TW202114957A - Manufacturing method of heat-strengthened glass substrate and solar cell module without dazzle such as glare caused by sunlight reflection and with an excellent appearance - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of this invention is to provide an anti-glare crystal solar cell module without dazzle such as glare caused by sunlight reflection and with an excellent appearance. The object is solved by virtue of a manufacturing method of a heat-strengthened glass substrate. The manufacturing method of the heat-strengthened glass substrate includes: firstly, blasting the surface of a glass substrate, which is not heat-strengthened, by using an abrading agent higher than F46 and lower than F220; secondly, blasting the above-mentioned glass substrate obtained in the first step by using an abrading agent higher than #240 and lower than #2000 to form a glass substrate with a irregular surface, wherein the arithmetic average roughness on the surface of the glass substrate is higher than 0.5 [mu]m and lower than 5 [mu]m, the maximum height roughness on the surface of the glass substrate is higher than 10 [mu]m and lower than 50 [mu]m, and the area of cracks existing on the surface of the glass substrate does not reach 1%; and thirdly, heat-strengthening the above-mentioned glass substrate with the irregular surface.

Description

Manufacturing method of thermally strengthened glass substrate and solar cell module

The invention relates to a solar cell module and a method for manufacturing a thermally strengthened glass substrate used in the solar cell module.

Solar cell modules with cover glass on the light-receiving surface are usually installed on the roof or wall of a general house or factory, or on the ground such as idle land. When installed on the roof or on the wall, there are situations where the surface of the solar cell module acts as a mirror to reflect sunlight, so it will be criticized by nearby residents or pedestrians due to "dazzle" or "dazzle". In addition, when the installation site is close to the airport when it is installed on the ground, glare or glare may hinder the safe operation of the aircraft. Therefore, the industry expects to develop a solar cell module with high anti-glare properties. Patent Document 1 discloses a solar cell module with anti-glare properties and anti-fouling properties.

The technique of imparting unevenness to the surface of glass is disclosed in Patent Document 2 or Patent Document 3, and the unevenness on the surface of strengthened glass is disclosed in Patent Document 4. [Prior Technical Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] WO2014/203820 Publication [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-70445 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2016-29474 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-79769

[The problem to be solved by the invention]

The following describes the problems of the prior art.

In Patent Document 1, as a method for removing cracks remaining on the glass surface when sandblasting is used to form surface irregularities on the glass substrate, it is disclosed that after the first sandblasting, the particle size is smaller than that used in the first sandblasting. For abrasives with small abrasives, perform the second sandblasting process. However, in Patent Document 1, there is a lack of detailed descriptions on the surface properties of the glass substrate after the second sandblasting process, and it is difficult to implement it.

In Patent Document 2 or 3, although the method of etching using hydrofluoric acid etc. is effective in reducing the amount of cracks generated during sandblasting, it uses hydrofluoric acid, which is a highly toxic substance, and wastes liquid treatment and other manufacturing steps. Larger, there are problems for both people and the environment, and, therefore, there is a problem of higher costs.

In Patent Document 4, it is only disclosed that the maximum surface unevenness of the polished surface of the glass end surface is 3 μm or less.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, provide a method for manufacturing strengthened glass that forms fine unevenness on the glass surface, reduces the amount of cracks on the glass surface, and has excellent anti-glare performance, reliability and mechanical strength, and use Its anti-glare solar cell module. [Technical means to solve the problem]

The first aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a heat-strengthened glass substrate, which includes: the first step of using the grain size of JIS R6001-1: 2017 above F46 and F220 on the surface of the glass substrate that has not been thermally strengthened The abrasive is sprayed; the second step is to spray the glass substrate after the first step with #240 above #2000 with JIS R6001-2: 2017 grit abrasives to form Make the arithmetic average roughness of the surface of the glass substrate be 0.5 μm or more and 5 μm or less, make the maximum height roughness of the surface of the glass substrate be 10 μm or more and 50 μm or less, and cause cracks existing on the surface of the glass substrate The area is less than 1%, and the glass substrate with surface irregularities is formed; and the third step is to heat-strengthen the glass substrate with the above-mentioned surface irregularities. According to this structure, it is possible to produce a glass substrate with excellent anti-glare performance on the glass substrate and no reflection of the regular reflection image, and by reducing the amount of cracks on the glass surface, when the glass surface after heat strengthening is in contact with moisture, it can be Lowering the pH value of the water can suppress changes in appearance due to, for example, condensation during storage. In addition, at the same time, the amount of incident light scattered due to cracks on the glass surface can be reduced, and the decrease in output characteristics can be suppressed.

In addition, the present invention is a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned thermally strengthened glass substrate, wherein the abrasive used in the first step is JIS R6001-1: 2017 with a particle size of F46 or more and F220 or less, and the abrasive used in the second step According to JIS R6001-1: 2017, the particle size is #240 or more and #2000 or less. According to this structure, it is possible to produce a glass substrate having excellent anti-glare performance on the glass substrate and no reflection of a regular reflection image.

The second aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a heat-strengthened glass substrate, which includes: the first step of using the grain size of JIS R6001-1: 2017 above F46 and F220 on the surface of the glass substrate that has not been thermally strengthened JIS R6001-2: 2017 grit abrasives, or #240 above#400 or less abrasives with a particle size of JIS R6001-2: 2017; the second step is to use #600 above# on the glass substrate that has passed through the first step. Abrasives with JIS R6001-2: 2017 particle size below 2000 are sprayed to form the arithmetic average roughness of the surface of the glass substrate to be 0.5 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and the maximum height roughness of the surface of the glass substrate A glass substrate with surface irregularities is formed in a glass substrate with surface irregularities that are 10 μm or more and 50 μm or less, and the area of the cracks existing on the surface of the glass substrate is less than 1%; and the third step is for the glass substrate with the surface irregularities formed Carry out heat strengthening treatment. According to this structure, it is possible to produce a glass substrate with excellent anti-glare performance on the glass substrate and no reflection of the regular reflection image. By reducing the amount of cracks on the glass surface, the glass surface after heat strengthening is in contact with moisture. Lowering the pH value of the water can suppress changes in appearance due to, for example, condensation during storage. In addition, at the same time, the amount of incident light scattered due to cracks on the glass surface can be reduced, and the decrease in output characteristics can be suppressed.

In addition, the present invention is a method for manufacturing the above heat strengthened glass substrate, wherein the abrasive used in the first step is JIS R6001-1: 2017 with a particle size of F46 or more and F220 or less, or JIS R6001-2: 2017 has a particle size of #240 above#400 or less, the abrasive used in the second step above is JIS R6001-1:2017 with a particle size of #600 above#2000 or below. According to this structure, it is possible to produce a glass substrate having excellent anti-glare performance on the glass substrate and no reflection of a regular reflection image.

In addition, the present invention is a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned heat-strengthened glass substrate, wherein the heat-strengthening treatment conditions of the step of the heat-strengthening treatment are as follows: Under the condition that the pH value of the water in contact with the surface of the glass substrate decreases. According to this configuration, it is possible to suppress the appearance change of the glass substrate surface due to condensation during storage.

In addition, the present invention is a solar cell module including the tempered glass manufactured by the above-mentioned manufacturing method as the cover glass on the light-receiving surface side. According to this structure, the appearance change caused by condensation during storage can be suppressed by anti-glare performance and thermal strengthening. [Effects of Invention]

According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to provide a tempered glass with fine surface irregularities formed on the glass substrate by spray processing, and to provide a solar cell module with excellent anti-glare performance, reliability and mechanical strength.

There are many types of solar cell modules that are used for solar power generation and are equipped with cover glass on the light-receiving surface. The silicon-based solar cell module as one of them can be roughly divided into two types: crystalline system and thin-film system, and has the following configuration. The crystalline solar cell module (hereinafter referred to as the crystalline solar cell module) is a solar cell unit containing a crystalline semiconductor plate of about 10-15 cm square on a glass plate (cover glass) equivalent to the size of the module Dozens of pieces are arranged on the top for wiring, using EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) or PVB (polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl butyral) and other fillers, and the backside protection film for sealing protection. constitute. In addition, a thin-film solar cell module (hereinafter referred to as thin-film solar cell module) is directly formed on a glass plate of the size of the module with a transparent electrode layer, a thin-film semiconductor layer, and a back electrode layer. Patterning methods such as shooting lines separate the layers and connect them in series to obtain the desired voltage and current. Regarding the sealing protection, the same filler and surface protection film as the crystalline solar cell module are used. Compared with the crystalline solar cell module, the thin-film solar cell module constructed in this way has the following characteristics: the layer used for power generation is thinner, the construction material is only one piece, the wiring is simple, and the solar cell unit is integrated into the module as a whole The ratio of the area occupied by the area is large, the color tone is fixed, etc. It has the potential to reduce costs, and it has excellent aesthetics. And thin-film solar cell modules also exist such as solar cell modules with cover glass on the light-receiving surface side.

In response to the above-mentioned problems related to "dazzle" or "dazzle", the following countermeasures are implemented.

For example, in a crystalline solar cell module, an anti-glare treatment is usually performed to suppress glare by using a patterned glass as a cover glass to generate diffuse reflection or diffusion of light on the surface of the cover glass. The so-called slab glass refers to a plate glass that is provided with uneven patterns on the surface to block the line of sight, etc. Generally speaking, it is produced by a roller with a pattern pattern engraved on it, and the like.

However, in the case of a crystalline solar cell module, the surface irregularities of the patterned glass substrate are formed by transfer from the surface of the roller, so it is difficult to effectively form fine and uniformly dispersed surface irregularities on the glass substrate. Anti-glare effect Limited, the status quo cannot adequately solve the "dazzle" or "dazzle" problem.

On the other hand, in thin-film solar cell modules, several sub-modules that use the same structure as the crystalline solar cell module to seal a smaller area are proposed, and those that use the above-mentioned form glass as their cover glass. Furthermore, it has also been proposed to coat the surface of the completed solar cell module with a resin mixed with beads to diffuse light.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned glare and other previous problems, and provide an anti-glare crystalline solar cell module with excellent appearance and mechanical strength that reduces glare, and a method for manufacturing a heat-strengthened glass substrate as one of its raw materials.

The present invention relates to a solar cell module and a method for manufacturing a thermally strengthened glass substrate used in the solar cell module. In particular, it relates to a method for manufacturing heat-strengthened glass with anti-glare treatment used as a glass substrate on the light-receiving side of a crystalline solar cell module.

The first aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a heat-strengthened glass substrate, which includes: the first step of using the grain size of JIS R6001-1: 2017 above F46 and F220 on the surface of the glass substrate that has not been thermally strengthened The abrasive is sprayed; the second step is to spray the glass substrate after the first step with #240 above #2000 with JIS R6001-2: 2017 grit abrasives to form Make the arithmetic average roughness of the surface of the glass substrate be 0.5 μm or more and 5 μm or less, make the maximum height roughness of the surface of the glass substrate be 10 μm or more and 50 μm or less, and cause cracks existing on the surface of the glass substrate The area is less than 1%, and the glass substrate with surface irregularities is formed; and the third step is to heat-strengthen the glass substrate with the above-mentioned surface irregularities.

In addition, the present invention is a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned thermally strengthened glass substrate, wherein the abrasive used in the first step is JIS R6001-1: 2017 with a particle size of F46 or more and F100 or less, and the abrasive used in the second step According to JIS R6001-2: 2017, the particle size is #400 or more and #1000 or less.

The second aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a heat-strengthened glass substrate, which includes: the first step of using the grain size of JIS R6001-1: 2017 above F46 and F220 on the surface of the glass substrate that has not been thermally strengthened JIS R6001-2: 2017 grit abrasives, or #240 above#400 or less abrasives with a particle size of JIS R6001-2: 2017; the second step is to use #600 above# on the glass substrate that has passed through the first step. Abrasives with JIS R6001-2: 2017 particle size below 2000 are sprayed to form the arithmetic average roughness of the surface of the glass substrate to be 0.5 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and the maximum height roughness of the surface of the glass substrate The glass substrate is formed with surface irregularities when the area of the cracks existing on the surface of the glass substrate is less than 10 μm and 50 μm or less, and the area of the surface of the glass substrate is less than 1%; and the third step is to treat the glass with the above-mentioned surface irregularities The substrate is thermally strengthened.

In addition, the present invention is a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned thermally strengthened glass substrate, wherein the abrasive used in the first step is JIS R6001-1: 2017 with a particle size of F46 or more and F100 or less, or JIS R6001-2: 2017 has a particle size of #240 above#1000 or less, the abrasive used in the second step above is JIS R6001-2: 2017 with a particle size of #600 above#2000 or below.

In addition, sometimes # is used to replace the particle size indicated by F in the JIS R6001-1:2017 particle size standard. For example, F80 may be expressed as #80 for the sale of abrasive grains, so you need to pay attention. According to the present invention, the particle size of JIS R6001-1: 2017 is F46 or more and F100 or less, which also means that the particle size of JIS R6001-1: 2017 expressed by # is #46 or more and #100 or less.

In addition, the present invention is a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned heat-strengthened glass substrate, wherein the heat-strengthening treatment conditions of the step of the heat-strengthening treatment are as follows: Under the condition that the pH value of the water in contact with the surface of the glass substrate decreases.

In addition, the present invention is a solar cell module including the tempered glass manufactured by the above-mentioned manufacturing method as the cover glass on the light-receiving surface side.

In addition, the present invention is a method for manufacturing a heat-strengthened glass substrate, which includes: a first step, which is to grind the surface of the glass substrate without heat-strengthening treatment using the grain size of JIS R6001-1: 2017 above F46 and F220 JIS R6001-2: 2017 abrasives with particle size of #240 above#400 or less for spray processing; The second step is to process the glass substrate after the first step above with #600 above #2000 and below JIS R6001-2: 2017 grit abrasives to form arithmetic on the surface of the glass substrate The average roughness is 0.5 μm or more and 5 μm or less, the maximum height roughness of the surface of the glass substrate is 10 μm or more and 50 μm or less, and the area of the cracks existing on the surface of the glass substrate is less than 1%. Have surface irregularities; and The third step is to heat strengthen the glass substrate on which the above-mentioned surface irregularities are formed.

In addition, the present invention is a method of manufacturing the above-mentioned thermally strengthened glass substrate, wherein The blasting process in the first step above is blasting using shot blasting. The abrasive used is JIS R6001-1:2017 with a particle size of F46 or more and F100 or less. The abrasive used in the above second step is JIS R6001-2: 2017 with a particle size of #400 or more and #1000 or less.

In the above-mentioned method of manufacturing a thermally strengthened glass substrate, The blasting process in the first step above is blasting by air blasting. The abrasive used is JIS R6001-1: 2017 with a particle size of F100 or more and F220 or less, or JIS R6001-2: 2017 with a particle size of # Above 240# Below 400, The abrasive used in the above second step is JIS R6001-2: 2017 with a particle size of #600 or more and #1000 or less.

In addition, the present invention is a method of manufacturing the above-mentioned thermally strengthened glass substrate, wherein The heat-strengthening treatment conditions of the above-mentioned heat-strengthening treatment step are the conditions that the pH value of the water contacting the surface of the glass substrate after the heat-strengthening treatment is lower than the pH value of the water contacting the surface of the glass substrate before the heat-strengthening treatment.

In addition, the present invention is a solar cell module including the tempered glass manufactured by the above-mentioned manufacturing method as the cover glass on the light-receiving surface side.

Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a thermally strengthened glass substrate with fine surface irregularities and one aspect of a solar cell module using the glass substrate will be described for a crystalline solar cell module. Furthermore, as long as the glass substrate is used on the light-receiving surface side, it can of course also be applied to other solar cell modules such as perovskite-type solar cells, compound-type semiconductor solar cells, and silicon thin-film solar cells.

[Glass base board] As the glass substrate of the present invention, glass of various compositions can be used. For example, as representative glass, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, etc. can be cited.

The composition of the glass that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited. As an example, SiO ₂ is 50 to 80% by weight, Al ₂ O ₃ is 0.1 to 10% by weight, Na ₂ O+K ₂ O is 1 to 30% by weight, and CaO It is 1 to 30% by weight, MgO is 0.1 to 10% by weight, and B ₂ O ₃ is 0 to 20% by weight. In addition, BaO, ZrO ₂ , and Fe ₂ O ₃ may be contained as other components. However, when used as a cover glass on the light-receiving surface side of a crystalline solar cell module, the glass composition with less iron oxide can increase the transmittance in the near-infrared region, so the Fe ₂ O ₃ conversion is preferably 0.04 % By weight or less, more preferably 0.02% by weight or less.

The glass manufacturing method is not particularly limited, and it can be manufactured by heating the glass raw material at 1500 to 1600°C and then molding it into a plate shape.

Various methods can be used for the glass forming method, and examples thereof include a float method and a rolling method. If the rolling method is used, embossed unevenness can be formed on the surface of the glass substrate.

When such embossed concavities and convexities are used in the cover glass on the light-receiving surface side of laminated crystalline solar cell modules, etc., when used on the side of the sealing material, the area of contact with the sealing material can be increased, so the reliability of the solar cell module can be improved. Sex. In addition, due to the embossed unevenness, the traveling direction of the sunlight incident from the light-receiving surface side is refracted at the interface with the sealing material in an oblique direction with respect to the cell surface, thereby increasing the power generation efficiency of the solar cell module. .

[Formation of fine surface irregularities] A method of causing abrasive materials such as alumina powder, silicon dioxide powder, and silicon carbide powder to collide with the surface of the glass substrate at high speed can be used to form fine surface irregularities on the glass substrate of the present invention.

Specifically, a sandblasting method using compressed air generated by a compressor to be blown to the surface, and a shot blasting method using a centrifugal force to project an abrasive material onto the glass surface by a spinning body to generate fine surface irregularities. In addition, wet sandblasting can also be used.

The JIS R6001-1:2017 particle size of the abrasive used here is F46 or more and F220 or less, and more preferably F46 or more and F100 or less.

The JIS R6001-1:2017 particle size of the abrasive used in the shot blasting method is F46 or more and F220 or less, and more preferably F46 or more and F100 or less. The abrasive used in the sandblasting method has a particle size of JIS R6001-1: 2017 above F46 and below F220, or JIS R6001-2: 2017 with a particle size above #240 above #400 below, and more preferably F100 above F220, and # Above 240# Below 400. More preferably, it is #240 or more and #400 or less.

However, when the abrasive material does not conform to the JIS standard, the test sieve in paragraph 3 of the table 3 of the JIS standard-the standard particle size distribution of coarse particles must be left on the nominal mesh and the sieve. When the particle size distribution test is performed on all test sieves of the nominal mesh described in the "Minimum Mass Fraction", the value of the nominal mesh with the largest mass fraction remaining on the nominal mesh and the sieve shall be set as The particle size of the abrasive.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glass substrate after the first step (first blasting process) in the manufacturing method of the present invention.

The fine surface irregularities 2a-2d of the glass substrate 1 formed by the above-mentioned method may remain cracks 3a-3j, which may cause the glass substrate to crack during the heat strengthening treatment. Or, there is a possibility that the mechanical strength of the heat-treated glass substrate may be significantly reduced.

[Removal of fine surface irregularities and cracks remaining on the glass substrate] Here, an abrasive having a particle size sufficiently smaller than the abrasive material used to form the fine surface irregularities 2a to 2d of the glass substrate 1 is used, and the second step is similarly performed on the glass substrate surface 1 using sandblasting or shot blasting. The second blasting process), by which the cracks remaining on the fine surface irregularities 2a-2d can be removed without greatly changing the shape of the fine surface irregularities 2a-2d. In the method using sandblasting, in order to remove the fine surface irregularities and cracks remaining on the glass substrate, it is more effective to collide with the abrasive material at a small angle relative to the surface of the glass substrate. It is better to set it to 20 based on the balance with the abrasive force. °The angle from left to right. The abrasive particles that can be used here have a particle size of #240 or more and #2000 or less, and more preferably #400 or more and #1000 or less. More preferably, it is #600 or more and #1000 or less.

The particle size of the abrasive is specified by the JIS R6001-2: 2017 "Grinding Particle Size for Grinding Stones-Part 2: Micropowder" of the JIS Table 5-Standard Particle Size Distribution of Micropowder for Precision Grinding (Resistance Test Method).

However, in the case of abrasive materials that do not comply with the JIS standard, that is, Table 5 of the JIS, the standard particle size distribution (resistance test method) of fine powder for precision grinding, the particle size of the abrasive may be the resistance specified in the JIS standard The value represented by the particle diameter dS50 at the 50% point of the cumulative height in the test method.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glass substrate after the second step (second blasting processing) in the manufacturing method of the present invention. The fine surface concavities and convexities 5a to 5d of the glass substrate 4 represent the following: the fine surface concavities and convexities 2a to 2d formed in the above-mentioned first step (first blasting process) and the second step (second blasting process) For the polisher, by the second step (second blasting processing), the fine surface irregularities (Figure 1) 2a to 2d remaining in the above step (first blasting processing) 2a-2d cracks 3a～ 3j disappears or reduces its size. The cracks 6a and 6b indicate that the size of the cracks 3a and 3h has decreased.

As a method of judging whether the fine surface irregularities and cracks remaining on the glass substrate can be removed to a desired ratio, a method of measuring the ratio of the area of the cracks observed with an optical microscope can be cited. Specifically, at the focal position, for example, at a magnification of 100 times, in an enlarged image with a field of view of 1000 μm×1000 μm or more, based on the area of the area where the crack is observed as a white crack due to the scattering and reflection of the irradiated light The ratio of the area relative to the image area of the field of view can be calculated as the ratio of the area of the crack. In addition, the method of determining the ratio of the area of the cracks by setting the threshold of light and dark by image processing can also be used as a simple method.

In the above method, the fine surface irregularities can be formed on the surface of the glass substrate, so that the sunlight is diffusely reflected on the glass surface, and the intensity of the regular reflection light relative to the incident angle of the sunlight is reduced, and the image of the sun can be reflected. Into disappear. As an indicator of the intensity of regular reflection light relative to the incident angle of sunlight, glossiness can be used. The gloss is measured by a method based on the specular gloss measurement method described in JIS Z8741-1997, and when the incident angle is 60 degrees and the measurement angle is 60 degrees, it is preferably at least 10 or less, and more preferably 5 or less.

The measurement of reflection is to visually observe the halogen lamp lit in the black curtain at a normal angle of 60 degrees relative to the glass substrate to determine whether the filament of the halogen lamp can be confirmed.

In order to effectively embody these effects, the surface roughness of the glass substrate should have an arithmetic average roughness of 0.5 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and the maximum height roughness of the surface should be 10 μm or more and 50 μm or less. Preferably, the arithmetic average roughness is 0.5 μm to 3 μm, and the maximum height roughness is 10 μm or more and 40 μm or less.

The above-mentioned arithmetic average roughness and maximum height roughness are obtained by measuring with a contact surface roughness meter in accordance with JIS B0601. The cutoff value λc used here is set to 0.08 mm. It is also possible to measure the above-mentioned arithmetic average roughness and maximum height roughness by using optical measuring equipment such as a laser microscope in the same way. In addition, in line roughness measurement, when the measurement value has a large error with respect to the measurement location and measurement direction on the sample surface, it is preferable to use an optical measurement device such as a laser microscope to apply ISO 25178 to measure the surface roughness . Similarly, the cut-off value in the measurement is set to 0.08 mm. In this case, the obtained surface roughness parameters, namely the arithmetic mean height and maximum height, are used as the line roughness parameters, namely the arithmetic mean roughness and maximum height roughness values, respectively.

[Heat Strengthening Treatment] The thermal strengthening process is produced by heating the glass substrate to the vicinity of its softening temperature, and then blowing air on the glass surface to quench it.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glass substrate after thermal strengthening in the manufacturing method of the present invention. The fine surface concavities and convexities 8a-8d of the substrate 7 correspond to the fine surface concavities and convexities 5a-5d formed in the second step (the second blasting process) that have been thermally strengthened.

In a glass substrate with fine surface irregularities, there is a tendency for the pH value of the contact moisture on the surface of the glass substrate to increase. The reason can be explained as the exchange of Na ions and water hydrogen ions in the composition of the glass substrate. In addition, if the pH value of the water on the surface of the glass substrate exceeds 9, it may dissolve the glass substrate by itself, and the appearance of the glass surface is greatly impaired. Therefore, the pH value of the water on the surface of the glass substrate is preferably less than 9, preferably 8-7, and more preferably 7.

By thermally strengthening the glass substrate with fine surface irregularities, the pH value of the moisture in contact with the surface of the glass substrate can be reduced. Thereby, it is possible to prevent condensation on the surface of the glass substrate from causing changes in the appearance of the glass substrate when the glass substrate is stored or when the solar cell module using the glass substrate is stored. In addition, if the ratio of the cracks remaining on the glass substrate with fine surface irregularities is smaller, the pH value of the moisture in contact with the surface of the glass substrate after heat strengthening becomes smaller, which is more advantageous. The ratio of the cracks remaining on the glass substrate with fine surface irregularities is preferably at least less than 10%, and more preferably less than 5%. More preferably, it is less than 1%.

As one of the test methods to measure the pH value and appearance of the water on the surface of the glass substrate by contacting moisture with the surface of the glass substrate, it can be exemplified in the glass substrate with the above-mentioned fine surface irregularities and a 15 cm×15 cm size polyethylene buffer Keep 2 ml of distilled water for 12 hours between materials (product name Air Cap, etc.), and perform a wetness test for pH measurement and appearance confirmation of the water.

The higher the temperature of the glass substrate during thermal strengthening, and the longer its holding time, the easier it is to realize the effect of the above thermal strengthening treatment.

[Basic composition and manufacturing method of solar cell module] Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anti-glare type crystalline solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

On the light-receiving surface side of the crystalline solar battery cells 14a-14d, the heat-strengthened glass substrate 11 with fine surface irregularities of the present invention is arranged, and the protective material 16 is arranged on the back side. Sealing materials 12 and 15 are provided between the heat-strengthened glass substrate 11 having fine surface irregularities and the back side protection material 16, and the crystalline solar battery cells 14a-14d are sealed by the sealing material. The heat-strengthened glass substrate 11 having fine surface irregularities is provided with the fine surface irregularities on the light-receiving surface side.

In the production of the anti-glare type crystalline solar cell module 10, the crystalline solar cell units 14a-14d are electrically connected via the conductive members 13a-13e.

The crystalline solar battery cells 14a-14d connected in this way are sandwiched between the light-receiving surface side heat-strengthened glass substrate 11 with fine surface irregularities and the back side protective material 16 through the sealing materials 12, 15 to form an anti-glare crystalline solar Battery module. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable to sequentially laminate the sealing material 12, the crystalline solar battery cells 14a-14d, and the sealing material on the surface opposite to the light-receiving surface side of the heat-strengthened glass substrate 11 with fine surface irregularities. The material 15 and the back side protection material 16 are formed as a laminate. Then, it is preferable to harden the sealing materials 12 and 15 by heating the laminate under specific conditions. Furthermore, by installing an aluminum frame (not shown), etc., an anti-glare type crystalline solar cell module 10 can be made. The conditions for heating the laminate are preferably a temperature of 140°C to 160°C, a time of 3 minutes to 18 minutes, and a pressure of 90 kPa to 120 kPa.

It is preferable that the back side protection material 16 is arranged on the back side of each of the crystalline solar battery cells 14a to 14d to protect the back side of the anti-glare type crystalline solar battery module 10. As the back side protective material 16, a resin film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a laminated film having a structure in which aluminum foil is sandwiched by a resin film, a glass substrate, etc. can be used.

The sealing materials 12 and 15 seal the crystalline solar battery cells 14a-14d between the heat-strengthened glass substrate 11 having fine surface irregularities and the backside protection material 16. As the sealing material, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA), ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer resin (EEA), polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB), silicone, urethane, acrylic, Translucent resin such as epoxy.

As the sealing materials 12 and 15, olefin-based sealing materials may also be used. Since the olefin-based sealing material has a lower water vapor transmission rate than a sealing material containing EVA, etc., it can suppress the penetration of water into the module. Therefore, deterioration of insulating members and the like can be prevented, and the reliability of the module can be improved.

As the material of the olefin-based sealing material, any of non-crosslinked olefins and crosslinked olefins can be used. Non-crosslinked olefins are softer than crosslinked olefins. Therefore, when the solar cell module is bent into a curved shape for use, the material of the olefin-based sealing material can be flexibly used. For example, when the solar cell module is bent after modularization, non-crosslinked olefins can be preferably used. On the other hand, when the module is manufactured in a bent state, it can be preferably used. Cross-linked olefins.

The anti-glare crystalline solar cell module 10 can be manufactured as described above, but the basic structure and manufacturing method of the solar cell module are not limited to the above.

[Composition of solar cell module] In the present invention, as the crystalline solar cell module, any crystalline silicon-based solar cell module can be used as long as the photoelectric conversion portion has a crystalline silicon substrate.

In one form of the crystalline silicon solar cell module, the light-receiving surface side of a crystalline silicon substrate of one conductivity type (p-type or n-type) diffuses conductive impurities such as phosphorous atoms to form an opposite conductivity type (n-type). Or p-type) silicon layer to form a photoelectric conversion part including a semiconductor junction. In this diffusion type crystalline silicon solar cell, a transparent electrode layer is not formed, so a collector electrode is formed on the photoelectric conversion part including the semiconductor junction.

Furthermore, in one form of the so-called heterojunction crystalline silicon solar cell module, due to the light-receiving side of a conductive (n-type or p-type) crystalline silicon substrate, CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition, chemical vapor deposition) is used. Phase deposition) method to form a silicon layer of opposite conductivity type (p-type or n-type) to form a semiconductor junction on the light-receiving surface side. Furthermore, solar cell modules in which a silicon layer of the same conductivity type (n-type or p-type) is formed by CVD method or the like on the light-receiving surface side of the above-mentioned conductivity type (n-type or p-type) crystalline silicon substrate can also be cited As an example. In this heterogeneous junction type crystalline silicon solar cell, a collector is also formed.

(collector) The collector may also include a plurality of finger electrodes and a bus electrode that concentrates the current collected by the finger electrodes. In general, the bus bar electrode is formed substantially orthogonal to the finger electrode.

The distance between the finger electrodes, the width of the finger electrodes and the width of the bus bar electrodes can be appropriately selected according to the resistance of the transparent electrode layer formed on the light-receiving surface side of the photoelectric conversion part.

As the forming material of the collector, a paste containing a binder resin or the like can be used. In order to sufficiently improve the conductivity of the collector formed by the screen printing method, it is preferable to harden the collector by heat treatment. Therefore, as the binder resin contained in the paste, it is preferable to use a material that can be cured at a drying temperature, and epoxy resin, phenol resin, acrylic resin, etc. can be used.

The collector electrode can be formed by a known method such as an inkjet method, a screen printing method, a wire bonding method, a spray method, a vacuum evaporation method, a sputtering method, and a plating method. For example, a mask corresponding to the pattern shape can be used to form the collector electrode by a vacuum evaporation method or a sputtering method. Among them, since the wire can be thinned, it is preferable to form the collector electrode by a plating method.

(Back electrode) A back electrode is formed on the transparent electrode layer on the back side. In the same way as the collector electrode on the light-receiving surface side, a back electrode (a metal electrode serving as an auxiliary electrode) is provided on the surface of the transparent electrode layer on the back side to improve current extraction efficiency.

As the back electrode, it is more desirable to use a material with high reflectivity of light in the near infrared to infrared region and high electrical conductivity or chemical stability. As a material satisfying such characteristics, silver or aluminum can be cited. The film forming method of the back electrode is not particularly limited, and a physical vapor deposition method such as a sputtering method or a vacuum vapor deposition method, a printing method such as screen printing, a plating method, etc. can be applied.

The back electrode is used as a collector electrode on the opposite side to the light-receiving surface, so it can also be formed to cover the entire surface of the photoelectric conversion part. In addition, the back electrode may be formed in a pattern like the collector electrode on the light-receiving surface side.

Above, the solar cell module of the present invention can be any solar cell module as long as it includes the cover glass on the light-receiving surface side. The solar cell units constituting the solar cell module of the present invention above are those containing a crystalline silicon substrate or perovskite The mineral type, compound type, etc. are not particularly limited. [Example]

(Example 1) The preparation size is 300 mm×333 mm×thickness 3.2 mm, and contains 71 to 73% by weight of _{SiO 2} , 0.6 to 1.5% by weight of _{Al 2} O ₃ , and 13.5 to 15 _{% by weight of Na 2} O+K _{2 O} %, CaO is 8-10% by weight, MgO is 3-4.5% by weight, SO _{3 is} less than 0.5% by weight, and Fe ₂ O _{3 is} less than 0.015% by weight. The template is embossed on the opposite side of the light-receiving surface Glass substrate (non-reinforced).

The light-receiving surface side of the glass substrate is made of white fused alumina and has a particle size distribution that conforms to JIS R6001-1: 2017 "Grinding for Grinding Stones-Part 1: Coarse Grains", and is consistent with the JIS No. Table 3-The abrasive material corresponding to the standard particle size distribution of coarse-grained F80 (center particle size 180 μm～150 μm) is subjected to the first step of blasting processing to form fine surface unevenness on the surface (surface) side of the glass substrate . Table 1 shows the arithmetic average roughness, the maximum height roughness, the ratio of the area of the cracks, the glossiness, and the state of reflection of the fine concavities and convexities of the obtained glass substrate.

For the above-mentioned glass substrate with fine surface irregularities, a white fused alumina made of white fused alumina with a particle size distribution that complies with JIS R6001-2: 2017 "Grinding Grinding Stones for Grinding-Part 2: Micropowder" is used. JIS Table 5-Standard particle size distribution of fine powder for precision polishing (resistance test method) The particle size #800 corresponding to the abrasive material (center particle size 14 μm) is subjected to the second blasting process, and the residue is left on the fine surface of the glass substrate Removal of bumps and cracks. According to Table 1, although the arithmetic average roughness and the maximum height roughness are slightly smaller, the gloss value of the glass substrate surface is reduced from 6.5 to 4.4, and then the reflection disappears, and the fine surface unevenness The ratio of cracked area is reduced to 0.2%.

Since the measurement of the arithmetic average roughness and maximum height roughness of the obtained glass substrate has a large error in the measurement direction, it is set as the measurement value of the surface roughness according to ISO 25178. Using the VK9700 laser microscope manufactured by KEYENCE, calculate the arithmetic average height and the maximum height from the laser image in the area of 94 μm×71 μm, and set them as the values of the arithmetic average roughness and the maximum height roughness respectively. The cut-off value is set to 0.08 mm.

The ratio of the area of the obtained fine surface irregularities and cracks remaining on the glass substrate is obtained by using a VK9700 laser microscope manufactured by KEYENCE to perform image processing on an optical image of 1414 μm×1061 μm magnified to approximately 100 times. The ratio of the cracks from the fine surface irregularities remaining on the glass substrate and the area where the cracks are observed in white due to the scattering and reflection of the irradiated light.

The measurement of gloss was performed using a hand-held gloss meter PG-II manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Co., Ltd. at an incident angle of 60 degrees and a measurement angle of 60 degrees.

The heat strengthening treatment is implemented after heating the above-mentioned glass substrate to approximately 650°C, and then blowing air to the glass surface to quench it.

As shown in Table 1, before and after the heat strengthening treatment, no changes were observed in the arithmetic average roughness, the maximum roughness, and the ratio of the cracked area of the glass substrate with the above-mentioned fine surface irregularities. However, it can be seen that the pH value after the wet test decreased from 9 to 8 to 7, and the appearance of the glass substrate surface with the fine surface irregularities after the wet test improved. (Example 2-1) The same stencil glass substrate (non-strengthened) as in Example 1 was prepared.

The light-receiving surface side of the glass substrate is made of white fused alumina and has a particle size distribution that conforms to JIS R6001-2: 2017 "Grinding Grinding Stones for Grinding-Part 2: Micropowder", and is consistent with the JIS table 5-Standard particle size distribution of fine powder for precision grinding (resistance test method) The particle size #400 corresponding to the abrasive material (center particle size 30 μm) is subjected to the first air jet processing to form fine particles on the surface (surface) side of the glass substrate The surface is uneven. Table 2 shows the arithmetic average roughness, maximum height roughness, ratio of cracked area, glossiness, and reflection state of the fine concavity and convexity of the obtained glass substrate.

For the above-mentioned glass substrate with fine surface irregularities, a white fused alumina made of white fused alumina with a particle size distribution that complies with JIS R6001-2: 2017 "Grinding Grinding Stones for Grinding-Part 2: Micropowder" is used. Table 5 of JIS standard particle size distribution (resistance test method) of fine grinding powder (resistance test method), particle size #800 corresponding to the abrasive material (center particle size 14 μm) is subjected to the second air jet processing, and the fine particles remaining on the glass substrate Removal of uneven surface cracks. According to Table 1, although the arithmetic average roughness and the maximum height roughness are slightly smaller, the gloss value of the glass substrate surface is reduced from 4.5 to 1.7, and then the reflection disappears, and the fine surface unevenness The ratio of cracked area is reduced to 0.2%.

As shown in Table 2, before and after the heat strengthening treatment, no changes were observed in the arithmetic average roughness, the maximum roughness, and the ratio of the cracked area of the glass substrate with the above-mentioned fine surface irregularities. However, it can be seen that the pH value after the wet test decreased from 8 to 7, and the appearance of the glass substrate surface with the fine surface irregularities after the wet test improved. (Example 2-2) The same stencil glass substrate (non-strengthened) as in Example 1 was prepared.

The light-receiving surface side of the glass substrate is made of white fused alumina and has a particle size distribution that conforms to JIS R6001-2: 2017 "Grinding Grinding Stones for Grinding-Part 2: Micropowder", and is consistent with the JIS table 5-Standard particle size distribution of fine powder for precision grinding (resistance test method) The particle size #320 corresponding to the abrasive material (central particle size 40 μm) is subjected to the first air jet processing to form fine particles on the surface (surface) side of the glass substrate The surface is uneven. Table 2 shows the arithmetic average roughness, maximum height roughness, ratio of cracked area, glossiness, and reflection state of the fine concavity and convexity of the obtained glass substrate.

For the above-mentioned glass substrate with fine surface irregularities, a white fused alumina made of white fused alumina with a particle size distribution that complies with JIS R6001-2: 2017 "Grinding Grinding Stones for Grinding-Part 2: Micropowder" is used. Table 5 of JIS standard particle size distribution (resistance test method) of fine grinding powder (resistance test method), particle size #800 corresponding to the abrasive material (center particle size 14 μm) is subjected to the second air jet processing, and the fine particles remaining on the glass substrate Removal of uneven surface cracks. According to Table 1, although the arithmetic average roughness and the maximum height roughness are slightly smaller, the gloss value of the glass substrate surface is reduced from 4.5 to 1.6, and then the reflection disappears, and the fine surface unevenness The ratio of cracked area is reduced to 0.2%.

As shown in Table 2, before and after the heat strengthening treatment, no changes were observed in the arithmetic average roughness, the maximum roughness, and the ratio of the cracked area of the glass substrate with the above-mentioned fine surface irregularities. However, it can be seen that the pH value after the wet test decreased from 8 to 7, and the appearance of the glass substrate surface with the fine surface irregularities after the wet test improved.

[Table 1] Example 1 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 The particle size of the abrasive in the first step F80 F80 F80 The particle size of the abrasive in the second step #800 - #800 Characteristic value After the first step After the second step After the heat treatment step After the first step After the heat treatment step After the first step After the second step After the heat treatment step Arithmetic average roughness (μm) 1.6 0.97 0.97 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.1 1.1 Maximum height roughness (μm) 19.1 12.5 12.5 19.1 19.1 19.1 12.8 12.8 Gloss 6.5 4.4 4.4 6.5 6.5 6.5 5.2 5.2 Reflected in Have no no Have Have Have no no Ratio of cracked area (%) 13.5 0.2 0.2 13.5 13.5 13.5 1.3 1.3 PH after wetting test 9～8 7 8 9 7 Appearance of glass surface after wetting test no change Roughly unchanged There is a change in appearance at the edge no change Roughly unchanged Transmittance retention rate (calculated based on the average value of 400 nm-1200 nm) 98.3% 97.0%

[Table 2] Example 2-1 Example 2-2 The particle size of the abrasive in the first step #400 #320 The particle size of the abrasive in the second step #800 #800 Characteristic value After the first step After the second step After the heat treatment step After the first step After the second step After the heat treatment step Arithmetic average roughness (μm) 1.2 0.94 0.94 1.3 1.2 1.2 Maximum height roughness (μm) 13.2 11.5 11.5 14.5 12.8 12.8 Gloss 4.5 1.7 1.7 4.2 1.6 1.6 Reflected in no no no no no no Ratio of cracked area (%) 5.2 0.2 0.2 7.2 0.2 0.2 PH after wetting test 8 7 8 7 Appearance of glass surface after wetting test no change Roughly unchanged no change Roughly unchanged Transmittance retention rate (calculated based on the average value of 400 nm-1200 nm) 98.6% 98.5%

(Comparative example 1) In Example 1, when the second blasting process was not performed, the ratio of the cracks remaining on the surface of the glass substrate increased to 13.5%, and the pH value was also the same in the wet test after heat strengthening. Increased to 8, the appearance change after the wet test is also a larger result. Fig. 5 shows the comparison of the appearance after the wet test of the surface of the glass substrate having the fine surface irregularities after the heat strengthening treatment. The left side of FIG. 5 is the glass substrate of Example 1, and the right side of FIG. 5 is the glass substrate of Comparative Example 1.

(Comparative example 2) After the glass substrate was processed by the first blasting process in the same manner as in Example 1, the second blasting process was used to remove the cracks remaining on the glass substrate with fine surface irregularities. The ratio of the area of the cracks was 1.3%. Compared with Example 1, the appearance change after the wetness test was at the same level. However, because the ratio of the area of the crack is relatively large, 1.3%, the transmittance relative to the retention rate of the unprocessed glass substrate (calculated based on the average transmittance of 400 nm-1200 nm) is affected by it. 98.3% of 1 was reduced to 97.0%.

(Example 3) For the heat-strengthened glass substrate with fine surface concavities and convexities obtained in Example 1, the glass surface side with the fine surface concavities and convexities was arranged on the light-receiving surface side to produce a crystalline solar cell module.

The protective material on the back side of the crystalline solar cell module uses a laminated film with a total thickness of 82 μm including a fluororesin film, a gas barrier PET resin film, and a PET resin film with a primer. Between the heat-strengthened glass substrate with the fine surface unevenness and a crystalline solar cell unit of 6 inches square size, a fast-curing EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin) with a thickness of 0.5 mm is arranged, Between the crystalline solar cell unit and the protective material, a quick-curing EVA with a thickness of 0.5 mm is similarly arranged, sealed with a vacuum laminator, and the EVA is thermally cured.

Here, the conditions of the vacuum laminator are the glass substrate temperature of 140°C, the vacuum time of 3 minutes, the press time of 5 minutes, and the press pressure of 90 kPa.

In addition, on the light-receiving surface side of the 6-inch square crystalline solar cell unit, there are formed finger electrodes and bus bar electrodes formed by thermally hardening the Ag paste. On the back side, a back electrode formed by forming Ag paste into a constant thickness and an island-shaped bus bar electrode are formed. A copper foil with a width of 2 mm was used to impregnate a copper foil on the light-receiving side and the back side, respectively, and electrically connected and sealed to obtain a crystalline solar cell module. In order to connect the copper foil to a terminal box, etc., it was removed from the crystalline solar cell module. The end of the group is led to the outside.

The maximum output of the obtained solar cell module is 4.22 W, the open circuit voltage is 0.631 V, and the short circuit current is 9.18 A.

1: The schematic diagram of the surface of the glass substrate after the first spray processing 2a～2d: Surface irregularities formed on the surface of the glass substrate after the first blasting process 3a～3j: Cracks remaining on the surface of the glass substrate after the first blasting process 4: The schematic diagram of the surface of the glass substrate after the second spray processing 5a～5d: Surface irregularities formed on the surface of the glass substrate after the second blasting process 6a, 6b: Cracks remaining on the surface of the glass substrate after the second blasting process 7: The schematic diagram of the surface of the glass substrate after heat strengthening treatment 8a～8d: Surface irregularities formed on the surface of the glass substrate after heat strengthening treatment 9a～9b: Cracks remaining on the surface of the glass substrate after heat strengthening 10: Anti-glare crystalline solar cell module 11: Heat-strengthened glass substrate with fine surface unevenness 12: Sealing material 13: Conductive member 13a～13e: conductive member 14: Crystalline solar cell unit 14a～14d: Crystalline solar cell unit 15: Sealing material 16: Back side protection material

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glass substrate after the first step (first blasting process) in the manufacturing method of the present invention. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glass substrate after the second step (second blasting processing) in the manufacturing method of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glass substrate after thermal strengthening in the manufacturing method of the present invention. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anti-glare type crystalline solar cell module using the heat-strengthened glass substrate with fine surface irregularities of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a comparison of the appearance of the glass surface after evaluating the heat-strengthened glass substrate with fine surface irregularities of the present invention by a wetness test.

7: The schematic diagram of the surface of the glass substrate after heat strengthening treatment

8a~8d: Surface unevenness formed on the surface of the glass substrate after heat strengthening treatment

9a~9b: Cracks remaining on the surface of the glass substrate after heat strengthening

Claims (9)

A method for manufacturing a thermally strengthened glass substrate, which comprises: The first step is to spray and process the surface of the glass substrate that has not been thermally strengthened with an abrasive with a particle size of JIS R6001-1: 2017 above F46 and below F220; The second step is to process the glass substrate after the first step above with #240 above #2000 and below JIS R6001-2: 2017 grit abrasives to form arithmetic on the surface of the glass substrate The average roughness is 0.5 μm or more and 5 μm or less, the maximum height roughness of the surface of the glass substrate is 10 μm or more and 50 μm or less, and the area of the cracks existing on the surface of the glass substrate is less than 1%. A glass substrate with uneven surface; and The third step is to heat strengthen the glass substrate on which the above-mentioned surface irregularities are formed. Such as the manufacturing method of the thermally strengthened glass substrate of claim 1, wherein The abrasive used in the first step mentioned above is JIS R6001-1:2017 with a particle size of F46 or more and F100 or less, The abrasive used in the above second step is JIS R6001-2: 2017 with a particle size of #400 or more and #1000 or less. The method for manufacturing a heat-strengthened glass substrate of claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat-strengthening treatment condition of the heat-strengthening step is such that the pH value of the moisture in contact with the surface of the glass substrate after the heat-strengthening treatment is higher than that of the heat-strengthening treatment The condition that the pH value of the water contacted by the surface of the glass substrate is reduced. A solar cell module comprising tempered glass manufactured by the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1 to 3 as cover glass on the light-receiving surface side. A method for manufacturing a thermally strengthened glass substrate, which comprises: The first step is to use abrasives with a particle size of JIS R6001-1: 2017 above F46 and below F220, or JIS R6001-2: 2017 below #240 and #400 on the surface of the glass substrate that has not been thermally strengthened. Granular abrasives are processed by spraying; The second step is to process the glass substrate after the first step above with #600 above #2000 and below JIS R6001-2: 2017 grit abrasives to form arithmetic on the surface of the glass substrate The average roughness is 0.5 μm or more and 5 μm or less, the maximum height roughness of the surface of the glass substrate is 10 μm or more and 50 μm or less, and the area of the cracks existing on the surface of the glass substrate is less than 1%. A glass substrate with uneven surface; and The third step is to heat strengthen the glass substrate on which the above-mentioned surface irregularities are formed. Such as the manufacturing method of the thermally strengthened glass substrate of claim 5, wherein The blasting process in the first step above is blasting using shot blasting. The abrasive used is JIS R6001-1:2017 with a particle size of F46 or more and F100 or less. The abrasive used in the above second step is JIS R6001-2: 2017 with a particle size of #400 or more and #1000 or less. Such as the manufacturing method of the thermally strengthened glass substrate of claim 5, wherein The blasting process in the first step above is blasting by air blasting. The abrasive used is JIS R6001-1: 2017 with a particle size of F100 or more and F220 or less, or JIS R6001-2: 2017 with a particle size of # Above 240# Below 400, The abrasive used in the above second step is JIS R6001-2: 2017 with a particle size of #600 or more and #1000 or less. The method for manufacturing a heat-strengthened glass substrate according to any one of Claims 5 to 7, wherein the heat-strengthening treatment condition of the heat-strengthening step is such that the pH value of the moisture in contact with the surface of the glass substrate after the heat-strengthening treatment is relatively high. The conditions under which the pH value of the moisture in contact with the surface of the glass substrate before heat strengthening treatment is reduced. A solar cell module comprising tempered glass manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 5 to 8 as cover glass on the light-receiving surface side.

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