TW202220558A - 殺真菌組合 - Google Patents
殺真菌組合 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202220558A TW202220558A TW110133645A TW110133645A TW202220558A TW 202220558 A TW202220558 A TW 202220558A TW 110133645 A TW110133645 A TW 110133645A TW 110133645 A TW110133645 A TW 110133645A TW 202220558 A TW202220558 A TW 202220558A
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- Prior art keywords
- fungicide
- fungicides
- gapdan
- composition
- combination
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom
- A01N47/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom containing >N—S—C≡(Hal)3 groups
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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Abstract
本發明提供殺真菌劑組合及組成物,以在較低劑量下使用治癒性及預防性活性物改善植物疾病防治之範圍。更具體而言,本發明提供一種殺真菌組合,其包含蓋普丹及第二殺真菌劑。本發明進一步提供防治及/或抑制植物病原真菌及維持作物健康之方法。
Description
本發明關於殺真菌劑之組合。更具體而言,本發明關於殺真菌組合,其包含用於防治廣譜真菌疾病的多作用點接觸性殺真菌劑(multisite contact fungicide)。
殺真菌劑係對抗植物疾病之重要工具。彼等不僅用於保護及防治植物真菌疾病,亦用於改善作物之產率及品質。多年來已開發的各種殺菌劑具有許多所欲屬性,諸如特異性、內吸性(systemicity)、治癒性及剷除性作用、及低使用率下之高活性。
蓋普丹(captan)係多作用點接觸性殺真菌劑內之酞醯亞胺殺真菌劑化合物。其以非內吸性方式運作,具有保護性及治癒性作用。已知其能防治廣譜疾病。
在所屬技術領域中已知琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑(succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, SDHI)殺真菌劑為廣譜且具有高效力。吡唑羧醯胺(pyrazolecarboxamide)係SDHI殺真菌劑家族內之一組活性化合物,已知彼等較大多數其他SDHI殺真菌劑強效。此等分子特異性結合至粒線體複合物Π之泛醌結合位點(Q位點),從而抑制真菌呼吸。已知此等殺真菌劑能防治廣譜真菌疾病。
在所屬技術領域中亦已知各種其他類型的殺真菌劑,諸如苯醌內部抑制劑(Qol)、麥角固醇生物合成抑制劑、作用在多個作用點之殺真菌劑、影響有絲分裂之殺真菌劑等。此等殺真菌劑已與多作用點殺真菌劑混合,以達到廣譜疾病防治。
所屬技術領域中對於幫助改善植物疾病防治範圍的組合有進一步需求。隨著作物耐受性降低、所施加之使用率減低、且越來越常觀察到抗性,因而需要允許更廣泛的疾病防治範圍的活性物之組合,其組合治癒性及預防性活性物並具有較低劑量。
因此,本發明之實施例可改善上述問題中之一或多者:
本發明之一或多個目的:
因此,本發明之實施例可提供殺真菌劑之組合,組合具備較單獨使用之個別殺真菌劑增強的功效。
本發明之另一目的在於提供一種殺真菌組合,其造成其所投予之作物的綠化增強。
本發明之又另一目的在於提供一種殺真菌組合,其導致其所施用之作物的真菌疾病發生率降低。
本發明之另一目的在於提供一種殺真菌組合,其達到其所施用之作物的產量增加。
本發明之一些或所有這些目的可藉由下文中所描述之發明來達到。
因此,本發明之一態樣提供一種殺真菌組合,其包含:
a) 蓋普丹;及
b) 至少一種第二農用化學活性殺真菌劑,其係選自SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及苯醌內部抑制劑(Quinone inside Inhibitor, QII)。
在另一態樣中,本發明提供殺真菌組成物,其包含:
a) 蓋普丹;及
b) 至少一種第二農用化學活性殺真菌劑,其係選自SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及苯醌內部抑制劑。
在又另一態樣中,本發明提供一種在場所防治真菌之方法,該方法包含向需要該真菌防治的場所施用殺真菌組合,該殺真菌組合包含:
a) 蓋普丹;及
b) 至少一種第二農用化學活性殺真菌劑,其係選自SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及苯醌內部抑制劑。
如本文中所使用,用語「疾病防治(disease control)」表示疾病之防治及預防。防治效果包括所有與天然發展之偏離,例如:真菌疾病之殺滅、阻礙、減少。用語「植物(plants)」係指植物之所有實體部分,包括種子、實生苗、幼木、根、塊莖、莖、柄、枝葉、及果實。
如本文中所使用,植物之用語「場所(locus)」意欲涵蓋植物生長的地方、播種植物之植物繁殖材料之處、或植物之植物繁殖材料將被置入土壤中之處。
用語「植物繁殖材料(plant propagation material)」係理解為表示植物之生殖部分,諸如種子、營養生殖材料(諸如扦插或塊莖、根、果實、塊莖、球莖、根莖、及植物、發芽植物、及幼齡植物(其係在發芽後移植或在自土壤萌發後移植)之部分)。這些幼齡植物可在移植前利用藉由浸泡之全部或部分處理來加以保護。
用語「活性物之農業上可接受量(agriculturally acceptable amount of active)」係指殺滅或抑制所欲防治之植物疾病的活性物之量,且該量對接受處理之植物沒有顯著毒性。
如本文中所使用,根據殺真菌劑抗藥性行動委員會(Fungicide Resistance Action Committee, FRAC),「EC50」係定義為當相較於未防範(nonamended)對照組時,抑制50%生長的殺真菌劑劑量。
已發現將SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑(諸如英派爾福沙姆(inpyrfluxam)或芬哌沙米(fenpicoxamid))分別添加或將其組合添加至蓋普丹中導致具有廣譜防治的協同作用。令人驚訝的是,將蓋普丹添加至SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑中導致功效增強,且真菌疾病發生率令人驚訝地降低,此係僅當將此等活性物組合時才能看到。如將在實例中證明的,本組合之協同效應遠優於先前技術之組合。
當組合中不存在蓋普丹或SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑中任一者時,或當蓋普丹被類似化合物置換時,未觀察到本發明之組合的此等令人驚訝的優點。因此,本發明之組合的此等預期之外的優點歸因於本發明化合物之兩種活性化合物或化合物類型之間的協同作用。
在一實施例中,本發明提供一種殺真菌劑組合,其包含
蓋普丹及殺真菌劑。
在一實施例中,殺真菌劑組合中之第二殺真菌劑係SDHI殺真菌劑(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及苯醌內部抑制劑(QII)殺真菌劑中之一或多者。
在一實施例中,第二殺真菌劑係SDHI殺真菌劑。
在一實施例中,第二殺真菌劑係苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑。
因此,在一實施例中,SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)係選自苯并烯氟菌唑(benzovindiflupyr)、百殺芬(bixafen)、氟茚唑菌胺(fluindapyr)、氟克殺(fluxapyroxad)、福拉比(furametpyr)、英派爾福沙姆(inpyrfluxam)、亞派占(isopyrazam)、平氟芬(penflufen)、平硫瑞(penthiopyrad)、氟唑環菌胺(sedaxane)、麥鏽靈(benodanil)、福多寧(flutolanil)、滅普寧(mepronil)、異丙噻菌胺(isofetamid)、氟派瑞(fluopyram)、甲呋醯胺(fenfuram)、萎鏽靈(carboxin)、嘉保信(oxycarboxin)、賽氟滅(thifluzamide)、異氟普蘭(isoflucypram)、派滅芬(pydiflumetofen)、白克列(boscalid)、及派拉氟胺(pyraziflumid)。
因此,在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 英派爾福沙姆。
在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 氟茚唑菌胺。
在另一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 氟克殺。
在又另一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 百殺芬。
在一個態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 苯并烯氟菌唑。
在一實施例中,苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑係選自賽座滅(cyazofamid)、安美速(amisulbrom)、及芬哌沙米(fenpicoxamid)中之一或多者。
因此,在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 芬哌沙米。
在另一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 賽座滅。
在一個態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 安美速。
本發明之組合可用於防治廣譜植物疾病,諸如:稻米疾病:稻熱病(blast)(稻熱病菌(
Magnaporthe grisea))、稻胡麻葉枯病(
Helminthosporiumleaf spot)(稻胡麻葉枯病菌(
Cochliobolus miyabeanus))、紋枯病(sheath blight)(立枯絲核菌(
Rhizoctonia solani))、及徒長病(bakanae disease)(藤倉赤霉(
Gibberella fujikuroi))。
小麥疾病:白粉病(powdery mildew)(白粉病菌(Erysiphe graminis))、赤黴病(Fusariuin head blight)(禾穀鐮孢菌(
Fusarium graminearum)、燕麥鐮孢菌(
F. avenacerum)、禾稈鐮孢菌(
F. culmorum)、雪腐病菌(
Microdochium nivale))、銹病(rust)(禾葉條銹菌(
Puccinia striiformis)、黑銹真菌(
P. graminis)、赤銹真菌(
P. recondita))、粉紅雪黴病(pink snow mold)(雪黴葉枯菌(
Micronectriella nivale))、核瑚菌屬雪腐病(Typhula snow blight)(核瑚菌屬(
Typhulasp.))、散黑穗病(loose smut)(小麥散黑穗菌(
Ustilago tritici))、腥黑穗病(bunt)(小麥矮腥黑粉菌(
Tilletia caries))、眼點病(eyespot)(小麥基腐病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides))、葉斑病(leaf blotch)(禾生球腔菌(
Mycosphaerella graminicola))、穎枯病(glume blotch)(穎殼針孢菌(Stagonospora nodorum))、殼針孢菌屬(septoria)、及黃斑病(yellow spot)(麥類德氏黴菌(
Pyrenophora tritici-repentis))。
大麥疾病:白粉病(白粉病菌)、赤黴病(禾穀鐮孢菌、燕麥鐮孢菌、禾稈鐮孢菌、雪腐病菌)、銹病(禾葉條銹菌、黑銹真菌、大麥柄銹菌(
P. hordei))、散黑穗病(麥散黑穗菌(
Ustilago nuda))、雲紋病(scald)(大麥雲紋病菌(Rhynchosporium secalis))、網紋病(net blotch)(大麥網紋病菌(
Pyrenophora teres))、斑枯病(spot blotch)(育旋孢腔菌(
Cochliobolus sativus))、葉紋病(leaf stripe)(大麥斑葉病菌(Pyrenophora graminea))、及絲核菌立枯病(Rhizoctonia damping-off)(立枯絲核菌(
Rhizoctonia solani))。
玉米疾病:黑穗病(smut)(玉蜀黍黑穗菌(
Ustilago maydis))、褐斑病(brown spot)(異螺旋孢腔菌(
Cochliobolus heterostrophus))、銅斑病(copper spot)(高粱膠尾孢菌(
Gloeocercospora sorghi))、南方銹病(southern rust)(多堆柄銹菌(Puccinia polysora))、灰葉斑病(gray leaf spot)(玉蜀黍尾孢菌(
Cercospora zeae-maydis))、白斑病(white spot)(玉米暗球腔菌(
Phaeosphaeria mydis)及/或菠蘿泛菌(
Pantoea ananatis))、及絲核菌立枯病(立枯絲核菌)。
柑橘疾病:黑點病(melanose)(柑橘黑點病菌(Diaporthe citri))、瘡痂病(scab)(柑橘痂囊腔菌(Elsinoe fawcetti))、青黴菌腐病(penicillium rot)(指狀青黴菌(Penicillium digitatum)、義大利青黴菌(P.italicum))、及褐腐病(brown rot)(柑橘裾腐病菌(Phytophthora parasitica)、柑橘褐腐疫黴(Phytophthora citrophthora))。
蘋果疾病:花枯病(blossom blight)(蘋果鏈核盤菌(
Monilinia mali))、潰瘍病(canker)(蘋果黑腐皮殼菌(Valsa ceratosperma))、白粉病(白叉絲單囊殼(Podosphaera leucotricha))、鏈隔孢菌葉斑病(Alternaria leaf spot)(蘋果病變型互生鏈隔孢菌(Alternaria alternata apple pathotype))、瘡痂病(蘋果黑星菌(
Venturia inaequalis))、白粉病、苦腐病(bitter rot)(急尖炭疽刺盤孢菌(Colletotrichum acutatum))、冠腐病(crown rot)(惡疫黴(
Phytophtora cactorum))、斑枯病(blotch)(蘋果雙殼菌(
Diplocarpon mali))、及環腐病(ring rot)(貝氏葡萄座腔菌(
Botryosphaeria berengeriana))。
梨疾病:瘡痂病(梨黑星菌(
Venturia nashicola)、梨黑星病菌(
V. pirina))、白粉病、黑斑病(black spot)(梨黑斑病菌(
Alternaria alternataJapanese pear pathotype))、銹病(梨膠銹菌(
Gymnosporangium haraeanum))、及疫病菌果腐病(phytophthora fruit rot)(惡疫黴)。
桃疾病:褐腐病(桃褐腐病菌(
Monilinia fructicola))、白粉病、瘡痂病(嗜果枝孢菌(
Cladosporium carpophilum))、及果腐病(phomopsis rot)(擬莖點黴屬(
Phomopsis sp.))。
葡萄疾病:炭疽病(anthracnose)(葡萄黑豆病菌(
Elsinoe ampelina))、晚腐病(ripe rot)(圍小叢殻菌(
Glomerella cingulata))、白粉病(葡萄白粉菌(
Uncinula necator))、銹病(葡萄層鏽菌(
Phakopsora ampelopsidis))、黑腐病(black rot)(葡萄黑腐菌(
Guignardia bidwellii))、灰黴病(botrytis)、及露菌病(downy mildew)(葡萄露菌病菌(
Plasmopara viticola))。
日本柿(Japanese persimmon)疾病:炭疽病(柿盤長孢黴(
Gloeosporium kaki))及葉斑病(柿尾孢菌(
Cercospora kaki)、柿樹園星落葉病菌(
Mycosphaerella nawae))。
葫蘆疾病:炭疽病(瓜類炭疽病菌(
Colletotrichum lagenarium))、白粉病(白粉病菌(
Sphaerotheca fuliginea))、蔓枯病(gummy stem blight)(蔓枯病菌(
Mycosphaerella melonis))、鐮菌枯萎病(Fusarium wilt)(錘形黴菌(
Fusarium oxysporum))、露菌病(瓜類露菌病菌(
Pseudoperonospora cubensis))、腐疫病(Phytophthora rot)(疫黴屬(
Phytophthora sp.))、及立枯病(腐黴屬(
Pythium sp.))。
番茄疾病:早疫病(early blight)(早疫交鏈孢菌(
Alternaria solani))、葉黴病(leaf mold)(蕃茄葉黴黃枝孢菌(
Cladosporium fulvum))、及晚疫病(late blight)(致病疫黴菌(
Phytophthora infestans))。
茄子疾病:褐斑病(茄褐紋病菌(
Phomopsis vexans))、及白粉病(二孢白粉菌(
Erysiphe cichoracearum))。十字花科蔬菜疾病:隔孢菌葉斑病(Alternaria leaf spot)(黑斑病菌(Alternaria japonica))、白斑病(white spot)(白菜類白斑病菌(
Cercosporella brassicae))、根瘤病(clubroot)(十字花科根瘤病菌(
Plasmodiophora brassicae)、及露菌病(油菜露菌病菌(
Peronospora parasitica))。
洋葱疾病:銹病(葱柄銹菌(Puccinia allii))、及露菌病(洋蔥霜黴(Peronospora destructor))。
大豆疾病:紫斑病(purple seed stain)(大豆紫斑病菌(
Cercospora kikuchii))、疫痂病(sphaceloma scad)(大豆黑痘病菌(
Elsinoe glycines))、莢與莖枯病(pod and stem blight)(大豆黑點病菌(
Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae))、殼針孢褐斑病(septoria brown spot)(大豆褐斑病(Septoria glycines))、斑點病(frogeye leaf spot)(大豆斑點病菌(
Cercospora sojina))、銹病(豆薯層鏽菌(Phakopsora pachyrhizi))、黃銹病(yellow rust)、褐莖腐病(brown stem rot)(大豆疫病菌(
Phytophthora sojae))、及絲核菌立枯病(立枯絲核菌)。
菜豆疾病:炭疽病(菜豆炭疽刺盤孢菌(
Colletotrichum lindemthianum))。花生疾病:葉斑病(落花生黑澁病菌(
Cercospora personata))、褐葉斑病(落花生褐斑病菌(
Cercospora arachidicola)、及南方型枯萎病(southern blight)(白絹菌(Sclerotium rolfsii))。
豌豆疾病:白粉病(豌豆白粉菌(Erysiphe pisi))、及根腐病(root rot)(香碗豆萎凋病菌(Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi))。
馬鈴薯疾病:早疫病(早疫交鏈孢菌)、晚疫病(致病疫黴菌)、粉腐病(pink rot)(洋芋紅腐病菌(
Phytophthora erythroseptica))、及粉痂病(powdery scab)(馬鈴薯粉痂菌(
Spongospora subterranean f. sp. subterranea))。
草莓疾病:白粉病(草莓白粉病菌(
Sphaerotheca humuli))、及炭疽病(圍小叢殻菌)。
茶葉疾病:網餅病(net blister blight)(網狀外擔菌(
Exobasidium reticulatum))、白痂病(white scab)(茶瘡痂病菌(
Elsinoe leucospila))、灰疫病(gray blight)(擬盤多毛孢黴屬(
Pestalotiopsissp.)、及炭疽病(茶炭疽菌(
Colletotrichum theae- sinensis))。
煙草疾病:褐斑病(菸草赤星病菌(
Alternaria longipes))、白粉病(二孢白粉菌)、炭疽病(菸草刺盤孢(
Colletotrichum tabacum))、露菌病(菸草露菌病菌(
Peronospora tabacina))、及黑梗病(black shank)(菸草疫病菌(
Phytophthora nicotianae))。
油菜子疾病:菌核病(sclerotinia rot)(核盤菌(
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum))、及絲核菌立枯病(立枯絲核菌)。棉花疾病:絲核菌立枯病(立枯絲核菌)。
糖用甜菜疾病:尾孢菌葉斑病(Cercospora leaf spot)(甜菜生尾孢菌(
Cercospora beticola))、葉枯病(稻紋枯病菌(
Thanatephorus cucumeris))、根腐病(稻紋枯病菌(
Thanatephorus cucumeris))、及絲囊黴根腐病(Aphanomyces root rot)(螺殼狀絲囊黴(
Aphanomyces cochlioides))。
玫瑰疾病:黑斑病(薔薇雙盤菌(
Diplocarpon rosae))、白粉病(薔薇類白粉病菌(
Sphaerotheca pannosa))、及露菌病(薔薇露菌病菌(
Peronospora sparsa))。菊花屬及菊科(asteraceous)植物疾病:露菌病(萵苣露菌病菌(
Bremia lactucae))、葉枯病(菊殼針孢菌(
Septoria chrysanthemi-indici))、及白銹病(white rust)(堀柄鏽菌(Puccinia horiana))。
各種群組之疾病:由腐霉屬(Pythium spp.)(瓜果腐黴(
Pythium aphanidermatum)、德巴利腐黴(
Pythium debarianum)、禾生腐黴(
Pythium graminicola)、畸雌腐黴(
Pythium irregulare)、終極腐黴(
Pythium ultimum))造成之疾病、灰黴病(gray mold)(灰色葡萄孢菌(
Botrytis cinerea))、及菌核病(核盤菌)。
日本蘿蔔疾病:隔孢菌葉斑病(嗜甘藍鏈隔孢菌(
Alternaria brassicicola))。
草皮疾病:幣斑病(dollar spot)(銀斑病病菌(
Sclerotinia homeocarpa))、及褐斑病(brown patch)及巨斑病(large patch)(立枯絲核菌)。
香蕉疾病:黑條葉斑病(black sigatoka)(異型斐濟球腔菌(
Mycosphaerella fijiensis))、黃條葉斑病(yellow sigatoka)(香蕉生球腔菌(
Mycosphaerella musicola))。
向日葵疾病:露菌病(向日葵露菌病菌(
Plasmopara halstedii))。
由下列所造成之種子疾病或各種植物早期生長階段的疾病:麴菌屬(
Aspergillus spp.)、青黴菌屬(
Penicillium spp.)、鐮孢菌屬(
Fusarium spp.)、赤黴菌屬(
Gibberellaspp.)、木黴菌屬(
Tricoderma spp.)、根串珠黴屬(
Thielaviopsis spp.)、根黴菌屬(
Rhizopus spp.)、毛黴菌屬(
Mucor spp.)、伏革菌屬(
Corticium spp.)、莖點黴菌屬(
Phoma spp.)、菌核菌屬(
Rhizoctonia spp.)、及色二孢菌屬(
Diplodia spp.)。
由多黏桿菌屬(
Polymixaspp.)或油壺菌屬(
Olpidiumspp.)介導之各種植物的病毒疾病等。
可將本發明之組合及/或組成物用於農業土地(諸如農田、水田、草地、及果園)或非農業土地中。本發明可用於防治用於栽植植物之農業土地中的疾病而不會對植物造成任何植物毒性。
可對其使用本組成物之作物的實例包括但不限於玉米、稻米、小麥、大麥、黑麥、燕麥、高粱、棉花、大豆、花生、蕎麥、甜菜、油菜子、向日葵、甘蔗、菸草等;蔬菜:茄科蔬菜(諸如茄子、番茄、甜椒、胡椒、馬鈴薯等)、瓜類蔬菜(諸如黃瓜、南瓜、櫛瓜、西瓜、甜瓜、西葫蘆等)、十字花科蔬菜(諸如蘿蔔、白蕪菁、辣根、球莖甘藍、山東白菜、結球甘藍、大芥菜、青花菜、花椰菜等)、菊科(asteraceous)蔬菜(諸如牛蒡、茼蒿、朝鮮薊、萵苣等)、百合科(liliaceous)蔬菜(諸如蔥、洋葱、大蒜、及蘆筍)、繖形花科(ammiaceous)蔬菜(諸如胡蘿蔔、洋芹、芹菜、防風草等)、藜科(chenopodiaceous)蔬菜(諸如菠菜、火焰菜等)、薄荷科(lamiaceous)蔬菜(諸如紫蘇、薄荷、羅勒等)、草莓、地瓜、薯蕷(Dioscorea japonica)、芋屬(colocasia)等、花、觀葉植物、草皮草、水果:梨類水果(諸如蘋果、梨子、榲桲等)、核果類水果(諸如桃、李子、油桃、梅子、櫻桃、杏、乾果李等)、柑橘類水果(諸如橙、檸檬、萊姆、葡萄柚等)、堅果(諸如栗子、胡桃、榛果、杏仁、開心果、腰果、夏威夷豆等)、莓果(諸如藍莓、蔓越莓、黑莓、覆盆子等)、葡萄、柿子、橄欖、李子、香蕉、咖啡、椰棗、椰子等、果樹以外之樹木;茶樹、桑樹、開花植物、樹木(諸如白蠟樹、樺樹、山茱萸、桉樹、銀杏樹、丁香樹、楓樹、櫟、楊樹、紫荊樹、楓香樹、懸鈴木、櫸樹、日本側柏、冷杉、鐵杉、杜松、松樹、雲杉、及東北紅豆杉等)。
在一實施例中,本發明之組合可以(1-80): (1-80)之比混合。較佳地,本發明之殺真菌組合可以(1-50): (1-50)、(1-40): (1-40)之比混合。更佳地,本發明之殺真菌組合可以(1-20): (1-20)、(1-10): (1-10)、及(1-5): (1-5)之比混合。
在一較佳實施例中,本發明之殺真菌組合可以1:1之比混合。
在一實施例中,本發明提供一種殺真菌劑組成物,其包含蓋普丹及第二殺真菌劑與一或多種農業上可接受之賦形劑/載劑。
在一實施例中,第二殺真菌劑係SDHI殺真菌劑(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑中之一或多者。
在一實施例中,第二殺真菌劑係SDHI殺真菌劑。
在一實施例中,第二殺真菌劑係苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑。
因此,在一實施例中,SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)係選自苯并烯氟菌唑(benzovindiflupyr)、百殺芬(bixafen)、氟茚唑菌胺(fluindapyr)、氟克殺(fluxapyroxad)、福拉比(furametpyr)、英派爾福沙姆(inpyrfluxam)、亞派占(isopyrazam)、平氟芬(penflufen)、平硫瑞(penthiopyrad)、氟唑環菌胺(sedaxane)、麥鏽靈(benodanil)、福多寧(flutolanil)、滅普寧(mepronil)、異丙噻菌胺(isofetamid)、氟派瑞(fluopyram)、甲呋醯胺(fenfuram)、萎鏽靈(carboxin)、嘉保信(oxycarboxin)、賽氟滅(thifluzamide)、異氟普蘭(isoflucypram)、派滅芬(pydiflumetofen)、白克列(boscalid)、及派拉氟胺(pyraziflumid)。
因此,在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌劑組成物,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 英派爾福沙姆。
在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌劑組成物,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 氟茚唑菌胺。
在另一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組成物,其包含:
(c) 蓋普丹;及
(d) 氟克殺。
在又另一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組成物,其包含:
(c) 蓋普丹;及
(d) 百殺芬。
在一個態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組成物,其包含:
(c) 蓋普丹;及
(d) 苯并烯氟菌唑。
在一實施例中,苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑係選自賽座滅(cyazofamid)、安美速(amisulbrom)、及芬哌沙米(fenpicoxamid)中之一或多者。
因此,在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組成物,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 芬哌沙米。
在另一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組成物,其包含:
(c) 蓋普丹;及
(d) 賽座滅。
在一個態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌組成物,其包含:
(c) 蓋普丹;及
(d) 安美速。
本發明之組成物可用於防治廣譜植物疾病。
在一實施例中,蓋普丹在組成物中之總量一般可在0.1至99重量%、較佳地0.2至90重量%之範圍內。芬哌沙米在組成物中之總量可在0.1至99重量%之範圍內。替代地,英派爾福沙姆在組成物中之總量可在組成物之0.1至99重量%之範圍內。
在一實施例中,本發明提供一種製造用於防治植物病原真菌疾病之協同組成物的方法,其中該方法包含將蓋普丹與至少一種第二殺真菌劑混合,第二殺真菌劑係選自SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及/或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑中之一或多者。
根據另一實施例,本發明提供一種製造用於防治真菌之協同組成物的方法,其中該方法包含將蓋普丹與第二殺真菌劑混合,第二殺真菌劑係選自琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑(SDHI)及/或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑(QII)中之一或多者,其中該SDHI係英派爾福沙姆,且該QII係芬哌沙米。
根據一實施例,蓋普丹與第二殺真菌劑可在施用時或在施用點上混合。施用點係指該殺真菌劑之施用場所。該場所可為受感染的植物或種子或任何其他植物繁殖材料、或與該受感染的植物或種子或任何其他植物繁殖材料及/或枝葉相鄰的區域。
在一實施例中,可將本發明之組合的成分罐混(tank mixed)並噴灑在感染場所,或替代地可與界面活性劑混合然後再噴灑。
在一實施例中,本發明之組合的成分可用於枝葉施用、地面施用、或對植物繁殖材料施用。
在一實施例中,本發明之組合一般可藉由以下生產:將組成物中之活性物與惰性載劑混合,且視需要添加界面活性劑及其他佐劑及載劑並配製成固體、或液體配方,配方包括但不限於可潤濕粉末、粒劑、粉劑(dust)、可溶性(液體)濃縮物、懸浮液濃縮物、水包油乳液、油包水乳液、可乳化濃縮物、膠囊懸浮液、ZC配方、油分散液、或其他已知配方類型。組合亦可用於處理植物繁殖材料,諸如種子等。
用於配方中之固體載劑的實例包括細粉或粒劑(諸如礦物,諸如高嶺土黏土、厄帖浦土黏土、膨土、蒙脫土、酸白黏土(acid white clay)、葉蠟石、滑石、矽藻土、及方解石);天然有機材料(諸如玉米穗粉及胡桃殼粉);合成有機材料(諸如尿素);鹽類(諸如碳酸鈣及硫酸銨);合成無機材料(諸如合成水合氧化矽);而作為液體載劑,芳族烴(諸如二甲苯、烷基苯、及甲基萘);醇類(諸如2-丙醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、及乙二醇單乙醚);酮類(諸如丙醇、環己酮、及異佛爾酮);植物油(諸如大豆油及棉籽油);石油脂族烴、酯類、二甲亞碸、乙腈、及水。
界面活性劑之實例包括陰離子界面活性劑(諸如烷基硫酸酯鹽、烷基芳基磺酸鹽、二烷基磺琥珀酸鹽、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚磷酸酯鹽、木質磺酸鹽及萘磺酸甲醛聚縮物);及非離子界面活性劑(諸如聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物、山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯);及陽離子界面活性劑(諸如烷基三甲基銨鹽)。
其他配方助劑之實例包括水溶性聚合物(諸如聚乙烯醇及聚乙烯吡咯啶酮)、多醣(諸如阿拉伯膠、藻酸、及其鹽)、CMC(羧甲基-纖維素)、三仙膠、無機材料(諸如矽酸鎂鋁及氧化鋁溶膠(alumina sol))、防腐劑、著色劑、及穩定劑(諸如PAP(酸式磷酸異丙酯)及BHT)。
在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌劑組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹、
(b) 苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑、及
(c) 至少另一種農用化學品。
在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌劑組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;
(b) 芬哌沙米;及
(c) 至少另一種農用化學品。
在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌劑組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;
(b) SDHI殺真菌劑(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及
(c) 至少另一種農用化學品。
在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌劑組合,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;
(b) 英派爾福沙姆;及
(c) 至少另一種農用化學品。
在一實施例中,該至少另一種農用化學品可選自殺真菌劑、殺蟲劑、除草劑、除生物劑、植物生長調節劑、植物活化劑、肥料、及類似者。
在一實施例中,該至少另一種農用化學品係殺真菌劑。
在一較佳實施例中,殺真菌劑可係內吸性或接觸性殺真菌劑。
在一實施例中,可選的第三殺真菌劑可係選自下列:嗎啉殺真菌劑、三唑殺真菌劑、醯基胺基酸殺真菌劑、苯胺殺真菌劑、抗生素殺真菌劑、嗜毬果傘素(strobilurin)殺真菌劑、芳族殺真菌劑、砷殺真菌劑、芳基苯基酮殺真菌劑、苯并咪唑殺真菌劑、苯并咪唑前驅物殺真菌劑、苯并噻唑殺真菌劑、橋接二苯殺真菌劑、胺甲酸酯殺真菌劑、康唑(conazole)殺真菌劑、銅殺真菌劑、二羧醯亞胺(dicarboximide)殺真菌劑、二硝基酚殺真菌劑、二硫胺甲酸酯殺真菌劑、二噻
殺真菌劑、醯肼殺真菌劑、咪唑殺真菌劑、無機殺真菌劑、有機磷殺真菌劑、有機錫殺真菌劑、氧硫雜環己二烯(oxathiin)殺真菌劑、
唑殺真菌劑、嘧啶殺真菌劑、吡咯殺真菌劑、喹啉殺真菌劑、醌殺真菌劑、喹
啉殺真菌劑、噻二唑殺真菌劑、噻唑殺真菌劑、四氫噻唑殺真菌劑、硫胺甲酸酯殺真菌劑、噻吩殺真菌劑、三
殺真菌劑、三唑并嘧啶(triazolopyrimidine)殺真菌劑、尿素殺真菌劑、鋅殺真菌劑、未分類的殺真菌劑、及其組合。
本文所述之各態樣可具有一或多個實施例。
下文所述之各實施例可應用於說明書中他處所述之一個或所有態樣。此等實施例意欲被解讀為上文所述之一個或所有態樣的較佳特徵。下文所述之各實施例個別應用於上文所述之各態樣。
在一實施例中,本發明提供較佳組合、組成物、及其方法。本文所述之實施例描述本發明之所有此等可能的組合、組成物、及方法的較佳實施例。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係嗎啉殺真菌劑,其係選自十二嗎啉(aldimorph)、抑菌啉(benzamorph)、嗎菌威(carbamorph)、達滅芬(dimethomorph)、十二環嗎啉(dodemorph)、丁苯嗎啉(fenpropimorph)、氟嗎啉(flumorph)、或十三嗎啉(tridemorph)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係三唑殺真菌劑,其係選自安美速、雙苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、三氟苯唑(fluotrimazole)、葉銹特(triazbutil)、氧環唑(azaconazole)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、環唑醇(cyproconazole)、苄氯三唑醇(diclobutrazol)、苯醚甲環唑(difenoconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、達克利(diniconazole-M)、氧唑菌(epoxiconazole)、乙環唑(etaconazole)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)、氟矽唑(flusilazole)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、呋菌唑(furconazole)、順式呋菌唑(furconazole-cis)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、環菌唑(huanjunzuo)、亞胺唑(imibenconazole)、種菌唑(ipconazole)、葉菌唑(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、丙環唑(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、喹康唑(quinconazole)、矽氟唑(simeconazole)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、三唑醇(triadimenol)、滅菌唑(triticonazole)、烯效唑(uniconazole)、或烯效唑-P (uniconazole-P)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係醯基胺基酸殺真菌劑,其係選自苯霜靈(benalaxyl)、苯霜靈-M (benalaxyl-M)、呋霜靈(furalaxyl)、甲霜靈(metalaxyl)、甲霜靈-M (metalaxyl-M)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、或霜黴滅(valifenalate)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係苯胺殺真菌劑,其係選自苯霜靈、苯霜靈-M、百殺芬、白克列、萎鏽靈、環醯菌胺(fenhexamid)、氟克殺、異噻菌胺(isotianil)、甲霜靈、甲霜靈-M、噻菌胺(metsulfovax)、甲呋醯胺(ofurace)、惡霜靈(oxadixyl)、嘉保信、平氟芬、賜加洛(pyracarbolid)、派拉氟胺、氟唑環菌胺、賽氟滅、噻醯菌胺(tiadinil)、或抑黴胺(vangard)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係抗生素殺真菌劑,其係選自金黃制黴素(aureofungin)、殺稻瘟菌素-S (blasticidin-S)、環己醯亞胺、灰黃黴素(griseofulvin)、春日黴素(kasugamycin)、嗎啉脒胍(moroxydine)、納他黴素(natamycin)、多氧菌素(polyoxins)、保粒黴素(polyoxorim)、鏈黴素、或維利黴素(validamycin)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係嗜毬果傘素殺真菌劑,其係選自氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、曼德斯賓(mandestrobin)、吡菌苯威(pyribencarb)、嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、吡氟菌酯(bifujunzhi)、丁香菌酯(coumoxystrobin)、烯肟菌酯(enoxastrobin)、氟菌蟎酯(flufenoxystrobin)、甲香菌酯(jiaxiangjunzhi)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin)、百克敏(pyraclostrobin)、唑胺菌酯(pyrametostrobin)、氯啶菌酯(triclopyricarb)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、烯肟菌胺(fenaminstrobin)、苯氧菌胺(metominostrobin)、肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、醚菌酯(kresoxim-methyl)、或肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係芳族殺真菌劑,其係選自聯苯、氯二硝萘(chlorodinitronaphthalene)、地茂散(chloroneb)、四氯異苯腈(chlorothalonil)、甲酚、氯硝胺(dicloran)、酚菌酮(fenjuntong)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、五氯酚(pentachlorophenol)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)、五氯酚鈉(sodium pentachlorophenate)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazene)、硫氰基二硝基苯(thiocyanatodinitrobenzene)、或三氯三硝基苯(trichlorotrinitrobenzene)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係砷殺真菌劑,其係選自福美胂(asomate)或福美甲胂(urbacide)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係芳基苯基酮殺真菌劑,其係選自滅芬農(metrafenone)或派瑞芬酮(pyriofenone)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係苯并咪唑殺真菌劑,其係選自艾苯達唑(elbendazole)、苯菌靈(benomyl)、多菌靈(carbendazim)、苯咪唑菌(chlorfenazole)、氰菌靈(cypendazole)、咪菌威(debacarb)、麥穗靈(fuberidazole)、甲威苯咪(mecarbinzid)、吡咪唑(rabenzazole)、或噻菌靈(thiabendazole)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係苯并咪唑前驅物殺真菌劑,其係選自呋甲硫菌靈(furophanate)、硫菌靈(thiophanate)、或甲基硫菌靈(thiophanate methyl)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係苯并噻唑殺真菌劑,其係選自苯噻菌脲(bentaluron)、苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb)、苯噻硫氰(benthiazole)、滅瘟唑(chlobenthiazone)、二氯苯替佐克斯(dichlobentizox)、或烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係橋接二苯殺真菌劑,其係選自雙硫酸醇、二氯酚(dichlorophen)、二苯胺、六氯酚、及苯吡醇(parinol)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係胺甲酸酯殺真菌劑,其係選自於苯噻菌胺、呋甲硫菌靈、碘克威(iodocarb)、纈黴威(iprovalicarb)、皮卡布西(picarbutrazox)、霜黴威(propamocarb)、吡菌苯威(pyribencarb)、硫菌靈、甲基硫菌靈、托普洛卡(tolprocarb)、阿苯達唑(albendazole)、苯菌靈、多菌靈(carbendazim)、氰菌靈(cypendazole)、咪菌威(debacarb)、甲威苯咪(mecarbinzid)、乙黴威(diethofencarb)、百克敏、唑胺菌酯、及氯啶菌酯。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係康唑殺真菌劑,其係選自咪菌酮(climbazole)、克霉唑(clotrimazole)、抑黴唑(imazalil)、惡咪唑(oxpoconazole)、丙氯靈(prochloraz)、賽福米唑(trilfumizole)、氧環唑(azaconazole)、糠菌唑、環唑醇(cyproconazole)、苄氯三唑醇、苯醚甲環唑、烯唑醇、達克利、氧唑菌、乙環唑、腈苯唑、氟喹唑、氟矽唑、粉唑醇、呋菌唑、順式呋菌唑、己唑醇、亞胺唑、種菌唑、伊芬三氟康唑(ipfentrifluconazole)、美芬三氟康唑(mefentrifluconazole)、葉菌唑、腈菌唑、戊菌唑、丙環唑、丙硫菌唑、喹康唑、矽氟唑、戊唑醇、氟醚唑、三唑酮、三唑醇、滅菌唑、烯效唑、及烯效唑-P。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係銅殺真菌劑,其係選自阿西佩它克斯-銅(acypetacs-copper)、鹼式碳酸銅(basic copper carbonate)、鹼式硫酸銅(basic copper sulfate)、波多混合液、伯更狄混合液(Burgundy mixture)、切欣特混合液(Cheshunt mixture)、乙酸銅、氫氧化銅、萘酸銅(copper naphthenate)、油酸銅、氧氯化銅(copper oxychloride)、矽酸銅、硫酸銅、鉻酸銅鋅(copper zinc chromate)、硫雜靈(cufraneb)、福美銅氯(cuprobam)、氧化亞銅、代森錳銅(mancopper)、羥喹啉-銅(oxine-copper)、噻森銅(saisentong)、或噻菌-銅(thiodiazole-copper)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係二羧醯亞胺殺真菌劑,其係選自噁唑菌酮(famoxadone)、氟醯亞胺(fluoroimide)、乙菌利(chlozolinate)、菌核利(dichlozoline)、異菌脲(iprodione)、異醯菌酮(isovaledione)、甲菌利(myclozolin)、腐黴利(procymidone)、乙烯菌核利(vinclozolin)、敵菌丹(captafol)、蓋普丹、滅菌磷(ditalimfos)、滅菌丹(folpet)、或硫氯苯亞胺(thiochlorfenphim)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係二硝基酚殺真菌劑,其係選自樂殺蟎(binapacryl)、敵蟎通(dinobuton)、敵蟎普(dinocap)、敵蟎普-4、敵蟎普-6、消蟎多(meptyldinocap)、敵蟎消(dinocton)、硝戊酯(dinopenton)、硝辛酯(dinosulfon)、硝丁酯(dinoterbon)、或二硝基鄰甲酚(Dinitro-ortho-cresol, DNOC)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係二硫胺甲酸脂殺真菌劑,其係選自代森胺(amobam)、福美胂、氧化福美雙(azithiram)、嗎菌威、硫雜靈、福美銅氯、二硫龍(disulfiram)、福美鐵(ferbam)、威百畝(metam)、代森鈉(nabam)、福美雙聯(tecoram)、得恩地(thiram)、福美甲胂、福美鋅(ziram)、邁隆(dazomet)、代森硫(etem)、代森環(milneb)、代森錳銅、代森錳鋅(mancozeb)、代森錳(maneb)、代森聯(metiram)、聚胺甲酸酯、甲基代森鋅(propineb)、或代森鋅(zineb)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係醯肼殺真菌劑,其係選自敵菌腙(benquinox)或噻菌茂。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係咪唑殺真菌劑,其係選自賽座滅、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)、咪菌腈(fenapanil)、果綠啶(glyodin)、異菌脲、異醯菌酮、稻瘟酯、咪唑嗪(triazoxide)、咪菌酮、克霉唑、抑黴唑、惡咪唑、丙氯靈、或氟菌唑(triflumizole)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係無機殺真菌劑,其係選自疊氮化鉀、硫氰酸鉀、疊氮化鈉、硫黃、氯化汞、氧化汞、氯化亞汞、(3-乙氧基丙基)溴化汞、乙酸乙基汞、溴化乙基汞、氯化乙基汞、2,3二羥基丙基硫醇乙基汞、磷酸乙基汞、
N-(乙基汞)-對-甲苯磺醯苯胺、汞加芬(hydrargaphen)、氯化2-甲氧基乙基汞、苯甲酸甲基汞(methylmercury benzoate)、甲基汞雙氰胺(methylmercury dicyandiamide)、五氯酚甲基汞(methylmercury pentachlorophenoxide)、8-苯基汞氧基喹啉(8-phenylmercurioxyquinoline)、苯基汞脲(phenylmercuriurea)、乙酸苯基汞、氯化苯基汞、鄰苯二酚之苯基汞衍生物、硝酸苯基汞、水楊酸苯基汞、硫柳汞(thiomersal)、或乙酸甲苯汞。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係有機磷殺真菌劑,其係選自胺丙膦酸(ampropylfos)、滅菌磷(ditalimfos)、EBP、克瘟散(edifenphos)、乙膦酸(fosetyl)、己硫松(hexylthiofos)、枯瘟淨(inezin)、丙基喜樂松(iprobenfos)、淨種磷(izopamfos)、柯均林(kejunlin)、氯瘟磷(phosdiphen)、白粉松(pyrazophos)、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)、或威菌磷(triamiphos)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係有機殺真菌劑,其係選自癸磷錫(decafentin)、三苯錫(fentin)、或氧化三丁基錫。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係氧硫雜環己二烯殺真菌劑,其係選自萎鏽靈或嘉保信。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係
唑殺真菌劑,其係選自乙菌利、菌核利、敵菌酮(drazoxolon)、噁唑菌酮(famoxadone)、㗁黴靈(hymexazol)、間氯敵菌酮(metazoxolon)、甲菌利、惡霜靈、氟噻唑吡乙酮(oxathiapiprolin)、啶菌噁唑(pyrisoxazole)、或乙烯菌核利(vinclozolin)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係嘧啶殺真菌劑,其係選自乙嘧酚磺酸酯(bupirimate)、二氟林(diflumetorim)、二甲嘧酚(dimethirimol)、乙嘧酚(ethirimol)、氯苯嘧啶醇(fenarimol)、嘧菌腙(ferimzone)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、嘧菌醇(triarimol)、嘧菌環胺(cyprodinil)、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)、或嘧黴胺(pyrimethanil)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係吡咯殺真菌劑,其係選自菌核淨(dimetachlone)、拌種咯(fenpiclonil)、咯菌腈(fludioxonil)、或氟醯亞胺。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係喹啉殺真菌劑,其係選自乙氧喹啉(ethoxyquin)、丙烯酸喹啉酯(halacrinate)、8-羥基喹啉硫酸鹽、異氟氟喹(ipflufenoquin)、喹烯酮(quinacetol)、奎諾夫林(quinofumelin)、喹氧靈(quinoxyfen)、或異丁乙氧喹啉(tebufloquin)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係醌殺真菌劑,其係選自氯醌、二氯萘醌(dichlone)、或二噻農(diathianon)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係噻二唑殺真菌劑,其係選自土菌靈(etridiazole)、噻森銅(saisentong)、噻菌-銅、或噻唑鋅(zinc thiazole)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係噻唑殺真菌劑,其係選自雙氯噻唑(dichlobentiazox)、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、異噻菌胺、噻菌胺、辛噻酮(octhilinone)、氟噻唑吡乙酮、噻菌靈、或賽氟滅。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係四氫噻唑殺真菌劑,其係選自氟噻菌淨(flutianil)或噻二氟(thiadifluor)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係硫胺甲酸酯殺真菌劑,其係選自磺菌威(methasulfocarb)或硫菌威(prothiocarb)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係噻吩殺真菌劑,其係選自噻唑菌胺、異丙噻菌胺、或矽噻菌胺(silthiofam)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係敵菌靈(anilazine)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係三唑并嘧啶殺真菌劑,其係選自滅脫定(ametoctradin)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係尿素殺真菌劑,其係選自苯噻菌脲、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、或醌菌腙(quinazamid)。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係鋅殺真菌劑,其係選自阿西佩它克斯-鋅(acypetacs-zinc)、鉻酸銅鋅(copper zinc chromate)、硫雜靈、代森錳鋅、代森聯、聚胺甲酸酯、保粒黴素丁-鋅(polyoxorim-zinc)、甲基代森鋅、萘酸鋅(zinc naphthenate)、噻唑鋅、三氯酚鋅(zinc trichlorophenate)、代森鋅、或福美鋅。
在一實施例中,第三殺真菌劑係未分類的殺真菌劑,其係選自噻二唑素(acibenzolar)、環烷酸(acypetacs)、烯丙基醇(allyl alcohol)、殺藻胺(benzalkonium chloride)、苯噻噁嗪(bethoxazin)、溴菌腈(bromothalonil)、聚葡萄胺糖、氯化苦、DBCP、去氫乙酸、達滅淨(diclomezine)、焦碳酸二乙酯、迪派地隆(dipymetitrone)、乙蒜素(ethylicin)、敵磺鈉(fenaminosulf)、種衣酯(fenitropan)、苯鏽啶(fenpropidin)、甲醛、糠醛、六氯丁二烯、異硫氰酸甲酯、硝苯乙烯、酞菌酯(nitrothal-isopropyl)、OCH、月桂酸五氯苯酯、2-苯基苯酚、酞內酯、哌丙靈(piperalin)、普羅帕脒(propamidine)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、百快隆(pyroquilon)、鄰苯基苯酚化鈉(sodium
o-phenylphenoxide)、螺環菌胺(spiroxamine)、戊苯碸(sultropen)、噻菌腈(thicyofen)、或三賽唑(tricyclazole)。
在一態樣中,本發明可提供組成物,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;
(b) 芬哌沙米及
(c) 至少另一種農用化學活性成分。
在一態樣中,本發明可提供組成物,其包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;
(b) 英派爾福沙姆;及
(c) 至少另一種農用化學活性成分。
可如本發明之先前態樣中所定義選擇根據本實施例之第三活性成分。
在一實施例中,該至少另一種農用化學品可選自殺真菌劑、殺蟲劑、除草劑、除生物劑、植物生長調節劑、植物活化劑、肥料、及類似者。
在一實施例中,該農用化學活性成分係殺真菌劑。
在一較佳實施例中,殺真菌劑可係內吸性或接觸性殺真菌劑。
在一實施例中,可選的第三殺真菌劑可係選自下列:嗎啉殺真菌劑、三唑殺真菌劑、醯基胺基酸殺真菌劑、苯胺殺真菌劑、抗生素殺真菌劑、嗜毬果傘素(strobilurin)殺真菌劑、芳族殺真菌劑、砷殺真菌劑、芳基苯基酮殺真菌劑、苯并咪唑殺真菌劑、苯并咪唑前驅物殺真菌劑、苯并噻唑殺真菌劑、橋接二苯殺真菌劑、胺甲酸酯殺真菌劑、康唑(conazole)殺真菌劑、銅殺真菌劑、二羧醯亞胺(dicarboximide)殺真菌劑、二硝基酚殺真菌劑、二硫胺甲酸酯殺真菌劑、二噻
殺真菌劑、醯肼殺真菌劑、咪唑殺真菌劑、無機殺真菌劑、有機磷殺真菌劑、有機錫殺真菌劑、氧硫雜環己二烯(oxathiin)殺真菌劑、
唑殺真菌劑、嘧啶殺真菌劑、吡咯殺真菌劑、喹啉殺真菌劑、醌殺真菌劑、喹
啉殺真菌劑、噻二唑殺真菌劑、噻唑殺真菌劑、四氫噻唑殺真菌劑、硫胺甲酸酯殺真菌劑、噻吩殺真菌劑、三
殺真菌劑、三唑并嘧啶(triazolopyrimidine)殺真菌劑、尿素殺真菌劑、鋅殺真菌劑、未分類的殺真菌劑、及其組合。
在一實施例中,本發明可提供一種組成物,其包含蓋普丹;SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑或其組合;及至少一種三唑殺真菌劑。
在一實施例中,本發明可提供一種組成物,其包含蓋普丹;芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆;及至少一種三唑殺真菌劑。
在一實施例中,本發明可提供一種組成物,其包含蓋普丹;SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑;及至少一種嗜毬果傘素殺真菌劑。
在一實施例中,本發明可提供一種組成物,其包含蓋普丹;芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆;及至少一種嗜毬果傘素殺真菌劑。
在一實施例中,本發明可提供一種組成物,其包含蓋普丹;SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑;及至少一種苯并咪唑殺真菌劑。
在一實施例中,本發明可提供一種組成物,其包含蓋普丹;芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆;及至少一種苯并咪唑殺真菌劑。
在一態樣中,本發明可提供一種防治真菌疾病之方法,該方法包含向場所施用農用化學上可接受之量的組合或組成物,組合或組成物包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑。
在一實施例中,本發明提供一種防治真菌疾病之方法,該方法包含向場所施用農用化學上可接受之量的組合或組成物,組合或組成物包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 芬哌沙米。
在另一實施例中,本發明提供一種防治真菌疾病之方法,該方法包含向場所施用農用化學上可接受之量的組合或組成物,組合或組成物包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) 英派爾福沙姆。
在又另一實施例中,本發明可提供一種防治真菌疾病之方法,該方法包含向場所施用農用化學上可接受之量的組合或組成物,組合或組成物包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑,其中該組合係以40 g/ha至2000 g/ha之比率使用。
因此,在一態樣中,本發明可提供一種抗性管理之方法,其包含在感染場所施用包含蓋普丹及芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆之組合。
在一實施例中,本發明可提供一種預防真菌抗性之方法,該方法包含向植物之場所施用包含蓋普丹及芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆之組合。
本發明之組合可以預混組成物或多部分套組提供,使得個別活化物可在噴灑之前進行混合。替代地,多部分套組可含有預混的蓋普丹及芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆或其組合,且可選的第三活性物可與佐劑混合,使得兩種組分可在噴灑之前罐混。
因此,在一態樣中,本發明提供一種包含殺真菌組合的套組,殺真菌組合包含蓋普丹及芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆。
在另一態樣中,本發明提供一種包含殺真菌組合的套組,殺真菌組合包含蓋普丹及芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆;及第三殺真菌劑,其係選自嗎啉殺真菌劑、三唑殺真菌劑、醯基胺基酸殺真菌劑、苯胺殺真菌劑、抗生素殺真菌劑、嗜毬果傘素殺真菌劑、芳族殺真菌劑、砷殺真菌劑、芳基苯基酮殺真菌劑、苯并咪唑殺真菌劑、苯并咪唑前驅物殺真菌劑、苯并噻唑殺真菌劑、橋接二苯殺真菌劑、胺甲酸酯殺真菌劑、康唑殺真菌劑、銅殺真菌劑、二羧醯亞胺殺真菌劑、二硝基酚殺真菌劑、二硫胺甲酸酯殺真菌劑、二噻
殺真菌劑、醯肼殺真菌劑、咪唑殺真菌劑、無機殺真菌劑、有機磷殺真菌劑、有機錫殺真菌劑、氧硫雜環己二烯殺真菌劑、
唑殺真菌劑、嘧啶殺真菌劑、吡咯殺真菌劑、喹啉殺真菌劑、醌殺真菌劑、喹
啉殺真菌劑、噻二唑殺真菌劑、噻唑殺真菌劑、四氫噻唑殺真菌劑、硫胺甲酸酯殺真菌劑、噻吩殺真菌劑、三
殺真菌劑、三唑并嘧啶殺真菌劑、尿素殺真菌劑、鋅殺真菌劑、未分類的殺真菌劑、及其組合。
在另一態樣中,本發明提供一種包含殺真菌組合的套組,殺真菌組合包含蓋普丹及芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆;及至少一種三唑殺真菌劑。
在另一態樣中,本發明提供一種包含殺真菌組合的套組,殺真菌組合包含蓋普丹及芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆;及至少一種嗜毬果傘素殺真菌劑。
在另一態樣中,本發明提供一種包含殺真菌組合的套組,殺真菌組合包含蓋普丹及芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆;及至少一種苯并咪唑殺真菌劑。
本發明之組成物可以罐混物或配方同時施用,或可依序施用。施用可在植物萌發之前,在種植之前或種植之後對土壤進行。施用可在作物發育期間之不同時間以枝葉噴灑進行,在萌發後早期或晚期施用一或兩次。
根據本發明之組成物可在有用植物或其繁殖材料受到真菌感染之前或之後施用。
蓋普丹與芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆之組合大幅改善疾病防治以及改善產率,並展示出協同效應。在疾病防治中之混合物性能越低,本發明之額外效益越大。
在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌劑組合/組成物用於防治廣譜真菌疾病之用途,該組合或組成物包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑。
在一態樣中,本發明提供一種殺真菌劑組合/組成物用於預防真菌抗性之用途,該組合或組成物包含:
(a) 蓋普丹;及
(b) SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑。
此外,觀察到相較於蓋普丹或SDHI/QII(當個別用於防治或抑制植物病原真菌時),需要較低濃度的蓋普丹與一或多種SDHI及QII之組合來抑制真菌。因此,指示在真菌疾病防治及抑制中,蓋普丹與SDHI及QII中之一或多者之組合的優異優點。
本發明不應限於上述實施例及方法,而是限於本發明之範疇及精神內的所有實施例及方法。
實例 1 :
執行試驗以評估蓋普丹及芬哌沙米之本組合對灰色葡萄孢菌的殺真菌功效。
表 1
處理編號 | 處理 | 配方濃度 | 使用的濃度 |
1. | 蓋普丹 | 500.000 mg/L | 0.01 mg/L |
2. | 芬哌沙米 | 130.000 mg/L | 0.01 mg/L |
3. | 蓋普丹 + 芬哌沙米 | 500.000 mg/L + 130.000 mg/L | 0.01 mg/L |
使用科爾比方程式(Colby's equation)判定混合物的預期殺真菌效應。下列方程式係用於計算含有兩種活性成分(A及B)之混合物的預期活性:
預期= A + B - (A × B/100)
A =活性組分A在與混合物中所使用之濃度相同的情況下觀察到的功效;
B =活性組分B在與混合物中所使用之濃度相同的情況下觀察到的功效。
在針對灰色葡萄孢菌的施用中,使用蓋普丹與芬哌沙米之協同混合物所觀察到之防治%係示於下表中。
表 2
實例 2 :
處理 | 濃度 | 防治 % |
蓋普丹 | 0.01 (mg/L) | 11.54 |
芬哌沙米 | 0.01 (mg/L) | 15.45 |
蓋普丹 + 芬哌沙米 (觀察到的功效 -O ) | 0.01 (mg/L) | 37.65 |
計算的預期功效 (E) | --- | 25.21 |
科爾比差 (O-E) | --- | 12.44 |
結論 | --- | 協同作用 |
評估EC50值,以判定殺真菌劑及組合在體外達到灰色葡萄孢菌孢子真菌群之50%抑制的較低濃度。
表 3
處理 | EC50 (mg/L) |
蓋普丹 | 0.15 |
芬哌沙米 | 0.46 |
蓋普丹 + 芬哌沙米 | 0.076 |
EC50值指示蓋普丹與芬哌沙米之協同混合物在0.076 mg / L之濃度下導致真菌群之50%抑制。
發明優點
本發明不應受限於下述優點。
本殺真菌劑組合係協同的,且證明具有有效的疾病防治%。
蓋普丹及一或多種SDHI或QII之本協同組合在使用治癒性及預防性活性物且具有較低劑量率(dosage rate)之情況下幫助改善植物疾病防治之範圍。
相較於個別殺真菌劑,本殺真菌劑組合之較低EC50值有助於施用較低使用率(use rate)的組合。
Claims (19)
- 一種殺真菌組合,其包含蓋普丹(captan)及一第二殺真菌劑,該第二殺真菌劑係選自琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑殺真菌劑(SDHI)及/或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑(QII)中之一或多者。
- 如請求項1所述之殺真菌組合,其中琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑殺真菌劑(SDHI)係選自下列中之一或多者:苯并烯氟菌唑(benzovindiflupyr)、百殺芬(bixafen)、氟茚唑菌胺(fluindapyr)、氟克殺(fluxapyroxad)、福拉比(furametpyr)、英派爾福沙姆(inpyrfluxam)、亞派占(isopyrazam)、平氟芬(penflufen)、平硫瑞(penthiopyrad)、氟唑環菌胺(sedaxane)、麥鏽靈(benodanil)、福多寧(flutolanil)、滅普寧(mepronil)、異丙噻菌胺(isofetamid)、氟派瑞(fluopyram)、甲呋醯胺(fenfuram)、萎鏽靈(carboxin)、嘉保信(oxycarboxin)、賽氟滅(thifluzamide)、異氟普蘭(isoflucypram)、派滅芬(pydiflumetofen)、白克列(boscalid)、及派拉氟胺(pyraziflumid)。
- 如請求項1所述之殺真菌組合,其中苯醌內部抑制劑(QII)殺真菌劑係選自賽座滅(cyazofamid)、安美速(amisulbrom)、及芬哌沙米(fenpicoxamide)中之一或多者。
- 如請求項1所述之殺真菌組合,其中蓋普丹與SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及/或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑中之一或多者的比係在1:80至1:80之範圍內。
- 如請求項1所述之殺真菌組合,其中該殺真菌組合包含; (a) 蓋普丹、及 (b) 英派爾福沙姆。
- 如請求項1所述之殺真菌組合,其中該殺真菌組合包含 (a) 蓋普丹、及 (b) 芬哌沙米。
- 一種殺真菌組成物,其包含蓋普丹及一第二殺真菌劑,該第二殺真菌劑係選自琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑(SDHI)殺真菌劑及/或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑中之一或多者,其中琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑殺真菌劑(SDHI)係選自下列中之一或多者:苯并烯氟菌唑、百殺芬、氟茚唑菌胺、氟克殺、福拉比、英派爾福沙姆、亞派占、平氟芬、平硫瑞、氟唑環菌胺、麥鏽靈、福多寧、滅普寧、異丙噻菌胺、氟派瑞、甲呋醯胺、萎鏽靈、嘉保信、賽氟滅、異氟普蘭、派滅芬、白克列、及派拉氟胺,且其中苯醌內部抑制劑(QII)殺真菌劑係選自賽座滅、安美速、及芬哌沙米中之一或多者。
- 如請求項7所述之殺真菌組成物,其中該殺真菌組成物包含; (a) 蓋普丹、及 (b) 英派爾福沙姆。
- 如請求項7所述之殺真菌組成物,其中該殺真菌組成物包含; (a) 蓋普丹、及 (b) 芬哌沙米。
- 如請求項7所述之殺真菌組成物,其中以該組成物之總重量計,蓋普丹之濃度係在0.1至99%之範圍內。
- 如請求項7所述之殺真菌組合,其中以該組成物之總重量計,該第二殺真菌劑之濃度係在0.1至99%之範圍內。
- 如請求項7所述之組成物,其中該組成物進一步包含至少一種農用化學上可接受之載劑。
- 一種製造用於防治植物病原真菌疾病之協同組成物的方法,其中該方法包含將蓋普丹與至少一種第二殺真菌劑混合,該第二殺真菌劑係選自SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)及/或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑中之一或多者。
- 一種防治真菌疾病之方法,該方法包含向一場所施用一農用化學上可接受之量的一組合或一組成物,該組合或組成物包含: (a) 蓋普丹;及 (b) 一第二殺真菌劑,其係選自SDHI(琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑)或苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑中之一或多者。
- 如請求項14所述之防治真菌疾病之方法,該方法包含向該場所施用農用化學上可接受之量的一組合或組成物,該組合或組成物包含: (a) 蓋普丹;及 (b) 一第二殺真菌劑,其係選自芬哌沙米或英派爾福沙姆中之一或多者。
- 一種協同組合用於防治真菌疾病之用途,其中該組成物包含一第二殺真菌劑,該第二殺真菌劑係選自一琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑(SDHI)及/或一苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑(QII)中之一或多者,其中該SDHI係英派爾福沙姆,且該QII係芬哌沙米。
- 一種多部分套組(kit-of-parts),其包含蓋普丹之第一組分及至少一種其他殺真菌劑之第二組分,該至少一種其他殺真菌劑係選自一琥珀酸去氫酶抑制劑(SDHI)及/或一苯醌內部抑制劑殺真菌劑(QII)中之一或多者,其中該SDHI係英派爾福沙姆,且該QII係芬哌沙米。
- 如請求項17所述之多部分套組,其中該多部分套組進一步包含一或多種額外組分,該一或多種額外組分包含一或多種活性及/或非活性成分。
- 如請求項18所述之多部分套組,其中當將該等兩種組分組合在一起時,該多部分套組產生一協同混合物。
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