TW202021200A - Antenna structure and wireless communication device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

An antenna structure includes a plurality of first antenna units and a plurality of second antenna units arranged in a line, and each of the two adjacent second antenna units is disposed between the two adjacent antenna units, each of the first antenna units and each of the second antenna units are in a single polarization direction, and each of the first antenna units is in a first polarization direction, and each of the second antenna units are second polarization directions, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other. A wireless communication device is also provided.

Description

Antenna structure and wireless communication device with the antenna structure

The invention relates to an antenna structure and a wireless communication device with the antenna structure.

At present, the communication frequency band of 5G millimeter wave covers 26.5GHz-40GHz and the frequency bandwidth is very wide. When designing the antenna for each specific frequency band, the frequency offset due to the very small size of the millimeter wave antenna and the processing error will affect the antenna performance. In addition, since the millimeter-wave antenna has a large radiation propagation loss, the antenna itself needs to be compensated by increasing its gain through array combination. How to arrange a plurality of antenna arrays in a limited space is a major problem in millimeter wave antenna design.

In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an antenna structure and a wireless communication device having the antenna structure.

An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna structure including a plurality of first antenna elements and a plurality of second antenna elements arranged in a line, one between each two adjacent second antenna elements The first antenna unit, each of the first antenna unit and each of the second antenna units are in a single polarization direction, and each of the first antenna units are in a first polarization direction Each of the second antenna elements has a second polarization direction, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless communication device, including a dielectric board and the antenna structure according to any one of the above, the dielectric board is used to carry the antenna structure.

In the above antenna structure and the wireless communication device having the antenna structure, a plurality of first antenna units and a plurality of second antenna units are arranged in a straight line, and each two adjacent second antenna units are arranged between In one of the first antenna units, the polarization direction of the first antenna unit and the polarization direction of the second antenna unit are perpendicular to each other. In this way, ultra-broadband performance can be achieved, and interference caused by too close distance between adjacent antenna elements is reduced.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that when an element is called "electrically connected" to another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a centered element. When an element is considered to be "electrically connected" to another element, it may be a contact connection, for example, a wire connection, or a contactless connection, for example, a contactless coupling.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field of the present invention. The terminology used in the description of the present invention herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

The following describes some embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the case of no conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

Please refer to FIGS. 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna structure 100 that can be applied to a wireless communication device 200 for transmitting and receiving radio waves to transmit and exchange wireless signals. The wireless communication device 200 may be a communication device such as a mobile phone or a personal digital assistant.

The wireless communication device 200 includes a dielectric board 10. The dielectric board 10 may be a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB). The dielectric board 10 may be made of dielectric materials such as epoxy glass fiber (FR4).

The dielectric board 10 includes a side wall 11, an upper surface 12 and a lower surface 13 opposite to the upper surface 12.

The side wall 11 connects the upper surface 12 and the lower surface 13. The side wall 11 includes two opposing first walls 111 and two opposing second walls 112, and the two opposing first walls 111 and the two opposing second walls 112 together form a generally rectangular frame Body for carrying the antenna structure 100.

The antenna structure 100 includes a plurality of first antenna units 20 and a plurality of second antenna units 30. The plurality of first antenna units 20 and the plurality of second antenna units 30 are arranged alternately in a straight line. One second antenna unit 30 is disposed between every two adjacent first antenna units 20, and one first antenna is disposed between every two adjacent second antenna units 30. The line unit 20, each of the first antenna unit 20 and each of the second antenna unit 30 have a single polarization direction.

The first antenna units 20 are all first polarization directions, the second antenna units 30 are all second polarization directions, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other. In a specific embodiment, the first polarization direction is the Z-axis direction shown in FIG. 1, and the second polarization direction is the X-axis direction shown in FIG. 1. The signal transmission directions of the first antenna unit 20 and the second antenna unit 30 are both the positive Y-axis direction shown in FIG. 1.

In a preferred embodiment, the number of the first antenna unit 20 and the second antenna unit 30 are the same.

3-5 together, the first antenna unit 20 includes a first antenna 22 and a first feeder 24, and the second antenna unit 30 includes a second antenna 32 and a second feeder 34.

The first antenna 22 is provided at the midpoint between every two adjacent second antennas 32. The edge spacing between each two of the second antennas 32 is 0.5-0.7 wavelength. The wavelength is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted or received by the second antenna 32 in the air.

The first feeder 24 is used to feed current to excite the first antenna 22 to generate electromagnetic waves in the first polarization direction. The second feed line 34 is used to feed current to excite the second antenna 32 to generate electromagnetic waves in the second polarization direction.

The first antenna 22 includes a main body portion 222 and a folded portion 224. The main body 222 is disposed on the first wall 111 of the dielectric plate 10. The folding portion 224 is bent relative to the main body portion 222 and is disposed on the upper surface 12 of the dielectric plate 10, and the folding portion 224 has a rectangular structure.

The first feeder 24 is disposed on the lower surface 13 of the dielectric board 10. The first feeder 24 is connected to the first end of the main body 222. The second end of the main body portion 222 is connected to the folding portion 224. The first end of the main body 222 has two notches compared to the second end of the main body 222 for increasing the bandwidth of the first antenna 22.

The second feeder 34 is disposed on the upper surface 12 of the dielectric board 10. The second feeder 34 is connected to the first end of the second antenna 32. The first end of the second antenna 32 has two notches compared to the second end of the second antenna 32 for increasing the bandwidth of the second antenna 32.

In a preferred embodiment, the antenna structure 100 further includes a grounding portion 40. The grounding portion 40 is used to provide grounding for the first antenna unit 20 and the second antenna unit 30.

The dielectric plate 10 includes N dielectric layers 14, and the ground portion 40 includes N+1 ground layers 42 and at least one via 44. Among them, N is a positive integer.

The dielectric layer 14 of the dielectric plate 10 and the ground layer 42 of the ground portion 40 alternately overlap each other, the via 44 is a cylindrical structure, and the via 44 penetrates each of the dielectric layers 14 to connect Each of the ground layers 42. The N dielectric layers 14 are sequentially arranged at intervals in parallel, and the N+1 ground layers 42 are sequentially arranged at intervals in parallel.

The first antenna unit 20, the second antenna unit 30, the ground layer 42 and the via 44 are all made of a conductive material, such as a metal material.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the N is 4, the dielectric plate 10 includes four dielectric layers 14, and the ground portion 40 includes five ground layers 42. Each of the four dielectric layers 14 is located between two adjacent ground layers 42.

In this way, the dielectric plate 10 serves as an insulating medium to separate the ground portion 40 from the first antenna unit 20 and the second antenna unit 30.

Referring to FIG. 6, the antenna structure 100 may further include a co-planar waveguide (Co-planar Waveguide, CPW). In this embodiment, the coplanar waveguide is approximately a rectangular sheet structure. The coplanar waveguide includes the plurality of second feed lines 34, a ground layer 42 disposed on the upper surface 12 of the dielectric board 10, and a plurality of slots 60. It can be understood that one slot 60 is provided on both sides of each second feeder 34. The slot 60 is used to separate the second feeder 34 and the ground layer 42. The second feeder 34 and the ground layer 42 are both disposed on the same plane. Since the second feeder 34 and the ground layer 42 are both made of conductive material. In this way, the second feeder 34 and the ground layer 42 are arranged on the same plane, which can reduce the interference of the environment on the second feeder 34.

7 is a graph of S parameters (scattering parameters) of the antenna structure 100. Wherein, the curve S702 is a graph of the S parameter (scattering parameter) of the first antenna unit 20, and the curve S701 is a graph of the S parameter (scattering parameter) of the second antenna unit 30. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the antenna structure 100 has a return loss of -10 dB or less in the ultra-wide frequency band of 26.5 GHz-39 GHz, and achieves ultra-wide frequency performance in impedance matching.

8 and 9 are radiation gain diagrams of the second antenna unit 30 and the first antenna unit 20, respectively. As can be seen from FIGS. 8 and 9, both the first antenna unit 20 and the second antenna unit 30 have a relatively high gain, about 10 dB.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of beam scanning of the antenna structure 100. The vertical axis of this figure is the actual gain of the antenna structure 100, and the horizontal axis is the angle on a circle centered on the antenna structure 100, where 0 degrees is the positive Y-axis direction shown in FIG. The four curves S1001, S1002, S1003, and S1004 correspond to beam angles of 0 degrees, 20 degrees, 10 degrees, and -10 degrees, respectively. The beam angle is the angle between the beam emission direction of the antenna structure 100 and the positive Y-axis direction.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the isolation between the first antenna unit 20 and the second antenna unit 30. The curve S1101 in FIG. 11 is the isolation between the first first antenna unit 20 from the left in FIG. 1 and the first second antenna unit 30 from the left. Curve S1102 is the isolation between the second first antenna unit 20 from the left and the second second antenna unit 30 from the left in FIG. 1. The curve S1104 is the isolation between the third first antenna unit 20 from the left in FIG. 1 and the third second antenna unit 30 from the left. The curve S1103 is the isolation between the fourth first antenna unit 20 from the left and the fourth second antenna unit 30 from the left in FIG. 1. It can be seen from FIG. 11 that each pair of antenna elements whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other achieves isolation of -22 dB or less.

The antenna structure 100 and the wireless communication device 200 using the antenna structure 100 are formed by arranging a plurality of first antenna units 20 and a plurality of second antenna units 30 in a straight line, and every two adjacent second days The first antenna unit 20 is disposed between the line units 30, and the polarization direction of the first antenna unit 20 and the polarization direction of the second antenna unit 30 are perpendicular to each other. In this way, ultra-broadband performance can be achieved, and interference caused by too close distance between adjacent antenna elements is reduced.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention but not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced None should deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also make other changes within the spirit of the present invention and use it in the design of the present invention, as long as they do not deviate from the technical effects of the present invention. These changes made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope claimed by the present invention.

In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, so a patent application was filed in accordance with the law. However, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and thus cannot limit the scope of patent application in this case. Anyone who is familiar with the skills of this case and equivalent modifications or changes made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the following patent applications.

100: antenna structure 200: wireless communication device 10: Media board 11: Side wall 111: The first wall 112: Second wall 12: upper surface 13: Lower surface 14: Medium layer 20: The first antenna unit 22: The first antenna 222: Main body 224: folding part 24: First feeder 30: Second antenna unit 32: Second antenna 34: Second feeder 40: Ground 42: Ground plane 44: Via 60: slot

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the antenna structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a wireless communication device at an angle. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a wireless communication device at another angle. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of disassembly of the antenna structure shown in FIG. 1 applied to a wireless communication device. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit of an antenna structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna unit of an antenna structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a top view of an antenna structure applied to a wireless communication device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a graph of S-parameters (scattering parameters) of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit of the antenna structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 8 is a radiation gain diagram of the second antenna unit of the antenna structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 9 is a radiation gain diagram of the first antenna unit of the antenna structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 10 is a schematic diagram of beam scanning of the antenna structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 11 is a schematic diagram of the isolation degree of the antenna unit of the antenna structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

no

no

100: antenna structure

200: wireless communication device

10: Media board

11: Side wall

12: upper surface

13: Lower surface

20: The first antenna unit

22: The first antenna

24: First feeder

30: Second antenna unit

32: Second antenna

34: Second feeder

Claims (10)

An antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure includes a plurality of first antenna units and a plurality of second antenna units arranged in a straight line, and each of the two adjacent second antenna units is provided with a first For the antenna unit, each of the first antenna unit and each of the second antenna units is a single polarization direction, each of the first antenna units is the first polarization direction, and each The second antenna elements are all second polarization directions, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein each of the first antenna elements includes a first antenna, and each of the second antenna elements includes a second antenna, and each two phases A first antenna is provided at a midpoint between adjacent second antennas. The antenna structure according to claim 2, wherein the antenna structure further includes a grounding portion, and the grounding portion is used to provide grounding for the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit. The antenna structure according to claim 3, wherein the antenna structure is provided on a dielectric plate, the dielectric plate includes N dielectric layers, and the ground portion includes N+1 ground layers, the dielectric plate The dielectric layer and the ground layer of the ground part alternately overlap, and N is a positive integer. The antenna structure according to claim 4, wherein the ground portion further includes at least one via hole, the via hole penetrates each of the dielectric layers to connect each of the ground layers. The antenna structure according to claim 5, wherein each of the first antennas includes a body portion and a folded portion, the body portion is provided on a side wall of the dielectric plate, and the folded portion is opposite to the The main body is bent and disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, and the folded portion has a rectangular structure. The antenna structure according to claim 6, wherein each of the first antenna elements includes a first feeder, the first feeder is connected to one end of the main body, and each of the second antenna elements It includes a second feeder, which is connected to one end of the second antenna, and the first feeder is used to feed current to excite each of the first antenna to generate electromagnetic waves in the first polarization direction The second feeder is used to feed current to excite each of the second antennas to generate electromagnetic waves in the second polarization direction. The antenna structure according to claim 5, wherein the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the ground layer, and the via are all made of a conductive material. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are the same. A wireless communication device includes a dielectric board and the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-9, and the dielectric board is used to carry the antenna structure.

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