411654 A7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 B7五、發明説明（） - 本發明係有關於一種磁性感應之座標判知裝置及其方 法，特別是指一種藉由感應磁性物質之磁通量來測得一任 意位置之編碼方法，而可廣泛應用於一般轉動或直線移動 量測方面使用。 5 按，就先行技藝所知，一般用以偵測馬達或機械轉軸 等轉動裝置之絕對位置之方法，係在轉軸上設有一編碼器， 該編碼器由一組感測元件感應出一組對應該位置之二進位 識別碼，如第一圖所示。為了產生此種絕對位置之二進位 識別碼，習用之方法有使用光學式絕對位置編碼器與鼓狀 10 式絕對位置編碼器，該二者之方法及原理皆係利用感測器 元件開（〇)與關（1)之動作為訊號，而產生二進位識別碼，進 而經過判讀後而獲知轉動裝置之位置者。 如第二圖所示，該習用光學式絕對位置編碼器之結構 係包括有一信號碟片（10)、一光孔媒（11)、一發光二極體 15 (12)、一訊號接收器（13)與一轉動軸（14)等，其中主要係於 該信號碟片（10)上設有經由蝕刻所形成多數個交替環列之 穿透部份（101)與實心部份（102)(請參閱第三圖）；其原理 與方法為當該發光二極體（12)照射信號碟片（10)時，因該 實心部份（102)與穿透部份（101)之作用而使得有部份之光 20 線可通過，而部份之光線被阻隔，藉由此發光二極體（12) 之光線通過與否而由該訊號接收器（13)接收並產生二進位 識別碼，得於偵測後獲知轉動裝置之位置。 惟，上述利用訊號接收器（13)接收信號與否之光學式 編碼器，其在製造及使用時常存在著有下列幾項缺失： -3- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2ί〇Χ297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印¾ 411654 五、發明説明（） / ~~ 1. 該信號碟片⑽之精度係關係著該編碼器之準確 度，因此其在生產製作時必需以高精密之技術才能完成， 其製造成本相當高。 2. 又’產業界常因使用場合之不同 口〜1』，而必需使用不同 5解析度之編碼器，亦即必需有不同精度規格之信號碟片 (10)，致使其投入之生產成本相對較高， 3. 再者，習見利用訊號接收器（13)接收㈣與否來作 為識別所產生之二進位識別碼之光學式編碼器，其在實際 操作使用時容易受油污、水氣、灰塵等環境干擾，其抗環 10 境能力差。 再請參閱第四圖，係另-種利用感測元件接收信號與 否來作為識別其所產生之二進位識別碼之鼓狀式磁性絕對 位置編碼器之外觀立體示意圖，其結構係至少包括有磁鼓 (20)、轉動軸(21)與感測元件（22)，並利用射出之製程方式 15而於該磁鼓(20)之外層被覆一層磁性物質（2〇1),並於磁性 物質（201)上充磁有不同磁極數之磁極環（2〇2)(2〇3)(204) (205)，相異之磁極環(202)(203)(204)(205)問為一極間中性 區，而每圈磁極環（202)(203)(204)(205)均對應有感測元件 組(22)中之感測元件(23)，藉由感測元件組(22)之輸出訊號 20 而可識別判斷得知轉動裝置之位置。 至於上述利用感測元件接收信號與否來作為識別判斷 得知轉動裝置之位置之鼓狀式磁性絕對位置編碼器，其在 fi造及使用時所存在之缺失則為： 1.以此方式及原理所製成之鼓狀式磁性絕對位置編碼 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） ----------Ί-- (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂. 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印聚 CU65 夺五、發明説明（) 器結構中之磁性物質（201),係以射出之方式披覆於磁鼓 (20)之外層s因此其外圓表面必須精密研磨加工才得以符 合需求，故加工費時且費用高。 2.而其結構中之該磁極環的加工，以及該極間中性區 5 的加工，皆屬高精密度技術，加工不易而且成本高。 是以，本發明之主要目的在於提供一種磁性感應之座 標判知裝置及其方法，其為類比信號輸出，機構元件簡單， 加工製造容易，而能使成本相對降低，並相對提昇產業之 競爭力者。 10 本創作之次一目的則在於提供一種磁性感應之座標判 知裝置及其方法，其可由電子電路調整其編碼精度狀態， 藉以適用於多樣化編碼需求。 緣以達成上揭目的，本發明所提供之一種磁性感應之 座標判知裝置及其方法，主要係利用一移動件上具有磁性 15 物質移動經過依預定順序排列之數個設於固定件上之感測 器，同時將該磁性物質位在不同位置時、由該等感測器各 測得其磁通量，並由一電子電路予以逐點紀錄儲存於記憶 體内，·作為參考位置座標；藉此，當該磁性物質再度移經 該等感測器時，僅須讀取各該感測器所測得之磁通量，對 20 照儲存於記憶體中之紀錄，即可得知該磁性物質所在位置 之座標，進而可得知固接該磁性物質之運動件之絕對位置, 並隨著該運動件移動而輸出預定信號。 有關本發明之功用及特點，可由以下實施例配合圖式 之詳細說明而得以充分瞭解，其中： -5- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Μ規格（210X：297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 411654 A7 B7五、發明説明（） 第一圖係為一般絕對位置編碼器所輸出之二進位識別 碼波形圖； 第二圖係一種習用光學式絕對位置編碼器之裝置示意 圖； 5 第三圖係第二圖之習用光學式絕對位置編碼器之信號 碟片平面圖； 第四圖係一種習用之鼓狀式絕對位置編碼器之局部立 體示意圖； 第五圖係本發明一較佳實施例編碼器局部分解立體 10 圖； 第六圖係第五圖編碼器裝設於一殼體内之組合局部剖 視圖； 第七圖係一磁性元件通過一霍爾1C之相對位置狀態 示意·圖； 15 第八圖係為第七圖之霍爾1C感應磁場強度所輸出電 壓之波形圖； 第九圖係本發明一較佳實施例之電子電路之方塊示意 圖；- 第十圖係本發明一較佳實施例之電子電路結構示意 20 圖； 第十一圖係本發明一較佳實施例中取樣點數1〇〇點之 資料索引表；以及 第十二圖係以第十圖之資料對應各該感測器所形成之 波形圖。 -6- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標率（CNS ) A4g ( 2丨0X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 411654 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印繁 五、發明説明（） - 如第五、六圖所示，為本發明之一可行座標判知裝置 實施例，係應用以轉軸轉動角度位置之量測<該編碼器主 要構件包括一固定件（30), —電子電路（4〇), —運動件（50) 及一殼體(60)。 5 該固定件（30)係固定於該殼體（60)内，亦即相對於殼 體（60)不移動，其上設有四只感測器（31)(即31a，31b，31c, 3 ld)，該等感測器（31)係一種能感測磁場強度並將其轉換 為電塵信號之感測元件，一般常見為霍爾IC(Hall 1C)或是 MR Sensor;本實施例中係採用霍爾ic。該固定件（30)較 10 佳的作法即是作成一電路板，該電路板上設有該電子電路 (40)得以直接連接該等感測器（31)。 該電子電路（40)亦係設於該固定件（30)上，第九圖所 示者，即為該電路(40)之方塊示意圖，諸電路(40)包含有一 輸入單元(41)、一 ADC(類比轉數位）單元(43)、一運算單 15 元（45)、以及一輸出電路(47)，該電路(40)之詳細結構則如 第十圖所示。其中，該輸入單元（41)係與各該感測器（31) 連接，用以將各該感測器（3 I)所測得信號作適當的增益放 大，以使其信號能符合下一級的輸入規格；該ADC單元 (43)與該運算單元(45)係整合於一處理器（49)中，該ADC 20 單元(43)係用以將該感測器（31)所感測到的類比信號轉為 數位信號，且該ADC單元(43)之解析度（Bit數）可決定轉 換信號精度；該運算單元(45)則用來將該ADC單元(43)所 轉換出之信號加以運算、判斷及比較，並與系統内建之一 索引表座標作比較，藉以得到一相對之位置值；該輸出電 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4规格（210X 297公釐） ----------------.W------鎳.l· (請先閲讀t-面之注P事項再填寫本k) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裂 «1654_ b — u1 五、發明説明（） --- 路(47)係用以將該運算單元(45)所比較得到之位置值經電 路輸出，而轉為一符合連接介面伶缺 該運動綱主要包括1形:：)及一一 該轉盤(51)為類似-小飛輪，可以—片或多片構成使其圓 5周上適當位置得設有一磁性物質（53);該磁性物質⑼具 有N-S極，得以是-後入式永久磁鐵，或以披覆或局部著 磁等方式而使該轉盤(51)之圓周上具有_ Ns磁區，該磁 區大小可依編碼器之設計需求而決定。 該殼體（60)包括一具有下凹空間之固定座（61)及一蓋 1〇板（62);該固定座（61)内供固定該固定件（3〇)，該蓋板(62) 中央設有一軸承(63)以樞接該運動件（5〇)之轉軸(52)，使該 轉盤(51)可位於該殼體(60)内相對於該固定件(3〇)轉動且 該磁性物質（53)(N-S磁區）與該等感測元件(31)間保持一適 當間襁而作相對移動。 15 該編碼器使用時，該殼體(60)固定不動，該轉軸(52)被 外力帶動而轉動，則使該磁性物質（53)移動依序通過各該 感測元件（31)之表面，各該感測元件（31)得以隨時感測該 磁性物質（53)之磁場而測得一電壓值，且其電壓值隨該磁 性物質（53)所在位置不同而明顯差異》 20 有關本發明磁性感應之座標判知裝置，其方法及原理 說明如下： I 首先，請參閱第七、八圖，其係顯示磁性物質（53)相411654 A7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs B7 V. Description of the Invention ()-The present invention relates to a device and method for determining the coordinates of magnetic induction, especially a method for measuring the magnetic flux by inducing magnetic substances An arbitrary position encoding method can be obtained, which can be widely used in general rotation or linear movement measurement. 5 Press. As far as the prior art knows, the method generally used to detect the absolute position of a rotating device such as a motor or a mechanical shaft is provided with an encoder on the shaft. The encoder senses a group of pairs by a set of sensing elements. The binary identifier of the position, as shown in the first figure. In order to generate such an absolute position binary identification code, the conventional method is to use an optical absolute position encoder and a drum-shaped 10-type absolute position encoder. The methods and principles of both are based on the use of a sensor element (0 ) And the action of (1) is a signal, and a binary identification code is generated, and then the position of the rotating device is obtained after being interpreted. As shown in the second figure, the structure of the conventional optical absolute position encoder includes a signal disc (10), an optical aperture medium (11), a light-emitting diode 15 (12), and a signal receiver ( 13) and a rotating shaft (14), etc., which are mainly provided on the signal disc (10) with a plurality of alternating ring-shaped penetrating portions (101) and solid portions (102) ( (Refer to the third figure); the principle and method are: when the light emitting diode (12) irradiates the signal disc (10), the solid part (102) and the penetration part (101) make the Some of the 20 lines of light can pass through, and some of the light is blocked, so that the light of the light emitting diode (12) can be received by the signal receiver (13) and pass through the binary identification code. Obtain the position of the rotating device after detection. However, the above-mentioned optical encoders that use the signal receiver (13) to receive signals or not have the following shortcomings in their manufacture and use: -3- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (2ί297 × 297 mm) Printed by the Beige Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 411 654 5. Description of the invention () / ~ 1. 1. The accuracy of the signal disc ⑽ It is related to the accuracy of the encoder, so it must be completed with high-precision technology during production, and its manufacturing cost is quite high. 2. Also, 'industrial industry often uses encoders with different resolutions due to different applications ~ 1', that is, signal discs (10) with different accuracy specifications must be used, resulting in relatively low production costs. High, 3. Furthermore, it is common practice to use the signal receiver (13) to receive ㈣ or not as an optical encoder generated by the identification of the binary identification code, which is susceptible to oil, water, and dust during practical use Such as environmental interference, its anti-environmental capability is poor. Please refer to the fourth figure again, which is another three-dimensional schematic diagram of the appearance of a drum-shaped magnetic absolute position encoder that uses the sensing element to receive a signal as a recognition of the binary identification code generated by it. The structure includes at least The magnetic drum (20), the rotating shaft (21), and the sensing element (22) are coated with a magnetic substance (201) on the outer layer of the magnetic drum (20) by using the injection process method 15. (201) Magnetic pole rings with different numbers of magnetic poles are magnetized (202) (203) (204) (205). Different magnetic pole rings (202) (203) (204) (205) are asked as one The neutral region between poles, and each turn of the magnetic pole ring (202), 203, 204, and 205 corresponds to a sensing element (23) in the sensing element group (22), and the sensing element group (22) ) Output signal 20 to identify and determine the position of the rotating device. As for the above-mentioned drum-shaped magnetic absolute position encoder that uses the sensing element to receive a signal as a recognition to determine the position of the rotating device, the defects existing in the manufacture and use of the fi are: 1. In this way and The drum-shaped magnetic absolute position code made by the principle The paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ---------- Ί-- (Read the precautions on the back before reading Please fill in this page again) Order. CU65 printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China 5. The description of the invention () The magnetic substance (201) in the device structure is coated on the outer layer of the magnetic drum (20) by injection Therefore, its external surface must be precisely ground to meet the requirements, so the processing is time-consuming and expensive. 2. The processing of the magnetic pole ring in the structure and the processing of the neutral region 5 between the poles are high-precision technologies, which are not easy to process and costly. Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic induction coordinate determination device and method thereof, which are analog signal output, simple mechanism components, easy processing and manufacturing, can relatively reduce costs, and relatively improve the competitiveness of the industry By. 10 The second purpose of this creation is to provide a magnetic induction coordinate determination device and method, which can adjust the state of coding accuracy by electronic circuits, thereby being suitable for diverse coding needs. In order to achieve the purpose of disclosure, a magnetic induction coordinate determining device and method provided by the present invention mainly use a magnetic member on a moving member to move through a plurality of substances arranged in a predetermined order on a fixed member. When the magnetic substance is located at different positions, the magnetic flux of each of the sensors is measured, and a point-by-point record is stored in the memory by an electronic circuit as a reference position coordinate; When the magnetic substance moves through the sensors again, you only need to read the magnetic flux measured by each sensor, and you can know the location of the magnetic substance by storing 20 photos in the memory. The coordinates of the moving object can be used to know the absolute position of the moving part to which the magnetic substance is fixed, and output a predetermined signal as the moving part moves. The functions and features of the present invention can be fully understood by the following examples with detailed description of the drawings, where: -5- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS ) M specifications (210X: 297 mm) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 411654 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention () The first picture is the waveform of the binary identification code output by the general absolute position encoder; The second picture is a schematic diagram of a conventional optical absolute position encoder device. The third picture is a plan view of the signal disc of the conventional optical absolute position encoder in the second picture. The fourth picture is a conventional drum absolute position encoder. Partial perspective diagram of the device; The fifth figure is a partially exploded three-dimensional view of the encoder according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the sixth figure is a partial partial sectional view of the fifth figure where the encoder is installed in a casing; the seventh figure is A schematic diagram of the relative position of a magnetic element passing through a Hall 1C; 15 The eighth diagram is a wave of the voltage output by the Hall 1C induced magnetic field strength in the seventh diagram The ninth diagram is a schematic block diagram of an electronic circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the tenth diagram is a schematic diagram of the electronic circuit structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the eleventh diagram is a preferred embodiment of the present invention; The data index table with 100 sampling points in the embodiment; and the twelfth figure is a waveform chart corresponding to each sensor with the data of the tenth figure. -6- This paper size is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4g (2 丨 0X297mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 411654 A7 B7 Printed by the Bayer Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Description of the invention ()-As shown in Figures 5 and 6, it is an embodiment of a feasible coordinate determining device according to the present invention, which uses the measurement of the rotational angle position of the rotating shaft < The main component of the encoder includes a fixed part ( 30),-electronic circuit (40),-moving part (50) and a casing (60). 5 The fixing member (30) is fixed in the casing (60), that is, it does not move relative to the casing (60), and there are four sensors (31) (ie 31a, 31b, 31c, 3 ld), these sensors (31) are a kind of sensing element that can sense the intensity of magnetic field and convert it into an electric dust signal, which is usually a Hall IC (Hall 1C) or MR Sensor; this embodiment The middle system uses Hall ic. A better method of the fixing member (30) than that is to make a circuit board. The circuit board is provided with the electronic circuit (40) to directly connect the sensors (31). The electronic circuit (40) is also provided on the fixed piece (30). The one shown in the ninth figure is a block diagram of the circuit (40). The circuits (40) include an input unit (41), a ADC (analog to digital) unit (43), an operation unit 15 yuan (45), and an output circuit (47), the detailed structure of the circuit (40) is shown in the tenth figure. The input unit (41) is connected to each of the sensors (31), and is used to appropriately amplify the signals measured by each of the sensors (3 I) so that the signals can meet the next level. Input specifications; the ADC unit (43) and the operation unit (45) are integrated into a processor (49), and the ADC 20 unit (43) is used to sense the sensor (31) The analog signal is converted into a digital signal, and the resolution (Bit number) of the ADC unit (43) can determine the accuracy of the converted signal; the operation unit (45) is used to calculate the signal converted by the ADC unit (43) , Judge and compare, and compare with the coordinates of one of the built-in index tables in the system to get a relative position value; the output paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) --- -------------. W ------ nickel.l · (please read the note P on t-face before filling out this k) Split «1654_ b — u1 V. Description of the invention () --- The path (47) is used to output the position value obtained by comparing the operation unit (45) with a circuit and turn it into a The interface is lacking. The outline of the movement mainly includes 1 shape: :) and the turntable (51) is similar to a small flywheel, which can be made of one or more pieces so that a magnetic substance (53 ); The magnetic substance ⑼ has NS poles, so that it can be-a rear-entry permanent magnet, or by covering or partially magnetizing, so that the turntable (51) has a _ Ns magnetic zone on the circumference. The size of the magnetic zone can be It depends on the design requirements of the encoder. The casing (60) includes a fixing base (61) with a recessed space and a cover 10 plate (62); the fixing base (61) is used for fixing the fixing member (30), and the cover plate (62) ) A bearing (63) is provided in the center to pivotally connect the rotating shaft (52) of the moving member (50), so that the turntable (51) can be located in the casing (60) to rotate relative to the fixing member (30) and A relative distance is maintained between the magnetic substance (53) (NS magnetic zone) and the sensing elements (31) for relative movement. 15 When the encoder is used, the housing (60) is fixed, and the rotating shaft (52) is driven by external force to rotate, so that the magnetic substance (53) moves sequentially through the surface of each of the sensing elements (31), Each of the sensing elements (31) can sense a magnetic field of the magnetic substance (53) at any time to measure a voltage value, and the voltage value of the sensing element (31) is significantly different depending on the position of the magnetic substance (53). The method and principle of the inductive coordinate judging device are described as follows: I First, please refer to Figures 7 and 8 for the magnetic substance (53) phase.
對於感測器（31)移動所感測磁場變化之波形變化分析圖; 由磁鐵的N-S極結構特性得知，磁鐵的磁力線方向是由S -8- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (讀先閲讀f'面之注意事項再填寫本頁〕 訂 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印«. 411654 五、發明説明（） 極到N極，如此當磁鐵(磁性物質（53))的.中央處與Hall感 應器（31)的中心位置重疊時，其磁鐵(53)之N磁場=S磁場， 因此Hall感測器（3 1)之輸出電壓信號為0; 當磁鐵（53)往右移到A點時，N磁場增加，S磁場減弱， 5 Hall感測器（31)所輸出之電壓信號為+V1; 當磁鐵(53)往右移到B點時，N磁場再增加，S磁場相 對減弱，Hall感測器(31)輸出之電壓信號為+V2; 依此類推，當磁鐵（53)移到C、D、E、F、G、H、I、The analysis chart of the waveform change of the magnetic field change detected by the movement of the sensor (31); according to the NS pole structure characteristics of the magnet, the direction of the magnetic field lines of the magnet is S -8- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Read the precautions on the f 'side first, then fill out this page) Order the consumer cooperation agreement of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China Du Yin «. 411654 V. Description of the invention () pole to N pole, so when the magnet (magnetic Substance (53)). When the central position overlaps with the center position of Hall sensor (31), the N magnetic field of its magnet (53) = S magnetic field, so the output voltage signal of Hall sensor (3 1) is 0; When the magnet (53) moves to the right to point A, the N magnetic field increases and the S magnetic field weakens. The voltage signal output by the 5 Hall sensor (31) is + V1; when the magnet (53) moves to the right to point B The magnetic field of N increases again and the magnetic field of S decreases relatively. The voltage signal output by the Hall sensor (31) is + V2; and so on, when the magnet (53) moves to C, D, E, F, G, H, I ,
Jf、K各點係逐漸增強再減弱之波形變化。Hall感測器(31) 10 輸出之電壓信號分別為V3、V4、V5、V6、V7、V8、V9、 V10 、 VII 。 同理，當磁鐵（53)中央處與Hall感測器(31)的中心重 疊處往左移時(·Α到-K)其各點的電壓輸出信號值為（-V1到 -VII)。 15 從以上之原理說明得知，該Hall感測器（31)在感應範 圍輸出信號為類比信號，其輸出電壓信號會隨著磁鐵(53) 移動軌道位置的不同而改變。因此，每一編碼器將磁鐵（53) 在各個位置所對應之電壓信號預先紀錄下來，儲存於記憶 體内，則該編碼器使用時，即可由各該電路所測得電壓信 20 號數值反推測得該磁鐵（53)之所在位置。惟，由第七、八 圖可知，在測得相同的電壓值下，可能對應出二不同之磁 鐵位置而會造成磁鐵位置的誤判；故，上述實施例以環狀 排列之四感測器（31)同時感測該磁性物質（53)之磁通量，再 將該等感測器（31)所產生的電壓信號比對該索引表，即可 -9- 本紙張尺度適用中國固家標準（CNS ) ΑΊϋ格（2丨0X297公釐） II 訂 (請先閲讀f面之ίϊ.意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作杜印製 ___ 411G54 b7 五3明説明1 ) — 避免單-感測器可能發生的誤判狀況，進而判斷出該磁性 物質（53)之正確位置。第十一圖所示者，即為該磁性物質 (53)旋經-周，各該感測器(31)所測得之數值，其取樣點數 為100點之資料索引表；而各該感測器（31)尉應之教值所 5形成之圖形係如第十二圖所示，藉‘此提供一參考位置之座 標。 至於本發明之電路動作說明如下： 當感測器將信號輸出送達該輸入單元（41)後，該輸入 單元(41)即將信號予以適當放大，並送到該ADC(43)單元， 10該ADC(43)單元將原感測器（31)的類比信號轉為數位信號 之後，再送到該運算單元（45)，將數位信號和記憶體内建 之索引表位置座標資料作比較，當找到相同的資料時，即 將相對的位置給取出之後再送達該輸出電路如此即冗成 信號偵測及轉換之動作。 15 此外，將類比信號轉換為數位信號尚有一解析度上之 問題，當解析度低時表示轉換後所得到之位置值和原來實 際值相比誤差會較大，亦即表示精度較低；而當解析度蟓 高時，則表示誤差較小，精度較高；所以本發明可視實際 上之需求而決定電路之解析度以符合多種等級之精度使用； 20換言之，本發明在建立系統内之索引表時，單位長度内的 取樣點數愈多，解析度愈高；此特性應用在製造睛只須調 整取樣點數之多寡，即可調整解析度。相較於前揭習用之 編碼器而言，本發明無須另吁開模製造不同規格之信號碟 片，亦無須極精密的技術，又不會受到灰塵、水氣的千擾， -10- 本紙張尺度遥用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） — -II —II I 采 —II 訂—— —# (祷先tt-面之注f事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央樣隼局貝工消費合作社印策 411654_B7_五、發明説明（） - 相較之下，本發明實可大大的降低製造成本，符合於製造 者及使用者均有相當大功效增進。 由上可歸納出本發明之編碼方法為： 1. 先將該磁性物質（53)移動經過依預定順序排列之各 5 該感測器（31)。 2. 再以一電子電路（40)依照所需要之解析度，逐點紀 錄該磁性物質（53)在不同位置時，由各該感測器（31)所測 得測得感測電壓之數據，並以該等數據來建立索引表儲存 於記憶體内，作為一參考位置座標。 10 3.欲測量該磁性物質（53)之位置時，僅須讀取各該感 測器（31)之數據，再對照該索引表的預存資料，即可得到 該磁性物質（53)之位置；換言之，該運動件（50)之位置可由 該磁性物質（5 3)相對於各感測器（31)之位置而可以判讀出 來。. 15 此外，本發明之實施狀態並不限於該磁性物質（5 3)作 旋轉運動之轉動角度偵測，當測量之物體（移動件上設有該 磁性物質（53))係作直線運動狀態，則各該等感測器（31)係 相鄭排成一直列，與第六圖位置圖相似，即可藉由上述之 方法來判斷出該移動件之位置。同理，曲線或不規則之幾 20 何線形軌道移動路線亦可藉由本方法來測出該物體之位 置。 值得一提的是，若要增加該感測器（31)之感測範圍時, 可在該磁性物質（53)移動的軌道旁邊適當位置處增加該感 測器（31)之數量，即能達到此目的；再且該儲存於記憶體 -11- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜中製 A7__411654_E_五、發明説明（） … 中之位置索引數據資料，得由電路依需要作更新校正。 综上所述，本發明之編碼方法係與習用編碼器之編碼 方式完全不同，巧妙的利用了磁性物質與霍爾1C間之互 動關係來達到編碼的目地，實為一具有高度思想之創作， 5 且其可大大的簡化編碼器之製造成本，無需高度之技術即 可使用本方法，成本亦更為降低，再者，本發明可調整解 析度，可適用於不同之需求，其遠較習用編碼器需另行製 造信號碟片者更為節省成本。此外，本發明製作編碼器較 不易受到水氣、灰塵等環境干擾，其抗環境能力極佳；是 10 故，本發明自已合乎於發明專利要件，析請貴審查委員 撥冗詳為審查，並早曰賜准專利為禱。 (請先閱讀ΐ·面之注7r事項再填寫本頁) -tr. -12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨0X297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 411654_B7_五、發明説明（） 圖式簡單說明：. 第一圖係為一般絕對位置編碼器所輸出之二進位識別 碼波形圖； 第二圖係一種習用光學式絕對位置編碼器之裝置示意 5 圖； 第三圖係第二圖之習用光學式絕對位置編碼器之信號 碟片平面圖； 第四圖係一種習用之鼓狀式絕對位置編碼器之局部立 體示意圖； 10 第五圖係本發明一較佳實施例編碼器局部分解立體 圖； 第六圖係第五圖編碼器裝設於一殼體内之組合局部剖 視圖； •第七圖係一磁性元件通過一霍爾1C之相對位置狀態 15 示意圖； 第八圖係為第七圖之霍爾1C感應磁場強度所輸出電 壓之波形圖； 第九圖係本發明一較佳實施例之電子電路之方塊示意 圖； 20 第十圖係本發明一較佳實施例之電子電路結構示意 圖； 第十一圖係本發明一較佳實施例中取樣點數100點之 資料索引表；以及 第十二圖係以第十圖之資料對應各該感測器所形成之 -13- (請先閱讀^'面之注。意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標隼（CNS ) Ad規格（210X297公釐> 411654五、發明説明（ A7 B7 波形圖 圖號說明部份： (30)固定件 (40)電子電路 (43)ADC(類比/數位）單元 (47)輸出電路 (50)運動件 (52)轉軸 (60)殼體 (62)蓋板 (31)感測器 (41)輸入單元 (45)運算單元 (49)處理器 (51)圓形轉盤 (53)磁性物質（磁鐵） (61)固定座 (63)軸承 (請先閱象膂面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 锛！ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 -14- 本紙張尺度適用中固國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210><297公釐）Each point of Jf and K is a waveform change that gradually increases and then weakens. The voltage signals output by the Hall sensor (31) 10 are V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8, V9, V10, VII. Similarly, when the center of the magnet (53) overlaps with the center of the Hall sensor (31) and moves to the left (· A to -K), the voltage output signal value of each point is (-V1 to -VII). 15 It is known from the above principle description that the output signal of the Hall sensor (31) in the sensing range is an analog signal, and the output voltage signal of the Hall sensor (31) will change with the movement of the magnet (53). Therefore, each encoder records the voltage signal corresponding to the magnet (53) at various positions in advance and stores it in the memory. When the encoder is used, the value of the voltage signal No. 20 measured by each circuit can be inverted. The position of the magnet (53) is estimated. However, it can be seen from the seventh and eighth figures that under the same voltage value, two different magnet positions may be correspondingly caused to cause a misjudgment of the magnet position; therefore, the four sensors in the above embodiment are arranged in a ring shape ( 31) Sense the magnetic flux of the magnetic substance (53) at the same time, and then compare the voltage signal generated by these sensors (31) with the index table. ) ΑΊϋ 格 （2 丨 0X297mm） Order II (please read the first notice on f and then fill out this page) Printed by Shellfish Consumer Cooperation Department of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 411G54 b7 5 3 Instructions 1) — Avoid the misjudgment of the single-sensor, and then determine the correct position of the magnetic substance (53). The one shown in Figure 11 is the data index table of the magnetic substance (53) spin-circle, the value measured by each sensor (31), and the number of sampling points is 100 points; The figure formed by the sensor (31) Wei Ying's teaching value 5 is as shown in the twelfth figure, so as to provide a reference position coordinate. The circuit operation of the present invention is described as follows: After the sensor sends the signal output to the input unit (41), the input unit (41) will appropriately amplify the signal and send it to the ADC (43) unit, 10 the ADC (43) The unit converts the analog signal of the original sensor (31) into a digital signal, and then sends it to the arithmetic unit (45) to compare the digital signal with the position coordinate data of the index table built in the memory. When the same is found, When the data is taken, the relative position is taken out and then sent to the output circuit, so that the signal detection and conversion operation is redundant. 15 In addition, there is still a resolution problem in converting analog signals into digital signals. When the resolution is low, it means that the position value obtained after conversion is larger than the original actual value, which means that the accuracy is low; and When the resolution is high, it means that the error is small and the accuracy is high; so the present invention can determine the resolution of the circuit to meet the requirements of multiple levels of accuracy according to actual needs; 20 In other words, the present invention establishes an index in the system When the table is displayed, the more the number of sampling points in the unit length, the higher the resolution; this feature is applied to manufacturing eyes. Just adjust the number of sampling points to adjust the resolution. Compared with the encoder used in the previous study, the present invention does not need to call for additional molds to manufacture signal discs of different specifications, nor does it require extremely precise technology, and is not affected by the disturbance of dust and water vapor. The paper standard uses the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) — -II —II I adopt —II order — — # (Pray first tt-Notes on the side before filling out this page) Central sample of the Ministry of Economic Affairs隼 局 Shellfisher Consumer Cooperatives Printing Co., Ltd. 411654_B7_ V. Description of the Invention ()-In comparison, the present invention can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost, which is in line with the considerable improvement of the effectiveness of both the manufacturer and the user. The coding method of the present invention can be summarized from the above: 1. The magnetic substance (53) is first moved through each of the 5 sensors (31) arranged in a predetermined order. 2. According to the required resolution, an electronic circuit (40) is used to record point by point the data of the measured voltage measured by each sensor (31) when the magnetic substance (53) is at different positions. An index table is created with the data and stored in the memory as a reference position coordinate. 10 3. When you want to measure the position of the magnetic substance (53), you only need to read the data of each sensor (31), and then compare the pre-stored data of the index table to get the position of the magnetic substance (53). In other words, the position of the moving member (50) can be determined from the position of the magnetic substance (53) relative to each sensor (31). 15 In addition, the implementation status of the present invention is not limited to the detection of the rotation angle of the magnetic substance (5 3). When the measured object (the magnetic substance (53) is provided on the moving part) is in a linear motion state Then, each of these sensors (31) is aligned in a straight line, similar to the position diagram of the sixth figure, and the position of the moving part can be determined by the above method. In the same way, the position of the object can also be measured by this method with curved or irregular geometric orbits. It is worth mentioning that, if the sensing range of the sensor (31) is to be increased, the number of the sensors (31) can be increased at an appropriate position beside the track where the magnetic substance (53) moves, so that Achieve this purpose; and it should be stored in memory-11- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) This paper size applies to China National Standards (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Employee consumption cooperation Du Zhong system A7__411654_E_ V. The location index data in the description of the invention ()… can be updated and corrected by the circuit as needed. In summary, the encoding method of the present invention is completely different from the encoding method of a conventional encoder. It cleverly uses the interactive relationship between magnetic substances and Hall 1C to achieve the purpose of encoding, which is a highly thoughtful creation. 5 Moreover, it can greatly simplify the manufacturing cost of the encoder. This method can be used without a high level of technology, and the cost is further reduced. Furthermore, the invention can adjust the resolution and can be applied to different needs, which is far more conventional. Encoders need to manufacture signal discs more cost-effectively. In addition, the encoder produced by the present invention is less susceptible to environmental interference such as water vapor and dust, and its environmental resistance is very good; it is 10, so the present invention itself meets the requirements of the invention patent. Praying for granting a quasi-patent. (Please read the note 7r of ΐ · Mian before filling out this page) -tr. -12- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 0X297 mm) Printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs System 411654_B7_ V. Description of the invention () Brief description of the diagram: The first diagram is a waveform diagram of the binary identification code output by a general absolute position encoder; the second diagram is a schematic diagram of a conventional optical absolute position encoder device Figure 5; Figure 3 is a plan view of a signal disc of a conventional optical absolute position encoder of Figure 2; Figure 4 is a partial perspective view of a conventional drum-type absolute position encoder; 10 Figure 5 is the present invention A partially exploded perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the encoder; the sixth diagram is a partial sectional view of the fifth diagram in which the encoder is installed in a housing; the seventh diagram is a relative position of a magnetic element passing a Hall 1C 15 The eighth diagram is a waveform diagram of the voltage output by the Hall 1C induced magnetic field strength of the seventh diagram; the ninth diagram is a block diagram of an electronic circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; The figure is a schematic diagram of the electronic circuit structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the eleventh figure is a data index table with 100 sampling points in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and the twelfth figure is based on the data of the tenth figure Corresponds to each of the sensors formed -13- (Please read the ^ 'side note. Please fill in this page before the matter) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Ad specifications (210X297 mm > 411654) 2. Description of the invention (A7 B7 waveform diagram, figure number, explanation part: (30) fixed parts (40) electronic circuits (43) ADC (analog / digital) unit (47) output circuits (50) moving parts (52) rotating shafts (60 ) Housing (62) Cover (31) Sensor (41) Input unit (45) Computing unit (49) Processor (51) Round turntable (53) Magnetic substance (magnet) (61) Fixing base (63 ) Bearings (please read the precautions on the elephant's side before filling out this page) Order! Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -14- This paper size applies to the China National Solid Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 > < 297 mm)