TW202126611A

TW202126611A - The manufacture and application of organo-cerium compounds

Info

Publication number: TW202126611A
Application number: TW108148768A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 陳進益
Original assignee: 臺久企業股份有限公司; 陳進益
Priority date: 2019-12-31
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2021-07-16

Abstract

Cerium dioxide is a very good oxidation catalyst. It can oxidize the accumulated carbon both in the engine and the DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) and hence remove in the usual driving. It also burn the carbon particles in the exhaust gas and hence increase energy and reduce pollution. However, it is very difficult to disperse cerium dioxide in fuel oil.

Mix cerium dioxide, calcium carbide, octanol (2-ethyl hexanol) and sodium methoxide as catalyst together in a funnel. Heat it with reflux. Cerium tetraoctanolate is obtained, which is then added into fuel oil. These component mix well. It can stand for years without precipitation. During the normal combustion, the Cerium tetraoctanolate is oxidized to cerium dioxide, which can act as catalyst.

Description

Manufacturing and application of organic cerium

本發明是一種將有機鈰之製造與應用法，尤其是指經由有機鈰的過程，將二氧化鈰溶解在油品中的方法。 The present invention is a method for manufacturing and applying organic cerium, especially a method for dissolving cerium oxide in oil through the process of organic cerium.

二氧化鈰是很好的氧化摧化劑，可以消除引擎中的積碳，但是，要把它分散在油品中，是很困難的技術。 Cerium dioxide is a good oxidative catalyzer, which can eliminate carbon deposits in the engine, but it is a very difficult technology to disperse it in oil.

已知的有機鈰化物「三茂鈰」可在「四氫呋喃」當溶劑，用無水氯化鈰和「環戊二烯鈉」反應得到，反應方程式如下： The known organic cerium compound "Cerocene" can be obtained by reacting anhydrous cerium chloride with "Sodium cyclopentadiene" in "tetrahydrofuran" as a solvent. The reaction equation is as follows:

3C₅H₅Na+CeCl₃→(C₅H₅)₃Ce+3 NaCl這個製程原料昂貴，操作過程非常困難細膩，必須完全無水，否則產率低下，因此無法大量生產，而且產品及不穩定，難以商業應用。 3C ₅ H ₅ Na+CeCl ₃ →(C ₅ H ₅ ) ₃ Ce+3 NaCl This process has expensive raw materials, and the operation process is very difficult and delicate. It must be completely water-free, otherwise the yield is low, so mass production is impossible, and the product is unstable. , Difficult to commercial applications.

為了將二氧化鈰溶解在柴油中，中國專利CN1626627A，CN103074124A，使用了介面活性劑幫助分散，但是由於比重差距很大，放置數天，還是會分層，甚至沈澱。 In order to dissolve cerium oxide in diesel oil, Chinese patents CN1626627A and CN103074124A use surfactants to help disperse. However, due to the large difference in specific gravity, it will still delaminate or even precipitate after being left for several days.

中國專利A102746911A使用了「環烷酸鈰」cerium naphthenate，添加在柴油中，同樣是為了產生二氧化鈰，但是，有機酸的金屬鹽，俗稱「皂類」，是一種「離子型化合物」，對油的溶解度很低。 Chinese patent A102746911A uses "cerium naphthenate", which is added to diesel oil to produce cerium dioxide. However, metal salts of organic acids, commonly known as "soaps", are an "ionic compound". The solubility of oil is very low.

將二氧化鈰與辛醇(2-乙基己醇)混和，添加碳化鈣粉末，以甲醇鈉為觸媒(氫化鈉，金屬鈉，氫氧化鈉亦可)，加熱迴流，同時佐以攪拌，就可以製造四辛醇化鈰，反應式如下： Mix cerium oxide with octanol (2-ethylhexanol), add calcium carbide powder, use sodium methoxide as a catalyst (sodium hydride, sodium metal, sodium hydroxide can also be), heat to reflux, while stirring, The cerium tetraoctanolate can be produced, and the reaction formula is as follows:

將Ce(OC₈H₁₇)₄柴油混和，混和良好，放置12個月，不分層，無沈澱。 Mix Ce(OC ₈ H ₁₇ ) ₄ diesel oil, mix well, and leave it for 12 months without stratification and precipitation.

將Ce(OC₈H₁₇)₄燃油混和物燃燒後，產生二氧化鈰CeO₂，而後，二氧化鈰摧化氧化碳微粒與積碳，達到環保節能的效果。 After the Ce(OC ₈ H ₁₇ ) ₄ fuel mixture is burned, cerium oxide CeO _{2 is} produced. Then, the cerium oxide catalyzes the carbon oxide particles and carbon deposits, achieving the effect of environmental protection and energy saving.

第1圖：反應流程圖 Figure 1: Reaction flow chart

取100公克，辛醇(更精確的說是2-乙基辛醇，2-ethyl hexanol)；二氧化鈰5公克，甲醇鈉0.1公克，碳化鈣2.5公克放置在圓形燒瓶中，並安置迴流管(reflux)，加熱到180⁰C，50分鐘後，冷卻過濾，得得含有15公克的「四辛醇鈰」的辛醇溶液，產率約80%。 Take 100 grams of octanol (more precisely, 2-ethyl hexanol); 5 grams of cerium oxide, 0.1 grams of sodium methoxide, and 2.5 grams of calcium carbide. Place them in a round flask and place it to reflux. tube (reflux), was heated to 180 ⁰ C, 50 min, cooled and filtered to give 15 g of the obtained containing "four-octanol cerium" octanol solution, a yield of about 80%.

如[0011]，以氫化鈉或氫氧化鈉或代替甲醇鈉，結果類似。 Such as [0011] , using sodium hydride or sodium hydroxide or instead of sodium methoxide, the results are similar.

如[0011]將丙醇propyl alcohol代替辛醇，其餘相同，即可得到「四丙醇鈰」。 For example, if [0011] replace octanol with propyl alcohol, and the rest is the same, you can get "cerium tetrapropoxide".

將上述兩種「四辛醇鈰」，「四丙醇鈰」，分別添加到汽油，柴油，重油，煤油中，分散良好，在密閉容器中，靜置12個月，不會分層，沒有沈澱。 Add the above two kinds of "cerium tetraoctanol" and "cerium tetrapropoxide" to gasoline, diesel, heavy oil, and kerosene. They are well dispersed. In a closed container, stand for 12 months without stratification. precipitation.

將含有1%「四辛醇鈰」的柴油放在柴油引擎中燃燒，可產生奈米粒徑的二氧化鈰，發揮摧化氧化效果。 Burning diesel oil containing 1% "cerium tetraoctanol" in a diesel engine can produce The cerium dioxide of raw nano-sized particles exerts a catalytic oxidation effect.

將含有1%「四丙醇醇鈰」的柴油放在柴油引擎中燃燒，可產生奈米粒徑的二氧化鈰，發揮摧化氧化效果。 Burning diesel oil containing 1% "cerium tetrapropoxide" in a diesel engine can produce nano-sized cerium dioxide, which exerts a catalytic oxidation effect.

將含有1%「四辛醇鈰」的重油放在燃燒器中燃燒，則排放黑煙減少60%，釋放熱量比未添加前多5.8%。 When heavy oil containing 1% "cerium tetraoctanol" is burned in a burner, the emission of black smoke is reduced by 60%, and the amount of heat released is 5.8% more than before it is added.

Claims

An organic cerium manufacturing and application, including manufacturing method and application method:

Manufacturing method: Use cheap cerium oxide, calcium carbide, and alcohol as reactants, add a catalyzer at the same time, and heat to reflux to produce oil-soluble "tetraol cerium";

Application method: Adding "tetraol cerium" to gasoline, diesel, heavy oil, kerosene, it dissolves well, and it will not precipitate or delaminate after standing for one year.

For example, the manufacture and application of organic cerium in the first item of the scope of patent application, where the general formula of alcohol is C _n H _m OH, and the relationship between m and n in the formula is m=2n+1, m=2n-1, m= These three possibilities are 2n-3, and n is a natural number between 1 and 18.

For example, the manufacture and application of organic cerium in the first item of the scope of patent application, wherein the same general formula of organic cerium is Ce(OC _n H _m ) ₄ , and _{the definition of C n} H _{m is} the same as the second item of the patent application.

3. For example, the manufacture and application of organic cerium in item 1 of the scope of patent application, where "tetraol cerium" is added to gasoline, diesel, heavy oil, and kerosene. After combustion, cerium dioxide nano particles are produced and exert its catalysis. Oxidation effect, so organic cerium compounds are the precursors of cerium oxide.

For example, the manufacture and application of organic cerium in item 1 of the scope of patent application can be regarded as a "method of dispersing cerium oxide in fuel oil."

For example, the production and application of organic cerium in the first item of the scope of patent application, the general formula of the catalyzer is MX, M is K or Na, X is H, OH, OC _n H _m , where C _n H _m is defined Same as item 2 of the patent application item.

For example, the manufacture and application of organic cerium in item 1 of the scope of patent application is an organic cerium compound that is inexpensive, easy to operate, and can be mass-produced.