TW202315894A - 抗受體相關酪胺酸激酶(ryk)抗體及其用途 - Google Patents
抗受體相關酪胺酸激酶(ryk)抗體及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本文尤其提供以高效率及特異性結合受體相關酪胺酸激酶(Ryk)之抗體。本文所提供之抗體及抗體組成物包含例如新穎輕鏈及重鏈域CDR及構架區且尤其可用於診斷及治療癌症及其他RYK相關疾病。在實施例中,本文所提供之抗RYK抗體能夠結合人類RYK蛋白質,但不結合小鼠RYK蛋白質。
Description
受體相關酪胺酸激酶(Ryk)係無翅基因-int(Wingless-int,Wnt)配體,例如Wnt1、
1Wnt3a、
1Wnt5a、
2及可能地Wnt5b
3之高度保守的單次跨膜受體。細胞外域具有WIF(Wnt抑制因子-1樣)域,其可起始與捲曲(Frizzled,Frz)受體之複合物形成以在Wnt信號傳導網路中進行交叉通話(crosstalk),由此影響β-連環蛋白依賴性及β-連環蛋白非依賴性(例如非經典)Wnt信號傳導路徑之活化。
1,4,5細胞質域具有缺乏明顯的激酶活性之酪胺酸激酶域。
5-7然而,Ryk之細胞質域可經γ-分泌酶裂解且釋放用於核易位,
8表明其可在調控細胞信號傳導方面起到替代性作用。
Ryk明顯主要在胚胎發育中發揮作用,在胚胎發育中,其調控軸突生長、心血管及顱面發育以及胎兒肝臟造血。
9-11,12 RYK之基因體破壞導致圍產期死亡。儘管Ryk在早期發育中具有重要作用,但其表現看來在發育期間減弱且在產後組織上未呈現確定性表現。然而,由於尚無與表現Ryk之活細胞反應的具有高親和力之高特異性抗Ryk單株抗體(mAb),故對出生後Ryk之表現研究不足。
然而,值得注意的是,有報告描述多種癌症表現Ryk。
5舉例而言,Ryk明顯在神經膠母細胞瘤中表現,其中其藉由其調節Wnt/β-連環蛋白路徑之能力促進神經膠母細胞瘤細胞之『幹性(stemness)』。
13另外,Ryk可在乳房癌症中表現,其中據稱其可促進乳癌腫瘤起始細胞之擴增且經顯示其可增進乳房癌細胞生長。
14,15Ryk亦牽涉到胃癌腫瘤發生。
16另外,由於缺乏用以檢查癌細胞及正常產後組織上Ryk之相對表現的高特異性抗Ryk mAb,使得有關多種癌症之Ryk表現的評估受到阻礙。
此項技術中需要對表現Ryk之細胞具有高特異性的mAb,以便例如研究Ryk在早期發育及贅瘤形成中之功能意義。因此,此項技術中需要針對表現Ryk之目標細胞的mAb以進行偵測、消除、功能抑制、免疫介導之破壞或靶向藥物遞送。市售的用於評定細胞上Ryk之表現的試劑係來源於異源抗血清之抗體,例如綿羊抗Ryk(R&D systems)。選擇對Ryk具有結合之此等抗Ryk抗體。然而,其對人類Ryk無特異性且與不表現人類Ryk之細胞交叉反應。有一種市售mAb聲稱對人類Ryk具有特異性(例如SAP18, 華盛頓州西雅圖(Seattle WA)98121之2401第四大道套房900號的LSBio)。然而,此mAb明顯與變性之人類Ryk反應。因此,此mAb可用於在免疫墨點或ELISA分析中偵測Ryk,但未經過驗證可用於流式細胞分析技術,因為其明顯缺乏與活細胞上之細胞表面Ryk的特異性結合。總體而言,先前產生之抗Ryk抗體看來不適合潛在用於患有表現Ryk之癌症之患者的療法中。
本文尤其提供針對此項技術中之此等及其他需求的解決方案。
在一個態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其包含重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO:1中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:2中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:3中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO:4中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:5中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 6中所示之CDR L3。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其包含重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO: 17中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO: 18中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO: 19中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO: 20中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO: 21中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 22中所示之CDR L3。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其包含重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO: 33中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO: 34中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO: 35中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO:36中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO: 37中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 38中所示之CDR L3。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其包含重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO: 49中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO: 50中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO: 51中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO:52中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO: 53中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 54中所示之CDR L3。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包含以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包含如SEQ ID NO:1中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:2中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:3中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;及包含如SEQ ID NO:4中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:5中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 6中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包含以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包含如SEQ ID NO:17中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:18中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:19中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;及包含如SEQ ID NO:20中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:21中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 22中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包含以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包含如SEQ ID NO:33中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:34中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:35中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;及包含如SEQ ID NO:36中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:37中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 38中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包含以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包含如SEQ ID NO:49中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:50中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:51中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;及包含如SEQ ID NO:52中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:53中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 54中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
在另一態樣中,提供一種經分離之核酸,其編碼本文所提供之抗RYK抗體,包含其實施例。
在另一態樣中,提供一種細胞,其包含本文所提供之抗RYK抗體,包含其實施例;或本文所提供之核酸,包含其實施例。
在另一態樣中,提供一種醫藥組成物,其包含治療有效量的本文所提供之抗體(包含其實施例)及醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑。
在另一態樣中,提供一種形成能夠結合至RYK蛋白質之抗體的方法,該方法包含對哺乳動物免疫接種包含SEQ ID NO:129之序列的肽。
在另一態樣中,提供一種偵測表現RYK之細胞的方法,該方法包含(i)使表現RYK之細胞與本文所提供之抗體(包含其實施例)接觸;(ii)且偵測該抗體與該細胞表現之RYK蛋白質的結合。
在另一態樣中,提供一種治療有需要受試者之癌症的方法,該方法包含向受試者投予治療有效量的本文所提供之抗RYK抗體,包含其實施例。
在另一態樣中,提供一種鑑別抗RYK抗體之方法,該方法包含:(i)使抗體與第一RYK多肽接觸,該第一RYK多肽包含對應於SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸殘基48至57的胺基酸序列;(ii)偵測與該第一RYK多肽結合之抗體;(iii)使該抗體與第二RYK多肽接觸,該第二RYK多肽不包含對應於SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸殘基48至57的胺基酸序列;且(iv)偵測不與該第二RYK多肽結合之抗體,由此鑑別出抗RYK抗體。
相關申請案之交叉參照
本申請案主張2021年8月18日提交之美國臨時申請案第63/234,527號的優先權,該案以全文引用的方式併入本文中且用於所有目的。
關於在聯邦贊助的研究與開發下完成之發明之權利的聲明
本發明係依據美國國立衛生研究院(National Institutes of Health)授予之CA236361在政府支持下完成。政府在本發明中享有某些權利。
序列表
隨附序列表中之材料以全文引用的方式併入本文中。隨附檔案名為「048537-648001TW_SL_ST26.xml」,創建於2022年8月15日且為120,584位元組。該檔案可以在使用Window OS之電腦上使用Microsoft Word訪問。
儘管本文顯示且描述本發明之各個實施例及態樣,但熟習此項技術者將顯而易見的是,此等實施例及態樣僅作為實例提供。熟習此項技術者現將在不背離本發明之情況下想到許多變化、改變及取代。應理解,本文所描述之本發明實施例的各種替代方案均可用於實踐本發明。
本文所使用之章節標題僅出於組織目的,而不應解釋為限制所描述之主題。本申請案中所引用之所有文獻或文獻之部分,包含但不限於專利、專利申請案、文章、書籍、手冊及論文,均以全文引用的方式明確地併入本文中用於任何目的。
本文所使用之縮寫具有其在化學及生物學領域內習知之含義。本文所闡述之化學結構及化學式係根據化學技術中已知之化學價標準規則來構築。
定義
除非另外定義,否則本文所使用之技術及科學術語具有與一般熟習此項技術者通常理解相同之含義。參見例如Singleton等人, 《微生物學與分子生物學詞典(DICTIONARY OF MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY)》,第2版, J. Wiley & Sons (紐約州紐約(New York, NY)NY 1994);Sambrook等人, 《分子選殖實驗手冊(MOLECULAR CLONING, A LABORATORY MANUAL)》, Cold Springs Harbor Press (紐約州冷泉港(Cold Springs Harbor, NY), 1989)。與本文所描述之方法、裝置及材料類似或等效的任何方法、裝置及材料可用於實踐本發明。提供以下定義有助於理解本文中頻繁使用之某些術語且不意欲限制本揭示案之範圍。
「核酸」係指呈單股、雙股或多股形式的核苷酸(例如去氧核糖核苷酸或核糖核苷酸)及其聚合物,或其補體;或核苷(例如去氧核糖核苷或核糖核苷)。在實施例中,「核酸」不包含核苷。在常見及慣用意義上,術語「聚核苷酸」、「寡核苷酸(oligonucleotide)」、「寡核苷酸(oligo)」或類似表述係指線性核苷酸序列。在常見及慣用意義上,術語「核苷」係指包含核鹼基及五碳糖(核糖或去氧核糖)之醣苷胺。核苷之非限制性實例包含胞苷、尿苷、腺苷、鳥苷、胸苷及肌苷。在常見及慣用意義上,術語「核苷酸」係指聚核苷酸之單一單元,亦即單體。核苷酸可為核糖核苷酸、去氧核糖核苷酸或其經修飾型式。本文所涵蓋之聚核苷酸的實例包含單股及雙股DNA、單股及雙股RNA,以及具有單股及雙股DNA及RNA之混合物的雜合分子。核酸,例如本文所涵蓋之聚核苷酸的實例包含任何類型之RNA,例如mRNA、siRNA、miRNA及導引RNA;以及任何類型之DNA、基因體DNA、質體DNA及微型環DNA,及其任何片段。在聚核苷酸之情形中,在常見及慣用意義上,術語「雙螺旋體」係指雙股型。核酸可為線性或分支的。舉例而言,核酸可為線性核苷酸鏈,或核酸可為分支的,例如由此使得核酸包括一或多個核苷酸臂或分支。視情況,分支核酸重複地分支以形成有序性較高之結構,諸如樹枝狀聚合物及類似物。
核酸,包含例如具有硫代磷酸酯主鏈之核酸,可包含一或多個反應性部分。如本文所使用,術語反應性部分包含能夠經由共價、非共價或其他相互作用與另一分子,例如與核酸或多肽反應的任何基團。舉例而言,核酸可包含經由共價、非共價或其他相互作用與蛋白質或多肽上之胺基酸反應的胺基酸反應性部分。
該等術語亦涵蓋含有已知核苷酸類似物或經修飾主鏈殘基或鍵聯的核酸,其為合成的、天然存在的及非天然存在的,具有與參考核酸類似的結合特性且以與參考核苷酸類似之方式代謝。該等類似物之實例包含但不限於磷酸二酯衍生物,包含例如胺基磷酸酯、二胺基磷酸酯、硫代磷酸酯(又稱為硫代磷酸酯,具有雙鍵鍵結之硫置換磷酸酯中之氧)、二硫代磷酸酯、膦醯基羧酸、膦醯基羧酸酯、膦醯基乙酸、膦醯基甲酸、膦酸甲酯、硼膦酸酯或O-甲基胺基磷酸酯鍵聯(參見Eckstein, 《寡核苷酸及類似物:實用方法(OLIGONUCLEOTIDES AND ANALOGUES:A PRACTICAL APPROACH)》, Oxford University Press)以及核苷酸鹼基之修飾,諸如在5-甲基胞苷或假尿苷中;以及肽核酸主鏈及鍵聯。其他類似物核酸包含具有帶正電主鏈、非離子型主鏈、經修飾糖及非核糖主鏈之核酸(例如此項技術中已知之二胺基磷酸酯
啉代寡核苷酸或鎖核酸(LNA)),包含以下中所描述者:美國專利第5,235,033號及第5,034,506號;以及ASC研討會系列580(ASC Symposium Series 580), 第6章及第7章, 《反義研究中之碳水化合物修飾(CARBOHYDRATE MODIFICATIONS IN ANTISENSE RESEARCH)》, Sanghui及Cook編。含有一或多個碳環糖之核酸亦包含在核酸之定義內。出於多種原因,可對核糖-磷酸酯主鏈進行修飾以例如增加此類分子在生理環境中或作為生物晶片上之探針的穩定性及半衰期。可製備天然存在之核酸及類似物的混合物;或者,可製備不同核酸類似物之混合物,以及天然存在之核酸及類似物的混合物。在實施例中,DNA中之核苷酸間鍵聯為磷酸二酯、磷酸二酯衍生物或二者之組合。
核酸可包含非特異性序列。如本文所使用,術語「非特異性序列」係指含有未設計成與任何其他核酸序列互補或僅與任何其他核酸序列部分互補之一系列殘基的核酸序列。舉例而言,非特異性核酸序列係當與細胞或生物體接觸時不充當抑制性核酸的核酸殘基序列。在實施例中,非特異性核酸序列不編碼生物功能。在實施例中,非特異性核酸序列係雜亂的核酸序列。如本文所提供,「雜亂的核酸序列(scrambled nucleic acid sequence)」係包含在活體外彼此隨機連接之核苷酸的重組核酸序列。雜亂的核酸序列在此項技術中常用作相對於測試核酸序列之活性(生物功能)的對照或參考序列。
聚核苷酸通常由具有四個核苷酸鹼基之特定序列構成:腺嘌呤(A);胞嘧啶(C);鳥嘌呤(G);及胸腺嘧啶(T)(當聚核苷酸係RNA時尿嘧啶(U)替代胸腺嘧啶(T))。因此,術語「聚核苷酸序列」係聚核苷酸分子之字母表示;或者,該術語可適用於聚核苷酸分子本身。可將此字母表示輸入具有中央處理單元之電腦中之資料庫中且用於生物資訊學應用,諸如功能性基因體學及同源性搜索。聚核苷酸可視情況包含一或多個非標準核苷酸、核苷酸類似物及/或經修飾之核苷酸。
如本文所使用,術語「補體」係指能夠與互補核苷酸或核苷酸序列鹼基配對的核苷酸(例如RNA或DNA)或核苷酸序列。如本文所描述及此項技術中通常已知的,腺苷之互補(相配)核苷酸係胸苷且鳥苷之互補(相配)核苷酸係胞嘧啶。因此,補體可包含與第二核酸序列之相應互補核苷酸鹼基配對的核苷酸序列。補體之核苷酸可部分地或完全地匹配第二核酸序列之核苷酸。在補體之核苷酸完全地匹配第二核酸序列之各核苷酸時,該補體與第二核酸序列之各核苷酸形成鹼基配對。在補體之核苷酸部分地匹配第二核酸序列之核苷酸時,該補體僅部分核苷酸與第二核酸序列之核苷酸形成鹼基對。互補序列之實例包含編碼及非編碼序列,其中該非編碼序列含有與編碼序列互補之核苷酸且因此形成該編碼序列之補體。互補序列之另一實例係有義序列及反義序列,其中該有義序列含有與反義序列互補之核苷酸且因此形成反義序列的補體。
如本文所描述,序列之互補性可為部分的,其中該等核酸僅部分根據鹼基配對匹配,或全部匹配,其中所有核酸均根據鹼基配對匹配。因此,彼此互補之兩個序列可具有指定百分比的相同核苷酸(亦即,在指定區域內具有約60%一致性、較佳地65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或更高百分比一致性)。
術語「胺基酸」係指天然存在及合成的胺基酸,以及以類似於天然存在之胺基酸的方式起作用之胺基酸類似物及胺基酸模擬物。天然存在之胺基酸係由遺傳密碼編碼之胺基酸,以及隨後經修飾之胺基酸,例如羥基脯胺酸、γ-羧基麩胺酸及O-磷酸絲胺酸。胺基酸類似物係指具有與天然存在之胺基酸相同的基本化學結構(亦即,與氫、羧基、胺基及R基團結合之α碳)的化合物,例如高絲胺酸、正白胺酸、甲硫胺酸亞碸、甲硫胺酸甲基鋶。此等類似物具有經修飾之R基團(例如正白胺酸)或經修飾之肽主鏈,但保留與天然存在之胺基酸相同之基本化學結構。胺基酸模擬物係指具有與胺基酸之一般化學結構不同之結構,但以與天然存在之胺基酸類似之方式起作用的化合物。術語「非天然存在之胺基酸」及「非天然胺基酸」係指在自然界中未發現的胺基酸類似物、合成胺基酸及胺基酸模擬物。
胺基酸在本文中可由其通常已知之三字母符號或由IUPAC-IUB生物化學命名委員會(Biochemical Nomenclature Commission)所建議之單字母符號來提及。同樣,核苷酸可由其通常公認之單字母代碼來提及。
術語「多肽」、「肽」及「蛋白質」在本文中可互換地使用,意思指胺基酸殘基之聚合物,其中該聚合物可在實施例中與並非由胺基酸組成之部分結合。該等術語適用於胺基酸聚合物,其中一或多個胺基酸殘基係相應天然存在之胺基酸的人工化學模擬物,以及適用於天然存在之胺基酸聚合物及非天然存在之胺基酸聚合物。「融合蛋白」係指編碼兩個或更多個獨立蛋白序列之嵌合蛋白,該兩個或更多個獨立蛋白序列以重組方式表現為單一部分。
胺基酸或核苷酸鹼基「位置」係由參考序列中依序標識之各胺基酸(核苷酸鹼基)的編號表示,該編號係基於其相對於N末端(或5'端)之位置。由於當測定最佳比對時必須考慮缺失、插入、截短、融合及類似情形,一般而言,藉由自N末端起簡單地計數而確定的測試序列之胺基酸殘基編號未必與參考序列中其對應位置之編號相同。舉例而言,在變異體相對於比對之參考序列具有缺失的情況下,該變異體中將沒有與參考序列中缺失位點處之位置相對應的胺基酸。在經比對之參考序列中存在插入的情況下,該插入將不對應於參考序列中編號之胺基酸位置。在截短或融合之情況下,參考或比對序列中可存在不對應於相應序列中之任何胺基酸的胺基酸鏈段。
當在給定胺基酸或聚核苷酸序列編號之情形中使用時,術語「相對於……編號」或「對應於」係指當將該給定胺基酸或聚核苷酸序列與參考序列相比較時指定參考序列之殘基編號。蛋白質中之胺基酸殘基當佔據該蛋白質內與給定殘基相同的必要結構位置時,該胺基酸殘基「對應」於該給定殘基。熟習此項技術者將立即識別具有不同編號系統之其他蛋白質中對應於蛋白質(例如RYK)中之特定位置的殘基之身分及位置。舉例而言,藉由與蛋白質(例如RYK)執行簡單的序列比對,將在與該蛋白質比對之其他蛋白質序列中鑑別出對應於該蛋白質特定位置之殘基的身分及位置。舉例而言,當所選蛋白質中之所選殘基佔據與位置138處之麩胺酸相同的必要空間或其他結構關係時,該所選殘基對應於位置138處之麩胺酸。在一些實施例中,在所選蛋白質與蛋白質對準以獲得最大同源性時,對準之所選蛋白質中與麩胺酸138對準之位置係對應於麩胺酸138。作為一級序列比對之替代,亦可使用三維結構比對,例如其中所選蛋白質之結構與在位置138處之麩胺酸對準以獲得最大對應性,且比較總體結構。在此情況下,佔據與結構模型中之麩胺酸138相同之必要位置的胺基酸係對應於麩胺酸138殘基。
術語「經保守修飾之變異體」適用於胺基酸與核酸序列兩者。關於特定核酸序列,「經保守修飾之變異體」係指編碼一致或基本上一致之胺基酸序列的核酸。由於遺傳密碼之簡併性,許多核酸序列將編碼任何給定蛋白質。舉例而言,密碼子GCA、GCC、GCG及GCU皆編碼胺基酸丙胺酸。因此,在丙胺酸藉由密碼子說明之每一位置處,該密碼子可在不改變所編碼之多肽的情況下改變成所描述之相應密碼子中的任一者。此類核酸變異係「緘默變異」,其為一種經保守修飾之變異。本文中編碼多肽之每一核酸序列亦描述該核酸之每一可能的緘默變異。熟習此項技術者應認識到,核酸中之各密碼子(除通常為甲硫胺酸之唯一密碼子的AUG及通常為色胺酸之唯一密碼子的TGG外)可經修飾以產生功能一致之分子。因此,編碼多肽之核酸的各緘默變異均隱含於各所述序列中。
關於胺基酸序列,熟習此項技術者應認識到,改變、添加或缺失編碼序列中之單一胺基酸或較小百分比胺基酸的核酸、肽、多肽或蛋白質序列之個別取代、缺失或添加係「經保守修飾之變異體」,其中該變化引起胺基酸被化學上類似的胺基酸取代。提供功能類似之胺基酸的保守取代表係此項技術中熟知的。此等經保守修飾之變異體另外為且不排除本揭示案之多形性變異體、種間同源物及對偶基因。
以下八個群組各含有互為保守取代的胺基酸:
1) 丙胺酸(A)、甘胺酸(G);
2) 天冬胺酸(D)、麩胺酸(E);
3) 天冬醯胺(N)、麩醯胺酸(Q);
4) 精胺酸(R)、離胺酸(K);
5) 異白胺酸(I)、白胺酸(L)、甲硫胺酸(M)、纈胺酸(V);
6) 苯丙胺酸(F)、酪胺酸(Y)、色胺酸(W);
7) 絲胺酸(S)、蘇胺酸(T);及
8) 半胱胺酸(C)、甲硫胺酸(M)
(參見例如Creighton, 《蛋白質(
Proteins)》(1984))。
在兩個或更多個核酸或多肽序列之情形中,術語「一致」或「一致性」百分比係指當使用BLAST或BLAST 2.0序列比較演算法,利用以下描述之預設參數量測時,或藉由人工比對及目視檢查量測時(參見例如NCBI網站http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/或類似網站),兩個或更多個序列或子序列相同或具有指定百分比之胺基酸殘基或核苷酸相同(亦即,當在比較窗或指定區內比較並對準以獲得最大對應性時在指定區內具有約60%一致性,較佳地65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或更高百分比一致性)。此類序列則被認為「實質上一致」。此定義亦指或可適用於測試序列之補體。該定義亦包含具有缺失及/或添加之序列以及具有取代之序列。如下所述,較佳之演算法可考慮空位及類似情形。較佳地,一致性存在於至少約25個胺基酸或核苷酸長度之區域內,或更佳存在於至少50-100個胺基酸或核苷酸長度之區域內。
「序列一致性百分比」係藉由在比較窗內比較兩個最佳對準之序列來測定,其中對於最佳對準之兩個序列,聚核苷酸或多肽序列在比較窗中之部分相較於參考序列(其不包括添加或缺失)可包括添加或缺失(亦即,空位)。序列一致性百分比係藉由以下方式計算:測定兩個序列中存在之一致核酸鹼基或胺基酸殘基的位置數得到匹配位置數,用匹配位置數除以比較窗中之總位置數並將結果乘以100得到序列一致性百分比。
對於序列比較,通常一個序列充當參考序列,以與測試序列相比較。當使用序列比較演算法時,將測試序列及參考序列輸入至電腦中,必要時指定子序列座標,且指定序列演算法程式參數。可使用預設程式參數,或可指定替代參數。接著,序列比較演算法基於程式參數來計算測試序列相對於參考序列之序列一致性百分比。
如本文所使用,「比較窗」包含提及選自由以下組成之群的具有連續位置數目中之任一者的鏈段:例如全長序列或20至600個、約50至約200個或約100至約150個胺基酸或核苷酸,其中序列與具有相同連續位置數目之參考序列在最佳地對準之後,該兩個序列可進行比較。供比較之序列的比對方法係此項技術中熟知的。供比較之序列之最佳對準可例如藉由以下進行:Smith及Waterman(1970),《應用數學進展(
Adv. Appl.Math.)》2:482c之局部同源性演算法;Needleman及Wunsch(1970)《分子生物學雜誌(
J. Mol. Biol.)》48:443之同源性比對演算法;Pearson及Lipman(1988)《(美國國家科學院院刊(
Proc.Nat'l.Acad.Sci.USA)》85:2444之相似性搜索法;此等演算法之電腦化實施(Wisconsin Genetics套裝軟體中之GAP、BESTFIT、FASTA及TFASTA;威斯康星州麥迪遜(Madison, WI)575科學道(Science Dr.)之Genetics Computer Group);或人工比對及目視檢查(參見例如Ausubel等人, 《現代分子生物學實驗技術(
Current Protocols in Molecular Biology)》(1995補編))。
適於測定序列一致性及序列相似性百分比之演算法的實例係BLAST及BLAST 2.0演算法,其分別描述於Altschul等人(1977)《核酸研究(
Nuc.Acids Res.)》25:3389-3402,及Altschul等人(1990)《分子生物學雜誌》215:403-410中。用於執行BLAST分析之軟體可經由國家生物技術資訊中心(National Center for Biotechnology Information)公開獲得(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)。此演算法包括首先藉由鑑別查詢序列中具有長度W之短字來鑑別高評分序列對(high scoring sequence pairs,HSP),該等短字當與資料庫序列中相同長度之字比對時匹配或滿足一些正值臨限分數T。T稱為鄰域字分數臨限值(Altschul等人,同上)。此等初始鄰域字匹配(hit)充當用於起始搜索之種子以尋找含有其之較長HSP。字匹配沿各序列在兩個方向上延伸,只要累積比對分數可增加即可。對於核苷酸序列,累積分數係使用參數M(一對匹配殘基之獎勵分數;始終>0)及N(錯配殘基之罰分;始終<0)計算。對於胺基酸序列,使用計分矩陣計算累積分數。當出現以下情況時,字匹配在各方向上之延伸中斷:累積比對分數自其達成之最大值降低量X;累積分數由於一或多個負評分殘基比對之累積而變成零或以下;或達到任一序列之末端。BLAST演算法參數W、T及X決定比對之靈敏度及速度。BLASTN程式(對於核苷酸序列)使用如下預設值:字長(W)為11,期望值(E)為10,M=5,N=-4及兩股之比較。對於胺基酸序列,BLASTN程式使用字長3及期望值(E)10作為預設值,且BLOSUM62計分矩陣(參見Henikoff及Henikoff(1989) 《美國國家科學院院刊》89: 10915)使用如下參數作為預設值:比對(B)50,期望值(E)10,M=5,N=-4及兩股比較。
BLAST演算法亦對兩個序列之間的相似性執行統計分析(參見例如Karlin及Altschul (1993) 《美國國家科學院院刊》90:5873-5787)。由BLAST演算法提供的一種相似性量測法係最小和機率(P(N)),其指示兩個核苷酸或胺基酸序列之間出現偶然匹配的概率。舉例而言,若測試核酸與參考核酸比較時的最小和機率小於約0.2,更佳地小於約0.01,且最佳小於約0.001,則認為該核酸與參考序列相似。
兩個核酸序列或多肽實質上一致之一個指示為由第一核酸編碼之多肽與針對由第二核酸編碼之多肽而產生的抗體具有免疫交叉反應性,如下文所描述。因此,多肽通常與第二多肽實質上一致,例如,該兩個肽僅因保守取代而不同。兩個核酸序列實質上一致之另一指示為該兩個分子在嚴格條件下彼此雜交,如下文所描述。兩個核酸序列實質上一致之又一指示為,可使用相同引子擴增序列。
如本文所提及,「RYK」包含重組或天然存在之受體相關酪胺酸激酶(RYK)蛋白質或其維持RYK活性之變異體或同源物(例如相較於RYK在至少50%、80%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%活性範圍內)中之任一者。在一些態樣中,該變異體或同源物在全序列或該序列之一部分(例如50、100、150或200個連續胺基酸部分)內相較於天然存在之RYK蛋白質具有至少90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%胺基酸序列一致性。在實施例中,RYK蛋白質與藉由UniProt參考號P34925標識之蛋白質或與其具有相當大一致性之變異體或同源物實質上一致。
抗體係具有錯綜複雜之內部結構的較大複雜分子(其分子量為約150,000或約1320個胺基酸)。天然抗體分子含有兩對相同的多肽鏈,各對具有一條輕鏈及一條重鏈。各輕鏈及重鏈又由兩個區組成:涉及結合目標抗原之可變(「V」)區,及與免疫系統之其他組分相互作用的恆定(「C」)區。輕鏈可變區及重鏈可變區(在本文中又分別稱為輕鏈可變(VL)域及重鏈可變(VH)域)一起在3維空間中形成結合抗原(例如在細胞表面上之受體)的可變區。在各輕鏈或重鏈可變區內存在三個短區段(平均10個胺基酸長),稱為互補決定區(「CDR」)。抗體可變域中之六個CDR(三個來自輕鏈且三個來自重鏈)在3維空間中摺疊在一起,形成對接至目標抗原上的實際抗體結合位點。CDR之位置及長度係根據Kabat,E.等人,《免疫學感興趣的蛋白質之序列(Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest)》, U.S.Department of Health and Human Services, 1983, 1987精確定義。CDR中未包含的可變區之部分稱為構架(「FR」),其形成CDR之環境。
如本文所提供,「抗體變異體」係指能夠結合至抗原且包含抗體或其片段之一或多個結構域(例如輕鏈可變域、重鏈可變域)的多肽。抗體變異體之非限制性實例包含單域抗體或奈米抗體、單特異性Fab
2、雙特異性Fab
2、三特異性Fab
3、單價IgG、scFv、雙特異性抗體、雙特異性雙功能抗體、三特異性三功能抗體、scFv-Fc、微型抗體、IgNAR、V-NAR、hcIgG、VhH或肽體。如本文所提供,「肽體」係指連接(經由共價或非共價連接子)至抗體之Fc域的肽部分。此項技術中已知之抗體變異體的其他非限制性實例包含由軟骨魚或駱駝產生之抗體。有關來自駱駝之抗體及其可變區以及其製造、分離及使用方法的一般描述可見於參考文獻WO97/49805及WO 97/49805,其以全文引用的方式併入本文中且用於所有目的。同樣,來自軟骨魚之抗體及其可變區以及其製造、分離及使用方法可見於WO2005/118629中,該案以全文引用的方式併入本文中且用於所有目的。
如本文所提供,術語「CDR L1」、「CDR L2」及「CDR L3」係指抗體可變輕(L)鏈之互補決定區(CDR)1、2及3。在實施例中,本文所提供之可變輕鏈在N末端至C末端方向上包含CDR L1、CDR L2及CDR L3。同樣,如本文所提供,術語「CDR H1」、「CDR H2」及「CDR H3」係指抗體可變重(H)鏈之互補決定區(CDR)1、2及3。在實施例中,本文所提供之可變重鏈在N末端至C末端方向上包含CDR H1、CDR H2及CDR H3。
如本文所提供,術語「FR L1」、「FR L2」、「FR L3」及「FR L4」係根據其在此項技術中之常用含義使用且係指抗體可變輕(L)鏈之構架區(FR)1、2、3及4。在實施例中,本文所提供之可變輕鏈在N末端至C末端方向上包含FR L1、FR L2、FR L3及FR L4。同樣,如本文所提供,術語「FR H1」、「FR H2」、「FR H3」及「FR H4」係根據其在此項技術中之常用含義使用且係指抗體可變重(H)鏈之構架區(FR)1、2、3及4。在實施例中,本文所提供之可變重鏈在N末端至C末端方向上包含FR H1、FR H2、FR H3及FR H4。
例示性免疫球蛋白(抗體)結構單元包括四聚體。各四聚體由兩對相同多肽鏈構成,各對具有一條「輕」鏈(約25 kD)及一條「重」鏈(約50-70 kD)。各鏈之N末端界定主要負責抗原識別的具有約100至110個或更多個胺基酸之可變區。術語可變輕鏈(VL)、可變輕鏈(VL)域或輕鏈可變區及可變重鏈(VH)、可變重鏈(VH)域或重鏈可變區分別係指此等輕鏈及重鏈區。本文中所提及之術語可變輕鏈(VL)、可變輕鏈(VL)域及輕鏈可變區可互換使用。本文中所提及之術語可變重鏈(VH)、可變重鏈(VH)域及重鏈可變區可互換使用。Fc(亦即,片段可結晶區)係免疫球蛋白之「基礎」或「尾部(tail)」且通常由兩條重鏈構成,該兩條重鏈取決於抗體之種類而貢獻兩個或三個恆定域。藉由結合至特定蛋白質,Fc區確保各抗體對給定抗原產生適當的免疫反應。Fc區亦結合至各種細胞受體,諸如Fc受體;及其他免疫分子,諸如補體蛋白質。
術語「抗體」係根據其在此項技術中通常已知之含義使用。抗體例如以完整免疫球蛋白形式存在,或以各種肽酶消化產生的許多經良好表徵之片段形式存在。因此,例如,胃蛋白酶在鉸鏈區中之二硫鍵下方消化抗體而產生F(ab)'
2,即Fab之二聚體,Fab自身為經二硫鍵接合至V
H-C
H1之輕鏈。F(ab)'
2可在溫和條件下還原以使鉸鏈區中之雙硫鍵聯斷裂,由此將F(ab)'
2二聚體轉化成Fab'單體。Fab'單體基本上為具有部分鉸鏈區之Fab(參見《基礎免疫學(Fundamental Immunology)》(Paul編, 第3版1993)。儘管各種抗體片段係根據完整抗體之消化而定義,但熟習此項技術者應瞭解,該等片段可以化學方式或藉由使用重組DNA方法從頭合成。因此,如本文所使用,術語抗體亦包含藉由修飾全抗體產生之抗體片段、或使用重組DNA方法從頭合成者(例如單鏈Fv)或使用噬菌體展示庫鑑別者(參見例如McCafferty等人, 《自然(
Nature)》348: 552-554(1990))。本文中所提及之術語「抗體」進一步包含抗體變異體,諸如單域抗體。因此,在實施例中,抗體包含單一單體可變抗體域。因此,在實施例中,該抗體包含可變輕鏈(VL)域或可變重鏈(VH)域。在實施例中,該抗體係可變輕鏈(VL)域或可變重鏈(VH)域。
對於單株或多株抗體之製備,可使用此項技術中已知之任何技術(參見例如Kohler及Milstein, 《自然》256:495-497(1975);Kozbor等人, 《今日免疫學(Immunology Today)》4:72(1983);Cole等人, 第77-96頁, 《單株抗體及癌症療法(
Monoclonal Antibodies and Cancer Therapy)》(1985))。「單株」抗體(mAb)係指來源於單一殖株之抗體。用於產生單鏈抗體之技術(美國專利第4,946,778號)可適合於產生針對本發明之多肽的抗體。轉殖基因小鼠或諸如其他哺乳動物之類其他生物體亦可用於表現人類化抗體。或者,可使用噬菌體展示技術鑑別特異性結合至所選抗原之抗體及異質Fab片段(參見例如McCafferty等人, 《自然》348:552-554(1990);Marks等人, 《生物技術(
Biotechnology)》10: 779-783(1992))。
單鏈可變片段(scFv)通常為利用具有10至約25個胺基酸之短連接子肽聯接的免疫球蛋白重鏈(VH)及輕鏈(VL)可變區的融合蛋白。連接子為獲得可撓性而通常富含甘胺酸,且為獲得溶解性而富含絲胺酸或蘇胺酸。連接子可將VH之N末端與VL之C末端相聯接,或反之亦然。
mAb之抗原決定基係其抗原中mAb所結合之區域。若兩種抗體各競爭性抑制(阻斷)另一者與抗原之結合,則該兩種抗體結合至相同或重疊的抗原決定基。亦即,當在競爭性結合分析中量測時,1、5、10、20或100倍過量的一種抗體將另一種抗體之結合抑制至少30%,且較佳50%、75%、90%或甚至99%(參見例如Junghans等人, 《癌症研究(Cancer Res.)》50:1495, 1990)。或者,若抗原中減少或消除一種抗體之結合的基本上所有胺基酸突變均減少或消除另一種抗體之結合,則該兩種抗體具有相同抗原決定基。若減少或消除一種抗體之結合的一些胺基酸突變減少或消除另一種抗體之結合,則兩種抗體具有重疊抗原決定基。
對於本發明之適合抗體的製備及對於根據本發明之用途,例如重組抗體、單株抗體或多株抗體,可使用此項技術中已知之許多技術(參見例如Kohler及Milstein, 《自然》256:495-497(1975);Kozbor等人, 《今日免疫學》4:72(1983);Cole等人, 第77-96頁, 《單株抗體及癌症療法》, Alan R.Liss, Inc.(1985);Coligan, 《現代免疫學實驗手冊(Current Protocols in Immunology)》(1991);Harlow及Lane, 《抗體實驗手冊(Antibodies, A Laboratory Manual)》(1988);及Goding, 《單株抗體:原理及實踐(Monoclonal Antibodies: Principles and Practice))》(第2版, 1986))。編碼感興趣抗體之重鏈及輕鏈的基因可自細胞選殖,例如編碼單株抗體之基因可自融合瘤選殖且用於產生重組單株抗體。編碼單株抗體之重鏈及輕鏈的基因庫亦可由融合瘤或漿細胞製得。重鏈及輕鏈基因產物之隨機組合產生具有不同抗原特異性之大抗體池(參見例如Kuby, 《免疫學(Immunology)》 (第3版,1997))。用於製造單鏈抗體或重組抗體之技術(美國專利4,946,778、美國專利第4,816,567號)亦可適合於製造針對本發明之多肽的抗體。另外,轉殖基因小鼠、或其他生物體諸如其他哺乳動物,可用於表現人類化或人類抗體(參見例如美國專利第5,545,807號、第5,545,806號、第5,569,825號、第5,625,126號、第5,633,425號、第5,661,016號;Marks等人, 《生物技術(Bio/Technology)》10:779-783(1992);Lonberg等人, 《自然》368:856-859 (1994);Morrison, 《自然》368:812-13(1994);Fishwild等人, 《自然-生物技術(Nature Biotechnology)》14:845-51(1996);Neuberger, 《自然-生物技術》14:826(1996);以及Lonberg及Huszar, 《國際免疫學評論(Intern.Rev. Immunol.)》13:65-93 (1995))。或者,可使用噬菌體展示技術鑑別特異性結合至所選抗原之抗體及異質Fab片段(參見例如McCafferty等人, 《自然》348:552-554(1990);Marks等人, 《生物技術》10: 779-783(1992))。抗體亦可製成雙特異性的,亦即,能夠識別兩種不同的抗原(參見例如WO 93/08829;Traunecker等人, 《歐洲分子生物學學會雜誌(EMBO J.)》10:3655-3659 (1991);及Suresh等人, 《酶學方法(Methods in Enzymology)》121:210(1986))。抗體亦可為雜結合物,例如兩種共價接合的抗體,或免疫毒素(參見例如美國專利第4,676,980號、WO 91/00360;WO 92/200373;及EP 03089)。
用於使非人類抗體人類化或靈長類化的方法係此項技術中熟知的(例如美國專利第4,816,567號、第5,530,101號、第5,859,205號、第5,585,089號、第5,693,761號、第5,693,762號、第5,777,085號、第6,180,370號、第6,210,671號及第6,329,511號;WO 87/02671;EP專利申請案0173494;Jones等人(1986)《自然》321:522;及Verhoyen等人(1988)《科學(Science)》239:1534)。人類化抗體進一步描述於例如Winter及Milstein(1991)《自然》349:293中。一般而言,人類化抗體具有一或多個自非人類來源引入其中之胺基酸殘基。此等非人類胺基酸殘基通常稱為輸入殘基,其通常自輸入可變域獲取。人類化可基本上遵循Winter及同事(參見例如Morrison等人, 《美國國家科學院院刊(PNAS USA)》, 81:6851-6855(1984);Jones等人, 《自然》321:522-525 (1986);Riechmann等人, 《自然》 332:323-327 (1988);Morrison及Oi, 《免疫學進展(Adv. Immunol.)》, 44:65-92 (1988);Verhoeyen等人, 《科學》 239:1534-1536 (1988);Presta, 《當代結構生物學觀點(Curr.Op.Struct.Biol.)》2:593-596(1992);Padlan, 《分子免疫學(Molec.Immun. )》, 28:489-498 (1991);Padlan, 《分子免疫學》, 31(3):169-217(1994))之方法,藉由將嚙齒動物之一或多個CDR序列取代為人類抗體之相應序列執行。因此,此類人類化抗體為嵌合抗體(美國專利第4,816,567號),其中實質上少於完整人類可變域已經來自非人類物種之相應序列取代。實際上,人類化抗體通常為一些CDR殘基及可能的一些FR殘基經來自嚙齒動物抗體中之類似位點之殘基取代的人類抗體。舉例而言,包括編碼人類化免疫球蛋白構架區之第一序列及編碼所需免疫球蛋白互補決定區之第二序列集合的聚核苷酸可以合成方式或藉由組合適當cDNA及基因體DNA區段來製造。人類恆定區DNA序列可根據熟知程序自多種人類細胞分離。
「嵌合抗體」係這樣一種抗體分子,在該抗體分子中,(a)恆定區或其部分經改變、置換或交換而使得抗原結合位點(可變區)與不同或經改變之類別、效應功能及/或物種,或賦予嵌合抗體新特性之完全不同分子(例如酶、毒素、激素、生長因子、藥物等)之恆定區連接;或(b)可變區或其部分經具有不同或經改變之抗原特異性之可變區改變、置換或交換。根據本發明較佳抗體及其用途包含人類化及/或嵌合單株抗體。
當提及蛋白質或肽時片語「特異性(或選擇性)結合」至抗體或「與……具有特異性(或選擇性)免疫反應性」係指通常在蛋白質及其他生物製劑之異質群中的決定該蛋白質之存在的結合反應。因此,在指定免疫分析條件下,指定抗體結合至特定蛋白質序列,該結合為背景之至少兩倍且更通常為背景之超過10至100倍。在此類條件下特異性結合至抗體需要所選擇的對於特定蛋白質具有特異性的抗體。舉例而言,多株抗體可經選擇以僅獲得與所選抗原且不與其他蛋白質具有特異性免疫反應性的一小群抗體。此選擇可藉由減去與其他分子交叉反應之抗體來達成。可使用多種免疫分析型式選擇與特定蛋白質具有特異性免疫反應性的抗體。舉例而言,常規地使用固相ELISA免疫分析選擇與蛋白質具有特異性免疫反應性的抗體(關於可用於測定特異性免疫反應性的免疫分析型式及條件之描述,參見例如Harlow及Lane, 《使用抗體:實驗室手冊(Using Antibodies, A Laboratory Manual)》 (1998))。
「配體」係指能夠結合至受體或抗體、抗體變異體、抗體區域或其片段的試劑,例如多肽或其他分子。
用於將治療劑與抗體結合之技術係熟知的(參見例如Arnon等人, 「用於癌症療法中藥物免疫靶向的單株抗體(Monoclonal Antibodies For Immunotargeting Of Drugs In Cancer Therapy)」, 《單株抗體及癌症療法》, Reisfeld等人(編), 第243-56頁 (Alan R. Liss, Inc. 1985);Hellstrom等人, 「用於藥物遞送之抗體(Antibodies For Drug Delivery)」,《受控藥物遞送(Controlled Drug Delivery)》 (第2版), Robinson等人(編), 第623-53頁 (Marcel Dekker, Inc. 1987);Thorpe, 「癌症療法中細胞毒性藥物之抗體載劑:綜述(Antibody Carriers Of Cytotoxic Agents In Cancer Therapy: A Review)」, 《單株抗體'84:生物及臨床應用(Monoclonal Antibodies '84: Biological And Clinical Applications)》, Pinchera等人(編),第475-506頁 (1985);及Thorpe等人, 「抗體-毒素結合物之製備及細胞毒性特性(The Preparation And Cytotoxic Properties Of Antibody-Toxin Conjugates)」, 《免疫學評論(Immunol.Rev.)》, 62:119-58 (1982))。如本文所使用,術語「抗體-藥物結合物(antibody-drug conjugate)」或「ADC」係指與抗體結合或以其他方式共價結合之治療劑。
對於本文所描述之特定蛋白質,所述蛋白質包含蛋白質之天然存在形式、維持該蛋白質轉錄因子活性(例如活性相較於原生蛋白質在至少50%、80%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%內)的變異體或同源物中之任一者。在一些實施例中,變異體或同源物在全序列或該序列之一部分(例如50、100、150或200個連續胺基酸部分)內相較於天然存在之形式具有至少90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%胺基酸序列一致性。在其他實施例中,蛋白質係藉由其NCBI序列參考標識之蛋白質。在其他實施例中,蛋白質係藉由其NCBI序列參考標識之蛋白質、其同源物或功能片段。
術語「基因」意謂參與製造蛋白質之DNA區段;其包含編碼區前後的區域(前導序列及尾部序列(trailer))以及個別編碼區段(外顯子)之間的介入序列(內含子)。前導序列、尾部序列以及內含子包含在基因轉錄及轉譯期間必需之調控元件。另外,「蛋白質基因產物」係由特定基因表現之蛋白質。
術語「質體」、「載體」或「表現載體」係指編碼基因及/或基因表現必需之調控元件的核酸分子。由質體表現基因可以順式或反式方式發生。若基因係以順式方式表現,則該基因及該等調控元件係由同一質體編碼。以反式方式表現係指基因及調控元件係由獨立質體編碼的情形。
術語「轉染(transfection)」、「轉導(transduction)」、「轉染(transfecting)」或「轉導(transducing)」可互換使用且定義為將核酸分子或蛋白質引入細胞中的方法。核酸係使用基於非病毒或病毒之方法引入細胞中。核酸分子可為編碼完整蛋白質或其功能部分之基因序列。非病毒轉染方法包含不使用病毒DNA或病毒粒子作為遞送系統以將核酸分子引入細胞中的任何適當的轉染方法。例示性非病毒轉染方法包含磷酸鈣轉染、脂質體轉染、核轉染、聲穿孔、經由熱休克進行之轉染、磁轉染及電穿孔。在一些實施例中,核酸分子係遵循此項技術中熟知之標準程序,使用電穿孔引入細胞中。對於基於病毒之轉染方法,可將任何有用的病毒載體用於本文所描述之方法中。病毒載體之實例包含但不限於反轉錄病毒、腺病毒、慢病毒及腺相關病毒載體。在一些實施例中,核酸分子係遵循此項技術中熟知之標準程序,使用反轉錄病毒載體引入細胞中。術語「轉染」或「轉導」亦指自外部環境將蛋白質引入細胞中。通常,蛋白質之轉導或轉染依賴於將能夠穿過細胞膜之肽或蛋白質連接至感興趣蛋白質。參見例如Ford等人(2001)《基因療法(Gene Therapy)》8:1-4及Prochiantz(2007)《自然-方法(Nat. Methods)》4:119-20。
「標記」或「可偵測部分」係可藉由光譜、光化學、生物化學、免疫化學、化學或其他物理手段偵測之組成物。舉例而言,有用的標記包含32P、螢光染料、電子緻密試劑、酶(例如ELISA中常用的)、生物素、地高辛(digoxigenin)或半抗原及可例如藉由將放射性標記併入與目標肽具有特異性反應性之肽或抗體中來使其可偵測的蛋白質或其他實體。此項技術中已知用於將抗體與標記結合之任何適當方法均可採用,例如使用Hermanson, 《生物結合物技術(Bioconjugate Techniques)》1996, Academic Press, Inc., 聖地亞哥(San Diego)中所描述之方法。
當標記或可偵測部分係放射性金屬或順磁離子時,試劑可與具有長尾之另一種帶長鏈尾之試劑反應,其中一或多個螯合基團連接至該長尾以結合至此等離子。該長尾可為聚合物,諸如聚離胺酸;多醣;或具有側基之其他衍生化鏈或可衍生鏈,可添加金屬或離子以結合至該等側基。可根據本揭示案使用之螯合基團的實例包含但不限於乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、二伸乙三胺五乙酸(diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid,DTPA)DOTA、NOTA、NETA、TETA、卟啉、聚胺、冠醚、雙硫代縮胺脲、聚肟及類似基團。螯合劑通常藉由基團連接至PSMA抗體或功能性抗體片段,該基團能夠與分子形成鍵,且具有最少免疫反應性損失及最少聚集及/或內部交聯。當與本文所描述之抗體及載劑一起使用時,該等螯合劑在與非放射性金屬,諸如錳、鐵及釓錯合時可用於MRI。巨環螯合劑,諸如NOTA、DOTA及TETA可分別與多種金屬及放射性金屬一起使用,包含但不限於鎵、釔及銅之放射性核種。其他適合於穩定結合核素(諸如用於RAIT之
223Ra)之環型螯合劑,諸如巨環聚醚亦可使用。在某些實施例中,螯合部分可用於將諸如Al-
18F錯合物之類PET顯影劑連接至靶向分子以用於PET分析。
「接觸」係根據其簡單的普通含義使用且係指使至少兩種不同物種(例如抗體及抗原)變得足夠接近以發生反應、相互作用或物理觸碰的方法。然而,應瞭解,所得反應產物可以直接由所添加試劑之間的反應產生,或由來自一或多種所添加試劑的可以在反應混合物中產生的中間物產生。
術語「接觸(contacting)」可包含使兩各物種發生反應、相互作用或物理觸碰,其中該兩個物種可為例如本文所提供之醫藥組成物及細胞。在實施例中,接觸包含例如使如本文所描述之醫藥組成物與細胞相互作用。
如本文所使用,「細胞」係指進行代謝或其他足以保持或複製其基因體DNA之功能的細胞。細胞可藉由此項技術中熟知之方法鑑別,該等方法包含例如完整膜之存在、藉由特定染料染色、產生子代之能力、或在配子的情況下,與第二配子組合以產生活後代的能力。細胞可包含原核細胞及真核細胞。原核細胞包含但不限於細菌。真核細胞包含但不限於酵母細胞以及來源於植物及動物之細胞,例如哺乳動物、昆蟲(例如夜蛾)及人類細胞。
術語「重組」當結合例如細胞、核酸、蛋白質或載體使用時,指示該細胞、核酸、蛋白質或載體已藉由引入異源核酸或蛋白質或者改變原生核酸或蛋白質進行修飾,或指示該細胞來源於經如此修飾的細胞。因此,例如,重組細胞表現未見於細胞之原生(非重組)形式內的基因或表現以其他方式異常表現、表現不足或完全不表現之原生基因。轉殖基因細胞及植物係通常根據重組方法表現異源基因或編碼序列者。
術語「分離」在用於核酸或蛋白質時表示核酸或蛋白質基本上不含在天然狀態下其所結合之其他細胞組分。其可例如呈均質狀態且可呈乾燥或水溶液形式。純度及均質性通常使用諸如聚丙烯醯胺凝膠電泳或高效液相層析之類分析化學技術測定。作為主要物種存在於製劑中的蛋白質係實質上純化的。
當關於核酸之部分使用時,術語「異源」指示核酸包括兩個或更多個在自然界中未發現彼此呈相同關係的子序列。舉例而言,核酸通常以重組方式製造,具有兩個或更多個來自不相關基因之序列,該等序列佈置成產生新的功能性核酸,例如來自一種來源之啟動子及來自另一來源之編碼區。類似地,異源蛋白質指示蛋白質包括兩個或更多個在自然界中未發現彼此呈相同關係之子序列(例如融合蛋白)。
術語「外源」係指起源於給定細胞或生物體外部之分子或物質(例如化合物、核酸或蛋白質)。舉例而言,本文中所提及之「外源啟動子」係並非起源於表現其之細胞或生物體的啟動子。相反,術語「內源性」或「內源啟動子」係指給定細胞或生物體內原生或者起源於給定細胞或生物體內的分子或物質。
如本文所定義,關於細胞增殖(例如癌細胞增殖)之術語「抑制(inhibition)」、「抑制(inhibit)」、「抑制(inhibiting)」及類似術語意謂負面地影響(例如減少增殖)或殺滅細胞。在一些實施例中,抑制係指減少疾病或疾病之症狀(例如癌症、癌細胞增殖)。因此,抑制包含至少部分地、部分地或完全地阻斷刺激、減少、預防或延遲活化,或不活化、去敏或下調信號轉導或酶活性或蛋白質之量。類似地,「抑制劑」係藉由例如結合、部分或完全阻斷、減少、預防、延遲、不活化、去敏或下調活性(例如受體活性或蛋白質活性)來抑制受體或另一蛋白質的化合物或蛋白質。
如本文所定義,關於蛋白質-抑制劑相互作用之術語「抑制(inhibition)」、「抑制(inhibit)」、「抑制(inhibiting)」及類似術語意謂相對於在無抑制劑之存在下蛋白質的活性或功能,負面地影響(例如減小)蛋白質之活性或功能。
因此,術語「抑制劑」、「阻遏物」或「拮抗劑」或「下調劑」可互換地指能夠可偵測地減少給定基因或蛋白質之表現或活性的物質。相較於在無拮抗劑存在下之對照,拮抗劑可將蛋白質表現或活性減少10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%或更高百分比。在某些情況下,蛋白質表現或活性為在無該拮抗劑存在下之表現或活性的1.5倍、2倍、3倍、4倍、5倍、10倍或更低。
術語「表現」包含參與多肽製造之任何步驟,包含但不限於轉錄、轉錄後修飾、轉譯、轉譯後修飾及分泌。表現可使用偵測蛋白質之習知技術(例如ELISA、西方印漬法、流式細胞分析技術、免疫螢光、免疫組織化學等)偵測。
「生物樣本」或「樣本」係指獲自或來源於受試者或患者之材料。生物樣本包含組織切片,諸如生物檢體及屍體剖檢樣本,以及獲取用於組織學目的之冷凍切片。此類樣本包含體液,諸如血液及血液部分或製品(例如血清、血漿、血小板、紅血球及類似物)、痰液、組織、培養細胞(例如初級培養物、外植體及經轉化之細胞)、大便、尿液、滑液、關節組織、滑膜組織、滑膜細胞、纖維母細胞樣滑膜細胞、巨噬細胞樣滑膜細胞、免疫細胞、造血細胞、纖維母細胞、巨噬細胞、T細胞等。生物樣本通常獲自真核生物體,諸如哺乳動物,諸如靈長類動物,例如黑猩猩或人類;牛;犬;貓;嚙齒動物,例如豚鼠、大鼠、小鼠;兔;或鳥類;爬行動物;或魚類。
「對照」或「標準對照」係指與測試樣本、量測值或值比較的用作參考,通常用作已知參考之樣本、量測值或值。舉例而言,測試樣本可自疑似患有給定疾病(例如癌症)之患者獲取且與已知正常(未患病)之個體(例如標準對照受試者)相比較。標準對照亦可表示自未患有給定疾病的類似個體(例如標準對照受試者)之群體(亦即,標準對照群體),例如具有類似醫學背景、相同年齡、體重等的健康個體收集之平均量測值或值。標準對照值亦可獲自相同個體,例如獲自在疾病發作之前預先自患者獲得的樣本。舉例而言,對照可經設計以基於藥理學資料(例如半衰期)或治療措施比較治療益處(例如比較副作用)。對照亦可用於確定資料之顯著性。舉例而言,若給定參數之值在對照中具有較大變化,則測試樣本之變化將不被視為顯著的。技術人員應認識到,標準對照可設計用於評定多種參數(例如RNA含量、蛋白質含量、特定細胞類型、特定體液、特定組織等)。
熟習此項技術者應理解,哪些標準對照在給定情況下最適當且能夠基於與標準對照值比較來分析資料。標準對照亦可用於確定資料之顯著性(例如統計顯著性)。舉例而言,若給定參數之值在標準對照中具有較大變化,則測試樣本之變化將不被視為顯著的。
「患者」或「有需要之受試者」係指罹患或易患可藉由投予如本文所提供之組成物或醫藥組成物治療之疾病或病況的活生物體。非限制性實例包含人類、其他哺乳動物、牛科動物、大鼠、小鼠、犬、猴、山羊、綿羊、牛、鹿及其他非哺乳類動物。在一些實施例中,患者為人類。
術語「疾病」或「病況」係指能夠用本文所提供之化合物或方法治療的患者或受試者之狀態或健康狀況。該疾病可為癌症。癌症可以指實體腫瘤惡性疾病。實體腫瘤惡性疾病包含可能不含流體或囊腫之惡性腫瘤。舉例而言,實體腫瘤惡性疾病可包含乳癌、卵巢癌、胰臟癌、子宮頸癌、胃癌、腎癌、頭頸癌、骨癌、皮膚癌或前列腺癌。在一些其他實例中,「癌症」係指人類癌症及癌瘤、肉瘤、腺癌、淋巴瘤、白血病,包含實體癌及淋巴癌;腎癌、乳癌、肺癌、膀胱癌、結腸癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、胰臟癌、胃癌、腦癌、頭頸癌、皮膚癌、子宮癌、睪丸癌、神經膠質瘤、食道癌及肝癌(liver cancer),包含肝癌瘤(hepatocarcinoma);淋巴瘤,包含B急性淋巴母細胞性淋巴瘤、非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin's lymphomas)(例如伯基特氏(Burkitt's)淋巴瘤、小細胞淋巴瘤及大細胞淋巴瘤)、霍奇金氏淋巴瘤、白血病(包含急性骨髓性白血病(AML)、ALL及CML),或多發性骨髓瘤。
如本文所使用,術語「癌症」係指見於哺乳動物中的所有類型之癌症、贅瘤或惡性腫瘤,包含白血病、淋巴瘤、黑素瘤、神經內分泌腫瘤、癌瘤及肉瘤。可用本文所提供之化合物、醫藥組成物或方法治療的例示性癌症包含淋巴瘤(例如套細胞淋巴瘤、濾泡性淋巴瘤、彌漫性大B細胞淋巴瘤、邊緣區淋巴瘤、伯基特氏淋巴瘤)、肉瘤、膀胱癌、骨癌、腦瘤、子宮頸癌、結腸癌、食道癌、胃癌、頭頸癌、腎癌、骨髓瘤、甲狀腺癌、白血病、前列腺癌、乳癌(例如三陰性乳癌、ER陽性乳癌、ER陰性乳癌、抗化學療法乳癌、抗赫賽汀(Herceptin resistant)乳癌、HER2陽性乳癌、抗小紅莓(doxorubicin resistant)乳癌、抗他莫昔芬(tamoxifen resistant)乳癌、導管癌、小葉癌、原發性乳癌、轉移性乳癌)、卵巢癌、胰臟癌、肝癌(例如肝細胞癌)、肺癌(例如非小細胞肺癌、鱗狀細胞肺癌、腺癌、大細胞肺癌、小細胞肺癌、類癌、肉瘤)、多形性神經膠母細胞瘤、神經膠質瘤、黑素瘤、前列腺癌、去勢抵抗性前列腺癌(castration-resistant prostate cancer)、乳癌、三陰性乳癌、神經膠母細胞瘤、卵巢癌、肺癌、鱗狀細胞癌(例如頭部鱗狀細胞癌、頸部鱗狀細胞癌或食道鱗狀細胞癌)、結腸直腸癌、白血病(例如淋巴母細胞白血病、慢性淋巴細胞性白血病、毛細胞白血病)、急性骨髓性白血病、淋巴瘤、B細胞淋巴瘤或多發性骨髓瘤。額外實例包含甲狀腺癌、內分泌系統癌症、腦癌、乳癌、子宮頸癌、結腸癌、頭頸癌、食道癌、肝癌、腎癌、肺癌、非小細胞肺癌、黑素瘤、間皮瘤、卵巢癌、肉瘤、胃癌、子宮或神經管母細胞瘤、霍奇金氏病、非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤、多發性骨髓瘤、神經母細胞瘤、神經膠質瘤、多形性神經膠母細胞瘤、卵巢癌、橫紋肌肉瘤、原發性血小板增多、原發性巨球蛋白血症、原發性腦腫瘤、癌症、惡性胰島瘤、惡性類癌、膀胱癌、惡變前皮膚病變、睪丸癌、淋巴瘤、甲狀腺癌、神經母細胞瘤、食道癌、泌尿生殖道癌症、惡性高鈣血症、子宮內膜癌、腎上腺皮質癌、內分泌或外分泌胰臟贅瘤、甲狀腺髓質癌、甲狀腺髓樣癌瘤、黑素瘤、結腸直腸癌、乳頭狀甲狀腺癌、肝細胞癌、乳頭佩吉特氏病(Paget's Disease)、乳房葉狀腫瘤、小葉癌、導管癌、胰臟星形細胞癌、肝臟星形細胞癌或前列腺癌。
術語「白血病」廣義地指造血器官之進行性、惡性疾病,且一般以血液及骨髓中白血球及其前驅物之不正常增殖及發育為特徵。白血病在臨床上一般基於以下分類:(1)疾病之持續時間及特性,即急性或慢性;(2)所累及之細胞類型;骨髓(髓細胞)、淋巴細胞性(淋巴生成)或單核球性;及(3)血液中異常細胞之數目增加或不增加,即白血病或白血球缺乏(亞白血病)。可用本文所提供之化合物或方法治療之例示性白血病包含例如急性骨髓性白血病、急性非淋巴細胞性白血病、慢性淋巴細胞性白血病、急性顆粒球性白血病、慢性顆粒球性白血病、急性前髓細胞性白血病、成人T細胞白血病、白血球缺乏性白血病、白血球性白血病、嗜鹼性球白血病、母細胞白血病、牛白血病、慢性骨髓細胞性白血病、皮膚白血病、胚胎白血病、嗜伊紅血球性白血病、格羅斯氏白血病(Gross'leukemia)、毛細胞白血病、血母細胞性白血病、血胚細胞性白血病、組織細胞性白血病、幹細胞白血病、急性單核球性白血病、白血球減少性白血病、淋巴性白血病、淋巴母細胞性白血病、淋巴球性白血病、淋巴源性白血病、淋巴細胞性白血病、淋巴肉瘤細胞白血病、肥大細胞白血病、巨核細胞白血病、小骨髓母細胞性白血病、單核球性白血病、骨髓母細胞性白血病、骨髓細胞性白血病、骨髓顆粒球性白血病、骨髓單核球性白血病、內格利氏白血病(Naegeli leukemia)、漿細胞白血病、多發性骨髓瘤、漿細胞性白血病、前髓細胞性白血病、里德爾細胞白血病(Rieder cell leukemia)、希林氏白血病(Schilling's leukemia)、幹細胞白血病、亞白血病性白血病或未分化細胞白血病。
術語「肉瘤」一遍係指由如胚胎結締組織之類物質構成且一般由包埋於纖維狀或均勻物質中的緊密堆積之細胞構成的腫瘤。可用本文所提供之化合物或方法治療之肉瘤包含軟骨肉瘤、纖維肉瘤、淋巴肉瘤、黑素肉瘤、黏液肉瘤、骨肉瘤、艾伯內西氏肉瘤(Abemethy's sarcoma)、脂肪肉瘤(adipose sarcoma)、脂肉瘤(liposarcoma)、肺泡狀軟組織肉瘤、成釉細胞肉瘤、葡萄樣肉瘤、綠色瘤肉瘤、絨膜癌瘤、胚胎肉瘤、威耳姆氏腫瘤肉瘤(Wilms'tumor sarcoma)、子宮內膜肉瘤、基質肉瘤、尤文氏肉瘤(Ewing's sarcoma)、筋膜肉瘤、纖維母細胞肉瘤、巨細胞肉瘤、顆粒球性肉瘤、霍奇金氏肉瘤、特發性多發性色素沉著出血性肉瘤、B細胞之免疫母細胞肉瘤、淋巴瘤、T細胞之免疫母細胞肉瘤、詹恩遜氏肉瘤(Jensen's sarcoma)、卡波西氏肉瘤(Kaposi's sarcoma)、庫普弗細胞肉瘤(Kupffer cell sarcoma)、血管肉瘤、白血病性肉瘤、惡性間質瘤肉瘤、骨膜外肉瘤、網狀細胞肉瘤、勞斯肉瘤(Rous sarcoma)、漿液囊性肉瘤、滑膜肉瘤或毛細管擴張性肉瘤。
術語「黑素瘤」意思指由皮膚及其他器官之黑素細胞系統引起之腫瘤。可用本文所提供之化合物或方法治療之黑素瘤包含例如肢端原位黑素瘤、無黑色素瘤、良性青少年性黑素瘤、克勞德曼氏黑素瘤(Cloudman's melanoma)、S91黑素瘤、哈-帕二氏黑素瘤(Harding-Passey melanoma)、青少年性黑素瘤、惡性雀斑樣痣黑素瘤、惡性黑素瘤、結節性黑素瘤、陰囊黑素瘤或淺表擴散性黑素瘤。
術語「癌瘤」係指往往會浸潤周圍組織且產生轉移的由上皮細胞構成之惡性新生長。可用本文所提供之化合物或方法治療的例示性癌瘤包含例如甲狀腺髓質癌、家族性甲狀腺髓質癌、腺泡癌瘤、腺泡樣上皮癌、腺囊癌瘤、腺樣囊性癌瘤、腺瘤性癌、腎上腺皮質癌瘤、肺泡癌瘤、肺泡細胞癌瘤、基底細胞癌瘤、基底樣細胞癌瘤、基底樣癌瘤、基底鱗狀細胞癌瘤、細支氣管肺泡癌瘤、細支氣管癌瘤、支氣管癌瘤、髓樣癌瘤、膽管細胞癌瘤、絨毛膜癌瘤、膠狀癌瘤、粉刺癌瘤、子宮體癌瘤、篩板狀癌瘤、鎧甲狀癌、皮膚癌瘤、柱狀細胞癌瘤、導管癌瘤、硬癌、胚胎性癌瘤、腦狀癌瘤、表皮樣癌瘤、腺狀上皮癌瘤、外生性癌瘤、潰瘍性癌瘤、纖維癌瘤、凝膠樣癌瘤、膠狀癌瘤、大細胞癌瘤、巨細胞癌瘤、腺癌瘤、顆粒細胞癌瘤、基底細胞癌瘤(hair-matrix carcinoma)、血樣癌瘤、肝細胞癌瘤、何氏細胞癌瘤(Hurthle cell carcinoma)、黏液癌瘤、腎上腺樣癌瘤、幼稚型胚胎性癌瘤、原位癌瘤、表皮內癌瘤、上皮內癌瘤、克隆佩徹氏癌瘤(Krompecher's carcinoma)、庫爾契茨基細胞癌瘤(Kulchitzky-cell carcinoma)、大細胞癌瘤、豆狀癌、脂瘤性癌瘤、淋巴上皮癌瘤、髓樣癌瘤、髓質癌瘤、黑色素癌瘤、軟癌、黏液性癌瘤、黏液癌瘤(carcinoma muciparum)、黏液細胞癌瘤、黏液表皮樣癌瘤、黏膜癌瘤、黏液癌瘤(mucous carcinoma)、黏液瘤樣癌瘤、鼻咽癌瘤、燕麥細胞癌瘤、骨化性癌瘤、骨質癌瘤、乳頭狀癌、門靜脈周癌瘤、未侵襲癌瘤、棘細胞癌瘤、髓樣癌瘤、腎臟之腎細胞癌瘤、儲備細胞癌瘤、肉瘤樣癌瘤、施耐德氏癌瘤(schneiderian carcinoma)、硬癌瘤、陰囊癌瘤、印戒細胞癌瘤、單純癌瘤、小細胞癌瘤、馬鈴薯狀癌瘤、球形細胞癌瘤、梭狀細胞癌瘤、髓狀癌瘤、鱗狀癌瘤、鱗狀細胞癌瘤、繩捆癌瘤(string carcinoma)、毛細管擴張癌瘤(carcinoma telangiectaticum)、毛細管擴張癌瘤(carcinoma telangiectodes)、移行細胞癌瘤、塊狀癌瘤、結節性癌瘤、疣狀癌瘤或絨毛狀癌瘤。
如本文所使用,術語「轉移」、「轉移性」及「轉移癌」可互換使用且係指增殖性疾病或病症(例如癌症)自一個器官或另一個不相鄰器官或身體部分的擴散。癌症在起源部位(例如乳房)處發生,該部位稱為原發性腫瘤,例如原發性乳癌。原發性腫瘤或起源部位中之一些癌細胞獲取滲透及浸潤局部區域中之周圍正常組織的能力及/或滲透淋巴系統或血管系統之障壁,經由該系統循環至身體內之其他部位及組織的能力。由原發性腫瘤之癌細胞形成之第二個臨床上可偵測之腫瘤稱為轉移性或繼發性腫瘤。當癌細胞轉移時,推測轉移性腫瘤及其細胞類似於原始腫瘤之細胞。因此,若肺癌轉移至乳房,則在乳房部位處之繼發性腫瘤由異常肺細胞及非異常乳房細胞組成。乳房中之繼發性腫瘤稱為轉移性肺癌。因此,片語轉移性癌症係指受試者具有或曾具有原發性腫瘤且具有一或多個繼發性腫瘤之疾病。片語非轉移性癌症或患有非轉移性癌症之受試者係指受試者具有原發性腫瘤,但不具有一或多個繼發性腫瘤之疾病。舉例而言,轉移性肺癌係指具有原發性肺腫瘤或具有原發性肺腫瘤之病史且在第二個位置或多個位置(例如在乳房中)具有一或多個繼發性腫瘤之受試者的疾病。
在與疾病(例如蛋白質相關疾病、與RKY活性相關之癌症、RKY相關癌症、RKY相關疾病(例如癌症、發炎性疾病、自體免疫疾病或感染性疾病))相關之物質或物質活性或功能的情形中,術語「相關」或「與……相關」意味著該疾病(例如癌症、發炎性疾病、自體免疫疾病或感染性疾病)係(完全或部分)由該物質或物質活性或功能引起,或疾病之症狀係(完全或部分)由該物質或物質活性或功能引起。如本文所使用,描述為與疾病相關者若為病原體,則可為用於治療該疾病之目標。舉例而言,在增加RKY活性或功能(例如信號傳導路徑活性)引起與Ryk活性或功能相關之癌症或RKY相關疾病(例如癌症、發炎性疾病、自體免疫疾病或感染性疾病)的情況下,該疾病(例如癌症、發炎性疾病、自體免疫疾病或感染性疾病)可用RKY調節劑或RKY抑制劑治療。舉例而言,在增加RKY活性或功能(例如信號傳導路徑活性)引起與RKY活性或功能相關之發炎性疾病或RKY相關發炎性疾病的情況下,該疾病可用RKY調節劑或RKY抑制劑治療。
如本文所使用,術語「信號傳導路徑」係指細胞與視情況存在之細胞外組分(例如蛋白質、核酸、小分子、離子、脂質)之間的一系列相互作用,其將一種組分之變化傳送給一或多種其他組分,該一或多種其他組分又可將變化傳送至額外組分,由此視情況傳播給其他信號傳導路徑組分。
如本文所使用,術語「異常」係指與正常不同。當用於描述酶活性時,異常係指大於或小於正常對照或正常非患病對照樣本之平均值的活性。異常活性可指引起疾病的活性之量,其中使異常活性恢復至正常或非疾病相關之量(例如藉由使用如本文所描述之方法)引起疾病或一或多種疾病症狀減少。
如本文所提及,「治療劑」係可用於治療或預防疾病,諸如癌症(例如白血病)的組成物。在實施例中,治療劑係抗癌劑。「抗癌劑」係根據其簡單的普通含義使用且係指具有抗腫瘤特性或抑制細胞生長或增殖之能力的組成物(例如化合物、藥物、拮抗劑、抑制劑、調節劑)。在實施例中,抗癌劑係化學治療劑。在實施例中,抗癌劑係本文所鑑別的在治療癌症之方法中具有效用的藥劑。在實施例中,抗癌劑係由FDA或除美國(USA)之外的類似國家監管機構審批通過的用於治療癌症之藥劑。
如本文所使用,「抗癌劑」係指經由破壞或抑制癌細胞或組織而用於治療癌症的分子(例如化合物、肽、蛋白質、核酸、0103)。抗癌劑可對某些癌症或某些組織具有選擇性。在實施例中,本文中之抗癌劑可包含表觀遺傳抑制劑且多激酶抑制「抗癌劑(Anti-cancer agent)」及「抗癌劑(anticancer agent)」係根據其簡單的普通含義使用且係指具有抗腫瘤特性或抑制細胞之生長或增殖之能力的組成物(例如化合物、藥物、拮抗劑、抑制劑、調節劑)。在一些實施例中,抗癌劑係化學治療劑。在一些實施例中,抗癌劑係本文所鑑別的在治療癌症之方法中具有效用的藥劑。在實施例中,抗癌劑係由FDA或除美國之外的類似國家監管機構審批通過的用於治療癌症之藥劑。抗癌劑之實例包含但不限於MEK(例如MEK1、MEK2或MEK1及MEK2)抑制劑(例如XL518、CI-1040、PD035901、司美替尼(selumetinib)/AZD6244、GSK1120212/曲美替尼(trametinib)、GDC-0973、ARRY-162、ARRY-300、AZD8330、PD0325901、U0126、PD98059、TAK-733、PD318088、AS703026、BAY 869766)、烷基化劑(例如環磷醯胺(cyclophosphamide)、異環磷醯胺(ifosfamide)、苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil)、白消安(busulfan)美法蘭(melphalan)、甲基二(氯乙基)胺(mechlorethamine)、烏拉莫司汀(uramustine)、噻替派(thiotepa)、亞硝基脲(nitrosoureas)、氮芥(nitrogen mustards)(例如二氯甲基二乙胺、環磷醯胺、苯丁酸氮芥、美法蘭)、伸乙基亞胺及甲基三聚氰胺(例如六甲基三聚氰胺、噻替派)、磺酸烷基酯(例如白消安(busulfan))、亞硝基脲(例如卡莫司汀(carmustine)、洛莫司汀(lomusitne)、司莫司汀(semustine)、鏈脲菌素(streptozocin))、三氮烯(達卡巴嗪(decarbazine)))、抗代謝物(例如5-硫唑嘌呤、甲醯四氫葉酸、卡培他濱(capecitabine)、氟達拉濱(fludarabine)、吉西他濱(gemcitabine)、培美曲塞(pemetrexed)、雷替曲塞(raltitrexed)、葉酸類似物(例如甲胺喋呤(methotrexate))或嘧啶類似物(例如氟尿嘧啶(fluorouracil)、氟尿苷(floxouridine)、阿糖胞苷(Cytarabine))、嘌呤類似物(例如巰基嘌呤(mercaptopurine)、硫鳥嘌呤(thioguanine)、噴司他丁(pentostatin))等)、植物鹼(例如長春新鹼(vincristine)、長春鹼(vinblastine)、長春瑞賓(vinorelbine)、長春地辛(vindesine)、鬼臼毒素(podophyllotoxin)、紫杉醇(paclitaxel)、多西他賽(docetaxel)等)、拓樸異構酶抑制劑(例如伊立替康(irinotecan)、拓樸替康(topotecan)、安吖啶(amsacrine)、依託泊苷(etoposide)(VP16)、磷酸依託泊苷(etoposide phosphate)、替尼泊苷(teniposide)等)、抗腫瘤抗生素(例如小紅莓、阿德力黴素(adriamycin)、道諾黴素(daunorubicin)、表柔比星(epirubicin)、放線菌素(actinomycin)、博萊黴素(bleomycin)、絲裂黴素(mitomycin)、米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone)、普卡黴素(plicamycin)等)、鉑基化合物(例如順鉑(cisplatin)、奧沙利鉑(oxaloplatin)、卡鉑(carboplatin))、蒽二酮(anthracenedione)(例如米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone))、經取代之尿素(例如羥基脲)、甲基肼衍生物(例如丙卡巴肼(procarbazine)、腎上腺皮質抑制劑(例如米托坦(mitotane)、胺麩精(aminoglutethimide))、表鬼臼毒素(epipodophyllotoxins)(例如依託泊苷(etoposide))、抗生素(例如道諾黴素、小紅莓、博萊黴素)、酶(例如L-天冬醯胺酶)、促分裂原活化蛋白激酶信號傳導抑制劑(例如U0126、PD98059、PD184352、PD0325901、ARRY-142886、SB239063、SP600125、BAY 43-9006、渥曼青黴素(wortmannin)或LY294002、Syk抑制劑、mTOR抑制劑、抗體(例如美羅華(rituxan))、棉酚(gossyphol)、根納三思(genasense)、多酚E、氯富辛(Chlorofusin)、全反式視黃酸(ATRA)、苔蘚蟲素(bryostatin)、腫瘤壞死因子相關細胞凋亡誘導配體(TRAIL)、5-氮雜-2'-去氧胞苷、全反式視黃酸、小紅莓、長春新鹼、依託泊苷、吉西他濱、伊馬替尼(imatinib)(Gleevec.RTM.)、格爾德黴素(geldanamycin)、17-N-烯丙基胺基-17-去甲氧基格爾德黴素(17-AAG)、夫拉平度(flavopiridol)、LY294002、硼替佐米(bortezomib)、曲妥珠單抗(trastuzumab)、BAY 11-7082、PKC412、PD184352、20-表-1,25二羥基維生素D3;或5-乙炔基尿嘧啶。
抗癌劑之其他實例包含但不限於阿比特龍(abiraterone);阿克拉黴素(aclarubicin);醯基富烯(acylfulvene);腺環戊醇(adecypenol);阿多來新(adozelesin);阿地白介素(aldesleukin);ALL-TK拮抗劑;六甲蜜胺(altretamine);胺莫司汀(ambamustine);艾美多(amidox);阿米福汀(amifostine;胺基乙醯丙酸;胺柔比星(amrubicin);安吖啶;阿那格雷(anagrelide);阿那曲唑(anastrozole);穿心蓮內酯(andrographolide);血管生成抑制劑;拮抗劑D;拮抗劑G;安他瑞克(antarelix);抗背側化形態發生蛋白-1;抗雄激素,前列腺癌瘤;抗雌激素;抗瘤酮(antineoplaston);反義寡核苷酸;阿非迪黴素甘胺酸酯(aphidicolin glycinate);細胞凋亡基因調節劑;細胞凋亡調控因子;脫嘌呤核酸;ara-CDP-DL-PTBA;精胺酸去胺酶;奧沙那寧(asulacrine);阿他美坦(atamestane);阿莫司汀(atrimustine);阿新司坦汀(axinastatin)1;阿新司坦汀2;阿新司坦汀3;阿紮司瓊(azasetron);阿紮托新(azatoxin);重氮酪胺酸;巴卡亭III衍生物(baccatin III derivatives);巴拉諾(balanol);巴馬司他(batimastat);BCR/ABL拮抗劑;苯并二氫卟吩(benzochlorins);苯甲醯基星形孢菌素(benzoylstaurosporine);β內醯胺衍生物;β-阿立辛(alethine);β克拉黴素B(betaclamycin B);樺木酸;bFGF抑制劑;比卡魯胺(bicalutamide);比生群(bisantrene);雙氮丙啶基精胺;雙奈法德(bisnafide);雙特拉汀A(bistratene A);比折來新(bizelesin);比銳來特(breflate);溴匹立明(bropirimine);布朵替坦(budotitane);丁硫胺酸亞碸亞胺(buthionine sulfoximine);鈣泊三醇(calcipotriol);鈣磷酸蛋白C;喜樹鹼(camptothecin)衍生物;金絲雀痘病毒(canarypox)IL-2;卡培他濱(capecitabine);甲醯胺-胺基-三唑;羧醯胺基三唑;CaRest M3;CARN 700;軟骨源性抑制劑;卡折來新(carzelesin);酪蛋白激酶抑制劑(ICOS);栗樹精胺(castanospermine);殺菌肽B(cecropin B);西曲瑞克(cetrorelix);克羅林(chlorins);氯喹喏啉磺醯胺;西卡前列素(cicaprost);順-卟啉;克拉屈濱(cladribine);克羅米芬(clomifene)類似物;克氯黴唑(clotrimazole);克立黴素A(collismycin A);克立黴素B;康普瑞汀(combretastatin)A4;康普瑞汀類似物;科納基尼(conagenin);克拉貝西丁(crambescidin)816;克雷斯托(crisnatol);克瑞托欣(cryptophycin)8;克瑞托欣A衍生物;庫拉辛(curacin)A;環戊蒽醌(cyclopentanthraquinones);環普拉坦(cycloplatam);西匹黴素(cypemycin);阿糖胞苷十八烷基磷酸酯;細胞溶解因子;細胞抑素(cytostatin);達昔單抗(dacliximab);地西他濱(decitabine);去氫膜海鞘素B(dehydrodidemnin B);德舍瑞林(deslorelin);地塞米松(dexamethasone);右異環磷醯胺(dexifosfamide);右雷佐生(dexrazoxane);右維拉帕米(dexverapamil);地吖醌(diaziquone);膜海鞘素B(didemnin B);地多西(didox);二乙基降精胺(diethylnorspermine);二氫-5-氮雜胞苷;9-二氧黃溶黴素(dioxamycin);二苯基螺莫司汀(diphenyl spiromustine);二十二烷醇(docosanol);多拉司瓊(dolasetron);去氧氟尿苷(doxifluridine);曲洛昔芬(droloxifene);屈大麻酚(dronabinol);倍癌黴素SA(duocarmycin SA);依布硒(ebselen);依考莫司汀(ecomustine);依地福新(edelfosine);依決洛單抗(edrecolomab);依氟鳥胺酸(eflornithine);欖香烯(elemene);乙嘧替氟(emitefur);表柔比星;愛普列特(epristeride);雌莫司汀類似物;雌激素促效劑;雌激素拮抗劑;依他硝唑(etanidazole);磷酸依託泊苷;或依西美坦(exemestane)。
抗癌劑之其他實例包含但不限於法屈唑(fadrozole);法紮拉濱(fazarabine);芬瑞替尼(fenretinide);非格司亭(filgrastim);非那雄安(finasteride);夫拉平度;氟卓斯汀(flezelastine);氟阿固醇(fluasterone);氟達拉濱;鹽酸氟代柔紅黴素(fluorodaunorunicin hydrochloride);福酚美克(forfenimex);福美司坦;福司曲星(fostriecin);福莫司汀(fotemustine);德卟啉釓(gadolinium texaphyrin);硝酸鎵;加洛他濱(galocitabine);加尼瑞克(ganirelix);明膠酶抑制劑;吉西他濱;麩胱甘肽抑制劑;海普法姆(hepsulfam);調蛋白(heregulin);六亞甲基雙乙醯胺;金絲桃毒(hypericin);伊班膦酸(ibandronic acid);伊達比星(idarubicin);艾多昔芬(idoxifene);伊決孟酮(idramantone);伊莫福新(ilmofosine);伊洛馬司他(ilomastat);咪唑吖啶酮(imidazoacridones);咪喹莫特(imiquimod);免疫刺激肽;類胰島素生長因子-1受體抑制劑;干擾素促效劑;干擾素;介白素;碘苄胍(iobenguane);碘多柔比星(iododoxorubicin);4-甘薯醇(ipomeanol);伊羅普拉(iroplact);伊索拉定(irsogladine);異苯胍唑(isobengazole);異高軟海綿素B(isohomohalicondrin B);伊他司瓊(itasetron);伽斯利德(jasplakinolide);卡哈利德F(kahalalide F);片螺素(lamellarin)-N三乙酸酯;蘭瑞肽(lanreotide);雷那黴素(leinamycin);來格司亭(lenograstim);硫酸香菇多糖(lentinan sulfate);立托斯坦汀(leptolstatin);來曲唑;白血病抑制因子;白血球α干擾素;亮丙立德(leuprolide)+雌激素+孕酮;亮丙瑞林(leuprorelin);左旋咪唑(levamisole);利阿唑(liarozole);線性聚胺類似物;親脂性二醣肽;親脂性鉑化合物;賴索林醯胺(lissoclinamide)7;洛鉑(lobaplatin);蚯吲磷脂(lombricine);洛美曲索(lometrexol);氯尼達明(lonidamine);洛索蒽醌(losoxantrone);洛伐他汀(lovastatin);洛索立賓(loxoribine);勒托替康(lurtotecan);德卟啉鎦;立索茶鹼(lysofylline);溶解肽;美坦新(maitansine);甘露斯汀A(mannostatin A);馬立馬司他(marimastat);馬索羅酚(masoprocol);乳腺絲抑蛋白(maspin);基質溶素(matrilysin)抑制劑;基質金屬蛋白酶抑制劑;美諾立爾(menogaril);梅爾巴龍(merbarone);美替瑞林(meterelin);甲硫胺酸酶;甲氧氯普胺(metoclopramide);MIF抑制劑;米非司酮(mifepristone);米替福新(miltefosine);米立司亭(mirimostim);錯配雙股RNA;米托胍腙(mitoguazone);二溴衛矛醇(mitolactol);絲裂黴素類似物;米托萘胺(mitonafide);米托毒素(mitotoxin)纖維母細胞生長因子-沙泊寧(saporin);米托蒽醌;莫法羅汀(mofarotene);莫拉司亭(molgramostim);單株抗體,人類絨毛膜促性腺激素;單磷醯基脂質A+分支桿菌細胞壁sk;莫哌達醇(mopidamol);多藥物抗性基因抑制劑;基於多腫瘤抑制因子1之療法;氮芥抗癌劑;印度洋海綿B(mycaperoxide B);分支桿菌細胞壁提取物;邁瑞酮(myriaporone);N-乙醯地那林(acetyldinaline);N-經取代之苯甲醯胺;那法瑞林(nafarelin);那瑞替普(nagrestip);納洛酮(naloxone)+戊唑星(pentazocine);納帕維(napavin);奈帕特林(naphterpin);那托司亭(nartograstim);奈達鉑(nedaplatin);奈莫柔比星(nemorubicin);奈立膦酸(neridronic acid);中性內肽酶;尼魯胺(nilutamide);尼薩黴素(nisamycin);一氧化氮調節劑;氮氧化物抗氧化劑;尼圖林(nitrullyn);O6-苯甲基鳥嘌呤;奧曲肽(octreotide);奧可斯酮(okicenone);寡核苷酸;奧那司酮(onapristone);昂丹司瓊(ondansetron);昂丹司瓊;奧拉新(oracin);口服細胞介素誘導劑;奧馬鉑(ormaplatin);奧沙特隆(osaterone);奧沙利鉑;厄諾黴素(oxaunomycin);巴拉烏胺(palauamine);棕櫚醯根黴素(palmitoylrhizoxin);帕米膦酸(pamidronic acid);帕納三醇(panaxytriol);帕諾米芬(panomifene);副球菌素(parabactin);帕折普汀(pazelliptine);培門冬酶(pegaspargase);培地辛(peldesine);戊聚糖聚硫酸鈉;噴司他丁;泮托唑(pentrozole);全氟龍(perflubron);培磷醯胺(perfosfamide);紫蘇醇;芬那黴素;苯基乙酸酯;磷酸酶抑制劑;匹西巴尼(picibanil);鹽酸毛果芸香鹼;吡柔比星(pirarubicin);吡曲克辛(piritrexim);普拉汀A(placetin A);普拉汀B;纖維蛋白溶酶原活化抑制劑;鉑錯合物;鉑化合物;鉑-三胺錯合物;卟吩姆鈉(porfimer sodium);波弗黴素(porfiromycin);普賴松(prednisone);丙基雙吖啶酮;前列腺素J2;蛋白酶體抑制劑;基於蛋白質A之免疫調節劑;蛋白激酶C抑制劑;微藻蛋白激酶C抑制劑;蛋白質酪胺酸磷酸酶抑制劑;嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶抑制劑;紫紅素(purpurins);派拉瑞丁(pyrazoloacridine);或吡哆醛化血紅素聚氧乙烯結合物。
抗癌劑之其他實例包含但不限於raf拮抗劑;雷替曲塞(raltitrexed);拉莫司瓊(ramosetron);ras法呢基蛋白質轉移酶抑制劑;ras抑制劑;ras-GAP抑制劑;去甲基化瑞替普汀(retelliptine demethylated);依替膦酸錸Re 186;根瘤菌素(rhizoxin);核糖酶;RII維甲醯酚胺(retinamide);羅穀亞胺(rogletimide);羅希吐鹼(rohitukine);羅莫肽(romurtide);羅喹美克(roquinimex);盧比龍(rubiginone)B1;盧伯西(ruboxyl);沙芬高(safingol);沙托品(saintopin);SarCNU;肌植醇A(sarcophytol A);沙格司亭(sargramostim);Sdi 1模擬物;司莫司汀(semustine);衰老源性抑制劑1;有義寡核苷酸;信號轉導抑制劑;信號轉導調節劑;單鏈抗原結合蛋白;西索菲蘭(sizofuran);索布佐生(sobuzoxane);硼卡鈉(sodium borocaptate);苯基乙酸鈉;索爾醇(solverol);促生長因子結合蛋白;索納明(sonermin);膦門冬酸(sparfosic acid);穗黴素D(spicamycin D);螺莫司汀(spiromustine);脾臟五肽(splenopentin);海綿抑素(spongistatin)1角鯊胺;幹細胞抑制劑;幹細胞分裂抑制劑;斯替匹醯胺(stipiamide);基質溶素抑制劑;薩菲諾辛(sulfinosine);超活性血管活性腸肽拮抗劑;色地塔(suradista);蘇拉明(suramin);苦馬豆素(swainsonine);合成葡糖胺聚糖;他莫司汀(tallimustine);他莫昔芬甲碘化物(tamoxifen methiodide);牛磺莫司汀(tauromustine);他紮羅汀(tazarotene);替可加蘭鈉(tecogalan sodium);替加氟;碲哌喃鎓(tellurapyrylium);端粒酶抑制劑;替莫泊芬(temoporfin);替莫唑胺(temozolomide);替尼泊苷(teniposide);四氯十氧化物;四唑明(tetrazomine);噻立拉斯汀(thaliblastine);噻可拉林(thiocoraline);血小板生成素;血小板生成素模擬物;胸腺法新(thymalfasin);胸腺生長素受體促效劑;胸腺曲南(thymotrinan);促甲狀腺激素;乙基初卟啉錫(tin ethyl etiopurpurin);替拉紮明(tirapazamine);二氯化二茂鈦(titanocene bichloride);特西汀(topsentin);托瑞米芬(toremifene);分化全能幹細胞因子;轉譯抑制劑;視網酸(tretinoin);三乙醯基尿苷;曲西立濱(triciribine);曲美沙特(trimetrexate);曲普瑞林(triptorelin);特比司瓊(tropisetron);妥羅雄脲(turosteride);酪胺酸激酶抑制劑;泰福斯汀(tyrphostins);UBC抑制劑;烏苯美司(ubenimex);泌尿生殖竇源性生長抑制因子;尿激酶受體拮抗劑;伐普肽(vapreotide);維洛林B(variolin B);載體系統,紅血球基因療法;維拉雷瑣(velaresol);凡拉明(veramine);維汀(verdins);維替泊芬(verteporfin);長春瑞賓;維夏汀;維他欣(vitaxin);伏羅唑(vorozole);紮諾特隆(zanoterone);折尼鉑(zeniplatin);亞苄維(zilascorb);淨司他丁斯酯(zinostatin stimalamer)、阿德力黴素、放線菌素D(Dactinomycin)、博萊黴素、長春鹼、順鉑、阿西維辛(acivicin);阿克拉黴素;鹽酸阿考達唑(acodazole hydrochloride);阿克羅寧(acronine);阿多來新;阿地白介素;六甲蜜胺(altretamine);安波黴素(ambomycin);乙酸阿美蒽醌(ametantrone acetate);胺麩精;安吖啶;阿那曲唑(anastrozole);安麴黴素;天冬醯胺酶;曲林菌素(asperlin);阿紮胞苷;阿紮替派(azetepa);阿佐黴素(azotomycin);巴馬司他(batimastat);苯佐替派(benzodepa);比卡魯胺;鹽酸比生群;二甲磺酸雙奈法德(bisnafide dimesylate);比折來新;硫酸博萊黴素;布喹那鈉(brequinar sodium);溴匹立明(bropirimine);白消安;放線菌素C(cactinomycin);卡魯睾酮(calusterone);卡醋胺(caracemide);卡貝替姆(carbetimer);卡鉑;卡莫司汀;鹽酸卡柔比星(carubicin hydrochloride);卡折來新(carzelesin);西地芬戈(cedefingol);苯丁酸氮芥;西羅黴素(cirolemycin);克拉屈濱;甲磺酸克立那托(crisnatol mesylate);環磷醯胺;阿糖胞苷。
抗癌劑之其他實例包含但不限於達卡巴嗪;鹽酸道諾黴素;地西他濱(decitabine);右奧馬鉑(dexormaplatin);地紮胍寧(dezaguanine)甲磺酸地紮胍寧;地吖醌(diaziquone);小紅莓;鹽酸小紅莓;曲洛昔芬(droloxifene);檸檬酸曲洛昔芬;丙酸屈他雄酮(dromostanolone propionate);達佐黴素(duazomycin);依達曲沙(edatrexate);鹽酸依氟鳥胺酸;依沙蘆星(elsamitrucin);恩洛鉑(enloplatin);恩普胺酯(enpromate);依匹哌啶(epipropidine);鹽酸表柔比星;厄布洛唑(erbulozole);鹽酸依索比星(esorubicin hydrochloride);雌莫司汀;雌莫司汀磷酸鈉;依他硝唑(etanidazole);依託泊苷;磷酸依託泊苷;埃托寧(etoprine);鹽酸法屈唑(fadrozole hydrochloride);法紮拉濱(fazarabine);芬那替尼;氟尿苷;磷酸氟達拉濱;氟尿嘧啶;氟西他濱;磷喹酮(fosquidone);福司曲星鈉(fostriecin sodium);吉西他濱;鹽酸吉西他濱;羥基脲;鹽酸伊達比星(idarubicin hydrochloride);異環磷醯胺;依莫福辛(iimofosine);介白素I1(包含重組介白素II或rlL
2)、干擾素α-2a;干擾素α-2b;干擾素α-n1;干擾素α-n3;干擾素β-1a;干擾素γ-1b;異丙鉑(iproplatin);鹽酸伊立替康;乙酸蘭瑞肽(lanreotide acetate);來曲唑;乙酸亮丙立德;鹽酸利阿唑(liarozole hydrochloride);洛美曲索鈉(lometrexol sodium);洛莫司汀;鹽酸洛索蒽醌(losoxantrone hydrochloride);馬索羅酚(masoprocol);美登素(maytansine);鹽酸甲氮芥;乙酸甲地孕酮(megestrol acetate);乙酸甲烯雌醇(melengestrol acetate);美法蘭;美諾立爾(menogaril);巰基嘌呤;甲胺喋呤(methotrexate);甲胺喋呤鈉;氯苯胺啶(metoprine);美妥替哌(meturedepa);米丁度胺(mitindomide);米托卡西(mitocarcin);米托羅米(mitocromin);米托潔林(mitogillin);米托馬星(mitomalcin);絲裂黴素;米托司培(mitosper);米托坦;鹽酸米托蒽醌;黴酚酸(mycophenolic acid);諾考達唑(nocodazoie);諾加黴素(nogalamycin);奧馬鉑(ormaplatin);奧昔舒侖(oxisuran);培門冬酶;培利黴素(peliomycin);奈莫司汀(pentamustine);硫酸培洛黴素;培磷醯胺(perfosfamide);哌泊溴烷(pipobroman);哌泊舒凡(piposulfan);鹽酸吡羅蒽醌(piroxantrone hydrochloride);普卡黴素(plicamycin);普洛美坦(plomestane);卟吩姆鈉;泊非羅黴素(porfiromycin);潑尼莫司汀(prednimustine);鹽酸丙卡巴肼;嘌呤黴素(puromycin);鹽酸嘌呤黴素;吡唑呋喃菌素(pyrazofurin);利波腺苷(riboprine);羅穀亞胺;沙芬高(safingol);鹽酸沙芬高;司莫司汀;辛曲秦(simtrazene);司泊索非鈉(sparfosate sodium);司帕黴素(sparsomycin);鹽酸鍺螺胺;螺莫司汀;螺鉑;鏈黑菌素(streptonigrin);鏈脲菌素;磺氯苯脲(sulofenur);他利黴素(talisomycin);替可加蘭鈉;替加氟;鹽酸替洛蒽醌;替莫泊芬;替尼泊苷;替羅昔隆(teroxirone);睪內酯(testolactone);硫咪嘌呤(thiamiprine);硫鳥嘌呤;噻替派;噻唑呋林(tiazofurin);替拉紮明(tirapazamine);檸檬酸托瑞米芬(toremifene citrate);乙酸曲托龍(trestolone acetate);磷酸曲西立濱(triciribine phosphate);曲美沙特(trimetrexate);葡萄糖醛酸曲美沙特;曲普瑞林(triptorelin);鹽酸妥布氯唑(tubulozole hydrochloride);尿嘧啶氮芥;烏瑞替派(uredepa);伐普肽(vapreotide);維替泊芬(verteporfin);硫酸長春花鹼;硫酸長春新鹼;長春地辛;硫酸長春地辛;硫酸長春匹定(vinepidine sulfate);硫酸長春甘酯(vinglycinate sulfate);硫酸長春羅新(vinleurosine sulfate);酒石酸長春瑞賓;硫酸長春羅定(vinrosidine sulfate);硫酸長春利定(vinzolidine sulfate);伏羅唑(vorozole);折尼鉑(zeniplatin);淨司他丁;鹽酸左柔比星(zorubicin hydrochloride);在G2-M期停滯細胞及/或調節微管形成或穩定性之藥劑(例如Taxol.TM(亦即,紫杉醇)、Taxotere.TM,包括紫杉烷骨架之化合物;厄布洛唑(Erbulozole)(亦即,R-55104)、海兔毒素10(亦即,DLS -10及NSC-376128);羥乙基磺酸米伏布林(Mivobulin isethionate)(亦即,如CI-980)、長春新鹼、NSC-639829、迪莫利德(Discodermolide)(亦即,如NVP-XX-A-296)、ABT-751(Abbott,亦即E-7010)或埃托素(Altorhyrtins)(例如埃托素A及埃托素C)。
抗癌劑之其他實例包含但不限於海綿抑素(Spongistatins)(例如海綿抑素1、海綿抑素2、海綿抑素3、海綿抑素4、海綿抑素5、海綿抑素6、海綿抑素7、海綿抑素8及海綿抑素9)、鹽酸西馬多丁(Cemadotin hydrochloride)(亦即,LU-103793及NSC-D-669356)、埃坡黴素(Epothilones)(例如埃坡黴素A、埃坡黴素B、埃坡黴素C(亦即,去氧埃坡黴素A或dEpoA)、埃坡黴素D(亦即,KOS-862、dEpoB及去氧埃坡黴素B)、埃坡黴素E、埃坡黴素F、埃坡黴素B N-氧化物、埃坡黴素A N-氧化物、16-氮雜-埃坡黴素B、21-胺基埃坡黴素B(亦即,BMS-310705)、21-羥基埃坡黴素D(亦即,去氧埃坡黴素F及dEpoF)、26-氟代埃坡黴素、奧瑞他汀PE(Auristatin PE)(亦即,NSC-654663)、索利多丁(Soblidotin)(亦即,TZT-1027)、LS-4559-P(Pharmacia,亦即LS-4577)、LS-4578(Pharmacia,亦即LS-477-P)、LS-4477(Pharmacia)、LS-4559(Pharmacia)、RPR-112378(Aventis)、硫酸長春新鹼、DZ-3358(Daiichi)、FR-182877(Fujisawa,亦即WS-9885B)、GS-164(Takeda)、GS-198(Takeda)、KAR-2(Hungarian Academy of Sciences)、BSF-223651(BASF,亦即ILX-651及LU-223651)、SAH-49960(Lilly/Novartis)、SDZ-268970(Lilly/Novartis)、AM-97(Armad/Kyowa Hakko)、AM-132(Armad)、AM-138(Armad/Kyowa Hakko)、IDN-5005(Indena)、念珠藻素(Cryptophycin)52(亦即,LY-355703)、AC-7739(Ajinomoto,亦即AVE-8063A及CS-39.HCl)、AC-7700(Ajinomoto,亦即AVE-8062、AVE-8062A、CS-39-L-Ser.HCl及RPR-258062A)、維替維胺(Vitilevuamide)、妥布賴森A(Tubulysin A)、卡納登索(Canadensol)、矢車菊黃素(Centaureidin)(亦即,NSC-106969)、T-138067(Tularik,亦即T-67、TL-138067及TI-138067)、COBRA-1(Parker Hughes Institute,亦即DDE-261及WHI-261)、H10(Kansas State University)、H16(Kansas State University)、恩考司丁(Oncocidin)A1(亦即,BTO-956及DIME)、DDE-313(Parker Hughes Institute)、富吉耐德B(Fijianolide B)、勞力馬德(Laulimalide)、SPA-2(Parker Hughes Institute)、SPA-1(Parker Hughes Institute,亦即SPIKET-P)、3-IAABU(Cytoskeleton/Mt.Sinai School of Medicine,亦即MF-569)、那可辛(Narcosine)(又稱為NSC-5366)、那可汀(Nascapine)、D-24851(Asta Medica)、A-105972(Abbott)、哈米特林(Hemiasterlin)、3-BAABU(Cytoskeleton/Mt.Sinai School of Medicine,亦即MF-191)、TMPN(Arizona State University)、乙醯基丙酮酸二茂釩(Vanadocene acetylacetonate)、T-138026(Tularik)、蒙薩托(Monsatrol)、樂諾辛(lnanocine)(亦即,NSC-698666)、3-IAABE(Cytoskeleton/Mt.Sinai School of Medicine)、A-204197(Abbott)、T-607(Tuiarik,亦即T-900607)、RPR-115781(Aventis)、軟珊瑚醇(Eleutherobins)(諸如去甲基軟珊瑚醇、去乙醯基軟珊瑚醇(Desaetyleleutherobin)、異軟珊瑚醇A(lsoeleutherobin A)及Z-軟珊瑚醇)、卡瑞巴斯(Caribaeoside)、卡瑞巴林(Caribaeolin)、軟海綿素B(Halichondrin B)、D-64131(Asta Medica)、D-68144(Asta Medica)、含氯環肽A(Diazonamide A)、A-293620(Abbott)、NPI 2350(Nereus)、根薯酮內酯A(Taccalonolide A)、TUB-245(Aventis)、A-259754(Abbott)、地佐他汀(Diozostatin)、(-)-苯基艾司汀(Phenylahistin)(亦即,NSCL-96F037)、D-68838(Asta Medica)、D-68836(Asta Medica)、肌基質蛋白B(Myoseverin B)、D-43411(Zentaris,亦即D-81862)、A-289099(Abbott)、A-318315(Abbott)、HTI-286(亦即,SPA-110,三氟乙酸鹽)(Wyeth)、D-82317(Zentaris)、D-82318(Zentaris)、SC-12983(NCI)、瑞文他汀磷酸鈉(Resverastatin phosphate sodium)、BPR-OY-007(National Health Research Institutes)及SSR-250411(Sanofi))、類固醇(例如地塞米松)、非那雄安(finasteride)、芳香酶抑制劑、促性腺激素釋放激素促效劑(GnRH)(諸如戈舍瑞林(goserelin)或亮丙立德)、腎上腺皮質類固醇(例如普賴松)、孕激素(例如羥孕酮巳酯(hydroxyprogesterone caproate)、乙酸甲地孕酮、乙酸甲羥孕酮)、雌激素(例如己烯雌酚(diethlystilbestrol)、乙炔基雌二醇(ethinyl estradiol)、抗雌激素(例如他莫昔芬)、雄激素(例如丙酸睪固酮、氟甲睾酮(fluoxymesterone))、抗雄激素(例如氟他胺(flutamide))、免疫刺激劑(例如Bacillus Calmette-Guérin(BCG)、左旋咪唑(levamisole)、介白素-2、α-干擾素等)、單株抗體(例如抗CD20、抗HER2、抗CD52、抗HLA-DR及抗VEGF單株抗體)、免疫毒素(例如抗CD33單株抗體-卡奇黴素(calicheamicin)結合物、抗CD22單株抗體-綠膿桿菌外毒素(pseudomonas exotoxin)結合物等)、放射免疫療法(例如與
111In、
90Y或
131I結合之抗CD20單株抗體等)、雷公藤內酯(triptolide)、高粗榧鹼(homoharringtonine)、放線菌素D、小紅莓、表柔比星、拓樸替康、伊曲康唑(itraconazole)、長春地辛、西立伐他汀(cerivastatin)、長春新鹼、去氧腺苷、舍曲林(sertraline)、匹伐他汀(pitavastatin)、伊立替康、氯法齊明(clofazimine)、5-壬氧基色胺、維羅非尼(vemurafenib)、達拉非尼(dabrafenib)、厄洛替尼、吉非替尼、EGFR抑制劑、表皮生長因子受體(EGFR)靶向療法或治療劑(例如吉非替尼(Iressa™)、厄洛替尼(Tarceva™)、西妥昔單抗(cetuximab)(Erbitux™)、拉帕替尼(lapatinib)(Tykerb™)、帕尼單抗(panitumumab)(Vectibix™)、凡德他尼(vandetanib)(Caprelsa™)、阿法替尼(afatinib)/BIBW2992、CI-1033/卡奈替尼(canertinib)、奈拉替尼(neratinib)/HKI-272、CP-724714、TAK-285、AST-1306、ARRY334543、ARRY-380、AG-1478、達可替尼(dacomitinib)/PF299804、OSI-420/去甲基厄洛替尼、AZD8931、AEE788、培利替尼(pelitinib)/EKB-569、CUDC-101、WZ8040、WZ4002、WZ3146、AG-490、XL647、PD153035、BMS-599626)、索拉非尼(sorafenib)、伊馬替尼(imatinib)、舒尼替尼(sunitinib)、達沙替尼(dasatinib)或類似物。
如本文所使用,「治療(treating)」病況、疾病或病症或與病況、疾病或病症相關之症狀、或者病況、疾病或病症或與病況、疾病或病症相關之症狀之「治療(treatment of)」係指用於獲得包含臨床結果在內之有益或所希望的結果的方法。有益或所希望的臨床結果可包含但不限於減輕或改善一或多種症狀或病況;減輕病況、病症或疾病之程度;使病況、病症或疾病之狀態穩定;預防病況、病症或疾病之發展;預防病況、病症或疾病之擴散;延遲或減慢病況、病症或疾病進展;延遲或減慢病況、病症或疾病之發作;改善或緩和病況、病症或疾病狀態;以及緩解,無論為部分抑或總體緩解。「治療」亦可意思指使受試者之存活期延長超過在不存在治療情況下預期的存活期。「治療」亦可指抑制病況、病症或疾病之進展;暫時地減慢病況、病症或疾病之進展,但在一些情況下,其涉及永久性停止病況、病症或疾病之進展。如本文所使用,術語治療(treatment/treat/treating)係指降低以蛋白酶表現為特徵的疾病或病況之一或多種症狀或以蛋白酶表現為特徵之疾病或病況之症狀的影響之方法。因此,在所揭示之方法中,治療可以指確定之疾病、病況或者該疾病或病況之症狀之嚴重程度的10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%或100%降低。舉例而言,若受試者之疾病的一或多種症狀相較於對照減少10%,則將用於治療疾病之方法視為治療。因此,與原生或對照水準相比,降低可為10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、100%或在10%與100%之間的任何降低百分比。應理解,治療未必係指疾病、病況或者改疾病或病況之症狀的治癒或完全去除。另外,如本文所使用,提及的減少、降低或抑制包含相較於對照水準之10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%或更高百分比變化且該等術語可包含但未必包含完全消除。
術語「劑量(dose)」及「劑量(dosage)」在本文中可互換地使用。劑量係指在各投予時給予個體的活性成分之量。劑量將取決於多種因素而變化,包含給定療法之正常劑量範圍、投予頻率;個體之體格及耐受性;病況之嚴重程度;副作用之風險;及投予途徑。技術人員應認識到,劑量可取決於以上因素或基於治療進展而改變。術語「劑型」係指醫藥或醫藥組成物之特定型式,且取決於投予途徑。舉例而言,劑型可呈用於噴霧之液體形式,例如用於吸入劑;呈錠劑或液體形式,例如用於口服遞送;或呈鹽水溶液形式,例如用於注射。
如本文所使用,「治療有效劑量或量」意思指產生投予其之作用的劑量(例如治療或預防疾病)。確切劑量及調配物將取決於治療目的且將由熟習此項技術者使用已知技術確定(參見例如Lieberman, 《醫藥劑型(Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms)》 (第1-3卷, 1992);Lloyd, 《醫藥混配的藝術、科學及技術(The Art, Science and Technology of Pharmaceutical Compounding)》 (1999);《雷氏藥學理論和實踐(Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy)》, 第20版, Gennaro編輯(2003);及Pickar, 《劑量計算(Dosage Calculations)》 (1999))。舉例而言,對於給定參數,治療有效量將顯示至少5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、40%、50%、60%、75%、80%、90%或至少100%之增加量或減少量。治療功效亦可表示為「-倍」增加或減少。舉例而言,治療有效量可相對於標準對照具有至少1.2倍、1.5倍、2倍、5倍或更大之作用。治療有效劑量或量可改善疾病之一或多種症狀。當投予治療有效劑量或量之作用係治療有發展疾病之風險的人時,該治療有效劑量或量可預防疾病或疾病之一或多種症狀,或延遲其發作。
如本文所使用,術語「投予」意謂向受試者經口投予、以栓劑形式投予、表面接觸、靜脈內、腹膜內、肌肉內、病灶內、鞘內、鼻內或皮下投予、或植入緩慢釋放裝置,例如微滲透泵。投予係藉由任何途徑進行,包含非經腸及經黏膜(例如經頰、舌下、經齶、經牙齦、經鼻、經陰道、經直腸或經皮)。非經腸投予包含例如靜脈內、肌肉內、小動脈內、皮內、皮下、腹膜內、室內及顱內投予。其他遞送模式包含但不限於使用脂質調配物、靜脈內輸注、經皮貼片等。「共同投予」意思指本文所描述之組成物係在投予一或多種額外療法,例如癌症療法,諸如化學療法、激素療法、放射療法或免疫療法之同時、剛好在其之前或剛好在其之後投予。本發明化合物可單獨投予或可共同投予患者。共同投予意欲包含同時或依序投予個別地或組合的(超過一種治療劑)化合物。因此,在需要時,製劑亦可與其他活性物質組合(例如以減少代謝降解)。本發明之組成物可藉由以下方式遞送:經皮、藉由表面途徑,調配為敷藥棒、溶液、懸浮液、乳液、凝膠、乳膏、軟膏、糊劑、膠凍劑、塗料、散劑及氣霧劑。
適於經口投予之調配物可由以下組成:(a)液體溶液,諸如懸浮於稀釋劑,諸如水、生理鹽水或PEG 400中的有效量之本文所提供之抗體;(b)膠囊、藥囊或錠劑,各含有預定量的活性成分,呈液體、固體、顆粒或明膠形式;(c)於適當液體中之懸浮液;及(d)適合乳液。錠劑形式可包含以下中之一或多者:乳糖、蔗糖、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇、磷酸鈣、玉米澱粉、馬鈴薯澱粉、微晶纖維素、明膠、膠態二氧化矽、滑石、硬脂酸鎂、硬脂酸,及其他賦形劑、著色劑、填充劑、黏合劑、稀釋劑、緩衝劑、濕潤劑、防腐劑、調味劑、染料、崩解劑及醫藥學上相容之載劑。口含錠形式可包括於調味劑(例如蔗糖)中之活性成分,以及包括在惰性基質(諸如明膠及甘油或蔗糖及阿拉伯膠乳液、凝膠及類似物)中之活性成分的片劑,除活性成分以外,其亦含有此項技術中已知的載劑。
醫藥組成物亦可包含較大的、緩慢代謝之巨分子,諸如蛋白質、多糖(諸如殼聚醣)、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸及共聚物(諸如乳膠官能化瓊脂糖(TM)、瓊脂糖、纖維素及類似物)、聚合胺基酸、胺基酸共聚物及脂質聚集物(諸如油滴或脂質體)。另外,此等載劑可充當免疫刺激劑(亦即,佐劑)。
供直腸投予之適合調配物包含例如栓劑,其由經栓劑基質包裝之核酸組成。適合的栓劑基質包含天然或合成三酸甘油酯或石蠟烴。另外,亦可使用直腸用明膠膠囊,其由所選化合物與基質之組合組成,該基質包含例如液體三酸甘油酯、聚乙二醇及石蠟烴。
適於非經腸投予,諸如藉由關節內(關節中)、靜脈內、肌肉內、腫瘤內、皮內、腹膜內及皮下途徑投予之調配物包含水性及非水性、等張無菌注射溶液,其可含有抗氧化劑、緩衝劑、抑菌劑及使調配物與預定接受者之血液等張之溶質;及水性及非水性無菌懸浮液,其可包含懸浮劑、增溶劑、增稠劑、穩定劑及防腐劑。在本發明之實踐中,組成物可例如藉由靜脈內輸注、經口、表面、腹膜內、膀胱內或鞘內投予。非經腸投予、經口投予及靜脈內投予為較佳的投予方法。化合物之調配物可提供於單位劑量或多劑量密封容器,諸如安瓿及小瓶中。
注射溶液及懸浮液可由先前所描述之種類之無菌散劑、顆粒劑及錠劑製備。用於離體療法的經核酸轉導之細胞亦可如上文所描述,經靜脈內或非經腸投予。
組合投予涵蓋使用單獨調配物或單一醫藥調配物共同投予,及以任一次序連續投予,其中較佳地,在兩種(或所有)活性劑同時發揮其生物活性時存在一段時間。
本發明之組成物可另外包含提供持續釋放及/或舒適度之組分。此類組分包含高分子量陰離子型黏膜模擬(mucomimetic)聚合物、膠凝多醣及細粉狀藥物載劑基質。此等組分更詳細地論述於美國專利第4,911,920號;第5,403,841號;第5,212,162號;及第4,861,760號中。此等專利之全部內容以全文引用之方式併入本文中用於所有目的。本發明之組成物亦可以微球體形式遞送以在體內緩慢釋放。舉例而言,微球體可經由皮內注射含藥物微球體來投予,該等微球體在皮下緩慢釋放(參見Rao, 《生物材料科學-聚合物版(
J.Biomater Sci. Polym.Ed.)》7:623-645, 1995;以可生物降解且可注射之凝膠調配物形式投予(參見例如Gao, 《藥學研究(
Pharm.Res.)》12:857-863, 1995);或以供經口投予之微球體形式投予(參見例如Eyles, 《藥劑學與藥理學雜誌(
J.Pharm.Pharmacol.)》49:669-674, 1997)。在實施例中,本發明之組成物的調配物可藉由使用與細胞膜融合或經內吞之脂質體遞送,亦即,藉由採用連接至脂質體之受體配體遞送,該等配體結合至細胞之表面膜蛋白受體而引起內吞。藉由使用脂質體,特別是在脂質體表面攜帶對目標細胞具有特異性之受體配體或以其他方式優先導引至特定器官的情況下,吾人可集中於將本發明之組成物在活體內遞送至目標細胞中。(參見例如Al-Muhammed, 《微膠囊化雜誌(
J. Microencapsul.)》13:293-306, 1996;Chonn, 《當代生物技術觀點(
Curr.Opin.Biotechnol.)》 6:698-708, 1995;Ostro, 《美國醫院藥學雜誌(
Am. J. Hosp.Pharm.)》46:1576-1587, 1989)。本發明之組成物亦可以奈米粒子形式遞送。
如本文所使用,術語「醫藥學上可接受」與「生理學上可接受」及「藥理學上可接受」以同義使用。醫藥組成物一般將包括用於緩衝及在儲存中保存之試劑,且取決於投予途徑,可包含供適當遞送的緩衝劑及載劑。
「醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑」及「醫藥學上可接受之載劑」係指有助於向受試者投予活性劑及被受試者吸收的物質,且其可包含在本發明之組成物中,同時不會對患者產生明顯不良之毒理學作用。醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑的非限制性實例包含水、NaCl、標準生理鹽水溶液、乳酸林格氏液(lactated Ringer's)、標準蔗糖、標準葡萄糖、黏合劑、填充劑、崩解劑、潤滑劑、包衣、甜味劑、調味劑、鹽溶液(諸如林格氏溶液)、醇、油、明膠、諸如乳糖之碳水化合物、直鏈澱粉或澱粉、脂肪酸酯、羥甲基纖維素、聚乙烯基吡咯啶及色素,以及類似物。該等製劑可經滅菌且視需要與不會不利地與本發明之化合物反應的助劑混合,該等助劑諸如為潤滑劑、防腐劑、穩定劑、潤濕劑、乳化劑、用於影響滲透壓之鹽、緩衝劑、著色劑及/或芳族物質,及類似物。熟習此項技術者將認識到,其他醫藥賦形劑亦可用於本發明中。
術語「醫藥學上可接受之鹽」係指衍生自此項技術中熟知之多種有機及無機相對離子的鹽,且僅作為實例,包含鈉、鉀、鈣、鎂、銨、四烷基銨鹽及類似鹽;且當分子含有鹼性官能基時,包含有機酸或無機酸鹽,諸如鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、乙酸鹽、順丁烯二酸鹽、草酸鹽及類似鹽。
術語「製劑」意欲包含將活性化合物與作為載劑之囊封材料一起調配,以提供膠囊,在膠囊中,在其他載劑存在或不存在下活性組分被載劑包圍,因此與該載劑締合。類似地,包含扁囊劑及口含錠。錠劑、散劑、膠囊、丸劑、扁囊劑及口含錠可用作適於經口投予之固體劑型。
醫藥製劑視情況為單位劑型。在此類形式中,製劑再分成含有適當數量活性組分之單位劑量。單位劑型可為包裝製劑,該包裝含有離散量之製劑,諸如包裝錠劑、膠囊及小瓶或安瓿裝粉末。此外,單位劑型可為膠囊、錠劑、扁囊劑或口含錠本身,或其可為適當數目的呈包裝形式之此等單位劑型中之任一者。單位劑型可具有冷凍分散液。
應理解,本文所描述之實例及實施例僅用於說明之目的,且熟習此項技術者將提出根據該等實例及實施例之各種修改或變化且其包含在本申請案之精神及範圍內以及所附申請專利範圍之範圍內。本文所引用之所有出版物、專利及專利申請案均特此以全文引用之方式併入用於所有目的。
抗RYK抗體
本文尤其提供以高效率及特異性結合人類酪胺酸受體相關激酶(RYK)的抗體(例如嵌合抗體、單株抗體、抗體片段(例如scFv))。本文所提供之抗體及抗體組成物包含例如新穎輕鏈及重鏈域CDR及構架區且尤其可用於診斷及治療癌症及其他RYK相關疾病。在實施例中,本文所提供之抗RYK抗體能夠結合人類RYK蛋白質,但不結合小鼠RYK蛋白質。
在一個態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其包含重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO:1中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:2中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:3中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO:4中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:5中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 6中所示之CDR L3。
在實施例中,該重鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 15之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 15之序列。在實施例中,該輕鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 16之序列。在實施例中,該輕鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 16之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 15之序列且該輕鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 16之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 15之序列且該輕鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 16之序列。
在實施例中,單株抗體以本段中描述之平衡解離常數(K
D)結合RYK。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約3 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約4 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約5 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約7 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約8 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約9 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約10 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約50 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約100 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約200 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約300 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約400 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約500 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約600 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約700 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約800 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約900 pM至約2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約1 nM至約2 nM之K
D。
在實施例中,單株抗體以本段中描述之平衡解離常數(K
D)結合RYK。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約1 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約900 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約800 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約700 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約600 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約500 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約400 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約300 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約200 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約100 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約50 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約10 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約9 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約8 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約7 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約6 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約5 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約4 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約3 pM之K
D。
在實施例中,單株抗體以本段中描述之平衡解離常數(K
D)結合RYK。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有3 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有4 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有5 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有7 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有8 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有9 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有10 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有50 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有100 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有200 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有300 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有400 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有500 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有600 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有700 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有800 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有900 pM至2 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有1 nM至2 nM之K
D。
在實施例中,單株抗體以本段中描述之平衡解離常數(K
D)結合RYK。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至1 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至900 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至800 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至700 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至600 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至500 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至400 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至300 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至200 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至100 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至50 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至10 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至9 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至8 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至7 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至6 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至5 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至4 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有2 pM至3 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約513 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有513 pM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體抗體在本文中稱為2-D11。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其包含重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO: 17中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO: 18中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO: 19中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO: 20中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO: 21中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 22中所示之CDR L3。
在實施例中,該重鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 31之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 31之序列。在實施例中,該輕鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 32之序列。在實施例中,該輕鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 32之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 31之序列且該輕鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 32之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 31之序列且該輕鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 32之序列。
在實施例中,單株抗體以本段中描述之平衡解離常數(K
D)結合RYK。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約7 nM至約17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約8 nM至約17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約9 nM至約17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約10 nM至約17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約11 nM至約17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約12 nM至約17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約13 nM至約17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約14 nM至約17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約15 nM至約17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約16 nM至約17 nM之K
D。
在實施例中,單株抗體以本段中描述之平衡解離常數(K
D)結合RYK。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 nM至16 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約15 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約14 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約13 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約12 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約11 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約10 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約9 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約8 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約7 nM之K
D。
在實施例中,單株抗體以本段中描述之平衡解離常數(K
D)結合RYK。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 nM至17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有7 nM至17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有8 nM至17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有9 nM至17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有10 nM至17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有11 nM至17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有12 nM至17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有13 nM至17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約14 nM至約17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有15 nM至17 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有16 nM至17 nM之K
D。
在實施例中,單株抗體以本段中描述之平衡解離常數(K
D)結合RYK。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 nM至16 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 nM至15 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 nM至14 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 nM至13 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 nM至12 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 nM至約11 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 nM至10 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 nM至9 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有6 nM至8 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至7 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有約10 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體具有10 nM之K
D。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體抗體在本文中稱為7-D10。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其包含重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO: 33中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO: 34中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO: 35中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO:36中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO: 37中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 38中所示之CDR L3。
在實施例中,該重鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 47之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 47之序列。在實施例中,該輕鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 48之序列。在實施例中,該輕鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 48之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 47之序列且該輕鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 48之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 47之序列且該輕鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 48之序列。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體抗體在本文中稱為11-E9。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其包含重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO: 49中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO: 50中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO: 51中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包含如SEQ ID NO:52中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO: 53中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 54中所示之CDR L3。
在實施例中,該重鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 63之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 63之序列。在實施例中,該輕鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 64之序列。在實施例中,該輕鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 64之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 63之序列且該輕鏈可變域包含SEQ ID NO: 64之序列。在實施例中,該重鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 63之序列且該輕鏈可變域係SEQ ID NO: 64之序列。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體抗體在本文中稱為3-C12。
在實施例中,抗RYK抗體係嵌合抗體。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體係Fab'片段。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體係IgG。在實施例中,該輕鏈可變域與該重鏈可變域形成scFv之一部分。
在實施例中,抗RYK抗體能夠結合RYK蛋白質。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體結合細胞外RYK域。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體結合人類細胞外RYK域。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體結合包含SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸序列的細胞外RYK域。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體結合細胞外RYK域,該細胞外RYK域為SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸序列。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體結合對應於SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸殘基48至57的胺基酸序列。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體結合至RYK蛋白質。在實施例中,RYK蛋白質係人類RYK蛋白質。在實施例中,RYK蛋白質包含SEQ ID NO: 130之序列。在實施例中,RYK蛋白質係SEQ ID NO: 130之序列。在實施例中,RYK蛋白質係SEQ ID NO:129之序列。在實施例中,RYK蛋白質不結合至小鼠RYK蛋白質。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體不結合包含對應於SEQ ID NO:131之胺基酸殘基32至41之胺基酸序列的RYK蛋白質。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體不結合包含SEQ ID NO:131之序列的RYK蛋白質。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體不結合SEQ ID NO:131之RYK蛋白質。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體不結合小鼠細胞外RYK域。在實施例中,RYK蛋白質形成細胞之一部分。在實施例中,RYK蛋白質係在細胞表面上表現。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包含以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包含如SEQ ID NO:1中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:2中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:3中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;及包含如SEQ ID NO:4中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:5中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 6中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包含以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包含如SEQ ID NO:17中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:18中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:19中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;及包含如SEQ ID NO:20中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:21中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 22中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包含以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包含如SEQ ID NO:33中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:34中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:35中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;及包含如SEQ ID NO:36中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:37中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 38中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
在另一態樣中,提供一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包含以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包含如SEQ ID NO:49中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:50中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:51中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;及包含如SEQ ID NO:52中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:53中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 54中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
在實施例中,抗RYK抗體連接至治療或診斷部分。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體連接至治療部分。在實施例中,抗RYK抗體連接至診斷部分。
核酸組成物
本文所提供之組成物包含編碼本文所提供之抗RYK抗體或其部分(包含其實施例)的核酸分子。由本文所提供的經分離之核酸編碼的抗體將在本申請案通篇詳細描述(包含以上及實例部分中之描述)。因此,在一個態樣中,提供一種經分離之核酸,其編碼本文所提供之抗RYK抗體,包含其實施例。
抗體組成物
本文所提供之抗體的輕鏈及重鏈尤其可使用此項技術中熟知之習知方法形成重組蛋白(例如嵌合抗原受體(CAR)或雙特異性抗體(BiTe)之一部分。經由招募效應細胞,本文所提供之抗RYK抗體可誘導表現RYK之細胞的細胞殺滅且因此當獨立使用時或在CAR或BiTe之情況下可用於治療目的。
細胞組成物
本文所提供之組成物包含細胞組成物,其包含本文所提供之抗RYK抗體,包含其實施例。因此,在一個態樣中,提供一種細胞,其包括本文所提供之抗RYK抗體(包含其實施例)或本文所提供之核酸(包含其實施例)。
醫藥組成物
本文所提供之組成物包含醫藥組成物,其包含本文所提供之抗RYK抗體,包含其實施例。因此,在一個態樣中,提供一種醫藥組成物,其包括治療有效量的本文所提供之抗體(包含其實施例)及醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑。
方法
在一個態樣中,提供一種形成能夠結合至RYK蛋白質之抗體的方法,該方法包含對哺乳動物免疫接種包含SEQ ID NO:129之序列的肽。
在另一態樣中,提供一種偵測表現RYK之細胞的方法,該方法包含(i)使表現RYK之細胞與本文所提供之抗體(包含其實施例)接觸;(ii)且偵測該抗體與該細胞表現之RYK蛋白質的結合。
在實施例中,該抗體連接至可偵測部分。在實施例中,該生物樣本係全血、血液部分或製品、組織或培養之細胞。在實施例中,生物樣本係全血。在實施例中,生物樣本係血液部分或製品。在實施例中,生物樣本係血液部分。在實施例中,生物樣本係血液製品。在實施例中,生物樣本係組織。在實施例中,生物樣本係培養之細胞。
在實施例中,表現RYK之細胞係癌細胞。在實施例中,該癌細胞係膀胱癌細胞、腦癌細胞、乳癌細胞、慢性骨髓性白血病(CML)細胞、結腸癌細胞、尤文氏肉瘤細胞、肺癌細胞、套細胞淋巴瘤細胞、卵巢癌細胞、胰臟癌細胞、皮膚癌細胞或黑素瘤細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係膀胱癌細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係腦癌細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係乳癌細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係慢性骨髓性白血病(CML)細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係結腸癌細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係尤文氏肉瘤細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係肺癌細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係套細胞淋巴瘤細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係卵巢癌細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係胰臟癌細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係皮膚癌細胞。在實施例中,癌細胞係黑素瘤細胞。
在另一態樣中,提供一種治療有需要受試者之癌症的方法,該方法包含向受試者投予治療有效量的本文所提供之抗RYK抗體,包含其實施例。
在實施例中,癌症係膀胱癌、腦癌、乳癌、慢性骨髓性白血病(CML)、結腸癌、尤文氏肉瘤、肺癌、套細胞淋巴瘤、卵巢癌、胰臟癌、皮膚癌或黑素瘤。在實施例中,癌症係膀胱癌。在實施例中,癌症係腦癌。在實施例中,癌症係慢性骨髓性白血病(CML)。在實施例中,癌症係結腸癌。在實施例中,癌症係尤文氏肉瘤。在實施例中,癌症係肺癌。在實施例中,癌症係套細胞淋巴瘤。在實施例中,癌症係卵巢癌。在實施例中,癌症係胰臟癌。在實施例中,癌症係皮膚癌。在實施例中,癌症係黑素瘤。
在另一態樣中,提供一種鑑別抗RYK抗體之方法,該方法包含:(i)使抗體與第一RYK多肽接觸,該第一RYK多肽包含對應於SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸殘基48至57的胺基酸序列;(ii)偵測與該第一RYK多肽結合之抗體;(iii)使該抗體與第二RYK多肽接觸,該第二RYK多肽不包含對應於SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸殘基48至57的胺基酸序列;且(iv)偵測不與該第二RYK多肽結合之抗體,由此鑑別出抗RYK抗體。
在實施例中,該抗體係嵌合抗體。在實施例中,抗體係Fab'片段。在實施例中,抗體係單鏈抗體。
應理解,本文所描述之實例及實施例僅用於說明之目的,且熟習此項技術者將提出根據該等實例及實施例之各種修改或變化且其包含在本申請案之精神及範圍內以及所附申請專利範圍之範圍內。本文所引用之所有出版物、專利及專利申請案均特此以全文引用之方式併入用於所有目的。
實例 實例1:
申請者已產生對人類Ryk之細胞外域具有高度特異性,但不結合至高度同源之小鼠Ryk的mAb。此等mAb明顯結合至在成熟人類Ryk蛋白質之胺基末端發現的一或多個抗原決定基。另外,此等mAb對Ryk具有極高親和力且意外地是,其看來不與正常人類產後組織反應。舉例而言,申請者發現,此等mAb不結合正常人類臍帶血或產後血液、扁桃體、脾臟或骨髓中之造血細胞。然而,意外地是,此等mAb與來源於多種不同實體腫瘤或血液癌症之癌症細胞株反應。由於此等mAb不與來源於相同組織類型之所有癌症反應,故吾人推測,此等mAb不與來源於該組織類型之所有產後細胞反應。意外地是,申請者發現,mAb與患有侵襲性癌症之患者的原發性腫瘤細胞,諸如三陰性、轉移性乳癌細胞反應很強烈。另外,申請者發現,此等mAb與惡性胸膜積液或腹水中之癌細胞強烈反應,且可與血液中之循環腫瘤細胞反應。初步研究亦指示,此等mAb與具有癌症幹細胞或間葉特徵之癌細胞反應最為強烈,該等癌症幹細胞或間葉特徵與高轉移性軌跡及不良預後相關。
此等抗體可用於結合表現Ryk之癌細胞。由於Ryk在正常產後組織上之表現量較低,甚至可忽略,故此等mAb可經由抗體依賴性細胞毒性(ADCC)或藉由抑制明顯促進癌細胞遷移、生長及/或癌症幹細胞更新的Ryk之有待確定之功能來靶向表現Ryk之癌細胞以進行破壞。此外,此等mAb可與毒素連接,由此允許將結合抗Ryk mAb之毒素特異性遞送至表現Ryk之腫瘤細胞。由於具有高親和力,其可經『人類化』以同化人類抗體及/或用於產生與Ryk結合之單鏈Fv(scFv)域,該等scFv域可用於形成靶向Ryk以及另一分子(諸如CD3)之雙特異性抗體,其可允許針對表現Ryk之腫瘤細胞之抗腫瘤免疫反應的細胞免疫活化。另外,此等抗Ryk scFv可用於產生嵌合抗原受體(CAR)。T細胞或NK細胞表現抗Ryk CAR可允許針對表現Ryk之癌症的抗Ryk CAR T/NK細胞療法。
如本文所描述,申請者已製備出抗Ryk抗體且已量測出其對抗原之親和力。此外,Ryk結合位點已經定序且測定兩種所揭示之抗Ryk mAb,即2-D11及7-H10(即將出現)之重鏈及輕鏈的胺基酸序列。已在各種癌症之細胞株中測試該等抗體,包含三陰性乳癌之異種移植物。另外,已使用2-D11抗體對來源於各種癌症組織類型之癌症細胞株進行染色,包含來自乳癌患者源性異種移植物(例如三陰性轉移性乳癌)之原發性腫瘤細胞。
實例3:
由於資料表明,在使用抗RYK抗血清之研究中,RYK係在CLL細胞上表現,故產生結合至患有慢性淋巴球性白血病(CLL)之患者之白血病細胞的抗RYK mAb。然而,在產生對RYK具有特異性之高親和力mAb後,申請者意外發現,抗RYK抗血清對CLL細胞明顯具有虛假的結合活性,由此發現該等細胞實際上不表現RYK且並不與所揭示的本文所描述之抗Ryk mAb反應。申請者亦發現,RYK在測試的所有非癌症細胞上不表現,但在許多不同人類癌症之贅生性細胞上表現。
實例3:
人類Ryk之細胞外蛋白質序列與小鼠RYK之細胞外蛋白質序列高度同源(圖1)。已產生抗人類RYK mAb,其結合由圖2中所示之胺基酸組成的人類RYK之成熟細胞外蛋白質域,但並不結合由圖3中所示之胺基酸組成的高度同源之小鼠RYK。
抗人類RYK mAb,即2-D11及7-H10看來對人類Ryk之胺基末端抗原決定基(殘基46-57)具有特異性,該抗原決定基不同於小鼠Ryk中者(圖3);此等mAb亦結合在人類Ryk中不同於高度同源之小鼠Ryk的位置處含有胺基酸取代以在取代位點處同化小鼠Ryk的突變形式之Ryk,其中胺基酸序列示於圖3中,此係藉由人類或小鼠或者人類Ryk之各種突變形式中之各者的重組細胞外蛋白質之免疫墨點分析顯示(圖4)。為此,使用如圖例中所說明之重組細胞外RYK蛋白質評定2-D11、7-H10或綿羊抗RYK mAb之結合。將各重組蛋白轉印至尼龍膜上,用2-D11、7-H10或綿羊抗RYK探測,並用與辣根過氧化酶結合之抗小鼠IgG或驢抗綿羊抗體偵測。黑點表示抗體結合之陽性信號。如圖4中所見,綿羊抗Ryk與人類或小鼠Ryk反應,而2-D11或7-H10各與人類Ryk反應,但不與小鼠Ryk反應。另外,2-D11或7-H10與在人類Ryk序列與小鼠Ryk序列不同之特定位點處帶有胺基酸取代之各突變形式之人類Ryk反應;此等重組蛋白各自之胺基酸序列提供於圖3中。
以上提及之mAb 2-D11具有圖5A中所示之重鏈可變區序列且2-D11之輕鏈可變區序列提供於圖5B中。以上提及之mAb 7-H10具有圖6A中所示之重鏈可變區序列且2-D11之輕鏈可變區序列提供於圖6B中。此等圖中亦分別呈現序列同源性最接近2-D11或7-H10之小鼠生殖系重鏈可變區基因(圖5A、圖6A)或小鼠生殖系輕鏈可變區基因(圖5B、圖6B)。
2-D11或7-H10與人類Ryk之KinExA結合資料提供於圖7中。計算的2-D11對人類Ryk之Kd係512.9 pM;計算的7-H10對人類Ryk之Kd係10.56 nM。
2-D11 mAb與螢光染料(Alexa 647)結合且使用經結合之mAb對已確定之腫瘤細胞株染色。空心直方圖描繪經具有不相關特異性之對照螢光染料結合之mAb染色的細胞株之螢光強度(圖8)。帶陰影之直方圖描繪經2-D11-螢光染料結合之mAb染色的細胞之螢光。提供腫瘤細胞株之代表性染色,顯示相對於用不結合此等細胞的具有不相關特異性之螢光染料結合之『對照mAb』處理的細胞,呈「++」染色(對於BT549),「+」染色(對於HT29)或者無染色或「neg」(對於SK-MES-1)。此等經對照mAb染色之細胞具有與未染色細胞相同之螢光。
表 1提供有關經螢光染料結合之2-D11染色的各種癌症細胞株之流式細胞分析資料,如圖8中所描繪。各細胞株之名稱列於第一欄中且起源組織列於第二欄中。藉由流式細胞分析染色及分析,藉由在冰上用5 µg/ml 2-D11抗人類RYK-Alexa647結合之mAb或等量同型相配之對照mAb染色20分鐘,洗滌並分析,來評定2-D11 mAb與人類RYK之結合。經2-D11染色之細胞的中值螢光強度(MFI)列於中間一欄中且經同型對照染色之細胞的MFI列於相鄰一欄中。細胞株基於經染色細胞之中值螢光強度(MFI)相對於同型對照染色之細胞之MFI的比率(MFIR)評為「++」、「+」或neg(未標記「+」)。
圖9提供有關各欄頂部所指示的成人血液、臍帶血(N=2)、扁桃體(N=2)或脾臟中所見淋巴細胞的螢光染料結合之2-D11染色的流式細胞分析資料。空心直方圖表示用具有不相關特異性的螢光染料結合之mAb染色(對照染色)代替2-D11染色的細胞。帶陰影之直方圖屬於經2-D11染色之細胞。細胞亦用與具有不同顏色之螢光染料結合的mAb染色,該mAb對CD19或CD3具有特異性。頂列提供有關經閘控CD19+ B細胞之資料,中間列提供有關經閘控CD3+ T細胞之資料,且底部列提供有關不與對CD19或CD3具有特異性之mAb結合之細胞(NK細胞)的資料。如自此等資料所見,2-D11不與正常人類淋巴細胞反應。
圖10顯示原發性人類乳癌細胞之2-D11的代表性染色。圖10中染色之細胞係解離的由患者源性異種移植(PDX)製備之單細胞,該等異種移植物係藉由將自轉移性乳癌患者取出之三陰性(ER/PR-、HER2-)乳房腺癌組織移植至移植缺陷而產生。
表
表1.利用抗人類RYK mAb進行的癌症細胞株之流式細胞分析染色分析。
各細胞株之名稱列於第一欄中且起源組織列於第二欄中。2-D11 mAb與人類RYK之結合係藉由流式細胞分析染色及分析,藉由在冰上用5 ug/ml 2-D11抗人類RYK-Alexa647結合之mAb或等量同型相配之對照mAb染色20分鐘,洗滌並分析來評定。經2-D11染色之細胞的中值螢光強度(MFI)列於中間一欄中且經同型對照染色之細胞的MFI列於相鄰一欄中。細胞株基於經染色細胞之中值螢光強度(MFI)相對於同型對照染色之細胞之MFI的比率(MFIR)評為「++」、「+」或neg(未標記「+」)。
參考文獻
名稱 | 組織 | 2011 MFI | 同位素 MFI | 2-D11 MFIR |
NALM6 | ALL* | 7.3 | 5.7 | 1.3 |
REH | ALL* | 7.6 | 7.4 | 1.0 |
T24 + | 膀胱 | 119 | 72.6 | 1.6 |
HS683++ | 腦 | 576 | 229 | 2.5 |
SH-SY5Y + | 腦 | 8.1 | 4.1 | 2.0 |
BT549++ | 乳房 | 777 | 197 | 3.9 |
HS-578T++ | 乳房 | 20 | 7.3 | 2.7 |
T47-D + | 乳房 | 50.9 | 25.7 | 2.0 |
SKBR3 + | 乳房 | 117 | 73.9 | 1.6 |
MCF7 | 乳房 | 7.4 | 5.2 | 1.4 |
MDA-MB-231 | 乳房 | 9.2 | 8.3 | 1.1 |
RAMOS | 伯基特氏NHL* | 6.5 | 6.1 | 1.1 |
RAJI | 伯基特氏NHL* | 6.6 | 6.4 | 1.0 |
MEC1 | CLL* | 4.8 | 4.3 | 1.1 |
K562 + | CML* | 4.2 | 2.8 | 1.5 |
HT29 ++ | 結腸 | 224 | 100 | 2.2 |
SW620 | 結腸 | 6.5 | 5.6 | 1.2 |
SW948 | 結腸 | 32.8 | 30.7 | 1.1 |
A673 + | 尤文氏肉瘤* | 79.4 | 52 | 1.5 |
H446++ | 肺 | 59.9 | 23.3 | 2.6 |
NCI H226 + | 肺 | 12 | 6 | 2.0 |
H460 + | 肺 | 86.1 | 58 | 1.5 |
A549 + | 肺 | 7.1 | 4.8 | 1.5 |
H292 | 肺 | 139 | 107 | 1.3 |
NCI H1155 | 肺 | 7.9 | 6.2 | 1.3 |
SK-MES-1 | 肺 | 174 | 156 | 1.1 |
U937 | 單核球癌* | 8.2 | 6.7 | 1.2 |
MINO + | 套細胞 | 15 | 7.6 | 2.0 |
JEKO | 套細胞 | 5.2 | 3.9 | 1.3 |
COLO 829 ++ | 黑素瘤 | 16 | 6.9 | 2.3 |
NCI H929 | 黑素瘤 | 52.6 | 43.8 | 1.2 |
EW36 | NHL* | 6.4 | 5.6 | 1.1 |
OVCAR4 + | 卵巢 | 128 | 61 | 2.1 |
HELA | 卵巢 | 6.8 | 6.1 | 1.1 |
SK-OV-3 | 卵巢 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 1.1 |
CAPAN-1 + | 胰臟 | 130 | 86.9 | 1.5 |
CAPAN-2 | 胰臟 | 5.9 | 4.7 | 1.3 |
DU-145 | 前列腺 | 4 | 3.2 | 1.3 |
PC3 | 前列腺 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 1.2 |
HT144 + | 皮膚 | 203 | 126 | 1.6 |
SK-MEL-2 | 皮膚 | 7.7 | 7 | 1.1 |
JURKAT | T細胞ALL* | 6.5 | 5.7 | 1.1 |
MOLT4 | T細胞ALL* | 4.8 | 5.1 | 0.9 |
圖例: | 染色++ |
染色+ | |
無染色 |
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8. Lyu, J., Yamamoto, V.& Lu, W. Cleavage of the Wnt receptor Ryk regulates neuronal differentiation during cortical neurogenesis.
Dev Cell 15, 773-780 (2008).
9. Halford, M.M.
, et al.Ryk-deficient mice exhibit craniofacial defects associated with perturbed Eph receptor crosstalk.
Nat Genet 25, 414-418 (2000).
10. Blakely, B.D.
, et al.Ryk, a receptor regulating Wnt5a-mediated neurogenesis and axon morphogenesis of ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons.
Stem Cells Dev 22, 2132-2144 (2013).
11. Kugathasan, K.
, et al.Deficiency of the Wnt receptor Ryk causes multiple cardiac and outflow tract defects.
Growth Factors 36, 58-68 (2018).
12. Famili, F.
, et al.The non-canonical Wnt receptor Ryk regulates hematopoietic stem cell repopulation in part by controlling proliferation and apoptosis.
Cell Death Dis 7, e2479 (2016).
13. Adamo, A.
, et al.RYK promotes the stemness of glioblastoma cells via the WNT/ beta-catenin pathway.
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14. Borcherding, N.
, et al.Paracrine WNT5A Signaling Inhibits Expansion of Tumor-Initiating Cells.
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15. Kessenbrock, K.
, et al.Diverse regulation of mammary epithelial growth and branching morphogenesis through noncanonical Wnt signaling.
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16. Fu, Y., Chen, Y., Huang, J., Cai, Z.& Wang, Y. RYK, a receptor of noncanonical Wnt ligand Wnt5a, is positively correlated with gastric cancer tumorigenesis and potential of liver metastasis.
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非正式序列表
SEQ ID NO:1 2-D11 CDR H1
GFSLNDYG
SEQ ID NO:2 2-D11 CDR H2
IWGDGVT
SEQ ID NO:3 2-D11 CDR H3
QGSGVWFAH
SEQ ID NO:4 2-D11 CDR L1
QTIVHSNGNTY
SEQ ID NO:5 2-D11 CDR L2
KVS
SEQ ID NO:6 2-D11 CDR L3
FQGSHVPYT
SEQ ID NO:7 2-D11 FR H1
QVQLKESGPGLVAPSQSLSITCSVS
SEQ ID NO: 8 2-D11 FR H2
VNWVRQPPGKDLEWLGM
SEQ ID NO:9 2-D11 FR H3
EYNSTLKSRLSISKDNSKSQVFLKMNNLQTEDTARYYCVR
SEQ ID NO:10 2-D11 FR H4
WGQGTLVSVSS
SEQ ID NO:11 2-D11 FR L1
DVLVTQTPLSLPVSLGDQASISCRSS
SEQ ID NO:12 2-D11 FR L2
LEWYLQKPGQSPKLLIY
SEQ ID NO:13 2-D11 FR L3
NRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDLGIYYC
SEQ ID NO:14 2-D11 FR L4
FGGGTKLEIK
SEQ ID NO:15 2-D11 VH
QVQLKESGPGLVAPSQSLSITCSVSGFSLNDYGVNWVRQPPGKDLEWLGMIWGDGVTEYNSTLKSRLSISKDNSKSQVFLKMNNLQTEDTARYYCVRQGSGVWFAHWGQGTLVSVSS
SEQ ID NO:16 2-D11 VL
DVLVTQTPLSLPVSLGDQASISCRSSQTIVHSNGNTYLEWYLQKPGQSPKLLIYKVSNRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDLGIYYCFQGSHVPYTFGGGTKLEIK
SEQ ID NO:17 7-H10 CDR H1
GYIFTNYD
SEQ ID NO:18 7-H10 CDR H2
IFPGDDST
SEQ ID NO:19 7-H10 CDR H3
YHYYGSSLGWSFDV
SEQ ID NO:20 7-H10 CDR L1
SRISSIN
SEQ ID NO:21 7-H10 CDR L2
GTS
SEQ ID NO:22 7-H10 CDR L3
QQWSSYPYT
SEQ ID NO:23 7-H10 FR H1
QVQLQQSGAELAKPGTSVKLSCKAS
SEQ ID NO:24 7-H10 FR H2
INWVRQRPEQGLEWIGW
SEQ ID NO:25 7-H10 FR H3
KYNEKFEGKAALTTDKSSNTAYIQLSRLTSGDSAVYFCTR
SEQ ID NO:26 7-H10 FR H4
WGAGTSVTVSS
SEQ ID NO:27 7-H10 FR L1
EIVLTQSPALMAASPGEKVTITCSVS
SEQ ID NO:28 7-H10 FR L2
LHWYQQKSETSPKTWIY
SEQ ID NO:29 7-H10 FR L3
NLASGVPSRFSGSGSGTSYSLTISNMEAEDAATYYC
SEQ ID NO:30 7-H10 FR L4
FGGGTKVEIK
SEQ ID NO:31 7-H10 VH
QVQLQQSGAELAKPGTSVKLSCKASGYIFTNYDINWVRQRPEQGLEWIGWIFPGDDSTKYNEKFEGKAALTTDKSSNTAYIQLSRLTSGDSAVYFCTRYHYYGSSLGWSFDVWGAGTSVTVSS
SEQ ID NO:32 7-H10 VL
EIVLTQSPALMAASPGEKVTITCSVSSRISSINLHWYQQKSETSPKTWIYGTSNLASGVPSRFSGSGSGTSYSLTISNMEAEDAATYYCQQWSSYPYTFGGGTKVEIK
SEQ ID NO:33 11-E9 CDR H1
GFSLNGYG
SEQ ID NO:34 11-E9 CDR H2
IWGDGIT
SEQ ID NO:35 11-E9 CDR H3
QGSGVWFAY
SEQ ID NO:36 11-E9 CDR L1
QTIVHSNGNTY
SEQ ID NO:37 11-E9 CDR L2
KVS
SEQ ID NO:38 11-E9 CDR L3
FQGSHVPYT
SEQ ID NO:39 11-E9 FR H1
QVQLKESGPGLVAPSQSLSITCTVS
SEQ ID NO:40 11-E9 FR H2
VNWVRQPPGKDLEWLGM
SEQ ID NO:41 11-E9 FR H3
EFNSALKSRLSISKDNSKSQVFLKMNSLQTEDTARYYCVR
SEQ ID NO:42 11-E9 FR H4
WGQGTLS
SEQ ID NO:43 11-E9 FR L1
DVLVTQTPLSLPVSLGDQASISCRSS
SEQ ID NO:44 11-E9 FR L2
LEWYLQKPGQSPKLLIY
SEQ ID NO:45 11-E9 FR L3
NRFCGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDLGVYYC
SEQ ID NO:46 11-E9 FR L4
FGGGTKLEIK
SEQ ID NO:47 11-E9 VH
QVQLKESGPGLVAPSQSLSITCTVSGFSLNGYGVNWVRQPPGKDLEWLGMIWGDGITEFNSALKSRLSISKDNSKSQVFLKMNSLQTEDTARYYCVRQGSGVWFAYWGQGTLS
SEQ ID NO:48 11-E9 VL
DVLVTQTPLSLPVSLGDQASISCRSSQTIVHSNGNTYLEWYLQKPGQSPKLLIYKVSNRFCGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDLGVYYCFQGSHVPYTFGGGTKLEIK
SEQ ID NO:49 3-C12 CDR H1
GFSLNGYG
SEQ ID NO:50 3-C12 CDR H2
IWGDGIT
SEQ ID NO:51 3-C12 CDR H3
QGSGVWFAY
SEQ ID NO:52 3-C12 CDR L1
QTIVHSNGNTY
SEQ ID NO:53 3-C12 CDR L2
KVS
SEQ ID NO:54 3-C12 CDR L3
FQGSHVPYT
SEQ ID NO:55 3-C12 FR H1
QVQLKESGPGLVAPSQSLSITCTVS
SEQ ID NO:56 3-C12 FR H2
VNWVRQPPGKDLEWLGM
SEQ ID NO:57 3-C12 FR H3
EFNSALKSRLSISKDNSKSQVFLKMNSLQTEDTARYYCVR
SEQ ID NO:58 3-C12 FR H4
WGQGTLVS
SEQ ID NO:59 3-C12 FR L1
DVLVTQTPLSLPVSLGDQASISCRSS
SEQ ID NO:60 3-C12 FR L2
LEWYLQKPGQSPKLLIY
SEQ ID NO:61 3-C12 FR L3
NRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDLGVYYC
SEQ ID NO:62 3-C12 FR L4
FGGGTKLEIK
SEQ ID NO:63 3-C12 VH
QVQLKESGPGLVAPSQSLSITCTVSGFSLNGYGVNWVRQPPGKDLEWLGMIWGDGITEFNSALKSRLSISKDNSKSQVFLKMNSLQTEDTARYYCVRQGSGVWFAYWGQGTLVS
SEQ ID NO:64 3-C12 VL
DVLVTQTPLSLPVSLGDQASISCRSSQTIVHSNGNTYLEWYLQKPGQSPKLLIYKVSNRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDLGVYYCFQGSHVPYTFGGGTKLEIK
SEQ ID NO:65 2-D11 CDR H1核苷酸
GGGTTCTCATTAAACGACTATGGT
SEQ ID NO:66 2-D11 CDR H2核苷酸
ATTTGGGGTGATGGAGTCACA
SEQID NO:67 2-D11 CDR H3核苷酸
GTCAGACAGGGGTCTGGTGTCTGGTTTGCTCAC
SEQ ID NO:68 2-D11 CDR L1核苷酸
CAGACCATTGTACATAGTAATGGAAACACGTAT
SEQ ID NO:69 2-D11 CDR L2核苷酸
AAAGTTTCC
SEQ ID NO:70 2-D11 CDR L3核苷酸
TTTCAAGGTTCACATGTTCCGTACACG
SEQ ID NO:71 2-D11 FR H1核苷酸
CAGGTGCAGCTGAAGGAGTCAGGACCTGGCCTGGTGGCGCCCTCACAGAGCCTGTCCATCACATGTTCCGTCTCA
SEQ ID NO:72 2-D11 FR H2核苷酸
GTAAATTGGGTTCGCCAGCCTCCAGGAAAGGATCTGGAGTGGCTGGGAATG
SEQ ID NO:73 2-D11 FR H3核苷酸
GAGTATAATTCAACTCTCAAATCCAGACTGAGCATCAGCAAGGACAACTCCAAGAGCCAAGTTTTCTTAAAAATGAACAATCTGCAAACTGAAGACACAGCCAGGTACTACTGT
SEQ ID NO:74 2-D11 FR H4核苷酸
TGGGGCCAAGGGACTCTGGTCAGTGTCTCTTCA
SEQ ID NO:75 2-D11 FR L1核苷酸
GATGTTTTGGTGACCCAAACTCCACTCTCCCTGCCTGTCAGTCTTGGAGATCAAGCCTCCATCTCTTGCAGATCTAGT
SEQ ID NO:76 2-D11 FR L2核苷酸
TTAGAATGGTACCTGCAGAAACCAGGCCAGTCTCCAAAGCTCCTAATCTAC
SEQ ID NO:77 2-D11 FR L3核苷酸
AACCGATTTTCTGGGGTCCCAGACAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGCACAGATTTCACACTCAAGATCAGCAGAGTGGAGGCTGAGGATCTGGGAATTTATTACTGC
SEQ ID NO:78 2-D11 FR L4核苷酸
TTCGGAGGGGGGACCAAGCTGGAAATAAAA
SEQ ID NO:79 2-D11 VH核苷酸
CAGGTGCAGCTGAAGGAGTCAGGACCTGGCCTGGTGGCGCCCTCACAGAGCCTGTCCATCACATGTTCCGTCTCAGGGTTCTCATTAAACGACTATGGTGTAAATTGGGTTCGCCAGCCTCCAGGAAAGGATCTGGAGTGGCTGGGAATGATTTGGGGTGATGGAGTCACAGAGTATAATTCAACTCTCAAATCCAGACTGAGCATCAGCAAGGACAACTCCAAGAGCCAAGTTTTCTTAAAAATGAACAATCTGCAAACTGAAGACACAGCCAGGTACTACTGTGTCAGACAGGGGTCTGGTGTCTGGTTTGCTCACTGGGGCCAAGGGACTCTGGTCAGTGTCTCTTCA
SEQ ID NO:80 2-D11 VL核苷酸
GATGTTTTGGTGACCCAAACTCCACTCTCCCTGCCTGTCAGTCTTGGAGATCAAGCCTCCATCTCTTGCAGATCTAGTCAGACCATTGTACATAGTAATGGAAACACGTATTTAGAATGGTACCTGCAGAAACCAGGCCAGTCTCCAAAGCTCCTAATCTACAAAGTTTCCAACCGATTTTCTGGGGTCCCAGACAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGCACAGATTTCACACTCAAGATCAGCAGAGTGGAGGCTGAGGATCTGGGAATTTATTACTGCTTTCAAGGTTCACATGTTCCGTACACGTTCGGAGGGGGGACCAAGCTGGAAATAAAA
SEQ ID NO:81 7-H10 CDR H1核苷酸
GGCTACATCTTCACAAACTATGAT
SEQ ID NO:82 7-H10 CDR H2核苷酸
ATTTTTCCTGGAGATGATAGTACT
SEQ ID NO:83 7-H10 CDR H3核苷酸
ACAAGATATCATTACTACGGTAGTTCCTTGGGGTGGTCCTTCGATGTC
SEQ ID NO:84 7-H10 CDR L1核苷酸
TCAAGAATAAGTTCCATTAAC
SEQ ID NO:85 7-H10 CDR L2核苷酸
GGCACATCC
SEQ ID NO:86 7-H10 CDR L3核苷酸
CAACAGTGGAGTAGTTATCCGTACACG
SEQ ID NO:87 7-H10 FR H1核苷酸
CAGGTTCAGCTGCAGCAGTCTGGAGCTGAACTGGCAAAGCCTGGGACTTCAGTGAAATTGTCCTGCAAGGCTTCT
SEQ ID NO:88 7-H10 FR H2核苷酸
ATAAACTGGGTGAGGCAGAGGCCTGAACAGGGACTTGAGTGGATTGGATGG
SEQ ID NO:89 7-H10 FR H3核苷酸
AAGTACAATGAGAAATTCGAGGGCAAGGCCGCACTGACTACAGACAAGTCCTCCAACACAGCCTACATACAACTCAGCAGACTGACATCTGGGGACTCAGCTGTCTATTTCTGT
SEQ ID NO:90 7-H10 FR H4核苷酸
TGGGGCGCAGGGACCTCGGTCACCGTCTCCTCA
SEQ ID NO:91 7-H10 FR L1核苷酸
GAAATTGTGCTCACCCAGTCTCCAGCACTCATGGCTGCATCTCCAGGGGAGAAGGTCACCATCACCTGCAGTGTCAGT
SEQ ID NO:92 7-H10 FR L2核苷酸
TTGCACTGGTACCAGCAGAAGTCAGAAACCTCCCCCAAAACCTGGATTTAT
SEQ ID NO:93 7-H10 FR L3核苷酸
AACCTGGCTTCTGGAGTCCCTAGTCGCTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCTGGGACCTCTTATTCTCTCACAATCAGCAACATGGAGGCTGAAGATGCTGCCACTTATTACTGT
SEQ ID NO:94 7-H10 FR L4核苷酸
TTCGGAGGGGGGACCAAGGTGGAAATAAAA
SEQ ID NO:95 7-H10 VH核苷酸
CAGGTTCAGCTGCAGCAGTCTGGAGCTGAACTGGCAAAGCCTGGGACTTCAGTGAAATTGTCCTGCAAGGCTTCTGGCTACATCTTCACAAACTATGATATAAACTGGGTGAGGCAGAGGCCTGAACAGGGACTTGAGTGGATTGGATGGATTTTTCCTGGAGATGATAGTACTAAGTACAATGAGAAATTCGAGGGCAAGGCCGCACTGACTACAGACAAGTCCTCCAACACAGCCTACATACAACTCAGCAGACTGACATCTGGGGACTCAGCTGTCTATTTCTGTACAAGATATCATTACTACGGTAGTTCCTTGGGGTGGTCCTTCGATGTCTGGGGCGCAGGGACCTCGGTCACCGTCTCCTCA
SEQ ID NO:96 7-H10 VL核苷酸
GAAATTGTGCTCACCCAGTCTCCAGCACTCATGGCTGCATCTCCAGGGGAGAAGGTCACCATCACCTGCAGTGTCAGTTCAAGAATAAGTTCCATTAACTTGCACTGGTACCAGCAGAAGTCAGAAACCTCCCCCAAAACCTGGATTTATGGCACATCCAACCTGGCTTCTGGAGTCCCTAGTCGCTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCTGGGACCTCTTATTCTCTCACAATCAGCAACATGGAGGCTGAAGATGCTGCCACTTATTACTGTCAACAGTGGAGTAGTTATCCGTACACGTTCGGAGGGGGGACCAAGGTGGAAATAAAA
SEQ ID NO:97 11-E9 CDR H1核苷酸
GGGTTCTCATTAAACGGCTATGGT
SEQ ID NO:98: 11-E9 CDR H2核苷酸
ATCTGGGGTGATGGAATCACA
SEQ ID NO:99 11-E9 CDR H3核苷酸
GTCAGACAGGGGTCTGGTGTCTGGTTTGCTTAC
SEQ ID NO:100 11-E9 CDR L1核苷酸
CAGACCATTGTACATAGTAATGGAAACACCTAT
SEQ ID NO:101 11-E9 CDR L2核苷酸
AAAGTTTCC
SEQ ID NO:102 11-E9 CDR L3核苷酸
TTTCAAGGTTCACATGTTCCGTACACG
SEQ ID NO:103 11-E9 FR H1核苷酸
CAGGTGCAGCTGAAGGAGTCAGGACCTGGCCTGGTGGCGCCCTCACAGAGCCTGTCCATCACATGTACCGTCTCA
SEQ ID NO:104 11-E9 FR H2核苷酸
GTAAACTGGGTTCGCCAGCCTCCAGGAAAGGATCTGGAGTGGCTGGGAATG
SEQ ID NO:105 11-E9 FR H3核苷酸
GAGTTTAATTCAGCTCTCAAATCCAGACTGAGCATCAGCAAGGACAACTCCAAGAGCCAAGTTTTCTTAAAAATGAACAGTCTGCAAACTGAAGACACAGCCAGGTACTACTGT
SEQ ID NO:106 11-E9 FR H4核苷酸
TGGGGCCAAGGGACTCTGTCA
SEQ ID NO:107 11-E9 FR L1核苷酸
GATGTTTTGGTGACCCAAACTCCACTCTCCCTGCCTGTCAGTCTTGGAGATCAAGCCTCCATCTCTTGCAGATCTAGT
SEQ ID NO:108 11-E9 FR L2核苷酸
TTAGAATGGTACCTGCAGAAACCAGGCCAGTCTCCAAAGCTCTTGATTTAC
SEQ ID NO:109 11-E9 FR L3核苷酸
AACCGATTTTGTGGGGTCCCAGACAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGCACAGATTTCACACTCAAGATCAGCAGAGTGGAGGCTGAGGATCTGGGAGTTTATTACTGC
SEQ ID NO:110 11-E9 FR L4核苷酸
TTCGGAGGGGGGACCAAGCTGGAAATAAAA
SEQ ID NO:111 11-E9 VH核苷酸
CAGGTGCAGCTGAAGGAGTCAGGACCTGGCCTGGTGGCGCCCTCACAGAGCCTGTCCATCACATGTACCGTCTCAGGGTTCTCATTAAACGGCTATGGTGTAAACTGGGTTCGCCAGCCTCCAGGAAAGGATCTGGAGTGGCTGGGAATGATCTGGGGTGATGGAATCACAGAGTTTAATTCAGCTCTCAAATCCAGACTGAGCATCAGCAAGGACAACTCCAAGAGCCAAGTTTTCTTAAAAATGAACAGTCTGCAAACTGAAGACACAGCCAGGTACTACTGTGTCAGACAGGGGTCTGGTGTCTGGTTTGCTTACTGGGGCCAAGGGACTCTGTCA
SEQ ID NO:112 11-E9 VL核苷酸
GATGTTTTGGTGACCCAAACTCCACTCTCCCTGCCTGTCAGTCTTGGAGATCAAGCCTCCATCTCTTGCAGATCTAGTCAGACCATTGTACATAGTAATGGAAACACCTATTTAGAATGGTACCTGCAGAAACCAGGCCAGTCTCCAAAGCTCTTGATTTACAAAGTTTCCAACCGATTTTGTGGGGTCCCAGACAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGCACAGATTTCACACTCAAGATCAGCAGAGTGGAGGCTGAGGATCTGGGAGTTTATTACTGCTTTCAAGGTTCACATGTTCCGTACACGTTCGGAGGGGGGACCAAGCTGGAAATAAAA
SEQ ID NO:113 3-C12 CDR H1核苷酸
GGGTTCTCATTAAACGGCTATGGT
SEQ ID NO:114 3-C12 CDR H2核苷酸
ATCTGGGGTGATGGAATCACA
SEQ ID NO:115 3-C12 CDR H3核苷酸
CAGGGGTCTGGTGTCTGGTTTGCTTAC
SEQ ID NO:116 3-C12 CDR L1核苷酸
CAGACCATTGTACATAGTAATGGAAACACCTAT
SEQ ID NO:117 3-C12 CDR L2核苷酸
AAAGTTTCC
SEQ ID NO:118 3-C12 CDR L3核苷酸
TTTCAAGGTTCACATGTTCCGTACACG
SEQ ID NO:119 3-C12 FR H1核苷酸
CAGGTGCAGCTGAAGGAGTCAGGACCTGGCCTGGTGGCGCCCTCACAGAGCCTGTCCATCACATGTACCGTCTCA
SEQ ID NO:120 3-C12 FR H2核苷酸
GTAAACTGGGTTCGCCAGCCTCCAGGAAAGGATCTGGAGTGGCTGGGAATG
SEQ ID NO:121 3-C12 FR H3核苷酸
GAGTTTAATTCAGCTCTCAAATCCAGACTGAGCATCAGCAAGGACAACTCCAAGAGCCAAGTTTTCTTAAAAATGAACAGTCTGCAAACTGAAGACACAGCCAGGTACTACTGTGTCAGA
SEQ ID NO:122 3-C12 FR H4核苷酸
TGGGGCCAAGGGACTCTGGTCAGT
SEQ ID NO:123 3-C12 FR L1核苷酸
GATGTTTTGGTGACCCAAACTCCACTCTCCCTGCCTGTCAGTCTTGGAGATCAAGCCTCCATCTCTTGCAGATCTAGT
SEQ ID NO:124 3-C12 FR L2核苷酸
TTAGAATGGTACCTGCAGAAACCAGGCCAGTCTCCAAAGCTCCTGATTTAC
SEQ ID NO:125 3-C12 FR L3核苷酸
AACCGATTTTCTGGGGTCCCAGACAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGCACAGATTTCACACTCAAGATCAGCAGAGTGGAGGCTGAGGATCTGGGAGTTTATTACTGC
SEQ ID NO:126 3-C12 FR L4核苷酸
TTCGGAGGGGGGACCAAGCTGGAAATAAAA
SEQ ID NO:127 3-C12 VH核苷酸
CAGGTGCAGCTGAAGGAGTCAGGACCTGGCCTGGTGGCGCCCTCACAGAGCCTGTCCATCACATGTACCGTCTCAGGGTTCTCATTAAACGGCTATGGTGTAAACTGGGTTCGCCAGCCTCCAGGAAAGGATCTGGAGTGGCTGGGAATGATCTGGGGTGATGGAATCACAGAGTTTAATTCAGCTCTCAAATCCAGACTGAGCATCAGCAAGGACAACTCCAAGAGCCAAGTTTTCTTAAAAATGAACAGTCTGCAAACTGAAGACACAGCCAGGTACTACTGTGTCAGACAGGGGTCTGGTGTCTGGTTTGCTTACTGGGGCCAAGGGACTCTGGTCAGT
SEQ ID NO:128 3-C12 VL核苷酸
GATGTTTTGGTGACCCAAACTCCACTCTCCCTGCCTGTCAGTCTTGGAGATCAAGCCTCCATCTCTTGCAGATCTAGTCAGACCATTGTACATAGTAATGGAAACACCTATTTAGAATGGTACCTGCAGAAACCAGGCCAGTCTCCAAAGCTCCTGATTTACAAAGTTTCCAACCGATTTTCTGGGGTCCCAGACAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGGCACAGATTTCACACTCAAGATCAGCAGAGTGGAGGCTGAGGATCTGGGAGTTTATTACTGCTTTCAAGGTTCACATGTTCCGTACACGTTCGGAGGGGGGACCAAGCTGGAAATAAAA
SEQ ID NO:129 人類RYK細胞外域之胺基酸1-181
MRGAARLGRPGRSCLPGARGLRAPPPPPLLLLLALLPLLPAPGAAAAPAPRPPELQSASAGPSVSLYLSEDEVRRLIGLDAELYYVRNDLISHYALSFSLLVPSETNFLHFTWHAKSKVEYKLGFQVDNVLAMDMPQVNISVQGEVPRTLSVFRVELSCTGKVDSEVMILMQLNLTVNSSK
SEQ ID NO:130 人類RYK細胞外域之胺基酸48-57
PAPRPPELQS
SEQ ID NO:131 小鼠RYK細胞外域
MRAGRGGVPGSGGLRAPPPPLLLLLLAMLPAAAPRSPALAAAPAGPSVSLYLSEDEVRRLLGLDAELYYVRNDLISHYALSFNLLVPSETNFLHFTWHAKSKVEYKLGFQVDNFVAMGMPQVNISAQGEVPRTLSVFRVELSCTGKVDSEVMILMQLNLTVNSSKNFTVLNFKRRKMCYKKLEEVKTSALDKNTSRTIYDPVHAAPTTSTRVFY
SEQ ID NO:132 人類RYK細胞外域
mrgaarlgrpgrsclpgarglrappppplllllallpllpapgaaaapaprppelqsasagpsvslylsedevrrligldaelyyvrndlishyalsfsllvpsetnflhftwhakskveyklgfqvdnvlamdmpqvnisvqgevprtlsvfrvelsctgkvdsevmilmqlnltvnssknftvlnfkrrkmcykkleevktsaldkntsrtiydpvhaapttstrvfy
SEQ ID NO:133 小鼠IGHV2-6
QVQLKESGPGLVAPSQSLSITCTVSGFSLTGYGVNWVRQPPGKGLEWLGMIWGDGSTDYNSALKSRLSISKDNSKSQVFLKMNSLQTDDTARYYCAR
SEQ ID NO:134 小鼠IGKV1-117
DVLMTQTPLSLPVSLGDQASISCRSSQSIVHSNGNTYLEWYLQKPGQSPKLLIYKVSNRFSGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDLGVYYCFQGSHVP
SEQ ID NO:135 小鼠IGHV1-85
QVQLQQSGPELVKPGASVKLSCKASGYTFTSYDINWVKQRPGQGLEWIGWIYPRDGSTKYNEKFKGKATLTVDTSSSTAYMELHSLTSEDSAVYFCAR
SEQ ID NO:136 小鼠IGKV4-53
EIVLTQSPALMAASPGEKVTITCSVSSSISSSNLHWYQQKSETSPKPWIYGTSNLASGVPVRFSGSGSGTSYSLTISSMEAEDAATYYCQQWSSYPL
P實施例
P 實施例 1.一種抗受體相關酪胺酸激酶(Ryk)抗體,其包括重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包括:如SEQ ID NO:1中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:2中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:3中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包括:如SEQ ID NO:4中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:5中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 6中所示之CDR L3。
P 實施例 2.如P實施例1之抗體,其中該重鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 21之序列。
P 實施例 3.如P實施例1或2之抗體,其中該輕鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 22之序列。
P 實施例 4.一種抗受體相關酪胺酸激酶(Ryk)抗體,其包括重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包括:如SEQ ID NO:7中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:8中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:9中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包括:如SEQ ID NO:10中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:11中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 12中所示之CDR L3。
P 實施例 5.如P實施例4之抗體,其中該重鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 31之序列。
P 實施例 6.如P實施例4或5之抗體,其中該重鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 32之序列。
P 實施例 7.一種治療有需要之受試者之癌症的方法,該方法包括向受試者投予治療有效量的如P實施例1至6中之任一項之抗體。
實施例
實施例 1.一種抗RYK抗體,其包括輕鏈可變域及重鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:1中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:2中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:3中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:4中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:5中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 6中所示之CDR L3。
實施例 2.如實施例1之抗RYK抗體,其中該重鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 15之序列。
實施例 3.如實施例1至2中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該輕鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 16之序列。
實施例 4.如實施例1至3中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約2 nM之KD。
實施例 5.如實施例1至4中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體具有約513 pM之KD。
實施例 6.一種抗RYK抗體,其包括輕鏈可變域及重鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:17中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:18中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:19中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:20中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:21中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO:22中所示之CDR L3。
實施例 7.如實施例6之抗RYK抗體,其中該重鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 31之序列。
實施例 8.如實施例6至7中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該輕鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 32之序列。
實施例 9.如實施例6至8中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約17 nM之KD。
實施例 10.如實施例6至9中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體具有約10 nM之KD。
實施例 11.一種抗RYK抗體,其包括輕鏈可變域及重鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:33中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:34中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:35中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:36中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:37中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 38中所示之CDR L3。
實施例 12.如實施例11之抗RYK抗體,其中該重鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 47之序列。
實施例 13.如實施例11至12中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該輕鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 48之序列。
實施例 14.一種抗RYK抗體,其包括輕鏈可變域及重鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:49中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:50中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:51中所示之CDR H3;且其中該輕鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:52中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:53中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 54中所示之CDR L3。
實施例 15.如實施例14之抗RYK抗體,其中該重鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 63之序列。
實施例 16.如實施例14至15中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該輕鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 64之序列。
實施例 17.如實施例1至16中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體係嵌合抗體。
實施例 18.如實施例1至17中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體係Fab'片段。
實施例 19.如實施例1至18中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體係IgG。
實施例 20.如實施例1至17中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該輕鏈可變域與該重鏈可變域形成scFv之一部分。
實施例 21.如實施例1至20中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體能夠結合RYK蛋白質。
實施例 22.如實施例1至21中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體結合細胞外RYK域。
實施例 23.如實施例1至22中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體結合包括SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸序列的細胞外RYK域。
實施例 24.如實施例1至23中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體結合對應於SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸殘基48至57的胺基酸序列。
實施例 25.如實施例1至21中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體結合至RYK蛋白質。
實施例 26.如實施例21至25中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該RYK蛋白質係人類RYK蛋白質。
實施例 27.如實施例21至26中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該RYK蛋白質包括SEQ ID NO: 130之序列。
實施例 28.如實施例21至27中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該RYK蛋白質不結合至小鼠RYK蛋白質。
實施例 29.如實施例21至28中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體不結合包括對應於SEQ ID NO:131之胺基酸殘基32至41之胺基酸序列的RYK蛋白質。
實施例 30.如實施例25至28之抗RYK抗體,其中該RYK蛋白質形成細胞之一部分。
實施例 31.如實施例21至30中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該RYK蛋白質係在細胞之表面上表現。
實施例 32.一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包括以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包括如SEQ ID NO:1中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:2中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:3中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;以及包括如SEQ ID NO:4中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:5中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 6中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
實施例 33.一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包括以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包括如SEQ ID NO:17中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:18中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:19中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;以及包括如SEQ ID NO:20中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:21中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 22中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
實施例 34.一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包括以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包括如SEQ ID NO:33中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:34中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:35中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;以及包括如SEQ ID NO:36中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:37中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 38中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
實施例 35.一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包括以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包括如SEQ ID NO:49中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:50中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:51中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;以及包括如SEQ ID NO:52中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:53中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 54中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
實施例 36.如實施例1至35中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體連接至治療或診斷部分。
實施例 37.一種經分離之核酸,其編碼如實施例1至36中任一項之抗RYK抗體。
實施例 38.一種細胞,其包括如實施例1至36中任一項之抗RYK抗體或如實施例37之核酸。
實施例 39.一種醫藥組成物,其包括治療有效量的如實施例1至36中任一項之抗體及醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑。
實施例 40.一種形成能夠結合至RYK蛋白質之抗體的方法,該方法包括對哺乳動物免疫接種包括SEQ ID NO:129之序列的肽。
實施例 41.一種偵測表現RYK之細胞的方法,該方法包括(i)使表現RYK之細胞與如實施例1至36中任一項之抗體接觸;(ii)且偵測該抗體與該細胞表現之RYK蛋白質的結合。
實施例 42.如實施例41之方法,其中該抗體連接至可偵測部分。
實施例 43.如實施例41或42之方法,其中該表現RYK之細胞係在生物樣本中。
實施例 44.如實施例41之方法,其中該生物樣本係全血、血液部分或製品、組織或培養之細胞。
實施例 45.如實施例41至44中任一項之方法,其中該表現RYK之細胞係癌細胞。
實施例 46.如實施例45之方法,其中該癌細胞係膀胱癌細胞、腦癌細胞、乳癌細胞、慢性骨髓性白血病(CML)細胞、結腸癌細胞、尤文氏肉瘤細胞、肺癌細胞、套細胞淋巴瘤細胞、卵巢癌細胞、胰臟癌細胞、皮膚癌細胞或黑素瘤細胞。
實施例 47.一種治療有需要之受試者之癌症的方法,該方法包括向受試者投予治療有效量的如實施例1至36中任一項之抗RYK抗體。
實施例 48.如實施例47之方法,其中該癌症係膀胱癌、腦癌、乳癌、慢性骨髓性白血病(CML)、結腸癌、尤文氏肉瘤、肺癌、套細胞淋巴瘤、卵巢癌、胰臟癌、皮膚癌或黑素瘤。
實施例 49.一種鑑別抗RYK抗體之方法,該方法包括:(i)使抗體與第一RYK多肽接觸,該第一RYK多肽包括對應於SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸殘基48至57的胺基酸序列;(ii)偵測與該第一RYK多肽結合之該抗體;(iii)使該抗體與第二RYK多肽接觸,該第二RYK多肽不包括對應於SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸殘基48至57的胺基酸序列;且(iv)偵測不與該第二RYK多肽結合之該抗體,由此鑑別出抗RYK抗體。
實施例 50.如實施例49之方法,其中該抗體係嵌合抗體。
實施例 51.如實施例49或50之方法,其中該抗體係Fab'片段。
實施例 52.如實施例49或50之方法,其中該抗體係單鏈抗體。
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圖 1示出人類與小鼠RYK之細胞外區的比較。顯示人類(hRYK,上部序列;SEQ ID NO:132)與小鼠(mRYK,下部序列,SEQ ID NO:131)RYK之細胞外區胺基酸序列的比對。點指示在該位置處之同源性,而差異係藉由單字母胺基酸密碼子指定。信號肽及WIF域藉由在序列(SEQ ID NO:132)上方之線標記及指示。
圖 2A-2D示出所描繪的四種小鼠抗人類RYK融合瘤各自的胺基酸序列及與最接近小鼠IGHV(上部序列)或IGKV(下部序列)生殖系基因的比對,該四種小鼠抗人類RYK融合瘤命名為2-D11(
圖 2A,SEQ ID NO: 15及SEQ ID NO: 16)、7-H10(
圖 2B,SEQ ID NO: 31及SEQ ID NO: 32)、11-E9(
圖 2C,SEQ ID NO: 47及SEQ ID NO: 48)及3-C12(
圖 2D ,SEQ ID NO: 63及SEQ ID NO:64)。對於各比對,上部序列描繪以第一構架區之第一密碼子開始且以第四構架區之最後一個密碼子結束的重鏈或輕鏈可變區之胺基酸序列。下部序列描繪同源性最高之小鼠IGHV或IGKV生殖系基因之重鏈或輕鏈可變區的胺基酸序列。點指示在該位置處之同源性,而差異係藉由單字母胺基酸密碼子指定。構架區(FR)及互補決定區(CDR)在序列上方標出。
圖 3示出用於定位本揭示案中各抗人類RYK mAb所結合之結合區抗原決定基hRYK的hROR1之細胞外域(SEQ ID NO:129)與hRYK之突變形式的比較。由胺基酸序列表示之蛋白質的名稱在左側邊緣上。胺基酸係藉由單字母胺基酸代碼指示。提供於右側邊緣上或在序列上方之數字係下方胺基酸殘基之位置的編號。序列中的點指示與hRYK在該位置處的序列同源性。字母指示不同於hRYK中在該位置處存在之胺基酸的突變型RYK之胺基酸。RYK細胞外域之WIF域在胺基酸序列上方指示,加下劃線。
圖 4A-4B示出抗人類RYK mAb與人類RYK之細胞外域(SEQ ID NO:129)結合所需胺基酸之鑑別。
圖 4A示出使用重組人類RYK蛋白質(SEQ ID NO:129)評定2-D11、7-H10、3-C12、11-E9、6-B5、6-D10及綿羊抗RYK mAb之結合的實驗,在該等重組人類RYK蛋白質中,人類與小鼠RYK在細胞外域內不同的一個胺基酸經小鼠RYK之相應胺基酸置換。將各重組蛋白轉印至尼龍膜(nylon membrane)上,用指定抗RYK mAb或綿羊抗RYK Ab探測,並用與辣根過氧化酶結合之抗小鼠IgG或驢抗綿羊抗體偵測。兔抗IgG印漬對蛋白質印漬及偵測呈陽性,因為重組蛋白具有兔IgG標籤以便純化。人類與小鼠RYK之細胞外域之蛋白質序列的比對顯示於下圖中且加框胺基酸指示各重組蛋白所作出之胺基酸變化。
圖 4B示出用於進一步評定結合的利用2-D11抗體進行之額外印漬術,其中在前導肽內產生取代或在鄰近於人類RYK蛋白質WIF域(SEQ ID NO:129)之編碼區中產生取代。具有mRYK 48-57之hRYK係在位置48-57處具有鼠類胺基酸取代之人類RYK,且引起與人類RYK之結合喪失,與人類RYK融合之鼠類前導序列區取代亦如此。
圖 5A-5B示出mAb 2-D11之可變區序列。
圖 5A表示mAb 2-D11之Ig重鏈可變區序列。
圖 5B表示mAb 2-D11之Igκ鏈可變區序列。
圖 6A-
6B示出mAb 7-H10之可變區序列。
圖 6A表示mAb 7-H10之Ig重鏈可變區序列。
圖 6B表示mAb 7-H10之Igκ鏈可變區序列。
圖 7A-7B示出2-D11及7-H10 mAb與重組人類RYK2蛋白質之結合的親和力量測。分析係使用KinExA 3200儀器執行。圖7A:顯示對於2-D11 mAb(左上圖)及7-H10 mAb(左下圖),在遞增莫耳濃度(M)之可溶性RYK競爭劑(x軸)存在下抗人類RYK mAb與塗有RYK蛋白質之粒子之結合的比例(y軸)。圖7B:示出所量測的2-D11 mAb(右上圖)及7-H10 mAb(右下圖)與人類RYK結合之K
D的95%信賴區間。
圖 8示出2-D11抗人類RYK mAb特異性結合人類RYK。2-D11 mAb與人類RYK之結合係藉由若干細胞株之流式細胞分析術染色及分析來評定。在冰上,將細胞用10 ug/ml 2-D11抗人類RYK- Alexa647結合之mAb(加陰影之直方圖)或等量同型相配之對照mAb(空心直方圖)染色20分鐘,洗滌並分析。直方圖描繪藉由光散射特徵測定的活細胞之相對螢光強度(x軸)。++、+及neg對應於表1中所示的基於經染色細胞之中值螢光強度(MFI)相對於同型對照染色細胞之MFI之比率的此等及其他細胞株之染色程度。
圖 9示出來自成人血液、臍帶血(N=2)、扁桃體(N-2)或脾臟之淋巴細胞之2-D11染色的實例。
圖 10示出初代乳癌患者源性異種移植物(PDX)。初代(T1)乳癌PDX(M0026)來源於雌激素/孕酮受體陰性及HER2陰性乳癌(三陰性乳癌,TNBC)。將M0026之人類TNBC細胞解離成單細胞,用結合螢光染料之同型對照mAb(Cont mAb,深灰色直方圖)或結合螢光染料之2-D11(帶淺灰色陰影之直方圖)染色,且接著在流式細胞儀上分析。經Cont mAb染色之細胞具有與未染色細胞(未示出)相同的螢光。
TW202315894A_111131081_SEQL.xml
Claims (52)
- 一種抗RYK抗體,其包括重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:1中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:2中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:3中所示之CDR H3;且 其中該輕鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:4中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:5中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 6中所示之CDR L3。
- 如請求項1之抗RYK抗體,其中該重鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 15之序列。
- 如請求項1至2中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該輕鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 16之序列。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體具有約2 pM至約2 nM之K D。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體具有約513 pM之K D。
- 一種抗RYK抗體,其包括重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:17中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:18中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:19中所示之CDR H3;且 其中該輕鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:20中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:21中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 22中所示之CDR L3。
- 如請求項6之抗RYK抗體,其中該重鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 31之序列。
- 如請求項6至7中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該輕鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 32之序列。
- 如請求項6至8中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體具有約6 nM至約17 nM之K D。
- 如請求項6至9中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體具有約10 nM之K D。
- 一種抗RYK抗體,其包括重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:33中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:34中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:35中所示之CDR H3;且 其中該輕鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:36中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:37中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO:38中所示之CDR L3。
- 如請求項11之抗RYK抗體,其中該重鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 47之序列。
- 如請求項11至12中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該輕鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO:48之序列。
- 一種抗RYK抗體,其包括重鏈可變域及輕鏈可變域,其中該重鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:49中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:50中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:51中所示之CDR H3;且 其中該輕鏈可變域包括如SEQ ID NO:52中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:53中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 54中所示之CDR L3。
- 如請求項14之抗RYK抗體,其中該重鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO: 63之序列。
- 如請求項14至15中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該輕鏈可變域包括SEQ ID NO:64之序列。
- 如請求項1至16中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體係嵌合抗體。
- 如請求項1至17中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體係Fab'片段。
- 如請求項1至18中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體係IgG。
- 如請求項1至17中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該輕鏈可變域與該重鏈可變域形成scFv之一部分。
- 如請求項1至20中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體能夠結合RYK蛋白質。
- 如請求項1至21中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體結合細胞外RYK域。
- 如請求項1至22中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體結合包括SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸序列的細胞外RYK域。
- 如請求項1至23中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體結合對應於SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸殘基48至57的胺基酸序列。
- 如請求項1至21中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體結合至RYK蛋白質。
- 如請求項21至25中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該RYK蛋白質係人類RYK蛋白質。
- 如請求項21至26中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該RYK蛋白質包括SEQ ID NO: 130之序列。
- 如請求項21至27中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該RYK蛋白質不結合至小鼠RYK蛋白質。
- 如請求項21至28中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體不結合包括對應於SEQ ID NO:131之胺基酸殘基32至41之胺基酸序列的RYK蛋白質。
- 如請求項25至28之抗RYK抗體,其中該RYK蛋白質形成細胞之一部分。
- 如請求項21至30中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該RYK蛋白質在細胞之表面上表現。
- 一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包括以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包括如SEQ ID NO:1中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:2中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:3中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;以及包括如SEQ ID NO:4中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:5中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 6中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
- 一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包括以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包括如SEQ ID NO:17中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:18中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:19中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;以及包括如SEQ ID NO:20中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:21中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 22中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
- 一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包括以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包括如SEQ ID NO:33中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:34中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:35中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;以及包括如SEQ ID NO:36中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:37中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 38中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
- 一種抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體與包括以下之抗體結合相同的抗原決定基:包括如SEQ ID NO:49中所示之CDR H1、如SEQ ID NO:50中所示之CDR H2及如SEQ ID NO:51中所示之CDR H3的重鏈可變域;以及包括如SEQ ID NO:52中所示之CDR L1、如SEQ ID NO:53中所示之CDR L2及如SEQ ID NO: 54中所示之CDR L3的輕鏈可變域。
- 如請求項1至35中任一項之抗RYK抗體,其中該抗RYK抗體連接至治療或診斷部分。
- 一種經分離之核酸,其編碼如請求項1至36中任一項之抗RYK抗體。
- 一種細胞,其包括如請求項1至36中任一項之抗RYK抗體或如請求項37之核酸。
- 一種醫藥組成物,其包括治療有效量的如請求項1至36中任一項之抗體及醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑。
- 一種形成能夠結合至RYK蛋白質之抗體的方法,該方法包括對哺乳動物免疫接種包括SEQ ID NO:129之序列的肽。
- 一種偵測表現RYK之細胞的方法,該方法包括(i)使表現RYK之細胞與如請求項1至36中任一項之抗體接觸;(ii)且偵測該抗體與由該細胞表現之RYK蛋白質的結合。
- 如請求項41之方法,其中該抗體連接至可偵測部分。
- 如請求項41或42之方法,其中該表現RYK之細胞係在生物樣本中。
- 如請求項41之方法,其中該生物樣本係全血、血液部分或製品、組織或培養之細胞。
- 如請求項41至44中任一項之方法,其中該表現RYK之細胞係癌細胞。
- 如請求項45之方法,其中該癌細胞係膀胱癌細胞、腦癌細胞、乳癌細胞、慢性骨髓性白血病(CML)細胞、結腸癌細胞、尤文氏肉瘤(Ewing's sarcoma)細胞、肺癌細胞、套細胞淋巴瘤細胞、卵巢癌細胞、胰臟癌細胞、皮膚癌細胞或黑素瘤細胞。
- 一種治療有需要之個體之癌症的方法,該方法包括向個體投予治療有效量的如請求項1至36中任一項之抗RYK抗體。
- 如請求項47之方法,其中該癌症係膀胱癌、腦癌、乳癌、慢性骨髓性白血病(CML)、結腸癌、尤文氏肉瘤、肺癌、套細胞淋巴瘤、卵巢癌、胰臟癌、皮膚癌或黑素瘤。
- 一種鑑別抗RYK抗體之方法,該方法包括: (i) 使抗體與第一RYK多肽接觸,該第一RYK多肽包括對應於SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸殘基48至57的胺基酸序列; (ii) 偵測結合至該第一RYK多肽之該抗體; (iii) 使該抗體與第二RYK多肽接觸,該第二RYK多肽不包括對應於SEQ ID NO:129之胺基酸殘基48至57的胺基酸序列;且 (iv) 偵測不與該第二RYK多肽結合之該抗體,由此鑑別出抗RYK抗體。
- 如請求項49之方法,其中該抗體係嵌合抗體。
- 如請求項49或50之方法,其中該抗體係Fab'片段。
- 如請求項49或50之方法,其中該抗體係單鏈抗體。
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EP2190879A1 (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2010-06-02 | Glaxo Group Limited | Novel antibodies |
WO2017172733A1 (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-05 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Anti-ryk antibodies and methods of using the same |
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- 2022-08-18 CA CA3229528A patent/CA3229528A1/en active Pending
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