TW202224728A - Multi-piece golf club head - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a driver-type golf club head that is made from at least one first material, having a density between 0.9 g/cc and 3.5 g/cc, at least one second material, having a density between 3.6 g/cc and 5.5 g/cc, and at least one third material, having a density between 5.6 g/cc and 20.0 g/cc. The first material has a first mass no more than 55% and no less than 25% of the total mass of the golf club head. The second material has a second mass no more than 65% and no less than 20% of the total mass of the golf club head. The third material has a third mass equal to the total mass of the golf club head less the first mass of the first material and the second mass of the second material.

Description

Multi-Piece Golf Club Heads

The present disclosure relates generally to golf clubs, and more particularly, to a golf club head constructed of multiple components that are adhesively bonded together.

In the early history of golf, golf club heads were primarily made from a single material such as wood. Later, golf club heads evolved from constructions made primarily of wood to constructions made primarily of metal. Originally made of metal, golf club heads were made of steel alloys. Over time, golf club heads began to be made of titanium alloys. Some, but not all, golf club head manufacturers have moved from using a single material to using multiple materials and multi-piece construction. The use of multiple pieces and the use of multiple materials can provide various manufacturing and performance advantages. The pieces of the multi-piece golf club head may be joined together in a variety of ways, such as adhesive bonding and welding.

In general, the bond strength between the bonds of a multi-piece golf club head can affect the durability of the golf club head and thus the performance of the golf club head over time. Weak bonds tend to accelerate bond degradation when golf club heads are used to hit golf balls. Degradation of the bond between the bonds can lead to reduced performance of the golf club head, such as via reduced stiffness and lack of proper load transfer at best, and complete failure of the golf club head at worst. Typically, the striking face of a driver golf club head collides with the golf ball thousands of times during its lifetime. Each impact applies a force in the range of 10,000g to 20,000g to the ball striking face, where g equals the force due to gravity per unit mass. Repeated blows with such high forces tend to degrade the bond forming the golf club head. Therefore, there is a need for a combination of golf club heads Strong initial and lasting bond between.

Because welding generally provides a stronger initial bond and can exhibit greater durability than other bonding techniques, many traditional multi-piece golf club head components use materials that facilitate welding, such as compatible metals . However, many of the metals used to construct multi-piece golf club heads are of higher quality than non-metallic materials. As a result, the mass (also referred to as arbitrary mass) available for distribution around such golf club heads that can be used to enhance the performance of the golf club head may be limited. For this reason, it can be difficult to provide a multi-piece golf club head that has a strong and durable bond between the components of the golf club head and that promotes discretionary mass gain.

The subject matter of this application was developed in response to the state of the art, and in particular, the shortcomings of golf club heads with multi-piece construction that have not yet been fully addressed. Accordingly, the subject matter of the present application has been developed to provide a golf club head that overcomes at least some of the above-mentioned disadvantages of conventional golf club heads.

A driver-style golf club head is disclosed herein. A driver-style golf club head includes a forward portion including a ball striking face, a rearward portion opposite the forward portion, a crown portion, a sole portion opposite the crown portion, a heel portion, and The toe portion opposite the heel portion. Driver-style golf club heads range in volume from 390 cubic centimeters (cc) to 600 cc. The total mass of the driver golf club head is between 185 grams (g) and 210 grams. A driver golf club head is made of at least one first material having a density between 0.9 g/cc and 3.5 g/cc, at least one second material having a density between 3.6 g/cc and 5.5 g/cc , and at least one third material having a density between 5.6 g/cc and 20.0 g/cc. The first mass of the at least one first material is no greater than 55% of the total mass of the driver golf club head and no less than the driver golf ball 25% of the total mass of the club head. The second mass of the at least one second material is no greater than 65% of the total mass of the driver golf club head and no less than 20% of the total mass of the driver golf club head. The third mass of the at least one third material is equal to the total mass of the driver golf club head minus the first mass of the at least one first material and the second mass of the at least one second material. The foregoing subject matter of this paragraph characterizes one example of the present disclosure.

The described features, structures, advantages and/or characteristics of the subject matter of the present disclosure may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments and/or implementations. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided in order to impart a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize that the subject matter of the present disclosure may be practiced without one or more of the specific features, details, components, materials and/or methods of a specific example or implementation. In other instances, additional features and advantages that may not be present in all embodiments or implementations may be recognized in certain embodiments and/or implementations. Furthermore, in some instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the subject matter of the present disclosure. The features and advantages of the subject matter of the present disclosure will become more fully apparent from the following description and the appended claims, or may be learned by practice of the subject matter described hereinafter.

100: Golf Club Head

102: Subject

104: Foundry Cup

106: Ring

108: Crown Insert

108A: Inner Surface

108B: Crown Insert Ablation Surface

108C: Crown Insert Edge Ablation Surface

110: Bottom Insert

110A: inner surface

110B: Bottom Insert Ablation Surface

110C: Bottom Insert Edge Ablation Surface

112: Forward Section

112A: Toe side connector

112B: Heel side connector

114: heel side connector

116: Heel part

117: Bottom part

118: Backward part

119: Crown Section

120: hosel

121: skirt part

123: FCT system

125: Fasteners

127: Internal Section

129: Internal Quality Pad

132: Forward Extension

133: Backward box

135: Forward Box

141A: Top flange ablated surface

141B: Top Sidewall Ablation Surface

142A: Bottom flange ablated surface

142B: Bottom Sidewall Ablation Surface

143: Batting Board

144: Adhesive Layer

145: hitting face

146: Sidewall

147: Plate Opening Recessed Flange

147A: Top Plate Opening Recessed Flange

147B: Bottom plate opening recessed flange

148: Batter

148A: Toe-Ring Joint Ablation Surface

148B: Heel-ring engagement surface

148C: Toe-Cup Engagement Ablation Surface

148D: Heel-cup engagement surface

149: Plate Opening

150A: Toe-Ring Engagement Surface

150B: Heel-ring engagement surface

152A: Toe-Cup Engagement Surface

152B: Heel-cup engagement surface

154A: Toe protrusion

154B: heel protrusion

155: Quality Pad

156A: Toe Receiver

156B: Heel Receiver

157: Mass Container

159: Quality Components

161: Cantilever part

162: Crown opening

162A: Forward Section

162B: Backward section

163A: Toe arm part

163B: heel arm part

164: Bottom opening

164A: Forward Section

164B: Backward section

165: face and back direction

166: inner surface

167: Peripheral edge surface

168: Top plate opening recessed flange

168A: Forward Crown Opening Recessed Flange

168B: Rearward crown opening recessed flange

169: Imaginary plane

170: Bottom opening recessed flange

170A: Forward Bottom Gate Recessed Flange

170B: Rearward Bottom Opening Recessed Flange

171: Slot

172: Through hole

173: Counterweight

175: Threaded port

177: Inertial Generation Features

179A: Front Flange Ablation Surface

179B: Front Sidewall Ablation Surface

179C: Internal ablated surface of the bat

179D: Ablative surface at the edge of the bat

181: Ground plane

183: Center plane

185: Club head origin coordinate system

186: Quality Pad

187: Internal Ribs

189: Lateral opening

190: Recess

191: Hose axis

193: Hole

195: lower opening

200: Golf Club Head

202: Subject

204: Foundry Cup

206: Ring

208: Crown Insert

210: Bottom Insert

212: Forward Section

212A: Toe Connector

212B: Heel side connector

214: Toe part

216: Heel part

217: Bottom part

218: Backward part

219: Crown Section

221: skirt part

243: Batting Board

245: hitting face

247: Plate Opening Recessed Flange

249: Plate Opening

257: Mass Container

259: Quality Components

271: Slot

273: Counterweight

273A: Gasket

273B: Nut

273C: Fastening bolts

279: Counterweight Track

297A: Forward Flange

297B: Backward Flange

300: Golf Club Head

302: Subject

304: Foundry Cup

304A: Upper Cup

304B: Lower Cup

306: Ring

310: Bottom Insert

320: hosel

343: Batting Board

345: limited hitting surface

347: basal part

349: Cover

351: Groove

357: Mass Container

359: Quality Components

371: Slot

373: Counterweight

375: port

379: Foundry Cup

400: Golf Club Head

402: Subject

404: Foundry Cup

406: Ring

408: Crown Insert

410: Bottom Insert

412A: Toe Connector

412B: Heel side connector

414: Toe part

416: Heel part

420: Hose

421: skirt part

443: Batting Board

445: limited hitting surface

457: Mass Container

459: Quality Components

461: Cantilever part

463: Fork

463A: Toe arm part

463B: heel arm part

473: Counterweight

475: port

479: Fasteners

495: lower opening

502: First Part

504: Second Part

506: The first laser

508: First Part Laser Beam

510: Second Part Laser

512: Second Part Laser Beam

520: Surface of the first part

522: First part ablated surface

524: Second part surface

526: Second part ablated surface

528: Bonding Line

530: Adhesive

540: Ablation Pattern

542: Peak

544: Valley

546: Hypothetical Boundaries

548: First part bonding area

550: Method

552: Box

554: Box

556: Box

560: Method

562: Box

564: Box

600: Facial part

602: Center

603: Internal Mixing Zone

604: Maximum Thickness Ring

606: Variable mix zone

608: Second Ring

609: External Mixing Area

610: Toe area

612: Radial peripheral area

700: Facial part

702: Center

703: Internal Blending Area

704: Maximum Thickness Ring

705: Variable Blend Area

706: External Area

708: External Mixing Zone

710: Perimeter Ring

800: Facial part

802: Center

803: Internal Mixing Area

804: inner ring

805: Second Blend Area

806: Second Ring

807: 3rd Hybrid Zone

808: Third Ring

810: Fourth Mixed Zone

811: Fourth Ring

812: Toe region

813: External Mixing Area

814: Peripheral

820: Thickened area

822: Offset area

823: Ring

824: Mixed area

825: Ring

826: Mixed area

900: Polymer Layer

911: Facial Contour Width

912: Length of facial contour

913: height

914:Length

920: Notch

941: Heel part

942: Toe Section

943: Batting Board

944: Notch edge thickness

945: Edge Thickness

947: Peak Thickness

950: Chamfer

951: Chamfer

953: Best hitting zone

960: maximum thickness

970: Minimum thickness

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H: sectors

BPLT: Thickness

BPLW:width

CG: Center of Gravity

D1: Main dimension

D2: Secondary size

DFB: Depth

DRB: depth

dv: depth

Dvv: Valley to Valley Distance

FBD: face and back size

FMCG: Forward Mass CG

FWCG: CG of the first counterweight

HFB: height

HR: height

HRB: height

L: length

L _BA : length

LT: Thickness

PCH: position of peak crown height

PSH: Location

RMCG: Backward Quality CG

SWCG: CG of the second counterweight

ST: Thickness

TR: Thickness

TPLT: Thickness

TPLW:width

V1: first vector distance

V2: Second vector distance

V3: The third vector distance

W _BA : width

wfb:width

WR: width

wrb: width

WT: Thickness

In order that the advantages of the subject matter may be more readily understood, a more detailed description of the subject matter briefly described above will be provided by reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the subject matter and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, the subject matter will be described and illustrated with additional specificity and detail through the use of the drawings wherein:

1 is a schematic perspective view of a golf club head in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

2 is a schematic perspective view of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

3 is a schematic side elevation view of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

4 is another schematic side elevation view of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

5 is a schematic front view of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

6 is a schematic rear view of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

7 is a schematic top plan view of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

8 is a schematic bottom plan view of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

9A is a schematic cross-sectional side elevation view of the golf club head of FIG. 1 taken along line 9-9 of FIG. 5 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

9B is a schematic cross-sectional side elevation view of a detail of the golf club head of FIG. 9A in accordance with one or more examples of the present disclosure;

10 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

11 is another schematic exploded perspective view of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

12 is a schematic top plan view of the body of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

13 is a schematic bottom plan view of the body of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

14 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the body of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

15 is another schematic exploded perspective view of the body of the golf club head of FIG. 1 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

16 is a schematic perspective view of another golf club head in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

17 is a schematic cross-sectional side elevation view of the golf club head of FIG. 16 taken along line 16-16 of FIG. 16 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

18 is a schematic exploded perspective view of another golf club head in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

19 is a schematic exploded perspective view of yet another golf club head in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

20 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the golf club head of FIG. 19 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

21 is a schematic front view of a ring of the golf club head of FIG. 19 according to one or more examples of this disclosure;

22 is a schematic rear view of a face portion of a golf club head according to one or more examples of this disclosure;

23 is a schematic rear view of a face portion of a golf club head according to one or more examples of this disclosure;

24 is a schematic perspective view of the face portion of FIG. 56 according to one or more examples of the present disclosure;

25 is a schematic rear view of a face portion of a golf club head according to one or more examples of this disclosure;

26 is a schematic front view of a blade of a golf club head according to one or more examples of the present disclosure;

27 is a schematic bottom view of a blade of a golf club head according to one or more examples of this disclosure;

28A is a schematic bottom cross-sectional view of a heel portion of a blade of a golf club head according to one or more examples of the present disclosure;

28B is a schematic bottom cross-sectional view of a toe portion of a blade of a golf club head according to one or more examples of the present disclosure;

29 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polymer layer of a blade of a golf club head according to one or more examples of the present disclosure;

30 is a schematic cross-sectional bottom plan view of a golf club head taken along a line similar to line 30-30 of FIG. 9B in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

31 is a schematic cross-sectional side elevation view of the forward and crown portions of the golf club head of FIG. 30 taken along line 31-31 of FIG. 30 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

32 is a schematic cross-sectional side elevation view of the forward and crown portions of the golf club head of FIG. 30 taken along line 32-32 of FIG. 30 in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

33 is a schematic side elevation view of a first portion of a golf club head laser ablated by a first laser in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

34 is a schematic side elevation view of a second portion of a golf club head laser ablated by a second laser in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

35 is a schematic side elevation view of a first portion of a golf club head coupled to a second portion of a golf club head in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

36 is a schematic perspective view of an ablation pattern of peaks and valleys of an ablated surface of a portion of a golf club head according to one or more examples of this disclosure;

37 is a schematic side elevation view of an ablation pattern of peaks and valleys of an ablated surface of a portion of a golf club head according to one or more examples of the present disclosure;

38 is a lasered image according to one or more examples of the present disclosure A schematic perspective view of the blade of a laser ablated golf club head;

39 is a schematic perspective view of a body of a golf club head being laser ablated in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

40 is a schematic perspective exploded view of the body of a blade and golf club head in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

41 is a schematic perspective exploded view of the body of a blade and golf club head in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

42 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of manufacturing a golf club head in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

43 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of manufacturing a golf club head in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

44 is a schematic side elevation view of a first portion of a golf club head coupled to a second portion of a golf club head in accordance with one or more examples of this disclosure;

45 is a schematic top plan view of an ablation pattern on a portion of a golf club head according to one or more examples of this disclosure; and

46 is a schematic top view of an ablation pattern on a portion of a golf club head according to one or more examples of this disclosure.

Examples of golf club heads are described below in the context of driver-type golf club heads having a multi-piece construction, although the principles, methods, and designs described may be applicable, in whole or in part, to fairway wood-type golf clubs golf club heads, utility golf club heads (also known as hybrid golf club heads), iron type golf club heads, etc., as such golf club heads can also be made in multi-piece construction.

In some examples disclosed herein, the golf club head has a ball striking face formed from a non-metallic material, such as a fiber reinforced polymeric material. in golf The fracture of the adhesive joint formed between the body of the club head and the non-metallic blade can result in characteristic time (CT) creep. USGA regulations require that the CT of a golf club head remains within specified limits regardless of the number of strokes of the golf club head to the golf ball. The CT of conventional driver-type golf club heads tends to increase after multiple hits with the golf ball. The increase in CT due to hitting with a golf ball is called CT creep. In certain examples disclosed herein, the golf club head is configured to reinforce the adhesive joint formed between the body of the golf club head and the non-metallic blade, such as by optimizing the surface structure of the golf club head to obtain Stronger adhesive bond.

US Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0302946 A1 (the '946 application) published on October 9, 2014 describes a "reference position" similar to the aiming position used to measure the various parameters discussed throughout the application, which publication is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The address or reference location is based on the procedures described in the USGA and R&A Rules, Inc. "Measuring Procedures for Club Head Size for Wood Clubs," Revision 1.0.0 (November 21, 2003). Unless otherwise stated, all parameters are specified with the club head in the reference position.

3, 4, 5, and 9A are examples showing golf club heads 100 in address or reference locations. When the hosel axis 191 of the golf club head 100 is at an angle θ of 60 degrees relative to the ground plane 181 (see, eg, FIG. 5 ) and the ball striking face 145 of the golf club head 100 is square relative to the imaginary target line 101 (see, eg, FIG. 5 ) 7), the golf club head 100 is in an address or reference position. As shown in FIGS. 3 , 4 , 5 and 9A , locating golf club head 100 at an address or reference location facilitates its own use centered on the geometric center of ball striking face 145 (eg, center face 183 ) The origin coordinate system 185 of the club head is used to make various measurements. When the golf club head is at an address or reference location, using USGA methods, measurements including head height, head height, Various parameters for club head center of gravity (CG) position and moment of inertia (MOI).

For more detail or clarity, the reader is advised to refer to the measurement methods described in the '946 application and the USGA procedure. It is worth noting, however, that the origins and axes associated with the club head origin coordinate system 185 used in this application may not necessarily be aligned or oriented in the same manner as those described in the '946 application or the USGA program. More details regarding locating the club head origin coordinate system 185 are provided below.

In some examples, golf club heads described herein include driver-style golf club heads that can be at least partially identified as having a total surface area of at least 3,500 mm ² , preferably at least 3,800 mm ² , and even more preferably at least 3,900mm ² (eg, between 3,500mm ² to 5,000mm ² in one example, less than 5,000mm ² in various examples, and 3,700mm ² to 4,300mm 2 in another example ² ) of the golf club head of the hitting face. In some examples, such as when the ball striking face is defined by a non-metallic material, the total surface area of the ball striking face is no greater than 4,300 mm ² and no less than 3,300 mm ² . The total surface area of the ball striking face is the outermost area of the ball striking face, which in some examples may be the outermost area of the face insert. In some instances, the total surface area of the ball striking face is the surface area of the surface of the ball striking face, which surface area is defined at its periphery by all points at which the ball striking face rises from a substantially uniform radius of projection (ie, strikes The radius of curvature from the heel to the toe of the spherical surface) and the substantially uniform roll radius (ie, the radius of curvature from the crown to the sole of the ball striking surface) transition to the body of the golf club head. In certain instances, the ball striking faces of the golf club heads disclosed herein are identical to those of US Patent Application Publication Nos. 2020/0139208, filed Oct. 22, 2019, 8,801,541, and 2011, issued Aug. 12, 2014. Defined in the same manner as one or more of US Patent No. 8,012,039, issued September 6, 2009, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. In other instances, the ball striking face has a uniform raised radius and a uniform rolling radius, except for portions with higher raised toe and lower raised heel, such as on Aug. 28, 2020 US Patent Application No. 17/006,561, filed November 14, 2017, US Patent No. 9,814,944, issued November 14, 2017, US Patent No. 10,265,586, issued April 23, 2019, and US Patent Application Publication No., filed October 15, 2018 All of these patent applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety as described in 2019/0076705.

Additionally, in certain instances, the driver golf club head includes a center of gravity (CG) protrusion that is parallel to the horizontal (y-axis), in one instance, at most 3 mm above or below the center plane of the ball striking face , and preferably at most 1 mm above or below the center plane, as measured along the vertical axis (z-axis), or in another example, at most 5 mm below the center plane of the ball striking face, and preferably at the center plane Up to 4mm below, as measured along the vertical axis (z-axis). In some instances, the CG protrusion is in the toe direction of the geometric center of the ball striking face. Furthermore, in some instances, the driver golf club head has a relatively high moment of inertia ( For example Izz>400kg- ^mm2 , and preferably Izz>450kg- ^mm2 , and more preferably Izz>500kg- ^mm2 , but in some embodiments less than 590kg- ^mm2 ), about a horizontal axis (eg, The CG x-axis passing through the CG and parallel to the x-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185) a relatively high moment of inertia (eg, Ixx>250kg- ^mm2 , and preferably Ixx>300kg- ^mm2 or 320kg-mm ² , and more preferably Ixx>350kg-mm ² , more preferably Ixx>375kg-mm ² , more preferably Ixx>385kg-mm ² , more preferably Ixx>400kg-mm ² , more preferably Ixx>415kg- mm ² , more preferably Ixx>430kg-mm ² , more preferably Ixx>450kg-mm ² , but in some instances no more than 590kg.mm ² ), and preferably the ratio of Ixx/Izz>0.70. More details regarding inertial Izz and Ixx can be found in US Patent Application Publication No. 2020/0139208, published May 7, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

According to certain examples, the sum of Ixx and Izz is greater than 780 kg-mm ² , 800 kg-mm ² , 820 kg-mm ² , 825 kg-mm ² , 850 kg-mm ² , 860 kg-mm ² , 875 kg-mm ² , 900 kg-mm ² , 925kg-mm ² , 950kg-mm ² , 975kg-mm ² or 1000kg-mm ² , but less than 1,100kg-mm ² . For example, the sum of Ixx and Izz may be between 740 kg-mm ² and 1,100 kg-mm ² , such as about 869 kg-mm ² . In some instances, Ixx is at least 65% of Izz, in some instances even more preferably Ixx is at least 68% of Izz. In some examples, golf club head masses may range from 190 grams to 210 grams, preferably between 195 grams and 205 grams, and even more preferably no more than 203 grams. Golf club head mass includes the mass of any FCT system and fasteners securing the FCT system, but does not include the shaft of the golf club head or the grip of the golf club head. The maximum distance from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the club head, measured parallel to the y-axis, is preferably between 112mm and 127mm, preferably between 115mm and 127mm, even more preferably between 119mm and 127mm.

By including forward and aft weights, larger values of inertia and lower CG protrusions, eg, no more than 3 mm above the center plane, can be achieved, as discussed in more detail below. The forward weight may be a single forward weight or two or more forward weights. The forward weight can be located near an imaginary vertical plane through the y-axis, or the forward weight can be offset to the toe or heel side of an imaginary vertical plane through the y-axis, or through the y-axis of the golf club head The toe and heel sides of the imaginary vertical plane. The forward weight may be formed separately and attached, welded or bonded to the golf club head by threading, or the forward weight may be a thickened area of the golf club head, or in some cases, the forward weight The forward portion of the golf club head may be molded or overmolded. See below and US Patent No. 10,220,270, issued March 5, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference, for a further discussion of the various positions of the forward and backward weights. The forward weight is located in front of the center of gravity of the golf club head, and the rear weight is located behind the center of gravity of the golf club head.

In some examples, the golf club heads described herein have a delta 1 value of no more than 25mm, preferably between 20mm and 25mm. Δ1 of the driver-type golf club head is the x-axis between the CG and XZ planes of the golf club head along the y-axis of the club head center plane origin coordinate system 185 and passing through the club head center plane origin coordinate system 185 and the z-axis and the distance through the hosel axis 191 . In some instances, the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 335kg. mm ² and △ 1 does not exceed 25mm, and the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 345kg. mm ² and △ 1 does not exceed 25mm, the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 355kg. mm ² and △ 1 does not exceed 25mm, the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 365kg. mm ² and △ 1 does not exceed 25mm, or the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 375kg. mm ² and △ 1 does not exceed 25mm.

In some examples, the golf club heads described herein have a delta 1 value between 20mm and 35mm. In some instances, the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 335kg. mm ² and A1 is between 22mm and 32mm, the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 345kg. mm ² and △ 1 is between 22mm and 32mm, and the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 355kg. mm ² and △ 1 is between 22mm and 32mm, and the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 365kg. mm ² and △ 1 is between 22mm and 32mm, and the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 375kg. mm ² and △ 1 is between 23mm and 32mm, and the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 385kg. mm ² and △ 1 is between 24mm and 32mm, and the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 395kg. mm ² and △ 1 is between 25mm and 32mm, or the Ixx of the golf club head is at least 405kg. mm ² and Δ1 is between 27mm and 32mm.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , according to some examples, the golf club head 100 of the present disclosure includes a toe portion 114 and a heel portion 116 opposite the toe portion 114 . Additionally, the golf club head 100 includes a forward portion 112 (eg, a face portion) and a rearward portion 112 opposite the forward portion 112 . Golf club head 100 additionally includes a sole portion 117 at the sole region of golf club head 100 and a crown portion 119 opposite sole portion 117 and at the top region of golf club head 100 . Furthermore, the golf club head 100 includes a skirt portion 121 that defines a transition region in which the golf club head 100 transitions between the crown portion 119 and the sole portion 117 . Accordingly, skirt portion 121 is located between crown portion 119 and sole portion 117 and extends around the perimeter of golf club head 100 . Referring to FIG. 9A , golf club head 100 further includes a forward portion 112 , rearward portion 112 , crown portion 119 , sole portion 117 , heel portion 116 , toe portion 114 and skirt portion 121 collectively defined and enclosed by Inner cavity 113 .

The ball striking face 145 extends along the forward portion 112 from the sole portion 117 to the crown portion 119 and from the toe portion 114 to the heel portion 116 . Additionally, at least a portion of the ball striking face 145 and the inner surface 166 of the forward portion 112 opposite the ball striking face 145 is flat in the top-to-bottom direction. As further defined, the ball striking face 145 faces in a generally forward direction. In some examples, the ball striking face 145 is co-formed with the body 102 . In such an example, the minimum thickness of the forward portion 112 at the ball striking face 145 is between 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm and the maximum thickness of the forward portion 112 at the ball striking face 145 is less than 3.7 mm. In some examples, the inner surface 166 of the forward portion 112 opposite the ball striking face 145 is not chemically etched and has an alpha shell thickness of no more than 0.30 mm.

Referring to FIGS. 9B and 41 , in some examples, the golf club head 100 includes a blade 143 that is not co-formed with the body 102 . The blade 143 is formed separately from the body 102 and attached to the body 102, such as via bonding, welding, brazing, fastening, or the like. As shown, the blade 143 defines the ball striking face 145 of the golf club head 100 . In these examples, the body 102 includes a plate opening 149 at the forward portion 112 of the golf club head 100 and a plate opening recessed flange 147 extending continuously around the plate opening 149 . In some examples, the plate opening recess flange 147 is non-planar or curved. The inner circumference of the plate opening recessed flange 147 defines the plate opening 149 . The plate opening recessed flange 147 is divided into at least a top plate opening recessed flange 147A extending adjacently in the heel-to-toe direction along the crown portion 119 of the golf club head 100 and along the sole of the golf club head 100 The portion 117 extends adjacently in the heel-to-toe direction to the bottom plate opening recessed flange 147B. Although not shown, the plate opening recessed flange is further divided into a toe plate opening recessed flange and a heel plate opening recessed flange. Some features of the plate opening recessed flange can be found in US Patent No. 9,278,267, issued March 8, 2016, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

As shown in FIG. 9B, the top plate opening recessed flange 147A has a width (TPLW) and a thickness (TPLT). The width TPLW is defined from the inner circumference of the flange 147A defining the plate opening 149 to the maximum distance from the inner circumference of the adhesive surface of the flange 147A. long range distance. Thickness TPLT is defined as the thickness of the material that defines the adhesion surface of flange 147A. In some instances, recess 190 (eg, an interior recess) is formed in the inner surface of body 102 and has a depth extending in a rear-to-front direction such that, in a bottom-to-crown direction, recess 190 is located at the top plate opening Between the recessed flange 147A and the top of the golf club head 100 . In other words, the recess 190 overlaps the top plate opening recess flange 147A in the crown-to-bottom direction. Notably, behind recess 190 , the thickness of the crown may locally increase such that the thickness of the crown portion near where the crown insert engages the club head is thicker than at recess 190 . Doing so strengthens the overall structure of the crown joint and relieves stress in the composite crown joint. Otherwise, the composite crown joint may be prone to cracking in this area, resulting in premature failure of the composite crown joint due to casting cracking and/or glue failure.

Referring to FIGS. 30-32 , in some examples, golf club head 100 further includes an internal mass pad 129 formed in crown portion 119 at a location adjacent to deck opening recessed flange 168 . The inner mass pad 129 is also located between and offset (eg, spaced apart) between the heel portion 116 and the toe portion 114 of the golf club head 100 . In some examples, a portion of recess 190 is formed in inner mass pad 129 . The inner mass pad 129 extends only a portion of the length of the roof opening recessed flange 168 . The length of the top plate opening recessed flange 168 extends in the heel-to-toe direction. Additionally, in some examples, the top plate opening recessed flange 168 is non-planar or curved. According to some examples, the thickness (WT) of the crown portion at the recess 190 is thicker at the inner mass pad 129 (see eg, FIG. 31 ) than away from the inner mass pad 129 (see eg, FIG. 32 ).

In some instances, the width TPLW of the top plate opening recessed flange 147A is greater than 4.5 mm (eg, greater than 5.0 mm in some instances, and greater than 5.5 mm but less than 8.0 mm in other instances, preferably less than 8.0 mm in some instances) 7.0mm). In some examples, the ratio of the width TPLW to the maximum height of the blade 143 is between 0.08 and 0.15. In the same or different examples, the ratio of the width TPLW to the maximum height of the plate opening 149 is between 0.07 and 0.15, the Such as 0.1, where in some instances the maximum height of the plate opening 149 is between 50-60 mm, eg 53 mm.

According to some examples, the thickness TPLT of the top plate opening recessed flange 147A is between a minimum of 0.8 mm and a maximum of 1.7 mm (eg, between 0.9 mm and 1.6 mm in some examples, and in other examples, at between 0.95mm and 1.5mm). As shown, the thickness TPLT away from the inner circumference of flange 147A is greater than the thickness at the inner circumference of flange 147A. Thus, in some examples, thickness TPLT varies along width TPLW of flange 147A. For example, as shown, the thickness TPLT tapers or decreases in the crown-to-bottom direction (eg, toward the center of the plate opening 149 ). In some examples, the top flange thickness TPLT of the top plate opening recessed flange 147A is varied such that the maximum value of the top flange thickness TPLT is 30% to 60% greater than the minimum value of the top flange thickness TPLT. In certain examples, the ratio of the thickness TPLT to the thickness of the blade is between 0.2 and 1.2. According to some examples, the ratio of width TPLW to thickness TPLT is between 2.6 and 10.

The floor opening recessed flange 147B has a width (BPLW) and a thickness (BPLT). The width BPLW is defined as the distance from the inner circumference of the flange 147B that defines the plate opening 149 to the farthest extent of the adhesion surface of the flange 147B away from the inner circumference. Thickness BPLT is defined as the thickness of the material that defines the adhesion surface of flange 147B.

In some instances, the width BPLW of the floor opening recessed flange 147B is greater than 4.5 mm (eg, greater than 5.0 mm in some instances, and greater than 5.5 mm but less than 8.0 mm in other instances, preferably less than 8.0 mm in some instances) 7.0mm). In some examples, the ratio of the width BPLW to the maximum height of the blade 143 is between 0.08 and 0.15. In the same or different examples, the ratio of the width BPLW to the maximum height of the plate opening 149 is between 0.07 and 0.15, such as 0.1, where in some examples the maximum height of the plate opening 149 is between 50-60 mm, such as 53 mm .

According to some examples, the thickness BPLT of the bottom plate opening recessed flange 147B is between 0.8 mm and 1.7 mm (eg, between 0.9 mm and 1.6 mm in some examples, and between 0.95 mm and 1.5 mm in other examples) ). As shown, the thickness BPLT away from the inner circumference of flange 147B is greater than the thickness at the inner circumference of flange 147B. Thus, in some examples, thickness BPLT varies along width BPLW of flange 147B. For example, as shown, the thickness BPLT decreases in the bottom-to-crown direction (eg, toward the center of the plate opening 149). In some examples, the bottom flange thickness BPLT of the floor opening recessed flange 147B is varied such that the maximum value of the bottom flange thickness BPLT is 30% to 60% greater than the minimum value of the bottom flange thickness BPLT. In some examples, the ratio of the thickness BPLT to the thickness of the blade is between 0.2 and 1.2. According to some examples, the ratio of width BPLW to thickness BPLT is between 2.6 and 10.

As shown, the blade 143 is attached to the body 102 by securing the blade 143 into engagement with at least the top plate opening recessed flange 147A and the sole plate opening recessed flange 147B in place. When engaged to the top plate opening recessed flange 147A and the sole plate opening recessed flange 147B in this manner, the blade 143 covers or closes the plate opening 149 . Additionally, the deck opening recessed flange 147A and the blade 143 are sized, shaped and positioned relative to the crown portion 119 of the golf club head 100 such that the blade 143 when engaged in place with the deck opening recessed flange 147A Adjacent crown portion 119 . The blade 143 adjacent the crown portion 119 defines the top line of the golf club head 100 . Furthermore, in some instances, the visible appearance of the blade 143 contrasts sufficiently with the appearance of the crown portion 119 of the golf club head 100 to significantly enhance the topline of the golf club head 100 . Because the blade 143 is formed separately from the main body 102 , the blade 143 may be made of a material different from that of the main body 102 . In one example, the blade 143 is made of a fiber reinforced polymeric material, as described below.

Notably, the TPLW, TPLT, BPLW, and BPLT dimensions help control the local stiffness of the club head and ensure that there is sufficient bonding area to bond the blade to the body 102 . If formed from a fiber reinforced polymeric material, the modulus of the blade will be substantially different from the modulus of the body formed of a metallic material, resulting in a difference in stiffness or compliance between the two, and during striking of the blade and due to With different moduli, the body will move at different rates unless precautions are taken in the design to account for stiffness differences. The recess 190, TPLW, TPLT, BPLW and BPLT dimensions all play a role in controlling the overall compliance and velocity of the ball striking face and body during impact. In addition, TPLW and BPLW help to ensure sufficient bonding area and facial performance. Too small a bonding area and the bond will fail, too large a bonding area and the hitting face will not function, i.e. the coefficient of restitution cannot be optimized, and in some instances too large a bonding area will cause the hitting face to move away from the club due to differences in stiffness Peeling on the head. Therefore, the dimensions of TPLW, TPLT, BPLW and BPLT contribute to the overall performance of the club head and help avoid bond or glue failure. In some examples, the bond area will be in the range of 850 mm ² to 1800 mm ² , preferably between 1,300 mm ² and 1,500 mm ² . In some examples, the ratio of the bond area to the inner surface area of the blade (the rear surface area of the blade) will be in the range of 21% to 45%. In some instances, the total bonded area of the blade will be less than the total bonded area of the crown insert. In some examples, the flange widths TPLW and/or BPLW will be less than the flange widths of the forward crown opening recessed flange 168A (front to back as measured along the y-axis).

Referring to FIG. 31 , a layer of adhesive 144 bonds the blade 143 to the body 102 . Forward portion 112 includes sidewalls 146 that define the depth of plate opening recessed flange 147 and define the radially outer periphery of plate opening recessed flange 147 away from the center of plate opening 149 . The side walls 146 are angled (eg, acute, obtuse, or right) relative to the plate opening recess flange 147 . In some examples, the angle defined between the sidewall 146 and the plate opening recess flange 147 is between 70° and 120°. In some instances, the angle defined between sidewall 146 and plate opening recess flange 147 is greater than 90°. The body 102 further includes a transition portion between the plate opening recessed flange 147 and the side wall 146 . In some examples, the transition portion defines a radial surface that couples the surfaces of the plate opening recess flange 147 and sidewall 146 together. The adhesive layer 144 is interposed between the plate opening recess flange 147 and the blade 143 and between the side wall 146 and the blade 143 . In some examples, the thickness (LT) of the adhesive layer 144 between the plate opening recess flange 147 and the blade 143 is greater than the thickness (ST) of the adhesive layer 144 between the sidewall 146 and the blade 143 . according to a A specific example, the thickness (LT) of the adhesive layer 144 between the plate opening recessed flange 147 and the blade 143 is between 0.25 mm and 0.45 mm, and the adhesive layer between the side wall 146 and the blade 143 The thickness (ST) of 144 is between 0.15mm and 0.25mm.

In some examples, the blade may have a maximum panel height of no more than 55mm, as measured along the z-axis through the origin of the club head, preferably no more than 55mm and no less than 40mm, even more preferably between 49mm and 54mm between. In some cases, blades formed from fiber reinforced polymeric materials may have a diameter of no more than 4,180mm ² , and preferably between 3,200mm ² and 4,180mm ² , more preferably between 3,500mm ² and 4,180mm ² front surface area. According to some examples, the ball striking face 145 has a first convex radius of at least 300 mm and a first rolling radius of at least 250 mm. In general, bump radii greater than 300mm have better CT creep rates, and club heads with bumps have bump radii of no less than 300mm and roll radii in the range of 30-50mm of bump radii perform well.

Golf club head 1r00 includes a body 102, a crown insert 108 (or crown panel) attached to the body 102 at the top of the golf club head 100, and a sole attached to the body 102 at the bottom of the golf club head 100 Insert 110 (or bottom panel) (see eg Figures 10 and 11). Thus, the body 102 effectively provides a frame to which one or more inserts, panels or plates are attached. The body 102 includes a cast cup 104 and a ring 106 (eg, a rear ring). Ring 106 is joined to casting cup 104 at toe-side joint 112A and heel-side joint 112B. The cast cup 104 defines at least a portion of the forward portion 112 of the golf club head 100 . Ring 106 defines at least a portion of rearward portion 112 of golf club head 100 . Additionally, the casting cup 104 defines a crown portion 119 , a bottom portion 117 , a heel portion 116 , a toe portion 114 and a portion of the skirt portion 121 . Similarly, ring 106 defines a portion of heel portion 116 , toe portion 114 and skirt portion 121 .

The casting cup 104 (or just the cup) is cup-shaped. More specifically, As shown in FIG. 14, the cast cup 104 including the ball striking face 145 is closed at one end by the ball striking face 145 and closed on four sides (eg, by crown portion 119, sole portion 117, toe portion 114 and heel portion) portion 116 closed), they extend substantially laterally from the ball striking face 145 and are open at the end opposite the ball striking face 145. Thus, the cast cup 104 resembles a cup or cup-shaped unit when coupled to the ball striking face 145 .

Ring 106 is not circumferentially closed or does not form a continuous annular or circular shape. Instead, the ring 106 is circumferentially open and defines a generally semi-circular shape. Thus, as defined herein, ring 106 is referred to as a ring because it has an annular, semi-circular shape and when engaged to casting cup 104 forms a circumferentially closed or annular shape with casting cup 104 .

The casting cup 104 is formed separately from the ring 106 and the ring 106 is then joined to the casting cup 104 . Accordingly, the body 102 has an at least two-piece construction, wherein the casting cup 104 defines one piece of the body 102 and the ring 106 defines the other piece of the body 102 . Accordingly, a seam is defined at each of the toe-side joint 112A and heel-side joint 112B where the casting cup 104 and ring 106 abut. Cast cup 104 and ring 106 are separately formed using any of a variety of manufacturing techniques. In one example, casting cup 104 and ring 106 are formed using a casting process. Since the casting cup 104 and the ring 106 are formed separately, the casting cup 104 and the ring 106 may be made of different materials. For example, the casting cup 104 may be made of a first material and the ring 106 may be made of a second material different from the first material.

14 and 15, the casting cup 104 includes a toe-ring engagement surface 150A and a heel-ring engagement surface 150B. Similarly, ring 106 includes a toe-cup engagement surface 152A and a heel-cup engagement surface 152B. The toe side joint 112A is formed by abutting and securing together the toe-ring engaging surface 150A of the casting cup 104 and the toe-cup engaging surface 152A of the ring 106 and the heel-ring engaging surface 150B of the casting cup 104 and the heel-ring engaging surface 150B of the ring 106 . Cup engagement surfaces 152B are formed to abut and secure together. The joining surfaces may be secured together via any suitable securing technique, such as welding, brazing, adhesives, mechanical fasteners, and the like.

To help strengthen and strengthen the toe joint 112A and heel joint 112B, complementary mating elements may be incorporated into or coupled to the engagement surface. In the illustrated example, the cast cup 104 includes a toe protrusion 154A protruding from the toe-ring engaging surface 150A and a heel protrusion 154B protruding from the heel-ring engaging surface 150B. In contrast, in the illustrated example, ring 106 includes toe receptacles 156A formed in toe-cup engagement surface 152A and heel receptacles 156B formed in heel-cup engagement surface 152B. When the engagement surfaces abut each other to form a joint, toe protrusion 154A mates with toe receiver 156A (eg, is received within toe receiver 156A) and heel protrusion 154B mates with heel receiver 156B (eg, is received within toe receiver 156A) , received in heel receptacle 156B). Although in the illustrated example the toe and heel tabs 154A and 154B form part of the cast cup 104 and the toe and heel receptacles 156B form part of the ring 106, in other instances the mating elements It may be reversed such that toe and heel tabs 154A and 154B form part of ring 106 and toe and heel receptacles 156B form part of cast cup 104 . Furthermore, different types of complementary mating elements, such as tabs and notches, may also be used in addition to or instead of projections and receptacles.

In some examples, the toe joint 112A and heel joint 112B are located a sufficient distance from the ball striking face 145 to avoid potential failure due to the hard blows experienced by the golf club head 100 when hitting a golf ball. For example, each of the toe joint 112A and heel joint 112B may be spaced apart by at least 20 mm, at least 30 mm, at least 40 mm, at least 50 mm, at least 60 mm and/or 20 mm to 70 mm rearward of the center plane 183 of the ball striking face 145, such as along the Measured from the y-axis (forward-backward direction) of the club head origin coordinate system 185 . 14, according to some examples, a first distance D1 from ball striking face 145 to heel-ring engagement surface 150B is less than a second distance D2 from ball striking face 145 to toe-ring engagement surface 150A. In other words, in some examples, the casting cup 104 extends a shorter distance rearward from the ball striking face 145 at the heel portion 116 than at the toe portion 114 .

10-13, the main body 102 includes a crown opening 162 and a base Opening 164. Crown opening 162 is located at crown portion 119 of golf club head 100 and provides access from the top of golf club head 100 into cavity 113 of golf club head 100 when open. In contrast, the sole opening 164 is located at the sole portion 117 of the golf club head 100 and provides access from the sole of the golf club head 100 into the interior cavity 113 of the golf club head 100 when open. Corresponding sections of crown opening 162 and bottom opening 164 are defined by casting cup 104 and ring 106 . 10-15, the forward section 162A of the crown opening 162 and the forward section 164A of the bottom opening 164 are defined by the casting cup 104, and the rearward section 162B and the bottom opening of the crown opening 162 are defined by the casting cup 104. The rearward section 164B of 164 is defined by the ring 106 . Thus, when the casting cup 104 and the ring 106 are engaged together, the forward section 162A and the rearward section 162B together define the crown opening 162 and the forward section 164A and the rearward section 164B together define the bottom opening 164 .

The casting cup 104 additionally includes a forward crown opening recessed flange 168A and a forward bottom opening recessed flange 170A. Ring 106 includes rearward crown opening recessed flange 168B and rearward bottom opening recessed flange 170B. Forward sole opening recessed flange 170A and rearward sole opening recessed flange 170B form sole opening recessed flange 170 of golf club head 100 . Additionally, in some examples, the bottom opening recessed flange 170 is non-planar or curved. The flange is offset from the outer surface of the body 102 surrounding the flange inward toward the lumen 113 by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the crown insert 108 and bottom insert 110 . In some examples, the offset of the flanges from the outer surface of the body 102 is approximately equal to the corresponding thicknesses of the crown insert 108 and bottom insert 110 such that the inserts, when attached to the flanges, correspond to the corresponding surrounding outer surfaces of the body 102 flush. However, in some instances, crown insert 108 and bottom insert 110 need not be flush with the surrounding outer surface of body 102 when engaged in place with the corresponding flanges (eg, may be raised or recessed relative thereto) . In some instances, the thickness of the bottom insert 110 is greater than the thickness of the crown insert 108 . Additionally, the bottom insert 110 is constructed of a first number of stacked plies, each made of fiber-reinforced polymeric material, and the crown insert 108 is constructed of a second number of stacked plies, each of fiber-reinforced polymeric material material. In some examples, the first number of stacked sheets is greater than the second number of stacked sheets.

Forward crown opening recessed flange 168A and rearward crown opening recessed flange 168B together define crown opening recessed flange 168 of body 102 when casting cup 104 and ring 106 are engaged, and forward bottom opening recessed flange Rim 170A and rearwardly open bottom recessed flange 170B together define a bottom open recessed flange 170 of body 102 . The inner perimeter of the forward crown opening recessed flange 168A defines the forward segment 162A of the crown opening 162 and the inner perimeter of the rearward crown opening recessed flange 168B defines the rearward segment 162B of the crown opening 162 . Likewise, the inner perimeter of forward bottom opening recessed flange 170A defines the outer perimeter of forward segment 164A of bottom opening 164 and the inner perimeter of rearward bottom opening recessed flange 170B defines the rearward segment of bottom opening 164 The perimeter of 164B. Thus, the inner perimeter of crown opening recessed flange 168 defines the perimeter of crown opening 162 and the inner perimeter of bottom opening recessed flange 170 defines the perimeter of bottom opening 164 .

31 , the thickness of the body 102 at the crown portion 119 decreases from the forward extension 132 of the crown opening recessed flange 168 in the rearward to forward direction, and in the forward to rearward direction The forward extension 132 of the upper recessed flange 168 from the crown opening decreases. This results in a localized increase in thickness at the forward extension 132 , which helps to strengthen and strengthen the joint between the main body 102 and the crown insert 108 .

The crown insert 108 and the bottom insert 110 are formed separately from each other and from the main body 102 . Thus, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 , the crown insert 108 and the bottom insert 110 are attached to the main body 102 . In some examples, the crown insert 108 is located and adhered (such as by an adhesive) to the crown opening recessed flange 168 and the bottom insert 110 is located and adhered (such as by an adhesive) to the bottom opening recessed flange 170. In this manner, the crown insert 108 closes or covers the crown opening 162 and at least partially defines the crown portion 119 of the golf club head 100, and the sole insert 110 closes or covers the sole opening 164 and at least partially defines the golf ball Bottom portion 117 of club head 100 .

Crown insert 108 and bottom insert 110 may have any of a variety of shapes. 4, in one example, the crown insert 108 is shaped such that the position corresponding to the peak crown height (PCH) of the golf club head 100 is behind the hosel 120 of the golf club head 100 and is in the golf ball The rear of the hosel axis 191 of the hosel 120 of the head 100 . The peak crown height is the maximum crown height of the golf club head, where the crown height at a given location along the golf club head is from the ground level 181 to the given location when the golf club head is in the aiming position on the ground plane The distance from the highest point of the crown part. In some instances, the crown height of golf club head 100 increases in a fore-aft direction away from ball striking face 145 and then decreases. In certain examples, the portion or outer surface of the crown portion that defines the peak crown height is made of at least one first material. According to some examples, a first crown height is defined in the forward crown region where the club face is connected to a club face to crown transition region of the crown portion of the club head, and the second crown height is defined in the crown portion A crown-to-skirt transition region that is partially connected to the skirt of the golf club head near the rear end of the golf club head, and a maximum crown height is defined behind the first crown height and forward of the second crown height, wherein the maximum crown height is The crown height is greater than the first crown height and the second crown height. In some instances, the maximum crown height occurs in the toe direction of the geometric center of the ball striking face. According to some examples, the maximum crown height is formed by a non-metallic composite crown insert.

Referring to Figure 3, the peak skirt height (shown as being associated with position (PSH)) is the maximum skirt height of the golf club head, where the skirt height at a given location along the golf club head is the maximum skirt height when the golf club The distance from the ground plane to the uppermost point of the skirt portion at the rearmost point of the skirt portion on the golf club head when the head is in the aiming position on the ground plane.

According to some examples, the ratio of the peak crown height of crown portion 119 to the skirt peak height of skirt portion 121 ranges from about 0.45 to 0.59, preferably 0.49-0.55, and in one example, the skirt height is About 34mm and the peak crown height is about 65mm, which results in a peak skirt height to peak crown height ratio of about 0.52. Peak skirt height is usually between 28mm and 38mm, preferably 31mm to 36mm. The peak crown height is generally in the range between 60mm and 70mm, preferably between 62mm and 67mm. It is desirable to limit the difference between peak crown height and peak skirt height to no more than 40mm, preferably between 27mm and 35mm. The desired peak skirt height is equal to or greater than the Z-up value of the golf club head, ie, the vertical distance from the ground plane 181 to the center of gravity along the z-axis. Ideally the peak crown height is two times (2x) greater than the Z-up value of the golf club head. The larger peak skirt height may contribute to better aerodynamics and better airflow attachments, especially for faster swing speeds. Likewise, if the difference between the peak crown height and the peak skirt height is too great, there is a greater likelihood that the flow will separate from the golf club head earlier, ie, the likelihood of turbulent flow increases.

The variety of configurations and materials of golf club head 100 enables golf club head 100 to have a desired center of gravity (CG) location and peak height location. In one example, the y-axis coordinate of the location of the peak crown height (PCH) on the y-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185 is between about 26 mm and about 42 mm. In the same or a different example, when the golf club head 100 is in the aiming position, the distance from the ground plane 181 to the position of the peak crown height (PCH) parallel to the z-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185 is 60 mm between 70mm, preferably between 62mm and 67mm, as described above. According to some examples, the y-axis coordinate of the center of gravity (CG) of the golf club head 100 on the y-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185 is between 25mm and 50mm, preferably between 32mm and 38mm, more preferably between 32mm and 38mm. In the range between 36.5mm and 42mm, the center of gravity (CG) of the golf club head 100 has an x-axis coordinate on the x-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185 between -10mm and 10mm, preferably at - Between 6mm and 6mm, and more preferably in the range between -7mm and 7mm, and the z-axis coordinate of the center of gravity (CG) of the golf club head 100 on the z-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185 is less than 2mm , such as between -10mm and 2mm, preferably between -7mm and -2mm.

In addition, the variety of construction and materials of golf club head 100 enables golf club head 100 to have desirable mass distribution characteristics. Referring to Figure 3, 5 and 6, the golf club head 100 includes a rearward mass and a forward mass. The rearward mass of the golf club head 100 is defined as the mass of the golf club head 100 within an imaginary rearward box 133 having a direction parallel to the crown to the sole (parallel to the golf ball). A height (HRB) of 35 mm in the z-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185), a depth (DRB) of 35 mm in the fore-aft direction (parallel to the y-axis of the golf club head origin coordinate system 185), and a The width (WRB) in the toe-to-heel direction (parallel to the x-axis of the golf club head origin coordinate system 185 ) that is greater than the maximum width of the golf club head 100 . As shown, when the golf club head 100 is in the aiming position on the ground plane 181, the rear side of the imaginary rearward facing box 133 is coextensive with the rearmost end of the golf club head 100, and the imaginary rearward facing box The bottom side of 133 is coextensive with ground plane 181 . The forward mass of the golf club head 100 is defined as the mass of the golf club head 100 within an imaginary forward box 135 having a height of 20mm parallel to the crown-to-sole direction (HFB), a depth in the fore-aft direction (DFB) of 35 mm, and a width (WFB) in the toe-to-heel direction that is greater than the maximum width of the golf club head 100 . As shown, when the golf club head 100 is in the aiming position on the ground plane 181, the front side of the imaginary forward box 135 is coextensive with the forwardmost end of the golf club head 100, and the imaginary forward box 135 The bottom side is coextensive with ground plane 181 .

According to some examples, the first vector distance (V1 ) from the center of gravity (RMCG) of the rearward mass to the CG of the driver golf club head is between 49 mm and 64 mm (eg, 55.7 mm), from the center of gravity of the forward mass (FMCG) The second vector distance (V2) to the CG of the driver golf club head is between 22mm and 34mm (eg, 29.0mm), and from the CG of the rearward mass (RMCG) to the CG of the forward mass The third vector distance (V3) of the CG (FMCG) is between 75mm and 82mm (eg, 79.75mm). In some instances, V1 does not exceed 56.3mm. In some examples, V2 is no less than 23.7 mm, preferably no less than 25 mm, or even more preferably no less than 27 mm. Vl and V2 for various examples of golf club head 100 are provided in Table 1 below relative to Zup and Some added value to the CGy value. As defined herein, the Zup measures the golf club head along a vertical axis (eg, the z-axis parallel to the club head origin coordinate system 185 ) when the golf club head 100 is in the correct aiming position on the ground contact plane 181 . 100 is the center of gravity relative to ground plane 181. CGy is the coordinate of the center of gravity of the golf club head 100 on the y-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185 .

Crown insert 108 has a crown insert outer surface that defines an outwardly facing surface or outer surface of crown portion 119 . Similarly, bottom insert 110 has a bottom insert outer surface that defines an outwardly facing surface or outer surface of bottom portion 117 . As defined herein, if multiple crown inserts or multiple base inserts are used, the crown insert outer surface and the base insert exterior surface respectively comprise a combination of multiple crown inserts and multiple base inserts the outer surface. In one example, the total surface area of the outer surface of the bottom insert is less than the total surface area of the outer surface of the crown insert. According to one example, the total surface area of the outer surface of the crown insert is at least 9,482 mm ² . In one example, the bottom insert outer surface has a total surface area of at least 8,750 mm ² and the bottom insert has a maximum width parallel to the heel-to-toe direction of at least between 80 mm and 120 mm. The total surface area of the outer surface of the crown insert may be in the range of 5,300mm ² to 11,000mm ² , preferably 9,200mm ² to 10,300mm ² , preferably 5,300mm ² to 7,000mm ² Inside. The total surface area of the bottom insert outer surface may be in the range of 4,300mm ² to 10,200mm ² , preferably 7,700mm ² to 9,900mm ² , preferably 4,300mm ² to 6,600mm ² .

Preferably, where at least a portion of the base is formed from a composite material, the total surface area of the outer surface of the base insert is greater than the total surface area of the exterior surface of the base insert. In some examples, the ratio of the total surface area of the outer surface of the crown insert formed of the composite material to the total surface area of the outer surface of the bottom insert formed of the composite material may be at least 2:1, in other examples the ratio may be is between 0.95 and 1.5, more preferably between 1.03 and 1.4, even more preferably between 1.05 and 1.3. In this example, the density of the composite material is typically between about 1 g/cc and about 2 g/cc, and preferably between about 1.3 g/cc and about 1.7 g/cc.

In some embodiments, the total exposed composite surface area in square centimeters multiplied by CGy in centimeters and the result divided by the volume in cubic centimeters may range from 1.22 to 2.1, preferably 1.24 to Between 1.65, even better between 1.49 and 2.1, even better between 1.7 and 2.1.

Furthermore, in some instances, the total mass of crown insert 108 is less than the total mass of bottom insert 110 . According to some examples, where the crown insert 108 and the bottom insert 110 are made of fiber reinforced polymeric material and the body 102 is made of a metallic material, the total exposed surface area of the body 102 is the same as the crown insert 108 and the bottom insert The ratio of the total exposed surface area (eg, the surface area of the outward facing surface) of 110 is between 0.95 and 1.25 (eg, 1.08). In some examples, the crown insert 108 has a mass of 9 grams, whether single or multiple, and the bottom insert 110, whether single or multiple, has a mass of 13 grams. Furthermore, in some examples, the crown insert 108 is about 0.65 mm thick and the bottom insert 110 is about 1.0 mm thick. However, in some instances, the minimum thickness of the crown portion 119 is less than 0.6 mm. According to some examples, the areal weight of the crown portion 119 of the golf club head 100 is less than 0.35 g/cm ^over more than 50% of the entire surface area of the crown portion 119 and/or at least a portion of the crown portion 119 has a density of about Formed from non-metallic materials between 1 g/cm ³ to about 2 g/cm ³ . These and other characteristics of crown insert 108 and bottom insert 110 can be found in US Patent Application Publication No. 2020/0121994, published April 23, 2020, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In certain examples, the areal weight of the bottom portion 117 is less than about 0.35 g/cm ² over more than about 50% of the entire surface area of the bottom portion 117 . In some instances, the areal weight of the crown insert 108 is less than the areal weight of the bottom insert 110 . In certain examples, at least 50% of the crown portion 119 has a variable thickness that varies by at least 25% along at least 50% of the crown portion 119 .

The cast cup 104 of the body 102 also includes a hosel 120 that defines a hosel axis 191 that extends coaxially through the bore 193 of the hosel 120 (see, eg, FIG. 14 ). The hosel 120 is configured to attach to the shaft of the golf club. In some instances, the hosel 120 facilitates including a flight control technology (FCT) system 123 between the hosel 120 and the shaft to control the positioning of the golf club head 100 relative to the shaft.

The FCT system 123 may include fasteners 125 that are accessible through lower openings 195 formed in the bottom region of the casting cup 104 . Additional examples of the FCT system 123 are shown in association with the golf club head 400 of FIGS. 19 and 20 having a hosel 420 and a lower opening 495 to facilitate attachment of the FCT system 123 to the body 102 . The FCT system 123 includes a plurality of movable components mounted within and extending from the hosel 120 . The fasteners 125 facilitate the adjustability of the FCT system 123 system by loosening the fasteners 125 and maintaining the adjustable position of the golf club head relative to the shaft by tightening the fasteners 125 . The lower opening 195 leads to the hole 193 of the hosel 120 . To facilitate any increase in mass, the inner portion 127 of the hosel 120 (ie, the portion of the hosel 120 that is located within the lumen 113 ) includes a lateral opening 189 leading to the lumen 113 . Due to the lateral opening 189 , the inner portion 127 of the hosel 120 only partially surrounds the FCT component extending through the bore 193 of the hosel 120 . In some examples, the height of the lateral opening 189 in a direction parallel to the hosel axis 191 is between 10 mm and 15 mm, and the width of the lateral opening 189 in a direction perpendicular to the hosel axis 191 is at least 1 radian and/or lateral The protruding area of the opening 189 is at least 75 mm ² .

Referring to FIG. 15 , in some examples, casting cup 104 includes a ball striking face 145 . In other words, in some instances, the ball striking face 145 is co-formed (eg, co-cast) with all other portions of the casting cup 104 . Thus, in these examples, the ball striking face 145 is made of the same material as the rest of the cast cup 104 . However, in other examples, similar to those associated with the golf club heads of FIGS. 17-18 , the ball striking face 145 is defined by a blade that is formed separately from the cast cup 104 and attached separately to Cast cup 104 . According to certain examples, the portion of the golf club head 100 that defines the ball striking face 145 or the blade that defines the ball striking face 145 includes those described in US Patent Application Nos. 12/006,060; and US Patent Application Nos. 6,997,820; 6,800,038; and 6,824,475 Those similar variable thickness features are described in more detail, the entire contents of these patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

21 illustrates an example rear surface of a face portion 600 of one or more golf club heads disclosed herein. In Figure 21, the rear surface is viewed from the rear with the hosel/heel on the left and the toe on the right. 22 and 23 illustrate another example face portion 700 having a variable thickness profile, and Fig. 24 illustrates yet another example face portion 800 having a variable thickness profile. The variable thickness profile of the face portion 700 is formed by tapered protrusions, which in some instances may have a geometric center toward the geometric center of the ball striking face. The facial parts disclosed herein may be formed as a result of the casting process and optional post-casting modifications to the facial parts. Thus, the facial portion can have a variety of novel thickness profiles. For example, in one example, the thickness of the forward portion at the ball striking face varies by at least 25% along the ball striking face. By casting the face to the desired geometry, rather than forming panels from flat-rolled sheet metal in the traditional process, the face can be made in a wider variety of geometries and can have different material properties such as different grain direction and chemical impurity content, which provide advantages in golf ball performance and manufacturing.

In the traditional process, the panels are made of flat metal of uniform thickness. The sheet metal is usually rolled along one axis to reduce the thickness to a full a uniform thickness on a sheet. This rolling process can impart a grain direction in the sheet, which produces different material properties in the direction of the rolling axis compared to the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction. This variation in material properties may be undesirable and can be avoided by using the disclosed casting method instead to create the face portion.

Furthermore, because traditional panels start out as flat sheets of uniform thickness, the thickness of the entire panel must be at least as great as the maximum thickness of the final product panel desired, which means that most of the starting panel material has to be removed and wasted , thereby increasing the material cost. In contrast, in the disclosed casting method, the closer the face portion is initially formed to its final shape and quality, the less material must be removed and wasted. This saves time and cost.

Going a step further, in the traditional process, the initially flat metal sheet must be bent in a special process to give the panel the desired convex and rolling curvature. Such a bending process is not required when using the disclosed casting method.

The unique thickness profiles illustrated in Figures 22-25 are made possible by using casting methods, such as those disclosed in US Pat. No. 10,874,915, issued on December 29, 2020, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, And it has not been possible before using conventional processes, such as starting with a sheet of metal of uniform thickness, mounting the sheet in a lathe or similar machine and turning the sheet to create a variable thickness profile in the rear of the panel. In such a turning process, the imparted thickness profile must be symmetrical about the central turning axis, which restricts the thickness profile to a combination of concentric ring shapes, each with a uniform thickness at any given radius from the center point thickness. In contrast, using the disclosed casting method imposes no such limitations, and more complex facial geometries can be created.

By using casting methods, large numbers of disclosed club heads can be manufactured faster and more efficiently. For example, 50 or more club heads can be cast simultaneously on a single casting tree, whereas using traditional lathe milling methods to create novel face thickness profiles on the faceplate one at a time takes longer and requires more resources source.

In Figure 22, the back surface or inner surface of the face portion 600 includes an asymmetric variable thickness profile, illustrating only one example of the many variable thickness profiles possible using the disclosed casting method. The center 602 of the face may have a center thickness, and the face thickness may move radially outward from the center in incrementally increasing amounts through the inner mixing zone 603 to a maximum thickness ring 604, which may be circular. The face thickness may be moved in progressively decreasing directions from the maximum thickness ring 604 through the variable mixing zone 606 to a second ring 608, which may be non-circular, such as elliptical. From the second ring 608 radially outward through the outer mixing region 609 to the heel and toe regions 610 of constant thickness (eg, the minimum thickness of the face portion) and/or to the face that defines the face portion 600 to the golf ball The radial peripheral region 612 of the extent of the remainder of the head 100, the face thickness may be moved in progressively decreasing directions.

The second ring 608 itself may have a variable thickness profile such that the thickness of the second ring 608 varies as a function of circumferential position about the center 602 . Similarly, variable blending region 606 may have a thickness profile that varies as a function of circumferential position about center 602 and provides a variable and smaller thickness thickness transition from maximum thickness ring 604 to second ring 608 . For example, variable blend region 606 to second ring 608 may be divided into eight sectors, labeled A-H in FIG. 22, including top region A, top toe region B, toe region C, bottom toe region D , bottom area E, bottom heel area F, heel area G and top heel area H. The eight regions may have different angular widths as shown, or may each have the same angular width (eg, one eighth of 360 degrees). Each of the eight regions may have its own thickness variation, each ranging from a common maximum thickness adjacent to the ring 604 to a different minimum thickness at the second ring 608 . For example, the second ring may be thicker in regions A and E, thinner in regions C and G, and have intermediate thicknesses in regions B, D, F, and H. In this example, the thicknesses of regions B, D, F, and H may vary in the radial direction (moving radially outward to thin) and in the circumferential direction (moving thinning from regions A and E to regions C and G).

One example of face portion 600 may have the following thicknesses: 3.1 mm at center 602, 3.3 mm at ring 604, second ring 608 may vary from 2.8 mm in zone A to 2.2 mm in zone C to zone 2.4mm in E varies to 2.0mm in region G and 1.8mm in heel and toe regions 610 .

According to one example, ring 604 may be about 8 mm from center 602 and ring 608 may be about 19 mm from center 602 . The thickness of the face portion 600 at the center 602 may be between 2.8mm and 3.0mm. The thickness of the face portion 600 along the ring 604 may be between 2.9 mm and 3.1 mm. The thickness of the face portion 600 along the ring 608 may be between 2.35mm and 2.55mm near the area A, the thickness near the area C may be between 2.3mm and 2.5mm, and the thickness near the area E may be between 2.1mm and 2.3mm , and the thickness near the region G may be between 2.6mm and 2.8mm. The thickness of the face portion 600 at about 35mm away from the center 602 may be between 1.7mm and 1.9mm.

According to yet another example, the thickness of the face portion 600 is between 2.95mm and 3.35mm at the center 602 , between 3.3mm and 3.65mm at about 9mm from the center 602 , and between 2.95mm and 3.65mm at about 16mm from the center 602 . 3.36mm, and between 2.03mm and 2.27mm at about 28mm from center 602. The thickness of the face portion 600 that is greater than 28 mm away from the center 602 may be between 1.8 mm and 1.95 mm on the toe side of the face portion 600 and between 1.83 mm and 1.98 mm on the heel side of the face portion 600 .

23 and 24 illustrate the back surface of another example face portion 700 that includes an asymmetric variable thickness profile. The center 702 of the face may have a center thickness, and the face thickness may move radially outward from the center in incrementally increasing amounts through the inner mixing region 703 to a maximum thickness ring 704, which may be circular. From the maximum thickness ring 704 moving through the variable mixing region 705 to the outer region 706 consisting of a plurality of wedge-shaped sectors A-H of different thicknesses, the face thickness may be gradually reduced. As best shown in Figure 24, sectors A, C, E and G may be relatively thick, while sectors B, D, F and H may be relatively thin. Surround the outer area The thickness of the outer mixing region 708 of the domain 706 transitions down from a variable sector to a perimeter ring 710 of relatively small but constant thickness. The outer region 706 may also include a blended region between each of sectors A-H that gradually transitions in thickness from one sector to an adjacent sector.

One example of face portion 700 may have the following thicknesses: 3.9mm at center 702, 4.05mm at ring 704, 3.6mm at zone A, 3.2mm at zone B, 3.25mm at zone C , 2.05mm at zone D, 3.35mm at zone E, 2.05mm at zone F, 3.00mm at zone G, 2.65mm at zone H, and 1.9mm at perimeter ring 710 .

FIG. 25 illustrates the back of another example face portion 800 that includes an asymmetrical variable thickness profile with a target thickness offset toward the heel (left side). The center 802 of the face has a center thickness and gradually increases in thickness to the toe/top/bottom, through the inner blend region 803 to the inner ring 804, which has a greater thickness than at the center 802. The thickness then decreases as it moves radially outward across the second mixing region 805 to a second ring 806 having a thickness less than that of the inner ring 804 . The thickness then decreases as it moves radially outward past the third mixing region 807 to a third ring 808 having a thickness less than that of the second ring 806 . The thickness then decreases as it moves radially outward past the fourth mixing region 810 to a fourth ring 811 having a thickness less than that of the third ring 808 . The toe region 812 blends across the outer blend region 813 to an outer perimeter 814 having a relatively small thickness.

To the heel side, the thickness is offset by a set amount (eg, 0.15mm) to make it slightly thicker relative to the corresponding area on the toe side. The thickened region 820 (dotted line) provides a transition where all thickness gradually increases towards the thicker offset region 822 (dotted line) at the heel side. In offset region 822, ring 823 is heel-side thicker than ring 806 by a set amount (eg, 0.15 mm), and ring 825 is thicker than ring 808 by the same set amount. Mixed regions 824 and 826 gradually decrease in thickness as they move radially outward, and are each thicker than their corresponding mixed regions 807 and 810 on the toe side. In the thickened region 820, the thickness of the inner ring 804 gradually increases as it moves toward the heel.

One example of the face portion 800 may have the following thicknesses: 3.8mm at the center 802, 4.0mm at the inner ring 804 and thickened to 4.15mm across the thickened area 820, 3.5mm at the second ring 806 and 3.5mm at the ring 823 3.65mm, 2.4mm at the third ring 808, 2.55mm at the ring 825, 2.0mm at the fourth ring 811, and 1.8mm at the perimeter ring 814.

The target offset thickness profile shown in Figure 25 can help provide the desired CT profile of the entire face. For example, thickening the heel side can help avoid CT spikes on the heel side of the face, which can help avoid inconsistent CT contours across the face, for example. This offset thickness profile can be applied similarly to the toe side of the face, or to both the toe and heel sides of the face to avoid CT spikes at the heel and toe sides of the face. In other embodiments, the offset thickness profile may be applied to the upper side of the face and/or toward the bottom side of the face.

As shown in FIGS. 2 , 4 , 8 , 9A and 13 , in some examples, the cast cup 104 further includes a slot 171 in the sole portion 117 of the golf club head 100 . Slot 171 is open to the exterior of golf club head 100 and extends longitudinally from heel portion 116 to toe portion 114 . More specifically, the slot 171 is elongated in a longitudinal direction generally parallel to but offset from the ball striking face 145 . Typically, the slot 171 is a groove or channel formed in the cast cup 104 at the sole portion 117 of the golf club head 100 . In some embodiments, the slot 171 is a through slot, or a slot that opens into the cavity 113 from the exterior of the golf club head 100 . However, in other embodiments, the slot 171 is not a through slot, but is enclosed on the lumen or inner side of the slot 171 . For example, slot 171 may be defined by a portion of the sidewall of bottom portion 117 of body 102 that protrudes into interior cavity 113 and has a concave outer surface having any of a variety of cross-sectional shapes, such as Roughly U-shaped, V-shaped, etc.

In some examples, slot 171 is offset from ball striking face 145 by an offset distance that is a first vertical plane passing through the center of ball striking face 145 and at the same x as the center of ball striking face 145 Minimum distance between slots at axis coordinates, the distance being between about 5mm and about 50mm, such as between about 5mm and about 35mm mm, such as between about 5 mm and about 30 mm, such as between about 5 mm and about 20 mm, or such as between about 5 mm and about 15 mm.

Although not shown, casting cup 104 and/or ring 106 may include a rearward facing slot that is similar in configuration to slot 171 but oriented in a fore-aft direction rather than a heel-to-toe direction. Casting cup 104 includes a rearward facing slot, but in some instances no slot 171 , and in other instances includes a rearward facing slot and slot 171 . In one example, the rearward facing slot is located behind the slot 171 . In some embodiments, the rearward facing slot may act as a counterweight track. Additionally, the rearward track is offset from the ball striking face 145 by an offset distance that is a first vertical plane passing through the center of the ball striking face 145 and at the same x-axis coordinate as the center of the ball striking face 145 The minimum distance between the rearward tracks of the between.

In certain embodiments, the slot 171 and the rearward slot (if present) have a particular slot width, which is measured as the horizontal distance between the first slot wall and the second slot wall. For the slot 171 and the rearward slot, the slot width may be between about 5mm and about 20mm, such as between about 10mm and about 18mm, or such as between about 12mm and about 16mm. According to some embodiments, the depth of the slot 171 (ie, the vertical distance between the bottom slot wall and the imaginary plane containing the area of the bottom portion 117 adjacent the opposing slot wall of the slot 171 ) may be from about 6 mm to about 20 mm between, such as between about 8 mm and about 18 mm, or such as between about 10 mm and about 16 mm.

Additionally, the slot 171 and the rearward slot (if present) have a specific slot length, which can be measured as the horizontal distance between a slot end wall and another slot end wall. For the slot 171 and the rearward slot, their length may be between about 30 mm and about 120 mm, such as between about 50 mm and about 100 mm, or such as between about 60 mm and about 90 mm. Additionally or alternatively, the length of the slot 171 may be expressed as a percentage of the total length of the ball striking face 145 . For example, slot 171 may be between about 30% and about 100% of the length of ball striking face 145 between, such as between about 50% and about 90% of the length of the ball striking face 145 , or such as between about 60% and about 80%.

In some examples, the slot 171 is a feature that improves and/or increases the coefficient of restitution (COR) across the ball striking face 145 . Regarding the COR feature, the slot 171 may take various forms, such as a channel or a through slot. The COR of the golf club head 100 is a measure of the energy loss or retention between the golf club head 100 and the golf ball when the golf ball is struck by the golf club head 100 . Ideally, the COR of the golf club head 100 is high to facilitate efficient transfer of energy from the golf club head 100 to the ball during hitting with the ball. Accordingly, the COR feature of the golf club head 100 facilitates an increase in the COR of the golf club head 100 . Generally, the slots 171 increase the COR of the golf club head 100 by increasing or enhancing the ball impact flexibility of the ball striking face 145 . In some examples of golf club heads disclosed herein, the COR is at least 0.8, as defined below, for at least 25% of the ball striking face within the center region.

Further details regarding the slot 171 as a COR feature of the golf club head 100 can be found in US Patent Application No. 13/338,197, filed on December 27, 2011, May 10, 2012, and March 14, 2013, respectively , 13/469,031, 13/828,675, US Patent Application No. 13/839,727, filed March 15, 2013, US Patent No. 8,235,844, filed June 1, 2010, filed December 13, 2011 US Patent No. 8,241,143, found in US Patent No. 8,241,141, filed December 14, 2011, the contents of all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The slot 171 may be any of the various flexible boundary structures (FBS) described in US Patent No. 9,044,653, filed March 14, 2013, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Additionally or alternatively, the golf club head 100 may include one or more other FBSs at any of a variety of other locations on the golf club head 100 . The slot 171 may be composed of curved segments or several segments that may be a combination of curved and straight segments. Additionally, the slot 171 may be machined or cast into the golf club head 100 . Although in Shown in the sole portion 117 of the golf club head 100 , but the slot 171 may alternatively or additionally be incorporated into the crown portion 119 of the golf club head 100 .

In some examples, the slots 171 are filled with filler material. However, in other instances, the slots 171 are not filled with filler material, but instead remain open, empty spaces within the slots 171 . In some embodiments, the filler material may be made of non-metals, such as thermoplastics, thermosets, and the like. When the slot 171 is a through slot, the slot 171 may be filled with material to prevent dirt and other debris from entering the slot and possibly the interior cavity 113 of the golf club head 100 . The filler material can be any relatively low modulus material including polyurethanes, elastomeric rubbers, polymers, various rubbers, foams and fillers. The filler material should not sufficiently prevent deformation of the golf club head 100 when in use, as this would counteract the flexibility of the golf club head 100 .

According to one embodiment, the filler material is initially a viscous material that is injected or otherwise inserted into the slot 171 . Examples of materials that may be suitable as fillers for placement into slots, channels or other flexible boundary structures include, but are not limited to: viscoelastic elastomers; vinyl copolymers with or without inorganic fillers; with or without mineral fillers (as barium sulfate) polyvinyl acetate; acrylic; polyester; polyurethane; polyether; polyamide; polybutadiene; polystyrene; polyisoprene; polyethylene; polyolefin; styrene/isoprene Pentadiene block copolymers; hydrogenated styrene thermoplastic elastomers; metallized polyesters; metallized acrylics; epoxy resins; epoxy and graphite composites; natural and synthetic rubbers; piezoelectric ceramics; thermoset and thermoplastic rubbers; Foamed polymers; ionomers; low density fiberglass; asphalt; silicones; and mixtures thereof. Metallized polyesters and acrylics may contain aluminum as the metal. Commercially available materials include elastic polymer materials such as Scotchweld ^™ (eg, DP-105 ^™ ) and Scotchdamp ^™ from 3M, Sorbothane ^™ from Sorbothane Corporation, DYAD ^™ and GP ^™ from Soundcoat Corporation, Dynamat Control of North America Dynamat ^(TM) from the company, NoViFlex ^(TM) Sylomer ^(TM ) from the Pole Star Maritime group of companies, Isoplast(TM) from The Dow Chemical Company, Legatolex ^(TM) from Piqua Technologies, and Hybrar ^{(TM) from} Kuraray. In some embodiments, the solid filler material may be press fit or bonded into slots, channels or other flexible boundary structures. In other embodiments, the filler material may be poured, injected, or otherwise inserted into the slot or channel and allowed to cure in situ, thereby forming a sufficiently hardened or resilient outer surface. In other embodiments, filler material may be placed into the slot or channel and sealed in place with a resilient cap or other structure formed of metal, metal alloy, metal, composite, hard plastic, resilient elastomer, or other suitable material .

Referring to FIGS. 4 , 8 , 9A and 14 , in some examples, the golf club head 100 further includes a weight 173 attached to the cast cup 104 . Casting cup 104 includes a threaded port 175 that receives and retains weight 173 . The threaded port 175 is open to the exterior of the golf club head 100 and the inner cavity 113 and in some instances includes internal threads. In other examples, the threaded port 175 is closed to the lumen 113 . The weight 173 includes external threads that threadedly engage the internal threads of the threaded port 175 to retain the weight 173 within the threaded port 175 . When the threaded port 175 is open to the lumen 113 , the counterweight 173 effectively closes the threaded port 175 to prevent entry into the lumen 113 when the thread is attached to the casting cup 104 within the threaded port 175 . As shown, when the threaded port 175 is open to the lumen 113 , a portion of the weight 173 is located outside the lumen 113 and another portion is located within the lumen 113 . In contrast, in other instances, such as when the threaded port 175 closes the lumen 113 , the entire weight 173 is located outside the lumen 113 . Although not shown, in one example, the threaded port 175 may be open to the lumen 113 and closed to the exterior of the golf club head 100 (eg, the threaded port 175 faces inward rather than outward). In such an instance, the entire counterweight 173 would be located inside the lumen 113 . As defined herein, counterweight 173 is considered to be internal to lumen 113 when any portion of counterweight 173 is internal or within lumen 113 relative to lumen 113 , and is considered to be internal to lumen 113 when any portion of counterweight 173 is relative to inner lumen 113 . When the cavity 113 is external, the weights 173 may alternatively or also be considered to be external to the inner cavity 113 .

In some instances, as shown, the threaded port 175 and thus The weight 173 is located in the sole portion 117 of the golf club head 100 . Furthermore, according to some examples, the threaded port 175 and the weight 173 are closer to the heel portion 116 than to the toe portion 114 . In one example, the threaded port 175 and weight are closer to the heel portion 116 than the slot 171 . In some examples, the weight 173 has a mass between about 3 g and about 23 g (eg, 6 g).

Referring to FIGS. 9A , 11 and 14 , the casting cup 104 further includes a mass pad 186 attached to or co-formed with the remainder of the casting cup 104 . The mass pad 186 is thicker than any other portion of the casting cup 104 . In the illustrated example, the mass pad 186 is located proximate the sole portion 117 of the golf club head 100 , and thus proximate the sole region of the casting cup 104 . Additionally, in some instances, a portion of the mass pad 186 is located proximate the heel portion 116 of the golf club head 100 , and thus proximate the heel region of the cast cup 104 . As defined herein, the mass pad 186 is considered a sole mass pad when located at the sole portion 117 of the golf club head 100 and is considered a sole mass pad when located at the heel portion 116 of the golf club head 100 Considered a heel quality pad. It should be appreciated that when mass pad 186 is located at both bottom portion 117 and heel portion 116, mass pad 186 is considered a bottom mass pad and a heel mass pad.

Referring to FIGS. 11 and 14 , in some examples, the casting cup 104 further includes internal ribs 187 co-formed with other portions of the casting cup 104 . Internal ribs 187 may be located at any of various locations within casting cup 104 . In the illustrated example, the internal ribs 187 are located (eg, formed in) in the bottom region of the casting cup 104 that is closer to the toe region of the casting cup 104 than the heel region of the casting cup 104 . Internal ribs 187 help to reinforce and promote desirable acoustic properties of golf club head 100 .

11 , 14 and 15 , the ring 106 includes a cantilevered portion 161 , and a toe arm portion 163A and a heel arm portion 163B extending from the cantilevered portion 161 . Toe arm portion 163A and heel arm portion 163B are located on opposite sides of golf club head 100, starting with cantilever portion 161 and terminating at toe-cup engagement surface 152A and At a corresponding one of the heel-cup engagement surfaces 152B. The cantilevered portion 161 defines at least a portion of the rearward portion 118 of the golf club head 100 and further defines the rearmost end of the golf club head 100 . Furthermore, in the illustrated example, the cantilevered portion 161 extends from the crown portion 119 to the bottom portion 117 . Thus, in some examples, cantilevered portion 161 defines a portion of sole portion 117 of golf club head 100 , such as defining an outwardly facing surface of sole portion 117 of golf club head 100 .

In some instances, the cantilevered portion 161 is near the ground plane 181 when the golf club head 100 is in the aiming position. According to certain examples, the ratio of the peak crown height to the vertical distance from the peak crown height to the lowest surface of the cantilevered portion 161 of the ring 106 is at least 6.0, at least 5.0, at least 4.0, or more preferably at least 3.0. Alternatively or additionally, in some examples, when the golf club head 100 is in the aiming position, the vertical distance from the height of the skirt peak of the skirt portion to the lowermost surface of the cantilevered portion 161 of the ring 106 is not less than 20 mm to 30 mm between.

Toe arm portion 163A and heel arm portion 163B define a toe side of skirt portion 121 and a heel side of skirt portion 121 , respectively, and a portion of toe portion 114 and heel portion 116 , respectively, of golf club head 100 . Cantilever portion 161 extends downwardly away from toe arm portion 163A and heel arm portion 163B, while toe arm portion 163A and heel arm portion 163B extend forwardly away from cantilever portion 161 . Accordingly, when the golf club head 100 is in the aiming position, the cantilever portion 161 is closer to the ground plane 181 than the toe portion 163A and the heel portion 163B. In other words, with reference to FIGS. 3 , 4 and 9A , the height (HR) in the vertical direction of the lowest surface of the ring 106 above ground level 181 when the golf club head 100 is in the aiming position, along the Any location of cantilever portion 161 is smaller than any location along toe arm portion 163A and heel arm portion 163B.

In some examples, the height HR of the lowermost surface of the toe arm portion 163A at the toe portion 114 of the golf club head 100 is different than the height of the lowermost surface of the heel arm portion 163B at the heel portion 116 of the golf club head 100 HR. More specifically, in one example, the toe portion of golf club head 100 The height HR of the lowermost surface of the toe arm portion 163A at 114 is greater than the height HR of the lowermost surface of the heel arm portion 163B at the heel portion 116 of the golf club head 100 .

According to some examples, as shown in FIGS. 3 , 4 and 9A , the width (WR) of the ring 106 measured in the vertical direction when the golf club head 100 is in the aiming position is in the fore-aft direction (eg, along the The length of the loop 106) varies. In one example, the width WR increases from a minimum width to a maximum width in the front-to-back direction. In other words, in some instances, the width WR of the ring 106 varies in the front-to-rear direction. In some examples, the maximum width WR of the ring 106 is at the rearmost end of the golf club head 100 . In one example, the maximum width WR of the ring 106 is at least 20 mm. According to some examples, as shown in FIG. 14 , the width WR of the ring 106 at the toe portion 114 is less than the width WR of the ring 106 at the heel portion 116 . According to some additional examples, the thickness of the ring 106 may vary along the ring 106 in the front-to-rear direction.

2-4, 6, 8, 9A, and 11-15, in some examples, the golf club head 100 further includes a mass element 159 attached to the cantilevered portion 161 of the ring 106, such as in a golf ball At the rearmost end of the head 100 . Mass element 159 is selectively removable from cantilevered portion 161 (eg, interchangeable with mass elements of different weights) or permanently attached to cantilevered portion 161 . According to one example, mass element 159 and counterweight 173 are interchangeably coupled to casting cup 104 and cantilevered portion 161 of ring 106 . Thus, in some examples, the flight control technology components, mass element 159 and weight 173 of golf club head 100 are adjustable relative to golf club head 100 . In some instances, the flight control technology components of golf club head 100, mass element 159 and weight 173 are configured to be adjustable via a single or the same tool.

In one example, mass element 159 includes external threads. The golf club head 100 may additionally include a mass receiver 157 attached to the cantilevered portion 161 of the ring 106 . Mass container 157 may include a threaded hole with internal threads that threadedly engages mass element 159 to secure mass element 159 to the cantilevered portion 161. In some examples, the mass container 157 is welded to the cantilevered portion 161 , while in other examples it is adhered to the cantilevered portion 161 . In some instances, mass container 157 is co-formed with cantilevered portion 161 . The cantilevered portion 161 also includes a mass pad 155 (see, eg, FIGS. 9A , 12 and 15 ) or a portion of the cantilevered portion 161 having a locally increased thickness and thus a locally increased mass. The mass container 157 may be formed in the mass pad 155 of the cantilever portion 161 . In some examples, mass element 159 has a mass between about 15 g and about 35 g (eg, 24 g).

In the illustrated example, the peripheral shape of one or both of mass element 159 and counterweight 173 is circular. Thus, the orientation of one or both of mass element 159 and counterweight 173 may be rotated about the central axis of mass element 159 and counterweight 173, respectively, in any of a variety of orientations between 0 degrees and 360 degrees. However, in other examples, the peripheral shape of at least one or both of mass element 159 and counterweight 173 is non-circular, such as oval, triangular, trapezoidal, square, and the like. For example, as shown in FIG. 16, the weight 273 has a trapezoidal or rectangular outer peripheral shape. In certain examples, mass element 159 and/or counterweight 173 having a non-circular peripheral shape may be between 0 degrees and at least 90 degrees about the central axis of mass element 159 and counterweight 173 , respectively, in certain embodiments. While in other embodiments the rotation is in any of a variety of orientations between 0 degrees and at least 180 degrees.

The variety of configurations and materials of golf club head 100 enables the location of weight 173 (eg, first or forward weight) relative to the location of mass element 159 (eg, second or rearward weight) Have flexibility. In some examples, the relative positions of counterweight 173 and mass element 159 may be similar to those disclosed in US Patent Application No. 16/752,397, filed January 24, 2020. Referring to FIG. 9A, according to one example, the z-axis coordinate of the CG (FWCG) of the first weight is between -30mm and -10mm (eg, -21mm) on the z-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185. The y-axis coordinate of the first weighted CG (FWCG) is between 10 mm and 30 mm (eg, 23 mm) on the y-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185, and the x-axis of the first weighted CG (FWCG) Coordinates at the club The x-axis of the head origin coordinate system 185 is between 15mm and 35mm (eg, 22mm). According to the same or a different example, the z-axis coordinate of the CG (SWCG) of the second weight is between -30mm and 10mm (eg, -11mm) on the z-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185, and the second weight The y-axis coordinate of the heavy CG (SWCG) is between 90mm and 120mm (eg, 110mm) on the y-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185, and the x-axis coordinate of the second weight CG (SWCG) is at The x-axis of the club head origin coordinate system 185 is between -20mm and 10mm (eg, -7mm).

In some examples, the sole portion 117 of the golf club head 100 includes an inertia-generating feature 177 that is elongated in the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal direction is perpendicular or inclined to the ball striking face 145 . According to some examples, inertial generating features 177 include the same features and provide the same advantages as the inertial generator disclosed in US Patent Application No. 16/660,561, filed on October 22, 2019, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety . In the illustrated example, bottom insert 110 forms at least a portion of inertia generating feature 177 . More specifically, in some examples, bottom insert 110 forms all or a majority of inertia generating feature 177 . In some instances, the cantilevered portion 161 of the ring 106 also forms part of the inertial generating feature 177, such as the rearmost portion. The inertia generating feature 177 helps to increase the inertia of the golf club head 100 and lower the center of gravity (CG) of the golf club head 100 .

The inertia generating feature 177 includes a raised or raised platform that extends from a position rearward of the hosel 120 to a position proximate the rearward portion 112 of the golf club head 100 . Inertia-generating features 177 include substantially flat or flat surfaces that rise above (or protrude from, depending on the orientation of golf club head 100 ) a peripheral outer surface of sole portion 117 . In certain examples, at least a portion of the inertia generating feature 177 is raised at least 1.5 mm, at least 1.8 mm, at least 2.1 mm, or at least 3.0 mm above the peripheral outer surface of the bottom portion 117 . The inertia generating feature 177 also has a width that is less than the entire width of the bottom portion 117 (eg, less than half the entire width). In view of the foregoing, inertial generating features 177 have complex curved geometries with multiple inflection points. Therefore, defining the inertial generation feature 177 Bottom insert 110 has a complex curved surface with multiple inflection points.

Referring to FIGS. 1-3 and 5 , in some examples, the golf club head 100 includes a through hole 172 in the body 102 at the toe portion 114 . The through hole 172 extends completely through the wall of the body 102 so that the lumen 113 is accessible through the hole 172 . Holes 172 may be used to insert stiffeners into lumen 113 against the inner surface of forward portion 112 to help set the CT of ball striking face 145 . Further details of the reinforcement, the insertion process, and the effect of the reinforcement on the CT of the ball striking face 145 can be found in US Patent Application Publication No. 2019/0201754, published July 4, 2019, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety This article. As shown, the through holes 172 are not located in the forward portion 112 (eg, the ball striking face 145). Thus, in some instances, the ball striking face 145 has no through holes leading to the cavity 113 or the hollow interior region of the golf club head 100 . Additionally, in some examples, no material with a shore D value greater than 10, greater than 5, or greater than 1 contacts the inner surface 166 of the forward portion 112, which is opposite the ball striking face 145 and leads to the hollow The inner area, and at the geometric center of the ball striking face 145 in the toe direction and/or the heel direction. In other examples, no material contacts the inner surface 166 of the forward portion 112 that is opposite the ball striking face 145 and is open to the hollow interior region, regardless of hardness.

The CT characteristics of the golf club heads disclosed herein may be defined as CT values within the central region of the ball striking face 145 . The center area is a rectangular area of forty millimeters by twenty millimeters centered on the center of the ball striking face and elongated in the heel-to-toe direction. In some examples, the center of the ball striking face 145 may be the geometric center of the ball striking face 145 . In the center region, the ball striking face 145 has a characteristic time (CT) of no more than 257 microseconds. In some examples, the CT of at least 60% of the ball striking face in the center region is at least 235 microseconds. According to some examples, the CT of at least 35% of the ball striking face in the center region is at least 240 microseconds.

The CT of the face 145 at the geometric center of the face has an initial CT value. The initial CT value is the CT value of the face 145 prior to any stroke with a standard golf ball. As defined herein, a stroke with a standard golf ball is the hit of a standard golf ball when the golf ball is traveling at 52 meters per second. According to some examples, the initial CT value is at least 244 microseconds. In certain examples, driver-style golf club heads disclosed herein, including golf club head 100 , are configured such that after a standard golf ball is hit 500 times at the geometric center of ball striking face 145 , at the center region The CT value of the hitting face at any point within the ball is less than 256 microseconds, and the CT at the geometric center of the hitting face differs (eg, greater than) from the initial CT value by no more than 5 microseconds.

In certain examples, driver-style golf club heads disclosed herein, including golf club head 100, are configured to be subjected to 1,000, 1,500, 2,000, 2,500, or 3,000 cycles on a standard golf ball at the geometric center of the ball striking face The CT of the hitting face at any point within the center area is less than 256 microseconds after impact. According to some examples, after 2,000 strokes of a standard golf ball at the geometric center of the face, the CT value of the face 145 at any point within the center region differs from the initial CT by no more than 7 microseconds or 9 microseconds. Additionally, in some instances, the CT of the ball striking face 145 at the geometric center of the ball striking face differs from the initial CT value by no less than 249 microseconds after 2000 hits at the geometric center of the ball striking face for a standard golf ball and not more than 10 microseconds. According to some examples, after 3,000 hits of a standard golf ball at the geometric center of the face, the CT value of the face 145 at any point within the center region differs from the initial CT by no more than 9 microseconds or 13 microseconds. In certain instances, such as those in which the ball striking face 145 is made of a metallic material, after a standard golf ball has made 500 strokes at the geometric center of the ball striking face, the inward surface advancement of the ball striking face 145 is less than 0.01 inches.

Referring to Figures 16 and 17, and according to another example of a golf club head disclosed herein, a golf club head 200 is shown. Golf club head 200 includes features similar to those of golf club head 100, with like numbers (eg, like numbers but in series of 200) referring to like features. For example, like golf club head 100 , golf club head 200 includes a toe portion 214 and a heel portion 216 opposite toe portion 214 . Additionally, the golf club head 200 includes a forward portion 212 and a rearward portion 218 opposite the forward portion 212 . Gower The golf club head 200 additionally includes a sole portion 217 at the sole region of the golf club head 200 and a crown portion 219 opposite the sole portion 217 and at the top region of the golf club head 200 . Furthermore, the golf club head 200 includes a skirt portion 221 that defines a transition region in which the golf club head 200 transitions between the crown portion 219 and the sole portion 217 . Golf club head 200 further includes an interior cavity 213 that is collectively defined and enclosed by forward portion 212 , rearward portion 218 , crown portion 219 , sole portion 217 , heel portion 216 , toe portion 214 and skirt portion 221 . Further, forward portion 212 includes a ball striking face 245 extending along forward portion 212 from sole portion 217 to crown portion 219 and from toe portion 214 to heel portion 216 . Additionally, the golf club head 200 further includes a body 202, a crown insert 208 attached to the body 202 at the top of the golf club head 200, and a sole insert 210 attached to the body 202 at the bottom of the golf club head 200 . The body 202 includes a cast cup 204 and a ring 206 . Ring 206 is joined to casting cup 204 at toe-side joint 212A and heel-side joint 212B. The cast cup 204 of the body 202 also includes a slot 271 in the sole portion 217 of the golf club head 200 . Additionally, the golf club head 200 additionally includes a mass element 259 and a mass container 257 attached to the ring 206 of the body 202 , and a weight 273 attached to the cast cup 204 . Thus, in view of the foregoing, golf club head 200 shares some similarities with golf club head 100 .

Unlike golf club head 100 , however, ball striking face 245 of golf club head 200 is not co-formed with cast cup 204 . Instead, the ball striking face 245 forms part of the blade 243, and the ball striking face 245 is formed separately from the cast cup 204 and attached to the cast cup 204, such as via bonding, welding, brazing, fastening, or the like. Thus, the blade 243 defines a ball striking face 245 . The cast cup 204 includes a plate opening 249 at the forward portion 212 of the golf club head 200 and a plate opening recessed flange 247 extending continuously around the plate opening 249 . The inner circumference of the plate opening recessed flange 247 defines the plate opening 249 . The blade 243 is attached to the casting cup 204 by securing the blade 243 into engagement with the plate opening recessed flange 247 in place. When engaged to the plate opening recess flange 247 in this manner, the ball striking plate 243 covers or closes the plate opening 249 . also, The deck opening recessed flange 247 and the blade 243 are sized, shaped and positioned relative to the crown portion 219 of the golf club head 200 such that the blade 243 abuts the crown when engaged in place with the deck opening recessed flange 247 Section 219. The blade 243 adjacent the crown portion 219 defines the top line of the golf club head 200 . Furthermore, in some instances, the visible appearance of the blade 243 contrasts sufficiently with the visible appearance of the crown portion 219 of the golf club head 200, which is defined in part by the cast cup 204 such that The topline of the golf club head 200 is significantly enhanced. Because the blade 243 is formed separately from the cast cup 204 , the blade 243 may be made of a different material than that of the cast cup 204 . In one example, the blade 243 is made of fiber reinforced polymeric material. In yet another example, the blade 243 is made of a metallic material, such as a titanium alloy (eg, Ti 6-4, Ti 9-1-1, and ZA 1300).

Additionally, unlike golf club head 100 , cast cup 204 includes a weight track 279 in sole portion 217 of golf club head 200 . The weight track 279 extends longitudinally along the bottom portion 217 in the heel-to-toe direction. In instances where the casting cup 204 also includes a slot 271, such as shown, the weight track 279 is substantially parallel to the slot 271 and is offset from the slot 271 in the fore-aft direction. The counterweight rail 279 includes at least one flange extending longitudinally along the length of the counterweight rail 279 . In the illustrated example, the counterweight track 279 includes a forward flange 297A and a rearward flange 297B that are spaced apart from each other in the front-to-rear direction. The counterweight 273 located within the counterweight rail 279 can be selectively clamped to one or more flanges of the counterweight rail 279 to releasably secure the counterweight 273 to the counterweight rail 279 . In the illustrated example, the counterweight 273 is selectively clampable to both the forward-facing flange 297A and the rearward-facing flange 297B. When released to the flange or flanges of the weight track 279, the weight 273 can slide along the flange or flanges, as indicated by the directional arrows in Figure 16, to change the weight 273 relative to the weight The position of the track 279, and when reclamping to one or more flanges, adjusts the mass distribution, center of gravity (CG), and other performance characteristics of the golf club head 200.

According to one example, the counterweight 273 includes a washer 273A, a nut 273B and tightening bolts 273C interconnected with washers 273A and nuts 273B to clamp on flanges 297A, 297B of weight rail 279 . Washer 273A has unthreaded holes and nut 273B has threaded holes. Tightening bolt 273C is threaded and passes through the unthreaded hole of washer 273A to threadedly engage the threaded hole of nut 273B. The threaded engagement between tightening bolt 273C and nut 273B allows the gap between washer 273A and nut 273B to narrow, which facilitates clamping, or widening, of one or more flanges between washer 273A and nut 273B, This facilitates loosening one or more flanges from between washer 273A and nut 273B. Tightening bolt 273C is rotatable relative to both washer 273A and nut 273B, or is of integral construction and co-rotates with one of washer 273A and nut 273B.

To reduce the weight of the golf club head 200 and the depth of the weight track 279, the fastening bolts 273C are shorter. For example, the length of tightening bolt 273C, when weight 273 is clamped to flanges 297A, 297B, extends no more than 3 mm beyond nut 273B (or washer 273A if the positions of nut 273B and washer 273A are reversed). In some instances, the entire length of the fastening bolt 273C is no more than 15% greater than the combined thickness of the washer 273A, nut 273B and one of the flanges 297A, 297B.

As shown, the outer peripheral shape of the gasket 273A is non-circular, such as a trapezoid or a rectangle. Similarly, the peripheral shape of nut 273B may be non-circular, such as trapezoidal or rectangular. Alternatively, as shown, the outer peripheral shape of the nut 273B is circular and the outer peripheral shape of the washer 273A is non-circular.

Referring to Figure 18, and according to another example of the golf club head disclosed herein, a golf club head 300 is shown. Golf club head 300 includes similar features to those of golf club head 100 and golf club head 200, with like numerals (eg, like numerals but in series of 300) referring to like features. For example, like golf club head 100 and golf club head 200, including body 302, crown insert 308 attached to body 302 at the top of golf club head 300, and attached at the bottom of golf club head 300 to the bottom insert 310 of the body 302 . The body 302 includes a cast cup 304 and a ring 306 . Ring 306 in The toe and heel joints are joined to the casting cup 304 . The cast cup 304 of the body 302 also includes a slot 371 in the sole portion of the golf club head 300 . Additionally, golf club head 300 additionally includes mass element 359 and mass container 357 attached to ring 306 of body 302 , and weight 373 attached to cast cup 379 via fasteners 304 . Additionally, as with golf club head 200, golf club head 300 includes a blade 343 that defines a ball striking face 145 that is formed separately from and attached to cast cup 304. In some examples, the blade 343 is made of fiber reinforced polymer and includes a base portion 347 and a cover 349 applied to the base portion 347 . In some examples, the base portion 347 is thicker than the cover 349, the base portion 347 is made of a fiber-reinforced polymer, and the cover 349 is made of a fiber-free polymer. In some instances, cover 349 is made of polyurethane. Also, cover 349 includes grooves 351 or score lines formed in the fiber-free polymer. The surface roughness of the portion of the cover 349 that defines the ball striking face 345 is greater than the surface roughness of the body 302 . Thus, in view of the foregoing, golf club head 300 shares some similarities with golf club head 100 and golf club head 200 .

However, unlike the illustrated examples of the cast cup 104 of the golf club head 100 and the cast cup 204 of the golf club head 200, the cast cup 304 has a multi-piece construction. More specifically, casting cup 304 includes upper cup 304A and lower cup 304B. The upper cup 304A is formed separately from the lower cup 304B. Accordingly, upper cup 304A and lower cup 304B are joined or attached together to form cast cup 304 . Since upper cup 304A and lower cup 304B are formed separately, upper cup 304A may be made of a different material than that of lower cup 304B. Cast cup 304 includes a hosel 320, with a portion of hosel 320 formed as upper cup 304A and another portion of hosel 320 formed as lower cup 304B.

According to some examples, upper cup 304A is made of a different material than lower cup 304B. For example, the upper cup 304A may be made of a material that is less dense than the material of the lower cup 304B. In one example, upper cup 304A is made of titanium alloy and lower cup 304B is made of steel Made of alloy. According to another example, the upper cup 304A is made of an aluminum alloy, and the lower cup 304B is made of a steel alloy or a tungsten alloy such as 10-17 density tungsten. This configuration helps to increase the mass of the cast cup 304 and lower the center of gravity (CG) of the cast cup 304 and the golf club head 300 compared to the one-piece cast cup 104 of the golf club head 100 . In an alternate construction, according to some examples, the upper cup 304A is made of an aluminum alloy, and the lower cup 304B is made of a titanium alloy. These later configurations help reduce the overall mass of the casting cup 304 . According to some examples, upper cup 304A and lower cup 304B are made using different manufacturing techniques. For example, the upper cup 304A may be made by stamping, forging and/or metal injection molding (MIM), while the lower cup 304B may be made by another or Made in different combinations. Various examples of combinations of material and mass properties of upper cup 304A and lower cup 304B are shown in Table 2 below.

As shown, casting cup 304 includes port 375 that receives And keep the counterweight 373. Port 375 is configured to hold weight 373 in a fixed position on the sole portion of golf club head 300 . However, in other examples, the port 375 may be replaced with a weight track similar to the weight track 279 of the golf club head 200, so that the weight 373 may be selectively adjusted and moved along the weight track into various positions. any position. In this way, the counterweight track and one or more corresponding flanges of the counterweight track may form part of one piece of the multi-piece cast cup.

Although the casting cup 304 is shown as having a two-piece construction, in other examples, the casting cup 304 has a three-piece construction or is constructed with more than three pieces. According to one example, the cast cup 304 has a crown-toe piece, a crown-heel piece, and a bottom piece. In certain embodiments, the crown-toe and crown-heel pieces are made of titanium alloy and the bottom piece is made of steel alloy. The titanium alloy of the crown-toe piece may or may not be the same as that of the crown-heel piece.

Referring to Figures 19 and 20, and according to another example of a golf club head disclosed herein, a golf club head 400 is shown. Golf club head 400 includes similar features to those of golf club head 100, golf club head 200, and golf club head 300, with like numbers (eg, like numbers but in series of 400) referring to like features . For example, like golf club head 100, golf club head 200, and golf club head 300, golf club head 400 includes a body 402, a crown insert 408 attached to the body 402 at the top of golf club head 400 And a sole insert 410 attached to the body 402 at the sole of the golf club head 400 . Body 402 includes cast cup 404 and ring 406 . Ring 406 is joined to cast cup 404 at toe-side joint 412A and heel-side joint 412B. Additionally, as with golf club head 200 and golf club head 300, golf club head 400 includes a blade 443 that defines a ball striking face 445 that is formed separately from and attached to cast cup 404 . Thus, in view of the foregoing, golf club head 400 shares some similarities with golf club head 100 , golf club head 200 , and golf club head 300 .

Additionally, golf club head 400 additionally includes via fastener 479 Weight 473 attached to casting cup 404 . As shown, casting cup 404 includes port 475 that receives and retains weight 473 . Port 475 is configured to hold weight 473 in a fixed position on the sole portion of golf club head 400 . However, in other examples, the port 475 may be replaced with a weight track similar to the weight track 279 of the golf club head 200, so that the weight 473 may be selectively adjusted and moved along the weight track into various positions. any position. In this manner, the counterweight rail and one or more corresponding flanges of the counterweight rail may form part of the casting cup 404 .

Furthermore, like golf club head 100 , golf club head 200 and golf club head 300 , golf club head 400 additionally includes mass element 459 and mass container 457 . However, unlike some of the previously discussed examples of golf club head receptacles, the mass receptacle 457 of the golf club head 400 forms a one-piece unitary construction with the cantilevered portion 461 of the ring 406 . Thus, in some instances, mass container 457 is co-cast with ring 406 . Mass container 457 includes an opening or recess configured to nestably receive mass element 459 . Mass element 459 may be made of a different (eg, denser) material than ring 406, such as tungsten. Mass element 459 is bonded to ring 406 to secure mass element 459 within mass container 457, for example, by adhesive. In some examples, mass element 459 includes prongs 463 that engage corresponding holes in mass container 457 when coupled to ring 406 . The engagement between the fork 463 and the corresponding hole of the mass container 457 helps to enhance and strengthen the coupling between the mass element 459 and the ring 406 .

Referring to FIG. 21 , ring 406 includes a toe arm portion 463A that defines a toe side of skirt portion 421 of golf club head 400 and a heel arm portion 463B that defines a heel side of skirt portion 421 . In addition, toe arm portion 463A and heel arm portion 463B define portions of toe portion 414 and heel portion 416, respectively, of golf club head 400 (see, eg, FIGS. 19 and 20). Cantilever portion 461 extends downwardly away from toe arm portion 463A and heel arm portion 463B, while toe arm portion 463A and heel arm portion 463B extend forwardly away from cantilever portion 461 . Therefore, when the golf club head 400 is in the aiming position, the cantilever portion 461 is larger than the toe portion 463A and the heel portion 463B is closer to ground plane 181. In FIG. 21 , the ring 406 is shown in a position corresponding to the position of the ring 406 when the golf club head 400 is in the aiming position relative to the ground plane 181 .

In some instances, the height HR of the lowermost surface (and in some instances, the entirety) of the toe arm portion 463A at the toe portion 414 of the golf club head 400 is different than the height HR at the heel portion 416 of the golf club head 400 Height HR of the lowest surface (and in some instances, the entirety) of heel arm portion 463B. More specifically, in one example, the height HR of the lowermost surface of the toe arm portion 463A at the toe portion 414 of the golf club head 400 is greater than the lowermost surface of the heel arm portion 463B at the heel portion 416 of the golf club head 100 The height HR of the surface.

According to some examples, the width WR of the toe arm portion 463A of the ring 406 at the toe portion 414 is less than the width WR of the heel arm portion 463B of the ring 406 at the heel portion 416 . According to some additional examples, the thickness (TR) of the ring 406 may vary along the ring 406 in the front-to-rear direction. For example, in some instances, the thickness TR of the ring 406 varies from a minimum thickness to a maximum thickness in the front-to-back direction. In some instances, as shown, the thickness TR of the toe arm portion 463A of the ring 406 at the toe portion 414 is less than the thickness TR of the heel arm portion 463B of the ring 406 at the heel portion 416 .

The golf club heads disclosed herein include golf club head 100, golf club head 200, and golf club head 300, each having a volume equal to the volumetric displacement of the golf club head, the volume being at 390 cubic centimeters (cm ³ or cc) to about 600 cm ³ . In more specific examples, the volume of each of the golf club heads disclosed herein is between about 350 cm ³ to about 500 cm ³ or between about 420 cm ³ and about 500 cm ³ . In some examples, the total mass of each of the golf club heads disclosed herein is between about 145g and about 245g, and in other examples, between 185g and 210g.

The golf club heads disclosed herein have a multi-piece construction. For example, with regard to golf club head 100, cast cup 104, ring 106, crown insert 108, and sole insert 110 each comprise one piece in a multi-piece construction. because of multiple Each piece of the structure is formed separately and attached together so that each piece can be made of a different material than at least one other piece. This multi-material construction allows flexibility in the material composition of the golf club head, allowing flexibility in mass composition and distribution.

The following features of the golf club heads disclosed herein are made with reference to golf club head 100 . However, the characteristics described with reference to golf club head 100 also apply to golf club head 200 , golf club head 300 and golf club head 400 unless otherwise stated. Golf club head 100 is composed of at least one first material having a density between 0.9 g/cc and 3.5 g/cc, at least one second material having a density between 3.6 g/cc and 5.5 g/cc, and at least one material having a density between 3.6 g/cc and 5.5 g/cc. Made of a third material between 5.6g/cc and 20.0g/cc. In the first example, the cast cup 104 is made of a third material, the ring 106 is made of a second material, and the crown insert 108 and the bottom insert 110 are made of the first material. In this first example, the cast cup 104 is made of a steel alloy, the ring 106 is made of a titanium alloy, and the crown insert 108 and the bottom insert 110 are made of fiber reinforced polymeric material, according to one example. In a second example, the cast cup 104 is made of the second and third materials, the ring 106 is made of the first or second material, and the crown insert 108 and the bottom insert 110 are made of the first material. In this second example, according to one example, the cast cup 104 is made of steel alloy and titanium alloy, the ring 106 is made of titanium alloy, aluminum alloy or plastic, and the crown insert 108 and the bottom insert 110 are fiber reinforced Made of polymeric material.

According to some examples, the at least one first material has a first mass of no greater than 55% of the total mass of the golf club head 100 and no less than 25% of the total mass of the golf club head 100 (eg, between 50 grams and 110 grams) . In certain examples, the first mass of the at least one first material is no greater than 45% of the total mass of the golf club head 100 and no less than 30% of the total mass of the golf club head 100 . The first mass of the at least one first material may be greater than the second mass of the at least one second material. Alternatively or additionally, the first mass of the at least one first material may be within 10 g of the second mass of the at least one second material.

In some examples, the at least one second material has a high A second mass that is 65% of the total mass of the golf club head 100 and not less than 20% of the total mass of the golf club head 100 (eg, between 40 grams and 130 grams). According to some examples, the second mass of the at least one second material does not exceed 50% of the total mass of the golf club head 100 . In certain instances, the second mass of the at least one second material is less than twice the first mass of the at least one first material. In some examples, the second mass of the at least one second material is between 0.9 and 1.8 times the first mass of the at least one first material. In one example, the second mass of the at least one second material is less than 0.9 times or less than 1.8 times the first mass of the at least one first material.

The third mass of the at least one third material is equal to the total mass of the golf club head 100 minus the first mass of the at least one first material and the second mass of the at least one second material. In one example, the third mass of the at least one third material is no less than 5% of the total mass of the golf club head 100 and no more than 50% of the total mass of the golf club head 100 (eg, between 10 g and 100 g) ). According to another example, the third mass of the at least one third material is no less than 10% of the total mass of the golf club head 100 and no more than 20% of the total mass of the golf club head 100 .

According to one example, the cast cup 104 of the body 102 of the golf club head 100 is made of at least one first material, and the at least one first material is a first metallic material having a density between 4.0 g/cc and 8.0 g/cc . In this example, the ring 106 of the body 102 of the golf club head 100 is made of a material having a density between 0.5 g/cc and 4.0 g/cc. According to certain embodiments, the first metal material of the casting cup 104 is a titanium alloy and/or a steel alloy, and the material of the ring 106 is an aluminum alloy and/or a magnesium alloy. In some embodiments, the first metallic material of the casting cup 104 is a titanium alloy and/or a steel alloy, and the material of the ring 106 is a non-metallic material, such as a plastic or polymeric material. Thus, in some examples, the ring 106 is made of any of a variety of materials, such as titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, and fiber reinforced polymeric materials.

In some examples, ring 106 is made of one of 6000 series, 7000 series, or 8000 series aluminum, which can be anodized to have the same Cups 104 are the same or different specific colors. According to some examples, ring 106 may be anodized to have any of a range of colors, including blue, red, orange, green, violet, and the like. Contrasting colors between ring 105 and casting cup 104 may aid in alignment or suit user preferences. In one example, the ring 106 is made of 7075 aluminum. According to some examples, ring 106 is made of fiber reinforced polycarbonate material. Ring 106 may be made of plastic with a non-conductive vacuum metallized coating, which may also be of any of a variety of colors. Thus, in certain examples, the ring 106 is reinforced with titanium alloys, steel alloys, boronized steel alloys, copper alloys, beryllium alloys, composite materials, hard plastics, elastic elastomeric materials, carbon fibers with short or long fibers Made of thermoplastic. Ring 106 may be fabricated via injection molding, casting, physical vapor deposition, or CNC milling techniques.

As described herein, the rings of any of the club heads disclosed herein (eg, ring 106 ) may include a variety of different materials and features, and be made of different materials and have different characteristics than cast cups (eg, cast cup 104 ) feature, the casting cup is formed separately and then coupled to the ring. In addition to or in lieu of the other materials described herein, the rings may include metallic materials, polymeric materials, and/or composite materials, and may include various exterior coatings.

In some embodiments, the ring includes anodized aluminum, such as 6000, 7000, and 8000 series aluminum. In one specific example, the ring comprises 7075 grade aluminum. Anodized aluminum can be colored such as red, green, blue, gray, white, orange, purple, pink, fuchsia, black, clear, yellow, gold, silver, or metallic. In some embodiments, the ring may have a color that contrasts with the primary color located on other parts of the club head (eg, crown insert, sole insert, cup, rear weight, etc.).

In some embodiments, the rings may include metals, metal alloys (eg, titanium alloys, steel, boronized steel, aluminum, copper, beryllium), composites (eg, carbon fiber reinforced polymers with short or long fibers) , hard plastics, elastic elastomers, other polymeric materials, and/or any combination of other suitable materials. Any material selection for the ring can also be combined with any of the various forming methods, Any combination such as: casting, injection molding, sintering, machining, milling, forging, extrusion, stamping and rolling.

Plastic rings (fiber reinforced polycarbonate rings) can provide both mass savings, e.g. about 5 grams compared to aluminum rings, and also cost savings, due to the process used to form the rings, e.g., injection-molded thermoplastic, which provides Greater design flexibility, performance similar to aluminum rings in abuse testing, such as bumping the club head into a concrete driveway (extreme abuse) or shaking it in a bag where other metal clubs might hit repeatedly ( normal abuse).

In some embodiments, the ring may comprise a polymeric material (eg, plastic) with a non-conductive vacuum metallization (NCVM) coating. For example, in some embodiments, the ring may include a primer layer having an average thickness of about 5-11 micrometers (μm) or about 8.5 μm, and an average thickness on top of the primer layer of about 5-11 μm or about 8.5 μm μm basecoat, NCVM layer with an average thickness of about 1.1-3.5 μm or about 2.5 μm on top of the undercoat layer, color coating with an average thickness of about 25-35 μm or about 29 μm on top of the NCVM layer, and The average thickness on top of the color coat is about 20-35 μm or an outer layer of the top coat (UV protective coating) of about 26 μm. Typically, for NCVM coated parts or rings, the NCVM layer is the thinnest, the color coat and top coat are the thickest, and typically about 8-15 times thicker than the NCVM layer. Typically, all layers will be combined to have an overall average thickness of about 60-90 μm or about 75 μm. The described layers and NCVM coatings can be applied to other parts than the ring, such as crowns, soles, forward cups, and removable weights, and can be applied prior to assembly.

In some embodiments, the ring may include a physical vapor deposition (PVD) coating or film. In some embodiments, the ring may include a layer of paint or other external coloration. Painting golf club heads has traditionally been done by hand and required masking of various components to prevent unwanted spraying on unwanted surfaces. However, hand painting can lead to great inconsistencies between clubs. Forming the rings individually not only allows more access to the back-facing portion of the face for milling operations to remove unwanted alpha shells and allows machining in a variety of face patterns, but And also eliminates the need for masking of various components. Rings can be individually painted before assembly. Or in the case of anodized aluminum, painting may not be required, eliminating a step in the process so that the ring can simply be glued or attached to the cup, which can also be fully finished. Similarly, if the ring is coated using PVD or NCVM, this coating can be applied to the ring prior to assembly, again eliminating several steps. This also allows for the attachment of various color rings selectable by the end user to provide alignment or aesthetic benefits to the user. Whether the ring is NCVM coated or PVD coated, as mentioned above, it can be painted in a range of colors such as red, green, blue, grey, white, orange, purple, pink, fuchsia, black , clear, yellow, gold, silver or metallic.

The following features of the golf club heads disclosed herein are made with reference to golf club head 100 . However, the characteristics described with reference to golf club head 100 also apply to golf club head 200 , golf club head 300 and golf club head 400 unless otherwise stated. Golf club head 100 is composed of at least one first material having a density between 0.9 g/cc and 3.5 g/cc, at least one second material having a density between 3.6 g/cc and 5.5 g/cc, and at least one material having a density between 3.6 g/cc and 5.5 g/cc. Made of two of the third materials between 5.6g/cc and 20.0g/cc. In the first example, the cast cup 104 is made of the second material, while the ring 106, crown insert 108 and bottom insert 110 are made of the first material. In this first example, the cast cup 104 is made of a titanium alloy, the ring 106 is made of an aluminum alloy, and the crown insert 108 and the bottom insert 110 are made of fiber reinforced polymeric material, according to one example. In this first example, according to another example, the cast cup 104 is made of titanium alloy, the ring 106 is made of plastic, and the crown insert 108 and the bottom insert 110 are made of fiber reinforced polymeric material. According to a second example, the cast cup 104 is made of the second material, the ring 106 is made of the second material, and the crown insert 108 and the bottom insert 110 are made of the first material. In this second example, the cast cup 104 and ring 106 are made of titanium alloy, while the crown insert 108 and bottom insert 110 are made of fiber reinforced polymeric material, according to one example.

In some examples, the at least one first material is a fiber reinforced polymeric material that includes continuous fibers embedded in a polymer matrix (eg, epoxy or resin), which in some examples is a thermoset polymer. Continuous fibers are considered continuous because each fiber is continuous along the length, width, or diagonal of the portion formed from the fiber-reinforced polymeric material. Continuous fibers may be long fibers of at least 3mm, 10mm or even 50mm in length. In other embodiments, shorter fibers between 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm in length may be used. The addition of fiber reinforcement increases tensile strength, however, it may also reduce elongation at break, so a careful balance can be made to maintain adequate elongation. Thus, one embodiment includes 35-55% long fiber reinforcement, and in still further embodiments 40-50% long fiber reinforcement. Continuous fibers, as well as fiber-reinforced polymeric materials in general, can be combined with those described in paragraph 295 of US Patent Application Publication No. 2016/0184662 published on June 30, 2016, now US Patent No. 9,468,816, issued October 18, 2016 The same or similar, the entire contents of this patent application are incorporated herein by reference. In several instances, crown insert 108 and bottom insert 110 are made of fiber reinforced polymeric materials. Thus, in some instances, each of the continuous fibers of the fiber-reinforced polymeric material does not extend from the crown portion 119 to the sole portion 117 of the golf club head 100 . Alternatively or additionally, in certain examples, each of the continuous fibers of the fiber-reinforced polymeric material does not extend from the crown portion 119 to the forward portion 112 of the golf club head 100 . In one example, the crown insert 108 is made of a material having a density between 0.5 g/cc and 4.0 g/cc. In one example, the bottom insert 110 is made of a material having a density between 0.5 g/cc and 4.0 g/cc.

In certain examples, the first material is a fiber-reinforced polymeric material as described in US Patent Application No. 17/006,561, filed August 28, 2020. Composite materials that can be used to make club head components include fiber portions and resin portions. Typically, the resinous part serves as a "matrix" in which the fibers are embedded in a defined manner. In composite materials for club heads, the fiber portion is configured as a plurality of fiber layers or sheets impregnated with a resin component. The fibers in each layer have The respective orientations, often varying from one layer to the next, are precisely controlled. The usual number of layers for a ball striking face is considerable, such as forty or more. However, for the sole or crown, the number of layers can be significantly reduced to, for example, three or more layers, four or more layers, five or more layers, six or more layers, examples of which are provided below. During the manufacture of composite materials, the layers (each comprising individually oriented fibers impregnated in uncured or partially cured resin; each such layer is referred to as a "prepreg" layer) are formed in a "laminate" fashion Overlay placement. After forming the prepreg layup, the resin is cured to a rigid state. If interested, the specific strength can be calculated by dividing the tensile strength by the density of the material. This is also known as the strength-to-weight ratio or the strength/weight ratio.

In tests involving certain club head constructions, composite parts formed from prepreg plies with relatively low fiber area weight (FAW) have been found to have superior properties in several areas, such as blow resistance, Durability and overall performance of the club. FAW is the weight of the fiber portion of a given amount of prepreg in g/m ² . FAW values below 100 g/m ² , more ideally below 70 g/m ² , may be particularly effective. As mentioned above, one particularly suitable fibrous material for making prepreg plies is carbon fiber. More than one fiber material can be used. However, in other embodiments, prepreg plies with FAW values below 70 g/m ² and above 100 g/m ² may be used. In general, cost is the main limiting factor for prepreg plies with FAW values below 70 ^g /m2.

In certain embodiments, multiple low FAW prepreg plies can be stacked and still have a relatively uniform fiber distribution across the thickness of the stacked plies. In contrast, at comparable resin content (R/C, in percent) levels, stacked plies of prepregs with higher FAW tended to be significantly richer than stacked plies of lower FAW materials. Resin regions, especially at the interface of adjacent plies. Resin-rich regions tend to reduce the efficacy of the fiber reinforcement, especially since the forces from golf ball strikes are often transverse to the fiber orientation of the fiber reinforcement. The prepreg plies used to form the panels desirably comprise carbon fibers impregnated with a suitable resin such as epoxy.

Figure 26 is a front view of a blade 943, which can be substituted for any of the blades disclosed herein. The blade 943 is made of a composite material, and may be referred to as a composite blade in some instances. The non-metallic or composite material of the blade 943 includes a fiber reinforced polymer that includes fibers embedded in a resin. The percentage composition of resin in the fiber reinforced polymer is between 38% and 44%. More details regarding the construction and manufacturing process of the composite blade 943 are described in US Patent No. 7,871,340 and US Published Patent Application Nos. 2011/0275451, 2012/0083361 and 2012/0199282, which are incorporated herein by reference . The composite blade 943 is attached to an insert support structure located at the opening of the front portion of the golf club head, such as disclosed herein.

In some examples, the blade 943 may be machined from a composite plate. In one example, the composite panel may be generally rectangular with a length of between about 90 mm and about 130 mm or between about 100 mm and about 120 mm, preferably about 110 mm ± 1.0 mm, and a width of about 50 mm to about 90 mm between or between about 6 mm to about 80 mm, preferably about 70 mm ± 1.0 mm of board size and dimension. The blade 943 is then machined to create the desired facial contour. For example, the facial contour length 912 may be between about 80 mm and about 120 mm or between about 90 mm and about 110 mm, preferably about 102 mm. The facial contour width 911 may be between about 40mm and about 65mm or between about 45mm and about 60mm, preferably about 53mm. The height 913 of a preferred hitting zone 953 on the hitting face defined by the hitting blade 943 and centered on the geometric center of the hitting face may be between about 25 mm and about 50 mm, between about 30 mm and about 40 mm, or Between about 17mm and about 45mm, such as preferably about 34mm. The length 914 of the preferred strike zone 953 may be between about 40 mm and about 70 mm, between about 28 mm and about 65 mm, or between about 45 mm and about 65 mm, preferably about 55.5 mm or 56 mm. In some examples, the preferred hitting zone 953 of the ball striking face defined by the ball striking blade 943 has an area between 500 mm ² and 1,800 mm ² . Alternatively, the blade 943 may be molded to provide the desired face size and contour.

Additional features may be machined or molded to the face of the blade 943 to create the desired facial contour. For example, as shown in FIG. 27 , the notch 920 may be machined or molded into the backside of the heel portion of the blade 943 . In some examples, the notch 920 on the back of the blade 943 allows the golf club head to utilize flight control technology (FCT) in the hosel. The notch 920 may be configured to receive at least a portion of the hosel within the blade 943 . Alternatively or additionally, the notch 920 may be configured to receive at least a portion of the club head body within the blade 943 . By accommodating at least a portion of the hosel and/or at least a portion of the club body within the blade 943, the notch may allow for a reduction in the center plane y-axis position (CFY), thereby allowing for better hitting of the blade 943. The hit zone 953 is located closer to the plane passing through the location of the center point of the hosel. The blade 943 may be configured to provide a CFY of no greater than about 18 mm and no less than about 9 mm, preferably between about 11.0 mm and about 16.0 mm, more preferably no greater than about 15.5 mm and no less than about 11.5 mm. The blade 943 may be configured to provide no more than about 21 mm and no less than about 12 mm, preferably no more than about 19.5 mm and no less than about 13 mm, and more preferably no more than about 18 mm and no less than about 14.5 mm of face advancement. In some embodiments, the difference between CFY and facial advancement is at least 3 mm and no more than 12 mm.

In another example, the backside bumps 4230A, 4230B, 4230C, 4230D may be machined or molded into the backside of the blade 943 . Backside bumps 4230A, 4230B, 4230C, 4230D may be configured to provide bonding gaps. The bond gap is the empty space between the club head body and the blade 943 that is filled with adhesive during manufacture. When the blade 943 is bonded to the club head body during manufacture, the backside tabs 4230A, 4230B, 4230C, 4230D protrude to separate the face from the club head body. In some instances, a bond gap that is too large or too small can cause durability issues with the club head, blade 943, or both. In addition, too large a bond gap can allow too much adhesive to be used during manufacture, adding unwanted extra mass to the club head. The backside bumps 4230A, 4230B, 4230C, and 4230D may protrude between about 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably about 0.25 mm. In some embodiments, the backside bumps are configured to provide a minimum bond gap, such as a minimum bond gap of about 0.25 mm to a maximum bond gap of about 0.45 mm Large binding gap.

Additionally, one or more edges of the blade 943 may be machined or molded with chamfers. In one example, the blade 943 includes a chamfer generally around the inner peripheral edge of the blade 943, such as a chamfer of between about 0.5 mm and about 1.1 mm, preferably 0.8 mm.

FIG. 27 is a bottom perspective view of the blade 943 . The blade 943 has a heel portion 941 and a toe portion 942 . Notches 920 are machined or molded into heel portion 941 . In this example, the blade 943 has a variable thickness, such as a peak thickness 947 within the preferred strike zone 953 . The peak thickness 947 may be between about 2 mm and about 7.5 mm, between about 4.3 mm and 5.15 mm, between about 4.0 mm and about 5.15 or 5.5 mm, or between about 3.8 mm and about 4.8 mm, more Preferably, it is 4.1mm±0.1mm, 4.25mm±0.1mm or 4.5mm±0.1mm. Peak thickness 947 may be located at the geometric center of the striking face defined by blade 943 . In some examples, the minimum thickness of the blade 943 is between 3.0 mm and 4.0 mm.

Additionally, in some instances, the preferred strike zone 953 is eccentric or offset relative to the geometric center of the ball striking face, and may be thicker toward the geometric center of the ball striking face. In some examples, the thickness of the blade 943 within the preferred striking zone 953 is variable (eg, between about 3.5 mm to about 5.0 mm) and the thickness of the blade outside the preferred striking zone 953 The thickness of 943 is constant (eg, between 3.5 mm and 4.2 mm) and is less than within the preferred strike zone 953 . In some examples, the blade 943 has a thickness of between 3.5mm and 6.0mm.

The blade 943 has a toe edge area and a heel edge area outside the preferred strike zone 953 such that the preferred strike zone is between the toe edge area and the heel edge area. The toe edge region is closer to the toe portion than the heel edge region. The heel edge region is closer to the heel portion than the toe edge region. The thickness of the toe edge region is less than the maximum thickness. The thickness of the blade 943 transitions from a maximum thickness in the preferred strike zone 953 to a toe edge region thickness in the toe edge region of between 3.85 mm and 4.5 mm.

In some embodiments, the blade 943 is made of a multi-layer composite material. Exemplary composite materials and methods of making the same are described in US Patent Application Serial No. 13/452,370 (published as US Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0199282), which is incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, the inner and outer surfaces of the composite face may include layers of scrim, such as to reinforce the blade 943 with fiberglass that make up the scrim fabric. Multiple quasi-isotropic panels (Q) may also be included, each Q panel using multiple plies of unidirectional composite panels offset from each other. In the exemplary four-ply ply Q panel, the unidirectional composite panel is oriented at 90°, -45°, 0°, and 45°, which provides structural stability in each direction. It is also possible to include clusters (C) of unidirectional strips, each C using multiple unidirectional composite strips. In the example four strips C, the four 27mm strips are oriented at 0°, 125°, 90° and 55°. C may be provided to increase the thickness of the blade 943 in localized areas, such as the thickness in the center plane of the preferred hitting zone. Some Qs and Cs may have additional or fewer plies (eg, three plies instead of four), such as fine-tuning thickness, mass, local thickness, and provide other characteristics of the blade 943, such as increased Or reduce the COR of the batter 943.

In some embodiments, the ball striking face of some examples of golf club heads disclosed herein, such as the blade 243, is made of a multi-layer composite material. Exemplary composite materials and methods of making the same are described in US Patent Application Serial No. 13/452,370 (published as US Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0199282), which is incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, the inner and outer surfaces of the composite face may include layers of scrim, such as to reinforce the ball striking face with fiberglass that constitute the scrim. Multiple quasi-isotropic panels (Q) may also be included, each Q panel using multiple plies of unidirectional composite panels offset from each other. In the exemplary four-ply ply Q panel, the unidirectional composite panel is oriented at 90°, -45°, 0°, and 45°, which provides structural stability in each direction. It is also possible to include clusters (C) of unidirectional strips, each C using multiple unidirectional composite strips. In the example four strips C, the four 27mm strips are oriented at 0°, 125°, 90° and 55°. C can be provided to increase hitting face or other compound features in localized areas thickness, such as the thickness in the center plane of the preferred strike zone. Some Qs and Cs may have additional or fewer plies (eg, three plies instead of four), such as fine-tuning thickness, mass, local thickness, and provide other characteristics of the face, such as increased or Reduce the COR of the hitting face.

Additional composite materials and methods of making them are described in US Pat. Nos. 8,163,119 and 10,046,212, which are incorporated by reference. For example, the typical number of layers for a bat is a large number, such as fifty or more. However, improvements have been made in the art so that the number of layers can be reduced to between 30 and 50 layers.

Table 3 below provides examples of possible lay-ups of one or more composite components of the golf club heads disclosed herein. These laminates show possible unidirectional plies unless noted as braided plies. The configuration shown is for a quasi-isotropic stack. For a standard FAW of 70 gsm with a resin content of about 36% to about 40%, the single layer sheet has a thickness ranging from about 0.065 mm to about 0.080 mm. The thickness of each individual ply can be changed by adjusting the FAW or resin content, so the thickness of the overall stack can be changed by adjusting these parameters.

Area weight (AW) is calculated by multiplying the density by the thickness. For the sheet made of the composite material shown above, the density is about 1.5 g/cm ³ , while the density of titanium is about 4.5 g/cm ³ .

Typically, the composite panel or composite face insert may have a peak thickness that varies between about 3.8 mm to 5.15 mm. Typically, composite panels are formed from multiple composite sheets or layers. The typical number of layers for a composite ball face is a large number, for example, forty or more, preferably between 30 and 75 plies, more preferably between 50 and 70 plies, even better The ground is between 55 and 65 slices.

In one example, the first composite facial insert may have a peak thickness of 4.1 mm and an edge thickness of 3.65 mm, including 12 Qs and 2 Cs, resulting in a mass of 24.7 grams. In another example, the second composite facial insert may have a peak thickness of 4.25mm and an edge thickness of 3.8mm, including 12 Qs and 2 Cs, resulting in a mass of 25.6 grams. Additional thickness and quality are provided by including additional plies in one or more of the Qs or Cs, such as by using two 4 ply Qs instead of two 3 ply Qs. In yet another example, the third composite facial insert may have a peak thickness of 4.5 mm and an edge thickness of 3.9 mm, including 12 Qs and 3 Cs, resulting in a mass of 26.2 grams. Additional and different combinations of Q and C may be provided for composite facial inserts 110 having masses between about 20g and about 30g, or between about 15g and about 35g. In some instances, wherein a bat, such as bat 943, has a weight between 22 grams and 28 grams total mass.

28A is a cross-sectional view of the heel portion 41 of the blade 943. FIG. The heel portion 941 may include the notch 920 . In embodiments with a chamfer on the inside edge of the blade 943 , no chamfer 950 is provided on the notch 920 . The notch edge thickness 944 of the notch 920 may be less than the edge thickness 945 of the face insert 110 (see, eg, FIG. 28B ). For example, the notch edge thickness 944 may be between 1.5mm and 2.1mm, preferably 1.8mm.

28B is a cross-sectional view of the toe portion 942 of the blade 943. FIG. The toe portion 942 includes a chamfer 951 on the inside edge of the blade 943 . In some embodiments, the edge thickness 945 may be between about 3.35 mm and about 4.2 mm, preferably 3.65 mm ± 0.1 mm, 3.8 mm ± 0.1 mm, or 3.9 mm ± 0.1 mm.

29 is a cross-sectional view of the polymer layer 900 of the blade 943. FIG. The polymer layer 900 may be disposed on the outer surface of the blade 943 to provide better performance of the blade 943, such as in wet conditions. Exemplary polymer layers are described in US Patent Application Serial No. 13/330,486 (US Patent No. 8,979,669), which is incorporated by reference. The polymer layer 900 may comprise polyurethane and/or other polymer materials. The polymer layer may have a maximum thickness 960 of the polymer of about 0.2 mm to 0.7 mm or about 0.3 mm to about 0.5 mm, preferably 0.40 mm ± 0.05 mm. The polymer layer may have a minimum thickness 970 of the polymer between about 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm, preferably between 0.09 mm ± 0.02 mm. The polymer layers may be configured with alternating maximum thickness 960 and minimum thickness 970 to create score lines on the blade 943 . Additionally, in some embodiments, teeth and/or another texture may be provided between score lines on thicker regions of the polymer layer 900 .

In some examples, crown inserts, such as crown insert 108, and bottom inserts, such as bottom insert 110, are made of carbon fiber reinforced polymeric material. In one example, the crown insert is made from layers of unidirectional tape, woven cloth, and composite plies.

Referring to FIG. 4, golf club head 100 has a face-to-back dimension (FBD), the face-to-back dimension (FBD) is defined as an imaginary plane 169 passing through the center plane 183 of the ball striking face 145 and parallel to the ball striking face 145 and a golf ball in the face-to-back direction 165 perpendicular to the imaginary plane 169 The distance between the last points on the club head 100 . As defined herein, the center plane 183 is at 0% of the back face dimension (FBD) and the rearmost point is at 100% of the back face dimension (FBD). Under this definition, the golf club head 100 can be divided into face segments extending in the face direction 165 from 0% of the face back dimension (FBD) to 25% of the face back dimension (FBD), A middle section extending from 25% to 75% of the face back dimension (FBD) and a back section extending in the face back direction 165 from 75% to 100% of the face back dimension (FBD). According to some examples, at least 95% of the weight of the middle section is made of material having a density between 0.9 g/cc and 4.0 g/cc. In certain examples, at least 95% of the weight of the middle section is made of material having a density between 0.9 g/cc and 2.0 g/cc. In some examples, at least 95% of the weight of the middle section and at least 95% of the weight of the back section are made of a material having a density between 0.9 g/cc and 2.0 g/cc, excluding any additional weights and any housing for additional counterweights. According to various examples, no more than 20% by weight of the middle section and no more than 20% by weight of the back section are made of a material having a density between 4.0 g/cc and 20.0 g/cc.

In some examples, golf club head 100 includes one or more of the following materials: carbon steel, stainless steel (eg, 17-4 PH stainless steel), alloy steel, iron-manganese-aluminum alloy, nickel-based iron alloy, cast iron, superalloy steel, Aluminum alloys (including but not limited to 3000 series alloys, 5000 series alloys, 6000 series alloys such as 6061-T6 and 7000 series alloys such as 7075), magnesium alloys, copper alloys, titanium alloys (including but not limited to 6-4 titanium, 3- 2.5, 6-4, SP 700, 15-3-3-3, 10-2-3, Ti 9-1-1, ZA 1300 or other alpha/near alpha, alpha-beta and beta/near beta titanium alloys) or a mixture thereof.

In one example, when forming part of a golf club head disclosed herein, such as when forming part of a blade, the titanium alloy is a 9-1-1 titanium alloy. Contains aluminum (eg, 8.5%-9.5% Al), vanadium (eg, 0.9%-1.3% V) and a titanium alloy of molybdenum (eg, 0.8%-1.1% Mo), optionally with other minor alloying elements and impurities, collectively referred to herein as "9-1-1 Ti", may have a less pronounced alpha shell, This makes HF acid etching less or at least less necessary than for faces made from traditional 6-4 Ti and other titanium alloys. In addition, 9-1-1 Ti may have minimum mechanical properties of 820 MPa yield strength, 958 MPa tensile strength and 10.2% elongation. These minimum properties are significantly better than typical cast titanium alloys such as 6-4 Ti, which have minimum mechanical properties of 812 MPa yield strength, 936 MPa tensile strength and ~6% elongation. In some instances, the titanium alloy is 8-1-1 Ti.

In another example, when forming part of a golf club head disclosed herein, such as when forming part of a blade, the titanium alloy is a titanium alloy comprising 6.5% to 10% by weight aluminum, 0.5% to 10% by weight aluminum 3.25% molybdenum, 1.0% to 3.0% by weight chromium, 0.25% to 1.75% by weight vanadium and/or 0.25% to 1% by weight iron, the balance including titanium (an example is sometimes called "1300" or "ZA1300" titanium alloy) α-β titanium alloy. The alpha-beta titanium alloy or ZA1300 titanium alloy has a first ultimate tensile strength of at least 1,000 MPa in some examples and at least 1,100 MPa in other examples. Except for the ball striking face 145, the ultimate tensile strength of the material forming the body 102 may be at least 10% less than the first ultimate tensile strength. In another representative example, the alloy may comprise 6.75% to 9.75% by weight Al, 0.75% to 3.25% by weight or 2.75% Mo, 1.0% to 3.0% by weight Cr, 0.25% to 1.75% V and/or 0.25% to 1% Fe by weight, the balance comprising Ti. In yet another representative example, the alloy may comprise 7% to 9% by weight Al, 1.75% to 3.25% by weight Mo, 1.25% to 2.75% by weight Cr, 0.5% to 9% by weight 1.5% V and/or 0.25% to 0.75% Fe by weight, the balance comprising Ti. In a further representative example, the alloy may comprise 7.5% to 8.5% by weight Al, 2.0% to 3.0% by weight Mo, 1.5% to 2.5% by weight Cr, 0.75% to 2.5% by weight 1.25% V and/or 0.375% to 0.625% Fe by weight, the balance comprising Ti. In another representative example, the alloy may contain 8% by weight Al, 2.5% by weight Mo, 2% by weight Cr, 1% by weight V and/or 0.5% by weight Fe, the balance comprising Ti (this titanium alloy The molecular formula is Ti-8Al-2.5Mo-2Cr-1V-0.5Fe). As used herein, reference to "Ti-8Al-2.5Mo-2Cr-1V-0.5Fe" refers to a titanium alloy comprising any ratio of the reference elements given above. Certain examples may also contain trace amounts of K, Mn, and/or Zr, and/or various impurities.

Ti-8Al-2.5Mo-2Cr-1V-0.5Fe may have minimum mechanical properties of 1150MPa yield strength, 1180MPa tensile strength and 8% elongation. These minimum properties can be significantly better than other cast titanium alloys, including 6-4 Ti and 9-1-1 Ti, which can have the minimum mechanical properties described above. In some examples, Ti-8Al-2.5Mo-2Cr-1V-0.5Fe may have a tensile strength of about 1180 MPa to about 1460 MPa, a yield strength of about 1150 MPa to about 1415 MPa, an elongation of about 8% to about 12%, A modulus of elasticity of about 110 GPa, a density of about 4.45 g/cm ³ and a hardness of about 43 on the Rockwell C scale (43 HRC). In a specific example, the Ti-8Al-2.5Mo-2Cr-1V-0.5Fe alloy may have a tensile strength of about 1320 MPa, a yield strength of about 1284 MPa, and an elongation of about 10%. Ti-8Al-2.5Mo-2Cr-1V-0.5Fe alloy, especially when used for casting golf club head bodies, can promote the same thickness due to its higher ultimate tensile strength compared to other materials Less deflection. In some embodiments, providing less flex at the same thickness is beneficial for golfers with higher swing speeds because the face of the golf club head will maintain over time over time its original shape.

In certain examples, the golf club head 100 is made of a non-metallic material having a density of less than about 2 g/cm ³ , such as between about 1 g/cm ³ and about 2 g/cm ³ . Non-metallic materials may include polymers, such as fiber reinforced polymeric materials. Polymers can be thermoset or thermoplastic, and can be amorphous, crystalline and/or semi-crystalline in structure. Polymers can also be formed from engineering plastics, such as crystalline or semi-crystalline engineering plastics or amorphous engineering plastics. Potential engineering plastic candidates include polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyethylene glycol (PEI), polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), acrylonitrile-butadiene styrene plastic (ABS), poly Formaldehyde plastic (POM), nylon 6, nylon 6-6, nylon 12, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyphenylene ether (PPO), polyethylene terephthalate (PBT), poly ( PSU), polyether selenium (PES), polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or their mixtures. Organic fibers, such as glass fibers, carbon fibers or metal fibers, can be added to engineering plastics to enhance structural strength. The reinforcing fibers can be continuous long fibers or short fibers. One of the advantages of a PSU is that it is relatively stiff and has relatively low damping, which results in better-sounding or more metallic-sounding golf clubs compared to other polymers that may be over-damped. Additionally, the PSU requires less post-processing as it does not require polishing or painting to obtain the final finished golf club head.

An exemplary material from which any one or more of the sole insert 110, crown insert 108, cast cup 103, ring 106, and/or ball striking face (such as blade 243) can be made is thermoplastic Continuous carbon fiber composite laminates with aligned long carbon fibers in a PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) matrix or base. A commercial example of a fiber reinforced polymer is TEPEX® DYNALITE 207, manufactured by Lanxess®, from which the sole insert 110, crown insert 108 and/or ball striking face are made. TEPEX® DYNALITE 207 is a high strength, lightweight material arranged in sheets with multiple layers of continuous carbon fiber reinforcement in a PPS thermoplastic matrix or polymer to embed fibers. The material may have a fiber volume of 54%, but may have other fiber volumes (such as 42% to 57% by volume). According to one example, the weight of the material is 200 g/m ² . Another commercial example of a fiber reinforced polymer from which the sole insert 110, crown insert 108 and/or ball striking face is made is TEPEX® DYNALITE 208. The carbon fiber volume of this material also ranges from 42% to 57%, with one example comprising 45% by volume and a weight of 200 g/m ² . DYNALITE 208 differs from DYNALITE 207 in that it has a TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) matrix or binder instead of a polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) matrix.

For example, TEPEX® DYNALITE 207 sheet (or its Other fiber reinforced polymer materials, such as DYNALITE 208, the fibers of each sheet are oriented in the same direction, while the sheets are oriented in different directions relative to each other, and the sheets are placed in a two-piece (male/female) matched mold , heated above the melting temperature, and formed when the mold is closed. This process may be referred to as thermoforming and is particularly suitable for forming the sole insert 110, the crown insert 108 and/or the ball striking face. After the sole insert 110, crown insert 108 and/or ball striking face are formed by a thermoforming process (in some embodiments individually), each is cooled and removed from the matching mold. In some embodiments, the sole insert 110, crown insert 108, and/or ball striking face have a uniform thickness, which facilitates ease of use and manufacture of the thermoforming process. However, in other embodiments, the sole insert 110, crown insert 108, and/or ball striking face may have variable thicknesses to reinforce select localized areas of the insert, such as by adding additional plies in select areas To improve durability, acoustic properties or other properties of the corresponding insert.

In some examples, any one or more of sole insert 110, crown insert 108, cast cup 103, ring 106, and/or a ball striking face (such as blade 243) may be formed by other than thermoforming processes such as injection molding or thermosetting. In a thermoset process, any one or more of the sole insert 110, crown insert 108, cast cup 103, ring 106, and/or ball striking face (eg, blade 243) may be made of woven or unidirectional composite fibers Fabrics, such as carbon fiber composite fabrics, are made from "prepreg" sheets that are pre-impregnated with a resin and curing agent formulation that activates when heated. The prepreg plies are placed in a mold suitable for thermosetting processes such as balloon molds or compression molds and stacked/oriented with carbon or other fibers oriented in different directions. The sheets are heated to activate the chemical reaction and form the crown insert 126 and/or the bottom insert. Each insert is cooled and removed from its respective mold.

Carbon fiber reinforcement for any one or more of sole insert 110, crown insert 108, cast cup 103, ring 106, and/or ball striking face (such as blade 243) is made from a thermoset manufacturing process , the carbon fiber reinforced The material may be carbon fiber known as "34-700" fiber, available from Grafil Corporation of Sacramento, CA, with a tensile modulus of 234 Gpa (34 Msi) and a tensile strength of 4500 Mpa (650 Ksi). Another suitable fiber, also available from Grafil Corporation, is a carbon fiber known as "TR50S" fiber, which has a tensile modulus of 240 Gpa (35 Msi) and a tensile strength of 4900 Mpa (710 Ksi). Exemplary epoxy resins used to form the prepreg plies of the thermoset crown and bottom inserts include Newport 301 and 350 and are available from Newport Adhesives & Composites, Inc. of Irvine, CA. In one example, the prepreg has a 34-700 fiber quasi-isotropic fiber reinforcement with an areal weight between about 20 g/m^2 to about 200 g/m^2, preferably about 70 g /m^2 and impregnated with epoxy resin (eg, Newport 301), resulting in a resin content (R/C) of about 40%. For ease of reference, the plastic composition of a prepreg may be specified in abbreviated form by identifying its fiber areal weight, fiber type (eg, 70 FAW34-700). Abbreviations may further identify resin system and resin content, eg, 70 FAW 34-700/301, R/C 40%.

In some examples, polymers used to make golf club head 100 may include, but are not limited to, synthetic and natural rubbers, thermoset polymers such as thermoset polyurethane or thermoset polyurea, and thermoplastic elastomers such as thermoplastic polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurea Thermoplastic polymers, metallocene catalyzed polymers, unimodal ethylene/carboxylic acid copolymers, unimodal ethylene/carboxylic acid/carboxylate terpolymers, bimodal ethylene/carboxylic acid copolymers, bimodal ethylene/carboxylic acid/ Carboxylate Terpolymer, Polyamide (PA), Polyketone (PK), Copolyamide, Polyester, Copolyester, Polycarbonate, Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS), Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC) ), polyolefins, halogenated polyolefins [such as chlorinated polyethylene (CPE)], halogenated polyalkylene compounds, polyolefins, polyphenylene oxides, polyphenylene sulfides, diallyl phthalate polymers, poly Imide, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide ionomer, polyurethane ionomer, polyvinyl alcohol, polyarylate, polyacrylate, polyphenylene ether, impact modified polyphenylene ether, polystyrene, high resistance Punched Polystyrene, Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer, Styrene-Acrylonitrile (SAN), Acrylonitrile-Styrene-Acrylonitrile, Styrene-Male Anhydride (S/MA) polymers, styrene block copolymers including styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) and styrene-ethylene-propylene- Styrene (SEPS), styrene terpolymers, functionalized styrene block copolymers including hydroxylated, functionalized styrene copolymers, and terpolymers, cellulose polymers, liquid crystal polymers (LCP), Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymers (EPDM), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA), ethylene-propylene copolymers, propylene elastomers (such as US Pat. No. 6,525,157 to Kim et al., the entire contents of which are provided by incorporated herein by reference), ethylene vinyl acetate, polyureas and polysiloxanes, and any and all combinations thereof.

Among them, the preferred ones are polyamide (PA), polyphthalimide (PPA), polyketone (PK), copolyamide, polyester, copolyester, polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide ( PPS), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), polyphenylene oxide, diallyl phthalate polymer, polyarylate, polyacrylate, polyphenylene oxide and impact modified polyphenylene oxide. Particularly preferred polymers for use in the golf club heads of the present invention are the family of so-called high performance engineering thermoplastics, which are known for their toughness and stability at high temperatures. These polymers include polyether, polyetherester and polyamide-imide. Among them, the most preferable is polysilk.

Aromatic polyphenylene is a class of polymers formed by the polycondensation of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylene with itself or one or more dihydric phenols. Aromatic polysiloxanes include thermoplastics sometimes referred to as polyetherites, the general structure of which repeating units has a diarylidene structure, which can be represented as -arylene-SO2-arylene-. These units can be interconnected by carbon-carbon bonds, carbon-oxygen-carbon bonds, carbon-sulfur-carbon bonds, or via short alkylene bonds to form thermally stable thermoplastic polymers. The polymers in this family are completely amorphous with high glass transition temperatures, providing high strength and stiffness properties even at high temperatures, making them useful in demanding engineering applications. The polymer also has good ductility and toughness, and is transparent in its natural state due to its completely amorphous nature. Other key attributes include resistance to hot water/steam hydrolysis and excellent acid and quinine resistance. Polysilicon is completely thermoplastic, allowing manufacture by most standard methods, such as injection molding, extrusion, and thermoforming. it They also have a wide range of high temperature engineering uses.

Three commercially important polysilicones are a) polysiloxane (PSU); b) polyether silt (PES also known as PESU); and c) polyphenylene silt (PPSU).

Particularly important and preferred aromatic polysiloxanes are those consisting of repeating units of the structure -C6H4SO2-C6H4-O-, wherein C6H4 represents the meta- or para-phenylene structure. The polymer chain may also contain repeating units such as -C6H4-, C6H4-O-, -C6H4-(lower alkylene)-C6H4-O-, -C6H4-O-C6H4-O-, -C6H4-S-C6H4 -O- and other thermally stable basic aromatic difunctional groups known in the field of engineering thermoplastics. Also included are so-called modified polysiloxanes in which a single aromatic ring is further substituted with one or more substituents including

、或

、或

其中，R在每次出現時獨立地為氫原子、鹵素原子或烴基或其組合。鹵素原子包括氟、氯、溴和碘原子。烴基包括例如C1-C20烷基、C2-C20烯基、C3-C20環烷基、C3-C20環烯基和C6-C20芳烴基。這些烴基可以部分被一個或多個鹵素原子取代，或者可以被極性基團或一個或多個鹵素原子以外的基團部分取代。作為C1-C20烷基的具體實例，可以提及甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、戊基、己基、辛基、癸基和十二烷基。作為C2-C20烯基的具體實例，可以提及丙烯基、異丙基、丁烯基、異丁烯基、戊烯基和己烯基。作為C3-C20環烷基的具體實例，可以提及環戊基和環己基。作為C3-C20環烯基的具體實例，可以提及環戊烯基和環己烯基。作為芳族烴 基的具體實例，可提及苯基和萘基或其組合。

,or

,or

wherein R at each occurrence is independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a hydrocarbyl group, or a combination thereof. Halogen atoms include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine atoms. Hydrocarbyl groups include, for example, C1-C20 alkyl groups, C2-C20 alkenyl groups, C3-C20 cycloalkyl groups, C3-C20 cycloalkenyl groups, and C6-C20 aromatic hydrocarbon groups. These hydrocarbon groups may be partially substituted with one or more halogen atoms, or may be partially substituted with polar groups or groups other than one or more halogen atoms. As specific examples of the C1-C20 alkyl group, mention may be made of methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl and dodecyl. As specific examples of the C2-C20 alkenyl group, propenyl, isopropyl, butenyl, isobutenyl, pentenyl and hexenyl can be mentioned. As specific examples of the C3-C20 cycloalkyl group, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl can be mentioned. As specific examples of the C3-C20 cycloalkenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group and a cyclohexenyl group can be mentioned. As specific examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group, a phenyl group and a naphthyl group or a combination thereof can be mentioned.

Individually preferred polymers include (a) polycondensates made by polycondensation of bisphenol A and 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylene in the presence of quinium, and have a predominantly repeating structure

和縮寫PSF並以商品名Udel®、Ultrason®S、Eviva®、RTPPSU出售，(b)藉由4,4'-二羥基二苯和4,4'-二氯二苯碸在堿存在下縮聚制得的聚碸堿基，並具有主重複結構

and the abbreviation PSF and sold under the trade names Udel®, Ultrason® S, Eviva®, RTPPSU, (b) by polycondensation of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl and 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl in the presence of quinium The obtained polybasic base has a main repeating structure

和縮寫PPSF並以商品名RADEL®樹脂出售；(c)由4,4'-二氯二苯碸在堿存在下製成的縮聚物，並具有主要重複結構

and the abbreviation PPSF and sold under the trade name RADEL® resins; (c) polycondensates of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylene in the presence of quinium and having a predominantly repeating structure

和縮寫PPSF，有時稱為「聚醚碸」，並以商品名Ultrason®E、LNP^TM、Veradel®PESU、Sumikaexce和VICTREX®樹脂出售，以及它們的任何和所有組合。

and the abbreviation PPSF, sometimes referred to as "polyether fume" and sold under the trade names Ultrason® E, LNP ^™ , Veradel® PESU, Sumikaexce and VICTREX® resins, and any and all combinations thereof.

In some instances, one or more of sole insert 110 , crown insert 108 , cast cup 103 , ring 106 , and/or any one or more of a ball striking face (such as blade 243 ) may be made therefrom An exemplary material is a composite material made of a composite material, such as a carbon fiber reinforced polymeric material, that includes a plurality of sheets or layers of fibrous material (eg, graphite, or carbon fibers including vortex layers, or graphitic carbon fibers, or both. Hybrid structure with graphite and vortex layer components). In US Patent Application Nos. 10/442,348 (now US Patent No. 7,267,620), 10/831,496 (now US Patent No. 7,140,974), 11/642,310, 11/825,138, 11/998,436, 11/895,195, 11/823,638, Some examples of these composite materials and procedures for their manufacture are described in 12/004,386, 12,004,387, 11/960,609, 11/960,610, and 12/156,947, which are incorporated herein by reference. Composite materials can be made according to at least the methods described in US Patent Application No. 11/825,138, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Alternatively, short or long fiber reinforced formulations of the previously mentioned polymers can be used. Exemplary formulations include nylon 6/6 polyamide formulations that are 30% carbon fiber filled and are commercially available from RTP Company under the tradename RTP 285. This material has a tensile strength of 35,000 psi (241 MPa) according to ASTM D 638; a tensile elongation of 2.0-3.0% according to ASTM D 638; and a tensile modulus of 3.30 x 106 psi (22,754 MPa) according to ASTM D 638 ); flexural strength measured according to ASTM D 790 was 50000 psi (345 MPa); and flexural modulus measured according to ASTM D 790 was 2.60 x 106 psi (17927 MPa).

Other materials include a polyphthalamide (PPA) formulation, which is 40% carbon fiber filled, commercially available from RTP Company under the tradename RTP 4087 UP. This material has a tensile strength of 360 MPa according to ISO 527; a tensile elongation of 1.4% according to ISO 527; a tensile modulus of 41500 MPa according to ISO 527; and a flexural strength of 580 MPa according to ISO 178 ; and the flexural modulus measured according to ISO 178 is 34500 MPa.

Other materials include a polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) formulation, which is 30% carbon fiber filled and commercially available from RTP Company under the tradename RTP 1385 UP. This material has a tensile strength of 255 MPa according to ISO 527; a tensile elongation of 1.3% according to ISO 527; a tensile modulus of 28500 MPa according to ISO 527; and a flexural strength of 385 MPa according to ISO 178 ; and a flexural modulus measured according to ISO 178 of 23,000 MPa.

A particularly preferred material includes a polysilicon (PSU) formulation, which is 20% carbon fiber filled, commercially available from RTP Company under the tradename RTP 983. The tensile strength of this material is 124 MPa measured according to ISO 527; according to ISO The tensile elongation measured according to ISO 527 was 2%; the tensile modulus measured according to ISO 527 was 11032 MPa; the flexural strength measured according to ISO 178 was 186 MPa; and the flexural modulus measured according to ISO 178 was 9653 MPa.

In addition, a preferred material may include a polysilicon (PSU) formulation, which is 30% carbon fiber filled and is commercially available from RTP Company under the tradename RTP 985. This material has a tensile strength of 138 MPa according to ISO 527; a tensile elongation of 1.2% according to ISO 527; a tensile modulus of 20685 MPa according to ISO 527; and a flexural strength of 193 MPa according to ISO 178 ; and the flexural modulus measured according to ISO 178 is 12411 MPa.

A further preferred material includes a polysilicon (PSU) formulation, which is 40% carbon fiber filled, commercially available from RTP Company under the tradename RTP 987. This material has a tensile strength of 155 MPa according to ISO 527; a tensile elongation of 1% according to ISO 527; a tensile modulus of 24132 MPa according to ISO 527; and a flexural strength of 241 MPa according to ISO 178 ; and the flexural modulus measured according to ISO 178 is 19306 MPa.

Any one or more of sole insert 110, crown insert 108, cast cup 103, ring 106, and/or a ball striking surface (such as blade 243) may have complex three-dimensional shapes and curvatures that and The curvature generally corresponds to the desired shape and curvature of the golf club head 100 . It should be understood that other types of club heads, such as fairway wood-type club heads, hybrid club heads, and iron-type club heads, may be fabricated using one or more of the principles, methods, and materials described herein.

33, 34, and 42, according to some examples, a method 550 of manufacturing a golf club head of the present disclosure, such as golf club head 100, includes (block 552) laser ablating a first component of the golf club head The first part surface 520 of 502 is formed such that the first part ablated surface 522 is formed in the first part 502 . The method 550 also includes (block 554 ) laser ablating the second part surface 524 of the second part 504 of the golf club head 100 such that the second part ablated surface 526 is formed in the second part 504 . The method 550 additionally includes (block 556) placing the first component The ablated surface 522 and the second component ablated surface 526 are bonded together. In general, method 550 facilitates producing a golf club head bonding surface (ie, lap surface) having features that promote a firm and reliable bond between the bonding surfaces. More specifically, the features formed by laser ablation of the bonding surfaces of the golf club head promote an increase in the pattern uniformity and surface energy of the bonding surfaces, which helps to strengthen the bond between the bonding surfaces and improve golf. The overall reliability and performance of the club head. In addition, laser ablation of the bonding surface enables reproducibility of the surface properties of multiple parts and batches of parts. As defined herein, each of first component ablation surface 522 and/or second component ablation surface 526 may be a single continuous surface or a plurality of spaced apart (eg, discontinuous) surfaces.

Conventional methods for bonding the surfaces of golf club heads together, including surface preparation via non-laser ablation methods, may not provide sufficient pattern uniformity and surface energy to produce a strong and reliable bond. For example, chemical ablation and media jet ablation processes cannot achieve the pattern uniformity and surface energy of the bonding surface that can be achieved by laser ablation of the present disclosure. The pattern of peaks and valleys on the bonding surfaces ablated via chemical ablation processes or media jet ablation processes is irregular and inconsistent, which results in low and non-uniform bond strength across the bond between the bonding surfaces.

As shown in FIG. 33 , the first part laser 506 is configured to generate and direct the first part laser beam 508 at the first part surface 520 of the first part 502 . The first part laser beam 508 strikes the first part surface 520, which sublimates a portion of the first part surface 520 to a desired depth. More specifically, the energy of the first component laser beam 508 is sufficient to directly convert a portion of the first component surface 520 from a solid state to a gaseous state. In some examples, the desired depth is between 5 and 100 microns, between 20 and 50 microns, or about 30 microns. The gas sublimated from the first part surface 520 may be drawn away, such as by a vacuum pump (not shown).

The depth of the portion of the first part surface 520 that is sublimed (eg, removed) depends on the material of the first part surface 520 and the first part laser beam 508 characteristics. The characteristics of the first component laser beam 508 include the impact intensity (eg, optical power per unit area), pulse frequency, and duration of the first component laser beam 508 on the first component surface 520 . After a portion of the first component surface 520 is removed, the first component ablation surface 522 is exposed. Thus, in general, the first part laser beam 508 removes the top surface of the first part 502, thereby exposing the fresh surface of the first part 502. The first component ablated surface 522 (eg, fresh surface or exposed surface) is relatively free of contaminants (eg, oxides, moisture, etc.) present on the first component surface 520 .

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 34 , second part laser 510 is configured to generate second part laser beam 510 and direct second part laser beam 512 at second part surface 524 of second part 504 . The second part laser beam 512 impinges on the second part surface 524, which sublimates a portion of the second part surface 524 to the desired depth. More specifically, the energy of the second component laser beam 512 is sufficient to directly convert a portion of the second component surface 524 from a solid state to a gaseous state. The gas sublimated from the second part surface 524 may be drawn away, such as by a vacuum pump (not shown). The depth of the sublimated portion of the second component surface 524 depends on the material of the second component surface 524 and the characteristics of the second component laser beam 512 . As with the first component laser beam 508, the characteristics of the second component laser beam 512 include the impact intensity (eg, optical power per unit area) of the second component laser beam 512 on the second component surface 524, pulse frequency, and duration. Typically, the first component laser beam 508 and the second component laser beam 512 are highly focused beams of laser radiation. After a portion of the second component surface 524 is removed, the second component ablation surface 526 is exposed. Thus, in general, the second part laser beam 512 removes the top surface of the second part 504 exposing the fresh surface of the second part 504 . The second component ablation surface 526 is relatively free of contaminants present on the second component surface 524 .

In some instances of method 550 , first part laser beam 508 is moved along first part surface 520 at a first part velocity to form first part ablation surface 522 in first part 502 . Similarly, in some instances, the second part laser beam 510 moves along the second part surface 524 at the second part velocity to A second part ablation surface 526 is formed in the second part 504 . In this way, a laser beam with a relatively small footprint can be used to form an ablated surface with a relatively large surface area. Furthermore, in various examples, optics may be used to split the laser beam into individual beamlets to travel along the ablation surface and form separate portions of the ablation surface. Also, according to some examples, multiple laser beams generated from multiple lasers may be used to form ablated surfaces in a single component. The rate at which the laser beam moves along the corresponding part depends on the material type of the part. For example, a given laser beam may need to travel along a given part at a faster rate than the other part when the material of a given part sublimates faster than the material of another part. Conversely, a given laser beam may need to travel along a given part at a slower rate than another part when its material sublimates more slowly than another part's material.

The rate of sublimation, and thus the rate of movement of the laser beam along the part, depends on the type of laser that generates the laser beam and the characteristics of the generated laser beam. Different types of lasers generate different types of laser beams. For example, a carbon dioxide laser produces a different laser beam than a fiber optic laser. Likewise, the laser beams generated by Nd-YAG (Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) lasers are different from those generated by CO2 lasers and fiber lasers, respectively. Furthermore, in some instances, the laser can be selectively controlled to adjust the characteristics of the generated laser. For example, the laser can be selectively controlled to adjust one or both of the intensity or pulse frequency of the generated laser. Generally, the higher the intensity of the laser beam or the higher the pulse frequency of the laser beam, the higher the sublimation rate.

After the first part 502 is laser ablated, the first part ablation surface 522 is formed, and the second part 504 is laser ablated to form the second part ablation surface 526, the first part ablation surface 522 and the second part ablation surface 526. The component ablated surfaces 526 are bonded together. Referring to Figure 35, the first part ablation surface 522 and the second part ablation surface 526 are joined together along a bond line 528 when facing each other to form a bond joint. Bond line 528 is defined as a structure between first part ablation surface 522 and second part ablation surface 526, including but not limited to materials. Thus, in some instances, the first component ablation surface 522 and the second component ablation surface 526 are joined along the Lines 528 join directly together. In other words, in such an instance, other than the material of bond wire 528 , no other intervening layer is interposed between first component ablation surface 522 and second component ablation surface 526 . In some examples, bond line 528 includes adhesive 530 when first part ablation surface 522 and second part ablation surface 526 are adhesively bonded. Adhesive 530 may be any of a variety of adhesives known in the art, such as glue, epoxy, resin, and the like. Additionally, the adhesive 530 has a maximum thickness and a minimum thickness along the bond line 528, or alternatively an average thickness.

In some instances, the type of first component laser 506 , the rate of movement of the first laser beam 508 (ie, the first component velocity), and/or the characteristics of the first component laser beam 508 depend on the material type. Similarly, in some instances, the type of second component laser 510, the rate of movement of the second component laser beam 512 (ie, the second component velocity), and/or the characteristics of the second component laser beam 512 depend on the first component The type of material for the second part 504 .

According to some examples, the first part 502 is made of a first material and the second part is made of a second material, wherein the first material is different from the second material. In one example, the first part 502 is made of a first type of metallic material and the second part 504 is made of a second type of metallic material. In another example, the first part 502 is made of a first type of non-metallic material and the second part 504 is made of a second type of non-metallic material. In yet another example, the first part 502 is made of a non-metallic material and the second part 504 is made of a metallic material. In the above examples, at least one of the type of the first part laser 506 , the rate of movement of the first part laser beam 508 , or the characteristics of the first part laser beam 508 is different from the type of the second part laser 510 , respectively , the rate of movement of the second component laser beam 512 or the characteristics of the second component laser beam 512 . According to some examples, the type of the first component laser 506 is different from the type of the second component laser 510 (eg, making the first component laser 506 different from and separate from the second component laser 510 ) . In some instances, the first part rate is different from the second part rate. In one example, the intensity of the first component laser beam 508 is different from the second component laser Intensity of beam 512. Additionally or alternatively, according to some examples, the pulse frequency of the first component laser beam 508 is different from the pulse frequency of the second component laser beam 512 .

According to some examples, the first material is a fiber reinforced polymeric material and the second material is a metallic material. In one example, the fiber reinforced polymeric material is at least one of a glass fiber reinforced polymeric material or a carbon fiber reinforced polymeric material, such as one of those described above, and the metallic material is a titanium alloy, such as a cast titanium material. In these examples, at least one of: the first component laser 506 is a carbon dioxide laser and the second component laser 510 is a fiber optic laser; the first component rate is slower than the second component rate; the first component laser The intensity of beam 508 is less than the intensity of second component laser beam 512 ; or the pulse frequency of first component laser beam 508 is less than the pulse frequency of second component laser beam 512 . In some examples, when the first part velocity is slower than the second part velocity, the first part velocity is between 600 mm/s and 800 mm/s (eg, 700 mm/s), and the second part velocity is between 600 mm/s and 800 mm/s. Between 800mm/s (eg, 700mm/s). In some instances, when the intensity of the first component laser beam 508 is less than the intensity of the second component laser beam 512, the intensity of the first component laser beam 508 is between 40 watts and 60 watts, while the second component laser beam 508 has an intensity between 40 watts and 60 watts. The intensity of the laser beam 512 is between 40 watts and 60 watts. In some examples, when the pulse frequency of the first component laser beam 508 is less than the pulse frequency of the second component laser beam 512, the pulse frequency of the first component laser beam 508 is between 40 kHz and 60 kHz, while the second component laser beam 508 has a pulse frequency between 40 kHz and 60 kHz. The pulse frequency of the laser beam 512 is between 40 kHz and 60 kHz.

When the first material of the first part 502 or the second material of the second part 504 is a fiber reinforced polymeric material (including a plurality of reinforcing fibers embedded in a resin or epoxy matrix), the corresponding first part surface 520 or the first The two-part surface 524 is entirely defined by a resin or epoxy matrix of fiber reinforced polymeric material. Thus, either the first component laser beam 508 or the second component laser beam 512 only strikes and ablates the resin or epoxy matrix without ablating the reinforcing fibers embedded therein. Additionally, in some instances, the first member 502 or the second member 504 is sandwiched between glass Made of multiple plies of carbon fiber reinforced polymeric material between opposing outer plies of glass fiber reinforced polymeric material. In such instances, the corresponding laser beam strikes and ablates only the resin or epoxy matrix of the glass fiber reinforced polymeric material.

As previously mentioned, laser ablation of surfaces can produce fresh (eg, relatively uncontaminated) surfaces with high uniformity peaks and valleys, as well as high surface energy. Typically, each pulse of the laser beam sublimates and removes a localized portion of the ablated surface. The removed portions of the surface define valleys (eg, pits or depressions) whose shape corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the laser beam and whose depth corresponds to the intensity and frequency of the laser beam. As the laser beam moves relative to the surface being ablated, each pulse of the laser beam contacts a different portion of the surface, which results in distinct and spaced valleys corresponding to the portion removed. Because the portions of the surface between the removed portions are not removed, the unremoved portions of the surface define the peaks between the diagonals of the valleys. In this way, a pattern of peaks and valleys is formed in the surface as the laser beam moves relative to the surface.

Referring to Figure 33, sublimation of the first part surface 520 produces a first part ablation surface 522 having a first part ablation pattern of peaks and valleys. Similarly, referring to FIG. 34, sublimation of the second feature surface 524 produces a second feature ablation surface 526 having a second feature ablation pattern of peaks and valleys. Examples of ablation patterns that may represent valleys and peaks of the first feature ablation pattern and the second feature ablation pattern are shown in FIGS. 36, 37, 45-46.

Ablation pattern 540 includes a plurality of peaks 542 separated by a plurality of valleys 544 . Typically, the laser beam is moved and pulsed so that the valleys are positioned relative to each other to form the desired pattern. The pattern of valleys can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Furthermore, the spacing between valleys can be uniform or non-uniform. In one example, such as shown in FIGS. 36, 45-46, the ablation pattern 540 is symmetrical and the spacing between the valleys of the ablation pattern 540 is uniform. As shown in Figure 36, in one example of a symmetrical pattern, the valleys of the ablation pattern 540 are evenly spaced and closely spaced together, meaning that each valley is associated with at least one adjacent valley of the peak and valley pattern and At least one adjacent peak is adjacent. In the illustrated example of FIG. 36, some valleys of the peak and valley ablation pattern 540 are adjacent to four adjacent valleys and four adjacent peaks. Also, in the illustrated example of FIG. 36, some of the peaks of the ablation pattern 540 of peaks and valleys are adjacent to four adjacent peaks and four adjacent valleys.

In some examples, across one of the peaks 542 and along the length L (or width) of the feature, each of the valleys 544 is separated from an adjacent one of the valleys 544 by a valley-to-valley distance Dvv. The valley-to-valley distance Dvv is defined as the distance from the center point of one of the valleys 544 to the center point of an adjacent one of the valleys 544 . Additionally, each of the valleys 544 has a valley depth dv measured from a hypothetical boundary 546 that is generally coplanar with the surface prior to being laser ablated. Referring to Figures 45 and 46, each of the valleys 544 has a major dimension Dl (eg, the largest dimension) and a minor dimension D2 (eg, the smallest dimension). The primary dimension D1 is equal to or smaller than the secondary dimension D2. For example, referring to FIG. 45, when each of the valleys 544 is substantially circular, the major dimension D1 is equal to the minor dimension D2. However, in other examples, as shown in FIG. 46, each of the valleys 544 has a non-circular shape (eg, an oval shape) such that the major dimension D1 is greater than the minor dimension D2. In some examples, such as when the surface ablated by the laser beam is flat, the resulting ablation pattern includes circular valleys 544 . However, according to some examples, such as when the surface being ablated by the laser beam is curved or shaped, the curvature of the surface causes the valleys 544 of the resulting ablation pattern to have an elliptical shape.

In some examples, the major dimension D1 of at least one of the valleys 544 is between 40 microns and 80 microns, and the minor dimension D2 is equal to the major dimension D1 or may vary by as much as 10% or 20% or by 10-20 microns. Additionally or alternatively, the valley-to-valley distance Dvv between the two valleys 544 may be in the range of 80%-200% (preferably at least 120%) of the major dimension D1 of either of the two valleys 544 . As defined herein, with respect to valley 544, a first valley is adjacent to a second valley when the second valley is a nearest neighbor of the first valley. Furthermore, in some instances, such as those with uniform spacing between valleys, a given valley may be considered adjacent to multiple valleys. The center point of the valley 544 is defined as the location of the maximum depth of the valley 544, which Typically half the major dimension from the outer circumference of the valley 544 inward. The perimeter (eg, perimeter) of the valley 544 is defined as a transition region, wherein the valley depth dv of the valley 544 does not vary by more than 5 microns relative to the unablated surface, preferably between 0 and 5 microns relative to the unablated surface. between 2 microns.

According to one example, as used herein, the uniformity of the ablation pattern of peaks and valleys can be defined in terms of variations in the size of the valleys of the ablation pattern. As previously mentioned, some ablation processes, such as media jet ablation processes, leave substantially uncontrollable ablation patterns comprising valleys that vary widely in size, shape, and spacing. The ability to precisely control the energy, pulse frequency, and directionality of the laser produces ablation patterns with uniformly sized all valleys of the pattern. The uniformity of the size of the valleys of the ablation pattern formed by the laser beam can be represented by the percent difference in size of one valley of the ablation pattern relative to any other (eg, all other) valleys of the ablation pattern . The percent difference in relation to the size of the valleys is equal to the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the size of one valley in the pattern to the size of any other valley in the pattern. The smaller the percent difference in valley size of the ablation pattern, the higher the uniformity of the ablation pattern. In some instances, the size of one valley of a given pattern differs in percentage from the size of any other valley of the given pattern by no more than 20%. In other words, the size of one valley is within 20% of the size of any other valley or all other valleys. In other instances, the size of one valley of a given pattern differs by no more than 10% in percentage from the size of any other valley of the given pattern.

The size of the valley can be expressed as a cross-sectional area, a major dimension D1, a minor dimension D2, a depth dv, or other characteristics of the size of the valley. In some instances, the major dimension Dl or minor dimension D2 of one valley is within 20% of the corresponding major dimension Dl or minor dimension D2 of any other valley or all other valleys. According to one example, the major dimension D1 of one valley is within 20% of the major dimension D1 of any other valley or all other valleys, and the minor dimension D2 of one valley is within the minor dimension of any other valley or all other valleys within 20% of D2. In some instances, the major dimension D1 or minor dimension D2 of one valley is less than the corresponding major dimension D1 or minor dimension D2 of any other valley or all other valleys within 10%. According to one example, the major dimension D1 of one valley is within 10% of the major dimension D1 of any other valley or all other valleys, and the minor dimension D2 of one valley is within the minor dimension of any other valley or all other valleys within 10% of D2. Although the above examples refer to the major dimension D1 and the minor dimension D2 of the valley, other characteristics of the size of the valley, such as cross-sectional area and depth, may be interchanged with the major dimension D1 and the minor dimension D2.

Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the uniformity of an ablation pattern of peaks and valleys as used herein may be defined in terms of changes in distance between adjacent valleys of the ablation pattern. The ability to precisely control the energy, pulse frequency, and directionality of the laser produces ablation patterns in which all valleys of the pattern are evenly spaced from each other. The uniformity of the distance between the valleys of the ablation pattern formed by the laser beam can be measured by the distance between two adjacent valleys of the ablation pattern relative to any other two adjacent valleys of the ablation pattern (eg, all phases expressed as the percentage difference in the distance between adjacent valleys). The percent difference in relation to the distance between valleys is equal to the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the distance between two adjacent valleys in the pattern to the distance between any other two adjacent valleys in the pattern. The smaller the percentage difference in the distance between valleys of the ablation pattern, the higher the uniformity of the ablation pattern. In some examples, the percentage difference between the distance between two adjacent valleys of a given pattern and the difference between any other two adjacent valleys of the given pattern is no more than 20%. In other words, the distance between two adjacent valleys is within 20% of the distance between any other two adjacent valleys. In other examples, the percentage difference between the distance between two adjacent valleys of a given pattern and the difference between any other two adjacent valleys of the given pattern is no more than 10%.

Corresponding to the uniformity of the peaks and valleys of the ablation pattern on the ablated surfaces of the components disclosed herein, laser ablation of the surfaces of the components of the golf club head also promotes the promotion of higher surface energy. As mentioned above, the higher surface energy of the surfaces to be bonded enables a stronger and more reliable bond between the surfaces. The surface energy of a surface is inversely proportional to the water contact angle of the surface. In other words, the smaller the water contact angle of a surface, the higher the surface energy of that surface. the higher. The water contact angle is defined as the angle (through water) that a drop of water on a surface makes with the surface. The lower the water contact angle, the higher the wettability of the surface, which promotes the adhesion of the adhesive and the ability of the adhesive to bind to the surface. Therefore, the lower the water contact angle, the better the bond and the higher the bond strength. In some examples, the water contact angle can be measured by using a goniometer or other measuring device. According to Table 4 below, the water contact angles of various laser ablated surfaces are shown for several examples of golf club heads prior to forming the bond joint.

In Table 4, the crown hosel surface is the portion of the front flange ablation surface 179A of the body 102 that is closer to the crown portion 119 than the bottom portion 117 and closer to the hosel 120 than the toe portion 114; crown toe The surface is a portion of the front flange ablation surface 179A of the body 102 which is closer to the crown portion 119 than the bottom portion 117 and closer to the toe portion 114 than the hosel 120; the bottom hosel surface is the front flange of the main body 102 a portion of ablated surface 179A that is closer to bottom portion 117 than crown portion 119 and closer to hosel 120 than toe portion 114; and the bottom toe surface is a portion of front flange ablated surface 179A of body 102 that is closer to bottom portion 117 than crown portion 119 and closer than hosel 120 Toe portion 114 . Thus, with reference to Table 4, in some examples, the second component ablated surface 526 or any laser ablated surface of the golf club head 100 has a water contact between 2° and 25° or between 5° and 18° horn. According to certain examples, the water contact angle of the ablated surface of golf club head 100 is less than 50°, less than 45°, less than 40°, less than 35°, less than 30°, less than 25°, or less than 20°. In some examples, the water contact angle of the ablated surface of golf club head 100 is greater than zero and less than 30° or greater than zero and less than 25°. In certain examples, the water contact angle of the ablated surface of golf club head 100 is between 1° and 18°.

Referring to FIGS. 38 , 40 and 41 , in some examples, the first component 502 is the blade 143 of the golf club head 100 and the second component 504 is the body 102 of the golf club head 100 . In some examples, the blade 143 may be made of fiber reinforced polymeric material and the body 102 may be made of different materials, such as cast titanium material, non-cast titanium material, aluminum material, steel material, tungsten material, plastic material, etc. . In some examples, the blade 143 is made from multiple stacked plies of fiber-reinforced polymeric material. In one example, the blade 143 is made from 35-70 stacked plies of fiber reinforced polymeric material (each ply having continuous fibers at a given angle) and has values between 3.5mm and 6.0mm inclusive thickness of. The angle of the fibers of the ply can vary from ply to ply. Alternatively, the blade 143 may be made of a metallic material, such as a titanium alloy, and the body 102 may be made of the same metallic material or a different metallic material, such as a different titanium alloy. Also, as discussed above, the body 102 may be made from a plurality of separately formed and subsequently attached components, where each component is made of a different material.

When the first component 502 is the blade 143 of the golf club head 100 , the first component surface 520 includes the inner surface 166 or rear surface of the blade 143 opposite the striking face 145 of the blade 143 . Thus, as shown in FIG. 38 , the first laser 506 generates the first component laser beam 508 and directs the first component laser beam 508 to at least partially on the inner surface 166 within the designated first component bonding area 548 and The inner surface 166 is struck along the designated first part bond area 548 to form the blade interior ablation surface 179C. Therefore, the entire inner surface of the blade 143 Only a portion of 166 (eg, the peripheral portion) is laser ablated, while the remainder of inner surface 166 is not ablated. The first component ablation surface 522 includes, at least in part, the blade interior ablation surface 179C. In some examples, the first component surface 520 also includes the peripheral edge surface 167 of the blade 145 and the first laser 506 generates the first component laser beam 508 and directs the first component laser beam 508 to impinge (eg, throughout) Peripheral edge surface 167, thereby forming blade edge ablation surface 179D. Accordingly, the first component ablation surface 522 may further include the blade edge ablation surface 179D and the designated first component bonding area 548 may further include the peripheral edge surface 167 . In some examples, the blade interior ablation surface 179C and the blade edge ablation surface 179D have the same ablation pattern. In some examples, due to the angle of the peripheral edge surface 167 relative to the inner surface 166, when the peripheral edge surface 167 is laser ablated, the blade 143 is adjusted relative to the first Orientation of component laser 506 .

When the second component 504 is the body 102 , the second component surface 524 includes the plate opening recessed flange 147 of the body 102 . Thus, as shown in FIG. 39, the second laser 510 generates a second component laser beam 512 and directs the second component laser beam 512 to be within and along the specified second component bond area The strike plate opening recesses flange 147 to form front flange ablation surface 179A. The second component ablation surface 526 at least partially includes the front flange ablation surface 179A. In some examples, the second component surface 524 also includes sidewalls 146 extending around the board opening recessed flange 147, and the second laser 510 generates the second component laser beam 512 and directs the second component laser beam 512 to impinge (eg, , all) sidewalls 146 such that front sidewall ablation surfaces 179B are formed. Accordingly, the second component ablation surface 526 may further include the front sidewall ablation surface 179B and the designated second component bonding area may further include the sidewall 146 . In some examples, the front flange ablation surface 179A and the front sidewall ablation surface 179B have the same ablation pattern. In some instances, when laser ablating the sidewalls 146, the body 102 is adjusted relative to the second sidewall 146 due to the angle of the sidewalls 146 relative to the plate opening recessed flange 147 as compared to when the plate opening recessed flange 147 is laser ablated. Orientation of component laser 510 .

In view of the foregoing, according to some examples, such as the golf club head 300 of FIG. 18 , the second component ablation surface 526 is made from two subcomponents (eg, upper cup 304A and lower cup 304B) of different materials. Ablation surface definition. Thus, when the second component ablation surface 526 is laser ablated, the different materials that define the second component ablation surface 526 can be laser ablated in a single sequential step. A first material of the different materials may define a first surface area of the second component ablation surface 526, and a second material of the different materials may define a second surface area of the second component ablation surface. In some examples, the first surface area and the second surface area may be different. According to certain examples, the first surface area is greater than the second surface area, and the first material defining the first surface area has a lower density than the second material defining the second surface area. Both upper cup 304A and lower cup 304B include front flanges and side walls (similar to plate opening recess flange 147 and side walls 146 ) that can be laser ablated to define second part ablation surfaces 526 .

Referring to FIGS. 10-13 , in some examples, the first component 502 is one of the crown insert 108 or the bottom insert 110 , and the second component 504 is the body 102 . In certain instances, crown insert 108 and/or bottom insert 110 may be made of fiber reinforced polymeric materials and body 102 may be made of different materials, such as cast titanium materials, non-cast titanium materials, aluminum materials, steel materials, Tungsten material, plastic material, etc. Alternatively, the crown insert 108 and/or the bottom insert 100 may be made of a metallic material, such as a titanium alloy, and the body 102 may be made of the same metallic material or a different metallic material, such as a different titanium alloy.

When the first component 502 is the crown insert 108 , the first component surface 520 includes the inner surface 108A of the crown insert 108 . Accordingly, the first laser 506 generates the first part laser beam 508 and directs the first part laser beam 508 to at least partially on the inner surface 108A of the crown insert 108 within the designated first part bonding area 548 and The inner surface 108A of the crown insert 108 is struck along the designated first part bonding area 548 to form the crown insert ablation surface 108B. The first component ablation surface 522 at least partially includes the crown insert ablation surface 108B. Thus, only a portion of the entire inner surface of the crown insert 108 (eg, the peripheral portion) is laser ablated, while the remainder of the inner surface of the crown insert 108 is not ablated. In some examples, the bond area on the inner surface 108A of the crown insert 108 will be in the range of 2,000 mm ² to 2,500 mm ² , such as at least 2,248 mm ² . Furthermore, in certain examples, the total surface area of the inner surface 108A of the crown insert 108 is between 7,000 mm ² and 12,000 mm ² or between 9,000 mm ² and 11,000 mm ² (eg, a minimum surface area of 7,000 mm ² between 9,000 mm ² ), such as between 9,379 mm ² and 10,366 mm ² (eg, about 9,873 mm ² ). In some examples, the percentage of the total surface area of the inner surface 108A occupied by the bonding area on the inner surface 108A of the crown insert 108 is no greater than 25%, 30%, 35%, or 40% and no less than 10%, 15% , 20% or 25%. According to some examples, the percentage of the total surface area of the inner surface 108A occupied by the bond area on the inner surface 108A of the crown insert 108 is between 20% and 25%, such as 22%, between 20% and 27% or between 22% and 25%.

In some examples, the bond area on the inner surface 110A of the bottom insert 110 will be in the range of 1,800 mm ² to 2,200 mm ² , such as at least 2,076 mm ² . Furthermore, in certain examples, the total surface area of the inner surface 110A of the bottom insert 110 is between 7,000 mm ² and 12,000 mm ² or between 9,000 mm ² and 11,000 mm ² (eg, the minimum surface area is between 7,000 mm ² and 11,000 mm 2 ). 9,000 mm ² ), such as between 8,182 mm ² and 9,043 mm ² (eg, about 8,613 mm ² ). In some examples, the percentage of the total surface area of the inner surface 110A occupied by the bonding area on the inner surface 110A of the bottom insert 110 is no greater than 25%, 30%, 35%, or 40% and no less than 10%, 15%, 20% or 25%. According to certain examples, the percentage of the total surface area of the inner surface 110A occupied by the bonding area on the inner surface 110A of the bottom insert 110 is between 20% and 27%, between 22% and 25%, or between 21% to 26%, such as 24%.

In some examples, the bond area on the inner surface of the blade 143 will be in the range of 1,770 mm ² to 2,170 mm ² , eg, at least 1,976 mm ² . Furthermore, in certain examples, the total surface area of the inner surface of the blade 143 is less than 7,000 mm ² , such as between 1,500 mm ² and 7,000 mm ² , between 3,200 mm 2 and 4,700 mm ² , or between 3,572 mm ² Between ² and 3,949 mm ² (eg, about 3,761 mm ² ). In some examples, the percentage of the total surface area of the inner surface of the blade 143 occupied by the bonding area on the inner surface of the blade 143 is no more than 55%, 60%, 65%, or 70% and no less than 30% , 35%, 40% or 45%. According to some examples, the percentage of the total surface area of the inner surface of the blade 143 occupied by the bonding area on the inner surface of the blade 143 is between 47% and 58%, such as 52%.

In some examples, first part surface 520 also includes a peripheral edge surface of crown insert 108 and first laser 506 generates first part laser beam 508 and directs first part laser beam 508 to impinge on crown insert 108 The (eg, integral) peripheral edge surface, thereby forming the crown insert edge ablation surface 108C. Accordingly, the first component ablation surface 522 may further include the crown insert edge ablation surface 108C and the designated first component bonding area 548 may further include the peripheral edge surface of the crown insert 108 . In some examples, the coronal insert ablation surface 108B and the coronal insert edge ablation surface 108C may have the same ablation pattern. In some examples, the crown insert is adjusted when the outer peripheral edge surface of the crown insert 108 is laser ablated due to the angle of the peripheral edge surface relative to the inner surface 108A, compared to when the inner surface 108A is laser ablated. 108 is relative to the orientation of the first component laser 506 .

When the first part 502 is the crown insert 108 , the second part surface 524 includes the top plate opening recessed flange 168 . Thus, the second laser 510 generates the second component laser beam 512 and directs the second component laser beam 512 at least partially over the top plate opening recessed flange 168 within the specified second component bonding area and along the specified second component bonding area. The two-part bonding area hits the top plate opening recessed flange 168 to form the top flange ablation surface 141A. The second component ablation surface 526 at least partially includes the top flange ablation surface 141A. In some examples, the second part surface 520 also includes a top recessed flange sidewall that circumferentially surrounds and defines the depth of the top plate opening recessed flange 168 and the second laser 510 generates and directs the second part laser beam 512 The second component laser beam 512 strikes (eg, the entirety of) the top recess The flange sidewalls are recessed, thereby forming top sidewall ablation surfaces 141B. Accordingly, the second component ablation surface 526 may further include the top sidewall ablation surface 141B, and the designated second component bonding area may further include the top recessed flange sidewall. In some examples, top flange ablation surface 141A and top sidewall ablation surface 141B may have the same ablation pattern. In some examples, when laser ablating the top recess flange sidewalls, due to the angle of the top recess flange sidewalls relative to the top panel opening recess flange 168, adjustment Orientation of body 102 relative to second component laser 506 .

In view of the foregoing, according to some examples, the second component ablation surface 526 is defined by the ablation surfaces of two subcomponents (eg, the casting cup 104 and the ring 106 ) made of different materials. Thus, when the second component ablation surface 526 is laser ablated, the different materials that define the second component ablation surface 526 can be laser ablated in a single sequential step.

When the first component 502 is the bottom insert 110 , the first component surface 520 includes the inner surface 110A of the bottom insert 110 . Accordingly, the first laser 506 generates the first part laser beam 508 and directs the first part laser beam 508 to be within the designated first part bonding area 548 at least partially on the inner surface 110A of the crown insert 110 . The inner surface 110A of the bottom insert 110 is struck along the designated first part bonding area 548 to form the bottom insert ablation surface 110B. The first component ablation surface 522 includes, at least in part, the bottom insert ablation surface 110B. Therefore, only a portion of the entire inner surface of the bottom insert 110 (eg, the peripheral portion) is laser ablated, while the rest of the inner surface of the bottom insert 110 is not ablated. In some examples, first part surface 520 also includes a peripheral edge surface of bottom insert 110 and first laser 506 generates first part laser beam 508 and directs first part laser beam 508 to impinge ( For example, an integral) peripheral edge surface, thereby forming the bottom insert edge ablation surface 110C. Accordingly, the first component ablation surface 522 may further include the bottom insert edge ablation surface 110C and the designated first component bonding area 548 may further include the peripheral edge surface of the bottom insert 110 . in some instances , the bottom interposer ablation surface 110B and the bottom interposer edge ablation surface 110C may have the same ablation pattern. In some instances, when the outer peripheral edge surface of the bottom insert 110 is laser ablated, the bottom insert 110 relative in the orientation of the first component laser 506 .

Furthermore, when the first component 502 is the bottom insert 110 , the second component surface 524 includes a bottom open recessed flange 170 . Accordingly, the second laser 510 generates the second component laser beam 512 and directs the second component laser beam 512 at least partially over the bottom opening recessed flange 170 within the specified second component bonding area and along the specified second component bonding area. The two-part bonding area strikes the bottom open recessed flange 170 to form the bottom flange ablation surface 142A. The second component ablation surface 526 at least partially includes the bottom flange ablation surface 142A. In some examples, the second part surface 524 also includes bottom recessed flange sidewalls that circumferentially surround and define the depth of the bottom open recessed flange 170 and the second laser 510 generates and directs the second part laser beam 512 The second component laser beam 512 strikes (eg, the entirety of) the bottom recessed flange sidewall, thereby forming the bottom sidewall ablation surface 142B. Accordingly, the second component ablation surface 526 may further include the bottom sidewall ablation surface 142B, and the designated second component bonding area may further include the bottom recessed flange sidewall. In some examples, bottom flange ablation surface 142A and bottom sidewall ablation surface 142B may have the same ablation pattern. In some instances, when laser ablating the bottom recessed flange sidewalls, due to the angle of the bottom recessed flange sidewalls relative to the bottom opening recessed flange 170, adjustment Orientation of body 102 relative to second component laser 510 .

As noted above, in some examples, the orientation of the component being laser-ablated can be adjusted relative to the laser ablating the component. In one example, as shown by the dashed directional arrows in Figure 39, the component remains stationary and the orientation of the laser, or the directionality of the laser beam, changes relative to the component. The orientation of the laser can be changed by moving the laser, such as via a CNC robot, or by adjusting the laser The directivity of the resulting laser beam, such as by using electronically controllable optics.

According to another example, as indicated by the solid directional arrows, in Figure 39, the laser is held stationary (or the directivity of the laser beam remains unchanged) and the orientation of the component is adjusted or the component is moved relative to the laser beam. The orientation of the component can be adjusted by securing the component to an adjustable platform that can translate or rotate to translate or rotate the component relative to the laser beam.

While in some instances the methods disclosed herein may be performed manually, in other instances the methods are performed automatically. As used herein, automated means operated at least in part by automated equipment, such as computer numerical control (CNC) machines. In some instances, the process of controlling the laser, including the directionality and/or characteristics of the laser beam, and/or the orientation/position of control components relative to the laser beam, is automated. For example, an electronic controller can control the laser and part adjustment elements (eg, motors, cylinders, gears, rails, etc.) to maintain and adjust the orientation/position of the part.

Because golf club head 100 has crown insert 108 and sole insert 110 attached to body 102 , in some instances method 550 may be performed to manufacture having more than one first part coupled to second part 504 502 golf club head. In other words, in at least one example, golf club head 100 includes at least two first components 502 coupled to second components 504 . Additionally, because the golf club head 100 also includes the blade 148 attached to the body 102 , in some instances, the method 550 may be performed to manufacture the first part 502 having at least three first parts 502 coupled to the second part 504 . golf club head.

As mentioned above, the body 102 of the golf club head 100 includes multiple pieces that are attached together to form a multi-piece construction. For example, referring to FIGS. 14 and 15 , the body 102 of the golf club head 100 includes a cast cup 104 and a ring 106 . Thus, in some instances, method 550 may be performed to manufacture the body of a golf club head including first component 502 and second component 504 . In some instances, the first part 502 is the ring 106 and the second part 504 is the casting cup 104 . As mentioned above, the ring 106 and casting cup 104 may be made of different materials. For example, ring 106 may be made of a metallic or plastic material having a relatively lower density than the material of cast cup 104, which may be made of cast titanium material.

When the first part 502 is the ring 106 and the second part 504 is the cast cup 104, the first part surface 520 includes a toe-cup engagement surface 152A and a heel-cup engagement surface 152B. Accordingly, the first laser 506 generates the first part laser beam 508 and directs the first part laser beam 508 to at least partially bond on the designated first part on the toe-cup engagement surface 152A and heel-cup engagement surface 152B The toe-cup engagement surfaces 152A and heel-cup engagement surfaces 152B are impacted within the area and along the designated first component bonding area to form toe-cup engagement ablation surfaces 148C and heel-cup engagement surfaces 148D, respectively. The first component ablation surface 522 at least partially includes a toe-cup engagement ablation surface 148C and a heel-cup engagement surface 148D. In some examples, toe-cup engagement ablation surface 148C and heel-cup engagement surface 148D may have the same ablation pattern.

Accordingly, when the first component 502 is the ring 106 and the second component 504 is the cast cup 104, the second component surface 524 includes a toe-ring engaging surface 150A and a heel-ring engaging surface 150B. Thus, the second laser 510 generates the second component laser beam 512 and directs the second component laser beam 512 at least partially on the toe-ring engaging surfaces 150A and heel-ring engaging surfaces 150B over the designated second component bonding areas The toe-ring engaging surface 150A and the heel-ring engaging surface 150B are impacted within and along the designated second component bonding area to form the toe-ring engaging ablation surface 148A and the heel-ring engaging surface 148B, respectively. The first component ablation surface 522 includes, at least in part, a toe-ring engagement ablation surface 148A and a heel-ring engagement surface 148B. In some examples, toe-ring engaging ablation surface 148A and heel-ring engaging surface 148B may have the same ablation pattern.

After the ring 106 is bonded to the casting cup 104 , the ring 106 and the casting cup 104 may together define a second part 504 to which the first part 502 is bonded according to method 550 . In other words, the second component 504 may have a multi-piece construction. In fact, referring to Figure 18, the casting cup may have a multi-piece construction, such that one piece of the casting cup is the first part 502 and the other piece of the casting cup is the second part 504 such that the multiple pieces of the casting cup (eg, made of the same or different materials) after the manner of the method 550 have Ablative surfaces bonded together.

As used herein, dashed leader lines are used to indicate features in previous states. For example, a surface referenced by a dashed leader line represents the surface before being modified to a surface referenced by a solid leader line. This method helps to understand the correlation between the surface before and after ablation.

In some examples, the step of laser ablating the first part surface 520 or the step of laser ablating the second part surface 524 is performed to remove the alpha shell from the respective one of the first part 502 or the second part 504 . In such an example, the respective one of the first part 502 or the second part 504 is made of a titanium alloy that is prone to the first part surface 520 or the second part surface 520 or the second part, respectively, during manufacture (eg, casting) of the respective part An alpha shell layer is formed on the component surface 524 (see, eg, US Pat. No. 10,780,327, issued September 22, 2020, which is incorporated herein by reference). The respective one of the first part surface 520 or the second part surface 524 is ablated to a depth sufficient to remove the alpha shell from the corresponding part. Using the laser ablation methods disclosed herein, alpha shells can be removed in a more precise, efficient and less wasteful manner than conventional methods such as chemical etching, computer numerical control (CNC) machines, or abrasive techniques.

Referring to Figures 43 and 44, in an alternative example, only one of the two surfaces forming the bond line 528 is laser ablated. According to one example, the method 560 of making a golf club head of the present disclosure, such as the golf club head 100 , includes (block 562 ) laser ablating the second part surface 524 of the second part 504 of the golf club head 100 such that A second part ablated surface 526 is formed in the second part 504 . The method 560 additionally includes (block 564 ) joining together the first part surface 520 of the first part 502 and the second part ablation surface 526 of the second part 504 of the golf club head 100 . In other words, instead of bonding the second part ablation surface 526 to the first part ablation surface of the first part 502 , the second part ablation surface 526 of the second part 504 is bonded to the non-ablative surface of the first part 502 . Ablation table face (ie, first component surface 520).

In some instances, the second component 504 of the method 560 is made of a titanium alloy, such as a cast alloy, and the first component 502 of the method 560 is made of a fiber reinforced polymeric material. For example, the first part 502 may be the bat 143 , the second part 504 may be the body 102 , and the second part ablation surface 526 may define the plate opening recessed flange 147 of the body 102 . However, unlike the blade 143 shown in FIG. 38, the inner surface 166 of the blade 143 used in method 560 is not laser ablated. In contrast, the inner surface 166 of the blade 143 is left untreated or treated using a different type of surface treatment such as media blasting or chemical etching. According to another example, the first part 502 can be one of the crown insert 108 or the bottom insert 110, the second part 504 can be the body 102, and the second part ablation surface 526 can define a top plate opening recessed flange or one of the bottom opening recessed flanges.

According to some examples, method 560 is used to manufacture a golf club head similar to golf club head 100, except that blade 143, crown insert 108 and/or sole insert 110 do not have laser ablated surfaces. Instead, in some examples, the body 102 , which can only be made from cast titanium alloys, includes a laser ablated surface. According to one example, body 102 includes top flange ablation surface 141A, bottom flange ablation surface 141B, and front flange ablation surface 179A, but crown insert 108 does not include crown insert ablation surface 108B, bottom insert Piece 110 does not include bottom insert ablation surface 110B, and blade 143 does not include blade interior ablation surface 179C.

Each bond joint of golf club head 100 is defined by two bond surfaces (eg, overlapping surfaces). Since a binding linker has two equal and opposite binding surfaces, the surface area of each binding link (ie, the binding area of each binding link) is defined as the surface area of one of the two binding surfaces. In other words, as defined herein, the binding area of each binding link does not include the surface area of the two binding surfaces of the binding link. Thus, as used herein, the knot defined between the two surfaces of the golf club heads disclosed herein The bonding area of a joint is the surface area of the portion of either (but only one) of the two surfaces of the joint that is covered by or in direct contact with the adhesive between the two surfaces. In view of this definition, the bond area is equal to the surface area of one of the two surfaces of the adhesive (eg, adhesive 530 ) that defines the bond joint.

In some examples, at least one of the two bonding surfaces of at least one bonding joint of golf club head 100 is a laser ablated surface. Thus, the bond area of the bond joint defined by the laser ablation surface may be the surface area of the laser ablation surface. Thus, unless otherwise stated, the surface area of the ablated surface is equal to the bond area of the bond joint defined by the laser ablated surface. Furthermore, the bond area of the bond joint defined by the unablated surface (eg, the first component surface 520 of FIG. 44 ) and the ablated surface is the portion of the unablated surface or the portion of the unablated surface that is bonded to the ablated surface. The adhesive 530 covers or directly contacts the surface area of the portion. Thus, the total surface area of the unablated surface may be greater than the surface area of the portion of the unablated surface that is combined with the ablated surface of the bonded joint.

As defined herein, the surface area of a laser ablated surface is the area of the portion of the surface that is covered by the pattern of peaks and valleys formed by the laser beam. Thus, the surface area of the laser ablated surface can be calculated as the length times the width of the surface portion comprising the peak and valley pattern, or by the combined surface area of the peaks and valleys of the peak and valley pattern. Furthermore, because in some instances the binding surface of the binding linker is contoured, in order to provide a more convenient method of calculating the area of the binding surface, as defined herein, the surface area of a surface is the surface area of the protrusions, which are the protrusions of the surface. to the surface area on a hypothetical plane substantially facing the surface.

Generally, the overall bond area of the golf club head 100 is higher than that of conventional golf club heads. Additionally, a high percentage, such as 50%-100%, of the total bond area of the golf club head 100 is defined by the laser ablated surface. According to one example, the second component ablation surface 526 of the golf club head 100 has a surface area of between 800 mm ² and 2,880 mm ² . In this or other examples, the second component ablation surface 526 of the golf club head 100 has a surface area of at least 1,560 mm ² , at least 1,770 mm ² , at least 2,062 mm ² or at least 2,600 mm ² . As previously discussed, the first part surface 520 or the first part ablation surface 522 of the golf club head 100 may have corresponding surface areas because they will define the side of the bond joint opposite the second part ablation surface 526 . Reference is made to Table 5 below, which shows the area of some features and the bonding area (in mm ⁾ of the bonding surface of the bonding joint for several examples of golf club heads disclosed herein, which may be the same as the examples of Table 4 or different.

In some examples, forward bottom opening recessed flange 170A (eg, the cup bottom flange ablation surface area of Table 5) defines a bonding area of about 1,054 mm, and forward crown opening recessed flange 168A (eg, Table 5) defines a bonding area of about 1,054 ^mm2 . Cup top flange ablation surface area of Table 5) defines a bonding area of about 1,910 ^mm2 , toe-ring engagement surface 150A and heel-ring engagement surface 150B (eg, ring engagement ablation surface area of Table 5) or toe-cup engagement Surface 152A and heel-cup engagement surface 152B (eg, cup engagement ablation surface area of Table 5) are approximately 98 ^mm2 , plate opening recessed flange 147 and sidewall 146 (eg, front flange ablation surface area and front sidewall ablation surface area) ) defines a bonding area of about 2,240 mm ² , for a total bonding area defined by casting cup 104 of 5,300 mm ² . According to the same or an alternative example, rearward crown opening recessed flange 168B (eg, ring top flange ablation surface area of Table ⁵ ) defines a bonding area of about 928 mm, rearward opening bottom recessed flange 170B (eg, Table 5 The ring bottom flange ablated surface area) defines a bond area of approximately 1,222 mm ² and the total bond area defined by the ring 106 is 2,250 mm ² .

In view of the foregoing, in some examples, golf club head 100 includes a single element or piece (eg, ring 106 ) coupled to three other elements or pieces of golf club head 100 , wherein the four of golf club head 100 The total bonding area between elements or pieces is between 1,950mm ² and 2,500mm ² , or more preferably between 2,100mm ² and 2,400mm ² . According to some examples, golf club head 100 includes a single element or piece (eg, cast cup 104 ) coupled to three other elements or pieces of golf club head 100 , wherein the four elements or pieces of golf club head 100 The total bonding area between is between 2,250mm ² and 3,400mm ² , or more preferably between 2,900mm ² and 3,200mm ² . According to yet other examples, golf club head 100 includes a single element or piece (eg, cast cup 104 ) coupled to four other elements or pieces of golf club head 100 , wherein the five elements of golf club head 100 or The total bonding area between the pieces is between 4,750mm ² and 6,200mm ² , or more preferably between 4,900mm ² and 5,500mm ² . In some instances, the golf club head includes a single element or piece (eg, upper cup 304A) coupled to five other elements or pieces of golf club head 100 , wherein the six of golf club head 100 The total bonding area between elements or pieces is between 5,500mm ² and 7,000mm ² , or more preferably between 5,700mm ² and 6,300mm ² .

Relative to the volume of the golf club head, the golf club head of the present disclosure has a high bond area between pieces of golf club head. In other words, for a given size golf club head, the amount of bond area is significantly higher than conventional golf club heads. According to some examples, golf club heads disclosed herein, such as golf club head 100, have a volume between 450cc and 600cc, and more preferably between 450cc and 470cc. Furthermore, in certain examples, the bonded volume ratio, or the ratio of the combined bond area to the volume of the golf club head, of the plurality of bond joints of the golf club head is at least 3.75 mm ² /cc and at most 15.5 mm ² /cc (eg, , at least 9.1 mm ² /cc and at most 14.0 mm ² /cc). In some examples, at least some examples of golf club heads disclosed herein have a bonded volume ratio of at least 7.9 mm ² /cc and at most 13.7 mm ² /cc (eg, at least 8.1 mm ² /cc and at most 12.2 mm ² /cc ). In yet other examples, at least some examples of golf club heads disclosed herein have a bonded volume ratio of at least 3.75 mm ² /cc and at most 7.5 mm ² /cc (eg, at least 4.8 mm ² /cc and at most 7.1 mm ² /cc) cc).

According to some alternative examples, the ratio of the bonded volume or combined bond area of the plurality of bond joints of the golf club head to the volume of the golf club head is at least 10 mm ² /cc and at most 18.8 mm ² /cc (eg, at least 10 mm ² /cc and at most 15.5 mm ² /cc or at least 11.6 mm ² /cc and at most 17.7 mm ² /cc). In some examples, at least some examples of golf club heads disclosed herein have a bonded volume ratio of at least 10.5 mm ² /cc and at most 15.3 mm ² /cc, at least 11.6 mm ² /cc and at most 18.8 mm ² /cc, or At least 12.1 mm ² /cc and at most 17.5 mm ² /cc.

The golf club heads disclosed herein are made from multiple pieces that are bonded together. Thus, in some examples, the golf club heads disclosed herein include multiple pieces coupled together via an adhesive such that no parts or pieces of the golf club head are welded together.

The binding area of the binding link is defined by the width (W _BA ) and length (L _BA ) of the binding link (see eg, Figure 15). The width W _BA can vary along the length L _BA of the binding link. Typically, the length L _BA of the binding area of the binding link is greater than the width W _BA of the binding area of the binding link. The binding link may be continuous such that the length L _BA of the binding area of the binding link is continuous. However, in some instances, the binding linker is discontinuous or discontinuous, such that the length _LBA of the junction region of the binding linker is the sum of the lengths of the spaces of the binding linker. Although only the width W _BA and length L _BA of the bond area of the two bond joints are shown in FIG. 15 (eg, the bond associated with the forward crown opening recessed flange 168A and the rearward crown opening recessed flange 168B area), but it should be recognized that, although not specifically noted, the bond area of each bond joint of golf club head 100 has a corresponding width W _BA and length L _BA similar to those shown in FIG. 15 , for ease of illustration Other features of the golf club head 100 are not labeled and labeled. Furthermore, with respect to length L _BA , as defined herein, the length L _BA of the binding area of the binding linker is the maximum length of the binding area. Thus, where the bonding area can be considered to have two distinct lengths, such as a maximum length (eg, along the outer perimeter of the bonding area, as shown in Figure 15) and a minimum length (eg, along the inner perimeter of the bonding area), bonding The length _LBA of the area is defined herein as the maximum or maximum length of the combined area.

According to some examples, the bond area of at least one bond joint of golf club head 100 has a continuous length L _BA of between 174 mm and 405 mm, such as at least 250 mm. For example, the combined combined area defined by the forward crown opening recessed flange 168A and the rearward crown opening recessed flange _168B has a continuous length LBA of at least 268 mm, at least 300 mm, at least 316 mm, at least 353 mm, or at least 370 mm. As another example, the combined combined area defined by the forward bottom opening recessed flange 170A and the rearward bottom opening recessed flange 170B has a continuous length L _BA of at least 281 mm, at least 314 mm, at least 331 mm, at least 350 mm, or at least 367 mm. According to yet another example, the bonding area defined by the plate opening recessed flange 147 has a continuous length L _BA of at least 174 mm, at least 194 mm, at least 205 mm, at least 250 mm, or at least 262 mm. According to some examples, the combined length of the plurality of bonding joints is at least 723 mm and at most 1,094 mm, such as between 852 mm and 953 mm.

In some examples, the length-to-area ratio of the bond defined by the forward crown opening recessed flange 168A and the rearward crown opening recessed flange 168B is equal to the ratio of the length L _BA to the bond area of the bond joint, which is at 0.13 between 0.16, such as about 0.15. In yet other examples, the combined length-to-area ratio defined by the forward bottom opening recessed flange 170A and the rearward bottom opening recessed flange 168B is between 0.13 and 0.16, such as about 0.15.

In yet other examples, the combined length-to-area ratio defined by the forward bottom opening recessed flange 170A and the rearward bottom opening recessed flange 168B is between 0.13 and 0.16, such as about 0.15.

In yet other examples, the length-to-area ratio of the bond defined by the plate opening recessed flange 147 is between 0.10 and 0.13, such as about 0.11.

Although not specifically shown, the golf club head 100 of the present disclosure may include other features to enhance the performance characteristics of the golf club head 100 .例如，在一些實施方式中，高爾夫球桿頭100包括類似於美國專利號6,773,360；7,166,040；7,452,285；7,628,707；7,186,190；7,591,738；7,963,861；7,621,823；7,448,963；7,568,985；7,578,753；7,717,804；7,717,805；7,530,904；7,540,811；7,407,447 7,632,194; 7,846,041; 7,419,441; 7,713,142; 7,744,484; 7,223,180; 7,410,425;

In certain embodiments, for example, the golf club head 100 includes a reference to US Patent Nos. 7,775,905 and 8,444,505; US Patent Application No. 13/898,313, filed May 20, 2013; Patent Application No. 14/047,880; US Patent Application No. 61/702,667, filed September 18, 2012; US Patent Application No. 13/841,325, filed March 15, 2013; US Patent Application No. 13/946,918; US Patent Application No. 14/789,838, filed Jul. 1, 2015; US Patent Application No. 14/789,838, filed Jul. 3, 2014 62/020,972; Patent Application No. 62/065,552, filed Oct. 17, 2014; and Sliding Counterweight features similar to those described in greater detail in Patent Application No. 62/141,160, filed March 31, 2015, The entire contents of each of the above patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

According to some embodiments, the golf club head 100 includes similar aerodynamic shape features to those described in more detail in US Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0123040A1, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

In certain embodiments, the golf club head 100 includes removable shaft features similar to those described in more detail in US Patent No. 8,303,431, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

According to yet other embodiments, the golf club head 100 includes a structure similar to US Patent No. 8,025,587; US Patent No. 8,235,831; US Patent No. 8,337,319; US Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0312437A1; Adjustable crown/sole features of those features described in greater detail in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0071264A1; and U.S. Patent Application No. 13/686,677, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety .

Additionally, in some embodiments, the golf club head 100 includes a structure similar to that described in more detail in US Patent No. 8,337,319; US Patent Application Publication Nos. 2011/0152000A1; 2011/0312437; 2012/0122601A1; and US Patent Application No. 13/686,677 Adjustable bottom features of those features, the entire contents of each of the above patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

In some embodiments, the golf club head 100 includes a structure similar to US Patent Application Serial Nos. 11/998,435; 11/642,310; 11/825,138; 11/823,638; 12/004,386; ; and composite facial part features of those features described in greater detail in US Patent No. 7,267,620, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

According to one embodiment, a method of manufacturing a golf club head such as The method of golf club head 100) includes one or more of the following steps: (1) forming a body having a sole opening, forming a composite laminated sole insert, injection molding thermoplastic composite club head elements on the sole insert to form the sole an insert unit and joining the sole insert unit to the body; (2) forming a body with a crown opening, forming a composite laminated crown insert, injection molding a thermoplastic composite club head element on the crown insert to form a crown insert unit and joining the crown insert unit to the body; (3) forming a weight track in the body capable of supporting one or more slidable weights; (4) forming a bottom insert from a thermoplastic composite material and/or crown inserts, the thermoplastic composite material having a matrix compatible with the bonding of the main body; (5) made of continuous fibers selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers, and any combination thereof and made of Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyamide, polypropylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurea, polyamide-amide (PAI), polyetheramide (PEI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and any of them A continuous fiber composite of a combined thermoplastic matrix forms the bottom insert and/or the crown insert; (6) forms both the bottom insert and the counterweight track from a thermoplastic composite with a compatible matrix; (7) consists of a thermoset material forming the bottom insert, coating the bottom insert with a heat-activated adhesive, and after the coating step forming the weight track from a thermoplastic material capable of being injection molded on the bottom insert; (8) made of a material selected from titanium, one or Materials of a plurality of titanium alloys, aluminum, one or more aluminum alloys, steel, one or more steel alloys, polymers, plastics, and any combination thereof form the body; (9) form a body having a crown opening, formed from a composite laminate a crown insert, and engaging the crown insert to the body such that the crown insert covers the crown opening; (10) from one or more ribs for reinforcing the golf club head, for adjusting the golf club One or more ribs of the acoustic properties of the head, one or more weight ports for receiving fixed weights in the sole portion of the golf club head, one or more weight tracks for receiving slidable weights Composite club head elements are selected from the group consisting of: (11) forming the sole insert and crown insert from a continuous carbon fiber composite material; (12) forming the sole insert by thermosetting using a material suitable for thermosetting and A crown insert and a heat activated adhesive applied to the bottom insert; and (13) a body having a crown opening, a bottom insert, and a counterweight track formed from titanium, a titanium alloy, or a combination thereof, the body consisting of an optional Self-contained polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyamide, polypropylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurea, polyamide-amide (PAI), polyetheramide (PEI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and a matrix of thermoplastic carbon fiber material in any combination thereof; and (14) forming a frame having a crown opening, forming a crown insert from a thermoplastic composite material, and joining the crown insert to the body such that the crown insert covers Crown opening.

Throughout this specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or similar language means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Throughout the specification, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," and similar language may, but are not necessarily, all referring to the same embodiment. Similarly, use of the term "implementation" means an implementation having a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with one or more embodiments of the disclosure of this subject matter, however, if no explicit association is indicated, implementation may be A manner is associated with one or more embodiments.

In the above description, certain terms may be used, such as "upper", "lower", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "vertical", "left", "right", "above", " below" etc. These terms are used where applicable to provide some clarity when dealing with relative relationships. However, these terms are not intended to imply an absolute relationship, position and/or orientation. For example, an "upper" surface can become a "lower" surface by simply flipping the object over, relative to the object. Still, it's the same object. Furthermore, the terms "including", "including", "having" and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to" unless expressly stated otherwise. The enumerated list of items does not imply that any or all items are mutually exclusive and/or mutually inclusive, unless expressly stated otherwise. The terms "a," "an," and "the" also mean "one or more" unless expressly stated otherwise. Also, the term "plurality" can be defined as "at least two". In some embodiments, The term "about" can be defined as within +/- 5% of a given value.

Also, instances in this specification where one element is "coupled" to another element can include both direct and indirect coupling. Direct coupling can be defined as one element being coupled to and making some kind of contact with another element. An indirect coupling may be defined as a coupling between two elements that are not in direct contact with each other but have one or more additional elements between the coupled components. Furthermore, as used herein, securing one element to another element can include both direct and indirect securing. Also, as used herein, "proximately" does not necessarily mean touching. For example, one element may be in close proximity to another element without contacting the element.

As used herein, the phrase "at least one" when used in connection with a list of items means that various combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and only one of the listed items may be required. The item can be a specific object, thing, or category. In other words, "at least one" means that an item or any combination of items from the list may be used, but not all items in the list may be required. For example, "at least one of Project A, Project B, and Project C" might mean Project A; Project A and Project B; Project B; Project A, Project B, and Project C; or Project B and Project C. In some cases, "at least one of item A, item B, and item C" may be, for example, but not limited to, two items of item A, one item of item B, and ten items of item C; four of item C and seven of item C; and other suitable combinations.

Unless stated otherwise, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein merely as labels and are not intended to impose order, position, or hierarchy requirements on the items to which these terms refer. Furthermore, references to items such as "second" do not require or preclude the presence of items such as "first" or lower numbered items and/or such as "third" or higher numbered items.

As used herein, a system, apparatus, structure, article, element, component or hardware "configured to" perform the specified function is indeed capable of performing the specified function without any change, and not merely with further modification to perform the specified function potential. In other words, in order to perform the specified purpose, Specifically selected, created, implemented, utilized, programmed and/or designed a system, device, structure, article, element, component or hardware that is "configured to" perform the specified function. As used herein, "configured to" means an existing characteristic of a system, device, structure, article, element, component, or hardware that enables the system, device, structure, article, element, component, or hardware to perform the specified function without further Revise. For the purposes of this disclosure, a system, apparatus, structure, article, element, component, or hardware described as being "configured to" perform a particular function may additionally or alternatively be described as being "adapted" and/or "operable" Use " to execute the function.

The subject matter may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes that come within the equivalent meaning and scope of the claimed scope of the patent application should be included in the scope thereof.

100: Golf Club Head

102: Subject

104: Foundry Cup

106: Ring

108: Crown Insert

110: Bottom Insert

112: Forward Section

112A: Toe side connector

114: heel side connector

116: Heel part

117: Bottom part

118: Backward part

119: Crown Section

120: hosel

121: skirt part

123: FCT system

145: hitting face

172: Through hole

177: Inertial Generation Features

Claims (20)

A driver-type golf club head, comprising: a forward portion, including the hitting face; a rearward portion opposite the forward portion; a crown portion; a bottom portion opposite the crown portion; a heel portion; and a toe portion opposite the heel portion; in: the driver golf club head has a volume between 390 cubic centimeters (cc) and 600 cc; The total mass of the driver-type golf club head is between 185 grams (g) and 210 g; The driver golf club head is comprised of at least one first material having a density between 0.9 g/cc and 3.5 g/cc, at least one second material having a density between 3.6 g/cc and 5.5 g/cc, and of at least one third material having a density between 5.6 g/cc and 20.0 g/cc; The first mass of the at least one first material is not greater than 55% of the total mass of the driver golf club head and is not less than 25% of the total mass of the driver golf club head; The second mass of the at least one second material is not greater than 65% of the total mass of the driver golf club head and is not less than 20% of the total mass of the driver golf club head; and The third mass of the at least one third material is equal to the total mass of the driver golf club head minus the first mass of the at least one first material and the second mass of the at least one second material. The driver golf club head of claim 1, wherein the third mass of the at least one third material is not less than the driver golf club 5% of the total mass of the driver golf club head and not more than 50% of the total mass of the driver golf club head. The driver golf club head of claim 1, wherein the third mass of the at least one third material is not less than 10% of the total mass of the driver golf club head and not greater than the hair 20% of the total mass of the club-style golf club head. The driver-style golf club head of claim 1, further comprising a body including a cast cup and a ring engaged with the cast cup via a joint, wherein: the cast cup defines the forward portion of the driver golf club head and is made of at least the at least one second material; The at least one second material includes at least a first metallic material having a density between 4.0 g/cc and 8.0 g/cc; and The ring defines the rearward portion of the driver golf club head and is made of a material having a density between 0.5 g/cc and 4.0 g/cc. The driver-style golf club head of claim 4, wherein: The first metal material of the casting cup includes at least one of a titanium alloy or a steel alloy; and The material of the ring includes at least one of an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy. The driver-style golf club head of claim 4, wherein: The first metal material of the casting cup includes at least one of a titanium alloy or a steel alloy; and The material of the ring includes non-metallic materials. The driver golf club head of claim 1, wherein: The at least one first material includes a fiber-reinforced polymeric material comprising continuous fibers; and The length of each of the continuous fibers is at least 50 mm. The driver golf club head of claim 7, wherein each of the continuous fibers of the fiber-reinforced polymeric material does not extend from the crown portion of the driver golf club head to the bottom part. The driver-style golf club head of claim 7, wherein each of the continuous fibers of the fiber-reinforced polymeric material does not extend from the crown portion to the forward portion. The driver golf club head of claim 1, wherein: the at least one first material includes a fiber-reinforced polymeric material; and The fiber reinforced polymeric material includes a thermoset polymer. The driver-style golf club head of claim 1, further comprising a body including a cast cup and a ring joined to the cast cup via a joint, wherein: the body includes a crown opening; The casting cup includes a forward crown opening recessed flange defining a forward section of the crown opening; and The ring includes a rearward crown opening recessed flange defining a rearward facing section of the crown opening. The driver golf club head of claim 11, wherein: the body includes a bottom opening; The casting cup includes a forward bottom opening recessed flange defining a forward section of the bottom opening; the ring includes a rearward bottom opening recessed flange defining a rearward facing section of the bottom opening; The driver-style golf club head further includes a crown insert and a sole insert; the crown insert defines the crown portion; the crown insert closes the crown opening; the crown insert is made of a material having a density between 0.5 g/cc and 4.0 g/cc; the bottom insert defines the bottom portion; the bottom insert closes the bottom opening; the bottom insert is made of a material having a density between 0.5 g/cc and 4.0 g/cc; The thickness of the bottom insert is greater than the thickness of the crown insert; the crown insert includes a crown insert outer surface defining an outwardly facing surface of the crown portion of the driver golf club head; the sole insert includes a sole insert outer surface defining an outwardly facing surface of the sole portion of the driver golf club head; The total surface area of the bottom insert outer surface is less than the total surface area of the crown insert outer surface; and The total mass of the crown insert is less than the total mass of the bottom insert. The driver golf club head of claim 12, wherein: the bottom insert includes a first number of stacked plies; The crown insert includes a second number of stacked plies; and The first number is greater than the second number. The driver-type golf club head according to claim 1, further comprising: a body including a casting cup and a ring joined to the casting cup via a joint; and the bat defining the hitting face; in: the casting cup defines the forward portion of the driver golf club head; the casting cup includes a plate opening; and The blade engages the casting cup and closes the plate opening of the casting cup. The driver-style golf club head of claim 14, wherein the blade is made of a fiber-reinforced polymeric material. The driver-type golf club head of claim 14, wherein the blade is made of a metallic material. The driver golf club head of claim 14, wherein: The casting cup further includes a plate opening recessed flange defining the plate opening; and The blade is engageable in place with the plate opening recessed flange of the casting cup. The driver-style golf club head of claim 17, wherein the blade is bonded to the plate opening recessed flange. The driver golf club head of claim 14, wherein: the cast cup defines a portion of the crown portion, the sole portion, the heel portion and the toe portion of the driver golf club head; and The blade abuts the crown portion of the driver golf club head and defines a topline of the driver golf club head. The driver golf club head of claim 19, wherein the blade is in visually visible contrast to the crown portion of the driver golf club head such that the driver golf ball This top line of the head is visually enhanced.

Images