B7 五、發明説明（） 發明背景 ! 本發明係有關一種多光束感應裝置。 光束感應器(beam detector)是近代工商業中應用普遍 的一種偵側移動或存在與否的裝置，其原理十分簡單：在 空間設置一或多條光束及對應位置之光電感測裝置，當人 或物通過時，由於光束被遮斷，光感應元件會因其上接受 之光強度發生改變，產生對應之電信號的變化。一般裝置 會將感應信號與一參考之臨界位準(threshold level)相比，然 後加以二元化(轉換成“0”或“1”的信號），即可做爲機構觸發 及執行時序等狀況之處置，關於二元化這點，可利用一史 密特觸發器(Schmitt trigger)元件完成。這種光束感應器可用 以感測人或物之逼近，做爲安全、防盜之用；或計測流通 量，如人或物進出之自動門開關、自動省水裝置等用途。 此種光束感應裝置在功能上主要分爲：迴歸反射 (refro-refection)式、穿透(through beam)式、及漫反射 (difflisive reflection)式三種，分別示於圖1A、圖1B及圖1C。 經濟部中央標準局員工消t合作社印製 --讀先閱讀背面之注意事項存填寫本寅)B7 V. Description of the Invention () Background of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-beam sensing device. A beam detector is a device commonly used in modern industry and commerce to detect the presence or absence of movement on the side. The principle is very simple: one or more light beams and corresponding positions of light-sensing devices are installed in the space. When an object passes, the light sensing element changes due to the intensity of the light received thereon due to the light beam being interrupted, resulting in a corresponding change in the electrical signal. Generally, the sensing signal is compared with a reference threshold level, and then binaryized (converted to a "0" or "1" signal), which can be used as the mechanism trigger and execution timing. The disposition of the binarization can be accomplished by using a Schmitt trigger element. This kind of beam sensor can be used to detect the approach of people or objects for security and anti-theft purposes; or to measure the flow, such as automatic door switches and automatic water-saving devices for people or objects entering and exiting. The function of this type of beam sensing device is mainly divided into three types: retro-refection type, through-beam type, and diffuse reflection type, which are shown in FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, and FIG. 1C, respectively. . (Printed by the staff of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Cooperatives-Read the precautions on the back and fill in this note)
爲達成以下之目的：防止可見光範圍的雜光干擾、匹 配矽元件的感度峰値波長、及具防盜之隱密效果等，一般 均利用800〜950nm範圍之不可見的近紅外線爲光源。但在 窠些情況下，爲了達到明顯的警示作用以防意外，亦有利 用可見光束者，唯其原理仍然相同。·目前利用近紅外光波 長時的發光元件皆採用波長在800〜950nm間的紅外發光二 極體(Infrared emitting diode, IRED)。此種十分價廉而可靠的 2 本紙張尺度適β巾S «家丨ί ) Λ4現格（210、297公趨） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印聚 kl B7_ 五、發明説明（) 半導體光源，其發光效率十分良好’其波長亦與政光電二 極體偵測元件(silicon photodiode detector)具有極佳的波長 匹配；而且該矽光電二極體偵測元件之價格十分低廉。若 ，利用一般白熾燈經濾光來獲得所需的紅外線光源，則其體 積過大且壽命較短，目前已很少見。 未經特殊設計的光束感應器所產生之誤報機率極大。 例如，由外問入的汽車燈光、外界之電磁波干擾、及系統 本身產生之雜訊等，均可能導致誤報，使感應裝置之可靠 度大爲降低，此點尤其影響防盜用途。有鑑於此，有各種 改善可靠度之技術被提出，例如：增加光強度、偏光、濾 光、信號調變等。圖2所示之雙光束感測器結構爲一種改善 可靠度之技術，它係利用相鄰兩光束受通過物體之切割而 同時產生感應信號來增進偵測可靠度。換言之，任何雜訊< 必須具有同時干擾兩光束觸發之作用方能造成不良影響。 此種設計下發生誤報的機率自然大爲降低。 一般雙光束的方法雖有產品見於市面，但大都利用兩 組光源及光感元件，同時亦必須具備兩組聚光透鏡，使得 成本不易降低。此外，在此種已知的雙光束法中，有關光 束的特質及其配置方式並未廣泛探討。 發明槪要 本發明之一目的係提供一種多光束感應裝置，利用新 的封裝法來簡化複雜的光學結構、降低成本、並縮小整體 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 - 本紙張尺度適用屮阈W家標净、C'NS ) Λ4規格（210/ϋπ公筇） 五、發明説明（） 裝置的體積；此外本封裝法亦可精準地定位各光束之方向 及簡化其調整方式。 根據本發明之多光束感應裝置包括：一凸透鏡；一發 光二極體燈，其特點;fe將製作於同一晶片上的複數個多胞 胎發光二極體元件封裝成一燈體者，藉由透鏡投射出複數 個平行光之光束於空間中的不同方向；另外，裝置一光感 測兀件’並排安置於該發光二極體燈(infrared LED lamp) 側，用以感測各迴歸光束之強度變化，及產生感應信號。 該複數個光束並被調變成具有各種不同頻率，可由適當的 解調電路加以分辨。當人或物出現並切斷光束時，可藉由 各個光束對該感測元件產生的感應信號的時序，判斷人物 之進或出’並藉由感應之時差判斷其速度；亦可藉由各該 光束的感應時差之關連性(correlation)及頻率的差異來反制 共模雜訊(common mode noise)的干擾及誤判。 此外，該發光二極體燈係配置於該凸透鏡的焦聚面 上，藉以形成平行光，達成投射出複數個平行光之光束於 空間中不同的方向。 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 再者，根據本發明之另一多光束感應裝置包含：一凸 透鏡，一多胞胎發光二極體燈，及一線列透鏡。該線列透 鏡配置於該凸透鏡前方，其數目與該等多胞胎發光二極體 元件之數目相同；其中該發光二極體燈係配置於該凸透鏡 的焦點後方適當處以產生適當放大之成像產生之線列的像 點，且該線列透鏡之配置處係使得該線列像點成像於其焦 聚面上，以產生互相平行前進的複數個平行光之光束，因 4 本纸張尺度滴叫中國闱家標淨（> Λ4^格（M7公趁) 經濟部中央榡隼局員工消費合作社印製 A7 ____B7 五、發明説明（） 而使該複數個平行光光束一直維持固定間距，達成與物距 無關的感應時差與速度判斷。 此外，根據本發明之多光束感應裝置，該感測元件之 感應方式係以人或物切割時之部份漫反射的迴歸光作用， 或以遮判正常由遠端的一迴歸反射片的反射光束作用者。 本發明之上述及其他目的、優點和特徵可參考圖式配 合較佳實施例之詳細說明以獲得進一步的了解。 圖式之簡單說明 圖1A係一習知的迴歸反射式單一光束感應裝置； 圖1B係一習知的穿透式單一光束感應裝置； 圖1C係一習知的漫反射式單一光束感應裝置； 圖2表示一習知的雙光束感應裝置之結構； 圖3以雙光束爲例，示意表示根據本發明之多光束感 應裝置的結構； 表1表示圖3所示之雙光束感應裝置之光束遮斷邏 輯； 圖4係圖3之雙光束感應裝置的雙光束遮斷邏輯時序 回| , 圖5表示另一根據本發明之雙光束感應裝置的結構。 較佳實施例之詳細說明 圖3表示本發明之一實施例的結構，該圖中兩個LED 11 __ 5 ___ i尺度適则哪:v嚇 (2丨()·/297公筇） (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -11 ,Λ B7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印裝 五、發明説明（） 及12由電路驅動，分別放射义及乂的兩種調變頻率的光 束。此二LED置於一精密的凸透鏡13的聚焦面上，可發射 兩接近平行光特性的細光束投射至遠端。當一個人或物(M) 切入光場時，可產生漫反射效應，其中部份之光回到光電 感應二極體而感應光電信號。以後此信號經放大及濾波作 用將兩頻率分出，並經解調(demodulation)即可獲得原來送 出之二元化的信號態(即“0”或“1”)。最後，可由邏輯電路處 理兩個二元化信號之關連來判斷各種感應狀況。 由表一中的邏輯可知，只有當Λ與B兩信號皆在激發 狀態下，才爲可靠的人或物攔遮。單一信號處於激發狀態 應視爲干擾的誤動作而可不加理會。又當人或物由左而右 進入時，信號&先於Α發生，反之則&先於\。因此，由 二者之感應時序可判斷進出狀況。另外，因兩信號頻率迴 異，若有干擾源時，其頻譜必須同時擁有兩頻率Λ及Λ， .以及空間的相關性，方能影響。這狀況較單頻率不易發生。 因此，本方法可防止強烈的共振式電磁干擾及意外之閃光 效應。總之，本發明的雙光束技術，不僅爲雙光束而已， 而且可由發生之時間、頻率及空間相關性，以邏輯判斷來 增進可靠性。 本實施例係利用單一封裝的雙生LED(TWIN LED)燈 爲光源，製造兩光束，而僅用一光感元件。在製造LED晶 圓完成時，將經過檢測判斷爲良好的兩相鄰的LED合倂切 割爲一晶粒，並加以封裝爲LED燈。此種作法有許多優點： 1.由於採用半導體元件製程，兩LED之間距控制十分精 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)In order to achieve the following objectives: to prevent stray light interference in the visible light range, the sensitivity peak and wavelength of matching silicon devices, and the privacy effect with anti-theft, etc., generally use invisible near infrared rays in the range of 800 ~ 950nm as the light source. However, in some cases, in order to achieve a clear warning to prevent accidents, it is also beneficial to use a visible beam, but the principle is still the same. · Currently, light-emitting elements using near-infrared light wavelengths use infrared emitting diodes (IRED) with wavelengths between 800 and 950 nm. This very cheap and reliable 2 paper size is suitable for β towel S «家 丨 ί) Λ4 is now available (210, 297 public trend) Employees' Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printing Co., Ltd. Kl B7_ 5. Description of Invention () Semiconductor The light source has very good luminous efficiency. Its wavelength also has excellent wavelength matching with the silicon photodiode detector; and the price of the silicon photodiode detection element is very low. If you use a common incandescent lamp to filter to obtain the required infrared light source, its volume is too large and its life is short, which is now rare. The probability of false alarms caused by a beam sensor that is not specially designed is extremely high. For example, car lights from outside, electromagnetic interference from the outside, and noise generated by the system itself may cause false alarms, which greatly reduces the reliability of the induction device, which particularly affects anti-theft applications. In view of this, various technologies for improving reliability have been proposed, such as: increasing light intensity, polarizing light, filtering, signal modulation, and the like. The dual-beam sensor structure shown in FIG. 2 is a technology for improving reliability. It uses two adjacent beams to cut through an object and simultaneously generate an induction signal to improve detection reliability. In other words, any noise < must have the effect of interfering with the triggering of two beams at the same time to cause adverse effects. The probability of false alarms in this design is naturally greatly reduced. Although the general two-beam method has products on the market, most of them use two sets of light sources and light-sensing elements, and must also have two sets of condenser lenses, making it difficult to reduce costs. In addition, in this known two-beam method, the characteristics of the light beam and its configuration are not widely discussed. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-beam sensing device that uses a new packaging method to simplify complex optical structures, reduce costs, and reduce the overall size (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Order-Book The paper size is applicable to the threshold W family standard net, C'NS) Λ4 specification (210 / ϋπ 公 筇) 5. Description of the invention () The volume of the device; In addition, this packaging method can also accurately locate the direction of each beam and simplify its adjustment the way. A multi-beam sensing device according to the present invention includes: a convex lens; a light-emitting diode lamp, which has the characteristics; a package of a plurality of multiple light-emitting diode elements made on the same wafer into a lamp body, and a lens A plurality of parallel light beams are projected in different directions in the space; in addition, a light sensing element is arranged side by side on the infrared LED lamp side to sense the intensity of each returning beam Change, and generate induced signals. The plurality of light beams are modulated to have various frequencies and can be resolved by a suitable demodulation circuit. When a person or object appears and cuts off the light beam, the timing of the induction signal generated by each beam to the sensing element can be used to judge the character's in or out 'and the speed of the induction; the speed can also be determined by each The correlation and frequency difference of the induced time difference of the light beam counteract the interference and misjudgment of common mode noise. In addition, the light-emitting diode lamp is arranged on the focal surface of the convex lens, thereby forming parallel light, and achieving the projection of a plurality of parallel light beams in different directions in space. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Furthermore, another multi-beam sensing device according to the present invention includes: a convex lens, a multi-light emitting diode lamp , And a line of lenses. The linear lens is arranged in front of the convex lens, and the number is the same as the number of the multi-element light-emitting diode elements; wherein the light-emitting diode lamp is arranged behind the focal point of the convex lens at an appropriate position to generate an appropriately magnified image. The image points of the line array, and the configuration of the line array lens are such that the line array image point is imaged on its focal plane to generate a plurality of parallel light beams that advance parallel to each other. Called China's Jiajia Standard Net (> Λ4 ^ grid (M7) while it is printed A7 by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Central Government Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ____B7 V. Description of the invention () so that the plurality of parallel light beams have been maintained at a fixed distance and reached Judgment of time difference and speed independent of the object distance. In addition, according to the multi-beam sensing device of the present invention, the sensing method of the sensing element is based on the returning light effect of partial diffuse reflection when a person or object is cut, or by obscuration. Acts normally from the reflected beam of a retro-reflective sheet at the far end. The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention can be obtained by referring to the drawings and the detailed description of the preferred embodiment. A simple explanation of the drawing. Figure 1A is a conventional retro-reflective single-beam sensing device; Figure 1B is a conventional penetrating single-beam sensing device; and Figure 1C is a conventional diffuse-reflective single-beam device. Beam sensing device; Figure 2 shows the structure of a conventional dual-beam sensing device; Figure 3 shows the structure of a multi-beam sensing device according to the present invention by taking double beams as an example; Table 1 shows the dual-beam sensing shown in Figure 3 The beam interruption logic of the device is shown in FIG. 4; FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of the dual beam interruption logic of the dual beam induction device of FIG. 3; and FIG. 5 shows the structure of another dual beam induction device according to the present invention. Figure 3 shows the structure of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the two LEDs 11 __ 5 ___ i scale is appropriate: v scar (2 丨 () · / 297 public 筇) (read the precautions on the back before reading) (Fill in this page) -11, Λ B7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention () and 12 are driven by the circuit and emit two beams of modulation frequency of Y and Y. These two LEDs are set Focusing on a precision convex lens 13 On the surface, two thin beams with near-parallel light characteristics can be emitted to the far end. When a person or object (M) cuts into the light field, a diffuse reflection effect can be produced, and some of the light is returned to the photodiode and sensed. Optoelectronic signal. In the future, this signal is divided into two frequencies by amplification and filtering, and demodulated (demodulation) to obtain the original binary signal state (ie, "0" or "1"). Finally, it can be determined by The logic circuit handles the relationship between the two binary signals to determine various sensing conditions. From the logic in Table 1, it can be seen that only when both Λ and B signals are excited, can they be blocked by a reliable person or thing. Single signal In the excited state, it should be regarded as a malfunction of interference and can be ignored. When the person or thing enters from left to right, the signal & precedes Α, otherwise, & precedes \. Therefore, the ingress and egress conditions can be judged by the sensing sequence of the two. In addition, because the frequencies of the two signals are different, if there is an interference source, the frequency spectrum must have both the frequencies Λ and Λ, and the spatial correlation in order to be affected. This situation is less likely to occur than a single frequency. Therefore, this method can prevent strong resonance electromagnetic interference and accidental flash effects. In short, the dual-beam technology of the present invention is not only for dual-beams, but also can be made logically judged to improve reliability by the time, frequency, and spatial correlation of occurrences. In this embodiment, a single packaged twin LED (TWIN LED) lamp is used as a light source to manufacture two light beams, and only one light sensing element is used. When the manufacturing of the LED wafer is completed, two adjacent LEDs judged to be good by cutting are cut into one wafer and packaged as an LED lamp. This method has many advantages: 1. Due to the semiconductor component process, the distance between the two LEDs is very fine (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
*1T 本纸张尺度適州中因囚家榡争（CNS ) Λ4规格！ 2!()/ :97公梦) A7 五、發明説明（） 確，如此可使射出之光束在空間上分佈的方向非常精 確； 2. 兩LED之特性幾乎完全匹配，因此不需增加電路以調整 光強度； ' 3. 由於採用單一透鏡，因此體積縮小，成本亦較低。 基於上述優點，本發明之多光束感應裝置相較於習知 者在成本、精確度及體積上均有其優點。 以下藉由圖3說明本發明之多光束感應裝置的光學幾 何關係： L, ·* 1T The size of this paper is due to prisoner contention (CNS) Λ4 in Shizhou! 2! () /: 97 public dreams) A7 V. Description of the invention () Indeed, the direction of the spatial distribution of the emitted light beam is very accurate; 2. The characteristics of the two LEDs are almost completely matched, so there is no need to add a circuit to Adjust the light intensity; '3. Because a single lens is used, the volume is reduced and the cost is low. Based on the above-mentioned advantages, the multi-beam sensing device of the present invention has its advantages in cost, accuracy, and volume compared to those skilled in the art. The optical geometry of the multi-beam sensing device of the present invention is described below with reference to FIG. 3: L, ·
= τ V (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)= τ V (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)
、1T 經濟部中央榡準局貝工消費合作·社印製 x\~x2=j{b,-b2) 0 其中从爲各LED中心點離光軸之距離，:^2則爲兩光 束的坐標，與物距L成正比。由式可知兩光束在物體面的間 距被放大了相當於物距與焦距之比値的倍率。例如：當 / ~ 1 A为’ L—1公尺’而& = 〇.5mm日寸，A -文2 = 5cw。右人 或物之移動速度爲5公尺/秒(即每小時18公里)時，兩信號 時差爲i2 ^ = 1G毫秒。此時間對一般電路而言，已長到足以 判斷兩信號之先後，並可輕易地與同時發生的電磁雜訊或 背景光雜訊所造成的誤報狀況區別開。 爲使此時差値與物距L無關，我們可更進一步以如圖5 之光學結構來達成。即將LED 51及52配置於焦距後方P之 7 核張尺度崎州中_家標辛（（、NS 1 Λ4規格（21〇x :97公穿） 經濟部中央榡準局賀工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（） 處，使其放大成像於透鏡53前方距離Q之處。然後再配置 一雙生透鏡54於此二成像點前方一焦距F，處，其特點爲此 雙生透鏡的光軸間距與兩成像點距離一致(以移動q點作適 當調整）。因此由雙生透鏡射出的兩平行光之光束將平行行 進，如圖5之光束1與光束2所示者。人或物切過的時間，即 上述ί2-ί,，以及其速度的計算因此與物距無關。如圖6所 示’爲了增加光束的平行性，吾人可另增加一片限光孔攔 (limit aperture)於Γ點前方，限制成光點的尺寸，以利平行光 的造成。 總之，由上述實施例之說明可了解：將同晶片之雙生 LED做單一封裝的LED燈，並利用適當的透鏡裝置構成二 平行光光束於空間的結構’可增進本裝置之性能及降低成 本；而利用不同頻率驅動此二LED，以降低誤報率及提供 進出方向與速度的判斷功能，較傳統的單或雙光束法優良 許多。 此外，爲更進一步降低誤報率，上述的方法可作進一 步的延伸。以多個LED的單一晶片封裝成一燈體，並使這 些LED所發出光束具有不同的個別調變頻率，利用它們感 測信號之乘效來增進判斷力，如此將使偵測的可靠度趨近 完美無缺而仍不增加裝配的人工成本。此亦係本發明之重 要的優點。 在較佳實施例之詳細說明中所提出之具體的實施例僅 爲了易於說明本發明之技術內容，而並非將本發明狹義地 限制於該實施例，在不超出本發明之精神及以下申請專利 8 以長度適叫中阈内家標窣（CMS )八4叹格i 2! 0 y*297公筇) " (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁), 1T Printed by Shelley Consumer Cooperatives, Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs, prints x \ ~ x2 = j {b, -b2) 0 where is the distance from the center point of each LED to the optical axis, and ^ 2 is the distance between The coordinates are proportional to the object distance L. It can be known from the formula that the distance between the two beams on the object surface is enlarged by a magnification corresponding to the ratio of the object distance to the focal distance 値. For example: when / ~ 1 A is ‘L—1 meter’ and & = 0.5mm daily inches, A-text 2 = 5cw. When the moving speed of the right person or object is 5 meters / second (that is, 18 kilometers per hour), the time difference between the two signals is i2 ^ = 1G millisecond. For ordinary circuits, this time is long enough to judge the order of the two signals, and can be easily distinguished from the false alarm caused by the simultaneous electromagnetic noise or background light noise. In order to make the difference irrelevant to the object distance L at this time, we can further achieve it with the optical structure shown in FIG. 5. That is, LED 51 and 52 are arranged at the rear of the focal length P-7 nuclear scale standard Saki Prefecture_Jiabiao Xin ((, NS 1 Λ4 specification (21 × x: 97)), printed by Hegong Consumer Cooperative, Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (), the magnified image is located at a distance Q in front of the lens 53. Then a twin lens 54 is arranged at a focal length F in front of the two imaging points, which is characterized by the optical axis distance of the twin lens The distance is the same as the two imaging points (adjusted by moving the q point). Therefore, the two parallel beams of light emitted by the twin lens will travel in parallel, as shown by beam 1 and beam 2 in Figure 5. Time, that is, the above ί2-ί, and the calculation of its speed are therefore independent of the object distance. As shown in Figure 6, 'In order to increase the parallelism of the beam, we can add another limit aperture in front of the Γ point. To limit the size of the light spot to facilitate the creation of parallel light. In short, from the description of the above embodiment, it can be understood that the twin LEDs of the same chip are made into a single packaged LED lamp, and two parallel light beams are formed by using an appropriate lens device. The structure of space can increase The performance and cost of the device are reduced; driving the two LEDs at different frequencies to reduce the false alarm rate and provide the function of determining the direction and speed of entry and exit is much better than the traditional single or dual beam method. In addition, to further reduce false alarms The above method can be further extended. A single chip of multiple LEDs is packaged into a lamp body, and the light beams emitted by these LEDs have different individual modulation frequencies. The multiplication of their sensing signals is used to improve judgment. In this way, the reliability of detection will be perfect without increasing the labor cost of assembly. This is also an important advantage of the present invention. The specific embodiment proposed in the detailed description of the preferred embodiment is only for the sake of brevity. It is easy to explain the technical content of the present invention, but not to limit the present invention to this embodiment in a narrow sense. Within the spirit of the present invention and the following application patents, 8 is called the middle standard house mark (CMS) with a suitable length of 8 digits. i 2! 0 y * 297 gong) " (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
A 7 ___B7_ 五、發明説明（） 範圍之情況，可作種種變化實施。 符號說明 1光束 2 光束A 7 ___B7_ 5. The scope of the invention description () can be implemented in various ways. Symbol description 1 beam 2 beam
11 LED 12 LED 13凸透鏡11 LED 12 LED 13 convex lens
51 LED 52 LED 53透鏡 54雙生透鏡 經濟部中央梯準局貝工消费合作社印裝 9 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準（CNS ) A4规格（210X297公釐）51 LED 52 LED 53 Lens 54 Twin lens Printed by the Central Laboratories of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives 9 This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm)