41943 6 A7 ________—β7 _ 五、發明説明（1 ) 發明內容： 本發明係關於一種白煙製造方法，尤指一種海水接觸 之白煙製造方法。 白煙一般泛指粉狀之二氧化矽或粉狀之矽酸鹽類。目 前習知之白煙製法，係用硫酸和水玻璃反應，形成白煙粉 末，經分離、水洗、乾燥、粉碎、硏磨等步驟，以取得白 煙。但該製程使用強酸（硫酸因此產品偏酸性，造成使 用上的果擾或水洗純化上的困擾，此外，酸鹼中和時的酸 氣污染更是操作時的一大困擾。 美國第3，2 0 2，2 5 2號專利揭示一種利用酸化劑 (acidulating agent)、海水和水玻璃，製成白煙的方 法’但該方法必須使用大量酸化劑（例如：二氧化碳），且 海水用量約爲矽酸鹽重量的1 5 . 2倍（該專利實施例4 )至 26. 4倍（該專利實施例2)，且其反應溫度以5 0°C至95 °C 爲較佳。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明方法只使用矽酸鈉鹽類水溶液及海水，自無傳 統反應的酸污染問題，亦無產品偏酸性的問題（因爲海水 近於中性）。此外，本發明方法並未使用酸化劑，而海水 對矽酸鈉鹽比例也和美國第3 , 2 0 2 , 5 2 5號的比例不同，此 外，本發明方法係在常溫下反應，製程還比美國第 3 , 2 0 2,5 2 5號專利簡單有效。 本發明之一目的’在提供一種毋需使用酸性物料作爲 原料之白煙製造方法。 本發明之另一目的，在提供一種海水接觸式之白煙製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐} 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（2 ) 造方法。 本發明之白煙製造方法，其包括： (1)使矽酸鈉鹽類水溶液各海水混合，其中矽酸鈉鹽 水溶液濃度高於1 0 w t %，而海水用量約爲矽酸鈉鹽重量 的5 0至6 0 0倍重； (2 )分離混合後所產生之白色粉狀物； (3 )乾燥經分離之白色粉狀物。 必要時，可純化並硏磨該白色粉狀物》 上述方法可在常溫常壓下進行。 上述所謂矽酸鈉鹽類，意指任意的矽酸、偏矽酸等的 鈉鹽’例如矽酸鈉、偏矽酸鈉或其混合物。上述所謂矽酸 鈉鹽類水溶液，意指由矽酸鈉鹽類所構成之水溶液，其中 矽酸鈉鹽含量宜高於10wt %，以市售之水玻璃或其稀釋 液，或由市售之砂酸鈉或偏砂酸鈉所配製之水溶液爲較 佳。 上述海水’意指直接由海中直接取得之粗海水，或經 處理（例如過濾）之海水。海水用量約爲該矽酸鈉鹽類水溶 液中所含矽酸鈉鹽重量的50倍至600倍，以約倍至400 倍爲較佳《*，以約1 〇 〇倍至4 0 0倍爲更佳，以約11 〇倍至 I 6 0倍爲最佳。 上述所謂分離，意指任意習知的分離方法，例如過濾 或離心。 上述所謂乾燥，意指任意習知乾燥方法，任如加熱乾 燥、風乾、陰乾、曝晒、紅外線乾燥等。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印繁 A7 _B7 五、發明説明（3 ) 上述所謂純化，意指任意習知純化方法，例如水洗。 上述所謂硏磨，意指任意習知硏磨方法。其中該純化程 序，宜在乾燥程序之前，而硏磨程序以在乾燥程序之後爲 宜。 本發明方法中，可使用海水取得粉末狀白煙，其機制 目前仍不淸楚，但可確認並非因爲海水中含氯化鈉’因爲 以含氯化鈉之水溶液和同樣的矽酸鈉鹽類水溶液混合’無 法製得粉末狀白煙（參見比較例1〜5 )。 實施例1〜1 〇 以1重量分的56 ° Be'(矽酸鈉鹽含量約爲49.3%)的 水玻璃，分別和 5、10、20、30、40、50、60、80、 100、200 重量份（實施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、 9、1 0 )的海水混合，攪拌約1 0〜3 0分鐘後，靜置、過 濾，得濕白煙，乾燥後稱重，分別製得〇 _ 〇 3、〇 · 0 8、 0.18、0.30、0.38、0.44、0.48、0.46 ' 0.45、 〇 . 4 1重量份之乾燥白煙（產率分別爲6 . 1 %、1 6 · 0 %、 3 6.5% ' 60.9 ' 77.1% ' 89.2% ' 98.4% ' 95.7% ' 9 2 . 9 %、8 2 · 8 % )。 由實施例1~1〇，可知：海水用量爲水玻璃重量60倍 (即海水用量約爲水坡璃中矽酸鈉鹽重量1 2 0倍）時’白煙 產率約爲98.4%，而海水用量爲水玻璃重量5〇倍至1〇〇倍 (即海水用量約爲水玻璃中矽酸鈉鹽重量1〇0倍至200倍） 時，則白煙產量仍能維持約9 0 %以上。海水用量爲水玻璃 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210'乂297公釐） (請先閱讀.背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 t' 419438 at B7 五、發明说明（4 ) 用量4 0倍以上時，白煙產率仍能維持在7 7 %以上。而海 水用量爲水玻璃重量30倍以上時，白煙產率爲60%以 上。 比較例1 ~ 5 以1重量份之5 6 ° B e 1水玻璃，分別和6 0重量份 1 w t %、2 w t %、3 w t % ' 4 w t %、5 w t % (比較例 1、2、 3、4和5 )氯化鈉水溶液混合，充分攪拌數小時·結果全 部沒有白色粉狀物。 (請先閎讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -訂_ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 本紙張纽適用中國國家標準（CNS〉A4規格（2WX297公爱）41943 6 A7 ________— β7 _ V. Description of the Invention (1) Summary of the Invention: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing white smoke, especially a method for manufacturing white smoke in contact with seawater. White smoke generally refers to powdery silica or powdered silicates. At present, the conventionally-known method for making white tobacco is to use white sulfuric acid and water glass to form a white tobacco powder, which is then separated, washed, dried, pulverized, and honed to obtain white tobacco. However, the process uses strong acid (sulfuric acid, so the product is acidic, which causes troubles in use or troubles in washing and purification. In addition, acid gas pollution during acid-base neutralization is a major problem during operation. US 3, 2 Patent No. 02, 2 5 2 discloses a method for making white smoke by using an acidizing agent, seawater and water glass. However, this method must use a large amount of acidifying agent (such as carbon dioxide), and the amount of seawater is about silicon. The weight of the acid salt is 15.2 times (the patent embodiment 4) to 26.4 times (the patent embodiment 2), and the reaction temperature is preferably 50 ° C to 95 ° C. Central Standard of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Bureau's Consumer Cooperative (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The method of the present invention uses only sodium silicate aqueous solution and seawater. There is no problem of acid pollution caused by traditional reactions, and there is no problem of acidity of the product ( Because seawater is nearly neutral). In addition, the method of the present invention does not use an acidifying agent, and the ratio of seawater to sodium silicate is different from that of the United States No. 3, 202, 5 25. In addition, the method of the present invention Reaction at room temperature It is simpler and more effective than U.S. Patent No. 3,202,5,25. One object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing white smoke without using acidic materials as raw materials. Another object of the present invention is to provide a The white paper made of seawater contact type white paper is sized according to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) and printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) Production method. The manufacturing method includes: (1) mixing seawater of sodium silicate aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of the sodium silicate aqueous solution is higher than 10 wt%, and the amount of seawater is about 50 to 60 based on the weight of the sodium silicate; 0 times the weight; (2) the white powder produced after separation; (3) the separated white powder is dried. If necessary, the white powder can be purified and honed. The above-mentioned so-called sodium silicate salt means any sodium salt of silicic acid, metasilicic acid, or the like, such as sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, or a mixture thereof. The above-mentioned so-called sodium silicate aqueous solution means Refers to the composition of sodium silicate The solution, in which the content of sodium silicate is preferably higher than 10% by weight, is preferably a commercially available water glass or a diluent thereof, or an aqueous solution prepared from a commercially available sodium oxalate or sodium meta oxalate. Crude seawater obtained directly from the sea, or seawater that has been treated (eg, filtered). The amount of seawater is about 50 to 600 times the weight of the sodium silicate contained in the sodium silicate aqueous solution. 400 times is better "*, more preferably from about 1000 to 400 times, and most preferably from about 110 to 160 times. The above-mentioned separation means any conventional separation method, Such as filtration or centrifugation. The above-mentioned drying means any conventional drying method, such as heat drying, air drying, shade drying, exposure to sunlight, infrared drying, and the like. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order the Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives, India and India A7 _B7 V. Description of Invention (3) The above-mentioned purification means any conventional purification method, such as washing with water. The so-called honing means the conventionally known honing method. Among them, the purification process should be preceded by the drying process, and the honing process should be preceded by the drying process. In the method of the present invention, powdery white smoke can be obtained by using seawater, and the mechanism is still unclear, but it can be confirmed that it is not because of the presence of sodium chloride in seawater, but because of the aqueous solution containing sodium chloride and the same sodium silicate. Mixing of the aqueous solution did not produce powdery white smoke (see Comparative Examples 1 to 5). Example 1 ~ 10 Water glass with 56 ° Be '(sodium silicate content of about 49.3%) at 1 weight point and 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 200 parts by weight (Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) of seawater were mixed, stirred for about 10 to 30 minutes, then left to stand and filtered to obtain wet white smoke After drying, they were weighed to obtain 〇_〇3, 〇 08, 0.18, 0.30, 0.38, 0.44, 0.48, 0.46 '0.45, 0.4 1 parts by weight of dry white tobacco (yield of 6. 1%, 16 · 0%, 36.5%, 60.9, 77.1%, 89.2%, 98.4%, 95.7%, 92.9%, 82.8%). From Examples 1 to 10, it can be seen that when the amount of seawater is 60 times the weight of water glass (that is, the amount of seawater is about 120 times the weight of sodium silicate in Shuibo glass), the yield of white smoke is about 98.4%, and When the amount of seawater is 50 to 100 times the weight of water glass (that is, the amount of seawater is about 100 to 200 times the weight of sodium silicate in water glass), the white smoke output can still be maintained above 90%. . The amount of seawater used is water glass. The size of this paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 '乂 297mm) (Please read first. Note on the back before filling this page) Order t' 419438 at B7 V. Description of the invention ( 4) When the dosage is more than 40 times, the yield of white tobacco can still be maintained above 77%. When the amount of seawater is more than 30 times the weight of water glass, the yield of white smoke is 60% or more. Comparative Examples 1 to 5 1 wt% of 56 ° Be 1 water glass and 60 wt% of 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt% '4 wt%, 5 wt% (Comparative Examples 1, 2 , 3, 4 and 5) Sodium chloride aqueous solution was mixed and stirred for several hours. As a result, there was no white powder. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) -Order _ Printed by the Consumers' Co-operation of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper is applicable to Chinese national standards (CNS> A4 specifications (2WX297)