五、發明説明（1 ) 經濟部屮央標準局E3：工消t合作社印3i 傳統串激（或複激）馬達，其.串激磁場繞組之匝數依其 最適運轉轉速之不同而作調整，高轉速型串激磁場繞組之 匝數較少，低轉速型串激磁場繞組之匝數以較多爲佳，故 在速度需求範圍較廣時，吾人則取一折衷値；此項設計即 爲突破上述限制而揭示之一種具有隨轉速或負載電流調整 串激磁場繞組有效激磁匝數之馬達，尤指負載電流愈大有 效串激繞組被切換開關切換至能滿足飽和激磁較少匝數之 串激（或複激）馬達，主要爲在電源與多抽頭串激磁場繞組 間設有一選擇及切換開關元件組，以接受離心力所操控， 或馬達隨轉速變化大小之信號所操控，或電樞反電勢EMF 所操控，或隨負載電流大小所操控，而使切換開關動作， 以改變串激繞組有效激磁匝數，進而改變串激馬達在各種 輸入電壓或負載變化狀態下之運轉特性爲特徵。 圖1爲此項具有隨轉速或負載電流調整串激磁場繞組 有效激磁匝數之串激（或複激）馬達及操控電路之閉環式基 本電路示意圓，圖中主要構成含： ——至少一組由具有多抽頭之串激磁場繞組S101及電樞A 101構成之直流串激馬達或進一步具有分激繞組F101之複 激馬達； ——至少一組由類比或數位信號處理電路及機電或固態開 關元件所構成之選擇及切換開關元件組SW101，爲具有一 通往電源之共同接腳及各別通往串激磁場繞組S101之各抽 頭，以接受離心力所操控；或隨馬達轉速變化大小之類比 或數位式信號檢知裝置SD101所操控，或由馬達負載電流 (請先閲讀背而之注意事項#構寫本頁) 裝· 訂. 線· 本紙張尺度边用中a Η家標準(CNS)肀4規格(210x297公¢) 81. 2. 20,000 經濟部中央標準局员工消t合作社印製 03丄A6 _Π_6_ 五、發明説明（2) 之類比或數位式檢知裝置ID101所操控，或爲電樞反電勢 (EMF)檢知裝置EMFD101所操控，以使選擇及切換開關元件 組SW101能切換所操控之馬達，在負載愈輕電流變小時， 串激磁場緯組S101有效激磁匝數則愈多，反之，負載愈重 電流昇高時，選擇及切換開關元件組SW101切換至有效激 磁匝數愈少者； ——電路可進一步包括設有電源電壓檢知裝置VD101，以 檢測電源電壓値，進而修正選擇及切換開關元件組之切換 操控指令，其修正値包括電壓愈高，使選擇及切換開關元 件組傾向增加有效激磁串激磁場繞組匝數，此傾向結合上 述馬達負載電流値或轉速値共同構成切換開關切換操控之 參數者；’ ——操控輸入裝置0P101爲由人工或外接電信號介面所構 成，以輸入相關數値至選擇及切換開關元件組者。 上述電路構成以馬達負載電流或轉速或反電勢爲操控 參考信號之閉環式基本電路，即主要爲揭示可由單一電壓 或可變電壓電源所驅動之直流串激（或複激）馬達；並進一 步設有負載電流檢知裝置或馬達轉速檢知裝置或電樞反電 勢EMF檢知裝置或藉離心驅動裝置配合已知馬達本身動態 特性及參考操控輸入裝置之指令，而由選擇及切換開關元 件組作相對切換操控之選擇者。 此外，吾人在實際應用中，亦可視需要取其部分操控 介面以構成此項具有隨轉速或負載電流調整串激磁場繞組 有效激磁匝數之串激（或複激）馬達，其功能包括： (請先閲讀背而之注意事項#璜寫本頁) 本紙張尺度逍用中國Η家標準(CNS) T4規格（210><297公釐) 81. 2. 20,000 Α6 Β6 操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組，以改變串激磁 場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ② 以離心力操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組，以改變串激 磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ③ 以馬達.轉速檢知裝置SD1 01操控選擇及切換控制開關元 件組，以改變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ④ 以負載電流檢知裝置ID101操控選擇及切換控制開關元 件組，以改變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑤ 以電樞反電勢檢知裝置EMFD101操控選擇及切換控制開 關元件組，以改變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑥ 以電源電壓檢知裝置操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組， 以改變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑦ 由①、③項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組，以改 變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑧ 由①、④項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組，以改 變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑨ 由①、⑤項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組，以改 變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑩ 由①、③、⑥項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組， 以改變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 經濟部屮央標"局肖工消赀合作社印製 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) .打： •線· ⑪由①、④、⑧項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組， 以改變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑬由①、⑤、⑥項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組， 以改變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 本紙張尺度適用中a 8家標孕(CNS>甲4規格(210x297公*) 經濟部十央標"局N工消"合作杜卬製 A6 _B6 ⑥項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組，以改 變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑭由④、⑥項結合操控選擇及切渙控制開關元件組，以改 變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑯由⑤、⑥項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組，以改 變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑱由①、③、④項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組， 以改變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑰由①、③、⑤項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組， 以改變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匣數者。 ⑱由①、④、⑤項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組， 以改變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑱由③、④項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組，以改 變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ⑩由③、⑤項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組，以改 變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 ㉑由④、⑤項結合操控選擇及切換控制開關元件組，以改 變串激磁場有效激磁繞組匝數者。 前述各項應用可依成本操控性需求、馬力大小、負載 性質等因素而作不同選擇，進而提昇其應用之豐富性者。 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •打· .線. 本纸張尺度適用中國黷家標孕（CNS)T4規格（210X297公釐）V. Description of the invention (1) E3 of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs: The 3i traditional series-excited (or re-excited) motor is printed by the Cooperative Society, and the number of turns of the series-excited magnetic field winding is adjusted according to the optimal operating speed. , The number of turns of the high-speed series-excited magnetic field winding is less, and the number of turns of the low-speed type-excited magnetic field winding is better, so when the speed range is wider, we take a compromise; this design is In order to overcome the above limitation, a motor with the effective excitation turns of the series field winding adjusted according to the rotation speed or load current is disclosed, especially the larger the load current, the more effective series excitation winding is switched by the switch to meet the saturation excitation with fewer turns Series excitation (or re-excitation) motors are mainly provided with a selection and switching element group between the power supply and the multi-tap series excitation magnetic field windings to be controlled by centrifugal force, or the signal of the motor with the speed change, or the armature Controlled by back-EMF or controlled by the magnitude of the load current, the changeover switch is operated to change the number of effective excitation turns of the series winding, thereby changing the input voltage of the series excitation motor at various The operation in the status characteristics of load change characteristics. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a closed-loop basic circuit of a series-excited (or re-excited) motor and control circuit with an effective number of turns of a series-excited magnetic field winding adjusted according to the speed or load current. The main components of the figure include: ——at least one The group consists of a DC series motor with a multi-tap series field winding S101 and an armature A 101 or a compound motor with a further division winding F101; —— at least one group consisting of analog or digital signal processing circuits and electromechanical or solid state The selection and changeover switch element group SW101 formed by the switching elements is a common pin to the power supply and each tap to the series excitation magnetic field winding S101 to be controlled by the centrifugal force; Analog or digital signal detection device SD101 is controlled by the load current of the motor (please read the back-end precautions # construct this page) Binding · Ordering. Thread · This paper standard is used in a Η home standard (CNS ) Yi 4 specifications (210x297cm) 81. 2. 20,000 Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Employee Consumer Cooperatives 03 丄 A6 _Π_6_ V. Description of invention (2) Analog or digital detection device ID101 is operated , Or controlled by the armature back electromotive force (EMF) detection device EMFD101, so that the selection and changeover switch element group SW101 can switch the motor to be controlled. When the load is lighter, the current becomes smaller, the series excitation magnetic field weft group S101 effectively excites the magnetic turns The more the number is, conversely, when the load is heavier and the current increases, the selection and switching switch group SW101 switches to the effective number of turns with fewer excitations;-the circuit may further include a power supply voltage detection device VD101 to detect the power supply Voltage value, and then correct the switching control command of the selection and switching switch element group, the correction value includes that the higher the voltage, the selection and changeover switch element group tends to increase the effective number of turns of the excitation field excitation field winding, which is combined with the above-mentioned motor load current value Or the speed value together constitutes the parameters for the switching control of the switch; '——The control input device OP101 is composed of a manual or external electrical signal interface to input the relevant value to select and switch the switch element group. The above circuit constitutes a closed-loop basic circuit that uses the motor load current or speed or back EMF as the control reference signal, that is, it mainly discloses a DC series (or re-excitation) motor that can be driven by a single voltage or variable voltage power supply; Load current detection device or motor speed detection device or armature back EMF detection device or by centrifugal drive device with the known dynamic characteristics of the motor itself and reference to the command of the control input device, and is selected and switched by the switching element group The selector of relative switching control. In addition, in practical applications, we can also take part of its control interface as needed to form this series-excited (or re-excited) motor with the effective number of turns of the series-excited magnetic field winding adjusted according to the speed or load current. Its functions include: ( Please read the back-end precautions # 络 write this page) This paper standard uses the Chinese standard (CNS) T4 specification (210 > < 297mm) 81. 2. 20,000 Α6 Β6 control selection and switch control switch Component group to change the number of turns of the field excitation field to effectively excite the winding. ② Select and switch the switching element group by centrifugal force to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation magnetic field. ③ Use the motor.speed detection device SD1 01 to control the selection and switching control switch element group to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation magnetic field. ④ Use the load current detection device ID101 to control the selection and switch control switch element group to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation magnetic field. ⑤ Use the armature back-EMF detection device EMFD101 to control the selection and switch control of the switch element group to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation magnetic field. ⑥ Use the power supply voltage detection device to control the selection and switch control of the switching element group to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation magnetic field. ⑦ Selection and switching control of the switching element group in combination with items ① and ③ in order to change the number of turns of the field excitation field effectively. ⑧ Selection and switching control of the switching element group in combination with items ① and ④ in order to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation magnetic field. ⑨ The selection and switching of the switching element group are combined with items ① and ⑤ to change the effective number of turns of the excitation field of the series excitation magnetic field. ⑩ The combination of items ①, ③, and ⑥ to select and switch the switching element group in order to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation magnetic field. Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, “Quan Xiaogong Xiaogong Cooperative” (please read the precautions on the back and then fill out this page). Hit: • Line · ⑪Combined with ①, ④, ⑧ items to select and switch control switches Component group to change the number of turns of the field excitation field to effectively excite the windings. ⑬The items of ①, ⑤, and ⑥ combined with control selection and switching control of the switching element group to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation magnetic field. This paper scale is applicable to a 8 standard pregnancy (CNS > A 4 specifications (210x297 g *)) Ten Central Standard of the Ministry of Economy " Bureau N Industry & Consumer Affairs " Cooperation Dubai system A6 _B6 ⑥ items combined with control selection and switching control switching elements Group, to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation magnetic field. ⑭ Combine the selection and control of the switching element group by the items ④ and ⑥ to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation field. ⑯ Combined by the items of ⑤, ⑥ Manipulating selection and switching control of switching element groups to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation magnetic field. ⑱Combining manipulation selection and switching control of switching element groups by items ①, ③ and ④ to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series excitation magnetic field ⑰ The combination of items ①, ③, and ⑤ selects and switches the switching element group to change the number of effective excitation winding cassettes in the series excitation field. ⑱ The items of ①, ④, and ⑤ combine the selection and switch of the control switching element group to Those who change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series-excited magnetic field. ⑱ Combine the selection and switching control of the switching element group by the items ③ and ④ to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the series-excited magnetic field. ⑩ By ③ , ⑤ item combined with manipulation selection and switching control switching element group to change the number of turns of the effective excitation winding of the string excitation field. ㉑From ④, ⑤ item combined control selection and switching control of the switching element group to change the string excitation field effective excitation winding turns The above-mentioned applications can be selected according to cost control requirements, horsepower, load nature and other factors to enhance the richness of their applications. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) • Strike.. Line. This paper scale is suitable for China's Mijia Family Pregnancy (CNS) T4 specification (210X297 mm)