TW202107131A - Light guide plate, backlight module and display device - Google Patents
Light guide plate, backlight module and display device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種導光元件及其應用,且特別是有關於一種導光板及使用此導光板的背光模組以及顯示裝置。 The present invention relates to a light guide element and its application, and more particularly to a light guide plate, a backlight module and a display device using the light guide plate.
請參照圖1,其係繪示習知背光模組之裝置示意圖。習知背光模組100主要包含光源110以及導光板120,且光源110鄰設導光板120的入光面121。由於光源110與導光板120之間具有空氣層,且空氣的折射率與導光板120的折射率的落差大。因此,當光線從光源110射出後經過空氣層而進入導光板時,具有較大入射角的光線容易被反射,而造成能量損失。
Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a conventional backlight module. The
因此,本發明之一目的是在提供一種導光板、背光模組、以及顯示裝置,其中導光板可充分利用光源所提供之光線,並可減少光線之能量損失。 Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a light guide plate, a backlight module, and a display device, wherein the light guide plate can make full use of the light provided by the light source and can reduce the energy loss of the light.
根據本發明之上述目的,提出一種導光板。此 導光板包含本體以及入光結構。本體具有入光側面。入光結構設置在入光側面上,其中入光結構包含至少二層狀結構。其中,層狀結構的折射率均小於本體之折射率,且較靠近本體的層狀結構的折射率大於遠離本體的層狀結構的折射率。 According to the above objective of the present invention, a light guide plate is provided. this The light guide plate includes a body and a light incident structure. The body has a light-incident side surface. The light incident structure is arranged on the light incident side surface, wherein the light incident structure includes at least two layered structures. Wherein, the refractive index of the layered structure is less than the refractive index of the body, and the refractive index of the layered structure closer to the body is greater than the refractive index of the layered structure farther from the body.
依據本發明之一實施例,上述之層狀結構的折射率介於空氣與本體之材料的折射率之間。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the refractive index of the above-mentioned layered structure is between the refractive index of air and the material of the body.
依據本發明之一實施例,上述之每一層層狀結構為鍍膜結構。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the above-mentioned layered structures is a coating structure.
依據本發明之一實施例,上述之層狀結構的折射率範圍從1到1.59。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the refractive index of the above-mentioned layered structure ranges from 1 to 1.59.
依據本發明之一實施例,上述之本體的入光側面具有法線,且層狀結構是沿法線層疊。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the light incident side surface of the aforementioned body has a normal line, and the layered structure is stacked along the normal line.
依據本發明之一實施例,上述之層狀結構包含第一層狀結構、第二層狀結構、第三層狀結構以及第四層狀結構。其中,第一層狀結構的折射率小於第二層狀結構的折射率,第二層狀結構的折射率小於第三層狀結構的折射率,第三層狀結構的折射率小於第四層狀結構的折射率。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned layered structure includes a first layered structure, a second layered structure, a third layered structure, and a fourth layered structure. Among them, the refractive index of the first layered structure is smaller than the refractive index of the second layered structure, the refractive index of the second layered structure is smaller than the refractive index of the third layered structure, and the refractive index of the third layered structure is smaller than that of the fourth layer. The refractive index of the crystalline structure.
依據本發明之一實施例,上述之本體為平板結構,且入光結構的厚度等於平板結構的厚度。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned body is a flat structure, and the thickness of the light incident structure is equal to the thickness of the flat structure.
依據本發明之一實施例,上述之本體包含漸縮部以及平板部。漸縮部連接平板部且具有一端部。端部的厚度大於平板部的厚度,入光側面是定義在端部的側面。入光結構的厚度等於端部的厚度。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned body includes a tapered portion and a flat portion. The tapered part is connected to the flat part and has one end. The thickness of the end portion is greater than the thickness of the flat portion, and the light incident side surface is defined on the side surface of the end portion. The thickness of the light incident structure is equal to the thickness of the end.
依據本發明之一實施例,上述之入光結構為漸 縮部。其中,遠離本體的層狀結構的厚度大於靠近本體的層狀結構的厚度。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned light incident structure is gradually Indentation. Wherein, the thickness of the layered structure far from the main body is greater than the thickness of the layered structure close to the main body.
根據本發明之上述目的,提出一種背光模組。此背光模組包含前述之導光板以及光源。光源鄰設於導光板之入光結構。 According to the above objective of the present invention, a backlight module is provided. The backlight module includes the aforementioned light guide plate and light source. The light source is adjacent to the light-incident structure of the light guide plate.
依據本發明之一實施例,上述之光源與導光板之間具有間隙,間隙的尺寸為50um以下。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is a gap between the above-mentioned light source and the light guide plate, and the size of the gap is less than 50 um.
根據本發明之上述目的,提出一種顯示裝置。此顯示裝置包含前述之導光板、光源以及顯示面板。光源鄰設於導光板之入光結構。顯示面板設置在導光板之前方。 According to the above objective of the present invention, a display device is provided. The display device includes the aforementioned light guide plate, light source and display panel. The light source is adjacent to the light-incident structure of the light guide plate. The display panel is arranged in front of the light guide plate.
由上述可知,本發明之導光板是在其本體的入光側面上設置入光結構,以作為銜接空氣層與本體之間的介質。透過入光結構的折射率變化來引導光源所產生之大角度光線進入本體中,可達到減少光能量的損失與提升光線的利用效率之功效。 It can be seen from the above that the light guide plate of the present invention is provided with a light incident structure on the light incident side of its body as a medium connecting the air layer and the body. The large-angle light generated by the light source is guided into the main body through the refractive index change of the light incident structure, which can reduce the loss of light energy and improve the efficiency of light utilization.
100‧‧‧背光模組 100‧‧‧Backlight Module
110‧‧‧光源 110‧‧‧Light source
120‧‧‧導光板 120‧‧‧Light guide plate
121‧‧‧入光面 121‧‧‧Glossy surface
200‧‧‧顯示裝置 200‧‧‧Display device
210‧‧‧顯示面板 210‧‧‧Display Panel
300‧‧‧背光模組 300‧‧‧Backlight Module
310‧‧‧光源 310‧‧‧Light source
320‧‧‧導光板 320‧‧‧Light guide plate
321‧‧‧本體 321‧‧‧Ontology
321a‧‧‧入光側面 321a‧‧‧Into the light side
322‧‧‧入光結構 322‧‧‧Incoming light structure
322a‧‧‧第一層狀結構 322a‧‧‧First layer structure
322b‧‧‧第二層狀結構 322b‧‧‧Second layer structure
322c‧‧‧第三層狀結構 322c‧‧‧The third layered structure
322d‧‧‧第四層狀結構 322d‧‧‧Fourth layered structure
400‧‧‧背光模組 400‧‧‧Backlight Module
410‧‧‧光源 410‧‧‧Light source
420‧‧‧導光板 420‧‧‧Light guide plate
421‧‧‧本體 421‧‧‧Ontology
422‧‧‧入光結構 422‧‧‧Incoming light structure
422a‧‧‧第一層狀結構 422a‧‧‧First layer structure
422b‧‧‧第二層狀結構 422b‧‧‧Second layer structure
422c‧‧‧第三層狀結構 422c‧‧‧The third layered structure
422d‧‧‧第四層狀結構 422d‧‧‧Fourth layered structure
421a‧‧‧漸縮部 421a ‧ ‧ tapered part
421b‧‧‧平板部 421b‧‧‧Plate part
421c‧‧‧端部 421c‧‧‧End
422‧‧‧入光結構 422‧‧‧Incoming light structure
500‧‧‧背光模組 500‧‧‧Backlight Module
510‧‧‧光源 510‧‧‧Light source
520‧‧‧導光板 520‧‧‧Light guide plate
521‧‧‧本體 521‧‧‧Ontology
522‧‧‧入光結構 522‧‧‧Incoming light structure
522a‧‧‧第一層狀結構 522a‧‧‧First layer structure
522b‧‧‧第二層狀結構 522b‧‧‧Second layer structure
522c‧‧‧第三層狀結構 522c‧‧‧The third layered structure
522d‧‧‧第四層狀結構 522d‧‧‧The fourth layered structure
A1‧‧‧入光側面 A1‧‧‧Into the light side
A2‧‧‧反入光側面 A2‧‧‧Backlight side
G1‧‧‧間隙 G1‧‧‧Gap
R1‧‧‧第一光接收器 R1‧‧‧First optical receiver
R2‧‧‧第二光接收器 R2‧‧‧Second optical receiver
R3‧‧‧第三光接收器 R3‧‧‧Third optical receiver
R4‧‧‧第一光接收器 R4‧‧‧First optical receiver
R5‧‧‧第二光接收器 R5‧‧‧Second Optical Receiver
R6‧‧‧第三光接收器 R6‧‧‧Third optical receiver
S1‧‧‧法線 S1‧‧‧Normal
為了更完整了解實施例及其優點,現參照結合所附圖式所做之下列描述,其中:〔圖1〕係繪示習知背光模組之裝置示意圖;〔圖2〕係繪示依照本發明之第一實施方式之一種顯示裝置之裝置示意圖; 〔圖3〕係繪示依照本發明之第一實施方式之一種背光模組之裝置示意圖;〔圖4〕係繪示依照本發明之第二實施方式之一種背光模組之裝置示意圖;以及〔圖5〕係繪示依照本發明之第三實施方式之一種背光模組之裝置示意圖。 For a more complete understanding of the embodiments and their advantages, now refer to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: [FIG. 1] is a schematic diagram of a conventional backlight module; [FIG. 2] is a diagram in accordance with this A schematic diagram of a display device of the first embodiment of the invention; [Fig. 3] is a schematic diagram showing a backlight module device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; [Fig. 4] is a schematic diagram showing a backlight module device according to the second embodiment of the present invention; and [ Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a backlight module device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
請參照圖2,其係繪示依照本發明之第一實施方式之一種顯示裝置之裝置示意圖。在本實施方式中,顯示裝置200包含背光模組300及顯示面板210。背光模組300包含光源310及導光板320。光源310主要是用來提供光線至導光板320中,以使光線通過導光板320後形成面光源。其中,顯示面板210設置在導光板320的前方。在一些例子中,光源310與導光板320之間具有間隙G1,此間隙G1通常是機構組裝時自然形成的間隙,通常要求間隙尺寸為50um以下。
Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the
請繼續參照圖2,本實施方式之導光板320包含本體321以及入光結構322。本體321為平板結構,且入光結構322的厚度等於本體321的厚度。其中,本體321具有入光側面321a,本體321的入光側面321a具有法線S1,入光結構322設置在入光側面321a上。在本實施例中,入光結構322包含至少二層狀結構,其中這些層狀結構的折射率均小於本體321之折射率,且較靠近本體321的層狀結構的折射率大於遠離本體321的層狀結構的折射率。其中,這些層
狀結構的折射率介於空氣與本體321之材料的折射率之間。藉此,光源310射出之具有大入射角的光線從空氣層依序進入較遠離本體321的層狀結構與較靠近本體321之層狀結構的過程中會產生折射,且光線折射過程中會逐漸朝向入光側面321a的法線方向偏折。因此,隨著層狀結構的層數愈多,往法線方向的偏折程度就愈多,如此一來,光線就能夠以更為貼近法線或甚至以法線的方向順利進入本體321中。由此可知,入光結構322可達到避免如圖1所示之習知導光板120容易反射大入射角之光線而造成能量損失的問題。
Please continue to refer to FIG. 2, the
在一些實施例中,本體321的折射率範圍約為1.49~1.59。本體321的材料可例如為聚碳酸酯(PC)或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)。在一些實施例中,每一層層狀結構均為鍍膜結構,且層狀結構的數量不限。在一些實施例中,層狀結構是沿法線S1層疊,以使光源310所提供之光線能夠依序通過每一層層狀結構。
In some embodiments, the refractive index of the
請再次參照圖2,在圖2的例子中,入光結構322包含依序排列之第一層狀結構322a、第二層狀結構322b、第三層狀結構322c以及第四層狀結構322d。其中,第一層狀結構322a較靠近光源310且較遠離本體321,且第四層狀結構322d較靠近本體321。而且,第一層狀結構322a的折射率小於第二層狀結構322b,第二層狀結構322b的折射率小於第三層狀結構322c的折射率,第三層狀結構322c的折射率小於第四層狀結構322d的折射率。也就是說,入光結
構322的折射率變化是從較靠近光源310的一側往靠近本體321的另一側逐漸增加。藉此,當光源310所產生的具有大入射角光線依序通過第一層狀結構322a、第二層狀結構322b、第三層狀結構322c以及第四層狀結構322d時,會逐漸朝向法線S1方向產生偏折而集中進入本體321中,進而減少光反射而產生的能量損失。
Please refer to FIG. 2 again. In the example of FIG. 2, the
請參照下表1,其係將前述第一實施方式之背光模組與多個比較例分別搭配不同折射率的層狀結構所產生的模擬比較表。另請參照圖3,其係繪示依照本發明之第一實施方式之一種背光模組之裝置示意圖。為了取得光線的使用效率,如圖3所示,在光源310與第一層狀結構322a之間設置第一光接收器R1,以量測光源310的光通量。此外,在導光板320之本體321靠近入光側面321a的位置設置第二光接收器R2,以取得經過入光結構322作用的光線進入本體321中的光通量。同時,在導光板320之本體321靠近反入光側面321b的位置設置第三光接收器R3,以取得光線傳遞到反入光側面321b的光通量。在比較例中,同樣是在本體的入光側面設置四層層狀結構,並在相同位置分別設置第一光接收器、第二光接收器以及第三光接收器。其中,在本次模擬中,本體的材料為PMMA,折射率為1.49,且導光板厚度為0.52mm。
Please refer to Table 1 below, which is a simulation comparison table generated by combining the backlight module of the first embodiment and a plurality of comparative examples with layered structures with different refractive indexes. Please also refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a backlight module device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In order to obtain the efficiency of light usage, as shown in FIG. 3, a first light receiver R1 is provided between the
請參照表1,比較例1為圖1的習知導光板120架構,導光板120與光源110之間沒有設置任何入光結構,故可視為光源110所提供之光線經過四層空氣層(折射率為1)而進入導光板120中所測得之光通量。從比較例1可知,光源310所產生的光線在進入導光板120而到達反入光側的光通量從74.99031降至66.50604流明,代表能量損失約11%。由比較例2~比較例6可知,當光線經過四層折射率固定(相同)的層狀結構時,能量損失約為6%~10%。由比較例7可知,當光線分別依序經過折射率大至折射率小的層狀結構時,能量損失約為11%。反觀本案的第一實施例,由表1可知,當光線分別依序經過折射率小至折射率大的層狀結構時,能量損失僅為約3.9%。由此可知,透過本發明之入光結構322的設計,可以減少光能量之損失。
Please refer to Table 1. Comparative Example 1 is the conventional
另請參照圖4,其係繪示依照本發明之第二實施方式之一種背光模組之裝置示意圖。在本實施例中,背光模組400包含光源410及導光板420。光源410主要可提供光線
至導光板420中,以使光線通過導光板420形成面光源。在本實施例中,導光板420包含本體421及入光結構422。在本實施例中,本體421為漸縮式設計。如圖4所示,本體421包含漸縮部421a以及連接漸縮部421a的平板部421b。其中,漸縮部421a具有端部421c,其中端部421c的厚度大於平板部421b的厚度。端部421c的側面為入光側面A1。在本實施例中,入光結構422設置在入光側面A1上,且入光結構422的厚度等於端部421c的厚度。
Please also refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a backlight module device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the
請繼續參照圖4,在本實施例中,入光結構422包含至少二層狀結構,其中這些層狀結構的折射率均小於本體421之折射率,且較靠近本體421的層狀結構的折射率大於遠離本體421的層狀結構的折射率。其中,這些層狀結構的折射率介於空氣與本體421之材料的折射率之間。藉此,光源410射出之具有大入射角的光線從空氣層依序進入較遠離本體421的層狀結構與較靠近本體421之層狀結構的過程中會產生折射,而順利進入本體421中,以達到與前述相同之功效,故於此不再贅述。
Please continue to refer to FIG. 4, in this embodiment, the
如圖4所示,在圖4的例子中,入光結構422包含依序排列之第一層狀結構422a、第二層狀結構422b、第三層狀結構422c以及第四層狀結構422d。其中,第一層狀結構422a較靠近光源410且較遠離本體421,且第四層狀結構422d較靠近本體421。而且,第一層狀結構422a的折射率小於第二層狀結構422b,第二層狀結構422b的折射率小於第三層狀結構422c的折射率,第三層狀結構422c的折射
率小於第四層狀結構422d的折射率。也就是說,入光結構422的折射率變化是從較靠近光源410的一側往靠近本體421的另一側逐漸增加。藉此,當光源410所產生的具有大入射角光線依序通過第一層狀結構422a、第二層狀結構422b、第三層狀結構422c以及第四層狀結構422d時,會逐漸產生偏折而進入本體421中,進而減少光反射而產生的能量損失。
As shown in FIG. 4, in the example of FIG. 4, the
另請一併參照下表2,其係將前述第二實施方式之背光模組與多個比較例分別搭配不同折射率的層狀結構所產生的光通量模擬比較表。為了取得光線的使用效率,如圖4所示,在光源410與第一層狀結構422a之間設置第一光接收器R4,以量測光源410的光通量。此外,在導光板420之本體421靠近入光側面S1的位置設置第二光接收器R5,以取得經過入光結構422作用的光線進入本體421中的光通量。同時,在導光板420之本體421靠近反入光側面A2的位置設置第三光接收器R6,以取得光線傳遞到反入光側面A2的光通量。在比較例中,同樣是在本體的入光側面設置四層層狀結構,並在相同位置分別設置第一光接收器、第二光接收器以及第三光接收器。其中,在本次模擬中,本體的材料為PMMA,折射率為1.49,且漸縮部421a的端部421c厚度為0.52mm,平板部421b的厚度為0.4mm。
Please also refer to Table 2 below, which is a simulation comparison table of the luminous flux generated by the backlight module of the aforementioned second embodiment and a plurality of comparative examples respectively matched with layered structures with different refractive indexes. In order to obtain the efficiency of light usage, as shown in FIG. 4, a first light receiver R4 is provided between the
請參照表2,比較例8為光源與導光板之間沒有設置任何入光結構之設計,故可視為光源所提供之光線經過四層空氣層(折射率為1)而進入導光板所測得的光通量。從比較例8可知,光源所產生的光線在進入導光板而到達反入光側的光通量從74.99031降至62.90283流明,代表能量損失約16%。由比較例9~比較例13可知,當光線經過四層折射率固定(相同)的層狀結構時,能量損失約為13%~16%。由比較例14可知,當光線分別依序經過折射率大至折射率小的層狀結構時,能量損失約為17%。反觀本案的第二實施例,由表1可知,當光線分別依序經過折射率小至折射率大的層狀結構時,能量損失僅為約10.4%。由此可知,透過本發明之入光結構422的設計,可以減少光能量之損失。
Please refer to Table 2. Comparative Example 8 is a design in which there is no light-incoming structure between the light source and the light guide plate, so it can be regarded as the measurement measured when the light provided by the light source enters the light guide plate through four layers of air (refractive index is 1) Of luminous flux. It can be seen from Comparative Example 8 that the luminous flux of the light generated by the light source entering the light guide plate and reaching the light-reflecting side is reduced from 74.99031 to 62.90283 lumens, which represents an energy loss of about 16%. It can be seen from Comparative Example 9 to Comparative Example 13 that when light passes through four layers of fixed (same) refractive index, the energy loss is about 13% to 16%. It can be seen from Comparative Example 14 that when light passes through the layered structure with a high refractive index to a low refractive index in sequence, the energy loss is about 17%. In contrast to the second embodiment of the present case, it can be seen from Table 1 that when the light passes through the layered structure with a small refractive index to a large refractive index in sequence, the energy loss is only about 10.4%. It can be seen that through the design of the
另請參照圖5,其係繪示依照本發明之第三實施方式之一種背光模組之裝置示意圖。在本實施例中,背光模組500包含光源510及導光板520。在本實施例中,導光板520與圖4的導光板420類似,均為具有漸縮結構之導光板。
在本實施例中,導光板520包含本體521及入光結構522。在本實施例中,本體521的側面為入光側面A1,且入光結構522設置在入光側面A1上。其中,本體521為具有均勻厚度的平板結構,入光結構522為漸縮式結構。而且,入光結構522靠近本體521的一端厚度小於遠離本體521之一端的厚度。
Please also refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic diagram of a backlight module device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the
請繼續參照圖5,在本實施例中,入光結構522包含至少二層狀結構,其中這些層狀結構的折射率均小於本體521之折射率,且較靠近本體521的層狀結構的折射率大於遠離本體521的層狀結構的折射率。此外,較靠近本體521的層狀結構的厚度小於遠離本體521的層狀結構的厚度。
Please continue to refer to FIG. 5, in this embodiment, the
如圖5所示,入光結構522包含依序排列之第一層狀結構522a、第二層狀結構522b、第三層狀結構522c以及第四層狀結構522d。其中,第一層狀結構522a較靠近光源510且較遠離本體521,且第四層狀結構522d較靠近本體521。而且,入光結構522的折射率變化是從較靠近光源510的一側往靠近本體521的另一側逐漸增加。藉此,當光源510所產生的具有大入射角光線依序通過第一層狀結構522a、第二層狀結構522b、第三層狀結構522c以及第四層狀結構522d時,會逐漸產生偏折而進入本體521中,進而減少光反射而產生的能量損失。另一方面,利用層狀結構組合直接作為導光板的漸縮部,可避免導光板的長度過於增加,有利於窄邊框之設計需求。而且,導光板的漸縮部通常是位於發光面的無效區,故在無效區內設計能夠引導光源以使光線形成
大角度光線進入本體中,也能達到對無效區作最佳化使用。
As shown in FIG. 5, the
由上述本發明實施方式可知,本發明之導光板是在其本體的入光側面上設置入光結構,以作為銜接空氣層與本體之間的介質。透過入光結構的折射率變化來引導光源所產生之大角度光線進入本體中,可達到減少光能量的損失,及提升光線的利用效率之功效。 It can be seen from the foregoing embodiments of the present invention that the light guide plate of the present invention is provided with a light incident structure on the light incident side of its body as a medium connecting the air layer and the body. The large-angle light generated by the light source is guided into the main body through the refractive index change of the light incident structure, which can reduce the loss of light energy and improve the efficiency of light utilization.
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內,當可作些許的更動與潤飾,故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.
200‧‧‧顯示裝置 200‧‧‧Display device
210‧‧‧顯示面板 210‧‧‧Display Panel
300‧‧‧背光模組 300‧‧‧Backlight Module
310‧‧‧光源 310‧‧‧Light source
320‧‧‧導光板 320‧‧‧Light guide plate
321‧‧‧本體 321‧‧‧Ontology
321a‧‧‧入光側面 321a‧‧‧Into the light side
322‧‧‧入光結構 322‧‧‧Incoming light structure
322a‧‧‧第一層狀結構 322a‧‧‧First layer structure
322b‧‧‧第二層狀結構 322b‧‧‧Second layer structure
322c‧‧‧第三層狀結構 322c‧‧‧The third layered structure
322d‧‧‧第四層狀結構 322d‧‧‧Fourth layered structure
G1‧‧‧間隙 G1‧‧‧Gap
S1‧‧‧法線 S1‧‧‧Normal
Claims (12)
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