TW384350B - System and process for increasing the efficiency of a power generating unit - Google Patents

System and process for increasing the efficiency of a power generating unit Download PDF

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Publication number
TW384350B
TW384350B TW087115171A TW87115171A TW384350B TW 384350 B TW384350 B TW 384350B TW 087115171 A TW087115171 A TW 087115171A TW 87115171 A TW87115171 A TW 87115171A TW 384350 B TW384350 B TW 384350B
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Taiwan
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gas
synthetic gas
expander
patent application
fuel
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TW087115171A
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English (en)
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Frederick C Jahnke
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Texaco Development Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/003—Gas-turbine plants with heaters between turbine stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/26—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension
    • F02C3/28—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension using a separate gas producer for gasifying the fuel before combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04533—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the direct combustion of fuels in a power plant, so-called "oxyfuel combustion"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04539—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels
    • F25J3/04545—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels for the gasification of solid or heavy liquid fuels, e.g. integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04969—Retrofitting or revamping of an existing air fractionation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05D2220/72—Application in combination with a steam turbine
    • F05D2220/722—Application in combination with a steam turbine as part of an integrated gasification combined cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/211—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by intercooling, e.g. during a compression cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/212—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by water injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/80—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)

Description

經滴部中次梂準局只工消炝合0社印鲈 A7 B7 ' 五、發明説明（1) 發明背景 1. 發明领域 1本發明係關於經由部份氡化含烴燃料產生燃料氣饉 及於氣輪機燃燒此種燃料氣體供產生動力，特別係關於一 種高度有效之積體氣化組合循環’’IGCC”方法，其合併氣 艟冷卻於各階段及其於高壓操作故允許來自驟冷燃料氣饉 之最大量熱量用於動力的產生。 2. #明背景 驟冷動力產生系統全球用於由燃料來源氣化產生動 力。此種系统中，包含H2、C0、002及H20之生合成煤 氣或合成氣燃料氣體流係經由含烴燃料與含自由態氧氣艏 典型於溫度調控器存在下於驟冷氣化反應器進行部份氧化 反應生產。 生產之合成氣係經由於水中驟冷而於典型約450°F至 550°F之溫度及典型於約700至1500 psia之壓力下產生驟 冷飩和合成氣流。此種方法之細節說明參考Jahnke等之 美國專利No. 5,345,756，該案併述於此以供參考。 產生的备成氣通常係於酸氣去除單元使用物理或化 學溶劑由氣流中去除H2S及COS純化》然後純化後之合 成氣餵送至附有溫度調控器之氣輪機之燃燒器作為燃料氣
I
艟如氮氣。 V 發明概述 本發明經由合併合成煤氣膨管器緊鄰燃氣輪械上游 而改良燃燒合成煤氣作為燃氣輪機燃料產生動力之可信度 本紙张夂度地川中國國家榡卒（CNS } Λ4規格（21〇X297公釐） I —I:---Q! (請先閏讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) 訂 • 4 經治-部屮央標準局SC.T消於合竹社印犁 Α7 Β7 i、發明説明（2 ) 及效率。效率增高係來自於膨管器之額外功率輸出，及經 由減少或免除由空氣分離單元壓縮氮氣供控制氮氧化物。 :圖式之簡蕈說明 第1圖為使用燃氣輪機之与^放氣-作為於燃燒器部份 燃燒合成氣之氧來源之具體例之示意流程圈。 第2圈為第1圖之具體例之示意流程圖，包括一考 擇性脫硫系統- 第3圖為使用來自空氣分離單元之高壓氧作為於燃 燒器部份燃燒合成氣之氧來源之具體例之示意流程圖。 第4圖為一個具艏例之示意流程圖，此處合成氣艎 . 係經由於熱回收水蒸氣產生器管内與燃氣輪機之廢氣進行 熱交換加熱。 各圖對應之參考編號表示對應部件。 較佳具碰例之說明 根據本發明，氣體膨管器或膨管氣輪機位置緊鄰燃 氣輪機上游。進入膨管器之合成氣混合物於約800T至約 1000°F之高溫。因進入膨管器之氣體為高溫，故大量功率 可於其進入燃氣輪機之前由合成氣之膨大容積被抽取出， 因而大為改良功率產生週期效率。由膨管器送出之燃料氣 髖仍然保持熱氣，任何未被膨管器轉成功率之熱量被直接 載入燃氣輪機，於此處被回收。 ί 本發明之具體例中，熱氣排放流於進入燃氣輪機之 燃燒器區段前由燃氣輪機壓縮機之排放物中取出。熱氣排 放流經由與其他製程流進行熱交換或經由任何其他可有效 本紙张尺度適州中國國家標皁（CNS ) Λ4规格（2丨ΟΧ297公釐） (請先Μ讀背面之注項再填寫本頁) 0. A7 B7 五、發明説明（3 ) 達成的冷卻裝置冷卻。 冷卻後氣流以水飽和及壓縮至約1000 psig至約12〇〇 l·.-IIIIIο! (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
I psig »氣流可以水或氮氣飽和俾改良週期效率，但氣流攝 取之水增高將造成壓縮機的負荷加大β 另外，空氣或氣艎可你和或於二次壓缩機下游接收 額外他和·但此時，氣流因壓縮熱結果變熱而使他和器之 使用不夠有效,。 至於另一選擇之道，來自燃氣輪機之部份空氣可被 導引至空氣分離單元，可縮小空氣分離單元空氣壓缩機之 尺寸及功率。又另一選擇之道，來自空氣分離單元之氮氣 可被壓縮及送至燃氣輪機或送至膨管器上游之合成氣或空 氣俾增加功率輸出及減少燃氣輪機的氮氡化物（ΝΟχ)生 成。 現在參照第1圖，來自酸氣體去除單元（未顯示出） 之高壓無硫合成氣2進入合成氣飽和器4,於此處以水6 飽和且呈飽和合成氣流8送出。合成氣飽和器4也配備有 水輸入9。 熱排放氣流10於壓力約200至300 psig及溫度約500 °F至約800°F由燃氣輪機12.抽取出並通過第一熱交換器 14,於此處釋放熱量給進入鍋爐之進料水流.16而形成高 壓水蒸氣流18。冷卻後之氣流20由熱交換器14送出並 進入第二熱交換器22 ,於此處被進一步冷卻並呈進一步 冷卻之氣流24送出。選擇性地，部份13冷卻後之氣流24 可循環至空氣分離單元❶燃氣輪機12也配備有空氣輸入 本紙张尺度適用中國國家標率（CNS ) Λ4規格（2丨0X297公嫠） -6 A7 B7
經漓部中劣掠率局员η消费合竹社A 五、發明説明（4 ) 冷卻後之氣流24進入第三熱交換器30,於此處進一 步冷^並呈冷卻後之^流32送出，其進入空氣飽和器34， 於此處空氣已由管線36進入之水飽和。你和器配備有水 出 σ 37。 飽和空氣38由^氣飽和器34輸出及進入第二壓缩 機 40，於此處由 200-300 psig 至約 1000-1200 pSig ,其為 氣化器之典型工作壓力，並呈壓縮氣流42送出，其連同 合成氣流26進入燃燒器28。 飽和合成氣流8通過熱交換器22，於此處與通過其 中之空氣進行熱交換並呈加熱後之抱和合成氣流26送出 及進入燃燒器28,於此處進行燃燒。 交互冷卻器（未顯示出）可選擇性用於二次壓縮機 40。但因壓縮熱進入燃燒器28及額外能量被轉成燃燒值， 故無隋段間冷卻之高壓縮比不合實際。 如所述，壓縮氣流42連同合成氣流26進入燃燒器28 及進行燃燒而產生燃燒產物與過量合成氣之高溫混合物。 4 通常僅佔總合成氣約1%至約5%之部分合成氣流26 於燃燒器28進行燃燒。大量高壓合成氣經管線44繞過燃 燒器28旁通，且混合由燃燒器28送出之燃燒氣體29而 形成溫度約l〇〇〇°F之燃燒氣雅29與合成氣44之混合物 46。 燃燒器28之燃燒腔室溫度可經由調整流44中旁通 燃燒器28之合成氣之量修改。若較小量合成氣通過燃燒 本紙張尺度適;fl中國國家標率（（、NS ) Λ4規格（2丨0 X 297公釐） l· II---QII (锖先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（5 ) 器28則可獲得未混合氣體流29之顯著較高溫。 然後混合氣體流46進入膨管器48,其搞聯至發電機 50。1大量來自膨管器48之功率容易由發電機50抽取，原 因為合成氣鍾加熱可改良週期效率故•由膨管器48送出 之氣體52仍保持熱氣，溫度約250°F至約700T »熱氣52 作為燃氣輪機12之燃料β如此來自氣艘46之未被膨管器 48轉成功率之任何熱量將送出作為燃料氣艟52之熱量給 燃氣輪機12且由發電機54回收。 經由適當控制系統工作進入膨管器48之燃料氣« 52 可維持於夠低之BTU/標準立方呎（BTU/SCF)程度俾減 少氮氧化物（ΝΟχ)之產生，同時維持夠高熱值於約80 至約150 BTU/SCF，俾確保燃氣輪機12之有效且有效率 燃燒》 燃料氣體52之熱值係經由控制於氣艏流46進入膨 管器48前用來預先於燃燒器28燃燒部份合成氣26之空 氣用量及經由添加至進入空氣飽和器34之高壓空氣的飽 和水36之量控制ν選擇性地，氮氣或合成氣流添加至燃 料氣流，随後進入膨管器或經由於燃氣輪機12之選择性 管線58添加至膨管器下游。 第2圖為高溫脫硫具《I例，此處來自燃燒器28之燃 燒氣體46及旁通合成氟流44組合進入高溫脫硫系統，該 系統係由鐵酸鋅或其他類似材料床60及62組成，且經由 管線64送出而被脫除硫。 進入禹溫脫硫系統之燃燒氣艎46已經經由業界人士 本紙张尺度適用中闼國家標率（CNS ) μ规格（210Χ297公漦） l·---:丨丨丨丨------_訂丨------ο (婧先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 . __'_B7__ ,_ 五、發明説明（6 ) 眾所周知之習知低溫脫硫法之一脫除大部份硫含量。多種 方法包括COS水解步驟俾提高硫之去除達約1·2 %。
I 利用此處所述高溫脫硫系統可免除cos水解需求並 去除最後微量硫。因脫硫系統僅對最後微量硫發揮作用， 故高溫脱硫系統尺寸相對於由合成氣去除全部碰之系統相 當小。此外，使用水蒸氣及氧氣經由管線66引進而再生 床60及62產生之酸氣可經管線68返回氣化器（未顯示 出），免除任何額外硫回收加工的需求而使批料加工或硫 去除床之再生合乎實際》 第3圈為簡化製程，其使用純氧而非氧及空氣作為 氧化基來燃燒部份合成氣It高溢度。此處第1圖揭示之排 放氣加工系統由來自空氣分離單元（未顯示出）之高壓氧 取代，高壓氧經由管線70餵送至燃燒器28並以部份來自 酸氣去除單元或合成氣抱和器4之高壓合成氣燃燒。來自 .合成氣餘和器4之高壓無硫合成氣8進入熱交換器14並 透過管線26送出，此處被導引至燃燒器28。 本具體例之優點為氡易於升高壓力呈分支流或旁支 流由餵送至氣化器之氧氣獲得。本具體例也可用於替代現 有高壓氣化動力系統。 第4圈顯示僅藉熱交換器交換合成氣之變化例，因 此可避免於燃燒器28燃燒部份，本具體彳例為將合成氣加 熱至高溫之最有效構造。以水飽和之合成氣流8進入熱量 g收水蒸氟產生器80,於此處由燃氣輪機12送出之熱廢 氣82直接加熱。 本紙张尺度適用中國國家標卒（CNS ) Λ4规格（2丨〇><297公着） I:':---QII (請先W讀背面之注f項再填寫本頁)
*1T 9 經濟部中决標準，-?M.T消资合作社印鉍 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（7 ) 合成氣8之加熱較佳類似水蒸氣被過度加熱之方式 使合成氣繞經熱量回收水蒸氣產生器80之管進行，但也
I 可採用間接加熱。由於從燃氣輪機廢氣獲得高溫，故合成 氣容易被加熱至約700°F至約1000T而未燃燒任何合成氣 及呈水蒸氣84送出。 使用直接來自熱回收水蒸氣產生器80之熱量比較使 用氧氣燃燒部份合成氣用於加熱膨管器48之合成氣更有 效，且免除氧氣產生的關聯能量》膨管器48位置緊鄰燃 氣輪機12上游，此乃比膨管器48位於冷卻系列中段更合 實際’後者可能需極長的合成氣輸送管線或管。 如此膨管器48設置於緊鄰燃氣輪機12上游之加熱 合成氣管線84。如此免除冷卻膨管器廢氣之需求且降低 成本。 膨管器48之入口溫度較佳設定為可獲得原有燃料氣 髏52之550°F廢棄溫度，及允許使用標準高溫燃料控制 閥於燃料氣艎52至燃氣輪機12之進料。概略而言如此對 膨管器48之加熱合成氣進料84要求進料溫度為約800T 至約1000°F之範圍。至膨管器48之進料84可藉任何揭 示之手段被預熱，包括使用水蒸氣或其他製程流傳熱至約 550°F«加熱至約80O°F及以上溫度之平衡可藉燃燒器28 内藉氧氣或空氣於合成氣内燃燒達成，或淤熱量回收水蒸 氣產生器80内藉熱交換達成。 合成氣飽和器4可以氮氣你和器替代。用於積艏空 氣分離單先設計，燃料氣髖及氮氣流需具有相同流速，此 本紙张尺度適州中國國家標率（rNS ) Μ规格（210X297公嫠〉 (請先W讀背面之注f項再填寫本頁) 0. 訂 -10 - A7 B7 五、發明説明（8 ) 種改變對成本影響極小。 膨管器可耦聯至氮氣壓縮機及联動塵縮機，免除發 電機1及其關聯電器投資成本的需求及效率的損失。 本發明具有若干優點。第一，提供低BTU/SCF燃料， 其可控制於最佳BTU含量程度而提供有效燃燒及最少 N0X »其可免除由空氣分離單元壓缩氮氣而控制BTU含 量的需求’免除由相對低壓壓縮惰性氣體的需求。其可免 除於膨脹前來自氣體之硫，改良可信度及降低膨管器單元 之投資成本。其増高進入膨管器之氣體溫度，其允許產生 最高功率及當使用膨管器時改善整體週期效率。其允許使 用標準壓力空氣分離單元設計或管線氧氣有效產生氣化動 力。其可於合併高溫脫硫單元時減少硫之發射達 ppm程 度。 當需要維修時此系統可接旁路，因此對動力循環的 影響減至最低。於旁路棋態中，可使用水蒸氣注入維持低 NOx產生，及合成氣燃料可由合成氣飽和器直接進入燃燒 器· I---—ίο------IT:—------ο (诗先聞讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁)
經Μ部t次標唪局负-T消於合竹社印V 本紙张尺度適州中闽國家標率（CNS ) Λ4規格（2丨ΟΧ297公釐） 11 經漓部屮"椋啤局负Η消於合竹社印？本 A7 B7 五、發明説明（9 ) 元件標號對照 2 _合成氣 4 合成氣飽和器 6 水 8 飽和合成氣流 9 水輸出 10 熱排氣流 11 空氣輸入 12 燃氣輪機 14 第一熱交換器 13 部分 16 水流 18 水蒸氣流 20 氣流 22 第二熱交換器 24 氣流 26 合成氣流 28 燃燒器 30 第三熱交換器 32 氣流 34 空氣飽和器 36 管線 37 水出口 38 飽和空氣 40 二次壓縮機 42 壓縮氣流 29 燃燒氣體 44 合成氣 46 混合氣流 48 膨管器 50 發電機 52 燃料氣 54 發電機 58 管線 60 ，62 床 64 管線 66 管線 70 管線 80 水蒸氣產生器 82 廢氣 84 流 I---II——Q——.----訂—------ο (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標卒（（'NS ) Λ4規格（210 X 297公釐） 12

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  1. '申請專利範園 A8 B8 C8 D8 鯉濟部中央橾率局員工消费合作社印«. i一種提高動力產生單元效率之系統，其中於升高溫度 *及麼力之合成煤氣係經由於氣化器内含烴燃料之部分 氣化反應產生’及其中該合成煤氣用作燃料於動力產 ，生單元產生動力，其改良包含設里高溫氣體膨管器緊 v鄰動力產生單元上游。 2. ·如申請專利範固第丨項之鼻統，其進二步包含一合成 氣抱和器，一熱交換設備及一燃燒器位於高溫氣體膨 管器上游。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統，其進一步包含至少一 熱交換器聯結於來自動力產生單元之空氣供給源，一 空氣飽和器及一壓縮器。 4. 如申請專利範圍第2項之系統，其進一步包含一高溢 脫硫系統供由燃燒器送出之氣艟去除硫。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統，其中該動力產生單元 為一種燃氣輪機。 6. —種提高動力產生系統效率之方法，其中於升高溫度 及壓力之合成煤氣係經由於氣化器内含烴燃料之部分 氧化反應產生’及其中該合成煤氣用作燃料而於燃氣 调輪羞生動力，及其中該合成煤氣於供給燃氣輪機之 燃料前經過清潔及冷卻，其改良部份包含藉由降低於 膨管器單元之壓力而膨脹合成煤氣容積，及恰於使用 合成煤氣作為燃氣輪機燃料前於耦聯至膨管器單元之 發電機由已膨脹之合成氣體抽取動力。 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家揉率（CNS ) A4规格（210X297公釐） 請 面 之 注 I 頁 訂: d 13 A8 ,__ S84350 cl_ ,. 、申請專利範固 7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法，其中部份合成煤 氣於 膨脹前被部份燃燒。 8. 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法其中該於膨脹前經部 份燃燒之合成煤氣係參混部份未燃燒之合成煤氣β 9，如申請專利範圍第8項之方法其中該部份未燃燒之 合成煤氣係於部份燃燒前由合成煤氣中分離。 10.如申請專利範圍第項之方法，其中經部份燃燒之合 成煤氣流進行高溫脫硫》 1§ —^1 ·1_1 H·— 1§· an /Λ. .:,Jo (請先H讀背面之注f項再旗寫本買) 订 經濟部中央橾车為工消费合作社印氧 本紙張尺度適用中國国家揉率（CNS ) Α4规格（21〇Χ297公釐）
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WO1999014473A1 (en) 1999-03-25
AU733814B2 (en) 2001-05-24
AU9216798A (en) 1999-04-05
KR100394915B1 (ko) 2003-08-19
JP3462222B2 (ja) 2003-11-05
DE69825868D1 (de) 2004-09-30
BR9806240A (pt) 2000-03-28
KR20000068968A (ko) 2000-11-25
CN1239533A (zh) 1999-12-22
US6061936A (en) 2000-05-16
EP0964986A4 (en) 2002-01-09
EP0964986B1 (en) 2004-08-25
CA2271660A1 (en) 1999-03-25
DE69825868T2 (de) 2005-01-05
JP2001506344A (ja) 2001-05-15
EP0964986A1 (en) 1999-12-22
ES2230717T3 (es) 2005-05-01
CA2271660C (en) 2002-04-09

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