TW202329532A - Miniature high-gain 5g antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a miniature high-gain 5G antenna, comprising a feed network and an array antenna disposed on the feed network. The feed network further includes a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, a bandpass resonator and a power divider for division of element antennas into two sub-elements, wherein the power divider is connected to the first and second matching circuits and the bandpass resonator. The array antenna further includes a reflecting element, a first antenna element, a second antenna element, a third antenna element, a fourth antenna element, fifth antenna element and a sixth antenna element, all of which are disposed along a Y-axis thereof. The array form by the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth antenna elements further has an antenna element spacing (pitch) of 1/10 a wavelength of a certain frequency to have the first antenna element stay in an open-circuit status. A phase difference between the second and sixth antenna elements is 70 degrees, and the second and sixth antenna elements are connected to the first and second matching circuits, respectively. The reflecting element, the third, fourth and fifth antenna elements are grounded with a short circuit. Accordingly, the antenna in the present invention can be operated by selection of preset beams, effectively suppress side lobes and significantly compensate the sidelobe null shown relative to a vertical plane of a base station, so as further to improve undesired poor reception of signals at a location in the proximity of the base station and simplify the feed network design framework in which the antenna efficiency and gain are larger than 70% and 7.5 dBi, respectively.

Description

5G Miniaturized High Gain Antenna

The present invention relates to a 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna, in particular to a 5G high-gain beamforming antenna system applied to a wireless communication base station.

In the fifth generation of mobile communication, the ability of smart devices to process data is getting stronger and stronger, and the demand for data transmission speed is also getting higher and higher. As a result, in order to meet the user's high-traffic transmission, more base stations must be laid to maintain communication quality, and increasing the number of base stations to improve communication quality is not as easy as it used to be, so use or improve existing related equipment to improve Communication quality has become the main axis of service providers.

The communication environment served by the base station is often in an extremely complex multi-path channel, especially in a large city full of buildings, the branch of the base station is very dense, and the radiation problem between adjacent base stations is more likely to affect each other. In addition, the general base station antenna is usually placed at the highest point, such as the roof of a building, on a communication tower or a smart street light, etc., but end users usually use the device at a low place; in addition, in urban areas and other population In dense areas, there are usually problems of huge communication transmission volume, building blockage and multi-path reflection of radio waves. In order to ensure the quality of mobile communication has a certain stability, and cover more users on the ground, and the base stations do not transmit each other For interference, the base station antenna is usually adjusted to tilt downward to create a tilt angle. However, this method of mechanically adjusting the tilt angle cannot arbitrarily change the field pattern for other azimuth co-frequency signal interference sources.

Now, the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna provided by the inventor is a reverse engineering of the antenna design without adjusting the mechanical inclination angle and according to the predetermined radiation pattern.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna, which can be applied to the 5G high-gain beamforming antenna system required by the wireless communication base station, mainly through the established field pattern and high-gain antenna design requirements, Use beamforming to concentrate the main beam to tilt the angle required by the base station and achieve a narrow beam width to reduce signal interference, which has better resolution and improves signal use efficiency, and improves the recognition of signal tracking with the best beam angle. Enhance the communication quality between the height of the antenna and the ground.

Purpose and effect of the present invention are realized by the following technologies:

A 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna comprising a feed-in network component and an array antenna component, the array antenna component being arranged on the feed-in network component; wherein:

The feed-in network component includes a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit, a split-two power splitter, and a bandpass resonator arranged on a first substrate, and the split-two power splitter Connecting the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the bandpass resonator; the first substrate also includes a ground plane;

The array antenna component includes a reflective element, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, a third antenna unit, a fourth antenna unit, a fifth antenna unit, and a sixth antenna unit, and the reflective element and the The first antenna unit to the sixth antenna unit are arranged in a 7×1 array along a Y axis, and the array spacing between the first antenna unit to the sixth antenna unit is one-tenth of a wavelength , and the phase difference between the second antenna unit and the sixth antenna unit is 70∘, the first antenna unit is open, and the second antenna unit is connected to the first matching circuit, The sixth antenna unit is connected to the second matching circuit, and the reflection element, the third antenna unit to the fifth antenna unit are connected to the ground plane.

In the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna described above, the second antenna unit to the sixth antenna unit are a monopole antenna.

The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna described above, wherein the monopole antenna has a first end and a second end, the first end extends upward along the Z-axis to form a first straight segment, and then turns along the Y-axis toward The second end extends to form a first transverse segment, and then extends downward along the Z axis to form a second straight segment; the second end extends upward along the Z axis to form a third straight segment, and then turns along the Y axis toward The first end extends to form a second transverse section, and then extends downward along the Z axis to form a fourth straight section; there is a gap between the second straight section and the fourth straight section, and at The last paragraphs connect to each other.

The above-mentioned 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna, wherein, the length of the first straight section is shorter than the length of the third straight section; the length of the second straight section is smaller than the length of the fourth straight section; The length of the first transverse segment is greater than the length of the second transverse segment.

The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna described above, wherein the bandpass resonator is a semi-lumped bandpass resonator.

Effect of the present invention is:

Accordingly, the antenna of the present invention can select the predetermined beam steering and suppress the field distribution of the remaining side lobes, and strengthen the compensation for the zero point of the lower side lobes in the vertical plane of the base station, thereby improving the situation of poor signal in the near area of the base station, and simplifying the Feed-in network design architecture, its antenna efficiency and gain are greater than 70%, 7.5 dBi.

In order to have a more complete and clear disclosure of the technical content used in the present invention, the purpose of the invention and the effects achieved, it will be described in detail below, and please also refer to the disclosed drawings and drawing numbers:

Please refer to the first to fourth pictures.

The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention includes a feeding network component 1 and an array antenna component 2 . Definition: take the length direction along the feeding network component 1 as the Y axis, the width direction as the X axis, and the height direction as the Z axis.

The array antenna component 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the feeding network component 1, and is erected along the Z axis, and the angle between it and the feeding network component 1 is 90∘; where:

The feed-in network component 1 comprises a first matching circuit 12, a second matching circuit 13, a split-two power divider 14, a bandpass resonator 15 arranged on a first substrate 11, and a split-two power The distributor 14 connects the first matching circuit 12, the second matching circuit 13 and the bandpass resonator 15; the first substrate 11 also includes a ground plane 16; the bandpass resonator 15 is a semi-lumped bandpass resonator . The first matching circuit 12, the second matching circuit 13, the one-to-two power splitter 14 and the bandpass resonator 15 are all composed of microstrip lines.

The array antenna part 2 includes a reflective element 22, a first antenna unit 23, a second antenna unit 24, a third antenna unit 25, a fourth antenna unit 26, and a fifth antenna arranged on a second substrate 21. The unit 27, the sixth antenna unit 28, the reflective element 22 and the first antenna unit 23 to the sixth antenna unit 28 are arranged in a sequential array in a 7×1 manner along a Y axis, and the first antenna unit 23 to the sixth antenna unit The array spacing between 28 is one-tenth of the wavelength, and the phase difference between the second antenna unit 24 and the sixth antenna unit 28 is 70∘, so that the first antenna unit 23 is open, and the second antenna unit 24 Connected to the first matching circuit 12 , the sixth antenna unit 28 is connected to the second matching circuit 13 , the reflective element 22 and the third antenna unit 25 , the fourth antenna unit 26 and the fifth antenna unit 27 are connected to the ground plane 16 .

In a preferred embodiment of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention, the second antenna unit 24, the third antenna unit 25, the fourth antenna unit 26, the fifth antenna unit 27, and the sixth antenna unit 28 are Monopole Antenna A (see fourth figure). The monopole antenna A has a first end A1 and a second end A2, the first end A1 extends upward along the Z axis to form a first straight section A3, and then turns and extends along the Y axis toward the second end A2 to form a first transverse section A4, then extend down along the Z-axis to form the second straight section A5; the second end A2 extends up along the Z-axis to form the third straight section A6, and then turn around and extend along the Y-axis toward the first end A1 to form the second transverse direction Section A7, and then extend downward along the Z axis to form the fourth straight section A8; there is a gap A9 between the second straight section A5 and the fourth straight section A8, and between the second straight section A5 and the fourth The end sections of the straight section A8 are connected to each other.

In a preferred embodiment of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention, the length of the first straight section A3 is shorter than the length of the third straight section A6; the length of the second straight section A5 is shorter than the length of the fourth straight section A8; The length of the first transverse section A4 is greater than the length of the second transverse section A7.

The following is an actual measurement of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention, wherein the first substrate 11 of the feed network component 1 and the second substrate 21 of the array antenna component 2 both use a FR4 substrate with a thickness of 0.8 mm (ε _r =4.4 ,tanδ=0.02). The overall antenna height is 10mm (0.115λ ₀ @3450MHz).

Please refer to the third and fourth pictures. The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention uses the second antenna unit 24 and the sixth antenna unit 28 of the array antenna part 2 to output equal power amplitudes and provide different output phase differences of 70∘ according to a predetermined radiation pattern, namely The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention can have beam pointing operation and radiate to a specific angle (𝐸 _𝜃 =45∘). The semi-lumped bandpass resonator 15 uses a chip inductor (Lp=1.8nH), which can provide a frequency deviation adjustment mode mechanism. The parameters of the feeding network component 1 of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna are listed in Table 1. Show.

<Table 1> Substrate : FR4, thickness = 0.8 mm, εr = 4.4, σ = 0.02, f c = 3450 MHz Parameters value Parameters value Parameters value Z0 50Ω Zm4 68.2Ω Z3 71Ω 𝜃t2 184∘ 𝜃m4 17.1∘ 𝜃t3 43.6∘ Zm1 68.2Ω Zm5 90.4Ω LP 1.8 nH 𝜃m1 6.5∘ 𝜃m5 42.9∘ 𝜃d1 41.2∘ Zm2 68.2Ω Zm6 85.4Ω 𝜃 d2 112∘ 𝜃m2 66.8∘ 𝜃m6 75.9∘ / / Zm3 98.2Ω Zt1 45.3Ω / / 𝜃m3 32.6∘ 𝜃t1 79.6∘ / /

Since the excited second antenna unit 24 and the sixth antenna unit 28 are located at different ground positions, and under the influence of adjacent antenna coupling, the input impedance values of the first antenna unit 23 to the sixth antenna unit 28 will be different, resulting in no match. Therefore, adopt the distributed element design of microstrip line, connect the open-circuit stub in parallel with the load impedance and connect the quarter-wavelength-one-division two-way power divider 14 in series, and divide the impedance of the second antenna unit 24 and the sixth antenna unit 28 The value is matched to 50Ω, as shown in the fifth figure (a), (b). Among them, the calculation of the electrical length can be performed according to different frequencies of 3300MHz and 3500MHz respectively, forming a dual-mode resonance mechanism. The S parameters and input impedance of the first matching circuit 12 and the second matching circuit 13 of the simulated antenna are respectively shown in the fifth figure (c), (d) shown. It is worth noting that the mutual coupling effect (Mutual Coupling) between the second antenna unit 24 and the sixth antenna unit 28 is 10.8dB, 3450MHz, so the subsequent one-to-two power splitter 14 can directly ignore the The calculation of the impedance conversion of the coupling quantity directly uses a T-shaped wave splitter.

Figure 6 (a) is the layout diagram of the one-to-two-way power divider, which will output equal power amplitudes through the two ports of the one-to-two-way power divider 14 according to the predetermined radiation pattern (E _θ =45∘) And unequal phase difference design, will provide an output phase difference of 70 degrees, through the integration of quarter-wavelength impedance conversion (Z _t1 =45.3Ω, 𝜃 _t1 =79.6∘) and semi-lumped bandpass resonator 15 become. The power amplitude and phase difference of the simulated S parameters are shown in Figure 6 (b) and (c) respectively, and the observation frequency band is 2000-5000MHz. The microstrip line loss of the overall circuit design is 0.8dB, and it has good output power balance and phase error value in the designed frequency band.

Next, use simulation software to analyze and perform actual production and final measurement verification. The seventh figure is a comparison between simulation and measurement of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention. In the simulation and measurement results, its return loss and input impedance have a certain degree of consistency. In the comparative analysis of the return loss, the impedance bandwidth is defined as a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.5:1, and the distribution of the design frequency band 3300MHz to 3600MHz has dual-mode resonance characteristics and good impedance matching. Return The loss values are all greater than 14dB, and the measured impedance bandwidth percentage is 8.8%, as shown in Figure 7 (a).

In the comparison of input impedance in Figure 7 (b), at the observed frequency point of 3130MHz, the measured real part impedance is significantly higher than the simulated result, which leads to the frequency increase of the dual-mode resonance of the overall antenna, while the imaginary part impedance changes Little has been changed, and even so, it's still acceptable.

The eighth figure is a comparison of various parameters of the simulated antenna with or without the reflector 3 , wherein the reflector 3 is made of copper sheet with a size of 120×130mm ² and a thickness of 0.1mm. In order to improve the overall antenna directivity, the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna located at the center of the reflector 3 is moved 32mm toward the -Y axis, as shown in Figure 8 (a). This design is intended for directional beam steering. If the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna is placed in the center of the reflector 3, although the directivity can also be improved, it will cause the source component of the electric field (E _θ ) in the -Y direction to become larger, so that the overall back of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna The radiation is improved, and under the mechanism of adding the reflector 3, if the small base station is installed in any place, it can still maintain the radiation pattern characteristics, and can reduce the impact on the performance of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna. The simulated return loss results are shown in the first Eight figure (b) shown. From the simulation results of each plane field pattern shown in Figure 8 (c) to Figure 8 (e), it is possible to obtain the directivity of the directional beam that will help the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna if it follows the predetermined moving position.

Place the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna to be tested in the quiet zone (Quiet Zone). In order to avoid problems such as leakage current effects, subsequent compensation losses, and wire stripping implementation errors if coaxial cables are used during the measurement process, especially The higher the frequency, the more seriously it will be affected. Here, the SMA connector (50Ω) will be used to feed into the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna under test. According to the definition of far-field spherical coordinates, the measurement surface is the E _θ angle of the XZ plane (0∘~180∘); the E _θ angle of the XY plane (0∘~360∘), and the +Z direction is pointing to the standard antenna (Horn Antenna) . According to the above conditions, the proposed 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna was verified by measurement, and the parameters and radiation pattern characteristics of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna were analyzed. The XY plane field type is defined here as the horizontal plane (Azimuthal Plane); the YZ plane is defined as the vertical plane (Elevation plane).

The ninth figure (a) and the ninth figure (b) are the comparison of the gain and radiation efficiency of the simulated and measured 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna respectively. In the overall design frequency band (3300MHz~3600MHz), there are significant differences in the simulation and measurement results. A certain degree of fit. The measured antenna efficiency varies from 66% to 78%, and the overall radiation efficiency presents an approximate band-pass (Band pass) trend, which shows that if the band-pass resonator design with semi-lumped components is used in passive networks , in addition to adjusting the chip inductance (Lp), the resonant frequency shift mechanism can be established, and the electromagnetic compatibility mechanism of the non-design frequency band can be effectively suppressed; the measured antenna gain changes from 7.2dBi to 7.8dBi, therefore, from this experiment It can be verified that the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention is a high-gain antenna design.

From the comparison of the measured and simulated 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna plane normalization patterns in the tenth to the twelfth figures, it can be known that the measured frequency points are 3300MHz, 3450MHz and 3600MHz respectively, and the simulated and measured 5G The radiation pattern of the miniaturized high-gain antenna is quite similar, and the YZ plane conforms to the established average radiation elevation angle (E _θ =50∘) as the maximum directivity angle. However, refer to Figure 6 (c) for the output of the simulated power divider The phase difference (∠S ₂₁ -∠S ₃₁ ) angle changes, and the phase differences corresponding to the three observation frequency points are not the same, which leads to the difference in the maximum pointing angle of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna on the YZ plane . Among them, in the YZ plane field type, it suppresses the remaining side lobe on the vertical plane (E _θ =15∘～-180∘), and at the same time, it has the attenuation distribution of the side lobe gain on the vertical plane downward (E _θ =80∘～ 120∘) for zero point compensation, as shown in the thirteenth figure, it is worth noting that the XY planes at the observation frequency points 3450MHz and 3600MHz have good front-to-back ratio radiation characteristics, but compared with the wavelength relationship of the frequency 3300MHz is also radio wave Diffraction occurs, resulting in a slightly lower front-to-back ratio than the rest of the XY plane pattern, as shown in Figure 14. Among them, the radiation field quantities in the two planar field types are dominated by the E _θ component, and the contribution of this part is because the excitation surface current of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna is mostly uniform longitudinal current, and there is a large Less lateral current distribution, which means that from the perspective of the far field, the contributed longitudinal current can be regarded as a distribution parallel to the Z axis, so the cross-polarization ratios on the XY and YZ planes are greater than 25dB, as A linearly polarized directional beam antenna characteristic. Based on the above explanations, by stimulating the phase difference between the second antenna unit 24 and the sixth antenna unit 28 to be 70∘, it can be proved that the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention is a design concept of beam directional operation.

<Table 2> 3300 MHz 3450 MHz 3600 MHz Avg. value Return Loss (dB) 16.7 17.1 33.0 NA Efficiency (dB) -1.7 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 Directivity (dBi) 9.2 9.1 9.1 9.1 Peak Gain (dBi) 7.5 7.8 7.7 7.6 Max. Elevation Angle (deg) 50.0 48.0 46.0 48.0 F/B Ratio (dB) 17.1 17.4 18.2 17.6 Cross Pol. Level (dB) 27.4 25.6 25.4 26.1 HPBW (dB) YZ Plane 46.2 42.7 43.2 44.0 XY Plane (E _θ =48∘) 101.4 96.7 102.1 100.0 Impedance BW (VSWR ≤ 1.5) 3223～3665MHz / 13.7% Antenna Polarization Vertical, (E _θ )

The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna proposed by the present invention is through the dual use of the micro-phased array factor and the second antenna unit 24 and the sixth antenna unit 28 (missing source), through the reflective element 21, the first The antenna unit 23 to the sixth antenna unit 28 and other seven-unit multi-antenna miniaturization forms, the array spacing is one-tenth of the wavelength, forming a miniaturized array structure. After the above analysis, combined with the phase difference distribution of the phased array factor, Whether it is forming gain stacking, synthesizing arbitrary directional beams or reverse cancellation, etc., according to different needs, you can choose the predetermined directional beam control and suppress the other side lobes of the field distribution.

In addition, by analyzing and determining the optimal distribution of the load impedance of each antenna unit, a constant field distribution can be maintained, thereby reducing costs and achieving a simplified feed-in network design structure.

The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna proposed by the present invention is a low-profile three-dimensional geometric structure. The antenna structure can be formed on a single piece of FR4 substrate only by printing technology. The manufacturing process is simple and Easy to adjust.

The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention has a high directivity of 9.1dBi and a good radiation efficiency of 70%.

The above mentioned are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those made with slight changes and modifications according to the creative spirit and characteristics of the present invention should also be included in the scope of this patent.

To sum up, the embodiment of the present invention can indeed achieve the expected use effect, and the specific technical means disclosed by it have not only never been seen in similar products, nor have they been disclosed before the application. In terms of regulations and requirements, it is really convenient to file an application for a patent for invention according to the law, and ask for the review and approval of the patent.

1: Feed into network components

11: The first substrate

12: The first matching circuit

13: The second matching circuit

14: One-way two-way power splitter

15: Bandpass resonator

16: Ground plane

2: Array antenna components

21: Second substrate

22: Reflective element

23: The first antenna unit

24: Second antenna unit

25: The third antenna unit

26: The fourth antenna unit

27: Fifth antenna unit

28: The sixth antenna unit

A: Monopole Antenna

A1: first end

A2: the second end

A3: The first vertical segment

A4: First horizontal section

A5: Second vertical section

A6: The third vertical segment

A7: Second transverse section

A8: The fourth vertical section

The first picture: the three-dimensional exploded view of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention

The second picture: the three-dimensional combination diagram of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention

The third figure: the structural diagram of the antenna unit of the present invention

Figure 4: Schematic diagram of the structure of the 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna of the present invention

Figure 5: Reveals (a) the second antenna unit, (b) the impedance matching circuit diagram of the sixth antenna unit, (c) S parameters, (d) input impedance

Figure 6: Reveals (a) the layout of the one-to-two-way power divider, (b) the amplitude of the S parameter, and (c) the phase of the S parameter

Figure 7: Reveals the comparison of simulated and measured miniaturized high-gain antennas, where: (a) return loss, (b) input impedance

Figure 8: Reveals the comparison diagram of the simulated antenna with or without a metal reflector, in which: (a) schematic diagram of the antenna reflector, (b) return loss, (c) antenna gain (d) YZ plane, (e) XY plane

Figure 9: Reveals the comparison diagram of simulated and measured miniaturized high-gain antenna parameters, in which: (a) radiation efficiency, (b) antenna gain

Figure 10: Revealing the comparison of simulated and measured plane fields ( f L = 3300 MHz)

Figure 11: Revealing the comparison of simulated and measured plane fields ( f c = 3450 MHz)

Figure 12: Revealing the comparison of simulated and measured plane fields ( f H = 3600 MHz)

Figure 13: Normalized comparison chart revealing the field pattern of the measurement plane, in which: (a) XY plane, (b) YZ plane

Figure 14: Contour diagram revealing the simulated 3D field pattern, where: (a) schematic diagram of antenna coordinates, (b) f L = 3300 MHz, (c) f c = 3450 MHz, (d) f H = 3600 MHz

1: Feed into network components

11: The first substrate

12: The first matching circuit

13: The second matching circuit

14: One-way two-way power splitter

15: Bandpass resonator

16: Ground plane

2: Array antenna components

21: Second substrate

22: Reflective element

23: The first antenna unit

24: Second antenna unit

25: The third antenna unit

26: The fourth antenna unit

27: Fifth antenna unit

28: The sixth antenna unit

Claims (5)

A 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna comprising a feed-in network component and an array antenna component, the array antenna component being arranged on the feed-in network component; wherein: The feed-in network component includes a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit, a split-two power splitter, and a bandpass resonator arranged on a first substrate, and the split-two power splitter Connecting the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the bandpass resonator; the first substrate also includes a ground plane; The array antenna component includes a reflective element, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, a third antenna unit, a fourth antenna unit, a fifth antenna unit, and a sixth antenna unit, and the reflective element and the The first antenna unit to the sixth antenna unit are arranged in a 7×1 array along a Y axis, and the array spacing between the first antenna unit to the sixth antenna unit is one-tenth of a wavelength , and the phase difference between the second antenna unit and the sixth antenna unit is 70∘, the first antenna unit is open, and the second antenna unit is connected to the first matching circuit, The sixth antenna unit is connected to the second matching circuit, and the reflection element, the third antenna unit to the fifth antenna unit are connected to the ground plane. The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna according to claim 1, wherein the second antenna unit to the sixth antenna unit are a monopole antenna The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna according to claim 2, wherein the monopole antenna has a first end and a second end, and the first end extends upward along the Z axis to form a first straight segment, and then turns along the The Y axis extends toward the second end to form a first transverse section, and then extends downward along the Z axis to form a second straight section; the second end extends upward along the Z axis to form a third straight section, and then turns along the The Y axis extends toward the first end to form a second transverse section, and then extends downward along the Z axis to form a fourth straight section; there is a gap between the second straight section and the fourth straight section , and join each other at the end. The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna according to claim 3, wherein the length of the first straight section is shorter than the length of the third straight section; the length of the second straight section is shorter than the fourth straight section length; the first transverse segment length is greater than the second transverse segment length. The 5G miniaturized high-gain antenna according to claim 4, wherein the bandpass resonator is a semi-lumped bandpass resonator.

Images