TW411303B - Abrasive article for providing a clear surface finish on glass - Google Patents

Abstract

An abrasive article is provided which comprises a backing; and at least one three-dimensional abrasive coating comprising diamond particles dispersed within a binder bonded to a surface of the backing, the binder comprising a cured binder precursor including a urethane acrylate oligomer. The abrasive article is capable of rapid glass stock removal coupled with reducing the surface finish as indicated by reduced Ra values using an RPP test procedure.

Description

411.303 a? _______B7 V. INTRODUCTION TO THE INVENTION (1) ^ Γ BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a friction object for polishing and breaking glass, and a type of object using this object. method. Discussion of related technologies _ Glass objects are widely used in homes, offices and factories in the form of lenses, lenses, mirrors, CRT screens and other products. Many of these glass surfaces are used in optical components, which require that the surface be optically transparent and free from visible defects and / or disadvantages. If present, the defects, shortcomings, and even minor scratches of this temple may inhibit the optical transparency of broken glass objects. In some cases, these defects, defects, and / or tiny scratches may inhibit the ability to see through glass properly. Therefore, it is generally expected that the glass surface is substantially free of any defects, defects, and / or scratches. Many broken glass components are curved or contain a radius associated with them. These radii and curves are usually produced in glass forming methods. However, as a result of the glass forming method, some defects, such as mold lines, rough surfaces, small dots, and other small defects, may exist on the outer surface of the glass. However, although these defects and / or disadvantages are small, they tend to affect the optical transparency of glass. Friction methods have been widely used to remove such defects and / or defects. Friction methods typically fall into three main categories: Grinding, Fine Grinding, and Polishing β Grinding steps are performed by rough grinding glass components using abrasive tools to further perfect the desired curve or radius and remove any casting defects. Typically, this abrasive tool contains super-hard abrasive particles, such as diamond, carbonized carbon, or Li —_.__.... —____________- 4 -____ < Zhang scales are applicable to China National Standards (CNS) Α4 specifications (2! 〇χ297mm) ~~ — ~~~ (Please read the note on the back, and then ^ this page) ❿

11T > Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards, Yanji Ministry of Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives " 411303 Α7 _________ Β7 5. Description of the Invention (2) Boron Nitride. The resulting broken glass surface often has approximately the required curvature. However, the abrasive tool in this rough grinding procedure will give rough scratches in the glass surface ', so the glass surface formed is neither precise enough nor smooth enough to be polished directly into an optically transparent state. The second step is called fine grinding. The purpose of the fine grinding step is to refine the coarse scratches produced by the coarse grinding process. -In general, the fine grinding procedure ^ will remove deep scratches from rough grinding and provide a substantially smooth but non-bright surface. This fine grinding procedure should also cause the rough scratches to be removed sufficiently so that the broken glass surface can be polished to an optically transparent surface. If the fine grinding procedure does not remove all coarse scratches, it may be extremely difficult for the polishing step to remove these scratches, making it jealous to obtain an optically transparent surface. & This fine grinding procedure is typically performed with a loose abrasive slurry. Loose abrasive slurry contains many abrasive particles dispersed in a liquid medium such as water. The most commonly used abrasive particles for loose bulk are pumice stones, carbon cuts, and oxide cuts. The loose abrasive slurry may contain other additives, such as agents and lubricants. In some cases, the bulk liquid of the loose abrasive is pumped between the glass workpiece and the grinding pad, so that the loose abrasive slurry exists in the Between the glass workpiece and the grinding pad. The abrasive pad can be made of any material, such as rubber, foam, polymer material, metal, steel, and the like. Typically, both the glass workpiece and the abrasive pad will rotate relative to each other. This fine grinding procedure typically includes one or more steps, each of which produces a progressively finer surface luminosity on the broken glass workpiece. Finer surface luminosity can be achieved by a variety of methods, including sharp abrasive particles, smaller particles ’softer abrasive crumb material and / or different machine conditions. Fine grinding here (Please read the precautions on the back before this page}

411303 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) The surface luminosity of the optical components after the printing process by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is typically about 0.06 to 0.13 microns (Ra) and / or Rtm in any position. More than about 0.30 to 0.90 microns. The roughness of the surface is typically due to a cut or a pattern of the cut, which is visible or invisible to the naked eye. A scratch pattern can be defined as a series of peaks and troughs along the surface. Rtm and Ra are general measurement methods of roughness used in the abrasive industry. However, the actual measurement procedure may vary depending on the type of equipment used in surface roughness evaluation. The Rtm and Ra measurements used in this article are based on the procedures of the Rank Taylor Hobson (Leicester, England) surface photometer, which can be obtained under the trademark name SURTRONIC 3. "Ra is defined as the surface roughness distribution form and the average on the surface. The average roughness of the arithmetic mean of the line deviations is high. Measurements were taken at points above and below the average line on the surface within the evaluation length set by the Rank Taylor Hobson instrument. Ra and Rtm (defined below) are measured with surface photometer probes, which are diamond-terminated recording pins with a radius of 5 micrometers, and the results are recorded in micrometers (m). Add these deviation measures together and divide by the number of measurements to reach the average. In general, the lower Ra 値, the smoother the finish. The RT system is defined as the maximum peak-to-valley height. Rtm is the average 度量 measured over five consecutive evaluation lengths of the maximum peak to trough height in each evaluation length. In general, the lower the Rtm 値, the smoother the finish. When measuring the same final glass surface on commercially available surface photometers of different brands, slight deviations in Ra and Rtm may occur but may not necessarily occur. The third step of the overall method is the polishing step, which is performed on glass objects. 6- This paper size is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm). Please read the note of ΐτ to forget it.

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41130S A 7 ___________B7 V. Description of the invention (4) Produce a smoother optically transparent surface. In many cases, this polishing step is performed with loose abrasive abrasive fluids, as the dew slurry typically provides a way to create an optically transparent surface that is substantially free of any defects' disadvantages and / or tiny scratches. Typically, a loose abrasive slurry contains oxidized honing abrasive particles dispersed in water. Although loose abrasive slurry is widely used in fine grinding and polishing steps to provide optically transparent surface luminosity on glass objects, loose abrasive slurry has many associated disadvantages. These disadvantages include the large volume of liquid required for inconvenient handling, the stirring required to prevent the sedimentation of abrasive particles and the uniform concentration of abrasive particles at the polishing interface, and the need for other equipment to prepare 'treatment and disposal or recycling, and Recycle the loose abrasive slurry. In addition, the slurry itself must be analyzed periodically to ensure its quality and dispersion stability, which requires additional cost of man-hours. Furthermore, pumping heads, valves, feed lines, grinding tools, and other parts of the slurry supply equipment that come into contact with the loose abrasive slurry ' all eventually show unwanted wear. Furthermore, the procedure for using the slurry is usually very messy, because the loose abrasive slurry is a thick liquid, which is easy to splash and difficult to contain. Yin Fan, a staff consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, understands that an attempt has been made to replace the loose abrasive slurry fine grinding and polishing steps with overlapping coated abrasives' and has achieved some degree of success. Generally speaking, an overcoated abrasive system includes a backing having an abrasive coating adhered thereto. This abrasive coating contains a number of abrasive particles dispersed in a binder β. For example, U.S. Patent 4,255,164 (Butzke et al.), 4,576,612 (Shukla et al.) '4,733,502 (Braun) and European Patent Application 650,803 disclose various abrasive objects With polishing method. Other reference materials stating overlapping coated abrasive objects. This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 mm) 41130S A7 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) Including US patent 4,644,7〇3 and others ), 4 773 92〇 et al.) And 5,014,468 (Ravipati et al.) ^ However, the superimposed coated abrasives have not completely replaced the loose abrasive slurry. In some cases, superimposed coated abrasives do not provide a surface that is optically transparent and substantially free of defects, disadvantages, and minute scratches. In other cases, overlapping coated abrasives take longer to polish glass objects, so using a loose abrasive slurry is more cost effective. Likewise, in some cases, the life of overlapping coated abrasives is not long enough to justify the higher costs associated with overlapping coated abrasives compared to loose abrasive slurry. Therefore, in some cases, overlapping coated abrasives are not as economically satisfactory as loose abrasive slurry. Needed by the glass industry, it is an abrasive object that does not show the disadvantages associated with loose abrasive slurry, but it can effectively and economically polish the glass surface in a reasonable time to become optically transparent, so that the glass surface is basically free of defects , Defects and / or scratches. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One aspect of the present invention is directed to an abrasive object for polishing a glass-breaking workpiece. The abrasive article includes a backing and at least one three-dimensional abrasive coating, which preferably comprises diamond particles dispersed in a binder and adheres to the surface of the backing. The at least one secondary abrasive coating preferably comprises a plurality of abrasive composites. The many abrasive composites may be precision-formed composites, irregularly-shaped composites, or precision-formed composites including a substantially truncated pyramid shape with a flat top. The precision-molded composite preferably has a bottom portion that defines a surface area that is not more than 60% larger than the top portion. -8-Is this paper size applicable? National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (2 丨 OXM? Gongchu) (Please read the notes on the back before this page) _ this book > 1_ printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 411303 5 2. Description of the invention (6) The best system is not more than 40%, and the best system is not more than 20%. t read first s read the tears on the back, and then read this page) The adhesive is preferably made from the precursor of the adhesive, including ethylene-based unsaturated resins' such as acrylic resins. More preferred precursors of this binder include urethane acetonate oligomers, ethyl ethylenically unsaturated monomers, and blends thereof. The ethylenically unsaturated monomer is preferably selected from a monofunctional acrylate monomer, a bifunctional acrylate monomer, a 'trifunctional acrylate monomer, and a mixture thereof. The binder precursor preferably includes a urethane acrylate monomer in an amount of about 30 parts by weight to about 70 parts by weight, and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an amount of about 70 parts by weight Up to about 30 parts by weight, more preferably about 34 parts by weight to about 65 parts by weight of urethane acrylate oligomers, and about 46 parts by weight to about 54 parts by weight of ethylenic unsaturation Monomer, and preferably about 50 parts by weight of urethane oligomeric acrylic oligomer, and about% parts by weight of ethylenically unsaturated monomer. X, the abrasive I element preferably contains diamond abrasive particles. The diamond particles may be blended with other non-diamond hard abrasive particles, soft inorganic abrasive particles, and mixtures thereof. The average size of the abrasive particles is preferably from about 0.01 micrometer to about 300 micrometers, and more preferably from about 5 micrometers to about 15 micrometers. 0 microns, and most preferably about 9 microns to about 80 microns. Printed by a Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive article can use the RpP program with a polishing time interval of about 25 seconds to make a glass test blank of about 1.2 microns or larger. Initially, Ra is reduced to about 0.7 micron or less. The diamond particles contained in the abrasive article preferably have an average size of about 74 microns. In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the friction object is able to use -9- this paper size is applicable due to the national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 male thin) 411303 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) Economy Printed by the Ministry of Standards and Technology Bureau of China Bayong Consumer Cooperative ^ RPP Chengan with a polishing interval of about 25 seconds, the initial Ra on the broken glass test cup of about 0.2 microns or larger was reduced to about 0.12 microns or smaller last Ra. The diamond particles contained in the abrasive article preferably have an average size of about 30 microns to about 45 microns. In yet another specific embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive article can use the RPP procedure with a polishing time interval of about 25 seconds to make the initial Ra of about 0.05 micrometers or larger on the glass-test wool to reach A final Ra of about 0.05 micrometers or less is contained in the abrasive article, and preferably has an average size of about 9 micrometers to about 15 micrometers. These abrasive articles can be continuously provided in glass polishing systems to polish glass workpieces, which can result in extremely fine surface luminosity. The RPP test procedure is "Buehler Ecomet 4" variable-speed grinding and polishing machine 'Buehler Ecomet 2' power head, both of which are commercially available from Buehler Industries (Lake Bluff, Π1). This test was performed using the following conditions: The motor speed was set at 500 rpm, with a force of 50 pounds, which was about 7] [psi (about 50 kpa) on the surface area of the glass test matan. A flat circular glass test blank is provided which has a straight length of 7.62 cm (3 inches) and a thickness of about 1'0 cm, which is commercially available from Coming Glass Company under the trade name CORNING # 9〇61. This glass material was placed in the power head of a grinding and polishing machine. The 12-inch aluminum platform of the lapping and polishing machine was rotated counterclockwise when the power head (where the glass test hair is fixed) was rotated clockwise at 35 rpm. The abrasive object to be tested is die-cut into a 20.3 cm (8.0 inch) diameter circle (please read the note on the back ^ i. II 1--. ¾ means this. ¾ then this page. 1 Ministry of Economy Printed by the Central Consumers Bureau Consumer Cooperative 411303 A7 _ B7 V. Description of the invention (8) _ circle, and directly pressure-sensitive adhesive to the extruded sheet foam urethane backing whole sheet, It has a Shore A hardness of about 90 durometers. The urethane backing pad is attached to an extruded flat open-cell soft foam gasket having a thickness of about 30 mm. This gasket Assembled on the aluminum platform of the grinding / polishing machine. "Tap water was sprayed on the friction object at a flow rate of about 3 liters / minute 'to provide lubrication between the surface of the friction object and the glass test hair. The test wool® is provided with a substantially similar initial surface gloss (that is, before polishing with abrasive articles). Each glass test blank is rubbed with a metal-bonded diamond abrasive article, which can be traded under the brand name Flexible Diamond M125 " Bought from 3M (St Paul, MN). Rough stone particles have an average particle size of approximately 125 microns. The initial surface photometry on the glass pole of the tapping test was evaluated with a diamond stylus surface photometer, which can be obtained from the city under the trade name SURTRONIC 3 (112 / 1518-822323). Taylor Hobson (Leicester, England). Also remember the initial weight of the green glass test blank. It is used to evaluate the initial surface luminosity or Ra of the rubbing object according to the invention, which typically falls into three major categories: about 1.2 microns or larger About 0.2 micron or larger, and about 0.05 micron or larger》 The polishing time interval of the glass test wool using the above grinding / polishing machine polishing grinding / polishing machine is set to 15 seconds or 10 seconds. However, during friction The real-time contact between the object and the surface of the glass test blank can be longer than this set time, because the grinding / polishing machine will not start timing until the abrasive object is stabilized on the surface of the glass test blank. That is, the abrasive object is on the broken glass surface There may be some rebound or jumping on the surface, and the grinding / polishing machine is in the grinding _ -11-This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297) %)-(Please read the note on the back before ^ this page)

1 411303 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) The timer starts only when the contact between the printed rubbing object and the glass surface of the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is substantially constant. Therefore, the real-time polishing interval means rubbing the object and the glass. The contact between the surfaces is about 25 seconds or less. After polishing, record the final surface luminosity and final weight separately. The change in the weight of the glass test blank divided by the polishing time (" X " seconds) is called " Cutting rate " and expressed in units of grams of glass material removed / " X "seconds. It should be clear that the actual time (rate) necessary to polish the glass-breaking workpiece to Μ 値 according to the above procedure ), Will change according to many factors, such as the polishing device used, the back pad under the friction object, the speed of the abrasive rotation, the size of the surface area to be polished, the contact pressure, the size of the abrasive particles, the surface to be polished The initial state, etc. Each of the above procedures only mentions the L-based linear chirp feature, which can be used to compare the object and method according to the present invention with conventional glass polishing techniques. I Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a method for polishing a glass workpiece. The method is to apply a liquid to the interface between the glass workpiece and the abrasive article with the glass workpiece initially contacting the abrasive article as described above, Move the glass workpiece and the abrasive object relative to each other, and reduce the initial to the final ^ 〇. In the specific embodiment, this method includes contacting the glass workpiece with the initial h approximately U micrometer or larger ^, The abrasive article was capable of removing approximately 0.75 grams of glass raw material from the glass test blank using a RPP procedure with a polishing interval of approximately one second, wherein the initial as low as approximately 0.7 micron or less. This abrasive article Preferably, the particles are dispersed in a binder (diamond particles. More preferably, the abrasive particles have an average size of about a micrometer. Read I first I read I read II surface 丨 I. Also I read |

Ϊ 丨 Paper recognition coffee ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— 411303 A7 B7 The glass workpiece is in contact with the abrasive object. The abrasive object can use a procedure with a polishing interval of about 25 seconds to remove about 0.2 grams of rose glass material from the glass test blank.

Ra is about 0.05 microns or less. The abrasive article preferably comprises diamond particles dispersed in a binder. More preferably, the abrasive particles have an average size of about 30 microns to about 45 microns. _ In yet another specific embodiment, the method includes contacting a glass-breaking workpiece having an initial diameter of, for example, about 0.05 micron or larger, with an abrasive object, the abrasive object being sufficient for use with a polishing interval of about 25 seconds The procedure is to remove about 0.02 grams of glass raw material from the glass = inspection blank, wherein the initial Ra is reduced to about 0.05 microns or less to the final Ra. The abrasive article preferably comprises t diamond particles dispersed in a binder. More preferably, the abrasive particles have an average size of about 9 microns to about 15 microns. The abrasive articles of the present invention, which are printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, for polishing glass surfaces, surprisingly provide a smooth surface in a relatively short time. Although not wishing to be bound by any theory, the messenger friction object has its desired properties, that is, the adhesive is sufficiently chemical for this purpose. In particular, the chemical nature of this adhesive provides a tough, durable, and long-lasting medium to retain abrasive particles firmly throughout the life of the abrasive article. This binder is particularly effective chemically when used with diamond abrasive particles. Because diamond abrasive particles last substantially longer than most conventional abrasive particles, tough and durable binders are needed. Therefore, urethane acrylate oligomers or blends of urethane acrylate oligomers and acrylate monomers and diamonds __________ This paper rule: 悄 A7 B7 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (11) This combination of abrasive particles provides a long-lasting and durable abrasive coating. We assume that the abrasive particles and binder chemistry provide a synergistic combination 'to obtain improved glass polishing results using the abrasive article according to the present invention. As used herein, "precision forming" describes that this abrasive composite is formed by curing the adhesive precursor when forming the precursor on the back and filling the holes on the surface of the manufacturing tool. These The abrasive composite has a three-dimensional shape defined by a relatively smooth side, which is a boundary and flail with well-defined sharp edges with different edge lengths and different end points defined by the intersections of the different sides. The present invention The abrasive article is referred to as structured in the sense of the deployment of multiple such precision-formed abrasives. This abrasive composite may also have an irregular shape, and when used herein, it means forming an abrasive composite On the side or boundary of the object, the part hangs down and is imprecise. In the irregularly shaped abrasive composite, the abrasive slurry is first made into the desired shape and / or pattern. Once the abrasive liquid has been formed, the abrasive liquid is immediately placed in the abrasive liquid. The binder precursor is cured or cured. There is generally a gap between the formation of the shape and the cured binder precursor. During this time gap, the abrasive slurry Will flow and / or collapse, which will cause some distortion in the shape formed. This abrasive composite can also be changed in size, spacing or shape in a single abrasive object, as announced on March 23, 1995 WO95 / 〇7797 and WO 95/22436 published on August 24, 1995. "Boundary" as used herein refers to the exposed surface and edge of each compound, which is restricted And define the actual three-dimensional shape of each abrasive composite. When Dong Dong observes the cross-section of the abrasive object of the present invention under a microscope, these boundaries are easy. ___________- 14- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese national standard (cns) λ4 grid (21〇 > < 邛 ·? Mm) 411303 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (12) Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ¾ Seeing and distinguishing from β These boundary systems separate and distinguish one mill compound from another, even if the compound runs along its bottom The common boundaries are adjacent to each other. For precision-formed abrasive composites, the boundaries and edges are sharp and prominent. By comparison, in abrasive articles that do not have precision shaping, the boundaries and edges are not clear, meaning that the abrasive composite will sag before it finishes curing. These abrasive composites, whether precisely or irregularly shaped, may have any geometry defined by substantially different and discernible boundaries, where the precise geometry is selected from the group consisting of cubic, prismatic, and conical , Block frustoconical, pyramidal, frustoconical, cylindrical, hemispherical, etc. The "structure" used in this text refers to having any of the aforementioned three non-composite t polishing layers, regardless of the individual three times The meta-composite system can be made from many abrasive composites by precisely or irregularly forming β. All of them have a substantially phase T geometry, which means that the structure can be regular. Similarly, the structure can be king_ 'Regular pattern', in which the geometric shapes between the abrasive composites are different. The D-light to transparent surface refers to a surface that is substantially free of any defects, defects, and / or micro-scratches that are visible to the naked eye. Fig. 1 is a plan view of a preferred abrasive article according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-section taken along the line of the abrasive article shown in Fig. I. Fig. 3 is another preferred abrasive article according to the present invention. The plan view of the object. Figure 4 is the enlarged horizontal line obtained from lines 4-4 of the abrasive object shown in Figure 3 (谙 read the note on the back of $ ^ and then 3 pages). Installation-Order_ Line (210X297 mm )

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Description of the invention (13) Section. Detailed description of the invention The present invention relates to ~ ^ ^ ^., A kind of object, and a glass workmant, which is refined (preferably polished) with abrasive objects, and burdock, and the abrasive object includes a backing and at least A three-dimensional waste, needle, needle coating, this coating preferably comprises diamond particles that are dispersed in an adhesive and adhere to a uniform surface. The abrasive coating includes a self-adhesive binder and a plurality of abrasive particles, preferably diamond abrasive particles. This glass can be used for end use in a home or business environment. Β This glass can be used for decorative or structural purposes. This glass will have at least one surface to be polished. The glass may be relatively flat, or it may have some form of concomitant shape. These shapes may be curved or corner shapes. Examples of glass-breaking workpieces include optics and optics, such as lenses, mirrors, mirrors, crt (cathode-ray tube) screens, and the like. CRT screens are widely found on display surfaces and used in devices such as TV sets, computer monitors, and computer terminals. The size of the CRT screen (measured along the diagonal) ranges from about 10 cm (4 inches) to about 100 cm (40 inches) or longer. CRT screens have a convex outer surface and a radius of curvature. During polishing, the abrasive article of the present invention will polish the CRT screen. A Binder, Binders are made from binder precursors. Binder precursors include resins that are uncured or unpolymerized. During the manufacture of the abrasive article, the resin ' in the precursor of the adhesive is polymerized or cured to form an adhesive. Adhesive precursors can include condensation curing resin, addition polymerizable resin, radical -16- This paper size applies to China National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (2 丨 0 X 297 cm) again

Page A Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs " 411303 A7 — _ B7_____ — V. Description of the invention (14) The resin and / or combination thereof can be cured and its blend. A preferred binder precursor is a resin polymerized via a free radical mechanism. This polymerization method is initiated by exposing the binder to an appropriate energy source, such as heat or radiation, with a suitable catalyst. Examples of radiant energy include electron beam, ultraviolet light, or visible light. -Examples of radical-curable resins, including acrylated urethanes, acrylated epoxy resins, acrylated polyesters, ethylenically unsaturated compounds, amine-based plastic derivatives with pendant unsaturated carbonyl groups, and at least one An isocyanate derivative of a pendant acrylate group, an isocyanate derivative having at least one pendant acrylate group, and mixtures and combinations thereof. The term acrylate refers to acrylates and methacrylates. A preferred binder precursor of the present invention comprises a urethane acrylate oligomer 'or a blend of a urethane acrylate oligomer and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer. Preferably, the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is a monofunctional acrylate monomer, a bifunctional acrylate monomer, a trifunctional acrylate monomer, or a combination thereof. Although not wishing to be bound by any theory, those having the desired properties of the messenger friction object are the chemical properties of the I binder due to the aforementioned precursors of the binder. In particular, this adhesive chemistry provides a tough, durable, long-lasting medium to hold abrasive particles firmly throughout the life of the abrasive article. This binder chemistry is particularly effective when used with diamond abrasive particles, because diamond abrasive particles last substantially longer than most conventional abrasive particles. In order to make full use of the long life of the diamond abrasive particles, a binder for durability and durability is required. Therefore, urethane acetic acid propionate oligomer or uric acid ---- 17- This paper size applies to China National Standards (CNS) 297 public 6 ------- (Please read the back Matters needing attention again ...

1, 1T Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standardization Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives 41 ISOS A7 ______B7_________ 5. Description of the Invention (15) Ester acrylate oligomers and acrylate monomers This combination of blends and diamond abrasive particles provides a long, continuous and durable abrasive coating. Acrylated polyurethanes are also acrylates of hydroxy-terminated isocyanate-extending polyesters or polyethers. It can be aliphatic or aromatic. Examples of commercially available acrylated polyaminophosphonates include those known under the trade name, PHOTOMER (e.g., 'PHOTOMER 60W), available from Henkel Corporation (Hoboken, NJ); EBECRYL 220 (six molecular weight 1000 functionality) Aromatic urethane acrylate), EBECRYL 284 (aliphatic urethane diacrylate of 1200 molecular weight, diluted with 1,6-hexanediol acrylate), EBECRYL 4827 (1600 molecular weight aromatic Group carbamate dipropionate), EBECRYL 4830 (aliphatic carbamate diacrylate of 1200 molecular weight, diluted with tetraethylene glycol diacrylate), EBCRYL 6602 (trifunctionality of 1300 molecular weight) Aromatic urethane acrylate, diluted with trishydroxypropylpropane ethoxy triacrylate) and EBECRYL 840 (1000 molecular weight aliphatic urethane diacetate dipropionate), from UCB Radcure, Smyrna, GA; SART0MER (such as SARTOMER 9635, 9645, 9655, 963-B80, 966-A80, etc.), available from Sartomer Corporation (West Chester, Plasma); and UYITHANE (such as UVITHANE 782), available from Morton International (Chicago , HI.). These ethylenically unsaturated monomers or oligomers, or acrylate monomers or oligomers, may be monofunctional, bifunctional, trifunctional, or tetrafunctional or even higher functionalities. The term acrylate includes acrylate and methacrylic ester. The precursors of ethylenically unsaturated adhesives include monomeric and polymeric compounds containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and optionally nitrogen and halogen. ______- 18 -____ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications < 210X297 Gong Lu) " ~ (谙 Please read the precautions on the back of the proverb first, and then the page)-Packing '

'IT line 411305 at ______ B7 V. Description of the invention (16) The Central Laboratories of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Consumer Cooperatives of India, India and India. The oxygen or nitrogen atom or both are generally present in ether, vinegar, urethane, amidine and urea groups. Ethylene unsaturated compounds preferably have a molecular weight of less than about 4,000, and are preferably esters. They are prepared from the reaction of compounds containing aliphatic monohydroxy or aliphatic polyhydroxy groups with unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as acrylic acid. , Methacrylic acid, decomposing aconitic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, maleic acid, etc. Representative examples of ethylenically unsaturated monomers include methyl ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, styrene, diethyl benzene, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate Vinegar, propyl methacrylate, l-butyl acrylate, fluorenyl propionate butyl vinegar, vinyl toluene, dipropylene glycol vinegar, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, dimethylpropionate Glycol vinegar, hexamethylene glycol dipropionate, triethylene glycol dipropionate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, glyceryl triacrylate, isopentaerythritol tripropionate, trimethyl Isopentaerythritol acrylate, isopentaerythritol tetraacrylate and isopentaerythritol methacrylate. Other ethylenically unsaturated resins include monopropyl, polyallyl, polymethylpropyl, and amines, such as diallyl diphthalate and adipic acid diacid. Propyl vinegar and N, N-diallyl adipamide. Still other nitrogen-containing compounds include ginseng (2-diluted syl-oxyethyl) isocyanurate, ι, 3,5_tris (2-methylpropenyloxyethyl) -spiro-tri Glycine, propylamine, methacrylamide, methacrylamide, Ν, Ν-dimethylacrylamide, N-vinyl-tetrahydropyrrolidone and Ν-vinyl-hexahydro Bite, and CMD 3700, available from Radcure Specialties. Examples of the ethylenic unsaturated diluents or monomers can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,236,472 (Kirk et al.) And 5,5880,647 (Larson et al.). Generally speaking, the weight ratio between these acrylate monomers is based on the final ________ " 19 -__ ^^^^ Chinese National Standard (〇 Gui) 6 4 specifications (210 ^ < 97 mm) 411303 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (17 The weight percentage of diamond abrasive particles in the friction articles printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China depends on the weight percentage of the diamond abrasive particles. Parts to about 95 parts by weight of urethane acrylate oligomers, for about 5 parts by weight to about 95 parts by weight of ethylenically unsaturated monomers. It is preferred that such acrylate monomers range from About 30 parts by weight to about 70 parts by weight amino acrylate oligomers, more preferably about 34 parts by weight to about 30 parts by weight to about 70 parts by weight ethylene-based unsaturated monomers About 65 parts by weight of urethane acrylate oligomer, and about 46 parts by weight to about 54 parts by weight of ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and preferably 50 parts by weight of urethane acrylate The oligomer is 50 parts by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer. For additional information on useful binders and binder precursors, please refer to the co-pending patent application serial number 08 / 694,014, which was filed on August 8, 1996 by the assignee, which was filed on November 11, 1995 ( Bruxvoort et al.), Part of a serial application for patent application serial number 08 / 557,727, and U.S. Patent No. 4,773,920 (Chasman et al.). Propionated epoxy resins are dipropionate esters of epoxy resins, such as bisphenol A Diacrylates of epoxy resins. Examples of commercially available acrylated epoxy resins include CMD 3500, CMD 3600, and CMD 3700, which are available from Radcuxe Specialties, and CN 103, CN 104, CN 111, CN 112 and CN 114, which are commercially available from Sartomer (West Chester, PA). Examples of polyisocyanate include Photomer 5007 and Photomer 5018, available from Henkel Corporation (Hoboken, NJ). Each of the amino-based plastic resins The molecule or oligomer has at least one pendant π, which is an unsaturated carbonyl group. These unsaturated carbonyl groups can be 'acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid. %) 谙 First read Read the note after reading and try to order) Line A7 411303 B7 V. Description of the invention (18) Ester or acrylamide type group. Examples of such substances include N- (hydroxymethyl) -acrylamidonium, N, N'-oxydimethylenebisacrylamidonium, o- and p-acrylamidomethylated phenol, acrylamide Novolac resin and combinations thereof. These materials are further described in U.S. Patents 4,903,440 (Larson et al.) And 5,236,472 (Kirk et al.). -An isocyanate derivative having at least one pendant acrylate group, and an isocyanate derivative having at least one pendant acrylate group, are further described in U.S. Patent 4,652,27 (Boettcher). A preferred isotricyanate substance is the triacrylate of ginsyl (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate. Depending on how the free radical curable resin is cured or polymerized, the binder precursor may further include a curing agent (also referred to as a catalyst or initiator). When the curing agent is exposed to an appropriate energy source, it will generate a free radical source that will initiate the polymerization process. The binder precursor may include epoxy resin. Epoxy resin has ethylene oxide and is polymerized by ring opening. Such epoxidized resins include monomeric epoxy resins and polymeric epoxy resins. Some examples of preferred epoxy resins include 2,2-bis [4- (2,3-epoxypropoxy) -phenyl) propane, diglycidyl ether of bisphenols, commercially available materials Available under the trade names EP0N 828, EP0N 1004 and EPON 1001F from Shell Chemical Company, and DER-331, DER-332 and DER-334 from DOW Chemical Company. Other suitable epoxy resins include cycloaliphatic epoxy resins, glycidyl ethers of novolak resins (such as DEN-431 and DEN-428, available from DOW Chemical Company). Blends of free-radical curable resins and epoxy resins are further described in U.S. Patents 4,751,138 (Turney et al.) And 5,256,170 (Harmer et al.). _ ^ _- 21 -_ This paper size applies to Chinese National Standards (CNS), \ 4 size (210 X 297 mm) (read the notes on the back and read the item and then this page) Order the central standardization bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

A „___411303 V. Description of the invention (19) In some cases, it is better to use the repair and rubber coating to form abrasive objects. In the specific embodiment of these abrasive objects, the repair coating is applied to the backing Apply the abrasive particles to the backing, expose the repair coating to conditions that will at least partially ripen the repair coating, and apply the rubber coating to the abrasive particles and the repair coating. Then, Allow the structure to accept conditions sufficient for curing and rubber coating curing. The selected pre-rubber and super rubber coatings can also be applied in a manner known in the art.-Backing material is provided as a back view The function of the abrasive composite carrier, the composite is formed by a combination of an adhesive and abrasive particles. The backing that can be used in the present invention * 'must be able to adhere to the adhesive after the precursor is exposed to curing conditions' And it is preferably flexible after the exposure, so the objects used in the method of the present invention can conform to the surface shape, radius and irregularity in glass. In many glass polishing applications, the back must be strong And durability So that the resulting abrasive article is long and durable. In addition, in some polishing applications, the 'backing must be strong and flexible, so that the abrasive article can evenly conform to the broken glass workpiece. When the glass workpiece has its accompanying This is typically solid when shaped or shaped. The backing can be a polymer film, paper, vulcanized fiber, treated nonwoven backing or treated cloth backing to provide these strength and compliance properties. " Examples of polymer films include polyester films, copolyester films, polyimide films, polyimide films, etc. Nonwovens including paper can be saturated with thermosetting or thermoplastic materials to provide the necessary properties. The backing is a treated cloth backing. This cloth can be] weight _______- 22 -__ This paper size applies to China's national standard (CNS) Λ4Α ^-(210X 297 ^^ :) '' " ( (Please read the precautions on the back first, and then this page) I Binding and ordering _ Printed 411803 Α7 -____ Β7 by the Ministry of Economic Affairs Bureau of Standards and Loss Cooperatives V. 5. Description of the invention (20), X weight, Y weight or M weight Of the cloth. The fiber or yarn may be selected from the group consisting of: polyester, nylon, rayon, cotton 'glass fiber and combinations thereof. The cloth may be a knitted or woven cloth block (such as khaki, twill, or wrought weave) Or it can be stitched or weft inserted into the cloth. The original cloth can be structured, scorched, desizing, or any conventional treatment of the original cloth. It is preferred that the cloth be treated with a polymer material to Sealing cloths and protecting cloth fibers. Treatment may involve one or more of the following treatment agents: presize, saturant, or backsize. One such treatment involves the application of a preform coating first followed by backsize. Or coating, or a saturant coating, followed by a backing material coating. The front surface of the backing is usually preferably relatively smooth. Likewise, these coatings should make the cloth backing waterproof. This is because glass polishing is typically performed in the presence of water. As such, these treatment coatings should result in the cloth backing having sufficient strength and flexibility. A preferred backing agent is a crosslinked amino acrylate oligomer blended with an acrylic monomer resin. In the scope of the present invention, the cloth treatment chemical is the same as or similar to the adhesive chemical in nature. Cloth processing chemicals may further include additives such as: fillers, dyes, pigments, wetting agents, coupling agents, plasticizers, etc. Other processing coatings include thermosetting and thermoplastic resins. Examples of typical and preferred thermosetting resins include Phenol resin, amine-based plastic resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, ethylenically unsaturated resin, acrylated isocyanurate resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, isotricyanate resin, acrylic acid Urethane resin, acrylated epoxy resin, bis-cis butylene diimide resin and mixtures thereof. Examples of preferred thermoplastic resins, including polyfluorene __-23-_ This paper size is applicable to the national standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 mm) (read the first note on the back ^^ item and then _ page ) — ^ 衣 -Φ i411303 A7 B7 Printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (21) amine resins (such as nylon), polyester resins and polyurethane resins (including polyamines) Carbamate-urea resin). A preferred thermoplastic resin is a polyurethane derived from the reaction product of a polyester polyol and an isotonic acid ester. C. Abrasive particles The abrasive article according to the present invention also contains a number of abrasive particles. The term " abrasive particle " means that it includes a single abrasive particle, which is bonded together by an adhesive to form an abrasive cohesion or composite. Abrasive adhesives are further described in U.S. Patents 4,311,489, 4,652,2, and 4,799,939. The abrasive particles may further include a surface treating agent or coating, such as a coupling agent or a metal or ceramic coating. The abrasive particles that can be used in the present invention preferably have an average particle size of about 0-01 microns (small particles) to 300 microns (large particles), more preferably about 5 microns to about 150 microns, and most preferably about 9 microns To about 80 microns. The abrasive particles preferably have a Mohs hardness of at least 8, more preferably at least 9. Examples of such abrasive particles include coagulation oxide inscriptions, Tao love oxidation inscriptions, heat treated alumina, silicon carbide, alumina zirconia, iron oxide, diamond (natural and synthetic), hafnium oxide, cubic nitride 'Stone trough stones and their combinations. For glass polishing, it is preferable to use diamond abrasive particles. These diamond abrasive particles can be natural diamond and synthetic diamond. As opposed to synthetically made diamonds, " mountain particles can be considered as resin-bonded (diamond ", saw blade diamond " or " metal-bonded diamond ". This diamond can be accompanied by a diamond shape Even if it is in the shape of a block I shape or a needle shape, the diamond particles may contain a surface coating, such as a metal coating (such as nickel, metal, copper, or the like), an inorganic coating (such as cut stone), or Organic coating. 24 private paper standards are applicable to Chinese National Standards (CNS) Λ4 specifications (2) 0 × 297 mm (read first, read the back of the matter, and then ^^ this page) & Printed by Central Standards Bureau Shellfish Consumer Cooperative 411303 A7 __ B7 V. Description of the invention (22) The abrasive object of the present invention may contain a blend of diamond and other abrasive particles. ° These three times have no abrasive coating, by weight, It may contain about M parts of abrasive particles to 90 parts of abrasive particles, and 10 parts of binder to 99 parts of binder at any position. However, because of the cost of diamond abrasive particles, the preferred abrasive coating system contains about ( U to 50 servings Abrasive particles, with about 50 to 99.9 parts of a binder. A better abrasive coating system contains about i to about 30 parts of abrasive particles, and about 70 to 99 parts of a binder, and the optimal abrasive coating system contains About 3 to about 1 part of abrasive particles and about 75 to 97 parts of binder. D. Adding the sword The present invention < abrasive coating may further include optional additives such as abrasive particle surface modification additives, coupling agents, fillers, hair Foaming agent, fiber, tincture agent, curing agent, suspending agent, photosensitizer, lubricant, wetting agent, surfactant, pigment, dye, UV stabilizer and antioxidant. The amount of these substances is selected To provide the desired properties. Coupling agent_ Coupling agent can provide an associative bridge between the binder and the abrasive particles. In addition, a coupling agent can provide an associative bridge between the binder and the filler particles. Examples of coupling agents include silane, Titanate and zirconium aluminate. There are different ways to incorporate the coupling agent. For example, the coupling agent can be added directly to the binder precursor. The abrasive coating can contain about 0 to 30 weight at any position. Tie between [to 25% by weight of I coupling agent β or The coupling agent can be applied to the surface of the filler particles. In yet another mode, the coupling agent is applied to the surface of the abrasive particles before being incorporated into the abrasive object. The abrasive particles can contain about --- ------— I ______-. — Paper-based method for financial communication depends on family system t. (CNS) A4 specification (21 () > < 297 Gongchu) (谙 Read the precautions on the back before reading ^^ This page)-Ordered · Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, $ 411303 ΑΊ ---------------- Β7 V. Description of Invention (23) 〇 to 3 weight .. The coupling agent is based on the weight of the abrasive particles given to the coupling agent. Examples of commercially available coupling agents include " Α174 " and " Α123〇 " Yet another example of a commercially available coupling agent is isopropyltriisostearyl titanate, which is commercially available under the brand name " KR-TTS " from Kenrich Petrochemical Company (Bayonne, NJ). Fillers The abrasive coating may further include fillers as appropriate. The filler is a particulate material ' and typically has an average particle size ranging between 0.1 and 50 microns, typically between 1 and 30 microns. Examples of fillers that can be used in the present invention include metal carbonates (such as calcium carbonate (chalk, calcite, marl 'travertine, marble, and limestone), calcium magnesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, magnesium carbonate), silica (such as Quartz, glass beads, glass bubbles and glass fibers), silicates (such as talc, clay, (montmorillonite) feldspar, mica, calcium silicate, metasilicate_, sodium silicate, sodium silicate) , Metal sulfates (such as calcium sulfate, sulfate sulfate, sodium sulfate, sodium sulfate, sodium sulfate sulfate), gypsum, stone, wood flour 'aluminum dihydrate, carbon black, metal oxides (such as calcium oxide (lime), oxidation Ming, tin oxide (such as tin dioxide), titanium dioxide) and metal sulfites (such as sulfite), thermoplastic particles (polycarbonate, polyimide, polyester, polyethylene, polyfluorene, polystyrene , Propionitrile-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, polypropylene, polycondensation polymer, polyurethane, nylon particles) and thermoset particles (such as resin foam, resin pellets, Polyurethane hair Particles, etc.). This filler may also be a salt, such as a dentate salt. Examples of halide salts include sodium gaseous, cryolite, sodium cryolite, ammonium cryolite, potassium tetrafluoroborate, sodium tetrafluoroborate, silicon fluoride, chlorine ___- 26 -________ This paper is applicable to the country of China Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 male Zhao) " ~~~~ {谙 Read the precautions on the back before ^^ 'this page j — Install Q book-order · 411303 A7 B7 Staff Consumer Cooperatives, Central Standards Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed 5. Description of the invention (24) Potassium and magnesium gasification. Examples of metal fillers include tin, lead'bismuth, cobalt, antimony, cadmium'iron, titanium. Other miscellaneous fillers include sulfur, organic sulfur compounds, graphite and metal sulfides. Suspending agent An example of a suspending agent is amorphous silica particles having a surface area of less than 150 square meters per gram, which are commercially available from DeGussa Corporation (Ridgefield Park, NJ) under the trade name "_χ__50". The addition of a suspending agent can reduce the overall viscosity of the abrasive slurry. The use of suspending agents is further described in U.S. Patent 5,368,619. Curing agent The binder precursor may further include a curing agent. A curing agent is a substance that helps initiate and complete a polymerization or crosslinking process that converts the binder precursor into a binder. The term curing agent covers initiators, photoinitiators, catalysts and activators. The amount and type of curing agent are mostly determined by the chemical nature of the binder precursor. Free radical initiators. Preferably, the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers or oligomers occurs via a free radical mechanism. If the energy source is an electron beam, the electron beam will generate free radicals, which will initiate the polymerization reaction. However, an initiator is used within the scope of the present invention, even if the binder precursor is exposed to an electron beam. If the source of energy is heat, ultraviolet or visible light, the initiator may have to be present to generate free radicals. Initiators (meaning photoinitiators) that generate free radicals when exposed to ultraviolet light or heat. Examples include, but are not limited to, organic peroxides, azo compounds, alcohols, nitroso compounds, fluorenyl dentate , 腙, vegetable-based compounds, p-specific compounds, flavor vomiting, gas-based triphine, benzoin, and _____ -27_ This paper size applies to the China National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 mm) (please first Read the notes on the back again _ This page) Packing. Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives Indu 411303 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (25) Benzoyl alkyl ethers, diones, phenyl ketones and Its mixture. Commercially available photoinitiators that generate free radicals upon exposure to ultraviolet light, examples include IRGACURE 651 and IRGACURE 184, which are commercially available from Ciba Geigy (Hawthorne, NJ), and DAROCUR1173, which are commercially available Available from Merck. An initiator that generates free radicals upon exposure to visible light can be found in U.S. Patent No. 4,735,632. Another photoinitiator that generates free radicals upon exposure to visible light, has the trade name IRGACURE 369, and is commercially available from Ciba Geigy. -Typically, the amount of initiator used is 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 2 to 4% by weight, based on the weight of the binder precursor. In addition, it is preferable to disperse the initiator before adding any particulate material such as abrasive particles and / or filler particles, and preferably to uniformly disperse the binder precursor. In general, it is preferred to expose the precursor of the adhesive to radiant energy, and more preferably ultraviolet or visible light. In some cases, certain abrasive particles and / or certain additives will absorb ultraviolet and visible light, which makes it difficult to properly cure the binder precursor. This phenomenon is especially true when using hafnium oxide abrasive particles and silicon carbide abrasive particles. It has been surprisingly found that the use of photoinitiators containing phosphates, especially photoinitiators containing phosphonium oxides, can help overcome this problem. An example of such a photoinitiator is 2,4,6-trimethylbenzylidene diphenylphosphine oxide, which is commercially available under the trade name LUCIRINTPO from BASF Corporation (Charlotte, NC). · Other examples of commercially available fluorenylphosphine oxides, including DAROCUR 4263 and DAROCUR 4265, which are commercially available from Merck 〇Photosensitizer _ -28-_ This paper standard applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications ( 2IOX 297) (Please read the note on the back * _item on this page first) _ Binding-Order > · Staff Consumer Cooperatives, Central Standard Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Yinfan 411303 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (26) Curable composition Optionally, a photosensitizer or photoinitiator system may be included, which will affect the polymerization reaction in the air or in an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen. Such photosensitizer or photoinitiator systems include compounds having carbonyl or tertiary amine groups, and mixtures thereof. Among them, preferred compounds having a carbonyl group are benzophenone, acetophenone, diphenylethylenedione, benzophenone, o-chlorobenzaldehyde, fluorenone, pyrimidone, and 9,10-anthraquinone. , And other aromatic ketones that can be used as photosensitizers. Among them, preferred tertiary amines are fluorenyldiethanolamine, ethyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, phenylmethylethanolamine, and bisaminoaminobenzoic acid ethyl ester. Generally speaking, the amount of the photosensitizer or photoinitiator system can vary from about 0.01 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.25 to 4.0% by weight, based on the weight of the binder precursor. Examples of photosensitizers include QUANTICUTiE ITX '< 5υΑΝΉ〇] ΕΕ (3TX, QUANTICUREPTX, QUANTICUREEPD, all of which are commercially available from Biddle Sawyer. The abrasive article according to the present invention includes a backing having an abrasive coating Bonded to the backing. Preferred abrasive coatings include many shaped abrasive composites. These abrasive composites can be precision-formed or irregularly shaped. This abrasive composite is preferably precision-formed because the precision-formed composite is more uniform Now referring to the drawings, a friction object 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in plan and enlarged cross-sections in Figs. 1 and 2. The friction object 10 includes a backing 12 on one of its main surfaces. There is an abrasive composite 16. The abrasive composite 16 includes a plurality of abrasive particles 14 dispersed in a binder 15. The abrasive particles 14 may be a mixture of different abrasives. The binder 15 may be used to combine the abrasive composite 16 to the backing 12 。Pre-rubber coating or bonding layer 13 as appropriate _-29-_ This paper size is applicable to China National Standard Bi (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 cm) (read first read Note lack of surface re-page): T ^ Qiao means butoxy, - & Α7.

41.1303 V. Description of the invention (27) Condition is inserted between the abrasive composite 16 and the backing 12. The abrasive composite 16 is preferably present and the ancient π anchorage has a discernable shape. First of all, it is preferable that the abrasive particles do not protrude beyond the surface of the adhesive. When the abrasive article 10 is used to grind the surface, the composition breaks up to 2M Kouxiang Riping to show unused abrasive particles 14.

The shape of the abrasive composite can be any shape. Typically, the cross-sectional surface area of the bottom side of the shape that is in contact with the backing is' on a number of sides larger than the distal end of the composite spaced from the backing; the surface area. The shape of this composite can be selected from a variety of geometric shapes, such as cubic Shape, block, cylindrical, prismatic, rectangular, pyramidal, frustoconical, conical, frusto-conical, 'cross-shaped, rod-shaped with a flat top surface. The other shape is hemispherical and it is further described in PCT WO 95/22436. The abrasive articles formed may have a mixture of different abrasive composite shapes. The bottoms of the abrasive composites may be adjacent to each other, or the bottoms of adjacent abrasive composites may be separated from each other by a certain distance. It should be understood that the definition of adjacency also encompasses an arrangement in which adjacent composites share a common abrasive bottom or bridge-like structure that contacts and extends between the side walls facing the composite. The abrasive base is made from the same abrasive slurry used to form the abrasive composite. These compounds are "adjacent", which means that the uninserted compound is located on the direct imaginary line drawn between the center of the compound. A preferred shape of the abrasive composite 16 is generally a truncated pyramid with a flat top 18 and a bottom 20 with a flare outward, as shown in FIG. 2. Preferably, the height Η of the abrasive composite 16 is provided so that it is constant across the coated abrasive article 10, but may have abrasive composites of different heights. The height of the compound Η This paper uses the China National Standard (CMS) A4 specification (2 丨 0X297 mm). First read the note on the back. Heng 11 then: this page) Φ Ca n’t reorder the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-Industry Printed by a consumer cooperative 411303 A7 B7 5. The description of invention (28) can be about 10 to about 1500 microns, preferably about 25 to about 1000 microns, more preferably about 100 to about 600 microns, and the most secret is About 300 to about 500 microns. The bottoms 20 of adjacent abrasive composites are preferably separated from one another by a bottom area 22. Although not wishing to be bound by any theory, assuming this bottom area 22 or separation provides a way to allow the fluid medium to flow freely between the abrasive composites. As a result, this free flow of the fluid medium contributes to better cutting rates, surface gloss, or increased flatness during glass polishing. The interval of the abrasive composites can be changed, from about 1 abrasive composite per linear centimeter to about 100 abrasive composites per linear centimeter, preferably between about 5 abrasive composites per linear centimeter and about 20 abrasives per linear centimeter. Between the composites, more preferably between about 5 abrasive composites per linear centimeter and about 10 abrasive composites per linear centimeter, and most preferably between about 6-7 abrasive composites per linear centimeter. In one aspect of the abrasive article, there is a zone spacing of at least 5 compounds / cm2, and preferably at least .100 compounds / cm2. In another embodiment of the present invention, the composites have a zone interval in the range of about 1 to 12,000 composites / cm 2. When a rectangular or truncated pyramid is used, the bottom 20 typically has a length of about 100 to 500 microns. The sides forming the abrasive composite can be straight or push-shaped. If these sides are push-shaped, it is usually easier to remove the abrasive composite 16 from the cavity of the manufacturing tool as discussed below. The angle “A11” in FIG. 2 is measured from an imaginary vertical line, which is at a point connecting the bottom surface area 22 between the abrasive composites 16 and intersects with the bottom 20 of the abrasive composites 16, _-31 -_ paper size Applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 feet) (#Read the precautions on the back first

-Φ. ≫ Staff of the Central Bureau of Ministry of Economy

41130S A7 B7 Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives 彡, Invention Description (29) means ‘imaginary line is perpendicular to the bottom area 22. The angle " A11 may range from about 1 degree to about 75 degrees, preferably about 2 degrees to about 50 degrees, more preferably about 3 degrees to about 35 degrees, and most preferably about 5 degrees to about 15 degrees. During the polishing process, the abrasive object backing 12 is attached to the backing tab 24, such as a urethane backing pad, which has a Shore A hardness of about 90 hardness gauges or a dream? 1 Foam cymbal sheet, which has a Shore A hardness of about 65 durometer, only refers to a few of them, friction object backing 12 can be directly adhered to the backing sheet 24 using a pressure sensitive adhesive β βbacking sheet 24 series Attached to a foam pad 26, this foam pad provides cushioning to abrasive objects during polishing. The foam pad 26, including the abrasive article, is then loaded on the polisher platform 28. Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4, a friction object 101 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figs. 3 and 4 in plane and enlarged cross section. In this embodiment, the abrasive composite 16 'is hemispherical, as shown in FIG. The abrasive article has a woven polyester backing 12, which is sealed on a major surface with a thermoplastic polyester presize coating. On this hardened pre-rubber coating 13, a slurry is applied through a screen (not shown). This slurry contains abrasive particles and binder precursors. This hemispherical abrasive composite 16 can be used in size and shape. And can be randomly or evenly distributed on the presize coating Π_. The hemispherical abrasive composite 16, as viewed from plan 3, is preferably circular and has the same diameter. Regardless of the shape of the individual abrasive composites, it is preferably about 20% to about 90%, more preferably about 40% to about 70%, and JL is preferably about 50% to about 60% of the surface area of the backing, which will be abrasive. Composite coverage. In addition, at the bottom and top of the table, the paper size 32 applies to the Chinese national standard rate (0 '$) 8 4 specifications (21〇 / 297 mm).

% II ίI Binding 41130 ^ A7 ___ B7 Staff Consumption Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives, Indian Insignia V. Invention Description (30) The surface area difference between surfaces is preferably about 0% to about 60%, and more preferably about 0% To about 40%, and most preferably about 0% to about 20%. Shaped Abrasive Compound The first step in manufacturing abrasive articles is to prepare abrasive slurry. Abrasives Liquids are made by any suitable mixing technique by combining binder precursors, abrasive particles, and optional additives. Examples of mixing techniques include low male cutting and high shear mixing, with high shear mixing being preferred. It is also possible to use super-jin wave energy and use a mixing step to reduce the viscosity of the abrasive slurry. Typically, the abrasive particles are slowly added to the binder precursor. The abrasive slurry is preferably a homogeneous mixture of binder precursors, abrasive particles and optional additives. If necessary, water and / or solvents can be added to reduce viscosity. The amount of air bubbles in the abrasive slurry can be minimized during or after the mixing step by pumping out the air. In some cases, it is preferable to heat the abrasive slurry, usually in the range of about 30eC to about 7 ° C, to reduce viscosity. It is important to 'monitor the abrasive slurry before coating to ensure that it can be applied well. 'Rheological shell' and in which abrasive particles and other fillers do not settle before coating. This method usually results in an abrasive composite with a precise shape. In order to obtain the precise shape, 'the interesting abrasive slurry exists in the cavity of the manufacturing tool, Substantially solidify or cure the binder precursor. Or, 'moving the manufacturing tool away from the binder precursor before substantial curing, causing collapse, slightly irregularly shaped sidewalls. Manufacturing of abrasive articles containing precision-formed abrasive composites The preferred method is to use a manufacturing tool that contains many mold cavities. These mold cavities are basically the opposite shape of the desired abrasive compound, and the shape of the expensive abrasive compound is produced. The paper dimensions are applicable to China National Standards (CNS ) Λ4 specification (210X297 Gong Chu ηA)

Binding 4tlSQ ^ a? ------- B7 V. Description of the invention (31). The number of mold cavities / square unit area will result in an abrasive object with a corresponding number of abrasive composites / square unit area. These cavities can have any geometric shape, such as cylinders, domes, pyramids, rectangles, truncated pyramids, prisms, cubes, cones, truncated cones, or triangles, squares, circles, rectangles. Any shape with a cross-section of the top surface of an angle, octagon, etc. The size of the cavity is selected to achieve this desired number of abrasive composites per square unit area. The mold cavities call for the existence of a dot pattern, with spaces between adjacent mold cavities, or the mold cavities can be docked with each other. The abrasive slurry can be applied to the mold cavity of the manufacturing tool by any conventional technique, such as hole die coating, hollow hole die coating, spray coating, saddle coating, transfer coating, doctor blade coating, etc. If the manufacturing tool contains a cavity with a flat top or relatively straight side walls, it is preferred to use air venting during coating to minimize any trapped air. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards, the manufacturing tools can be belts, sheets, continuous sheets or screens, coating rollers such as gravure printing rollers, sleeves loaded on the coating rollers, or orifice molds. Manufacturing tools can be made of metal, including nickel-plated surfaces, metal alloys, ceramics, or plastic. For further information on manufacturing tools, their manufacturing methods, materials, etc., see U.S. Patents 5,152,917 (Pieper et al.) And 5,435,816 (Spurgeon et al.). A preferred manufacturing tool is a thermoplastic manufacturing tool which is embossed on a metal matrix. When the abrasive slurry contains a precursor of a thermosetting binder, the binder precursor is cured or polymerized. This polymerization is usually initiated by exposure to an energy source. Generally speaking, the amount of energy is determined by several factors, such as the binder precursor's chemical properties, the size of the abrasive slurry, the amount and type of the abrasive particles. CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 0x297 mm) Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs® c Industrial and Commercial Cooperatives. V. Description of the invention (32) Type and quantity and type of selected additives. Radiant energy is a better source of energy. Sources of radiant energy include electron beams, ultraviolet light, or visible light. Electron beam (ionization) radiation can be used at an energy level of about 0.1 to about 10 Mrad, preferably at an energy level of about 0.01 to about 10 Mrad. Ultraviolet light radiation refers to non-particulate radiation having a wavelength range fixed in the range of about 200 to about 400 nanometers', preferably in the range of about 250 to 400 nanometers. The preferred output of the radiation source is Π8 to 236 watts / cm. Visible light radiation refers to non-fine particle light emission having a wavelength range in the range of about 400 to about 8000 nm, and preferably in the range of about 400 to about 550 nm. After the manufacturing tool is coated, the backing is contacted with the abrasive slurry by any means, so that the abrasive slurry wets the front surface of the backing. For example, contact rolls are used to bring the abrasive slurry into contact with the backing. Secondly, some form of energy, such as the one described in this article, is transferred to the abrasive slurry by an energy source to at least partially cure the binder precursor. For example, the manufacturing tool may be a transparent material (e.g., polyester, polyethylene, or polypropylene) to transmit light radiation to the slurry contained in the cavity of the tool. The term " partially cured " means that the binder precursor is polymerized to a state such that the abrasive slurry does not flow when the abrasive slurry is removed from the manufacturing tool. After the binder precursor is removed from the manufacturing tool, if it is not fully cured, it can be fully cured by any energy source. Additional details regarding the use of manufacturing tools to manufacture abrasive articles according to this preferred method are further described in U.S. Patent No. 5,152,917 (Yang Yinshen et al.), Where the coated abrasive articles produced are used for manufacturing tools. Opposite Replica 'and 5,435,816 (Spurgeon et al.). In another variation of this first method, the abrasive slurry may be applied to a backing, rather than into a cavity of a manufacturing tool. Then, make the abrasive slurry coating (CNS) 7¾ 2.0X 29375 ^) '-(谙 first read the back and lack of attention " item again on this page),-° Printed by the Military Industry Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Explanation (33) The covering backing is in contact with the manufacturing tool, so that the abrasive slurry flows into the mold of the manufacturing tool. The rest of the steps for manufacturing the abrasive article are the same as those detailed above. With regard to this method, it is preferred that the binder precursor is cured by radiant energy and the radiant energy can be transmitted through the back and / or through a manufacturing tool. If radiant energy is transported through a backing or manufacturing tool, the backing or manufacturing tool should not appreciably absorb radiant energy. In addition, sources of radiant energy should not appreciably degrade the backing or manufacturing tools. For example, UV light can be transmitted through a polyester backing. Alternatively, if the manufacturing tool is made of some thermoplastic materials, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polycarbonate, poly (ethersulfone), poly (methyl methacrylate), polyurethane, Polyethylene or its combination allows ultraviolet or visible light to pass through the manufacturing tool and into the abrasive slurry. In some cases, it is preferred to incorporate a UV stabilizer and / or an antioxidant into a thermoplastic manufacturing tool. More deformable materials will result in easier processing. For thermoplastic-based manufacturing tools, the operating conditions for manufacturing abrasive articles should be set so that excessive heat is not generated. If excessive heat is generated, it may distort or melt the thermoplastic tool. After the abrasive article is made, the abrasive article may be flexed and / or wetted before being converted into a suitable form / shape before being used. Another method of making abrasive articles is to bond many abrasive adhesives to the backing. These abrasive binders contain many abrasive particles that are bonded together using the first binder to form a shaped mass. The resulting abrasive adhesive polymer is then dispersed in a second binder precursor and applied to the backing. The second adhesive is precured to form an adhesive, and then the abrasive adhesive is bonded to the backing. ---____- 36-_ This paper size is applicable to China National Samples (CNS) 6-4 specifications (2 丨 〇χ 297 mm) {Please read the precautions of the back rain first, then this page)

-5 41130¾ 5. Description of the invention (34) The mill cohesive polymer may contain optional additives as discussed above. The abrasive adhesive should have a desired erosion rate so that it will decompose during use. Again, this rate of invasion can be determined by the type of abrasive particles, the type of first binder, the type of additives, and their proportion. Abrasive adhesives can be made by any conventional method, such as those detailed in U.S. Patents 4,311,489, 4,652,275, 4,799,939, and 5,500,273. The abrasive binder is dispersed in the second binder precursor to form an abrasive slurry. The remaining steps in making the abrasive article may be the same as those discussed herein. Alternatively, the abrasive slurry can be applied to the backing by doctor blade coating, roller coating, spray coating, gravure coating, orifice coating, curtain coating, or other conventional coating techniques. The abrasive slurry is then exposed to an energy source to precure the binder ' and to convert the abrasive slurry into an abrasive composite. .Method for manufacturing non-precision shaped abrasive composites The second method for manufacturing abrasive articles relates to methods in which the abrasive composites are non-precision or irregularly shaped. In this method, the abrasive slurry is exposed to an energy source when the abrasive slurry is removed from the manufacturing tool. The first step is to apply the abrasive slurry to coat the front side of the backing by any conventional technique, such as a drip hole die coater, light coater, doctor blade coater, curtain coater, Coating machine or orifice coating machine. If necessary, the abrasive slurry can be heated and / or subjected to ultrasound before coating to reduce its viscosity. The abrasive slurry / backing combination is then brought into contact with the manufacturing tool. This manufacturing tool may be the same type as the manufacturing tool described above. The manufacturing tool contains a series of cavities, and the abrasive slurry flows into these cavities. When the abrasive slurry is removed from the manufacturing tool, the abrasive slurry will have its accompanying pattern __________ -37- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) to the specifications (210X297 mm) _ This page). Equipment — Printed by the Anti-poverty Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Light Industry II — till. — Attack B7 _____ 5. Description of the invention (35); The pattern of the abrasive compound is made from the mold cavity of the manufacturing tool. After removal, the abrasive slurry-coated backing is exposed to an energy source to initiate the polymerization of the binder precursor and thereby form an abrasive composite. It is usually preferred that the time between the release of the abrasive slurry-coated backing from the manufacturing tool and the curing of the binder precursor is relatively minimal. If this period of time is too long, the abrasive slurry will flow and the pattern will Distorted to the point where the pattern has essentially disappeared. In another modification of this second method, the abrasive liquid can be applied to the cavity of the manufacturing tool instead of the backing, and then the backing is brought into contact with the manufacturing tool, so that the abrasive slurry is wetted And adhere to the backing. In this variation, for example, the manufacturing tool may be a photogravure printing roll. The remaining steps of manufacturing the abrasive article are the same as those detailed above. Yet another variation 'is sprayed or coated with an abrasive slurry to produce a pattern. The binder is then precured or cured to form an abrasive composite. Another technique for making an abrasive article with an abrasive coating, pattern or accompanying structure is to provide an embossed backing and then apply an abrasive slurry to the backing. This abrasive polymer is patterned to provide a patterned or structured coating. Another policy for manufacturing abrasive articles is described by the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Pager Consumers Cooperative, and is described in US Patent 5,219,462. An abrasive slurry was applied to the recess of the embossed backing. The abrasive slurry contains abrasive particles, a binder precursor, and a foaming agent. The resulting structure is exposed to conditions that cause the abrasive slurry to swell above the front surface of the backing caused by the blowing agent. Next, the binder is precured to form a binder, and the abrasive slurry is converted into an abrasive composite. ............ ~ an-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 Gongchu) A11S0 ^ B7 V. Description of the invention (36)

I This abrasive object can be transformed into any desired shape or form, depending on the desired glass polishing type. This conversion can be achieved by slitting, die cutting, or any suitable method. The method of polishing and breaking glass. Before polishing according to the method of the present invention, the glass is typically subjected to a variety of physical sequences (including grinding) to achieve the desired glass size. D Such procedures may leave on the surface of broken glass Scratches or exposed defects that typically cause a hazy surface. The present invention relates to a method of polishing a glass surface 'to remove sufficient scratch depth and defects to provide a surface that can be polished to optical transparency. Typically, more than one " polishing " or, finely grinding " object is used in the polishing step of the method of the present invention. In the past, a rubbing object with a specific average abrasive particle size was not sufficient to produce an extremely high-gloss surface. Instead, a series of abrasive objects is used, during which the average scratch depth is continuously reduced. The first abrasive object used typically contains abrasive particles with a larger particle size. 6 When polishing is continued, the size of the abrasive particles in the used abrasive object is continuously changed by the user by changing the abrasive object. reduce. This will gradually reduce the depth of the scratch. Number of friction objects

. It inhibits heat build-up during polishing, ° Λ liquid comes with several advantages and removes chips leaving the polishing interface

A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (37). "Chip" is a term used to describe the actual glass debris that is being abraded by an abrasive object. In some cases, glass chips may harm the surface of the glass to be polished. Therefore, it is generally desirable to remove the chips from the interface. For liquids Polishing in the presence will also result in a finer finish on the rose glass surface. This liquid can be water, organic lubricants, detergents, coolants or combinations thereof. This liquid may further contain additives to enhance polishing. Water is usually It is a better liquid. During polishing, the abrasive object moves relative to the glass surface and is forced downward on the glass surface. The range of this force is preferably about 0.35 g / mm2 to about 7.0 g / mm2. More preferably, it is about 0.7 g / mm2 to about 3.5 g / mm2, and most preferably about 5 g / mm2. If the downward force is too high, the rubbing object may not sharpen the scratches deeply, and In some cases, the depth of the scratch may increase. Moreover, if the downward force is too high, the abrasive object may be excessively worn. On the contrary, if the downward force is too low, the abrasive object may not be effectively polished. The depth of the mark does not produce an optically transparent surface. As stated by the staff of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the glass or abrasive object or both will move relative to one another during the polishing step. This movement may be a rotational movement , Irregular motion or linear motion. Rotary motion can be generated by attaching the friction disc to a rotating tool. The glass surface and the friction object can be rotated in the same direction or opposite directions, but if they are in the same direction, they are at different rotation speeds For the machine, the operating rpm can cover a range of up to about 4,000 rpm, preferably about 25 rpm to about 2000 rpm ', and more preferably about 50 rpm to about 1000 φιη, depending on the abrasive article used It depends, for example, when using a disc such as shown in Figures 1 and 2, this machine may have a rotational speed of about! Pm to about 2000 rpm, typically about „one by one: ---- --- 40- Non-paper drinkers & _ Ningguo National Standards (CNS) with specifications (2) 〇χ2_ 4ii Move A7 ------ B7 V. Description of the invention (38) 50 rpm. No rules Orbital motion can be generated by an irregular orbital tool, while linear motion can be Produced by a continuous grinding belt. The relative movement between the glass and the abrasive object can also depend on the size of the glass. If the glass is relatively large, it is better to move the abrasive object during polishing while keeping the rose glass fixed In many cases, the frictional object is bonded to the support pad. The support pad is typically a compressible material that provides support to the frictional object. Similarly, the support pad is made from a compliant material, so that When abraded objects are attached to the support pad, the formed object can conform to glass workpieces as needed, especially for glass workpieces with curved surfaces or accompanying shapes. The support pads can be made from polyurethane. Ester foam, rubber material, elastomer, rubber-based foam or any other suitable material. The hardness and / or compressibility of the support pad material t are selected to provide the desired polishing characteristics (cutting rate, product life of the abrasive object, and surface gloss of the broken glass workpiece). The Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Bei Gong Xiao Cooperative Cooperative Seals The support pads may have a continuous and relatively flat surface on which the abrasive objects are fixed. Alternatively, the ' support pad may have a discontinuous surface in which a series of & starting and lower portions are stored, to which the abrasive article is secured. In the case of a discontinuous surface, the abrasive article may be fixed only to the raised portion. Conversely, 'one abrasive article segment can be fixed to more than one raised portion so that the entire abrasive article is not fully supported. The discontinuous surface in the support is selected to provide the desired water-fluid flow and desired polishing characteristics (cutting rate, product life of the abrasive object, and surface gloss of the glass workpiece). Or 'within the scope of the present invention, the backing of the abrasive object is used as a support ----- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X29? Mm> at — ~ ---__ Β7 5. Description of the invention (39) Gasket. For example, the backing may be a foam backing, such as polyurethane foam. The supporting gasket may have any shape, such as circular, rectangular, square, oval Shape, etc. The size (longest dimension) of the support pad can range from about 5 cm to 1500 cm. Attachment device Friction objects are fixed to the support pad by an attachment device. This attachment device can be pressure-sensitive adhesive, hooks and wool Ring attachment, mechanical attachment or permanent adhesive ° This attachment device should enable the abrasive object to be firmly fixed to the support cymbal 'and overcome the harsh conditions of glass polishing (humid environment, heat generation and pressure). Suitable for the pressure of the present invention Representative examples of inductive adhesives include crepe latex 'rosin' acrylic polymers and copolymers, such as polybutyl acrylate, polyacrylic acid, vinyl ethers, such as polyvinyl n-butyl ether, alcohols Acid resin adhesives, rubber adhesives, such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, chlorinated rubber 'and mixtures thereof. This pressure-sensitive adhesive can be coated with water or dissolved J »In some cases, it is preferred to use rubber as The pressure-sensitive adhesive of the base material is coated with a non-polar organic solvent. Alternatively, the pressure-sensitive adhesive may be a transfer glazing tape or the abrasive article may include a hook and loop type attachment system to fix the abrasive article. To the support pad. The terry fabric can be on the backside of the coated abrasive, where the hooks are attached to the backing pad. Alternatively, the hooks can be on the backside of the coated abrasive, where the loops are attached to the backing On the gasket. This type of hook and loop type attachment system is further described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,60,581, 5,254,194. < 297 public love) (please read the note on the back 1 and then _ this page), speech 31. Printed by the Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, 41130 ^ A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (40) and 5,505,747 , And PCT W0 95/19242. Examples The following test procedures and non-limiting examples further illustrate the invention. All parts, percentages, ratios, etc. in the examples are weight ratios, unless stated otherwise And. ^ RPP test procedure "Process" uses a "BUehlerECmet4 ... variable-speed grinding and polishing machine with a" Buehler EcometS "power head mounted on it, both of which are commercially available from Buehler Industries (Lake Bhlff, D1). This test was performed using the following conditions: The motor speed was set at 500 rpm, with a force of 50 pounds, and it was about 7.1 psi (about 50 kPa) on the surface area of the glass test fury. A flat round glass test blank is provided, which has a 7.62 cm (3 inch) direct control and a thickness of about 1.0 cm, which is commercially available from Coming Glass Company under the trade name c〇rmng #. This glass material was placed in the power head of a grinding and polishing machine. When the power head (where the glass test blank is fixed) is rotated clockwise at 35 rpm, the 12-inch aluminum flat table of the lapping and polishing machine is rotated counterclockwise. The abrasive article to be tested was die cut into a 203 cm (80 inch) diameter circle and directly adhered to a urethane backing pad with a pressure-sensitive adhesive, which has a Shore A hardness of about 90 hardness Counting. The urethane backing gasket was attached to an open-celled flexible foam gasket having a thickness of about 30 mm and cut from a piece of the flexible foam. Assemble this gasket on the aluminum platform of the grinding / polishing machine. "Tap water is sprayed on the friction object at a flow rate of about 3 liters / minute to provide lubrication between the surface of the friction object and the glass test blank (please first Read the note on the back-then on this page): Pack. Order

Seal of tJq Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives, Central Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Α7 Β7 V. Description of Invention (41) Function. In order to provide a glass test blank that is substantially similar to the original surface brightness (that is, before polishing with abrasive articles), each glass test blank is rubbed with a metal-bonded diamond abrasive article, which can be branded " 3M Flexible Diamond M125, commercially available from 3M (St Paul, _. These diamond particles have an average particle size of about 125 microns. The initial surface on the glass test blank _ luminosity was evaluated with a diamond recorder surface photometer. It is commercially available under the trade name Surtroon [C3 (112 / 1518_822323) from Taylor Hobson $ dcester, England). The initial weight of the glass test blank was also recorded. The initial surface luminosity or Ra (R) used to evaluate abrasive articles according to the present invention typically falls into three major categories: about 12 microns or greater, about 0.2 microns or greater, and about 0.05 microns or greater. The glass test blank was polished using the above-mentioned grinding / polishing machine. The polishing / polishing machine t polishing time interval is set at 15 seconds or 10 seconds. However, the real-time contact between the abrasive object and the surface of the glass test blank was found to be longer than this set time, because the grinding / polishing machine does not start timing until the abrasive object is stabilized on the surface of the glass test blank. That is, it is found that the abrasive object has some rebound or jumping on the glass surface, and the grinding / polishing machine only starts timing when the contact between the abrasive object and the glass surface is substantially constant. Therefore, 'real-time polishing interval, which means friction The contact time between the object and the glass surface is about 25 seconds or less when the polishing interval is set to 15 seconds or 10 seconds. After polishing ', the final surface gloss and final weight were recorded separately. The glass test weight change divided by the polishing time is based on the original paper ruler with the glass material removed.

A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (42) Gram display. Record the cutting rate (grams of glass material removed) and Ra 値 0. The following dimples are used throughout the example: Material Description UAO Urethane Acrylate-commercially available from Morton International (Chicago, IL), whose trade name is UVITHANE 893; HDDA 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate; commercially available from Sartomer Corporation (Exton, PA); its trade name is SR238; TPDA II and tripropylene glycol It is commercially available from Sartomer (Exton, PA) under the trade name SR 306; PH2 2-fluorenyl-2-N, N-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinyl-benzene ) -1-butanone photoinitiator, commercially available from Ciba Geigy (Greensboro, NC) under the trade name IRGACURE 369; ACH 1, Γ-azobis (cyclohexanecarbonitrile), commercially available Bought from DuPont de

Nemours (Wnmington, .DE), whose trade name is VAZO 88; ASF Amorphous Silica Filler, is commercially available from DeGussa, Germany

GmbH, whose trade name is Aerosil R-972; TFS trifluoropropylmethylsiloxane defoamer, is commercially available from the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Government Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

Dow Corning Corporation (Midland, MI) under the trade name 7; DIA Industrial Diamond Particles (in various sizes), commercially available

Warren Diamond (Olyphant, PA), whose trade name is RB; and SIC silicon carbide abrasive particles (average size 60 microns), are commercially available

Norton Corporation (Worcester, MA). Surface morphology of abrasive composites _-45 -_ This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X 297) while 4113 ° 3 A7 _ B7 V. Description of the invention (43) The surface shape is made by the following procedure ' State A. A manufacturing tool is made by casting a polypropylene material on a metal master tool, the master tool having a casting surface that includes a collection of adjacent truncated pyramids. This metal master tool has been formed by a diamond turning process to form a polymer manufacturing tool containing a cavity, which is in the shape of a four-sided truncated pyramid. The height of each truncated pyramid is about 355 micrometers (14 mils), the bottom is about 1427 micrometers (1.4 mm) on each side, and the tip is about 1350 micrometers (1.35 mm) on each side. There is approximately 445 microns between the bottoms of adjacent truncated pyramids. The surface morphology B 'was made as described above except that the height of each frustoconical pyramid was about 760 microns, each bottom was about 880 microns on each side, and the top was about 640 microns on each side. There is approximately 127 microns between the bottoms of adjacent truncated pyramids. The composites in each of these surface states are precisely formed. Examples 1-18 Examples 1-9 were prepared by mixing __ listed in Table 1 (listed from left to right) and mixing in a high-shear air mixer for 30 minutes. The diamond (DIA) has an average particle size of 74 microns. Table 1 (Please read the lack of notes on the back before #write this page)

1Γit Example of printing by the Central Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Central Bayer Consumer Cooperative UAO HDDA TPDA P2 2 ACH ASF DIA SIC TFS DIA 1 60.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 5.00 0 0.10 5% 2 Ί 55.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 10.00 0 0.10 10% 3 50.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 15.00 0 0.10 15% 4 45.7 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 20.00 0 0.10 20% 5 35.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 30.00 0 0.10 30% 6 25.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 40.00 0 0.10 40% 7 55.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 5.00 5.00 0.10 8 45.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 10.00 10.00 0.10 9 35.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 15.00 15.00 0,10 -46-Moderate rule paper

I

Ns 格 Ｍ 公 41130¾ A7 ———— ____________B7 V. Outline of Invention (44) " ---- Preparation of Qingpan Objects The above-mentioned mixed abrasive slurry is coated and applied to manufacturing tools at room temperature using a rubber blade. In the mold cavity (surface morphology A). Next, a polyester film (108 micron thick) having an ethylene acrylic acid (EAA) primer on the surface was brought into contact with the abrasive slurry-coated manufacturing tool so that the abrasive slurry wet the backing with the primer. Square surface. Ultraviolet and visible light are then transmitted through the backing and into the abrasive slurry. _Link uses two lights. The two lamps are f'external light-visible light 'obtained from the Ultraviolet Light Corporation of the United States, which uses a medium-pressure mercury bulb and operates at 157.5 watts / cm (400 watts / inch). The maturation speed was about 7.62 m / min (25 feet / min). When exposed to ultraviolet light, the binder precursor system was converted into a binder, and the abrasive slurry system was converted into an abrasive composite. The manufacturing tool is then removed from the abrasive composite / backing. Examples 10-18 were prepared as described in Examples 1-9, except that the manufacturing tool used was surface morphology B. Examples 1-18 were tested using the RPP test procedure with a polishing time interval of about 25 seconds as described above. The input Ra is about 1.4 to 1.5 microns. The results are shown in Table 2 below. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ___- 47- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 > < 29? Mm)

4U30S

V. Description of the invention (45) Examples of removed raw materials Ra (microns) (g) 1 1.54 0.55 2 1.52 0.52 3 1.43-0.44 4 1.42 0.39 5 1.10 0.34 6 1.25-0.35 7 1.33 0.45 8 1.33 0.47 9 1.19 0.44 10 1.39 0.60 11 1.35 0.48 12 1.43 0.53 13 1.32 0.40 14 NA NA 15 1.13 0.36 16 1.08 0.52 17 1.17 0.43 18 1.17 0.39 Examples 19 and 20 (Surface Form A) printed by the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs are based on Example 1 -9, but the series of ingredients used are shown in Table 3 below. Examples 19 and 21 used a mixture of two diamond particles having a particle size of about 30 microns and about 45 microns. Examples 20 and 22 used a mixture of two diamond particles having a size of about 9 microns and about 15 microns. Examples 21 and 22 were made as described in Examples 19 and 20 except that the manufacturing tool used was surface form B. Examples 19 and 20 were tested using glass test blanks polished with the abrasive articles of Examples 4, 7, 8 and 9. So 'finally Ra 値 becomes the input Ra 値 of Examples 19-22. Use as described in Example 1-18? Test procedure 'test-48 -____ —----- _ ________ — ^ This paper size is applicable to China Gujia Mou (CNS) Λ4 specification (210x297 Gonglu 41 4130) V. Description of the invention (46) Examples 19 and 21 Then, using the abrasive articles of Examples 20 and 22, these glass test hairs were polished by using the RPP test procedure with a polishing time interval of about 25 seconds as described above. Therefore, an boring system was evaluated, which included the method according to the present invention. The abrasive article of the invention, the polishing sequence is Example 4, 7, 8 and 9 (average diamond particle size is about 74 microns); Example 19 (two diamond particle sizes of about 30 microns and about 45 microns blend) and examples 20 (a blend of two diamond particles with a size of about 9 microns and about 15 microns). The initial Ra before polishing in Examples 4, 7, 8, and 9 was about 1.4 microns or larger. The results are shown in Table 4. Table 3 Examples UAO HDDA TPDA PH2 ACH ASF TFS DIA DIA 19/21 45.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 0.10 15.00 (30 microns) 5.00 (45 microns) 20/22 45.80 30.60 0 1.00 0.50 2.00 0.10 15.00 (9 microns) 5.00 ( 15 microns). Table 4 Example Ra Example Ra Ra example Ra 4 0.39 7 0.45 8 0.47 9 0.44 19 0.06 19 0.07 19 0.08 19 0.08 20 0.04 20 0.03 20 0.04 20. 0.04 The results in Table 4 confirm that the addition of silicon carbide particles in abrasive objects with larger grain size Before polishing with two kinds of abrasive objects with smaller particle size, the surface luminosity will not be improved, but the overall luminosity is not adversely affected.

Edge_Comparative Example A-F Comparative Example A-F was made as described in Example μ9, but using the paper rule listed in Table 5; _4U3〇3 25. Composition of the invention (47). Regarding each pair of examples (meaning A and B ' C and D, E and F), the first example uses surface morphology A, and the second example uses surface morphology B. Silicon carbide particles (SIC) have an average particle size of 60 microns. Comparative Examples A-F were tested as described in Examples 1-18 above. Operate two samples from each instance; list two results. These results are shown in Table 6 below. Ra and Rtm 値 are the average of five measurements for each abrasive article tested. Table 5-Examples UAO HDDA TPDA PH2 ACH ASF SIC TFS SIC A / B 60.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 5.00 0.10 5% C / D 55.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 10.00 0.10 10% E / F 50.70 7.70 23.00 1.00 0.50 2.00 15.00 0.10 15% Table 6 Raw material removed (t) Example A 0.01 Example B Example C Example D Example E Example F—0.01 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.05 Average Ra 0.81 0.90 1.21 0.70 0.73 0.52 Raw material removed (g) 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.05 Average Ra 1.17 0.95 0.69 0.71 0.74 0.96 Printed by Fangong Consumer Cooperative of Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) "Eight IWJ ~ Zuo Wei 1 dry, where you kiss The friction object of the invention removes less glass raw material, as in the example in Table 2.] ^ ° Furthermore, there is no difference in polishing between the surface form A and the surface form B. Sheet paper

411303 ΑΊ ______ Β7 1 " ____ Five 'Explanation of invention (48)

Comparative Examples G-S The following group of examples, Comparative Examples G to S, demonstrate the ability of Example 20, which contains 20% of diamond particles with an average annual diameter of about 9 microns and about 15 microns. Comparative Examples G-S are commercially available and other similar abrasive articles. After polishing the abrasive articles of Example 4 (average diamond particle size of about 74 microns) and Example 19 (two diamond particle sizes of about 30 microns and about 45 microns), these were tested on a glass test blank The abrasive article e used the above test procedure to evaluate the abrasive article under test, but using a silicone foam gasket having a ShoreA hardness of about 65 durometer degrees instead of the urethane open-cell 'soft hair Bubble gasket. As mentioned above, changes on the entire backing sheet are expected to affect the polishing performance to the grams of raw material removed, and the surface luminosity is indicated by Ra 値 "In addition, the" polishing time "in the table below" is Refers to the polishing time actually set on the polishing / grinding machine device. In the case of Example 4, there is no frictional object: polishing-light-front lacks no Ra; the thickness is about = 1.4 microns or larger. Table 7 Example 4 19 20 "light time 15 seconds 15 seconds 10 seconds removed material (g) 1.2 0.18 0 average Ra 0.32 0.07 0.03 The data shown in Table 7 confirm that the changes on the backing sheet do affect the direction The number of grams of raw material removed from a glass test wool top using an abrasive article comprising abrasive particles of three size ranges according to the present invention. However, after polishing the abrasive article of Example 20 (a blend of two diamond particles having a size of about 9 micrometers and about 15 micrometers), 'the optical test is substantially optically transparent on the glass test wool __51-this paper is universal China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (2 丨 〇 < 297 ^^) ~ '-(谙 Please read the note on the back first, then _

Order >. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 411303 A7 _____________ B7 Five 'Invention Note (49) " Surface brightness. For Comparative Examples G-S, polishing was tested using the RPP test procedure as described above for Examples 20 and 22. The results are shown below. Comparative Example G is a metal-bonded diamond abrasive article, which can be traded under the brand name "Flexible Diamond M20 (3M 6001J)" purchased from Shifangfang She Mining and Manufacturing Company (St. Paul, MN) (hereinafter referred to as " 3M "). This diamond particle has an average particle size of about 20 microns "-a comparative example: a metal-bonded diamond abrasive article, commercially available under the brand name" 3Μ Flexible Diamond Μ10 (3M 6001J) " From 3M. This diamond particle has an average particle size of about 10 microns. Table 8 Example 4 19 Comparative Example G Comparison Example Example Removed Material (g) — 0.2 0.02 1.56 0.79 Light time 10 seconds 10 seconds 10 seconds 10 seconds Average Ra 0.23 0.06 · 0.61 0.35 Comparative Example I is a custom Silicon carbide overlapping abrasive articles are commercially available under the trade name "Imperial Microfinish Film S / CPSA (3M468L)" from 3M. The silicon carbide particles have an average particle size of about 9 microns. Examples 4 and 19 and Comparative Example I were tested as described above. The input Ra was about 1.59 microns. Table 9 Example 4 19 Comparative Example I Polishing time 15 s 15 s 10 s Average Ra 0.24 0.06 0.04 _ — _ — 52- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CMS) A4 (210X 297 mm) 41130¾ V. Invention Explanation (50) Comparative example J is a conventional end-servoir who advises it & a self-injection rubbing object, which can be trademarked " Imperial micro-coated film S / C PSA (3M 468L) " commercially available from 3M This silicon carbide particle has an average particle size of about 15 micrometers. Examples 4 and 19 and Comparative Examples j # ,, 夂 Fan Mu see WJ you eucalyptus test as described above. Input Ra is about 1.42 microns and input _ is 15 35 microns β Table 10 Example 4 19 Comparative Example J Raw material removed (g) 0.78 0.09 〇〇4 Polishing time 15 seconds 15 seconds— '10 seconds average Ra. 0.24 0.06 0 〇5 average Rtm ^ 91 10.25 9.82 Examples 4 and 19 and Comparative Example 1 was tested as described above. The input is 1.50 microns and the Rtm input is 10.56 microns. Table 11 Example 4 19 Comparative Example J Comparative Example I 0.0 Raw material removed (g) 0.63 0.09 0.08 Polishing time 10 Seconds Γιο fTo seconds 10 seconds flat Ra 0.026 0.06 0.06 0.04 Average Rtm 3.42 4.22 5.91 7.77 Comparative Example K is a conventional alumina overlapping friction object, which can be printed by the Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the Consumer Cooperatives' printed name " Imperial Fre-Cut micro-coated film PSA (3M 266L ) " Available from 3M. This alumina particle has an average particle size of about 15 microns β. Examples 4 and 19 and Comparative Examples K were tested as described above. Input is 1.54 microns, and Rtm is 10.38 microns. " Moderate ruled paper of Chugong National University of China 7 9 2 V. Description of the invention (51 A7 B7 Table 12 Example 4 19 Comparison of removed raw materials (g) 0.95 0.13 0.0 Polishing time 15 seconds 15 seconds 10 seconds flat horse Ra 0.29 0.07 ---- — — 0.06 Average Rtm 2.44 '0.90 0.84 Comparative Example L is a conventional diamond overlapping friction object, which can be branded " Imperial Diamond overlapping film 3 mil backing (3M 662X) " commercially available From. This diamond particle has an average particle size of about 15 microns. Comparative Example M is a conventional diamond-overlapping abrasive article, available under the trade name "Imperial Diamond Overlay Film 3 Mill Backing (3M 662 ×)", which is commercially available. Diamond particles have an average particle size of about 9 microns. Examples 4 and 19 And Comparative Examples L and M were tested as described above. The input Ra is 1.41 microns. Table 13 Please read back the note of Sr first. Next, order the printing example of the Central Laboratories of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Standards Bureau, Shellfish Consumer Cooperative. Example 4 19 Comparative example L "Comparative example M Raw material removed (g) 0.21 0.02 0.02 0.01 Polishing time 10 seconds 10 Seconds 10 seconds 10 seconds average Ra 0.19 0.08 0.08 0.06 Comparative Example N is a conventional resin-bonded diamond abrasive article, which can be traded under the brand name " Imperial Diamond Overlay Film P-Type PSA (3M 664X) " commercially available 3M. This diamond particle It has an average particle size of about 9 microns. Examples 4 and 19 and Comparative Examples N are tested as described above. The input Ra is about 1.34 microns. The sheet-fi4-L degree is applicable to the Chinese family standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇X 297mm) 411303 V. Description of the invention (S2) Table 14 Example 4 19 Comparative example N Raw material removed (g) 0.44 0.07 0.02 Polishing # 15 seconds 15 seconds 10 seconds average Ra 0.23 0.07 0.06 Comparative example 0 is a kind Customized beaded diamond abrasive articles can be trademarked " Imperial Diamond Overlay Film p-type PSA (3M 666X) _ • Shi Lin is available from 3M. This diamond particle has an average particle size 9 micron β Example 4 and 19 and Comparative Example 0 were tested as described above. The input is 1,60 μm. Table 15 Example 4 19 Comparative Example 0 The original oblique m removed 0.68 0.09 0.04 Polishing time 15 seconds 15 seconds 10 Second average Ra 0.25 0.06 0.08 Comparative Example P is a conventional alumina overlapping friction object, which can be sold under the trade name `` Imperial Fre-Cut Micro-coated Film PSA (3M 206L) " commercially available from 3M. This alumina particle has an average particle Size is about 9 microns

The Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standard 3?-Bureau employee consumer cooperative printed M Examples 4 and 19 and Comparative Examples K and P are tested as described above. Input Ra is 1-72 microns and input Hanga is 11.62 microns. Table 16 Example 4 19 Comparative example K Comparative example P ^ Removed raw materials (g) 0.55 0.11 0.01 0.0 Polishing time 10 seconds 10 seconds 10 seconds 10 seconds Average Ra 0.31 0.08 0.06 0.05 Average Rtm 2.86 0.85 0.64 0.61 -55-L degree Applicable to China National Standard (cns) A4 specification (210X297 mm) I sheet of paper 411303 five A7 B7 'Invention description (53) Examples 4 and 19 and Comparative Example T are tested as described above. The input Ra is about 1.47 microns. Table 17 Example 4 19 Comparative Example P Raw materials removed (g) 0.45-0.07 0.0 Polishing time 15 s 15 s 10 s Average Ra 0.22 0.06 0.06 Comparative Example Q was made as described in Example 20, but the abrasive used The particles are white alumina having a 50/50 blend with an average particle size of about 9 and about 15 microns. Examples 4 and 19 and Comparative Example Q were tested as described above. The input Ra is about 1.51 microns. Table 18 Example 4 19 Comparative Example Q Raw materials removed (g) 0.28 0.03 0.01 Polishing time 15 sec. 15 sec. 10 sec. Average Ra 0.15 0.05 0.06 Comparative Example R was prepared as described in Example 20, but using carbonization Rare abrasive particles replace white oxide. Comparative example S is a friction object containing thorium oxide particles, and is made as described below. This abrasive slurry contains the following ingredients: BP1: isopentaerythritol tetraacrylate. Commercially available from Sartomer Company (Exton, PA) under the trade name 1SR 2951; BP2, 2-phenoxyethyl acetate Resin, which is commercially available from sartomer company, whose trade name is 1SR3391; -5E-L degree is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297); 411303 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (54) CA1: 3- Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane coupling agent is commercially available from OSI Special Products Company (Danbury, CT), and its trade name is 1A-1741; PH7: 2,4,6-trimethylbenzene Formamidine-diphenyl-phosphine oxide liquid photoinitiator, commercially available from BASF (Charlotte, NC), with a trade name of 1 Lucirin LR 88931; CEO1: Hafnium oxide abrasive particles having an average particle size of about 0.5 microns, Commercially available from Rhone Poulenc (Shelton, CT), and APS: anionic polyester surfactants, commercially available from ICI America Inc. (Wilmington, DE) under the trade names 1FP41 and " PS4 ". The abrasive article of Example 1 was made from the abrasive slurry formulation described in Table 19. Table 19 Materials Weight% BP1 6.85 BP2 6.85 CA1 0.84 APS 1.26 PH7 0.47 CEOl 83.74 Printing by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This abrasive article is made from the oxidized concrete slurry with the above formula. The abrasive article contains a precision-formed abrasive composite. The cerium oxide particles have an average particle size of about 0.3 m. Examples 4 and 19 and Comparative Examples R and S were tested using the test procedure described above, except that the polishing times are indicated in Table 20. The input Ra is about 1.46 microns. z3JL · _ This paper size is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4 now (210X 297 mm) A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (55) Table 20

-I Example 4 19 Comparative example R Comparative example S Raw material removed (g) 0.25 0.0 0.0 ------- 丨 __ 0,0 Polishing time 10 seconds 10 seconds 10 seconds 10 seconds Average Ra 0.15 0.07 * 0.05 0.06 ~~ 'The frictional object in Comparative Example GS is not so effective in producing a luminosity close to an optically transparent surface when compared with the results achieved by the frictional object of Example 20 above. Although Ra 値 is comparable to that achieved using the abrasive article of Example 20, it has been found that the glass test blank polished using the abrasive article of Comparative Example G_s shows an overall blurred surface luminosity, part of which is Shows deep scratches.

Comparative Example TW The glass polishing article of the present invention is as in Example 4 (abrasive particles with an average size of about 74 microns), Example 19 (abrasive particles with an average size of about 30 microns and about 45 microns), and Example 20 (average size is about 9 Micron and 15 micron abrasive particles) The three-part abrasive object system shown 'compares it to a structured abrasive pad system, which contains oxidized abrasive particles with average sizes of 125 microns, 35 microns, 10 microns, and 5 microns 'Individuals are comparative examples τ, u, v, and W. _ A copy of these grinding tablets printed by an employee consumer cooperative of the Central Standard Bureau of the Ministry of Economics is typically used for grinding at any time. They can be individually branded under the brand names A125MIC3M268XAAO, A35MIC3M268XAAO, A10MIC 3M 268XA AO, and A 5 MIC 3M 268XA AO. Since 3M (St. Paul, MN). The scales of the nuclei are applicable to China's standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 411303 A7 B7 56 V. Description of the invention (Table 21 Example TUVW Raw materials transferred (g) 8.05 2.06 0.58 0.16 0.10 0.03 0.01 0.01 Polishing time 15 sec. 15 sec. 15 sec. 10 sec. 1,000 averaging Ra 1.97 0.43-0.17 0.08, _w " Small " from the glass test blank, when compared with the results shown in Table 7 of the present invention _ friction object, fineness is not shown Surface luminosity. Furthermore, it is also found that the surface luminosity produced by using the abrasive article of Comparative Example TW is more blurred than that produced by the abrasive article of the present invention. Various modifications and changes of the present invention do not depart from the scope and spirit of the present invention. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and it should be clear that the present invention is not unduly limited to the illustrative specific embodiments presented in this article. 阅读 First read the notes on the back page to order the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Central Standards Bureau Ordnance Industry Cooperatives -59 This paper is of suitable size; η Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 is now (210X297 mm)

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Claims (1)

411303 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. Application details ^ ~ 1. ~ Abrasion objects, including: a backing; and at least one three-dimensional abrasive coating, which is dispersed in an adhesive. It is bonded to the backing Diamond particles on the surface. The binder contains a cured binder precursor. The precursor includes a urethane acrylate oligomer. The abrasive article can be polished using an RPP procedure with a polishing interval of about 25 seconds. The initial Ra of about 0.05 microns or larger on the glass test blank dropped to a final Ra of about 0.05 microns or smaller. 2. The abrasive article according to item i of the application, wherein the at least one abrasive coating comprises a plurality of precision-shaped composites. 3 ' The abrasive article according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the at least one abrasive coating comprises a plurality of irregularly shaped composites. 4. According to the order of the patent, the frictional article of Item 2, wherein each precision-molded composite includes a bottom portion 'with a surface area defined by the top portion not exceeding about 60%. 5. The abrasive article according to item 1 of the application, wherein the diamond particles have an average size of about 0.01 micrometers to about 300 micrometers. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 6. According to the friction object of the first patent application scope, the diamond particles have an average size of about 74 microns. 7. The friction object according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the binder precursor contains ethylenically unsaturated monomers, selected from monofunctional acrylic monomers, difunctional acrylic monomers, and trifunctionals. Acrylate monomers and mixtures thereof. 8. —A glass polishing system, which includes at least one according to the scope of the patent application -60- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 mm) 6. Any one of the scope of patent applications 1-7 9. The abrasive glass polishing system according to item 8 of the patent application I & Park, which further includes three types of abrasive objects according to any one of items 1-7 of the patent application scope, wherein the three types of friction objects have a reduction Initially different capabilities. 10. A method of polishing a glass workpiece, comprising the steps of: contacting the glass workpiece with an abrasive article according to any one of the μ7 scope of the patent application, wherein the abrasive article can be used with a polishing interval The RPP procedure of about 25 seconds' removes about 0 75 grams or more of the glass raw material from the glass test blank; applying a liquid to the interface between the glass workpiece and the abrasive object; moving the glass workpiece and the abrasive object relative to each other; and The initial Ra is reduced to about 0.7 microns or lower. 11. A method for polishing a non-planar cathode ray tube glass object, comprising the following steps: The surface of the core of the cathode ray tube object is in contact with an abrasive article, the abrasive article comprising: a backing, and at least one three-dimensional abrasive coating on the surface of the backing, wherein the at least one three-dimensional abrasive coating comprises' many diamonds The particles are dispersed in the adhesive and adhered to the back surface of the printed surface of the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Interim Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs; in the presence of water, the convex surface of the cathode-ray tube glass-breaking object and the friction object are moved relative to each other ; And reduce the surface luminosity of the convex surface of the glass object of the cathode ray tube.-A device including a cathode ray tube, wherein the surface of the cathode ray tube breaks the glass object, which is polished by the method of item U of the patent application park. 61- Shi's Zhang scale applies t family standard (2 丨 0 ^ 297 public epidemic) ~~ ----- * __