TW293964B - An optimal power tracking band width modulation switching method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

An optimal power tracking band width modulation switching method and device for switching a switch device which is cross connected with an electric energy transferring device and it includes the following steps; 1. Catch the output voltage and output current of the electric energy transferring device; 2. Count the multiplier of the output voltage and output current to get the output power of the electric energy transferring device; 3. Differential the output power by the time to get a differential value of the output power; 4. Compare the differential value of the output power with a tolerance value and generate a close signal when it was lower than the tolerance value; 5. Using the close signal to close the switching device and maintain the output current of the electric energy transferring device on the optimal power working point.

Description

Printed 293964 A7 by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy ^ ---------- B7 V. Description of the Invention (丨) --- This invention relates to an electronic signal processing method and the electronic device used , Especially for an electrical energy conversion device, such as a solar photovoltaic panel, whose output power changes with the environment (such as daylight intensity, load), the method provided by the present invention and the electronic device applying the method can be used to track and maintain It is at the operating point of maximum output power. The general electric energy conversion device utilizes naturally stored energy, such as light, heat, potential energy and chemical energy, etc., to generate electricity through energy conversion. However, in some power generation processes, the energy source of natural Wei Zang is not constant, and this phenomenon will cause high energy use efficiency I. That is to say, under different operating environment conditions, all the electric energy converted by the electric energy conversion device through this amount can only be transferred to the negative cut in different proportions. For example, a solar photovoltaic panel is an electric energy conversion device with such characteristics. Figure 1 shows the characteristic curves of the wheeled out house and the wheeled current of the solar photovoltaic panel under different daylight levels, and its corresponding readout power "characteristic curve. Among them, the solar illuminance in the state A is G 5Kw / m2, the voltage-current characteristic curve is AI, and the output power characteristic curve is eight. In addition, the daylight illuminance of condition B is 0 75KW / m2, the voltage-current characteristic curve and the output power characteristic curve are B "pB2; the daylight illuminance of condition c is LOKW / y, the voltage-current characteristic curve and the output power characteristic curve = other C1 And C2. Regardless of the situation A, situation B or situation c, when the wheel output voltage is not large (about 0 ~ 16V), as the output voltage rises linearly, the amount of wheel output current decreases relatively little, that is, the wheel wave Almost maintain a constant, and the output power will increase linearly in this area.相 m m I! —1 —Ί-i.i ί ^ 衣 —_ I (please read the precautions on the back and then fill in this page) --- subscribe ----------

A7 ^ Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy

i— --- Ί —Ί ί— f τ ^! buckle ^ — I (please read the precautions before filling in this page) Order κ A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) ~~~~ Extended inductance 12 . The diode 14 charges the booster capacitor 16; when the transistor 10 is turned on, the output current can extend the inductor 12 and the transistor 10 to form a loop. In this way, the current through the inductor 12 is therefore limited to the corresponding optimal operating point, and the solar photovoltaic panel 2 has the largest wheel output power. "However, the above method of switching the transistor to track the optimal operating point has many shortcomings in practical applications. The first is that the conventional technology must calculate the operating point of the optimal wheel power, so the control speed is not fast. And the controller The average current command must be continuously changed in order to confirm whether it is working at the optimal power round-off point. In addition, the complicated circuit structure is also the main reason that it is not easy for the industry to use. In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a The best power tracking bandwidth modulation switching method can more quickly and efficiently generate transistors that are switched across the wheel of the power conversion device, so that the power conversion device is maintained at the operating point of the optimal output power Environmental impact improves. Ni HI printed by the Employees ’Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs! '*' · — ― ^ T I _ (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) '一 = 口 线One purpose is to provide an optimal power tracking bandwidth modulation switching device, which has a simpler circuit structure than conventional technology and enables electrical energy The switching device is maintained at the operating point of the optimal output power. Based on the above objective, the present invention provides an optimal power tracking bandwidth modulation switching method for switching the switching device connected to the power conversion device, including the following steps: Take the wheel output voltage and wheel current of the power conversion device; calculate the product of the output voltage and the output current to obtain the output power of the power conversion device; compare the wheel output power to time 293964 Α7 ----- -------- Β7 V. Description of the invention (4) ~ --- ~ Differentiate to obtain-output power differential value; compare the above output power differential value with-allowable value when it is lower than the above When allowable, generate a shutdown signal, and use the shutdown signal to cause the switching device to close to maintain the wheel current of the power conversion device at the optimal power operating point. In addition, the present invention provides another A good power tracking bandwidth modulation switching device for switching the switching device connected to the electric energy conversion device, which includes a multiplier for converting the above electric energy conversion device The output current and the output voltage are multiplied to produce an output power; a differentiator is used to differentiate the output. The output power is differentiated with time to generate an output power differential value; a comparator is used to differentiate the output power value Compared with an allowable value, when the output power differential value is less than the allowable value, a shutdown signal is generated; and a flip-flop whose clear terminal receives the shutdown signal, and its output terminal controls the state of the switch assembly, thereby To maintain the rounded mud of the above-mentioned electric energy conversion device at the optimal power operating point. In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy, the following is a preferred embodiment, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, The detailed explanations are as follows: Brief description of the drawings: The first figure shows the solar photovoltaic panel under different daylight conditions, 1 outgoing and outgoing power characteristic curve 'and its corresponding output power characteristic curve. Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional best power tracking device. Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of the best power tracking device of the present invention. Please read the "Important Winter Items" and fill in this page. It is bound and printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs.

A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (5) — ~ Figure 4 is an example of a differentiator circuit in an embodiment of the invention. Figure 5 is the timing diagram of the differential of the output current, output voltage, output power of the output power wheel, and clock signal in Figure 3. Embodiment: FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the best power tracking device of the present invention. Its inductance 12, transistor 10, diode 丨 4 and boost capacitor 16 are used to actually control the output power of the solar photovoltaic panel 2, while the multiplier 20, differentiator 30, comparator 40 and flip-flop 42 are It is used to generate the control signal of the switching transistor 10 in order to track the optimal power output working point of the solar photovoltaic panel 2. When the transistor 10 is in the on state, the relationship between the output voltage vs of the solar photovoltaic panel 2 and the current II of the inductor 12 (that is, the outgoing current of the solar photovoltaic panel 2) is:

L 0) where L represents the inductance value of the inductor 12. At this time, the current is increasing. When the transistor 10 is off, the relationship is: Jr y〇 ~ v, a ‘, (2)

L (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)-Staple

J 4 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. V〇 indicates that the electricity of the Booster Valley 16 is repeated. At this time, the current tends to decrease. Therefore, by switching the switching state of the transistor 10, the current IL can be controlled within a range around a specific current value. To maximize the round-off power of the solar photovoltaic panel 2, the specific current value must be controlled on the curve I of the maximum power operating point in figure j. The output power P is the product of the voltage Vs and the current II, and p = vsiL ’can be differentiated by the time and the current II respectively:

Description of the invention (6 dP ~ dt dP dl, dV, ~ dT + ^ + ν dIL s di A7 B7 (3) (4) According to equations (3) and (4), and assume that the voltage Vs in a short time As a function of current IL, we can derive: dP -t dVs ,, dIL dt 1 L dt " ^ S ~ J ~~ dt 7 a tdV diL rr di -fL · dIL dt dt dV, dh dt dPs • d! , dIL dt Therefore, when g is zero, (5) -----;-^^ — install-- (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this I ') Employee Consumer Cooperative of Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed as zero. That is | = 〇 is the condition to determine the maximum power output. In the best power tracking device of the present invention shown in Figure 3, first, the round is captured by the output terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel 2 The output voltage% and the wheel current IL 'are multiplied by the analog multiplier 2G to generate the output power p. The analog multiplier 20 can be composed of a general operational amplifier. Then, the differentiator 30 processes the output power p to generate the output power differentiation ⑽. The comparator 40 is used to compare the outgoing power differential value Dp with an allowable value ^, where the allowable value Tol table reads the maximum error value when the power differential value Dp is zero However, the allowable value τ. 丨 can also be set to zero value (ground) in practical applications. Assuming that the read power differential value DP is less than the allowable value%, it means that it is less than zero value. Therefore, a shutdown signal is generated and sent to positive The clear terminal Clear of the inverter M. In this embodiment, the input terminal 〇 of the flip-flop 42 is connected to the power supply voltage Vcc, which represents the continuous input of the late version, while the flip-flop 42 dt is of paper size.

I-I, I 1-1 A7 5. Description of the invention (7:? The output terminal Q is connected and controls the switching state of the transistor 10, when the signal is closed, the one sent by the wheel output terminal Q is high power, it will Make electricity =. In the conduction state; when there is a shutdown signal, in the clock signal center: .in 'The output from the output terminal Q is a low voltage, so that it is in a closed state. Body 10 Figure 5 shows the current iL, Wheel output voltage vs, wheel output power p, output power differential value (_DP) and clock signal CK < timing diagram. Each time interval is 100ms. When the differential value (_Dp) is greater than zero (ie Dp is less than zero), the power The crystal 10 is in the off state. As shown in equation ⑺, the current u drops excessively, and the voltage VS is slightly increased due to the boost capacitor] 6, but the power P overall also shows a slight decrease. , When the differential (_ calls is less than zero (ie DP is greater than zero), the transistor 10 is on, the current L rises and the voltage Vs falls, and the power p rises slightly. Therefore, the round power P can be maintained at the maximum The slight vibration near the good working point achieves the purpose of the present invention. In the practical application of the printing company, each of the invention can be implemented by a general electronic circuit. The multiplier can be composed of a common operational amplifier circuit. Figure 4 shows an example of the differentiator circuit in this embodiment. The positive of the operational amplifier 32 The phase input terminal is grounded with a resistor 35. The output power P is connected to the inverting input terminal through a resistor and a capacitor 34. The resistor 37 is used as a feedback resistor. As for the comparator and the flip-flop, they are commonly used components, here The advantages of the optimal power tracking bandwidth modulation switching method and device of the present invention are as follows: 1. The control speed is fast, because the process of generating the control transistor signal is based on the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210X 297 Gongchu> v93964) 5. In the description of the invention (8), no complicated calculations are needed, which helps to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the electric energy conversion device. 2. The circuit structure is simple, which can be achieved by using common electronic circuits. It is beneficial to industrial applications. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and anyone familiar with this technique , Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it can be modified and modified, so the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of the attached patent application. (Please read the notes on the back first (Fill in this page again)-Outfit. Printed Falcon's home country junior high school with a moderate size sheet of paper, printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

Claims (1)

A8 Printed by an employee consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1 An optimal power tracking bandwidth modulation switching method for switching-a switching device connected across-an electric energy conversion device, including the following steps: flying the wheel of the above electric energy conversion device Output voltage and output current; calculate the product of the output voltage and the detected current to obtain the output power of the power conversion device; differentiate the output power with the time to obtain an output power differential value; The output power differential value is compared with an allowable value, and when it is lower than the allowable value, a close signal is generated; and the close signal is used to close the switching device to maintain the output current of the electrical A conversion device at an optimal value Power operating point. 2. The best power tracking bandwidth modulation switching method as described in item 1 of Shenshen's patent scope, wherein the electrical energy conversion device is a solar photovoltaic panel. 3. The optimal power tracking bandwidth modulation switching method as described in item 1 of the patent scope, wherein the above-mentioned switching device is a transistor. 4 _ The optimal power tracking bandwidth modulation switching method as described in item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the allowable value is the maximum error value when the wheel-out power differential value is zero. 5. The best power tracking bandwidth modulation switching method as described in item 1 of the patent scope, where the above allowable value is zero. 6. An optimal power tracking bandwidth modulation switching device for switching a switching device connected to an electric energy conversion device, which includes: a multiplier, which is used to phase the output current and output voltage of the electric energy conversion device An output power is generated after multiplication; (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Pack: νδ 11 No. 85103243 Application for Patent Fan Garden Amendment Page Α8 Β8 C8 D8 ___ 修 — 1 ------- -— 85.8.22 Announcing whether or not the matter was changed in this case, the member of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People ’s Republic of China printed and applied for a patent scope a differentiator for differentiating the above output power with time to produce an output power differential value; a comparison For comparing the output power differential value with an allowable value, when the output power differential value is less than the allowable value, a shutdown signal is generated; and a flip-flop whose clear end receives the shutdown signal and its output Control the state of the switching device to maintain the output current of the power conversion device at the optimal power operating point. 7. The best power tracking bandwidth modulation switching device as described in item 6 of the patent scope, wherein the above-mentioned power conversion device is a solar photovoltaic panel. 8. The best power tracking bandwidth modulation switching device as described in item 6 of the patent scope, wherein the above-mentioned switching device is a transistor. 9. The optimal power tracking bandwidth modulation switching device as described in item 6 of the patent scope, wherein the allowable value is the maximum error value when the instantaneous output power differential value is zero. 10. The optimal power tracking bandwidth modulation switching device as described in item 6 of the patent application scope, wherein the above-mentioned allowable value is zero value. 12 The size of this paper is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210Χ297mm). Please read the notes on the back and fill in this page