TW409480B - Bi-directional data transmission and control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a bi-directional transmission and control system using one central process unit and a plurality of remote subscriber's machines. Each subscriber's machine has one terminal connected with the central processing unit by an appropriate transmission medium such as CATV channel. Each terminal has one demarcation plane used to separate the common circuits from many special modules, and a common bus is provided therebetween used for simplifying circuits, expanding application ranges and respective adaptation. Because the data transmission structure allows selectively querying any existent special modules or subscriber's machines at any time, and allows querying each subscriber's machine if any service needed or not at the same time, the demander can be found with the least querying times, whereby the spectral is used effectively and the querying frequency is raised. The data transmission protocol can be expanded or narrowed for each terminal without the effect from other terminals, so as to make data transmission between any two points in the system available. Since the system is localized, the failure of one area will not crash the whole system.

Description

409 Lion V. Description of the invention (1) Background of the invention 1 · Field of the invention The present invention relates to a two-way data transmission wheel that comes in and out of many terminals and in a central data processing location, < Special services, such as paid electricity, energy conservation, energy consumption, user response, and public meter reading systems, can be regularly inquired by a central computer controller for status verification and control using a single cATV channel. Two-way data transmission through a single CATV channel is a suitable example of monitoring multiple remote devices such as user inquiries, alarms, meter reading, τν channel selection, education, and medical services. The above-mentioned user response system (Subscriber Res ρ ο) nse System (SRS). The SRS provides each user with a data terminal (Terminal Modem, TM) connected to a predetermined channel, and includes a Local Processing Center, which is also connected to the CATV channel. It is used to query each TM periodically and sequentially. Each TM is equipped with sufficient hardware interface, wiring board and Block 'to turn specific analog / digital data into, say, 30 data input / output points into a message, and send the message to the central processing unit (CPU) through the selected CATV channel together with sufficient data transmission hardware / The CPU inquires each user in turn until the processing is completed, such as 1,000 users. After the inquiry, the CPU then accepts the user's service request. After completing the inquiry and service of the group of 1,000 users, Continue to the next set of mrai ιιηι

40948G V. Description of invention (2) User's treatment. The above-mentioned SRS system is very clumsy in some aspects. The modems and data messages used are finalized at the time of production, that is, the modems are only suitable for general users. 'Most of the situations are not too complicated or they are limited. "SRS system Another problem is that the length of the data message is fixed for each user, so it cannot be expanded for individual situations, and additional functions cannot be added. Please note that excess improper / data transmission if this is true for many users ’will result in waste and inefficiency of the data transmission media and limit the frequency of service to special users. The TM used in some systems (such as made by TOCOM, Inc.), the internal interface and the length of the data message are also fixed at the time of production, so it is as clumsy as the above situation. The TOCOM data transmission design uses three radio frequencies simultaneously. Carrier wave for reliable data transmission and cheap home receivers. In order to further increase the inquiry rate without increasing the data rate, Tocomm inquires multiple units C (such as 10) on a common frequency, and each unit responds to one of 10 different frequencies. Please note that this special The data transmission design uses too much -bandwidth 'to form an overly complex data control, while reducing the data transmission rate does not increase the frequency of inquiries. It is obvious from the above that the various data transmission designs, addressable data nodes, and related devices developed so far have inherently limited the data transmission system formed because the structure has been fixed during manufacture. Changeability.

409480 V. Description of the invention (3) ^ Clear purpose The general purpose of the present invention is to provide a flexible two-way data transmission and control system (hereinafter referred to as BDTCS), which can be widely adapted to various data transmission media 'including CATV' and can be used in the future. Development and expansion, whether its hardware or its data agreement. Its specific purpose is as follows: 1. Provide an intermediate interface for each terminal, install a common or general-purpose circuit in a first unit, and communicate with a special circuit that can be specially expanded by a common bus. This special circuit is placed in many special plug-in modules; 2. Provides general-purpose circuit architecture with internal adaptability; 3. Provides general-purpose circuit architecture with self-test mode; 4. According to Reliability and accuracy of data / transmission need to be adjusted for various functions, rather than stuffing the entire system with the complexity or accuracy required for specific functions; _ 5 · Provide a fail-safe system for each transmitter to Prevent the system from being paralyzed by a damaged transmitter; — 6. Provide a fail-safe system to prevent the system from being deliberately damaged; 7. Adapt the system to be used in various power systems; 8. Both in the transmitting section and the receiving section Add common components to make it cheap and accurate; 9. Adopt a data transmission design to make the most efficient use of the relevant spectrum; 1 0. Adopt a method that can quickly obtain information Transmission and reception design; 409480 V. Invention description (4)-11. Adopt a query design that can significantly increase-high query frequency | 12. Use a data transmission protocol, which can be charged or reduced relative to a specific terminal, without being affected by The impact of other terminals; '13. Use a data transfer agreement to allow data to be transferred between any point in the system (such as credit card verification machines, teletype machines and cash registers, etc.); 14. At any time throughout the system Provide selective inquiries and / or instructions for any special module; 1 5. Provide selective inquiries for any user in the entire system at any time; _ 16. · The call service for the alarm service provides a large indication for each user at the same time Asked for a while, and found the need for a service 'do not have to ask the important part of the system: and 17. Divide the entire system into many isolated areas to prevent the failure of a certain area to paralyze the entire system. _ SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A controller for the CATV used in the system adopting the present invention is provided with a controller. The size and complexity are selected according to the system to perform the functions of the present invention. The controller can be a manual teletypewriter (TTY), a simple microcomputer, or a more complex computer system, usually using a computer controller. The computer controller is provided with ready-made peripheral devices such as remote printers (may be placed in a fire brigade, police station, or police station), and other memory device types such as large magnetic disks, magnetic disks or magnetic tapes are also connected, so that Cautions can be obtained "on-line" to assist fire brigades, police stations, or service personnel.

40948C V. Description of the invention (5) Dispatched for maintenance work or other non-specific work. The interconnection function of the computer can be accessed from external resources or computers, such as banks, public computers, information centers, etc., determined by the needs of the CATV system, so that the data sent by the CATV system or the data required by the system can be free in both directions Passing between external resources and any point in the system. The computer controller is connected to a customer data machine, which accumulates data and converts it into a serial data string signal, using the existing technology and a unique format described later. Information is transmitted in FM mode. The carrier frequency is selected by the cable company and does not interfere with other services. This signal is mutually coupled with the head-end signal that is at least 1 OdB below the CATV picture carrier. (The signal received from the system is converted to a standard logic level in an AM receiver and converted from a serial format to a parallel format for computer control. The head-end modem uses the conventional receiver technology, but the transmission and reception of data is not encoded or a clock signal is added. The clock of the head-end receiver is synchronized with the phase of the returned original data stream. Use retu rn AM instead of the more common frequency shift keying to make the returned signals quickly available, because these returned signals have phase offsets with each other due to the difference in cable length between different remote terminals In a home environment, the so-called / Universal Addressable Data Terminal (UADT) of the present invention is connected in the same way as the conventional CATV connection. The power of the UADT can be provided by the CATV equipment. A power-on coupler is necessary. The signal passes through the UADT first, and then enters the TV U'V). Various modules are plugged into the UADT to provide users with specific eye services. CATV, movie selection of films clothes

409480 V. Description of the invention (6) Services, energy control, fire control and anti-theft control. However, users do not need CATV to have, for example, the alert service. In a commercial environment, ϋΑ〇τ connects in the same way as home connection, but because many companies do not use smart services, various modules are connected, such as alarms or energy control. Special buttons can be planned for credit card verification, cash register records, and other data disposal methods. Up to 256 modules can be loaded into this system as needed. The sequence of signals crosses an FM carrier as the CATV television signal passes

The coaxial connector enters the system. If necessary, an inductor will branch the incoming RF line to the power department, so that U can get power. In this case, a capacitor is widely used to pass power and instantaneous current with the rest only through the heart. The circuit of the signal, the isolation, the connector and the transmitter are connected in the up direction. The receiver combines many special features to provide accurate data processing capabilities and reliability, and is inexpensive. The receiver is crystal-controlled! Designed with few parts, including RF wheel-in amplifiers, preselectors, MOSFET mixers, crystal oscillators, and ceramic IF filters, IF, detectors, and audio amplifiers Synthesized into a 1C. A simple comparator and DC restoration circuit provide clear data for MPU. The core of the UADT is a microprocessor. A specially designed program (described later) connects the microprocessor (hereinafter referred to as Mϊ>) to the input data stream of the input / output (1 / 〇) port, and generates Synchronous clock signal. Alternatively, a commercial sequence can be used to convert parallel circuits. The head of the incoming signal and the address byte are compared to find the exact address. For a WRITE (write) refers to

409480 V. Description of the Invention (7) Order, the MPU sends the secondary address and message to the output bus of the data terminal. If it is a READ (read) instruction, the module obtains the same secondary address and output bus, and then forms a sequence of data and sends it to the central controller. The transmitter is a simple key-in CW (continuous wave) design, using existing technology and a tuned low-pass filter. The transmitter has four fail-safe systems to prevent accidental paralysis. The four types of fail-safe systems are: MPU data check to prevent data from being input into the transmitter; when continuous transmission occurs, the power supply is reduced; an RF monitoring point is checked by the MPU; when the above three types of faults occur, the UART can Ordered to blow the fuse leading to the terminal. ”The unique feature of this type of data system is the clock / regenerator. The clock is not programmed into the data stream because it makes the bandwidth information packet length too long, but the system The half frequency of the pulse frequency is paused between transmissions. All bytes of all messages are sent synchronously without header information. A phase-locked loop regenerator is used to directly extract the clock signal from the data. The regenerator circuit includes an edge. The finder 'drives an error amplifier, as long as data transmission occurs, it is compared with the internal free oscillation clock', which automatically vibrates. If an error occurs, the correction voltage is applied to the vibrator. Because the DATA or [dle (clock) clocks are presented continuously, choosing a longer time constant makes them require several clocks to shift or correct errors', which has proven to be very effective for reliable data transmission. Another feature is the establishment of an intermediate data bus, which includes 8 data lines and 8 address lines, as well as READ, (p. 10, page 409480, 5. Description of the invention (8) ------ -Control line, power can also be added to the terminal of the bus. There is also a pressable RF coaxial connector part. The setting of this bus is = plus flexibility and modularity. Use a small amount of The components can complete the early and early decoding of the bus and cheap services. In other words, this design allows many complex services or a large number of modules to coexist on UADT. The RF part of the bus can be connected to, for example, CATV Functions such as exchange and then use substantially newer modules can only be applied to this data bus, and can add functions that do not require RF alarms or energy control. „Other features and advantages of the invention and the complete nature of the invention The drawings, the following description and the scope of patent application will be more clearly and fully presented. J 圊 式 简 沭 Figure 1 is a full block diagram of the preferred example of fully adopting the UADT system. 'Home and commercial environments show their typical Line and service. Figure 2 is a block diagram of the preferred example of UADT. Figure 3 is a diagram of the actual external module of the preferred example of UADT. Figure 4 is a simple (SIMPLE) module for special plug-in modules. Schematic circle of a bus address decoder with few components "Figure 5 shows a more complex bus address decoder for multi-function plug-in modules, such as multi-user TV modules. Figure 6 is the most complex and versatile bus address decoder 'can make a plug-in module suitable for any bus sub address. Circle 7 is a system agreement diagram showing READ or WRITE messages For any modification of the UADT on the system, all characters are in ASCII code. 409480 V. Description of the invention (9) The eighth circle is an illustration of the actual external module, showing the bus through each plug-in module, and DAT A ONLY (data only) module and RF module width difference. Figure 9 is a block diagram of an interleaved receiver transmitter sharing a crystal oscillator. Figure 10 is a schematic box circle, showing a TV for TV And plug-in modules controlled by bonus channels (such as movies). Figure 11 is a The schematic block diagram 'shows a typical plug-in module for home alarm service. Figure 12 is a logic flow chart showing the simple circle of Mpu f functions under various conditions. Figure 13 shows The schematic diagram of the clock regeneration circuit / is used to draw the clock of the UADT from the data stream. Detailed description of the invention Now turning to the drawings, first look at Figures 1 and 2, which show the two-way data transmission and control system (BJ of the present invention) ) TCS) 20 example, plus a pair of terminal user application examples. The BDTCS 20 of the present invention uses a CATV head end, which includes a computer 22 in the middle and position for data processing operations, the size of the computer It is selected for a specific system or task, but it can be changed using a simple controller, a manual teletypewriter, or a complex computer system. In an embodiment, the brain is a dual DEC PDP / 11 controller, manufactured by Digido, and has a m-terminal print terminal 24 ′ according to the data protocol setting program.

409480 V. Description of the invention (10) Multiple users provide: (a) control of local off-air TV stations, information channels and weather channels; (b) control of premium movie services, paid To watch; (c) input alarm, fire alarm, emergency alarm panel (firefighting, police station, hospital) and monitoring of a rotating light; and (d) energy saving, including cooling, water temperature control, outdoor lighting, irrigation control, Load balancing, etc. The computer 22 shown in the CATV headend is usually equipped with a variety of off-the-shelf peripheral equipment 'and may have a remote printer placed in the fire brigade, police station, or factory police station' to identify problem areas or optimal routes. Other memory devices such as ^ large disks, disks, or magnetic tapes can also be connected to allow information to be accessed online 'to assist in the dispatch or processing of fire brigades, police stations, energy departments, and other services. Provides computer 22's interconnection capability to connect external resources or computers' & BDTcs systems placed in banks, utilities and other information centers, so the data sent by the system or the data required by the system can be freely accessed in and out of the system in both directions Between any points. The computer 22 is connected to an accumulator 23, and the accumulator 23 stores the information information from the computer until the information is completely stored and the system starts to obtain the information. A customer modem 26 uses existing technology to convert the signal into a serial data string, the format of which will be discussed later with reference to circle 7. Serial data processing = machine 28 is transmitted in FM mode, and the carrier frequency is selected by, for example, the right-line television company, and does not conflict with existing services. Transmission media

409480 V. Description of the invention (π) Some CATV channels, but other media such as special coaxial cables can also be used. In the CATV mode, for example, the signal is coupled to the head-end signal at a level that is at least 10 dB below the CATV picture carrier. Each user sets up a terminal 30. Its structure can operate in any two frequency ranges. Independent transmitting and receiving modules are available, but the cheaper and better system is to use interleaved frequency transmitting / receiving (TRANSMIT / RECEIVE) module, which shares a crystal oscillator 31, and the receiver 32 (Figure 2) uses the voltage divider 41 to 2, 3, 4 '5 times the frequency of the transmitter 34 plus the IF (intermediate frequency) frequency ( (Typically 10MHz) operation. A common example is to use a 74MHz receiver and a 32MHz transmitter, and the receiver is a broadband FSI (the device 'transmitter is a typed CW type'. These are the best from the perspective of reliability / economics. It can be clearly seen from the 9 circle that the signal entering the receiver is amplified by the RF amplifier and preselector 33, and is combined with the signal of the crystal oscillator 31 and the power splitter 39 in the mixer 35, and the formed signal passes through the IF stage 37. , Then note = phase locked phase sampler. The signals of the oscillator 31 and the power splitter 39 are divided by an integer (N) in the voltage divider 41, and then sent by the RF transmitter 43 under the control of the keypad 45. Receive The frequency of the machine 32 plus or minus the ip frequency divided by n is equal to the frequency of the transmitter 43. The best integer n is 2, 3, 4. Refer to Figure 1, the signal received from the user terminal 30 is AM Receiver 36 20% quasi logic only quasi-injected sequence to parallel converter 38 and phase shifter The clock signal dominated by the phase shifter corrects the system time delay after phase shifting, and then sends the clock to a client The modem 38 converts these signals from the sequence to the computer 22 for use. Note that the transmission of data

409480 V. Description of the invention (12) The input and reception are uncoded and the winter signal is transmitted by another clock signal. The clock signal is a phase-locked loop regenerator C in the home terminal (ie, 40 in Figure 2) and The phase shifter in the CATV head-end device is reproduced from the raw data stream, as described below. With particular reference to Fig. 13, the receiver clock-locked loop regenerator 40 of the terminal 30 uses a sample-hold or phase-locked loop gating amplifier to lock a locally tuned LC oscillator 47 with the data. The data is converted into a narrow pulse 'whose leading edge coincides with each number of bit transitions. This pulse triggers a sample-and-hold strobe amplifier 57 on each edge thereof. If an error is detected when the strobe is triggered, an error voltage is generated and stored by the storage capacitor 5 丨.

Page 15 --4094311 --- The description of the five inventions (13) even "The advantages of this interface concept include circuit simplification, application field expansion, and adjustment of individual services required by users. As shown in Figure 1, system connections in a commercial environment are similar to home connections, except that many companies may not use TV services. Various special modules 44 are connected to services such as alarms and energy control, and other special modules also form special services, such as cash register 5 shown, credit card verification machine, pay list and other data transactions, at least 256 special modules can be connected to the UADT common circuit 46 as needed. The common circuit 46 of the BDTCS 20 includes a unique programmable universal addressable data terminal (hereinafter referred to as UADT) to effectively use the frequency spectrum, and allows any existing query to be selectively inquired at any time. Special modules or users significantly increase the frequency of inquiry 'and because it allows each user's service request to be inquired at the same time, the user who called is found with the least amount of inquiry. As can be clearly seen in Figure 2, the UADT 46 is installed inside the terminal 30 and contains — many functional modules, such as a power module 54, a receiver module 32, a transmitter module 3 4, a control module 5 6, and a UART. Module 5 8, a microprocessor 6 0 and a 19-line I / 0 data bus 5 2 »Power module 5 4 is appropriately designed to provide + 15 and + 5 VDC, and convert AC (alternating current into A 30. 5 VDC is used for general memory functions, such as meter reading, recall and alarm when power is interrupted, etc. An inductor 62 taps the incoming line 64 to isolate the RF 彳 s number from the power module, and Connect the F signal to the power module, so that the terminal 30 can get power from the cable (if needed) ^ an isolation capacitor

Page 16 V. Description of the invention (14) 66 Isolate the cable power from the instantaneous current of the terminal, and pass the "signal." The receiver module 32 combines many special functions to provide accurate data processing capabilities and reliability, and it is cheap. The receiver is crystal controlled and uses a small number of components for the FM design. 'As shown in Figure 9, it includes an input Ri? Amplifier and preselector 33, a MOSFET mixing amplifier 35, a single crystal oscillator 31, and a ceramic IF filter. Filter 37, filter 37 is a single 1C, including IF, detector and audio amplifier. A simple comparator and DC rhino circuit provide clear information for microprocessor 6 (hereinafter referred to as MPU 60). UADT The complete digital function of 46 is performed by MPU 60. Once MPU 60 is properly programmed according to the teachings of the present invention (as shown in Figure 2 and discussed later), it locks the incoming data stream on an I / O port , And generate a synchronous clock. As explained more fully in conjunction with Figure 7 below, the address 160 of the incoming signal is compared until the address is read. The MPU then compares the secondary address 1 6 2 and the message 1 6 4 , 1 6 6 and data confluence 5 2 Locked to send to a special module (ie, 48, 49 in Figure 3 and Figure 8). If ordered by READ, the module will select the same secondary address and data bus, and send the data Reproduced into a sequence form and sent to the central computer 22 via the transmitter 34 and the signal line 64. The transmitter 34 is a simple key-in CW (continuous wave) design, using existing technology and components, and then a tuned LP (low-pass) filter (not shown) Λ transmitter 34 is equipped with four fail-safe systems to prevent accidental paralysis. 'As long as one is missing, the entire system may be locked. Safety measures are: (a) MPU 60 Programming can detect whether the data is continuously sent to the transmitter 34;

Page 17 ---- 4Ω9480 V. Description of the invention (15) (b) When continuous transmission occurs, the power module 54 stops; (c) The programming of the MPU 60 can check the swollen monitoring points; (d) The above occurs The three failure necks' jjadt 46 may blow out the fuse 45 connecting the transmitter 34 and the power module 54 without order. As is apparent from Fig. 13 'the unique feature that the receiver of the present invention does not require additional bandwidth is that the BDTCS 20 pauses between > data transmissions at a half-rate clock signal 80. All the messages heard are transmitted synchronously. There is no header information in each byte. The malformed pulse signal is directly taken out from the data using the phase-locked data sampler 49. This circuit drives a gated error amplifier for an edge finder 81. 7 . = When data transmission is to occur, v is compared with the internal free-running variable-resistance tuning oscillator 47. If there is an error, a corrected voltage is applied to the oscillator 47. Because the clock of DATA or pause is continuously presented and a longer time constant is selected, many clock transition times are required to shift or correct the error. As can be clearly seen in Figure 8, An extremely important feature is to provide a "line data bus 52, which is shared by UADT 46 and special modules (ie, 48, 49, etc.), and includes a push-type RF coaxial connector 90 and a coaxial cable 92. The data bus 52 and cable 92 each include 8 data lines 94, 8 addresses, READ line 98, WRITE line 90, 100, etc. 'The significance of these features is to allow external modularity and expandability. However, as explained more fully below, 'the design of the secondary address contains parallel ASC π energy ° force' combined with the information / commands / requests of the gate line to enter and exit into multiple special groups, the circuit of each module is specific Designed for the application. 'Additional' design can accommodate complex modules and / or a large number of modules. If necessary, " ^ 模 # __- 40 ^ 480 5. Description of the invention (16), the group can contain RF part of the bus, such as CATV switching function, etc. Close to the connector to reach the bus, it can also accommodate the function that does not require RF alarm or energy control. Now referring to Figures 1, 4, 1, and 6 in particular, the protocol built by the system is a self-test mode to provide Reliable system operation. System computer 2 2 (Figure 1) Generate READ / WRITE query sequence. The command sequence is converted to WRITE function on bus 52, and the new status of the bus is read and transmitted to the central computer 22 The comparison between the data sent and the data returned is the self-test mode. It can test errors and calculate the accumulated error rate. On the other hand, the s-sentence sequence of read ONLY sends the bus information or status to the central computer to check The state of the terminal 30 'but does not interfere with the state of the bus β At the module level, additional instruction combinations and checks and capability reports are easy to implement based on functional complexity and error implication, for example, user control, multiple The sequence instructions are required for connection and disconnection. For a data ^ input module, if high accuracy is required, the core can be implemented in the plug-in module and 〇. The module is on the bus 52 The address decoding is handled in several ways according to the required flexibility. · SIMPLE decoding mode (Figure 4) The special modules are divided into one of the eight sub-addresses and placed in their respective bits. The jumper 11 is loaded on the body, and after a stable period of time, a read means that the bus is set to the turn-on mode, and the module data on the 8-bit line is sent to the UADT 7 and transmitted to the central office. This design A secondary address of 5 is used to explain how the jumper 11 and a decoder of 4 to 16 are grouped to 12 secondary addresses. In addition, the sixth circle shows the status of the comparison switch 114 and the bus 409480. Description of the invention (17) 52 shows the secondary address 162 and easily obtains 2 56 secondary addresses. Continuously reading the READ instruction of the secondary address sequentially transmits the 8-bit data bytes of the module. This is very useful for slower data transfers such as credit card verification machines and cash registers. The WRITE instruction reverses the bus 52 so that the 8-bit byte of the central computer 22 can activate the module's function. The bus 52 is bidirectional on 8 lines 96. "8-bit bytes, plus 8 secondary address lines 94, a READ line 98, a WRITE line 99, and a SIMPLE line 100. Add in this combination The sub-address design in Figures 4, 5, and 6 and the interface concept in Figure 3, so that a single UADT 46 can control up to 2 56 various modules or complex functions. "Because special modules (such as modules 4 9) 256 switch closing instructions can be generated, and; 256 switch closures are measured at the secondary address, and (each secondary address can accept parallel bytes (such as ASC 11 code), so the present invention is flexible , Powerful, and can be easily adjusted to almost any specific environment with minimal duplication of hardware "-The message protocol is set on the system, but can be determined by the user. Usually the S IMPLE secondary address is allocated to the whole The system becomes a common function, that is, the secondary address TWO is TV and pay TV, THREE is the security system, FOUR is energy control, etc. The sequence information in and out of each part is encapsulated into an indefinite byte length, which reduces the query time of the entire system. Data is packaged and sent to all user terminals at the same time UADT (1, 4 and 6 detect its own address according to the data, sub-addresses and command signals. Now referring to Figure 7, each data packet contains 8-bit bytes arranged in a sequence (ASCI I) as follows:

Page 20-449480 --- V. Description of the invention (18) (a) Initially, a CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) 156 resets all terminals and starts the test of the message; (b) Half of the time The pulse rate sends an idle signal 158 in the middle to reproduce the clock in each terminal; (c) For a simple READ message: (i) the three characters 160 indicate the address of the desired terminal, (ii) two The characters 1 6 2 indicate the secondary address of the special module required, (iii) a READ instruction (ENQ) 164, (iv) —CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) 156 after the terminal is cleaned to start the next test, (v) IDLE signal 158 continues until the next message, or (d) For a synthetic tfRITE / READ instruction: (i) three characters 160 indicate the address of the desired terminal, (ii) two characters 1 62 indicate the The secondary address of the special module is required. (Iii) If the next character is not EMQ, a WRITE instruction 166 will automatically generate 'followed by a second character containing the data to be written (such as the instruction to turn on the TV), ( iv) —END-OF-TEXT signal (EOT) 1 68 prepares the terminal 30 for selection of the next special module, (v) two characters 1 6 2 fingers (Vi) — READ instruction (ENQ) 164, (vii) — CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) 156 After clearing the terminal to start testing the next message, (viii) IDLE signal 158 continues until the next message.

X ", Description of Invention (19) 409J8 (r The meaning of the above data agreement is that it provides variable-length message encapsulation for data messages of various complexity. Β The address selection in each UADT 46 is planned to be cut off. The binary code circuit jumper on the board. In addition, the 'system protocol also provides the capability of parity correction and self-test. Now turn to the remaining rounds.' Circle 10 is a block diagram of an example module 48 'is shown as Circuits required for remote users to provide pay-TV services β Circle 11 is a block diagram of an example module 4 9 showing the circuits required to provide alarm and detection services for remote users. Figure 12 is a flow chart The figure shows the general sample program design of the terminal 30. When the power is turned on, it is shown as C block 119, pause line 120, and line 122.) All terminals are cleared with ASC 11 character CR, and the system 20 starts to transmit half the rate. Clock signal I DLE, and each terminal starts to test the presence or absence of the data message. It should be noted that the system 20 and the terminal 30 use each message terminal-to-machine signal CR to prepare the next message, and then use the edge test described above to distinguish I DLE from the actual data 'so that it is not necessary to generate male for each message. Outer header information. Once a message is received, each terminal 3 〇 requests 3 characters * If it is not enough, the error message "If the 3 characters are ASC II" F FF j (Ask all terminals) ", then each terminal will pass Line 1 24 jumps to ENQUIRY. If 3 characters are discontinuous addresses of a special terminal, the terminal will jump to DATA INTERPRETATION via line 126, and the remaining terminals will jump to IDLE via line 1 28. 〇 When DATA In INTERPRETATION (line 1 26), only the located address ----........- _. _______ Page 22 409480 V. Terminal 30 of the invention description (20) requests another two characters, these Characters indicate the secondary address of the special module required, and the subsequent procedures are determined as follows: (a) If it is ASCI I "FF", the terminal jumps to the required test procedure via line 13; (b) If it is a number, then the terminal enters the SIMpLE program via line 132 to check the status of a burglar alarm; or (c) if it is an alphabetic character, the terminal enters the coMPLEx program via line 134 to send or receive complex messages, such as Cash register message β If in SIMPLE data program (line 132), you need An extra character to determine whether it is an ENQUIRY (ENQ); if it is, the program jumps to the ENQUIRY part of the query subroutine via line 136; if it is a CR or SPACE (ASCII SP), the program returns to pause via line 138; If it is END OF TEXT (ASCII EOT), the program returns to line 126 to receive the next secondary address; otherwise it is assumed that it is data, the program requests more information, locks the two characters on the bus-line 52, and then Line 140 goes back to test CP, SP or EOT. Please note that SIMPLE mode also uses the address portion of the bus in a simplified manner, limiting the special modules to 8 secondary addresses, each corresponding to a line of the address bus. When the second address is displayed in ASCI I alphabetic characters, the COMPLEX mode is automatically selected. When processing as COMPLEX data (line 134), the program requires one character and detects ENQ. If it is not ENQ, the program detects EOT and produces the following result : (A) If it is EOT, the program jumps back to the next secondary address such as line 126; (b) If it is not EOT, the character is locked on bus 52 and the program returns to line IMHHI Hm Page 23 409480 V. Description of the invention (21 ) 134 waiting for another "—a When inquired as COMPLEX data (line 142), the program sends the obtained data to computer 22, requests another data, and detects line FEED (LF) and ENQ. If it is LF ', the program returns to IDLE via line 144; if it is ENQ, the program returns to line 142 to transfer the obtained data; otherwise the program detects sp and £. If it is SP ', the program will return to request another character via line 146; if it is EOT, the program will return to line 1 2 6 to wait for more information; otherwise the program will return to IDLE via line 14 8. As a SYSTEM POLL (line 124), the program requests two characters, locks the address once, and then detects ENQ. If it is not ENQ, the program returns to I DLE via line 15; otherwise, the program sends the obtained data, requests another character and then detects EOT, CR, or SP ^ If it is EOT, the program returns to line 124 and waits for ',, next The secondary address; if it is Sp, the program will request another character via the thread 152; if it is CR, the program will return to I / DLE via the line 154. The words used in the abstract and description above are for illustration only and not for limitation. Please understand that the scope of the present invention is limited only by the scope of patent application described below.

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Claims (1)

---- 409480___ VI. Patent Application Fan Yuan 1. In a two-way data transmission system with a CATV head end, the head end contains a centrally located computer to monitor many different remote service devices, The remote service devices are each in a plurality of user terminals connected to the head end, and each circuit device is different from each other, and is used to connect each of the remote service device and each terminal. The transceiver device is connected to the CATV head end and The information of the two-way transmitting and receiving sequences between these terminals is decapsulated, and the improvements include: (a) The interface device at each terminal is placed between the CATV head end and each of the circuit devices. The interface device includes a device that converts information between parallel and serial mode, and includes a first data bus connection device 'to activate a data bus with multiple lines, and conduct the information in the parallel mode; (b ) Each module includes a circuit device, and each has a pair of data bus connection devices for connecting the first module of the modules to the first data bus connection device, but it is detachable , and The continued and other modules connected together, and also removable, while the data bus continuously through the module 'then the message can be communicated on the data bus continuously through the module' do not have to change these modules. 2. In a two-way data transmission system with a cable television (CATV) head end, the head end contains a centrally located computer to monitor many different remote service devices. To the verbal user terminal, each circuit device is different from each other, and is used to connect each remote service device and each terminal. The transceiver device transmits and receives serial messages in two directions between the CATV head end and other terminals. Separation and improvement includes (a) a data bus with multiple lines at each terminal; __ 409480_ _ VI. Scope of patent application (b) The data bus connection device of each circuit device is used to connect the circuit devices to the data bus at the same time, but it is detachable; (c) at each of the terminals The interface device at the computer is placed between the head end and each of the data buses. The interface device includes a device that converts messages between parallel and serial formats; (d) the interface device includes The microprocessor device, in response to the amount of data contained therein, changes the length of the sequence information packet transmitted between each terminal and the CATV head end. 3. In a two-way data transmission system including a cable television (CATV) head end, the master end includes a centrally located computer to monitor many different remote locations The circuit devices in the user terminal connected to the CATV head end are different from each other, and are used to connect each of the remote service device and each terminal set, and the transmitting and receiving device transmits and receives a bidirectional transmission and receiving sequence between the CATV head end and the terminals. The information has been separated and improved, including: (a) a data bus at each of the terminals, with multiple sub-address lines', and another line separate from the multiple sub-address lines;-(b) A data bus connection device on each of the circuit devices is used to connect the circuit devices with the data bus at the same time, but it is detachable; (c) The CATV head end contains a device that will simple data of the secondary address to The first length of the serial message packet is transmitted to the terminals, and the device includes a device that transmits the complex (miscellaneous subaddress data) to the terminals with a length longer than the first length of the serial message packet; (d ) In each of the terminals The interface device at the machine is placed between the smart head and the data bus to operate the sequence containing the subaddress data % 26 ΐ " ^ ___ 4〇94 ^ ί > 6. The patent application scope information is converted into a side-by-side format; (e) The interface device also includes a microprocessor device, which is used to select the simple secondary address data In the multiple sub-address lines, but the sub-address line of the ministry, in response to the I data transmitted from the CATV head end, the other line of the data bus is started, and it should be transmitted to the CATV. The complex sub-address data at the head end and the complex sub-address data are routed to the multiple sub-address lines. In case of choice 14, place 4. If the patent application scope of item 1, 2, or 3 is the same as that of a computer, the message encapsulation is compared with the response of the computer and the message encapsulation. Test each of the circuit devices strictly to the beginning of the computer. 5. If the patent application scope of item 1, 2, or 3, the backup device is included in each transceiver of each terminal, where the transceiver installation rate control device It has an oscillator that the transceivers use at the frequency of each terminal at two different frequencies for the transceivers, respectively Page 27