TW202134828A - Always-on system with multi-layer power management - Google Patents
Always-on system with multi-layer power management Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本發明係有關一種功率管理,特別是關於一種具多層功率管理的永開(always-on)系統。The present invention relates to a power management, in particular to an always-on system with multi-layer power management.
永開(always-on)感測技術可適用於具有限功率的系統(例如電池供電的物聯網(IoT)),以大量降低整體功耗且具高效能。由於當代系統具有更多的功能且複雜,因此傳統永開系統無法有效管理功耗。The always-on sensing technology can be applied to systems with limited power (such as battery-powered Internet of Things (IoT)) to greatly reduce overall power consumption and have high performance. Because contemporary systems have more functions and are complex, traditional Yongkai systems cannot effectively manage power consumption.
無源紅外線(passive infrared, PIR)感測器、環境光(ambient light)感測器或溫度感測器通常用於事件觸發(event-trigger)系統當中以節省功率。然而,由於感測器經常發生錯誤警報,因此被感測器觸發的傳統永開系統仍然無法有效地大量節省功耗。Passive infrared (PIR) sensors, ambient light (ambient light) sensors, or temperature sensors are usually used in event-trigger systems to save power. However, because the sensor often generates false alarms, the traditional permanent open system triggered by the sensor still cannot effectively save a large amount of power consumption.
因此亟需提出一種新穎機制,以克服傳統系統當中功率管理的諸多缺失。Therefore, it is urgent to propose a novel mechanism to overcome many shortcomings of power management in traditional systems.
鑑於上述,本發明實施例的目的之一在於提出一種具多層功率管理的永開系統,有效管理永開應用的功耗。In view of the foregoing, one of the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a permanent-on system with multi-layer power management to effectively manage the power consumption of the permanent-on application.
根據本發明實施例,具多層功率管理的永開系統具停機、睡眠、事件偵測及電腦視覺狀態。永開系統包含永開部分、記憶單元、輸入介面、事件監視器、數位信號處理器及輸出介面。於停機狀態時,永開部分供電,但永開系統的其餘部分未供電。記憶單元於睡眠狀態供電,以保持資料於記憶單元。輸入介面僅於事件偵測狀態供電,自影像感測器接收至少一擷取影像,當發出觸發信號時開始事件偵測狀態。事件監視器偵測擷取影像中的移動。數位信號處理器僅於電腦視覺狀態供電,當偵測到移動時,對擷取影像執行影像辨識。輸出介面僅於電腦視覺狀態供電,藉以輸出數位信號處理器的結果。According to an embodiment of the present invention, a permanent open system with multi-layer power management has shutdown, sleep, event detection, and computer vision status. The Yongkai system includes the Yongkai part, memory unit, input interface, event monitor, digital signal processor and output interface. In the shutdown state, Yongkai partly supplies power, but the rest of the Yongkai system does not supply power. The memory unit is powered in the sleep state to maintain data in the memory unit. The input interface is only powered in the event detection state, receives at least one captured image from the image sensor, and starts the event detection state when a trigger signal is sent. The event monitor detects movement in the captured image. The digital signal processor is only powered by the computer vision state, and when movement is detected, it performs image recognition on the captured image. The output interface is only powered by the computer vision state to output the result of the digital signal processor.
第一圖顯示本發明實施例之具多層功率管理的永開(always-on)系統100的方塊圖。具多層功率管理的永開系統(以下簡稱系統)100可製作於系統單晶片(SoC),將系統的所有元件積集於單一微晶片。The first figure shows a block diagram of an always-on
根據本實施例的特徵之一,系統100的多層功率管理可至少包含以下功率狀態:停機(shutdown, SD)、睡眠(sleep, SLP)、事件偵測(event detection, ED)及電腦視覺(computer vision, CV)。第二圖之表格顯示本發明實施例之系統100的功率狀態,且第三圖之時序圖顯示功率管理於時域的相應信號。According to one of the features of this embodiment, the multi-layer power management of the
在本實施例中,系統100可包含永開部分(註記為SD)。於停機(SD)狀態時,供電(例如電池電力)給永開部分,然而系統100的其他部分則未供電。永開部分於所有狀態皆供電。In this embodiment, the
在一實施例中,永開部分可包含功率管理單元10,其可根據系統規格以包含至少一脈寬調變(PWM)單元及至少一電壓調節器(voltage regulator)(例如低壓降(LDO)調節器)。永開部分還可包含計時器11,從預設時間間隔向下計數以(規律地)發出(第一)觸發信號31(第三圖),用以表示預設時間間隔已終止。永開部分還可包含非影像感測單元12,用以偵測外部感測器101通知的事件,且(非規律地)發出(第二)觸發信號32(第三圖),用以表示預設事件已發生。其中,外部感測器101可為無源紅外線(passive infrared, PIR)感測器、環境光感測器、溫度感測器或聲音感測器。系統100可包含記憶單元13,其於睡眠狀態供電以保持(retain)資料於記憶單元13。在一實施例中,記憶單元13僅於停機(SD)狀態停止供電。In one embodiment, the permanent open part may include a
如第三圖所例示,當計時器11或外部感測器101發出觸發信號31/32時,開始事件偵測(ED)狀態。在本實施例中,事件偵測(ED)狀態可分割為二個次狀態:觸發(TR)次狀態與接收(RX)次狀態,其依序執行。As illustrated in the third figure, when the
於觸發(TR)次狀態,系統100的輸入介面14供電並啟動,且受振盪器15的調節。其中,輸入介面14可輸出時脈信號與控制信號至(外部)影像感測器102,以啟動影像感測器102。接著,經啟動的影像感測器102可擷取至少一影像。在一實施例中,輸入介面14與振盪器15僅於觸發(TR)次狀態供電。In the TR sub-state, the
於接收(RX)次狀態,系統100的資料匯流排16、編碼器17及事件監視器18供電。其中,藉由資料匯流排16接收(或串流)擷取影像,且由編碼器17予以編碼。接著,事件偵測器18對經編碼影像進行(基於影像的)移動偵測,以偵測影像當中的移動。例如,決定目前影像與前一影像的影像差是否大於預設臨界值。當影像差大於預設臨界值,則偵測到移動,否則未偵測到移動。在一實施例中,資料匯流排16、編碼器17及事件監視器18僅於接收(RX)次狀態供電。在一替代實施例中,輸出介面14、振盪器15、資料匯流排16、編碼器17及事件監視器18於事件偵測(ED)狀態供電。在一實施例中,記憶單元13於接收(RX)次狀態的供應電壓大於睡眠(SLP)狀態的供應電壓。In the receiving (RX) state, the
若事件監測器18偵測到移動,系統100可進入電腦視覺(CV)狀態,並供電數位信號處理器(DSP)19與輸出介面20。其中,數位信號處理器19可對(經編碼)擷取影像執行影像辨識,以辨識人臉。值得注意的是,用以辨識影像當中人臉的數位信號處理器19的處理能力遠大於偵測影像當中移動的事件監視器18。在一實施例中,數位信號處理器(DSP)19與輸出介面20僅於電腦視覺(CV)狀態供電。If the event monitor 18 detects movement, the
當完成影像辨識,數位影像處理器19的結果可藉由輸出介面20而輸出至外部電子裝置103,以執行進一步的操作與處理。數位影像處理器19的結果還可藉由輸出介面20而輸出且儲存於外部記憶單元104。在一實施例中,外部記憶單元104可儲存預設資料庫,用以輔助數位影像處理器19進行影像辨識。When the image recognition is completed, the result of the
第四圖顯示本發明變化實施例之具多層功率管理的永開系統400的方塊圖。具多層功率管理的永開系統(以下簡稱系統)400類似於系統100(第一圖),其差異處將說明如下。在本實施例中,事件監視器18設於(外部)影像感測器102。當影像感測器102的事件監視器18偵測到移動,事件監視器18可通知非影像感測單元12,使得系統400進入電腦視覺(CV)狀態,使得數位影像處理器19可對擷取影像執行影像辨識,以辨識人臉。The fourth figure shows a block diagram of a permanent on
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,並非用以限定本發明之申請專利範圍;凡其它未脫離發明所揭示之精神下所完成之等效改變或修飾,均應包含在下述之申請專利範圍內。The above descriptions are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of patent application of the present invention; all other equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the invention should be included in the following Within the scope of the patent application.
100:具多層功率管理的永開系統 400:具多層功率管理的永開系統 10:功率管理單元 11:計時器 12:非影像感測單元 13:記憶單元 14:輸入介面 15:振盪器 16:資料匯流排 17:編碼器 18:事件監視器 19:數位信號處理器 20:輸出介面 101:外部感測器 102:影像感測器 103:外部電子裝置 104:外部記憶單元 31:第一觸發信號 32:第二觸發信號 SD:停機 SLP:睡眠 ED:事件偵測 TR:觸發 RX:接收 CV:電腦視覺100: Ever-on system with multi-layer power management 400: Forever open system with multi-layer power management 10: Power management unit 11: Timer 12: Non-image sensing unit 13: Memory unit 14: Input interface 15: Oscillator 16: data bus 17: encoder 18: Event monitor 19: Digital signal processor 20: Output interface 101: external sensor 102: image sensor 103: External electronic device 104: External memory unit 31: The first trigger signal 32: second trigger signal SD: shutdown SLP: sleep ED: Event detection TR: trigger RX: receive CV: Computer Vision
第一圖顯示本發明實施例之具多層功率管理的永開系統的方塊圖。 第二圖之表格顯示本發明實施例之系統的功率狀態。 第三圖之時序圖顯示功率管理於時域的相應信號。 第四圖顯示本發明變化實施例之具多層功率管理的永開系統的方塊圖。The first figure shows a block diagram of a permanent on system with multi-layer power management according to an embodiment of the present invention. The table in the second figure shows the power state of the system of the embodiment of the present invention. The timing diagram of the third figure shows the corresponding signal of power management in the time domain. The fourth figure shows a block diagram of a permanent on system with multi-layer power management according to a variation of the present invention.
100:具多層功率管理的永開系統100: Ever-on system with multi-layer power management
10:功率管理單元10: Power management unit
11:計時器11: Timer
12:非影像感測單元12: Non-image sensing unit
13:記憶單元13: Memory unit
14:輸入介面14: Input interface
15:振盪器15: Oscillator
16:資料匯流排16: data bus
17:編碼器17: encoder
18:事件監視器18: Event monitor
19:數位信號處理器19: Digital signal processor
20:輸出介面20: Output interface
101:外部感測器101: external sensor
102:影像感測器102: image sensor
103:外部電子裝置103: External electronic device
104:外部記憶單元104: External memory unit
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US7873849B2 (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-01-18 | Apple Inc. | Motion sensor data processing using various power management modes |
US20110131427A1 (en) * | 2009-12-02 | 2011-06-02 | Jorgenson Joel A | Power management states |
US9026814B2 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2015-05-05 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Power and load management based on contextual information |
US10466765B2 (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-11-05 | Microchip Technology Incorporated | Systems and methods for managing power consumed by a microcontroller in an inactive mode |
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