TW202142762A - Method of installing a support for supporting a load structure, such as a wind turbine, on, for instance, a sea bed - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of installing a support for supporting a load structure, such as a wind turbine, a transformer platform, an oil or gas platform, thereon on a bed, floor or bottom of a sea, ocean, lake, harbor or river. The method comprises positioning, on the bed, floor or bottom, a pile guiding frame comprising at least three pile holding sections, wherein each pile holding section allows guiding and maintaining a pile along a pile guiding direction in a vertical orientation, and neighbouring and/or opposing pile holding sections are interconnected by mutually crossing diagonal cross beams; driving a pile through each pile holding section into the bed, floor or bottom such that each pile projects in an upward direction out of the bed, floor or bottom and out of its associated pile holding section over a projection length in the range of 1 – 10 times a diameter of the piles, and providing a jointly rigid structure of the pile holding frame and the piles; and providing a jacket on the piles projecting out of the pile holding sections.

Description

Method for installing a support for supporting a load structure such as a wind generator on the seabed, for example

The present invention relates to a support for supporting a load structure such as a wind turbine or transformer platform or an oil or natural gas platform installed on the bed, bottom surface, or bottom of, for example, the sea, ocean, lake, port, or river method. The invention also relates to offshore supports and their components, as well as methods for providing such load-bearing structures on the bed, bottom surface, or bottom.

With the increase in energy demand, there has been great interest in installing offshore structures in recent years, which are used to support wind turbine and transformer platforms, as well as oil and gas platforms. A common form of offshore support structure consists of an independent multi-leg unit composed of an offshore sheath made of steel, which is pierced into pre-driven or otherwise embedded piles or has post-driven piles , And then grouted to fix it to the seabed.

The sheath is produced and assembled on land, and then transported to an offshore base for installation. In view of the considerable size of the sheath, which can reach a height of tens of meters, the production, assembly, inventory, logistics and unloading, transportation, and installation of these structures involve a lot of resources and a lot of costs.

Usually, before installing the sheath, a multi-purpose piling frame called "piling template" is used to drive the piles with the function of fixing the sheath to the seabed by hammering into the seabed. The "piling template" is used after the piling operation is completed. Will be removed. The use of this kind of multi-purpose formwork means that in addition to the transportation, storage, and handling of large offshore sheaths, a considerable amount of additional temporary resources must be provided.

Generally, after removing the piling template and before installing the offshore sheathing, due to its limited extension above the seabed, the seabed material for the pre-driving piles needs to be emptied to a length long enough to accommodate the offshore sheathing. The poke-in part of the sleeve.

If a small number of wind turbines are to be installed in the upcoming wind farm (also known as wind farm or wind energy farm), the use of multi-purpose piling formwork that needs to be removed after the piling operation will mean that it is related to production, inventory, and transportation. , Economic and logistics costs related to installation/disassembly. In addition, using a multi-purpose piling template as a template for installing piles means that the coverage area width of multiple sheaths to be installed is constrained by the geometry of the multi-purpose piling template used to install the sheath. In addition, the use of a multi-purpose piling template as a template for installing piles requires a complex system of measuring and adjusting the entire frame to adapt to any unevenness of the seabed to achieve consistent verticality of the piles.

For example, when installing an offshore wind farm, multiple individual wind turbines should be installed on the seabed, and the depth below the sea surface may vary in the entire wind farm. In order to be able to install the wind turbine at the same height relative to the water surface, the sea depth must be taken into account, which will require the foundation of a sheath of various heights. Today, this involves a jacket made specifically for a single wind turbine, which is expensive and inefficient.

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome at least some of the above-mentioned disadvantages of known methods and devices.

Another or alternative object of the present invention is to provide an alternative solution for producing, assembling, storing, loading, transporting, and/or installing a supporting structure including a sheath on the seabed, for example, wherein the sheath can support It is not limited to structures such as wind turbines, oil platforms, natural gas platforms, and/or transformer platforms.

A further or alternative purpose of the present invention is to allow multiple jackets of a wind farm to be installed without the use of expensive and complicated multi-purpose piling templates.

Another or alternative purpose of the present invention is to allow the installation of a sheath whose size is smaller than that of a traditional sheath. Compared with the sheath that is usually installed, the use of smaller and lighter units can reduce production, assembly, inventory, and transportation. , Installation, and disassembly costs.

A further or alternative purpose of the present invention is to allow the installation of a sheath, wherein the height of the sheath, relative to, for example, the seabed, may be adapted to allow proper installation at various depths relative to the water surface.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for installing a support member for supporting a load structure, such as a wind power generator, on a bed, bottom surface, or bottom of, for example, a sea, ocean, lake, port, or river Or a transformer platform or an oil or gas platform. The method includes the following steps: a pile guide frame is arranged on the bed, the bottom surface, or the bottom, wherein the pile guide frame includes at least three pile holders, optionally located around the outer side of the pile guide frame, each pile holder The part allows a pile to be guided and held in a substantially vertical orientation along a guide direction of a pile, and the adjacent and/or opposite pile holding parts are interconnected through diagonal beams that cross each other; Drill into the bed, bottom surface, or bottom through each pile holding portion of the pile guide frame, so that each pile protrudes from the bed, bottom surface, or bottom in an upward direction, and extends from each pile holding portion Because the pile holding portion associated therewith exceeds a protruding length, and a common rigid structure is provided between the pile holding frame and the piles drilled into the bed, bottom surface, or bottom through each pile holding portion, Wherein the protruding length is 1 to 10 times, or optionally in the range of 2 to 5 times a diameter of the piles; and, a sheath is provided on the piles protruding from the pile holding portion, providing A sheath is extended from the pile holding portion on the piles, and the sheath is fixed to the piles so that the piles bear the load of the sheath and the load supported by the sheath Structural load.

In one embodiment, each pile is fixed to its associated pile holding part to provide a common rigid structure.

In an embodiment, each pile is fixed to the associated pile holding part at a position where a pair of angled beams are connected to the associated pile holding part.

In one embodiment, each pile is fixed to the pile holding portion associated therewith at each position where a pair of angled beams are connected to the associated pile holding portion.

In one embodiment, each pile is fixed to the pile holding part of the pile holding frame at a top end and a bottom end of a respective pile holding part.

In one embodiment, adjacent and/or opposite pile holding parts are interconnected by two diagonal beams that cross each other, and each pile is connected at a top end and a bottom end of a respective pile holding part.

In an embodiment, the longitudinal direction of each respective diagonal beam and the pile guiding direction of a pile holding portion connected to the respective beam are enclosed within a range of 25 to 65 degrees, optionally 35 to An angle of 55 degrees.

In an embodiment, the horizontal beams are arranged between adjacent and/or opposed pile holding parts, and are connected to respective pile holding parts at the positions where a pair of corner beams are connected to the pile holding parts.

In one embodiment, the bottom end of the sheath is arranged on the pile.

In an embodiment, the bottom end of the sheath includes downwardly protruding spikes, optionally located around the outer side of the sheath, and each spike is arranged to be connected to a top end of an associated pile of a common rigid structure.

In one embodiment, each spike is inserted into the inner circumference of the associated post.

In one embodiment, each post is inserted into the inner circumference of the spines, wherein the spines have a hollow cylindrical shape.

In one embodiment, the sheath includes a sheath supporting skirt, each spike is connected to a sheath supporting skirt, and the sheath is arranged on the piles, so that each sheath supports the skirt Support on the associated pile.

In an embodiment, the pile holder includes a hollow column, which is optionally equipped with a centering device and a pile thorn cone that tapers upward at a top end of each pile holder, when the pile-driving operation is in progress. When the associated pile is pierced into the respective pile holding portion, guidance is provided for the associated pile.

In an embodiment, the pile guide frame is provided with a foot at each pile holding portion for supporting the pile guide frame on the bed, the bottom surface, or the bottom, and the footing may optionally include a foot for adjusting each pile A system of a vertical position of the holding part in order to achieve the verticality of all pile holding parts.

In an embodiment, the piles drilled into the bed, the bottom surface, or the bottom are fixed to the associated pile holding portion of the pile guide frame by at least one of a grouting connection or a mechanical connection.

In one embodiment, at least one spike of the sheath is fixed to its associated element by at least one of a grout connection or a mechanical connection.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a load structure (such as a wind turbine or transformer platform or a petroleum platform) on a bed, bottom surface, or bottom of a sea, ocean, lake, port, or river, for example. Or natural gas platform), the method includes the method of installing an offshore support according to any one of the preceding claims, and the step of arranging the load knot on the sheath of the offshore support structure.

In another aspect, at least one of the above-mentioned purposes is through a sheath for supporting a load structure (for example, on a bed, bottom surface, or bottom of a sea, ocean, lake, port, or river). For example, a wind turbine or transformer platform or an oil or natural gas platform) and used in the aforementioned support installation method, wherein the sheath is configured to be arranged on a common rigid structure of a pile guide frame, and the pile guides The frame includes at least three pile holding parts, optionally located around an outer side of the pile guiding frame, each pile holding part is allowed to guide and hold a pile in a substantially vertical orientation along a pile guiding direction, and is adjacent to and /Or the pile holding parts opposed to each other are interconnected by diagonal beams that cross each other; and, piles used to penetrate each pile holding part of the pile guide frame and drill into the bed, the bottom surface, or the bottom , So that each pile protrudes from the bed, bottom surface, or bottom in an upward direction, and extends from each pile holding portion to the associated pile holding portion for more than an extension length, wherein the extension length is between 1 and 10 times, optionally in the range of 2 to 5 times the diameter of the piles, and are arranged on the piles of the common rigid structure, so that the piles bear the load of the sheath and the The load of the load structure supported on the sheath.

In one embodiment, the sheath includes at least three, optionally inclined, interconnected columns, with an optional position around the outside, and each column is configured to provide access to the bed, bottom surface, or bottom of the drill So that the load of the sheath is supported on the drill bed, bottom surface, or bottom pile.

In an embodiment, the sheath includes spikes arranged at the bottom end of each post. Optionally, the spikes are arranged around the outer periphery of the sheath, wherein each spike is configured to be arranged at the top of an associated pile , Or at the top of the fixed part of the associated pile.

In one embodiment, the at least one spike of the sheath is configured to be fixed to the associated pile in the drilling bed, bottom surface, or bottom through at least one of a grouting connection or a mechanical connection.

In one embodiment, the spikes are configured to fit in an inner circumference of the associated pile.

In one embodiment, the spikes have a hollow cylindrical shape, and are configured to allow the upper part of the associated post to be inserted therein, so that each of the posts is assembled on one of the associated spikes. In the inner circumference.

In an embodiment, the at least one spike includes a sheath support skirt that protrudes from at least a portion of the outer periphery of the at least one spike in a substantially radial direction, and is configured to be associated with the Pile coupling.

In one embodiment, the sheath system is configured to extend at least partially from the bed, the bottom surface, or the surface of a large amount of water above the bottom (for example, sea, ocean, lake, port, or river) in its installation configuration.

In one embodiment, the sheath system is configured to remain completely under the surface of the bed, bottom surface, or a large amount of water (such as sea, ocean, lake, port, or river) above the bed, bottom surface, or bottom in its installation configuration.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a pile guide frame used in the above method of installing a support member, wherein the pile guide frame includes a pile holder, optionally located at an outer periphery of the pile guide frame, each Each pile holding part allows a pile to be guided and held in a substantially vertical orientation along a pile guiding direction, and the adjacent and/or opposite pile holding parts are interconnected by diagonal beams that cross each other.

In an embodiment, the pile holding portion includes a hollow column, which is optionally equipped with a centering device fitting and an upwardly tapering thorn cone at the top end of each pile holding portion, which will be used during the piling operation. When the associated piles are pierced into the respective pile holding parts, guidance is provided for the associated piles.

In an embodiment, the pile guide frame includes at least three pile holding parts, which are configured such that a periphery formed by each pile holding part forms a polygonal shape.

In one embodiment, adjacent and/or opposite pile holding parts are interconnected by two diagonal beams that cross each other, and each pile is connected at a top end and a bottom end of a respective pile holding part.

In an embodiment, the pile holding parts have substantially the same length, and the bottom ends of the pile holding parts are configured to be coplanar with a plane formed by the bed, bottom surface, or bottom.

In an embodiment, the longitudinal direction of each respective diagonal beam and the pile guiding direction of a pile holding portion connected to the respective beam are enclosed within a range of 25 to 65 degrees, optionally 35 to An angle of 55 degrees.

In an embodiment, the horizontal beams are arranged between adjacent and/or opposed pile holding parts, and are connected to respective pile holding parts at the positions where a pair of corner beams are connected to the pile holding parts.

In one embodiment, in order to adapt to unevenness of the bed, bottom surface, or bottom, the bottom end of at least one pile holding portion is no longer bounded by the bottom ends of the remaining pile holding portions that are different from the at least one pile holding portion. In a plane formed.

In an embodiment, the pile guide frame is provided with a foot at each pile holding portion for supporting the pile guide frame on the bed, the bottom surface, or the bottom, and the footing may optionally include a foot for adjusting each pile A system of a vertical position of the holding part in order to achieve the verticality of all pile holding parts.

In yet another aspect, at least one of the above-mentioned objects is achieved by a pile used in the above-mentioned method of installing an offshore support structure, the pile has a substantially cylindrical shape and is configured to support a The load of the sheath and the load of any structure installed on it.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a structure for supporting a load (such as a wind generator or a transformer platform or a Oil or gas platform). The supporting structure includes a pile guide frame, wherein the pile guide frame is arranged on the bed, the bottom surface, or the bottom, and includes at least three pile holders, optionally located around the outer side of the pile guide frame, each of the pile holders It is allowed to guide and hold a pile in a substantially vertical orientation along a guide direction of a pile, and the adjacent and/or opposite pile holding parts are interconnected through diagonal beams that cross each other. The supporting structure further includes piles, wherein each pile system is arranged to penetrate through each of the pile holding portions of the pile holding frame to be drilled into the bed so that each pile moves from the bed in an upward direction , The bottom surface, or the bottom projecting, and from each pile holding part to the pile holding part connected to it more than a projecting length, and the projecting length is 1 to 10 times, or optional 2 to 5 Times the diameter of the piles, and the pile holding frame and the piles drilled into the bed, bottom surface, or bottom through each pile holding portion provide a common rigid structure. In addition, the supporting structure includes a sheath, wherein the sheath is disposed on the piles drilled into the seabed, bottom surface, or bottom, and is fixed to the piles so that the piles will bear the protection of the sheath. The load and the load of the load structure supported on the sheath.

The following detailed description is about installing a support structure 100 for supporting a load structure such as a wind turbine or transformer platform or an oil or gas platform on the bed, bottom surface, or bottom of, for example, the sea, ocean, lake, port, or river. Methods. The embodiments will be described with reference to the "sea bed", but these embodiments are generally also applicable to oceans, lakes, ports, river beds, or floors or bottoms, or any other related beds, bottoms, or bottom surfaces, etc. The embodiment will be further described with reference to "offshore", but it is generally applied to an offshore location, port, port or equivalent, or any other related location.

Figures 1A, 1B, and 2B schematically show a top view and a front view (Figures 1A and 1B) and an isometric view (Figure 2A) of an embodiment of the offshore support 100, which can be used by the present invention. Method to install. The offshore support structure 100 includes an offshore sheath 10, a pile guide frame 20, and a plurality of piles 30 passing through a pile holding portion 21 of the pile guide frame 20. These piles are configured to support the load of the offshore sheath 10 and any load structure (such as a wind generator) installed on it. The offshore sheath 10 includes at least three columns 12, which are interconnected by a plurality of beams (or brackets). The pile guide frame 20 includes the same number of pile holders 21 as the columns of the offshore sheath 10 on its outer periphery, which are interconnected with the horizontal beams 26 through diagonal cross beams 25. Each of the plurality of pile holding portions 21 is configured to restrict the pile 30 in the horizontal direction, thereby maintaining the pile in a substantially vertical orientation. Optionally, each pile holding portion 21 includes a pile thorn cone 22 at the top of each pile holding portion, and the pile thorn cone 22 is used when the associated pile is pierced into the respective pile holding portion during the piling operation. Provide guidance to the associated pile 30.

The components of the offshore support structure 100, that is, the pile guide frame 20, the pile 30, and the offshore sheath 10, are transported to the offshore installation site on a ship or barge, and are installed there by a crane or the like On the sea bed. As shown in FIG. 3A, the pile guide frame 20 is lowered onto the seabed. In the illustrated embodiment, the pile guide frame 20 includes at least three interconnected pile holders 21 at the outer periphery of the pile guide frame 20, wherein the bottom end of the pile holder constitutes the periphery of the adjacent seabed, which may have Any regular or irregular polygonal shape reflects the shape of the offshore sheath to be set on the piles. The pile holding parts 21 are interconnected through the diagonal beam 25 and the horizontal beam 26 to maintain the mutually fixed position and parallelism between the pile holding parts and provide rigidity.

The pile guide frame 20 is used during piling operations to eliminate the use of movable piling templates. In addition, the pile guide frame 20 provides stiffness and strength to the pile. The use of such a permanent pile guide frame 20 allows the spacing of the plurality of piles used to support the offshore sheath 10 to be customized to suit the water depth and seabed conditions of each individual location.

In the illustrated embodiment, the pile guide frame 20 includes feet 23 that are configured to contact the seabed and provide stability to the pile guide frame 20. The footing 23 includes a system for adjusting the vertical position of each pile holding portion 21 to realize the verticality of the pile 30 and the final support structure 100 according to the unevenness of the seabed at the installation position. The foot 23 may be provided corresponding to each of the pile holding parts 21, or may be positioned on the outside or inside of the circumference formed by the bottom end of the pile holding part. In these cases, the footing 23 is connected to the pile guide frame 20 by a bracket or an equivalent.

The present invention includes all embodiments in which the number of pile holding parts is greater than two, that is, the present invention is not limited to the three pile holding parts 21 shown in the embodiment in FIGS. 1A to 2D, or in FIGS. 3A to 3A. The four pile holders 21 shown in the embodiment in 4B.

In another embodiment, the pile holding portion 21 has substantially the same length, and is configured such that the bottom end of the holding portion is coplanar with the plane formed by the sea bed in the vicinity of the sea bed. However, in an alternative embodiment, in the case where the seabed is uneven or inclined, the pile holding portion may have a different length.

Each pile holding portion 21 is configured to allow the guidance of the pile 30 and maintain a substantially vertical orientation along the guiding direction G. In the illustrated embodiment, the pile holder 21 includes a hollow column, which is configured to receive the piles, and is equipped with a centering device accessory to poke the associated piles into the respective piles during the piling operation. When the pile holding part, guide the associated pile. In addition, the pile holder 21 is equipped with a device for permanent fixation to the pile by grouting or alternative mechanical fixing (for example, by using a wedge or hydraulic piston to clamp the pile in the respective pile holder). system. In particular, the pile 30 is fixed to the pile holding portion 21 at the top and bottom ends of the pile holding portion 21 and at the position A where the diagonal beam 25 is connected to the associated pile holding portion to guide the frame 20 to the pile. The structure and the piles 30 passing through and fixed to the pile holding parts provide strength and rigidity. By connecting the diagonal beams 25 to the top and bottom ends of the respective pile holding parts, strength and rigidity can be further provided, and the longitudinal direction of each respective diagonal beam 25 and the connection with the respective beams The pile guiding direction G of the pile holding portion 21 encloses an angle α, which is in the range of 25 to 65 degrees, and optionally in the range of 35 to 55 degrees. The pile guide frame 20 also has horizontal beams 26 which are connected between the pile holding portions at those positions connected to the diagonal cross beams 25 to further increase the strength and rigidity of the common rigid structure.

According to FIG. 3B, when the pile guide frame 20 is in place on the seabed, it serves as a template for performing pile driving operations. The pile 30 is drilled into the seabed through each of the pile holding portions 21, so that in its final position, each pile 30 protrudes from the pile holding portion 21 associated therewith in an upward direction, that is, making One end of each pile protrudes from the associated pile holding portion 21 toward the sea surface.

The pile 30 having a tubular shape is drilled into the seabed to a sufficient depth to be able to fix the offshore sheath 10 to the seabed and be able to support the load of the offshore sheath 10 and any structure installed thereon. The pile 30 is drilled into the seabed to extend considerably above the seabed and also extends above the pile guide frame 20, thus allowing the use of a shorter offshore sheath 10 than would normally be used. It also allows the top of the offshore sheath to have a constant and selected distance relative to the sea surface, with different sea depths, and the distribution position of the pile guiding frame, the pile, and the support of the offshore sheath on the seabed. According to specific applications and conditions, the projecting length P (or protruding length) of the pile above the pile holding portion 21 of the pile guide frame 20 can be in the range of 1 to 10 times the pile diameter D, especially the pile diameter 2 to 5 times. In the illustrated embodiment, the piles protrude above the pile holding portion 21 by a projecting length P that exceeds about 3.5 times the pile diameter D. The common rigid structure of the pile guiding frame and the piles fixed on the frame allows the piles to protrude from a larger upward direction of the pile guiding frame. The diameter of the pile can be any value, but is usually in the range of 2 to 3 meters, which means that under favorable conditions, the protruding length or protruding length P can be as high as 20 to 30 meters. Generally, the protruding length P will be in the range of 2 to 10 meters. The pile guide frame 20 may have a height of, for example, 20 meters to be applied to a water depth of, for example, 45 meters. The fact that the piles extend above the seabed implies an additional advantage that the piles do not need to be emptied before the offshore sheath 10 is placed on the piles.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the offshore sheath 10 in the illustrated embodiment includes a plurality of branches or columns 12, which are connected to each other through beams, struts, or equivalents, and these branches or columns 12 are arranged in a plurality of branches. Maintain a fixed position between each other. The offshore sheath 10 may also include spikes 11 on its outer periphery, which correspond to the bottom end of each branch 12. The pile guide frame 20 and the pile 30 driven through the pile holding portion 21 of the pile guide frame 20 together form a common rigid structure that restricts the movement of the pile.

The offshore sheath 10 is driven into the piles 30 passing through the pile holding portion 21 from the ship descending, so that each of the spikes 11 is set and fixed to an associated one driven into the seabed. On the pile 30, and make the offshore sheath 10 at least partially protrude from the water surface W. Each spike 11 is connected to the associated pile 30 by a grouting connection or a mechanical connection. Alternatively, the offshore sheath 10 may be installed at a position below the surface W of the water.

The offshore sheath 10 may be fixed to the piles 30 by at least one of a grouting connection or a mechanical connection. When the offshore sheath 10 is in its final position, the piles 30 will provide support for the load of the offshore sheath 10 and any structure installed on it.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4A, each of the spikes 11 fits into an inner circumference of the associated post 30. In addition, at least one of the spikes 11 may include a sheath supporting skirt 13, which protrudes from at least a part of the outer periphery of the spikes 11 in a substantially radial direction and is configured to be coupled to the associated pile 30 And optionally transfer the load of the offshore sheath 10. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4B, the spikes 11 have a hollow cylindrical shape and are configured to allow insertion of the upper part of the associated pile 30, so that each of the piles 30 is assembled into the associated In an inner circumference of the spike 11.

10: Offshore sheath 11: Spikes 12: Column 20: Pile guide frame 21: pile holding part 22: pile thorn cone 23: Footing 25: Diagonal beam 26: horizontal beam 30: pile 100: Supporting structure

By means of non-limiting and non-exclusive embodiments, other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent based on the description of the present invention. These embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection. Those skilled in the art will understand that without departing from the scope of the present invention, other alternatives and equivalent embodiments of the present invention can be conceived and simplified for implementation.

The embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, similar or identical reference numerals indicate similar, identical or corresponding parts, and wherein Figures 1A and 1B respectively show a top view and a side view of an embodiment of a support installed on the seabed according to the present invention; Figure 2A shows an isometric view of the support of Figures 1A and 1B, and Figures 2B, 2C, and 2D respectively show an isometric view of the sheath, pile, and pile guide frame of the support shown in Figure 2A ； 3A, 3B, and 3C show the steps of an embodiment of a method for installing a support on the seabed according to the present invention; and Figures 4A and 4B show alternative embodiments of details of the support.

Domestic deposit information (please note in the order of deposit institution, date and number) none Foreign hosting information (please note in the order of hosting country, institution, date, and number) none

10: Offshore sheath

11: Spikes

12: Column

20: Pile guide frame

21: pile holding part

25: Diagonal beam

26: horizontal beam

30: pile

100: Supporting structure

Claims (40)

A supporting member (100) for supporting a load structure (such as a wind turbine or a transformer platform or an oil or gas platform) is installed on a bed or bottom surface of, for example, a sea, ocean, lake, port, or river , Or the method on the bottom (B), the method includes the following steps: A pile guide frame (20) is arranged on the bed, the bottom surface, or the bottom (B), wherein the pile guide frame (20) includes at least three pile holding parts (21), and the optional position is in the pile guide frame Around an outer side, each of the pile holding parts is allowed to guide and hold a pile (30) in a substantially vertical orientation along a pile guiding direction, and the adjacent and/or opposite pile holding parts are crossed by crossing each other The diagonal beams (25) are interconnected; Drive a pile (30) into each pile holding portion (21) passing through the pile guide frame (20) to enter the bed, bottom surface, or bottom, so that each pile moves from the bed, bottom surface, or bottom surface in an upward direction Or protruding from the bottom, and protruding from each pile holding part to the pile holding part associated with it more than a protruding length (P), and provides the pile holding frame and driving through the bed, bottom surface, or bottom A common rigid structure of the piles of each pile holding portion in the pile, wherein the extension length is in the range of 1 to 10 times, or optionally in the range of 2 to 5 times, a diameter of the piles; and A sheath (10) is provided on the piles and protrudes from the pile holding portion, and the sheath is fixed to the piles so that the piles bear the load of the sheath and the upper part of the sheath The load supported by the load structure. The method according to claim 1, wherein each pile (30) is fixed to the pile holder (21) associated therewith to provide a common rigid structure. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein each pile (30) is tied at a position where a pair of diagonal beams are connected to the associated pile holding portion, and is fixed to the associated pile Holding part (21). The method according to claim 1, wherein each pile (30) is tied to each position where a pair of diagonal beams are connected to the associated pile holder, and is fixed to the associated pile holder (21) . The method according to claim 1, wherein each pile is tied at a top end and a bottom end of a respective pile holding part, and is fixed to the pile holding part (21) of the pile holding frame (20). ). The method according to claim 1, wherein the adjacent and/or opposite pile holders are interconnected by two diagonal beams that cross each other, and each diagonal beam is connected to a separate pile holder. One top and one bottom. The method according to claim 1, wherein a longitudinal direction of each respective diagonal beam and the pile guide direction of a pile holding portion connected to the respective beam encompass a range of 25 to 65 degrees, Or it can be an angle ranging from 35 to 55 degrees. The method according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal beam (26) is arranged between adjacent and/or opposite pile holding parts (21), and is connected to the piles at a pair of angled beams (25) At the position of the holding part, the horizontal beam (26) is connected to the respective pile holding part. The method according to claim 1, wherein a bottom end of the sheath is arranged on the piles. The method according to claim 9, wherein at least one spike (11) of the sheath (10) is fixed to the piles through at least one of a grouting connection and a mechanical connection. The method according to claim 9, wherein the bottom end of the sheath includes downwardly protruding spikes (11), and optionally at the outer periphery of the sheath, each spike (11) is arranged as Coupled with a top end of an associated pile of the common rigid structure. The method according to claim 11, wherein each spike (11) is inserted into an inner circumference of the associated pile (30). The method according to claim 11, wherein each post (30) is inserted into an inner circumference of the spike (11), wherein the spike has a hollow cylindrical shape. The method according to claim 12, wherein the sheath (10) includes a sheath supporting skirt (13), each spike is connected with a sheath supporting skirt, and wherein the sheath is arranged on the On the piles, so that each sheath supporting skirt is supported on the associated pile. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pile holders (21) include hollow columns, which are optionally equipped with centering accessories, and are gradually moved upwards at a top end of each pile holder (21). The shrunken pile thorn cone (22) provides a guide for the associated pile when the associated pile is pierced into a respective pile holding portion during the piling operation. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pile guide frame (20) is provided with a foot (23) at each pile holding portion (21) for supporting the pile guide frame (20) on the bed, On the bottom surface, or bottom (B), optionally, the footing (23) includes a system for adjusting a vertical position of each pile holding portion (21), so as to realize all pile holding portions (21) Verticality. The method according to claim 1, wherein a pile (40) driven into the bed, bottom surface, or bottom (B) is fixed to the bed by at least one of a grouting connection or a mechanical connection On the associated pile holding portion (21) of the pile guide frame (20). A method for providing a load structure (such as a wind turbine or transformer platform or an oil or natural gas platform) on a bed, bottom surface, or bottom (B) of, for example, a sea, ocean, lake, port, or river , The method includes the method of installing an offshore support (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 17, and the sheath (10) that provides the load structure to the offshore support structure (100) On the steps. A sheath (10) for supporting a load structure (such as a wind turbine or transformer platform or a petroleum platform) on a bed, bottom surface, or bottom (B) of a sea, ocean, lake, port, or river, for example Or natural gas platform) and used in the installation method of the support (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the sheath is configured to be arranged on a common rigid structure of a guide frame , The pile guide frame includes at least three pile holders (21), optionally located around an outer side of the pile guide frame, each pile holder allows to guide and hold in a substantially vertical orientation along a pile guide direction One pile (30), and the adjacent and/or opposite pile holding parts are interconnected through diagonal beams that cross each other; and for drilling through each pile holding part of the pile guide frame The bed, bottom surface, or pile in the bottom such that each pile protrudes from the bed, bottom surface, or bottom in an upward direction, and protrudes from each pile holder to the associated pile holder by more than an extension length , Wherein the protruding length is in the range of 1 to 10 times, optionally 2 to 5 times, a diameter of the piles, and is arranged on the piles of the common rigid structure, so that the The piles bear the load of the sheath and the load of the load structure supported on the sheath. The sheath (10) according to claim 19, wherein the sheath includes at least three, optionally inclined, interconnected pillars (12), and the pillars may optionally be positioned around the outer side thereof, each The pillars (12) are configured to be arranged on an associated pile (30) drilled into the bed, the bottom surface, or the bottom (B), so that the load of the sheath (10) is supported by the drill into the bed , The bottom surface, or the piles (30) at the bottom (B). The sheath (10) according to any one of claims 19 to 20, comprising: a spike (11) arranged at a bottom end of each column, optionally the spikes (21) On an outer periphery of the sheath, each of the spikes is configured to be arranged on a top end of the associated pile (30) or a top of the associated pile holder. The sheath (10) according to claim 21, wherein at least one spike (11) of the sheath (10) is configured to be fixed to the associated pile (30), which is connected by a grouting or a At least one of the mechanical connections is drilled into the bed, bottom surface, or bottom (B). The sheath according to claim 21, wherein the spike (11) is configured to fit in an inner circumference of the associated pile (30). The sheath according to claim 21, wherein the spikes (11) have a hollow cylindrical shape and are configured to allow insertion of an upper part of the associated pile (30) so that the piles ( Each of 30) fits into an inner circumference of the associated spike (11). The sheath according to claim 23, wherein the at least one spike (11) includes a sheath supporting skirt (13), and the sheath supporting skirt extends from an outer periphery of the at least one spike (11) At least a part protrudes in a substantially radial direction and is configured to be coupled with the associated pile (30). The sheath according to claim 19, wherein the sheath (10) is configured such that, in its installation configuration, at least partly from above the bed, bottom surface, or bottom (B), for example, the sea, ocean, The water surface (W) of a large amount of water, such as a lake, a port, or a river, protrudes. The sheath according to claim 19, wherein the sheath (10) is configured to, in its installation configuration, completely remain above the bed, bottom surface, or bottom (B) such as sea, ocean, lake, Below the surface (W) of a large amount of water such as a port or a river. A pile guide frame (20) in a method for installing a support according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the pile guide frame includes a pile holder (21), and an optional position is Around an outer side of the pile guiding frame (20), each pile holding portion allows a pile (30) to be guided and held in a substantially vertical orientation along a pile guiding direction, and adjacent and/or opposite piles The holding parts are interconnected by diagonal beams that cross each other. The pile guide frame according to claim 28, wherein the pile holding parts (21) include hollow columns, the hollow columns are optionally equipped with centering accessories, and the An upwardly tapering pile spike cone (22) at a top end, the upwardly tapered pile spike cone is configured to guide the associated pile when the associated pile is pierced into the respective pile holder during the piling operation Associated piles. The pile guide frame (20) according to any one of claims 28 to 29, wherein the pile guide frame includes at least three pile holding parts, which are arranged so that each pile holding part (21) constitutes A polygonal shape is formed around. The pile guide frame (20) according to claim 28, wherein the adjacent and/or opposite pile holding parts are interconnected by two mutually crossing diagonal beams, and each diagonal beam is connected to a respective At one top end and one bottom end of the pile holding part. The pile guide frame (20) according to claim 28, wherein the pile holding portion has substantially the same length, and the bottom ends of the pile holding portions are arranged to be connected to the bed, bottom surface, or bottom (B) The formed plane is coplanar. The pile guide frame (20) according to claim 28, wherein a longitudinal direction of each respective diagonal beam and the pile guide direction of a pile holder connected to the respective beam are enclosed within 25 to 65 degrees, or optionally within an angle ranging from 35 to 55 degrees. The pile guide frame (20) according to claim 28, wherein a horizontal beam (26) is arranged between adjacent and/or opposite pile holding parts (21), and on a pair of angular cross beams (25) Connected to the positions of the pile holding parts, the horizontal beam (26) is connected to the respective pile holding parts. The pile guide frame (20) according to claim 28, wherein, in order to adapt to unevenness of the bed, bottom surface, or bottom, the bottom end of the at least one pile holder is not covered by the rest of the at least one pile holder. In a plane formed by the bottom ends of the pile holding portion. The pile guide frame (20) according to claim 28, wherein the pile guide frame (20) is provided with a foot (23) at each pile holding portion for supporting the pile guide frame (30) on On the bed, bottom surface, or bottom (20), the footing optionally includes a system for adjusting a vertical position of each pile holder (21), so as to achieve the verticality of all pile holders (21) . The pile guide frame (20) according to claim 28, wherein the pile holding parts are configured to fix a pile drilled into the bed, bottom surface, or bottom through a separate pile holding part to The respective pile holding part. The pile guide frame (20) according to claim 28, wherein the pile holding portions are configured to penetrate a pile of a respective pile holding portion to be drilled into the bed, the bottom surface, or a pile at the bottom The diagonal beam is fixed to the respective pile holding part at the position where the diagonal beam is connected to the associated pile holding part. A pile (30) for use in the installation method of an offshore support structure (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, the pile (30) has a substantially cylindrical shape and is configured to support a The load of the sheath (10) and any structure installed on it. A supporting member used to support a load structure, such as a wind turbine or a transformer platform, or an oil or gas platform, on the bed, bottom surface, or bottom (B) of, for example, a sea, ocean, lake, port or river (100) The supporting structure includes: A pile guide frame (20), the pile guide frame (20) is as described in any one of claims 28 to 38, wherein the pile guide frame is arranged on the bed, the bottom surface, or the bottom (B), and It includes at least three pile holding parts (21), optionally located around an outer side of the pile guiding frame (20), and each pile holding part (21) is allowed to be guided in a substantially vertical orientation along a pile guiding direction And hold a pile (30), and the adjacent and/or opposite pile holding parts are interconnected through diagonal beams that cross each other; Piles (30), the piles (30) are as described in claim 39, wherein each pile is arranged to pass through a respective one of the pile holding parts (21) of the pile holding frame (20) It enters the bed, bottom surface, or bottom (B), so that each pile (30) protrudes from the bed, bottom surface, or bottom in an upward direction, and protrudes from each pile holder to its associated The pile holding portion of the pile exceeds a projecting length, and the projecting length is 1 to 10 times, or optionally in the range of 2 to 5 times a diameter of the piles, and wherein the pile holds the frame and passes through The piles drilled into the bed, bottom surface, or bottom of each pile holding portion provide a common rigid structure; and A sheath (10), the sheath (10) is as described in any one of claims 19 to 27, wherein the sheath is set in the bed, bottom surface, or bottom (B) drilled into the The piles (30) are fixed to the piles so that the piles can bear the load of the sheath and the load of the load structure supported on the sheath.

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