性，其手段之運用亦出於新穎無疑，且 其功效與設計目的誠然符合，已稱合理進步至明，為此， 依專利法提出發明專利申請，惟懇請鈞局惠予詳審，並 賜准專利為禱，至感德便。 (諳先閱讀背面之;i意事項再本頁) ，τ 經濟部中央墚浪.局‘h r一消f合作.杜印裝 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標隼（CNS } Λ4規格（2丨ΟΧ2ίΠ公接） 4 34 1 Λ' ____ 1Γ 五、發明説明 (10) 圖式簡單說明： 第一圖所示為本發明之组合刹面圖。 第二圖所示為本發明兩組起動機之组合剖面圖。 第三®所示為本發明之實施例示意圖。 第四圖所示為本發明轉子環與定子盤之實施例圖。 第五圖所示為本發明轉子環與定子盤另一實施例圖β 第六圖所示為本發明轉子環舆定子盤其他實施例圖β 第七闽所示為本發明轉子環與定子盤其他實施例圖。 第八圖所示為本發明轉子環舆定子盤其他實施例圖。 第九圖所示為本發明具有減速機構之實施例圖》 第十圖所示為本發明具有減速機構之實施例立逋圖。 第十一圏所示為本發明另一有減速機構之實施例圖。 第十二圖所示為本發明控制馬達驅動之電路闽》 第十三圈所示為本發明裝設剎車盤之局部剖面圖。 第十四圖所示為本發明裝設變速鍵輪组之前視圖。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再敁寫本頁 .裝 經濟部中央標华局Κ工消f合作杜印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2l〇X2y7公趋） ^ 蛵濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 3 4 166-¾ 、 ’ Η 五、發明説明（y) 主要圖號說明： 輪殼1 ; 霍耳元件61 ; 輪圈殻蓋11、11’ ； 電路板62 : ffl 環 12 ; 減速機構7 ; 單向棘輪13; 馬達殼71 ; 柏承 14、14’ ； 馬達殼蓋711 ; 散熱葉片15、15’ ； 側蓋712 ; 中心輪轴2 ; 轴承713 ; 導槽21、22 ; 行星齒輪組72 ; 轉子環 3、3 一、3 A、3 B ; 内環齒輪721 ; 軛鐵環 31、31’、31 A ; 中間輪722 ; 磁鐵 32、32’、32 A、42 B ； 主動齒輪723 ; 定子盤 4、4’、4A、4B; 轴套724 : 圓盤 41、41,、41 A、41 B ； 傳動盤725 ; 環形矽鋼片42、42、42A ; 樞轴726 ; T 形齒牙 421、421’、421 A、31 B ; 軸承727 ; 溫控開關5 ; 剎盤8 ; 霍耳元件組6 ; 變速鏈輪組9 ; (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨0X297公蹵）________B V. Description of the invention (2) Phenomenon 'makes the rotor start difficult, and it is not smooth during operation. It is easy to turn smoothly by turning the wheel with the help of external force, and it has disadvantages such as voice, coils being easy to heat, etc. Once it affects the life of the electric vehicle motor, it is also easy to reduce the motor efficiency and demagnetize the phenomenon due to the high temperature, and even cause the possibility of Hall 1C burnout failure. For this reason, it is necessary to improve the motor of the auxiliary power of the conventional electric vehicle wheels. The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a structural improvement of an auxiliary power motor, particularly an auxiliary power motor for an electric vehicle wheel. The structure of the rotor and the stator is improved to overcome the cogging torque generated between the magnetic poles. Torque) 'And get the dead end effect and make the electric car travel smoother and quieter. A secondary object of the present invention is to provide a structural improvement of an auxiliary power motor, in which the commutation sensor Hall element group of the three-phase brushless auxiliary power motor can be preset with three Hall elements (Ha 丨丨 | C) is processed on a circuit board; and this electric board is installed at the corresponding best position of the three-phase star coil winding of the stator disk, so as to achieve the lowest power consumption and no dead angle effect. By. Another object of the present invention is to provide a structural improvement of the auxiliary power motor, wherein the three-phase star coil of the stator winding is provided with a temperature control in one of the three wires, and the temperature control IC Fixed at the appropriate position of the stator disc 'Protect the stables by the preset value of the temperature control 1C; so that the power supply will automatically stop when the operating overflow is too high' After the temperature is reduced, the automatic supply of current will be resumed to prevent Hall elements (Ha 丨 丨 | C) burnout, wire coverings kneeling and magnetic loss, etc., and maintain a certain life of the motor. 4 This paper size is applicable to the @ ® 家 标准 (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 public space) '' * — ΐ ^ ~ ^:. I line (read the note before reading the poem, write this page) Central Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by Member of the Standards Bureau, M Consumer Cooperative, 434166-ί 5. Description of the Invention (3) The structural features and other functions and purposes of the present invention will be described in detail in accordance with the embodiments of the drawings: As shown in the first figure, the present invention is for ** The structure of the auxiliary power motor is improved by J design. “The auxiliary power motor is set at the center of the wheel of the electric vehicle.” It mainly includes: a wheel housing 1, a central wheel shaft 2, a rotor ring 3, and a certain daughter disc 4 and other components. It consists of: wheel-like 1, which is composed of two rim shell covers ^ and ", which are in the shape of a shallow disc, and the two rim shell covers 11, 1V are corresponding shapes * sandwiched in a ring The two sides of 12 'are bolted on both sides of the ring 12 by a number of bolts to form a hollow wheel housing 1, and the two wheel housing covers * 11, Ί1 * are each provided with a bearing 14 in the center. , 14 ', and a plurality of radiating blades 15 are formed around the inner wall of the two-round enclosure cover 11, Ή'; 2 'is a round rod axle fixedly mounted on one of the front wheel or rear wheel of the electric vehicle wheel, and is set for the wheel housing 1 and the stator disc 4, except that it is provided twice at the appropriate position of the shaft. The recessed guide grooves 21 and 22 are respectively extended to a shaft end; the rotor ring 3 is a ring-shaped iron ring 31 and an inner ring surface is embedded with a plurality of average numbers. A magnet 32 is formed, and this magnet 32 represents one magnetic pole of the rotor ring 3 (for example, if eight magnets 32 are embedded), the stator disc 4 is a disc 41 and its peripheral edge is fixed with a number It is formed by stacking a ring-shaped silicon copper sheet 42. The outer ring surface has several grooves to form a plurality of T-shaped teeth 421. The number of the teeth 421 is the number of the 32 poles of the magnet 3 of the rotor ring 3. Common multiples plus a few teeth or minus teeth, (that is, if the rotor ring 3 is eight poles and the stator disk 4 can be three times as many as three teeth plus or minus three teeth __5 paper size ϋ 财 g 财 科 (CNS > A4 · (21QX297 public momentum) ~: --------- install ---------- order ------- line (谙 read the notes on the back first 邛 then fill out this page > Central Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumer Bureau of the Associate Bureau ________ ΙΓ 5. Description of the invention (4) (27 teeth or 21 teeth), so that the number of ring-shaped silicon steel plates 42T-shaped teeth 421 is a common multiple of 3 poles of the non-rotor ring; With this, three-phase star coil windings are applied between the gold teeth 42 *! Of the stator disk 4, thereby forming a stator disk 4 of a three-phase brushless auxiliary power motor, which is powered by three wires; One of the wires is connected with a temperature control switch 5 (overflow control c), and the overflow control switch 5 is fixed near the three-phase star coil 4211 of the stator plate 4 (as shown in the fourth circle); By using the above-mentioned components, the rotor ring 3 is fixed in the inner ring surface of the face ring 12 of the wheel housing 1 when it is combined, and the stator disk 4 is fixed on the shaft of the center wheel shaft 2 with its disk 41. Place the stator disc 4 in the center of the rotor ring 3 in a proper position, so that the silicon copper sheet 42 has a proper gap between the rotor ring 3 and the rotor ring 3. If this is the case, then the two rim shell covers 11 and 1 of the wheel-like one are again. The bearings 14 and 14 'are respectively sleeved on both sides of the center wheel shaft 2 to screw the two rim-like covers n and 11' to the ring 12 The rotor ring 3 is clamped on the side; the three wires of the stator disc 4 extend from the guide groove 21 of the center wheel shaft 2 to the outside of the wheel housing 1, and a Hall element is provided at an appropriate position inside the wheel housing 1. Group 6, the Hall element group 6 is composed of three Hall elements 61 (Hall 1C) processed on a circuit board 62 (PC Board), as shown in the eighth figure, and a number of wires through the center The guide groove 22 of the wheel shaft 2 extends outside the wheel housing 1 and is connected to the control circuit. The position of the Hall element group 6 fixed in the wheel housing 1 is to sense the commutation timing signal of the brushless motor. The fixed position is the motor 3eo. The best starting angle is' the angle is obtained from the experimental value, but it can also be directly screwed in the appropriate place of the stator disc 4; by this way, when the wheel housing 1 is combined with the center of the wheel of the electric vehicle, it can be its center. The axle 2 is fixed before the electric vehicle 6 The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 × 297 mm) ¾— (Please read the note on the back first to fill in this page) -se Central Standard of Ministry of Economy Printed by the Office of the Consumer Cooperative 4 3416 6 * Λ __-__ 1Γ V. Description of the invention (5) The wheel lever or the rear wheel fork lever is used as an auxiliary power source for electric vehicle wheels; when power is supplied to the three phases of the stator disc 4 When the star coil is wound, the wheel 1 and the rotor ring 3 can be rotated around the stator disc 4 and the electric vehicle wheel can be rotated. Because the number of teeth 42 of the stator disk 4 of the present invention is not a common multiple of the rotor ring 3 magnet 32 magnetic poles, it is unevenly distributed; therefore, the magnetic poles of the rotor ring 3 will not completely interact with the stator disk 4 coil magnetic field. Alignment, in this case, you can eliminate the disadvantages of the dead angle of starting. When the three-phase star coil 4211 winding of the stator disc 4 receives the message from the controller (MPU) motor drive (as shown in Figure 12) 'That is to be powered by the three wires of the three-phase star coil 4211 winding (as shown in Figures 4 to 7), so that the rotor ring 3 can start and rotate smoothly', and it can also overcome the cogging torque when rotating. (Cogging Torque) phenomenon, so that the auxiliary power motor can reduce the occurrence of vibration, noise, high temperature of the coil and so on, to obtain the effect of maintaining a certain life of the brushless auxiliary power motor. Furthermore, as shown by the second circle, in addition to a set of rotor rings 3 and a stator disc 4 provided in the wheel housing 1 of the present invention, a set of rotor rings 3-and a stator disc 4 may also be provided at predetermined positions. ≫ If so, the power of the first group of rotor rings 3 and the stator plate 4 can be preset to 2000W ', and the power of the second group of rotor rings 3 and the stator plate 4 can be set to 400W, and then controlled by the control (MPU) for current detection (as shown in Figure 12) 'If the electric vehicle is traveling on flat ground and its detection current value is below 10A, only the first group of rotor ring 3 and stator disk 4 are set to 200W Power output power; when exercised at 4 ° ~ S. If the detected current value is less than 20A when the slope is on the ground, the controller will change the second group of rotor rings 3—and the stator plate 4 < powered by 400 W power wheels; Above the sloping land 7 This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) '~~~~ I; 1 ^ clothing!, 1TIf I (Please read the notes on the back first and fill in this page) Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards 434166- ?, __ΙΓ 5. When the invention description (β), its detection current value is above 20A, so that the first group and the second group are synchronized to output 200W and 400W power Power, so that the auxiliary power motor of the present invention can obtain multi-stage torque and speed conversion output effect; further, when one set of starters does not rotate, you can use the drive of the other set of starters that have already started to rotate, A back electromotive force is generated to charge the battery of the electric vehicle. "The number of T-shaped teeth 421 of the stator disk 4 of the present invention is not a common multiple of the number of poles of the rotor ring 3. For example, the rotor ring 3 is provided with eight magnets 32, The number of T-shaped teeth 421 can be three times the number of magnets 32 plus three teeth or minus three teeth, that is, the number of T-shaped teeth 421 is 27 teeth or 21 teeth (as shown in the fourth figure and the first (Shown in Figure 5); and as shown in Figure 6, the rotor ring 3 A can also be embedded with ten Magnets 32A, and the number of T-shaped teeth 421 A of the fixed hand plate 4A is still three times the number of the rotor ring 3A magnets 32 A plus three teeth or minus three teeth, which is a T shape of 39 teeth or 33 teeth Tooth 421A (as shown in Figures 6 and 7); if this is done, after the stator disk 4A is applied to a three-phase star coil 4211 winding, the number of magnetic poles in the coil is not equal to the number of magnetic poles in the rotor ring 3A. If it is not its common multiple, the phenomenon of starting dead angle and frequency torque (Cogging Torque) can be eliminated; therefore, the rotor ring 3 magnets 32 and 32 A of the present invention are not limited to eight or twelve. If it is four or twenty-four, it is not impossible, and the T-shaped teeth 421 of the stator disc 4 is not limited to the state of three times plus three teeth or minus three teeth. If it is other times, it is not necessary. As shown in Figure VIII, the rotor ring 3 B of the present invention can also be made of several months of annular silicon steel plates. The inner ring surface is provided with the T-shaped teeth 31B as described above, and the stator disk 4 B is A predetermined number of magnets 42 B ′ are embedded on the periphery of the disc 41B, and the matching state of the magnetic poles is also in accordance with the above-mentioned elimination of dead corners and 8 paper sizes applicable to the Chinese national standard ^ (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ~ ~ — t Γ Order ~ Ϊ.. ~ &Quot; line (please read the notes on the back first and then this page) Printed by the Central Bureau of Standardization of the Ministry of Economic Affairs SK.X. Consumption Cooperation 434166-3 _______, Γ 5. Description of Invention (7 " The design of the Cogging Torque is the same, in other words, the number of τ-shaped golden teeth 31 Β is still a common multiple of the magnet 42 Β plus a few teeth or a reduction of a few teeth. Moreover, if the rotor ring 3 Β is installed to become a fixed power state of the auxiliary power motor system, it becomes a stator. On the contrary, the stator disk 4 Β becomes a rotor. Therefore, the rotor ring 3 Β and the stator disk 4 Β can be set as Both rotors and stators are possible. In addition, as shown in the ninth to eleventh figures, the present invention can be provided with a reduction mechanism 7 in the wheel housing 1, and the one or two sets of starters (a rotor ring 3 plus a certain The sub-disk 4 is a set of auxiliary power motors for more practical use. The reduction mechanism 7 is composed of a motor case 71 and a planetary gear set 72. Among them: a motor case 71 'series It consists of a disc-shaped motor-like cover 711 and a disc-shaped side cover 71 2. The edge of the motor cover 71 becomes a hollow motor case 71 by means of several screw locks. A bearing 713 is provided at the wheel housing; a planetary gear set 72 includes an inner ring gear 721, more than one intermediate gear 722, a driving gear 723, a sleeve 724, a transmission plate 725, and more than one pivot shaft Composed of 726, the inner ring gear 721 is ring-shaped and fixed on the side of the motor 7; one or more intermediate wheels 722 are pivoted on the disk surface of the transmission disk 725 through bearings and pivots 726. The transmission The inner hole of the disc 725 is provided with a bearing 727; the driving gear 723 is fixed on the sleeve 724 One side section of the sleeve 724 is also provided with more than one bearing 727; thereby, the intermediate gear 722 is meshed with the inner ring gear 721, and the driving gear 723 is meshed with each of the intermediate gears 722. Central; when the shaft sleeve 724 and the active __ 9 I paper music scale is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) Λ4 specifications (2 丨 0 > < 297 公 楚) '--------- Along the clothes- ---: 丨 Order ------- (Please read the note on the back of nviAiH page first) Printed by the Central Consumers' Association of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives 4 34l66-: f; V. Description of the invention) Gear 723 When rotating, the intermediate wheel 722 can be driven to rotate in the inner ring gear 721, and the transmission disk 725 can be rotated synchronously to obtain a deceleration effect; however, the deceleration mechanism 7 is not limited to deceleration with a planetary wheel set, such as using two stages The above reduction gear set is also an implementation scope. With the above-mentioned motor case 71 and planetary gear set 72, the combination relationship and the effect achieved are as follows; as shown in the ninth to eleventh figures, the aforementioned One or more rotor rings 3 B are fixed in the motor case cover 712 of the motor case 7 (form a stator) The three wires are led out by the motor-like 71, and connected to the control circuit by the guide groove 21 of the center wheel shaft 2. The appropriate position in the motor-like cover 712 is provided with a Hall element group 6, the Hall element group 6 Several heavy wires are extended to the motor casing 71, and then connected to the control circuit through the guide 22 of the center wheel vehicle 2, and one or more stator disks 4B are sleeved on the sleeve of the planetary gear set 72. At the position of the 724 cylinder, the + mandrel shaft 2 passes through the shaft sleeve 724, so that the shaft sleeve 724 and the stator disk 4 B can rotate on the center wheel shaft 2 (forming a rotor); if so, the shaft sleeve 724 is inserted into the bearing 713 of the motor housing cover 711 and the side cover 7Ί2, so that the stator disk 4 B (actual rotor) is located within the range surrounded by the rotor ring 3B (actual stator), and the side cover 7 彳 2 The planetary gear set 72 is installed on one side of the motor case 71, and its transmission disk 72s is combined with the wheel-like one-way ratchet 13 so that the wheel case 1 encloses the motor case 71. It can be rotated by the stator disk 4 B (actually a rotor) and the planetary gear set 72 on the center wheel pump 2 to assist rotation. The car wheels turning travel. As shown in the twelfth figure, the structure improvement design of the auxiliary power motor of the present invention can also be screwed on one side of the wheel shell 1, and a fixed plate is provided. (CNS) A4 Regulation 210X297 Public Dream)-~~~~---ml! I 1! · Ί-I ^^ !! i-·-· -.I--,-::. · .- ----- ------ I .-- E— ^. 1 ^ 1 (Read the ins and outs on the back to read this page) 434 Posts :: !!: __ Η " V. Description of the Invention (0) Brake disc 8 'Borrow the disc brake disc 8 as a brake device for electric vehicles. When the user brakes, the brake detection device (as shown in Figure 12) obtains a message and reads it back to the controller. (MPU), so that the controller stops the battery from supplying power to the motor with a message, and obtains the function of the user's safe braking. "Also shown in Figure 14 'The other side of the wheel housing 1 of the present invention can also be provided with a wheel-like one. The driven variable speed sprocket set 9 enables the auxiliary power motor of the present invention to be installed at the fork of a rear wheel of an electric vehicle as an auxiliary power source. In addition, Hall element group 6 (Ha " IC SET) that senses the commutation timing signals of the brushless motor can also be replaced by a resolver (ReS0 丨 ver) or an encoder (Encoder) instead of the original design Hall element group 6; It is also possible to replace the commutation timing signal sensing of Hall element group 6 with the back-EMF encounter signal of the motor in the control circuit. To sum up, the structure improvement design of the auxiliary power motor of the present invention is indeed practical. The use of its means is also novel and undoubted, and its efficacy and design purpose are indeed in line with it. To this end, an application for an invention patent was filed in accordance with the Patent Law. However, I would like to ask the Bureau to review it carefully and to grant the patent as a prayer. (Please read the back of the book first; i-notes and then this page), τ Central Ministry of Economic Affairs, Bureau, hr's, and f-cooperation. The printed paper size is applicable to the Chinese national standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (2 丨 〇Χ2ίΠ (Male connection) 4 34 1 Λ '____ 1Γ 5. Brief description of the invention (10) Drawings: The first picture shows the combined brake surface of the present invention. The second picture shows the combination of two sets of starters of the present invention. Sectional view. The third ® shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. The fourth picture shows an embodiment of a rotor ring and a stator disc of the present invention. The fifth picture shows another embodiment of a rotor ring and a stator disc of the present invention. Example diagram β The sixth diagram shows other embodiments of the rotor ring stator plate of the present invention β The seventh diagram shows other embodiments of the rotor ring and stator disk of the present invention. The eighth diagram shows the rotor ring and the stator disc of the present invention. A diagram of other embodiments of the stator disc. The ninth figure shows the embodiment of the invention with a reduction mechanism. The tenth figure shows the embodiment of the invention with a reduction mechanism. The eleventh figure shows the invention. Another embodiment of a deceleration mechanism is shown in Figure 12. Figure 12 shows the control of the present invention. The circuit of the brake motor drive is shown in the thirteenth circle. It is a partial cross-sectional view of the brake disc installed in the present invention. The fourteenth diagram is a front view of the shift key wheel set in the present invention. (Please read the note on the back first. The matter is reprinted on this page. The central standardization bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People ’s Republic of China cooperates with the industry to cooperate with the printing and printing of this paper. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 2y7). ^ Consumption of employees of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Cooperative printed 3 4 166-¾, 'Η 5. Description of the invention (y) Description of main drawing number: Wheel housing 1; Hall element 61; Wheel housing cover 11, 11'; Circuit board 62: ffl ring 12; Deceleration Mechanism 7; One-way ratchet 13; Motor housing 71; Parker 14, 14 '; Motor housing cover 711; Radiating blades 15, 15'; Side cover 712; Center wheel shaft 2; Bearing 713; Guide grooves 21, 22; Planet Gear group 72; rotor rings 3, 3, 1, 3 A, 3 B; inner ring gears 721; yoke rings 31, 31 ', 31 A; intermediate wheels 722; magnets 32, 32', 32 A, 42 B; active Gear 723; Stator discs 4, 4 ', 4A, 4B; Bushing 724: Discs 41, 41, 41 A, 41 B; Transmission disc 725; Ring Silicon steel plates 42, 42, 42A; Pivot 726; T-shaped teeth 421, 421 ', 421 A, 31 B; Bearing 727; Temperature control switch 5; Brake disc 8; Hall element group 6; Variable speed sprocket group 9 ; (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 0X297)