TW202206058A - Rna病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑 - Google Patents
Rna病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明係一種RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其以選自由選擇性雌激素受體調節劑、抗結核藥、CysLT1受體拮抗劑、過氧化物酶體增殖物活化受體γ(PPARγ,Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ)促效劑、花生四烯酸5-脂肪加氧酶(5-LOX,Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase)抑制劑、其等之衍生物、其等之藥學上容許之鹽及其等之藥學上容許之溶劑合物所組成之群中之至少一種化合物為有效成分。
Description
本發明係關於一種RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑。本案基於2020年4月30日於美國提出臨時申請之美國專利申請案第63/017,677號說明書及2020年12月11日於美國提出臨時申請之美國專利申請案第63/124,098號說明書主張優先權,將其等之內容援引於此。
嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)之出現因人傳人之有效率之感染及高病原性,而引起全球大流行,威脅到公共衛生安全(例如,參照非專利文獻1)。SARS-CoV-2係一種屬於冠狀病毒科之病毒,且該病毒為具有正向單股RNA(positive sense single-stranded RNA)基因組之包膜病毒。
嚴重急性呼吸道症候群(SARS)及中東呼吸道症候群(MERS)等新興病毒疾病之起因病毒亦屬於冠狀病毒科。又,致死率較高之伊波拉病毒症及馬堡病毒症之起因病毒屬於絲狀病毒科,且該病毒為具有反向單股RNA基因組之包膜病毒。
[先前技術文獻]
[非專利文獻]
[非專利文獻1]R. T. Gandhi, et al., Mild or Moderate Covid-19, N Engl J Med, 383, 1757-1766, 2020.
[發明所欲解決之課題]
除冠狀病毒及絲狀病毒以外,許多RNA病毒有引起新興、再現感染症之危險,找到RNA病毒相關疾病之預防藥或治療藥非常重要。本發明之目的在於提供一種RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療藥。
[解決課題之技術手段]
本發明包括以下之態樣。
[1]一種RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其以選自由選擇性雌激素受體調節劑、抗結核藥、CysLTl受體拮抗劑、過氧化物酶體增殖物活化受體γ(PPARγ,Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ)促效劑、花生四烯酸5-脂肪加氧酶(5-LOX,Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase)抑制劑、其等之衍生物、其等之藥學上容許之鹽及其等之藥學上容許之溶劑合物所組成之群中之至少一種化合物為有效成分。
[2]如[1]所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述選擇性雌激素受體調節劑為雷洛昔芬(Raloxifene)、他莫昔芬(Tamoxifen)、托瑞米芬(Toremifene)或克樂米芬(Clomiphene)。
[3]如[2]所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述他莫昔芬為檸檬酸他莫昔芬(Tamoxifen Citrate)之形態。
[4]如[2]所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述托瑞米芬為檸檬酸托瑞米芬(Toremifene Citrate)之形態。
[5]如[1]所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述抗結核藥為利福平(Rifampin)。
[6]如[1]所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述CysLTl受體拮抗劑為普倫司特(Pranlukast)。
[7]如[1]所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述PPARγ促效劑為吡格列酮(Pioglitazone)。
[8]如[1]所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述5-LOX抑制劑為齊留通(Zileuton)。
[9]如[1]至[8]中任一項所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述RNA病毒為屬於選自由冠狀病毒科、絲狀病毒科及副黏液病毒科所組成之群中之科之至少1種病毒。
[10]如[9]所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述RNA病毒為選自由SERS-CoV-2、伊波拉病毒及仙台病毒所組成之群中之至少1種病毒。
[11]如[1]至[10]中任一項所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其以雷洛昔芬及吡格列酮為有效成分。
[12]如[1]至[10]中任一項所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其進而包含瑞德西韋,且以雷洛昔芬及瑞德西韋為有效成分。
[13]如[1]至[10]中任一項所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其進而包含瑞德西韋,且以吡格列酮及瑞德西韋為有效成分。
[14]一種RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療方法,其包括如下步驟:將[1]至[13]中任一項所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑之有效量投予至需要其之對象。
[15]如[14]所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療方法,其包括如下步驟:將雷洛昔芬及吡格列酮之有效量投予至需要其之對象。
[16]如[14]所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療方法,其包括如下步驟:將雷洛昔芬及瑞德西韋之有效量投予至需要其之對象。
[17]如[14]所記載之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療方法,其包括如下步驟:將吡格列酮及瑞德西韋之有效量投予至需要其之對象。
[發明之效果]
根據本發明,可提供一種針對RNA病毒之廣效藥。
[RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑]
於一實施形態中,本發明提供一種RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其以選自由選擇性雌激素受體調節劑、抗結核藥、CysLT1受體拮抗劑、PPARγ促效劑、5-LOX抑制劑、其等之衍生物、其等之藥學上容許之鹽及其等之藥學上容許之溶劑合物所組成之群中之至少一種化合物為有效成分。
本實施形態之預防或治療劑藉由抑制RNA病毒感染細胞,可預防或治療RNA病毒相關疾病。作為RNA病毒相關疾病,可例舉由感染RNA病毒引起之疾病,具體而言,可例舉:新型冠狀病毒感染(COVID-19)、嚴重急性呼吸道症候群(SARS)、中東呼吸道症候群(MERS)、普通感冒、伊波拉出血熱、馬堡病毒症、幼兒急性呼吸道感染、腮腺炎(流行性腮腺炎)、幼兒急性呼吸道感染、麻疹、亞急性硬化性泛腦炎、亨德拉病毒(Hendra virus)感染症、尼帕病毒(Nipah virus)感染症、新城雞瘟(結膜炎)、嬰幼兒上呼吸道感染症(感冒)等。
如以下實施例中所述,發明人等構建使用仙台病毒(SeV)與人類誘導性富潛能幹細胞(iPSC)之化合物篩檢系統,篩檢美國食品及藥物管理局(FDA)批准藥物庫。其結果,作為抑制SeV感染且細胞毒性低之化合物,特定出屬於選擇性雌激素受體調節劑、抗結核藥、CysLT1受體拮抗劑、PPARγ促效劑、5-LOX抑制劑之化合物。進而,利用伊波拉病毒(EBOV)與SARS-CoV-2對選擇之命中化合物(hit compound)之抗病毒效果進行評價,從而完成了本發明。
SeV係屬於副黏液病毒科副黏液病毒亞科之呼吸道病毒屬之反向單股RNA病毒。SeV為於日本仙台發現之小鼠副流感病毒I型,自然地於呼吸道黏膜進行複製。藉由基因操作製作重組減毒型,具有靶基因之SeV被用於人類基因之治療。
人類iPSC被廣泛用於疾病模型或藥物開發,未分化之iPSC本身亦可用於化合物篩檢。人類iPSC具有保持人類基因,具有正常之核型及無限的自我再生能力之優點。
於本實施形態之預防或治療劑中,作為選擇性雌激素受體調節劑,可例舉:雷洛昔芬(CAS編號:84449-90-1)、他莫昔芬(CAS編號:10540-29-1)、托瑞米芬(CAS編號:89778-26-7)、克樂米芬(CAS編號:911-45-5)等。
於如下實施例中所述,發明人等發現,選擇性雌激素受體調節劑抑制SeV、EBOV、SARS-CoV-2之感染,上述SeV、EBOV、SARS-CoV-2屬於跨及反向RNA病毒及正向RNA病毒這兩者之十分不同之家族。因此,選擇性雌激素受體調節劑為廣域之RNA病毒抑制劑之一例。又,於如下實施例中所述,發明人等明確了,選擇性雌激素受體調節劑藉由抑制病毒經由刺突蛋白(spike protein)入侵至宿主細胞,而抑制RNA病毒之感染。
於本實施形態之預防或治療劑中,作為RNA病毒,可例舉屬於選自由冠狀病毒科、絲狀病毒科及副黏液病毒科所組成之群中之科的至少1種病毒。
作為屬於冠狀病毒科之病毒,可例舉嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒2(SERS–CoV-2)。作為屬於絲狀病毒科之病毒,可例舉伊波拉病毒。作為屬於副黏液病毒科之病毒,可例舉仙台病毒。
本實施形態之預防或治療劑可包含雷洛昔芬作為有效成分。又,本實施形態之預防或治療劑除雷洛昔芬以外,可進而包含吡格列酮或瑞德西韋作為有效成分。
即,本實施形態之預防或治療劑可以雷洛昔芬及吡格列酮為有效成分。於如下實施例中所述,發明人等明確了,雷洛昔芬及吡格列酮之併用協同地抑制RNA病毒感染。
或者,本實施形態之預防或治療劑可以雷洛昔芬及瑞德西韋為有效成分。於如下實施例中所述,發明人等明確了,雷洛昔芬及瑞德西韋之併用協同地抑制RNA病毒感染。將瑞德西韋(CAS編號:1809249-37-3)之化學式示於下述式(11)。
又,本實施形態之預防或治療劑可包含吡格列酮及瑞德西韋作為有效成分。於如下實施例中所述,發明人等明確了,吡格列酮及瑞德西韋之併用協同地抑制RNA病毒感染。
於本說明書中,「作為有效成分包含」意指作為主要活性成分包含,且係指以發揮效果之程度來含有。此處所述之「效果」係指對作為對象之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療效果,於某態樣中,可為對作為對象之病毒之抑制感染效果。
於本實施形態之預防或治療劑中,作為藥學上容許之鹽,例如可例舉:無機酸鹽、鹼金屬鹽、鹼土金屬鹽、金屬鹽、銨鹽、有機胺加成鹽、胺基酸加成鹽等。更具體而言,例如可例舉:鹽酸鹽、硫酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、硝酸鹽、磷酸鹽等無機酸鹽;乙酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、琥珀酸鹽、順丁烯二酸鹽、反丁烯二酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、酒石酸鹽等有機酸鹽;鈉鹽、鉀鹽等鹼金屬鹽;鎂鹽、鈣鹽等鹼土金屬鹽;鋁鹽、鋅鹽等金屬鹽;銨鹽、四甲基銨鹽等銨鹽;嗎福啉、哌啶等有機胺加成鹽;甘胺酸、苯丙胺酸、離胺酸、天冬胺酸、麩胺酸等胺基酸加成鹽等。又,作為藥學上容許之溶劑合物,例如可例舉:水合物、有機溶劑合物等。
本實施形態之預防或治療劑較佳為以包含上述化合物及藥學上容許之載體之醫藥組成物的形式被製劑化。醫藥組成物例如可以液劑、散劑、顆粒劑、錠劑、膠囊劑等形態經口投予,或者,以注射劑、栓劑、皮膚外用劑等形態非經口投予。作為皮膚外用劑,更具體而言,可例舉軟膏劑、貼附劑等劑型。
作為藥學上容許之載體,可無特別限制地使用通常用於醫藥組成物之製劑者。更具體而言,例如可例舉:明膠、玉米澱粉、黃蓍膠、阿拉伯膠等黏合劑;澱粉、晶質纖維素等賦形劑;海藻酸等膨化劑;水、乙醇、甘油等注射劑用溶劑;橡膠系黏著劑、聚矽氧系黏著劑等黏著劑等。
醫藥組成物可包含添加劑。作為添加劑,可例舉:硬脂酸鈣、硬脂酸鎂等潤滑劑;蔗糖、乳糖、糖精、麥芽糖醇等甜味劑;胡椒薄荷、紅珠樹(gaultheria adenothrix)油等香味劑;苄醇、酚等穩定劑;磷酸鹽、乙酸鈉等緩衝劑;苯甲酸苄酯、苄醇等增溶劑;抗壞血酸等抗氧化劑;對羥基苯甲酸酯類(paraben)、氯化苄烷銨、氯丁醇、甲酚等防腐劑等。
醫藥組成物之投予量因患者之症狀、體重、年齡、性別等而異,無法一概決定,於經口投予之情形時,例如,對於每種投予單位形態,將0.1~100 mg/kg體重之有效成分(上述化合物)按1天1次或分成2~4次左右進行投予即可。又,於注射劑之情形時,例如,對於每種投予單位形態,投予0.01~50 mg之有效成分即可。
[RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療方法]
於一實施形態中,本發明提供一種RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療方法,其包括如下步驟:將上述RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑之有效量投予至需要其之對象。
於本說明書中,「有效量」之預防或治療劑可為包含有效量之有效成分(化合物)之劑。此處,劑或化合物之「有效量」係指給處置對象帶來預防或治療效果所必需之劑或化合物之量,更具體而言,可為對與對象RNA病毒相關疾病相關之至少1種以上之症狀進行阻止、延遲或使其成為最小限度之充分之量。
於某態樣中,化合物之「有效量」可為化合物單獨或者組合其他化合物或其他處置,來對與對象RNA病毒相關疾病相關之1種以上之症狀進行阻止、延遲、或使其成為最小限度之充分之量。
劑或化合物之有效量如所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所認識,能夠根據對象RNA病毒相關疾病、投予路徑、賦形劑之使用及與其他治療處置之併用而進行變化。
本實施形態之預防或治療方法可包括如下步驟:將雷洛昔芬及吡格列酮之有效量投予至需要其之對象。
或者,本實施形態之預防或治療方法可包括如下步驟:將雷洛昔芬及瑞德西韋之有效量投予至需要其之對象。
或者,本實施形態之預防或治療方法可包括如下步驟:將吡格列酮及瑞德西韋之有效量投予至需要其之對象。
[其他實施形態]
於一實施形態中,本發明提供一種化合物,其用以預防或治療RNA病毒相關疾病,且為選自由選擇性雌激素受體調節劑、抗結核藥、CysLT1受體拮抗劑、PPARγ促效劑、5-LOX抑制劑、其等之衍生物、其等之藥學上容許之鹽及其等之藥學上容許之溶劑合物所組成之群中之至少一種。
關於選擇性雌激素受體調節劑、抗結核藥、CysLT1受體拮抗劑、PPARγ促效劑、5-LOX抑制劑、其等之衍生物、其等之藥學上容許之鹽及其等之藥學上容許之溶劑合物,與以上敍述者相同。
於一實施形態中,本發明提供一種醫藥組成物,其用以預防或治療RNA病毒相關疾病,且含有雷洛昔芬及吡格列酮作為有效成分。
於一實施形態中,本發明提供一種醫藥組成物,其用以預防或治療RNA病毒相關疾病,且含有雷洛昔芬及瑞德西韋作為有效成分。
於一實施形態中,本發明提供一種醫藥組成物,其用以預防或治療RNA病毒相關疾病,且含有吡格列酮及瑞德西韋作為有效成分。
於一實施形態中,本發明提供一種化合物之用途,其用以製造RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,該化合物為選自由選擇性雌激素受體調節劑、抗結核藥、CysLT1受體拮抗劑、PPARγ促效劑、5-LOX抑制劑、其等之衍生物、其等之藥學上容許之鹽及其等之藥學上容許之溶劑合物所組成之群中之至少一種。
於一實施形態中,本發明提供一種雷洛昔芬及吡格列酮之用途,其用以製造RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑。
於一實施形態中,本發明提供一種雷洛昔芬及瑞德西韋之用途,其用以製造RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑。
於一實施形態中,本發明提供一種吡格列酮及瑞德西韋之用途,其用以製造RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑。
[實施例]
以下表示實施例,進一步詳細地說明本發明,但本發明並不限定於以下之實施例。
[材料及方法]
(iPS細胞之製作)
人類iPSC係使用已報告之附加型載體(Sox2、Klf4、Oct3/4、L-Myc、Lin28、p53-shRNA),由周邊血液單核細胞(PBMC)製作,於使用StemFit(Ajinomoto公司)培養基之無餵養細胞培養系統中進行培養。iPSC之核型分析由LSI Medience公司進行。
(化合物)
高通量篩檢中使用美國食品及藥物管理局(FDA)批准藥物庫(Enzo Life Sciences公司)。用於RNA定量分析之化合物自Selleck Chemicals公司買入。
(使用仙台病毒與人類iPS細胞之化合物篩檢)
為了篩檢高通量化合物,藉由TrypLE Express(Thermo Fisher Scientific公司)將人類iPSC解離為單細胞,使用含有10 μM Y-27632(NACALAI TESQUE公司)之StemFit,接種至經iMatrix塗佈之96孔培養盤。24小時後,將培養基更換成包含化合物之新鮮StemFit,培養3小時。繼而,使iPSC暴露於具有EGFP(enhanced green fluorescent protein,增強型綠色螢光蛋白)基因之仙台病毒(SeV)。感染多重性(MOI)推定為1。
培養48小時後,藉由PBS將細胞洗淨2次,其次,於4%多聚甲醛(PFA)中,於室溫下固定10分鐘。將4'6-二胺基-2-苯基吲哚(DAPI)(Thermo Fisher Scientific公司)用於核之標記。細胞影像使用IN CELL Analyzer 6000(GE Healthcare公司)或IN CELL Analyzer 2000(GE Healthcare公司)獲得,使用IN CELL Developer Tool Box軟體1.92(GE Healthcare公司)定量EGFP陽性細胞數。
(定量RT-PCR)
於StemFit(Ajinomoto公司)中將人類iPSC接種至經iMatrix塗佈之24孔培養盤,使其暴露於SeV。藉由PBS將細胞洗淨2次後,使用miRNeasy Mini套組(Qiagen公司)提取培養之人類iPSC之總RNA。繼而,使用ReverTraAce(東洋紡公司)將500 ng之RNA反轉錄。藉由使用寡dT之反轉錄,測定mRNA水準(mRNA level),藉由使用隨機引子之反轉錄,測定病毒基因組RNA水準。定量PCR分析係使用SYBR Premix Ex Taq II(TAKARA BIO公司)與Step One Plus系統(Thermo Fisher Scientific公司)進行。將用以檢測病毒基因組RNA之PCR引子設計於NP基因與P基因之間。將使用之引子之鹼基序列示於下述表1。
[表1]
引子名 | 序列(5'至3') | 序列編號 |
EGFP_F | GGACGACGGCAACTACAAGA | 1 |
EGFP_R | TTGTACTCCAGCTTGTGCCC | 2 |
GAPDH_F | TCCACTGGCGTCTTCACC | 3 |
GAPDH_R | GGCAGAGATGATGACCCTTTT | 4 |
(細胞株)
藉由添加有10%胎牛血清(FBS)及1%青黴素/鏈黴素溶液之達爾伯克改良伊格爾培養基(DMEM)來維持培養293T細胞、Huh7細胞及Vero E6細胞(北海道大學,高田禮人博士提供)。
(伊波拉trVLP之產生與感染分析)
為了評價化合物之抗伊波拉病毒活性,使用293T細胞製作表現GFP報導(GFP reporter)之伊波拉trVLP(T. Hoenen, et. al., Modeling the lifecycle of Ebola virus under biosafety level 2 conditions with virus-like particles containing tetracistronic minigenomes. J Vis Exp, 52381, 2014.)。使用磷酸鈣法,將編碼EBOV-NP、EBOV-VP35、EBOV-VP30、EBOV-L、T7-聚合酶之pCAGGS表現質體及編碼EBOV-GP、EBOV-VP40、EBOV-VP24、GFP報導基因之trVLP四順反子(tetracistronic)微型基因組之表現質體轉染至293T細胞。轉染1天後,將培養上清液更換成新鮮之培養基。進而經過3天後,回收上清液,以2,000×g進行15分鐘離心分離,藉此進行澄清化,獲得伊波拉trVLP。該伊波拉trVLP保存於-80℃下。
為了增加上述伊波拉trVLP之效價,以如下方式將伊波拉trVLP繼代2~3次。使用磷酸鈣法,將編碼EBOV-NP、EBOV-VP35、EBOV-VP30、EBOV-L及宿主因子Tim-1之pCAGGS表現質體轉染至293T細胞。轉染1天後,將上述細胞暴露於trVLP 1天,進而培養3天,其後,回收培養上清液,獲得高效價伊波拉trVLP。於本案實驗例中,使用該高效價伊波拉trVLP。
為了評價化合物之抗病毒活性,使用TransIT LT1轉染試劑(Mirus公司),將編碼EBOV-NP、EBOV-VP35、EBOV-VP30及EBOV-L之pCAGGS表現質體轉染至Huh7細胞。轉染2天後,藉由適當濃度之各化合物對細胞進行預處理,暴露於繼代之trVLP下,於化合物之存在下培養2天。
繼而,藉由10%福馬林將暴露於trVLP之細胞固定一晚後,為了進行核染色,藉由Hoechst33342色素進行染色,利用具備4×透鏡之Cytation 5成像讀板儀(Cytation 5 imaging plate reader,BioTek Instruments公司)進行影像化。細胞核及感染細胞之計算使用Cell Profiler影像分析軟體(美國Broad研究所)及定製之分析流程(analytics pipeline)進行。
(SARS-CoV-2之增殖及感染分析)
使自日本患者分離之SARS-CoV-2株(登錄號:EPI-ISL-481251,GISAID)於Vero E6細胞中增殖。感染後經過4天後,回收培養上清液,以2,000×g進行15分鐘之離心分離,藉此進行澄清化,在使用之前於-80℃下保存。
為了評價化合物之抗病毒活性,將Vero E6細胞接種至96孔培養盤,於適當濃度之各化合物之存在下培養1小時。其次,使細胞暴露於MOI 0.002之SARS-CoV-2,於化合物之存在下,於37℃下進行培養。2天後,使用4%PFA固定一晩。
感染了SARS-CoV-2之細胞係藉由使用兔子抗SARS-CoV N抗體作為一次抗體,使用Alexa Fluor 488標記山羊抗兔子IgG抗體作為二次抗體之螢光免疫染色來檢測。總細胞數之檢測係藉由使用Hoechst 33342色素之核染色進行。算出SARS-CoV-2感染細胞數(A1exa Fluor 488陽性細胞數)相對於總細胞數(Hoechst 33342陽性細胞數)之比率作為SARS-CoV-2感染率(%)。
藉由具備4×透鏡之Cytation5成像讀板儀,而使細胞影像化。細胞核及感染細胞之計算使用Cell Proffiler影像分析軟體及定製之分析流程進行。所有使用具有複製能力之SARS-CoV-2之實驗於長崎大學之生物安全等級3級(BSL3)之研究室進行。
(藥劑之組合分析)
為了調查藥劑併用之有效性,使用SynergyFinder(https://synergyfinder.fimm.fi/),對於雷洛昔芬與瑞德西韋或吡格列酮之各用量之組合,與單獨之各藥劑進行比較,算出對病毒感染之抑制率(%)。對化合物之組合之協同得分使用零交互作用效力(Zero Interaction Potency,ZIP)模型算出。於協同得分為(i)未達-10之情形時,判斷2種藥劑間之相互作用為拮抗之可能性較高,於為(ii)-10至10之情形時,判斷2種藥劑間之相互作用為累加之可能性較高,於為(iii)大於10之情形時,判斷2種藥劑間之相互作用為協同之可能性較高。
(假型VSV之產生與感染分析)
為了分析藥劑之作用機制,製作經SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白或SARS-CoV刺突蛋白擬型化,且VSV-G基因被螢火蟲螢光素酶(firefly luciferase)報導基因置換之水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)(有時分別稱作VSVΔG-SARS2-S、VSVΔG-SARS-S)。
合成C末端缺失19個胺基酸殘基之密碼子最佳化SARS-CoV-2 S基因及C末端缺失19個胺基酸殘基之密碼子最佳化SARS-CoV S基因,使用In-Fusion HD(Clontech公司)插入至pCAGGS表現質體。藉由磷酸鈣法,將編碼上述SARS-CoV-2 S基因或SARS-CoV-S基因之pCAGGS質體轉染至293T細胞。轉染1天後,使上述細胞感染經螢火蟲螢光素酶報導基因置換VSV-G基因所得之重組VSV(以後,有時稱為VSVΔG-VSV-G)1小時。感染1天後,採集上清液,藉由2,000×g離心分離15分鐘而進行澄清化,獲得VSVΔG-SARS2-S或VSVΔG-SARS-S。於使用之前於-80℃下進行保存。
作為針對所感染之病毒之污染物的對照,製造包膜上具有VSV糖蛋白(G)之VSV(以後,有時稱為VSV-G)。將編碼G基因之pCAGGS質體轉染至293T細胞,暴露於VSVΔG-VSV-G 1小時,經過1天後採集培養上清液,獲得VSV-G。
為了評價化合物對假型VSV感染之效果,將Vero E6細胞接種至96孔培養盤,於適當濃度之各化合物之存在下培養1小時。繼而,將細胞暴露於各假型VSV,於化合物之存在下,於37℃下進行培養。20小時後,使細胞溶解,使用SpectraMax iD5微型讀板儀(Molecular Device公司)測定螢光素酶活性。
(統計分析)
關於結果,為了決定統計有意義地性,繼Dunnett事後檢定(post hoc test)後,使用單向ANOVA進行分析。將p<0.05之差視為有意義差。分析係使用Windows用之GraphPad Prism軟體8.0版(GraphPad Software公司)進行。
[實驗例1]
(使用人類iPS細胞與SeV之抗RNA病毒藥之篩檢)
使用仙台病毒(SeV)及人類iPSC,實施用以鑑定對RNA病毒之治療藥之化合物篩檢。
SeV基因組包含3'前導序列與5'拖尾序列(trailer sequence),編碼按照核酸蛋白殼(N)、磷蛋白(P)、基質(M)、融合(F)、血球凝集素-神經胺糖酸酶(HN)、大聚合酶(L,large polymerase)之順序轉錄之6個基因。
為了排除產生其他能夠感染細胞之後代病毒之能力,去除F基因,製作於病毒基因組RNA之3'區域具有EGFP基因之SeV。圖1係表示所製作之SeV之基因組結構的示意圖。
又,製作來自健康人之人類iPSC。圖2係表示所製作之iPSC之核型分析結果的照片。使SeV感染該iPSC,測定EGFP陽性iPSC之個數,藉此構建測定病毒複製之分析系統。
圖3係表示化合物篩檢之時刻表之示意圖。圖4係表示化合物篩檢之概要之示意圖。於96孔培養盤中接種iPSC,24小時後添加10 μM之化合物培養3小時後,暴露於SeV。病毒感染48小時後測定EGFP陽性之細胞數,提取會使EGFP陽性細胞數之減少量多於陰性對象(未添加化合物)之化合物。又,亦測定DAPI陽性細胞數(總細胞數),結果較陰性對象大幅度減少之化合物被視為細胞毒性較強者,並被排除在外。而且,將EGFP陽性細胞數較少之前30個化合物作為命中化合物。
圖5、圖6係表示第一次篩檢結果之圖表。評價約500種化合物。圖5、圖6中,白色四邊形表示陰性對照(DMSO)。白色圓表示命中化合物中之雷洛昔芬、利福平、普倫司特、齊留通、吡格列酮。下述表2中示出命中化合物之清單。表2中,得分表示EGFP陽性細胞數(批次間之修正值)。
[表2]
編號 | 藥劑 | 作用機制 | 得分 |
1 | 鹽酸雷洛昔芬 | ERα促效劑/ERβ促效劑 | 57.97 |
2 | 鹽酸多保他命 | β1促效劑/β2促效劑 | 69.56 |
3 | 利福平 | RNA聚合酶抑制劑 | 75.36 |
4 | 鹽酸氯丙嗪 | DA拮抗劑 | 75.36 |
5 | 阿立哌唑 | 5HT促效劑/D促效劑 | 86.95 |
6 | 舒林酸 | COX-1抑制劑 | 127.53 |
7 | 延胡索酸喹硫平 | 5HT-2拮抗劑/D2拮抗劑 | 133.33 |
8 | 非洛地平(Felodipine) | L-Ca2+ 通道阻斷劑 | 133.33 |
9 | 多潘立酮(Domperidone) | D2拮抗劑/D3拮抗劑 | 139.13 |
10 | 紮魯司特(Zafirlukast) | CycLT1拮抗劑 | 156.52 |
11 | 普倫司特 | CycLT1拮抗劑 | 162.31 |
12 | 鹽酸苯氧苄胺 | α拮抗劑 | 162.31 |
13 | 吡格列酮 | PPARγ促效劑 | 173.91 |
14 | 氯甲苯噻嗪(Diazoxide) | ATP>K活化劑 | 173.91 |
15 | 順丁烯二酸吡拉明 | H1拮抗劑 | 185.50 |
16 | 尼可地樂(Nicorandil) | K+ 通道活化劑 | 185.50 |
17 | 鹽酸麥普替林 | NE吸收抑制劑 | 191.30 |
18 | 鹽酸阿米替林 | SNRI | 192.61 |
19 | 二鹽酸西替利嗪(Cetirizine Dihydrochloride) | H1促效劑 | 202.89 |
20 | 羅非昔布(Rofecoxib) | COX-2抑制劑 | 202.89 |
21 | 格列本脲(Glibenclamide) | ATP>K阻斷劑 | 202.89 |
22 | 前列腺素E2 | 前列腺素 | 208.69 |
23 | 塞來昔布(Celecoxib) | COX-2抑制劑 | 208.69 |
24 | 酒石酸艾芬地爾(Ifenprodil Tartrate) | NMDA拮抗劑 | 214.49 |
25 | 萘哌地爾(Naftopidil) | α1拮抗劑 | 214.49 |
26 | 齊留通 | 5-LOX抑制劑 | 214.49 |
27 | 鹽酸硫利達嗪 | D拮抗劑 | 217.78 |
28 | (+)-布他拉莫(Butaclamol)鹽酸鹽 | D拮抗劑 | 226.08 |
29 | 米諾地爾(Minoxidil) | ATP>K+ 通道活化劑 | 226.08 |
30 | 鹽酸非那剛 | H1拮抗劑 | 231.88 |
[實驗例2]
(利用FDA認可藥抑制病毒複製)
自命中化合物中選擇對心血管循環系統或中樞神經系統之影響較小之藥劑,對於以下分析,聚焦於作為選擇性雌激素受體調節劑(SERM)之雷洛昔芬、作為抗結核藥之利福平、作為CysLTl拮抗劑之普倫司特、作為PPARγ促效劑之吡格列酮、作為5-LOX抑制劑之齊留通這些目標不同之五種藥劑。
於24孔培養盤中接種iPSC,利用10 μM之各化合物培養3小時後,使其感染SeV。病毒感染24小時後,自iPSC提取RNA,使用定量RT-PCR法測定EGFP之mRNA量。
圖7(a)表示添加了雷洛昔芬、利福平、普倫司特、吡格列酮或齊留通之細胞(均為10 μM,n=3)之測定結果,圖7(b)表示添加了對COVID-19之應用得到FDA批准之RNA依賴性RNA聚合酶抑制劑即瑞德西韋之細胞(1 μM,n=3)之測定結果。圖7(a)及(b)中,「媒液」表示作為陰性對照之DMSO之存在下之結果。又,圖表表示平均±標準誤差,「*」表示p<0.005且存在有意義差。
首先,如圖7(b)所示,於添加了瑞德西韋之細胞中,實質上未檢測出EGFP之mRNA。藉此表明,於上述使用iPSC與SeV之分析系統中,可以良好感度檢測出藥劑對RNA依賴性RNA聚合酶之影響。其次,由圖7(a)可知,藉由添加雷洛昔芬、利福平、普倫司特、吡格列酮或齊留通,EGFP之mRNA量亦有意義地且大幅度減少。該結果表明,該等命中化合物能夠抑制病毒之RNA合成活性或其上游之病毒生命週期之進程(step)。
繼而,評價該等藥劑對SeV感染之用量依賴性。圖8(a)~(f)分別為表示瑞德西韋、雷洛昔芬、利福平、普倫司特、吡格列酮及齊留通之用量依賴性之圖表。
其結果,瑞德西韋於IC5 0
值0.077μ
M時降低了SeV之感染率。藉此表明,本分析系統可用作為藥劑之RNA病毒感染抑制效果之評價系統。又,明確了雷洛昔芬、利福平、普倫司特、吡格列酮、齊留通分別顯示出4.3 μM、3.9 μM、5.0 μM、4.9 μM、4.5 μM之IC50
值,具用量依賴性地降低SeV之感染率。
因此,表明與瑞德西韋同樣地,雷洛昔芬、利福平、普倫司特、吡格列酮、齊留通亦可有效地抑制作為RNA病毒其中1種之仙台病毒對細胞之感染。
[實驗例3]
(使用伊波拉病毒生命週期模型系統之化合物之評價)
為了評價所選擇之化合物之抗病毒活性,使用不同於野生型病毒、無需生物安全等級4級(BSL4)實驗室、且具有轉錄及複製能力之類病毒粒子(trVLP)系統評價抗伊波拉病毒活性。
於各種濃度之各化合物之存在下,將源自人類肝臟之Huh7細胞暴露於表現GFP報導基因之伊波拉trVLP,測定感染細胞數及細胞存活率。
圖9(a)~(f)係分別表示瑞德西韋、雷洛昔芬、利福平、普倫司特、吡格列酮及齊留通之用量依賴性之圖表。其結果,作為伊波拉病毒感染症之治療藥所開發之核苷酸類似物即瑞德西韋強力地抑制伊波拉trVLP感染,IC5 0
值為0.12 μM,表明本分析系統之有效性。
又,雷洛昔芬亦具用量依賴性地降低伊波拉trVLP之感染率,IC5 0
值為0.88 μM。進而,於感染抑制之活性與細胞毒性之間確認到顯著之背離,因此表明具有特異之抗病毒效果。相對於此,利福平、普倫司特、吡格列酮、齊留通未顯示顯著之抗病毒活性。
以上之結果顯示,雷洛昔芬能夠成為伊波拉病毒感染之預防或治療藥。
[實驗例4]
(化合物對SARS-CoV-2之評價)
使用SARS-CoV-2對所選擇之化合物之抗病毒活性進行評價。於各種濃度之各化合物之存在下,使Vero E6細胞暴露於野生型SARS-CoV-2,其後,使用免疫染色法定量感染細胞數,確定細胞存活率。
圖10(a)~(f)分別為表示瑞德西韋、雷洛昔芬、利福平、普倫司特、吡格列酮及齊留通之用量依賴性之圖表。其結果,對COVID-19之應用得到FDA批准之瑞德西韋於0.89 μM之IC5 0
值時減少了SARS-CoV-2之感染率。
如圖10(b)所示,雷洛昔芬於7.1 μM之IC50
值時具用量依賴性地降低SARS-CoV-2之感染率。又,吡格列酮以高濃度部分地抑制病毒感染。相對於此,利福平及普倫司特呈現降低SARS-CoV-2之感染率之趨勢,但無有效性,齊留通未顯示出有意義之抗病毒活性。
以上之結果表明,雷洛昔芬及吡格列酮能夠成為SARS-CoV-2感染症之預防或治療藥。
繼而,使用Synergy Finder,研究雷洛昔芬與瑞德西韋、雷洛昔芬與吡格列酮、及吡格列酮與瑞德西韋之併用效果(Ianevski A, Giri AK and Aittokallio T (2020) Synergy Finder 2.0: visual analytics of multi-drug combination synergies. Nucleic Acids Res 48, W488-W493, 2020.)。
對於雷洛昔芬與瑞德西韋、雷洛昔芬與吡格列酮、吡格列酮與瑞德西韋之兩種化合物之各自組合,分別於各種濃度之各化合物之存在下,將Vero E6細胞暴露於野生型SARS-CoV-2,其後,使用免疫染色法定量感染細胞數,確定細胞存活率,研究併用效果。
圖11為關於雷洛昔芬與瑞德西韋之併用之用量反應矩陣圖與三維綜效圖。於協同得分為(i)未達-10之情形時,表明2種藥劑間之相互作用為拮抗之可能性較高,於為(ii)-10至10之情形時,表明2種藥劑間之相互作用為累加之可能性較高,於為(iii)大於10之情形時,表明2種藥劑間之相互作用為協同之可能性較高。
其結果明確,雷洛昔芬與瑞德西韋於特定濃度下表現協同之抗病毒效果。ZIP協同得分為6.91,最高協同得分為30.09。
圖12為關於雷洛昔芬與吡格列酮之併用之用量反應矩陣圖與三維綜效圖。其結果明確,雷洛昔芬與吡格列酮亦於特定濃度下表現協同之抗病毒效果。ZIP協同得分為4.49,最高協同得分為12.42。
圖13為關於吡格列酮與瑞德西韋之併用之用量反應矩陣圖與三維綜效圖。其結果明確,吡格列酮與瑞德西韋亦於特定濃度下表現協同之抗病毒效果。ZIP協同得分為8.85,最高協同得分為30.42。
以上結果顯著表明,若分別併用雷洛昔芬與瑞德西韋、雷洛昔芬與吡格列酮、吡格列酮與瑞德西韋,則產生協同效應,發揮非常高之抗病毒效果。
[實驗例5]
(SERM對SARS-CoV-2感染之效果)
如上所述,於上述所選擇之化合物中,雷洛昔芬對伊波拉病毒及SARS-CoV-2兩者表現抗病毒活性。雷洛昔芬為FDA批准之癌症治療藥之一種,為選擇性雌激素受體調節劑(SERM)之一種。
因此,首先,使用trVLP系統,研究除雷洛昔芬以外之SERM即他莫昔芬、托瑞米芬、克樂米芬是否抑制伊波拉trVLP感染。於各種濃度之各化合物之存在下,將源自人類肝臟之Huh7細胞暴露於表現GFP報導基因之伊波拉trVLP,測定感染細胞數及細胞存活率。圖14(a)~(c)分別為表示他莫昔芬、托瑞米芬、克樂米芬之用量依賴性之圖表。其結果,確認到他莫昔芬、托瑞米芬、克樂米芬均抑制伊波拉trVLP感染。
繼而,使用SARS-CoV-2評價他莫昔芬、托瑞米芬、克樂米芬之抗病毒活性。於各種濃度之各化合物之存在下,將Vero E6細胞暴露於野生型SARS-CoV-2,其後,使用免疫染色法定量感染細胞數,確定細胞存活率。
圖15(a)~(c)分別為表示他莫昔芬、托瑞米芬、克樂米芬之用量依賴性之圖表。其結果明確,他莫昔芬、托瑞米芬、克樂米芬分別於10.9 μM、10.0 μM、6.7 μM之IC5 0
值時,顯示出抑制Vero E6細胞中之SARS-CoV-2感染之效果。
以上結果表明,雷洛昔芬、他莫昔芬、托瑞米芬、克樂米芬均能夠成為SARS-CoV-2感染症之預防或治療藥。進而,強力教示SERM能夠成為SARS-CoV-2感染症之預防或治療藥。
[實驗例6]
(SERM之抗病毒效果之機制分析)
對SERM之抗病毒效果之機制進行分析。關於SARS-CoV-2等冠狀病毒,包含病毒基因組RNA之病毒核心被由脂質雙層與外膜蛋白所構成之包膜(外膜)包圍。關於SARS-CoV-2,上述外膜蛋白之1種即刺突蛋白與宿主細胞之細胞膜上之受體結合,1)藉由內噬作用入侵至細胞內後,包膜與胞內體膜融合,病毒基因組被釋放至細胞內,或者,2)刺突蛋白藉由存在於細胞膜上之宿主蛋白酶而活化,包膜與細胞膜融合,藉此病毒基因組被釋放至細胞內,感染完成。
因此,製作具有螢光素酶基因且進而具有SARS-CoV-2之刺突蛋白作為刺突蛋白之假型水泡性口炎病毒(VSVΔG-SARS2-S),或製作具有SARS-CoV之刺突蛋白作為刺突蛋白之假型水泡性口炎病毒(VSVΔG-SARS-S)(圖16),研究SERM是否抑制上述假型VSV對宿主細胞之入侵。又,為了進行比較,使用具有螢光素酶基因且包膜上具有VSV糖蛋白(G)之水泡性口炎病毒(VSV-G),進行同樣之研究。
圖17(a)~(c)表示於雷洛昔芬、托瑞米芬或克樂米芬之存在下將Vero E6細胞培養1小時後,暴露於上述假型VSV,測定細胞溶解後之螢光素酶活性所得之結果。橫軸表示各藥劑之處理濃度,縱軸表示相對於藥劑未處理群中獲得之螢光素酶活性的相對值。如圖17(a)~(c)所示,雷洛昔芬、托瑞米芬、克樂米芬分別於3.9 μM、5.3 μM、4.4 μM之IC50
值時抑制VSVΔG-SARS2-S之感染。又,雷洛昔芬、托瑞米芬、克樂米芬分別於4.1 μM、7.3 μM、5.8 μM之IC50
值時抑制具有SARS-CoV刺突蛋白(SARS-CoV-S)之假型VSV之感染。然而,對VSV-G未確認到感染抑制效果。
因此表明,原本雷洛昔芬、托瑞米芬、克樂米芬均無法抑制水泡性口炎病毒對於宿主細胞之入侵,但若SARS–CoV-2或SARS-CoV-2之刺突蛋白於該包膜上表現,則上述藥劑將有效抑制對宿主細胞之入侵。
以上結果教示:SERM藉由抑制經病原性冠狀病毒之病毒刺突蛋白介導之對宿主細胞之入侵,來發揮抗病毒效果。圖18為表示SERM之抗病毒效果之機制(一部分)之示意圖。認為SERM有可能破壞包含病毒粒子之胞內體內之離子恆常性,阻礙用於將病毒核心釋放至宿主細胞的細胞質之膜融合。
下述表3彙總了各化合物對病毒之效果。表3中,「+」表示抑制病毒感染,「-」表示未抑制病毒感染,「N.S.」表示顯現出感染抑制趨勢但不明顯(Not Significant),「N.D.」表示未進行試驗(Not Determined)。
[表3]
[產業上之可利用性]
病毒 | 化合物 | ||||||||
雷洛昔芬 | 利福平 | 普倫司特 | 齊留通 | 吡格列酮 | 他莫昔芬 | 托瑞米芬 | 克樂米芬 | ||
正向單鏈RNA病毒 | |||||||||
冠狀病毒科 | SARS-CoV | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
SARS-CoV-2 | + | N.S. | N.S. | - | + | + | + | + | |
MERS-CoV | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | |
黃病毒科 | 登革熱病毒 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
茲卡病毒 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | |
C型肝炎病毒 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | |
反向單股RNA病毒 | |||||||||
副黏液病毒科 | 仙台病毒 | + | + | + | + | + | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
絲狀病毒科 | 伊波拉病毒 | + | - | - | - | - | + | + | + |
正黏液病毒科 | 流感病毒 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
根據本發明,可提供RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療藥。
無
[圖1]係表示實驗例1中製作之仙台病毒(SeV)之基因組結構的示意圖。
[圖2]係表示實驗例1中製作之人類誘導性富潛能幹細胞(iPSC)之核型分析之結果的照片。
[圖3]係表示實驗例1中進行之化合物篩檢之時刻表的示意圖。
[圖4]係表示實驗例1中進行之化合物篩檢之概要的示意圖。
[圖5]係表示實驗例1中之第一次篩檢結果之圖表。
[圖6]係表示實驗例1中之第一次篩檢結果之圖表。
[圖7](a)及(b)係表示實驗例2中之定量RT-PCR之結果的圖表。
[圖8](a)~(f)係表示實驗例2中評價之各藥劑對SeV感染之用量依賴性的圖表。
[圖9](a)~(f)係表示實驗例3中評價之各藥劑對類伊波拉病毒粒子(伊波拉trVLP)感染之用量依賴性的圖表。
[圖10](a)~(f)係表示實驗例4中評價之各藥劑對SARS-CoV-2感染之用量依賴性的圖表。
[圖11]係實驗例4中評價之雷洛昔芬與瑞德西韋之併用對SARS-CoV-2感染之用量反應矩陣圖與三維綜效圖。
[圖12]係於實驗例4中評價之雷洛昔芬與吡格列酮之併用對SARS-CoV-2感染之用量反應矩陣圖與三維綜效圖。
[圖13]係於實驗例4中評價之吡格列酮與瑞德西韋之併用對SARS-CoV-2感染之用量反應矩陣圖與三維綜效圖。
[圖14](a)~(c)係分別表示實驗例5中評價之他莫昔芬、托瑞米芬及克樂米芬對伊波拉trVLP感染之用量依賴性的圖表。
[圖15](a)~(c)係分別表示實驗例5中評價之他莫昔芬、托瑞米芬及克樂米芬對SARS-CoV-2感染之用量依賴性的圖表。
[圖16]係表示實驗例6中製作之假型水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)之結構的示意圖。
[圖17](a)~(c)係分別表示實驗例6中評價之雷洛昔芬、托瑞米芬及克樂米芬對假型VSV感染之用量依賴性的圖。
[圖18]係表示實驗例6所示之選擇性雌激素受體調節劑(SERM)之抗病毒效果之機制(一部分)的示意圖。
Claims (13)
- 一種RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其以選自由選擇性雌激素受體調節劑、抗結核藥、CysLTl受體拮抗劑、過氧化物酶體增殖物活化受體γ(PPARγ,Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ)促效劑、花生四烯酸5-脂肪加氧酶(5-LOX,Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase)抑制劑、其等之衍生物、其等之藥學上容許之鹽及其等之藥學上容許之溶劑合物所組成之群中之至少一種化合物為有效成分。
- 如請求項1之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述選擇性雌激素受體調節劑為雷洛昔芬(Raloxifene)、他莫昔芬(Tamoxifen)、托瑞米芬(Toremifene)或克樂米芬(Clomiphene)。
- 如請求項2之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述他莫昔芬為檸檬酸他莫昔芬(Tamoxifen Citrate)之形態。
- 如請求項2之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述托瑞米芬為檸檬酸托瑞米芬(Toremifene Citrate)之形態。
- 如請求項1之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述抗結核藥為利福平(Rifampin)。
- 如請求項1之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述CysLT1受體拮抗劑為普倫司特(Pranlukast)。
- 如請求項1之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述PPARγ促效劑為吡格列酮(Pioglitazone)。
- 如請求項1之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述5-LOX抑制劑為齊留通(Zileuton)。
- 如請求項1至8中任一項之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述RNA病毒為屬於選自由冠狀病毒科、絲狀病毒科及副黏液病毒科所組成之群中之科之至少1種病毒。
- 如請求項9之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其中,上述RNA病毒為選自由嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒2(SERS-CoV-2)、伊波拉病毒及仙台病毒所組成之群中之至少1種病毒。
- 如請求項1至8中任一項之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其以雷洛昔芬及吡格列酮為有效成分。
- 如請求項1至8中任一項之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其進而包含瑞德西韋,且以雷洛昔芬及瑞德西韋為有效成分。
- 如請求項1至8中任一項之RNA病毒相關疾病之預防或治療劑,其進而包含瑞德西韋,且以吡格列酮及瑞德西韋為有效成分。
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US (1) | US20230147364A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP4162952A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPWO2021221111A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW202206058A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2021221111A1 (zh) |
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EP4129287A1 (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2023-02-08 | Dompe' Farmaceutici S.P.A. | Raloxifene for use in the treatment of sars-cov-2 variants infections |
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IL105090A (en) * | 1992-03-18 | 1998-08-16 | Us Bioscience | Acid N) phosphonoacetyl (Aspartic L in a broad spectrum antiviral agent |
US20040175384A1 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2004-09-09 | Mohapatra Shyam S. | Protein kinase C as a target for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus |
CN101351206A (zh) * | 2006-01-04 | 2009-01-21 | 国立大学法人东京医科齿科大学 | 肝病治疗剂及肝功能改善剂 |
CN102655859A (zh) * | 2009-10-14 | 2012-09-05 | 格穆斯药业股份有限公司 | 病毒感染的组合疗法治疗 |
US10434116B2 (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2019-10-08 | University Of Maryland, Baltimore | Methods of treating coronavirus infection |
JP6528314B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-20 | 2019-06-12 | 国立大学法人山口大学 | A(H1N1)pdm09インフルエンザウイルス感染による気管支喘息の予防又は改善剤 |
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- 2021-04-28 EP EP21797818.8A patent/EP4162952A4/en active Pending
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JPWO2021221111A1 (zh) | 2021-11-04 |
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