A6 B6 五、發明説明（1 ) 本發明係有關於一種在達續鑄造作業中偵測縳模（通 常為銅模）内之縳胚發生凝殼撕裂的方法與裝置，待別有 闋於利用至少一對溫度感測器來偵測縳胚之某兩點溫度發 生反轉時，發出凝殼撕裂邸將發生之信號的方法與裝置。 5 (請先閲讀背面之注-事項再塡寫本頁) 按一般與砂楔縳造相對稱的連绩鑲造中，都不待銅模 内之鑄胚完全凝固即自銅模内引拔出來，以便争取時效。 然而萬一縳胚表面凝結後之凝殼與銅模表面之摩擦力增大 而撕裂（俗稱"爆湯# breakout )時，不僅會損壊銅模與引 拔該鑄胚的輥輪，甚至該鑲胚爆裂時所噴濺的熱湯會危害 工作人員的生命安全，因此不得不對此種爆湯現象加以預 警。 15 習知預測爆湯的方法大多採取測量銅模之冷卻水出口 溫度的異常急劇上昇，來判定是否即將發生爆湯現象。然 而，此種方法較為簡陋，無法作精確判斷。槪，一般銅模 為四面體且四面各具有一冷卻水入口及出口，若只量測某 一出水口溫度變化，只能預測某一面可能會發生凝殼撕裂 ，卻無法確定有瑕疵之面之撕裂確切發生之點。 sjSS部中央標準局R工消費合作社印製 另外可偵測銅模表面與鑄胚間之摩擦力，來評估凝殼 表面之潤滑情形，進而預測該凝殼的異常狀況。由於偵測 面積太大，亦無法準確預測煤湯現象。 又有一種利用單點局部測溫的方法，其比較某點在某 一待定時間的溫度是否大於某一時間前的平均溫度來判斷 是否會發生爆湯現象，但此種方法在時間上較緩慢，且準 確度差雞以及早採取防範措施。 -3 - 81.9.20,000 本紙張尺度適用中B西家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） 5 15 部中央標準局員工消費合作社印黎 A6 B6 五、發明説明（2 ) 為了能克服上述三種習知方法所造成缺點，本案提供 一種偵_連绩鑄造作業中縳胚凝殼撕裂之方法與裝置。 本發明的首要目的即在於提供一種偵測連鑲鑲造作業 中鑄胚凝殼撕裂之方法與裝置。 本發明的次要目的在於提供一種準確偵渕連禳禱迪作 業中簿胚凝毅撕裂之方法與裝置。 本發明的再一目的在於提供一種迅速偵測連缠禱造作 業中縳胚凝毅撕裂之方法與装置。 為達成上述之目的，本發明包括以下之方法及裝置： 其中一方法為·· （a)在靠近該禱胚之鑲模内.沿澆簿方 向分別設置上、下兩個感潮器，以便能測量銅模上下兩黏 之溫度Tu、Td ; (b)於一段時間At後，測量該溫度Tu之變化 速率ΔΤ/Δΐ ,並確定該速率AT/At係小於某一待定負值； (c)在一段時間At前内，測量該溫度Tu或Td之上昇速率ΛΤ/ △ t,並確定該速率ΔΤ/At像大於某一特定正值。 另一方法為：（a)在靠近該鋳胚之鑲模内，沿澆鑄方向 分別設置上、下兩値感測器，以便能測量銅模上下兩點之 溫度Tu、Td ; (b)於一段時間Μ後，測量該溫度Tu或Td之變 化速率ΔΤ/Δΐ ,並確定該速率ΛΤ/Δί傜大於某一特定正值 ;(c)在一段時間At内，測量該溫度Tu之變化速率ΛΤ/ΔΙ;, 並確定該速率ΔΤ/Δΐ偽小於一待定負值。 而其装置則包括：至少一對溫度感澜器，該等感澜器 偽沿箸澆鑄方向配置在鑄模之上、下兩位置上；一溫度之 類比/數位轉換器.其與該溫度感測器相連，以便將該等 -4 - -------------------.----裝-------訂------線— 1 (請先閲"背面之注念事項再塡寫本頁) 本紙張又度適用中®國家標準（CNS)甲4規格m〇 X 297公釐） 81.9.20,000 15 部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A6 B6 五、發明説明（3 ) 溫度轉換成數位信號；一凝毅撕裂判定裝置，其與該類比 /數位轉換器相連，以便接收該等數位信號後執行一段依 照上述方法所寫之程式/以判定該等溫度是否發生反轉； 及一蜂鳴器，其將該溫度反轉情況反應出來，以警告吾人 W将發生鑄胚凝殼撕裂。 以下配合圖式詳細說明本發明之待激及功效。 圖式之簡單說明： 第1圖為本發明之用以偵測鏞胚凝殼撕裂之装置的示 意圖； 第2a圖為tl時之銅模及凝殼撕裂口之相對關俗之示意 第2b圖為t2時之銅模及凝殼撕裂口之相對關偽之示意 圖； 第2c圖為t3時之銅模及凝殼撕裂口之相對關傺之示意 圖； 第2d圔為時之綱模及凝殻撕裂口之相對醑係之示意 第2e圖為t5時之銅模及凝殼撕裂口之相對關係之示意 圖； 第3圖為鑄胚發生凝殼撕裂時銅模溫度Tu及Td發生溫 度反轉的曲線圜； 第4圓為本發明偵測建鑛鑄造作業中縳胚凝殼撕裂之 一方法的流程麵；及 第5圈為本發明偵测連饋縳造作業中薄胚凝殼撕裂之 -----------------------裝------訂------線 (請先閲請背面之注念事項再塡寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中西國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） 81.9.20,000 1015&部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 Α6 Β6 五、發明説明（4 ) 另一方法的流程圖。 參考第1圖，其像為本發明之用以偵測镑胚凝殼撕裂 之裝置的示意圖；該裝置主要包括至少一對溫度感測器la 、：lb, —個類比/數位鞞換器2, —凝殼撕裂判定裝置3 ，一蜂鳴器4。其中該對溫度感測器la、lb植入辆模6内 ，且沿著澆鑄方向配置在上、下兩傾位置。參考第2a〜2e 画，該等圈顯示本利用一面》胚5作實驗，該鑄胚5於凝 固期間撕裂口 B0隨時間tl 4 t2 4 t3 4 t4 4 t5變化而改變位 置的剖面圖。通常該等溫度感測器la、lb (通常為i電藕 )所放置的位置離薄品溶融液（例如，鋼液）之液面Ls以 下20m,但不低於銅模6之頂面6a以下500M。由第2a〜2e 圖可知鑲胚於凝殼Su、Sd開始時，撕裂口 BO之位置隨時間 (tl~>t5)漸次往下移動，當移動到某一點時，該對溫度 感澜器la、lb所分別拥得的溫度Tu、Td會發生溫度反轉的 待殊現象，如第3圖所示，該圖顯示4060秒時發生凝殼撕 裂的異常現象；概，未發生凝殼撕裂前，銅液之溫度係經 由凝殼及凝殼舆銅模間的縳粉間接傳至銅模；一旦發生凝 殼撕裂時，撕裂點B0的鑄胚被拉斷裂開，而使銅模6直接 與網液接觸，進而造成溫度Td反大於Tu的結果。該吾人可 由溫度Tu原本高於Td,後來卻發生溫度Td逐漸高於Tu的結 果得知邸將發生凝殼撕裂現象，本發明將此等溫度Td及Tu ，输入一凝殼撕裂預澜裝置3 (例如，一電腦）内，以便 傳給蜂鳴器4一信號，使其作礬。 參考第3及4圏，該圖顳示本發明偵測連缠縳造作業 -6 - 本紙張尺度適用中因國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐〉 81.9,20,000 -------------------；----裝——----·玎-----線-- (請先閱讀背面之注*-事項再塡寫本頁) 5 15 _部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A6 B6 五、發明説明（5 ) 中鑄胚凝殼撕裂之一方法的流程圜。本發明之凝殼撕裂判 定裝置3,可不斷的接收溫度Tu及Td。於某一段時間At後 ，澜量溫度Tu之變化速率ΛΤ/ΔΙ:,如第2步驟所示。若該 速率ΔΤ/Δ1：係小於某一待定負值一Κ1時，即溫度下降速率 到達一旣定標準時，則進行下一步驟3,否則一直不斷的 输入溫度Tu及Td值，直到AT/At小於一 Κ1時才進行下一步 驟3。於第3步驟中判別AT/At是否大於一正值K2,同時 △Td/^t是否大於另一正值K3,亦即另一溫度上升之速率到 達一既定標準時，若兩條件皆成立則命令、蜂鳴器4發出警 告倍號。 參考第3及5圖，該圖顯示本發明偵潮連缠鏵造作業 中薄胚凝殼撕裂之另一方法的流程圖。首先，凝殼撕裂判 定裝置3不斷的接收溫度Tu及Td。在第2步驟時，判別ΔΤιι /△t是否大於正值Κ2 ,同時判別ATd/ZU是否大於另一正值 K3,若上述兩條件皆成立，則進行下一步驟3,否則不斷 的判別上述兩式直到上述兩式成立後才前進至步驟3,在 步驟3判別是否△Tu/ZU是否小於一負值一K1 ,若是，則該 裝置3命令蜂鳴器4發出警告轚。 吾人須注意上述之值ΚΙ , K2及K3將依鋳胚材料，澆縛 速度等參數及預警提前的時間而定。文中數處所提At,並 ...—— ——- — ...一 非為一定值，可為任意時間1 sec〜60 sec。 . .....〆/ 綜合上述，可知本發明之功效在於利用溫度反轉現象 來預示凝殻Su、Sd撕裂，以便使操作人員能調整作業條件 (例如，澆鑄速度），同時防止不良品産生，甚至防止人 -7 - (諳先閲讀背面之注&事項再塡寫本页) i裝- 訂· 本紙張又度適用中因國家標準（CNS>甲4規格（210 X 297公釐> 81.9.20,000 五、發明説明（6 ) 員的傷亡。因此，本案為一極具産業價值的發明。 雖然本發明已以一較佳實施例掲露如上，然其並非用 以限定本發明，任何熟習此項技蕤者，在不脱離本發明之 精神和範圍内，當可作些許之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之 保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 1015^§部中央標準局W工消費合作社印製 ----------------------裝------IT——---·-線 (諝屯閲¾背面之注Φ?事項再塡寫本頁) 本紙張又度適用中虱®家標準（CNS>甲4規格（210 X 2听公釐> 81.9.20,000A6 B6 V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention relates to a method and device for detecting the occurrence of solidified shell tearing in the binding mold (usually copper mold) during the continuous casting operation. Method and device for detecting a signal that a shell tear will occur when the temperature of a certain two points of the embryo is reversed by using at least one pair of temperature sensors. 5 (Please read the note on the back-matters before writing this page) According to the general success of the sand-wedge construction, the casting embryo in the copper mold is completely solidified, that is, it is drawn out from the copper mold Come, so as to fight for time. However, if the friction between the solidified shell and the surface of the copper mold increases and tears (commonly known as " 爆 汤 # breakout), not only will the copper mold and the roller that pulls the casting embryo are damaged, even The hot soup splashed during the bursting of the inlaid embryo would endanger the life safety of the workers, so it is necessary to give early warning to this kind of soup explosion. 15 Conventional methods for predicting burst soup mostly use the abnormal sharp rise of the cooling water outlet temperature of the copper mold to determine whether the burst soup is about to occur. However, this method is relatively simple and cannot be accurately judged. Generally, the copper mold is tetrahedral and each side has a cooling water inlet and outlet. If only the temperature change of a certain water outlet is measured, it can only be predicted that a surface may have a shell tear, but the defective surface cannot be determined. The exact point where the tear occurred. Printed by R Industry and Consumer Cooperatives, Central Bureau of Standards, sjSS. In addition, it can detect the friction between the surface of the copper mold and the casting blank to evaluate the lubrication of the surface of the solidified shell, and then predict the abnormal state of the solidified shell. Because the detection area is too large, the coal soup phenomenon cannot be accurately predicted. There is also a method of using a single point of local temperature measurement, which compares whether the temperature of a point at a certain time is greater than the average temperature before a certain time to determine whether a burst phenomenon will occur, but this method is slower in time , And chickens with poor accuracy take early preventive measures. -3-81.9.20,000 This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese B Western Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 5 15 Central Bureau of Standards Employees Consumer Cooperatives Inari A6 B6 V. Description of invention (2) In order to overcome the shortcomings caused by the above three conventional methods, this case provides a method and device for detecting and tearing the embryo-bound gel shell in the continuous casting operation. The primary object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for detecting the tearing of the casting shell in the continuous inlay setting operation. The secondary object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for accurately detecting the tearing of the thin embryo in the work of Lian Pian Di Di. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for quickly detecting embryonic binding and tearing in the continuous entanglement work. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention includes the following methods and devices: One of the methods is (a) in the mold close to the prayer embryo. The upper and lower tide sensors are respectively arranged along the direction of the pouring book, so that Can measure the temperature Tu and Td of the upper and lower sticks of the copper mold; (b) After a period of time At, measure the rate of change of the temperature Tu ΔΤ / Δΐ, and determine that the rate AT / At is less than a certain negative value; (c ) Before a period of time At, measure the rising rate of the temperature Tu or Td ΔΤ / Δt, and determine that the rate ΔΤ / At image is greater than a certain positive value. Another method is as follows: (a) In the mold close to the emerald embryo, two upper and lower value sensors are respectively arranged along the casting direction so as to measure the temperature Tu and Td at the upper and lower two points of the copper mold; (b) at After a period of time M, measure the change rate ΔT / Δl of the temperature Tu or Td, and determine that the rate ΔΤ / Δί 傜 is greater than a certain positive value; (c) measure the change rate ΔT of the temperature Tu within a period of time At / ΔΙ ;, and determine that the rate ΔT / Δl pseudo is less than a negative value to be determined. The device includes: at least a pair of temperature sensors, which are pseudo-arranged on the upper and lower positions of the casting mold along the casting direction; a temperature analog / digital converter. It is related to the temperature sensor Connect the device so that the -4------------------------ line — 1 (Please read the "Notes on the back" and then write this page) This paper is also applicable to the China® National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications m〇X 297 mm) 81.9.20,000 15 Central Standards Bureau employees Printed by the consumer cooperative A6 B6 V. Description of the invention (3) The temperature is converted into a digital signal; a condensate tear determination device, which is connected to the analog / digital converter, so that after receiving these digital signals, it executes a section according to the above method. The program written / to determine whether these temperatures have reversed; and a buzzer, which will reflect the temperature reversal to warn us that the casting embryo will tear. The following describes the stress and effect of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings. Brief description of the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the device for detecting the tearing of the shell of the Yung-Yong embryo according to the present invention; Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the relative customs of the copper mold and the shell tear at the time of tl. Figure 2b is a schematic diagram of the relative closure of the copper mold and the shell tear at t2; Figure 2c is a schematic diagram of the relative closure of the copper mold and shell tear at t3; 2d is the outline of time Figure 2e is a schematic diagram of the relative relationship between the copper mold and the shell tear at t5; Figure 3 is the copper mold temperature Tu when the mold blank is torn And Td the temperature reversal curve; the 4th circle is the process flow of one method of detecting the embryo-crusted shell tearing in the mine construction and casting operation; and the 5th circle is the detection and feed-bonding manufacturing operation of the invention Medium thin embryo gel shell tearing ------------------------------ (please read first Please write down the notes on the back and then write this page) This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese and Western National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 81.9.20,000 1015 & Printed by the Consumer Standardization Bureau of the Ministry of Standards, Ministry of Standards Α6 Β6 5. Description of the invention (4) The other party Flow chart. Refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of the device for detecting the tearing of a pound embryo shell in the present invention; the device mainly includes at least one pair of temperature sensors la, lb, an analog / digital converter 2, —Condense shell tear judgment device 3, a buzzer 4. Among them, the pair of temperature sensors la and lb are implanted in the vehicle mold 6 and are arranged at an upward and downward tilting position along the casting direction. With reference to drawings 2a ~ 2e, these circles show the profile of the blank 5 used for the experiment. The torn opening B0 of the cast blank 5 changes its position as the time tl 4 t2 4 t3 4 t4 4 t5 changes during the setting. Generally, the temperature sensors la, lb (usually i-electric lotus) are placed 20m below the liquid level Ls of the thin melt solution (for example, steel liquid), but not less than the top surface 6a of the copper mold 6 Below 500M. It can be seen from Figures 2a ~ 2e that the location of the tearing opening BO gradually moves down with time (tl ~> t5) when the embryo is inserted at the beginning of the solidified shell Su and Sd. When it moves to a certain point, the temperature The temperature Tu and Td possessed by the devices la and lb respectively will undergo a special phenomenon of temperature reversal, as shown in Figure 3, which shows the abnormal phenomenon of shell tearing at 4060 seconds; Before the shell is torn, the temperature of the copper liquid is indirectly transmitted to the copper mold through the binding powder between the shell and the shell and the copper mold; once the shell is torn, the casting embryo at the tearing point B0 is pulled apart, and The copper mold 6 is directly contacted with the net liquid, thereby causing the result that the temperature Td is inversely greater than Tu. The person can know from the result that the temperature Tu was originally higher than Td, but then the temperature Td was gradually higher than Tu, and it was known that the shell tearing phenomenon will occur. The present invention inputs these temperature Td and Tu into a shell tearing forecast In the device 3 (for example, a computer), a signal is sent to the buzzer 4 to make it alum. With reference to the 3rd and 4th circles, this figure shows the detection of the invention by the invention-6-This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specification (210 X 297 mm> 81.9,20,000 --- ----------------; ---- installed -------- 玎 ----- line-- (please read the note on the back *-matters first) (Write this page) 5 15 _ A6 B6 printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Education 5. The description of the invention (5) The process flow of one method of tearing the shell of the cast embryo. The device for determining the tear of the shell of the present invention 3, The temperature Tu and Td can be continuously received. After a certain period At, the rate of change of the temperature Tu is ΔT / ΔΙ :, as shown in step 2. If the rate ΔT / Δ1: is less than a certain negative value When Κ1, that is, when the temperature decrease rate reaches a certain standard, the next step 3 is performed, otherwise the temperature Tu and Td values are input continuously, and the next step 3 is not performed until AT / At is less than one Κ1. At step 3 It is determined whether AT / At is greater than a positive value K2, and △ Td / ^ t is greater than another positive value K3, that is, when the rate of temperature increase reaches a predetermined standard, if both conditions are true, the command and buzzer 4 Alert Report No. Refer to Figures 3 and 5, which shows a flow chart of another method of tearing the thin embryo shell in the tide-sweeping tundish making operation of the present invention. First, the shell tear determination device 3 continuously receives Temperature Tu and Td. In the second step, determine whether ΔΤιι / Δt is greater than a positive value K2, and at the same time determine whether ATd / ZU is greater than another positive value K3, if both of the above conditions are true, proceed to the next step 3, otherwise Continuously discriminate the above two formulas until the above two formulas are established before proceeding to step 3, in step 3 to determine whether △ Tu / ZU is less than a negative value of K1, if so, the device 3 commands the buzzer 4 to issue a warning. We should note that the above values ΚΙ, K2 and K3 will depend on the parameters of the embryo material, the pouring speed and other parameters and the time of early warning. The At mentioned in several places in the text At, and ...——————-... If it is not a certain value, it can be any time from 1 sec to 60 sec.... ..//In summary, it can be seen that the effect of the present invention is to use the temperature inversion phenomenon to predict the tearing of the shell Su and Sd, so that The operator can adjust the operating conditions (for example, casting speed), while preventing the occurrence of defective products, even Prevent People-7-(Read the notes on the back & matters first, then write this page) i Pack-Order · This paper is again applicable to the national standard (CNS> A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm> 81.9 .20,000 V. Description of the invention (6) Casualties of personnel. Therefore, this case is an invention of great industrial value. Although the invention has been disclosed as above in a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the invention, any familiarity Those with this skill can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be deemed to be defined by the scope of the attached patent application. 1015 ^ § Printed by the WBC Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Education ---------------------- Installation ------ IT ------- ·- Thread (Note ¾ Note on the back of Φ? Matters and then write this page) This paper is again applicable to the China Lice® family standard (CNS> A 4 specifications (210 X 2 mm)> 81.9.20,000