n 4 3 4- 0 B 五、發明說明（1) 壹、創作背景 創作係提供一種奈米級超微結晶材料 • (Nanocrystalline Materials, NCM)粉末新製造方法及 機器構造。奈米粉末結構由晶粒在1到1 0 0 n m大小之粒子 所組成；其特性一，具有與一般固體晶相或非晶質相結構 不同的原子結搆；二，具有與其相同成份但為傳統晶粒或 非晶質材料不同的性質；三，可使原本無法混合的金屬與 聚合物混合而成合金。由於這些特性，奈米結構材料可以 改變材料之機械及物理性質。機械性質如材料強度，模 數，延性，磨耗性質以及腐蝕行為。物理性質，如其有強 磁性，高熱傳導性，高擴散性等。因性能特殊已發展成為 重要之新機能素材而且廣泛應用。奈米材料之研發已經普 及世界並跨越領域。 隨著奈米級超微粉末應用領域不斷開發，需求量成長 快速，奈米尺寸粉末工程即不斷的往大量生產製造技術的 極限推進，再加上尖端製造技術必需往快速大量發展，尤 其在奈米尺寸粉末相關產品雛型開發後，量產者成長快 速，因此奈米級超微粉末需求量越來越大。 奈米結構材料習知之製造方法有 一、 喷霧熱解法。 二、 高週波法。 三、 電漿或微波法。 四、 雷射加熱法。n 4 3 4- 0 B V. Description of the invention (1) I. Creative background The Creative Department provides a new method and machine structure for nanocrystalline materials (NCM) powder. Nano-powder structure is composed of particles with a grain size of 1 to 100 nm. Its characteristics are as follows: first, it has an atomic structure different from the general solid crystalline or amorphous phase structure; second, it has the same composition but traditional. Different properties of grain or amorphous materials; Third, metals and polymers that could not be mixed can be mixed into alloys. Because of these characteristics, nanostructured materials can change the mechanical and physical properties of the materials. Mechanical properties such as material strength, modulus, ductility, abrasion properties, and corrosion behavior. Physical properties, such as strong magnetism, high thermal conductivity, and high diffusivity. Due to its special performance, it has become an important new functional material and widely used. The research and development of nano-materials has spread all over the world and across fields. With the continuous development of nano-grade ultra-fine powder applications, the demand has grown rapidly, and nano-sized powder engineering has continued to push the limits of mass production and manufacturing technology. In addition, cutting-edge manufacturing technology must be developed rapidly and in large numbers, especially in Na After the development of prototypes of rice-size powder-related products, mass producers have grown rapidly, so the demand for nano-grade ultra-fine powder is increasing. Known manufacturing methods for nano-structured materials include spray pyrolysis. Second, the high frequency method. 3. Plasma or microwave method. Fourth, the laser heating method.
P 4340 6 7 五、發明說明（2) 五、 沉殿法。 六、 氧化還原法。 七、 凍結乾燥法。 八、 火花放電法。 至今未見將材料潛埋於真空冷卻液中引弧汽化，冷卻 液瞬間將被汽化之材料凝結之方法以製造奈米級超微粉末 材料（Nanocrystalline Materials, NCM )粉末。為此， 本創作即發明一種真空潛弧法以上述原理製奈米級超微粉 末材料以應需求。構造及製作原理特徵示意圖，如圖一所 示，進一步於創作概述中說明。P 4340 6 7 V. Description of the Invention (2) V. Shen Dianfa. Sixth, the redox method. 7. Freeze-drying method. Eight, spark discharge method. So far, no method has been used to ignite the arc by burying the material in a vacuum cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid will instantly condense the vaporized material to produce nano-grade ultrafine powder (NCM) powder. To this end, the present invention is to invent a vacuum submerged arc method to make nano-grade ultrafine powder materials based on the above principles to meet the needs. Schematic diagram of the structure and production principles, as shown in Figure 1, is further explained in the creative overview.
434067 五、發明說明（3) 貳、創作概述 本創作係發明一種奈米級超微粉末材料製造原理及製 造機構造。主要係以真空幫〔1〕、壓力平衡控制系統 (2 ]、控制閥一〔3〕、真空腔〔4〕、控制閥二〔5〕、 控制閥三〔6〕、冷卻器[7〕、冷卻液真空幫浦系統 [8〕、冷卻液〔9〕、原材料〔10〕及引弧器〔1 1〕組合 而成，方法原理及特徵如下： 將原材料〔1 0〕潛埋於真空腔〔4〕之冷卻液〔9〕中 經由引弧器〔1 1〕引發電弧將材料汽化，冷卻液〔9〕瞬 間將被汽化之原材料〔1 0〕凝結，即可得奈米結構材料粉 末。 奈米級超微粉末材料粉末之大小係由冷卻液〔9〕之 壓力及溫度控制，由於本法之原材料〔1 0〕汽化環境係於 液態之冷卻液〔9〕中，其壓力及溫度易控制，所得粉末 尺寸均勻精確。 原材料〔1 0〕潛埋於真空腔〔4〕之冷卻液〔9〕t， 其熱傳包含傳導對流及相變化 '因此粉末成形迅速，為大 量生產之極佳方法。 粉末於真空腔〔4〕之冷卻液〔9〕中成形，即分散於 冷卻液〔9〕中，節省粉末分散工程，亦簡化了粉末輸送 之複雜性。 冷卻液不但對原材料〔10〕，而且機器本身具有極佳 之冷卻溫控效果。因此原材料〔1 0〕與機器皆溫控精密，434067 V. Description of the invention (3) 创作. Overview of creation This creation is the invention of a nano-grade ultra-fine powder material manufacturing principle and manufacturing machine structure. It is mainly composed of vacuum assist [1], pressure balance control system (2), control valve one [3], vacuum chamber [4], control valve two [5], control valve three [6], cooler [7], The cooling liquid vacuum pumping system [8], cooling liquid [9], raw materials [10] and arc starter [1 1] are combined. The principle and characteristics of the method are as follows: The raw materials [1 0] are buried in a vacuum chamber [ 4] In the cooling liquid [9], the material is vaporized through the arc initiator [1 1], and the cooling liquid [9] will instantly condense the vaporized raw material [1 0] to obtain nano structural powder. The size of the meter-level ultrafine powder material powder is controlled by the pressure and temperature of the cooling liquid [9]. Since the raw material [1 0] of this method has a vaporized environment in the liquid cooling liquid [9], its pressure and temperature are easy to control. The size of the obtained powder is uniform and accurate. The raw material [1 0] is buried in the vacuum cavity [4] of the cooling liquid [9] t, and its heat transfer includes conductive convection and phase change ', so the powder is formed quickly, which is an excellent method for mass production. The powder is formed in the cooling liquid [9] in the vacuum chamber [4], Dispersed in the cooling liquid [9], saving powder dispersion engineering, and simplifying the complexity of powder transportation. The cooling liquid not only has good effects on the raw materials [10], but also the machine itself has an excellent cooling temperature control effect. Therefore, the raw materials [1 0] Precision temperature control with the machine,
434067 五、發明說明（4) .即溫控設備較傳統者不但簡單而且精密 iiBi 434067 五、發明說明（5) 參、創作的詳細說明 本創作提供之新構造與製作原理，其特徵及各元件， 包括： 【圖式說明號】 圖一真空潛弧法原理示意圖 【圖式說明號】 真空幫〔1〕 壓力平衡控制系統〔2〕 控制閥一 〔3〕 真空腔〔4〕 控制閥二〔5〕 控制閥三〔6〕 冷卻器〔7〕 冷卻液真空幫浦系統〔8〕 冷卻液（9〕 原材料〔1 0〕 引弧器〔1 1 〕434067 V. Description of the invention (4). That is, the temperature control equipment is not only simpler and more precise than the traditional ones. IiBi 434067 V. Description of the invention (5) Detailed description of the creation and creation. The new structure and production principle provided by this creation, its characteristics and components. Including: [Schematic description number] Figure 1 Principle diagram of vacuum submerged arc method [Schematic description number] Vacuum help [1] Pressure balance control system [2] Control valve one [3] Vacuum chamber [4] Control valve two [ 5] Control valve three [6] Cooler [7] Coolant vacuum pumping system [8] Coolant (9) Raw materials [1 0] Arc pilot [1 1]
434067 五、發明說明（6) 真空潛弧法之製程及設備，其重要部份如下：引弧器 〔11〕為電弧加熱系統（Electrical Discharge Arc H e a t i n g S y s t e πι )，控制不同的電壓、電流之加熱源，以 達到控制熱源不同狀況。參數控制系統利用壓力平衡控制 系統〔2〕以控制壓力精確平穩；利用冷卻器〔7〕 '冷卻 液真空幫浦系統〔8 ]及冷卻液〔9〕以控制溫度精確平 穩，因壓力與溫度容易控制，所得粉末尺寸均勻精確。 粉體收集系統主要方法係將原材料〔1 0〕潛埋於真空 腔〔4〕之冷卻液〔9〕中引電孤（Electrical Arc)汽化 (V a ρ 〇 r i z a t i ο η )，此時冷卻液[9 ]瞬間將被汽化之材 料凝結（Condensation)，即可得許多細小粉末，本法之 優點係直接儲存在液體中，可直接由冷卻液〔9〕帶至收 集區加以區分收集再萃取濃縮，不會造成飛揚污染，搬運 儲存方便。冷卻液〔9〕的溫度、壓力甚至其流場狀況都 會影響粉粒的成核、生長及冷卻狀況，成核多、成長慢才 可得到細小晶粒，高溫汽化低溫冷卻可得到良好效果。電 弧加熱系統之熱源優點主要是功率大、電弧穩定性佳、控 制部份穩定技術成熟。 本案創作之真空潛弧法之製程及設備具上述技術之長 處，對製造業之生產技術，提高效率、降低成本、增快速 度，頗具助益，應已具具進步性，經濟性及實用性。434067 V. Description of the invention (6) The process and equipment of the vacuum submerged arc method, the important parts are as follows: The arc pilot [11] is an electric arc heating system (Electrical Discharge Arc H eating System), which controls different voltages and currents. Heating source to control different conditions of the heat source. The parameter control system uses the pressure balance control system [2] to control the pressure accurately and smoothly; the cooler [7] 'coolant vacuum pump system [8] and the coolant [9] to control the temperature accurately and smoothly, because the pressure and temperature are easy Control, the size of the obtained powder is uniform and accurate. The main method of the powder collection system is to bury the raw materials [1 0] in the cooling fluid [9] in the vacuum chamber [4] and electrify them (Electrical Arc) to vaporize (V a ρ 〇rizati ο η). At this time, the cooling fluid [9] Condensation of the vaporized material in an instant can obtain many fine powders. The advantage of this method is that it can be directly stored in the liquid, which can be taken directly from the cooling liquid [9] to the collection area for separate collection and then extraction and concentration. , Will not cause flying pollution, easy to transport and store. The temperature, pressure and even the flow field of the coolant [9] will affect the nucleation, growth and cooling of the particles. Fine nucleation and slow growth can obtain fine grains, and high temperature vaporization and low temperature cooling can obtain good results. The main advantages of the arc heating system are high power, good arc stability, and mature control technology. The process and equipment of the vacuum submerged arc method created in this case have the advantages of the above-mentioned technologies. It is very helpful to the manufacturing technology of the manufacturing industry to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and increase speed. It should already be progressive, economical and practical .