TW202029634A - Juicer and overload detection method detects rotation of the motor real-time through the Hall sensor in order to generate the pulse signal - Google Patents

Abstract

A juicer having overload detection method comprises a motor, a Hall sensor, a bidirectional triode thyristor, and a control unit. The control unit calculates the cumulative number of times that a pulse wave signal generated by the Hall sensor is less than a target pulse number at every first predetermined time interval within a first set time, and, at a second set time,, calculates an actual conduction time of the bidirectional triode thyristor at a predetermined cycle, and calculates the actual conduction time to subtract a predetermined conduction time so as to acquire a conduction variation. When the control unit determines that the accumulated number of times is greater than and equal to a set number of times, and the conduction variation is greater than or equal to a set amount of variation, the motor is determined to be in an overloaded state, and the motor is controlled to stop running.

Description

Juice machine and overload detection method

The invention relates to a juice machine and an overload detection method, in particular to an overload detection method using a Hall sensor and a juice machine with the overload detection method.

Referring to Figure 1, Figure 1 is a conventional juice machine, including a control unit 92, a motor 93, and a bidirectional triode thyristor (TRIAC) 94, and is suitable for electrically connecting a voltage source 91 to receive it The output voltage is used as power for operation. The voltage source 91 provides, for example, a commercial power with a frequency of 60 Hz or 50 Hz and a voltage of 100, 110, or 220 volts. In addition, it should be supplemented that: for the convenience of description, Figure 1 does not depict other parts of the juicer, such as the base, agitator, cup, etc.

The two-way triode thyristor 94 is also called a thyristor thyristor, and includes a control terminal, a first terminal electrically connected to the voltage source 91, and a second terminal. The motor 93 is electrically connected between the second end of the bidirectional three-pole thyristor 94 and the voltage source 91. The control unit 92 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the bidirectional triode thyristor 94, and generates a control signal to the control terminal, and changes the bidirectional triode thyristor by changing the duty ratio of the control signal The conduction time between the first terminal and the second terminal of 94 makes the motor 93 receive different AC voltages or currents from the voltage source 91 and can operate at different speeds.

When the juicer is turned on by the user and is set to a predetermined speed, the control unit 93 generates a control signal to the control end of the bidirectional thyristor 94, and by changing the duty of the control signal Ratio to change the conduction time between the first end and the second end of the bidirectional three-pole thyristor 94 so that the motor 93 reaches the predetermined speed. However, when the juicer has a load, especially when the load is large, such as mixing a large amount of hard fruit, the motor of the conventional juicer may be damaged due to overload. Become a problem to be solved.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an overload detection method for real-time and accurate overload detection and a juice machine with the overload detection method.

Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a juice machine including a motor, a Hall sensor, a two-way triode thyristor, and a control unit. The motor runs when it receives a drive current. The Hall sensor detects the rotation of the motor to generate a pulse signal indicating that the motor is rotating.

The two-way triode thyristor is electrically connected to the motor, and is controlled by a control signal to conduct or not conduct, and according to the duty ratio of the control signal, an actual conduction time in each predetermined period is determined. When the bidirectional triode fluid is turned on, the driving current is generated.

The control unit is electrically connected to the Hall sensor to receive the pulse wave signal, and is electrically connected to the bidirectional triode thyristor to generate the control signal, so that the rotation speed of the motor reaches a predetermined rotation speed. Wherein, the control unit calculates a pulse number of the pulse wave signal generated by the Hall sensor every first predetermined time until a first set time, and the magnitude of the pulse number corresponds to an actual motor Rotating speed. The control unit calculates the cumulative number of times that each pulse wave number is less than the target pulse wave number corresponding to the predetermined rotation speed within the first set time.

The control unit obtains the actual conduction time according to the generated control signal at a second set time, and calculates the actual conduction time minus a predetermined conduction time to obtain a conduction variation. When the control unit determines that the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to a set number of times, and the conduction variation is greater than or equal to a set variation, it is determined that the motor is in an overload state.

In some embodiments, when the control unit determines that the cumulative number of times is less than the set number of times, or when the control unit determines that the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to the set number of times, and the conduction variation is less than the set variation, Determine that the motor is in normal operation.

In some implementations, when the control unit determines that the motor is in an overloaded state, the control unit does not generate the control signal, so that the bidirectional triode thyristor does not conduct and does not generate the driving current, thereby Make the motor stop. When the control unit determines that the motor is in a normal running state, the control unit does not generate the control signal until a set conditioning time.

In other embodiments, the first set time and the second set time are related to the specifications of the motor and the predetermined rotation speed, the target pulse number is related to the predetermined rotation speed of the motor, and the predetermined period is The cycle of the AC power received by the motor, and the predetermined on-time is related to the predetermined rotation speed of the motor.

In some embodiments, the first predetermined time is 0.1 second, the first set time is 3.5 seconds, the second set time is 8 seconds, the predetermined period is 1/60 second, and the predetermined on-time is 4.6 milliseconds, the set number of times is 14, and the set change amount is 3.4 milliseconds.

Therefore, another aspect of the present invention is to provide an overload detection method suitable for a juice machine including a motor, a Hall sensor, a two-way triode fluid, and a control unit. The overload detection method includes steps (a) to (d).

In step (a), the control unit calculates a pulse wave number of a pulse wave signal generated by the Hall sensor at a first predetermined time until a first set time. The pulse signal indicates that the motor is rotating, and the magnitude of the pulse wave corresponds to an actual rotation speed of the motor.

In step (b), the control unit calculates the cumulative number of times that each pulse number is less than a target pulse number corresponding to a predetermined rotation speed of the motor within the first set time.

In step (c), the control unit calculates an actual conduction time of the bidirectional thyristor in a predetermined period at a second set time, and calculates the actual conduction time minus a predetermined conduction time to obtain One conduction variation.

In step (d), when the control unit determines that the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to a set number of times, and the conduction variation is greater than or equal to a set variation, it is determined that the motor is in an overload state.

In some embodiments, the overload detection method further includes steps (e) and (f).

In step (e), when the control unit determines that the accumulated number of times is less than the set number of times, it is determined that the motor is in a normal operating state.

In step (f), when the control unit determines that the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to the set number of times, and the conduction variation is less than the set variation, it is determined that the motor is in a normal operating state.

In other embodiments, in step (a), the first set time is related to the specifications of the motor and the predetermined rotation speed. In step (b), the target pulse number is related to the predetermined rotation speed of the motor. In step (c), the second set time is related to the specification of the motor and the predetermined rotation speed, the predetermined period is the period of the AC power received by the motor, and the predetermined on-time is related to the predetermined rotation speed of the motor.

In some embodiments, in step (a), the first predetermined time is 0.1 seconds, and the first set time is 3.5 seconds. In step (c), the second set time is 8 seconds, the predetermined period is 1/60 second, and the predetermined on-time is 4.6 milliseconds. In step (d), the set number of times is 14, and the set change amount is 3.4 milliseconds.

The effect of the present invention is to generate the pulse wave signal by detecting the rotation of the motor in real time by the Hall sensor. Then, the control unit calculates the cumulative number of times that each pulse number is less than the target pulse number within the first set time, and at the second set time, the calculation is equal to the actual on-time minus the The conduction variation of the predetermined conduction time enables the control unit to instantly and accurately determine whether the motor is in an overload state based on the accumulated number of times and the conduction variation.

Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are represented by the same numbers.

Referring to FIG. 2, an embodiment of the juicer of the present invention is applicable to a voltage source 9 and includes a control unit 1, a Hall effect sensor 2, a bidirectional triode thyristor (TRIAC) 3. And a motor 4. In this embodiment, the voltage source 9 includes a first terminal and a second terminal to provide commercial power with a frequency of 60 Hz and a voltage of 110 volts. In other embodiments, the voltage source 9 may also provide Other frequencies or commercial power with other voltage levels, such as 50 Hz, 100 volts or 220 volts, etc.

The motor 4 is, for example, an AC electric motor, and includes a first terminal and a second terminal electrically connected to the second terminal of the voltage source 9 to operate when receiving an AC driving current. The Hall sensor 2 is also called a Hall effect sensor, which can detect the rotation of the motor 4 to generate a pulse signal indicating that the motor 4 is rotating. In more detail, when the motor 4 is driven by the drive current to rotate, the Hall sensor 2 generates the pulse wave signal, and the pulse wave number of the pulse wave signal is related to the rotation speed of the motor 4. For example, the faster the motor 4 rotates, the greater the number of pulse waves measured at the same time. For example, if the motor 4 has six phases, a pulse signal of six pulses will be generated when it rotates once.

The two-way triode thyristor 3 is also called a thyristor thyristor, and includes a control terminal electrically connected to the control unit 1, a first terminal electrically connected to the first terminal of the voltage source 9, and an electrical connection The first end of the motor 4 is the second end. The control terminal receives a control signal from the control unit 1 and is controlled by the control signal to make the first terminal and the second terminal conductive or non-conductive. In more detail, the bidirectional triode thyristor 3 determines an actual conduction time in each predetermined period according to the duty ratio of the control signal. When the bidirectional triode thyristor 3 is turned on, the AC voltage or current provided by the voltage source 9 flows between the first end and the second end of the bidirectional triode thyristor 3, thereby generating the The drive current becomes the drive current. In this embodiment, the predetermined period is equal to the period of the AC mains, that is, 1/60 second (about 16.66 milliseconds).

The control unit 1 is electrically connected to the Hall sensor 2 to receive the pulse wave signal, and is electrically connected to the bidirectional triode thyristor 3, and generates the control signal according to the pulse wave signal, so that the motor 4 rotates A predetermined speed is reached. More specifically, the control unit is, for example, a microcontroller (MCU) 1, and judges the rotation speed of the motor 4 according to the pulse signal, and then changes the duty ratio of the control signal, so that the actual The speed is equal to the predetermined speed. The predetermined rotation speed is the rotation speed corresponding to a preset command when the juicer does not contain fruit (ie no load), or the fruit has been broken into juice (ie light load), or other predetermined loads. For example, the juicer may have multiple speeds for the user to set, such as the first to the tenth speed, high speed, middle speed, low speed and so on. When the user selects the rotation speed of the third stage, the predetermined rotation speed is, for example, 1000 revolutions per minute.

Refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is an overload detection method implemented by this embodiment, which includes steps S1 to S5.

In step S1, conditioning starts. For example, the user has placed fruit in the juicer and pressed the third rotation speed, but it is not limited to this.

In step S2, the control unit 1 calculates a pulse wave number of the pulse wave signal generated by the Hall sensor 2 every a first predetermined time until a first set time. The magnitude of the pulse number corresponds to the actual rotation speed of the motor 4. In this embodiment, the first predetermined time is 0.1 seconds, and the first set time is 3.5 seconds, but it is not limited to this.

The control unit 1 then calculates the cumulative number of times that each pulse wave number is less than the target pulse wave number corresponding to the predetermined rotation speed within the first set time. In other words, from the 0th second to the 3.5th second, the control unit 1 calculates the pulse wave number every 0.1 second, and when the pulse wave number calculated this time is less than the target pulse wave number, it will The cumulative number of times is increased by one. For example, if the motor 4 has six phases, a pulse signal of six pulses will be generated when it rotates one revolution. When the predetermined rotation speed is 1000 revolutions per minute, the target pulse number is 1000/60 /10*6 is equal to 10.

The control unit 1 then determines whether the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to a set number of times. In this embodiment, the set number of times is 14, but it is not limited to this. When the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to the set number of times, step S3 is executed. When the cumulative number of times is not greater than or equal to the set number of times, step S4 is executed.

In step S3, the control unit 1 obtains the actual conduction time according to the generated control signal at a second set time, and calculates the actual conduction time minus a predetermined conduction time to obtain a conduction variation. In this embodiment, the second set time is 8 seconds, and the predetermined on-time is 4.6 milliseconds. For example, at the 8th second, the control unit 1 multiplies the generated duty cycle of the control signal by the predetermined period to obtain the actual conduction time, and then calculates the conduction variation accordingly.

The control unit 1 then determines whether the conduction variation is greater than or equal to a set variation. In this embodiment, the setting variation is 3.4 milliseconds, but it is not limited to this. When the conduction variation is greater than or equal to the set variation, step S5 is executed. When the conduction variation is not greater than or equal to the set variation, step S4 is executed.

In step S4, the control unit 1 determines that the motor 4 is in a normal operating state, and determines whether the time from the start of the conditioning to the present has reached a set conditioning time. When the control unit 1 determines that the conditioning time has been reached, step S5 is executed. When the control unit 1 determines that the conditioning time has not been reached, step S2 is executed.

In step S5, the conditioning ends, that is, when the control unit 1 does not generate the control signal, the bidirectional triode thyristor 3 is rendered non-conducting and does not generate the driving current, and the motor 4 is stopped.

It can be seen from steps S1, S2, S3, and S5 that when the control unit 1 determines that the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to the set number of times, and the conduction variation is greater than or equal to the set variation, it is determined that the motor 4 is in an overload state, and The control signal is not generated immediately, so that the motor 4 is stopped to avoid damage due to overload.

From steps S1, S2, S4, and S5, it can be seen that when the control unit 1 determines that the cumulative number of times is less than the set number of times, it determines that the motor 4 is in a normal running state, and continues to generate the control signal until the conditioning ends.

It can be seen from steps S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 that when the control unit 1 determines that the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to the set number of times, and the conduction variation is less than the set variation, it is determined that the motor 4 is in a normal operating state, Then continue to generate the control signal until the end of the conditioning.

In addition, a special supplement: For the convenience of description, Figure 1 does not depict other mechanical parts or motor parts of the juicer, such as the base, agitator, cup, other circuit components, etc., but does not affect the present invention Implement. In addition, in other embodiments, the motor 4 can also be other types of motors, such as a DC motor, and the juicer further includes a rectifier unit to provide a DC driving current. Furthermore, the first set time and the second set time are related to the specifications of the motor 4 and the predetermined rotation speed, and the target pulse number and the predetermined on-time are related to the predetermined rotation speed of the motor 4, neither It is limited to the numerical value of this embodiment.

In summary, the present invention uses the Hall sensor 2 to detect the rotation of the motor 4 in real time to generate the pulse signal. Then, the control unit 1 calculates the cumulative number of times that each pulse number is less than the target pulse number within the first set time, and at the second set time, the calculation is equal to the actual on-time minus The conduction variation for the predetermined conduction time enables the control unit 1 to instantly and accurately determine whether the motor 4 is in an overload state based on the cumulative number of times and the conduction variation, and then control the motor 4 to continue or stop rotating , So it can indeed achieve the purpose of the invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification still belong to Within the scope of the patent for the present invention.

1: control unit 2: Hall sensor 3: Bidirectional three-pole brake fluid 4: motor 9: Voltage source 91: voltage source 92: control unit 93: Motor 94: Bidirectional three-pole brake fluid S1~S5: steps

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional juice machine; Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the juice machine of the present invention; and Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an overload detection method implemented in this embodiment.

1: control unit

2: Hall sensor

3: Bidirectional three-pole brake fluid

4: motor

9: Voltage source

Claims (9)

A juice machine, including: A motor that runs when receiving a driving current; A Hall sensor detects the rotation of the motor to generate a pulse signal indicating that the motor is rotating; A bidirectional three-pole thyristor is electrically connected to the motor, and is controlled by a control signal to conduct or not conduct, and according to the duty cycle of the control signal, an actual conduction time in each predetermined period is determined, when When the bidirectional triode fluid is turned on, the driving current is generated; and A control unit, electrically connected to the Hall sensor to receive the pulse wave signal, and electrically connected to the bidirectional triode thyristor to generate the control signal, so that the rotation speed of the motor reaches a predetermined rotation speed, Wherein, the control unit calculates a pulse number of the pulse wave signal generated by the Hall sensor every first predetermined time until a first set time, and the magnitude of the pulse number corresponds to an actual motor Rotating speed, The control unit calculates the cumulative number of times that each pulse wave number is smaller than the target pulse wave number corresponding to the predetermined rotation speed within the first set time, The control unit obtains the actual conduction time according to the generated control signal at a second set time, and calculates the actual conduction time minus a predetermined conduction time to obtain a conduction variation, When the control unit determines that the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to a set number of times, and the conduction variation is greater than or equal to a set variation, it is determined that the motor is in an overload state. The juice machine according to claim 1, wherein when the control unit determines that the cumulative number of times is less than the set number of times, or when the control unit determines that the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to the set number of times, and the conduction change amount is less than the set change When measuring, it is judged that the motor is in normal operation. The juice machine according to claim 2, wherein when the control unit determines that the motor is in an overload state, the control unit does not generate the control signal, so that the bidirectional triode fluid is not conducted and does not generate the drive The current causes the motor to stop running. When the control unit determines that the motor is in a normal running state, the control unit does not generate the control signal until a set conditioning time. The juice machine according to claim 1, wherein the first set time and the second set time are related to the specification of the motor and the predetermined rotation speed, the target pulse number is related to the predetermined rotation speed of the motor, and the predetermined The period is the period of the AC power received by the motor, and the predetermined on-time is related to the predetermined rotation speed of the motor. The juice machine according to claim 4, wherein the first predetermined time is 0.1 second, the first set time is 3.5 seconds, the second set time is 8 seconds, the predetermined period is 1/60 second, and the predetermined period The conduction time is 4.6 milliseconds, the set number of times is 14, and the set change amount is 3.4 milliseconds. An overload detection method is suitable for a juice machine. The juice machine includes a motor, a Hall sensor, a two-way three-pole brake fluid, and a control unit, and includes the following steps: (a) The control unit calculates a pulse number of a pulse signal generated by the Hall sensor at a first predetermined time until a first set time, the pulse signal indicates that the motor is rotating , The magnitude of the pulse wave number corresponds to an actual speed of the motor; (b) The control unit calculates the cumulative number of times that each pulse number is less than the target pulse number corresponding to a predetermined rotational speed of the motor within the first set time; (c) Calculate an actual conduction time of the bidirectional triode thyristor in a predetermined period by the control unit at a second set time, and calculate the actual conduction time minus a predetermined conduction time to obtain a conduction variation Amount; and (d) When the control unit determines that the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to a set number of times, and the conduction variation is greater than or equal to a set variation, it is determined that the motor is in an overload state. The overload detection method described in claim 6 further includes the following steps: (e) When the control unit determines that the cumulative number of times is less than the set number of times, it determines that the motor is in a normal operating state; (f) When the control unit determines that the cumulative number of times is greater than or equal to the set number of times, and the conduction variation is less than the set variation, it is determined that the motor is in a normal operating state. The overload detection method described in claim 6, wherein: In step (a), the first set time is related to the specification of the motor and the predetermined rotation speed; In step (b), the target pulse number is related to the predetermined rotation speed of the motor; and In step (c), the second set time is related to the specification of the motor and the predetermined rotation speed, the predetermined period is the period of the AC power received by the motor, and the predetermined on-time is related to the predetermined rotation speed of the motor. The overload detection method described in claim 8, wherein: In step (a), the first predetermined time is 0.1 seconds, and the first set time is 3.5 seconds; In step (c), the second set time is 8 seconds, the predetermined period is 1/60 second, and the predetermined on-time is 4.6 milliseconds; and In step (d), the set number of times is 14, and the set change amount is 3.4 milliseconds.

Images