TW202015833A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a machine tool (1), which: comprises a first main shaft (10) and a second main shaft (20); and when a bar (W) becomes a length that is difficult to machine into a product (P), removes the bar (W) as a previous material (W1) from the first main shaft (10) and delivers the same to the second main shaft (20) while supplying a new bar (W) as a new material (W2) from a bar supply unit (50) to the first main shaft (10) and, after making the previous material (W1) and the new material (W2) into a single bar (W3) by joining the mutually facing ends of the previous material (W1) gripped by a second gripping means (22) and the new material (W2) gripped by a first gripping means (12), successively performs a prescribed machining using a tool (41) and cutoff of the bar (W3). The machine tool (1) is characterized in being configured so that when performing the initial machining of the bar (W3) gripped by the first gripping means (12), the first gripping means (12) grips the portion of the bar (W3) that comprises the previous material (W1).

Description

Working machinery

The invention relates to a working machine.

Previously, there has been known a working machine that uses a holding element of a first spindle to hold a long-sized bar that has been supplied to the first spindle from a bar supply section, and sequentially performs predetermined processing on the bar using tools and Cutting processing, whereby many products are continuously processed from the bar.

In addition, as such a working machine, there is known a working machine including a first main shaft and a second main shaft facing the first main shaft, and when the bar has become a length that is difficult to process the product, the bar As the old material, it is extracted from the first main shaft and transferred to the second main shaft, and the new bar material is supplied as a new material from the bar material supply section to the first main shaft, by, for example, concave-convex fitting or friction pressure bonding. The end portions of the old material that has been held by the holding element of the second spindle and the new material that has been held by the holding element of the first spindle are joined, thereby turning the old material and the new material into a bar After that, the rod is sequentially processed and cut using a tool to effectively use the old material (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-174179

[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, in the previous work machine described in Patent Document 1, the old material and the new material are joined to form a bar, and after introducing the bar into the side of the first main shaft, it is held by the holding element of the first main shaft Hold the bar containing the new material and start the processing of the bar containing the old material, so at the beginning of the processing, the joint of the weak old material and the new material is located in the part processed with the tool. Between the portions held by the holding element of the first main shaft, when the portion of the bar material including the old material is processed, there is a problem that the accuracy of the processing may deteriorate.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a working machine that can process a portion of a bar material formed by joining an old material and a new material including the old material with high accuracy. [Means to solve the problem]

The working machine of the present invention includes: a first main shaft including a first gripping element; a second main shaft including a second gripping element opposite to the first main shaft; a bar supplying section to supply a long bar to The first main shaft; a processing element including a tool for processing the bar; a product processing element to continuously use the processing element for the bar that has been held by the first holding element A method of obtaining a plurality of products by predetermined processing and cutting processing, and operating the first main shaft, the second main shaft, the bar supplying portion, and the processing element; After the processing of the bar material of the product processing element is completed, the first main shaft and the second main shaft are extracted from the first main shaft by the bar material as old material and transferred to the second main shaft. The second main shaft operates; a new material supply element to supply a new bar material from the bar material supply portion as a new material to the first main shaft from which the old material has been drawn and held by the first The way of holding the element makes the first main shaft and the bar material supply part operate; engaging the element, the old material that has been held by the second holding element and the first holding The mutually facing ends of the new material held by the element are joined, so that the old material and the new material become a bar; and an element is introduced to use the joining element to connect the old material with the new material The way in which the part of the old material of the bar material formed by joining the new material is drawn away from the second main shaft and introduced into the side of the first main shaft to make the first main shaft and the second main shaft And the bar material supply part is operated; and for the bar material that is introduced into the first main shaft by the introduction element and has been held by the first holding element, the product processing element is continuously prescribed Processing and cutting processing, in the working machine, when the product processing element is used to perform the rod on the first spindle introduced by the introduction element and held by the first holding element During the initial processing, the first gripping element grips the part of the bar material that contains the old material.

The working machine of the present invention is preferably in the above-mentioned structure, the first gripping element moves freely in the axial direction of the first main shaft relative to the bar, and has a gripping portion moving element, the The gripping part moving element grips the old material of the rod with the first gripping element when the product processing element continuously performs predetermined processing and cutting processing on the rod The first gripping element is moved in a manner other than the joint of the new material.

The working machine of the present invention is preferably in the structure, between the first main shaft and the second main shaft, including a guide sleeve that movably supports the bar material in the axial direction of the first main shaft (Guide bush), and when using the product processing element to continuously perform predetermined processing and cutting processing on the bar material, when the junction of the old material and the new material is already in the guide bush When the product processing element cuts the bar on the side closer to the new material than the joint, the first spindle, the second spindle, and the bar The material supply unit and the processing element operate.

The working machine of the present invention preferably has a position recognition element that recognizes the axial position of the junction of the old material and the new material in the structure.

The working machine of the present invention is preferably in the above-mentioned structure, the introduction element is configured in such a manner that after the first grip element and the second grip element are released from holding the rod In this state, the bar material is introduced into the side of the first main shaft from the side of the second main shaft by the bar material supply portion. [Effect of invention]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a working machine that can process a portion of a bar material formed by joining an old material and a new material including the old material with high accuracy.

Hereinafter, the working machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

The working machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an automatic lathe (Computer Numerical Control (CNC) lathe) that processes a long bar W as a workpiece, and has a front spindle 10 as a first spindle, and as The back spindle 20 of the second spindle.

The front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 are arranged so that the axis of the front spindle 10 and the axis of the back spindle 20 become parallel to each other. Hereinafter, let the direction parallel to the axes of the front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 be the Z-axis direction, the direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction the X-axis direction, and the direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction Set to Y axis direction.

On the base 2, a front headstock 11 is movably provided in the Z-axis direction by a front-side moving mechanism 3 such as a rail mechanism. The front spindle 10 holds the bar W and rotatably supports the front spindle table 11 and is driven to rotate by a spindle motor. As the spindle motor, for example, it can be adopted inside the front headstock 11 and constitute a built-in motor between the front headstock 11 and the front spindle 10.

On the base 2, a rear headstock 21 is movably provided in the Z-axis direction by a rear-side moving mechanism 4 such as a rail mechanism. The back spindle 20 holds the bar W and rotatably supports it on the back spindle base 21, and is rotatably driven by the spindle motor. As the spindle motor, for example, a built-in motor may be adopted inside the back spindle base 21 and constituted between the back spindle base 21 and the back spindle 20.

Between the base 2 and the front spindle base 11 or between the base 2 and the back spindle base 21, an X-axis moving mechanism that moves the front spindle 10 relative to the back spindle 20 in the X-axis direction is provided. In addition, a Y-axis movement mechanism that moves the front spindle 10 relative to the back spindle 20 in the Y-axis direction is provided between the base 2 and the front spindle 11 or between the base 2 and the back spindle 21.

The front chuck 12 as the first grip element is provided at the front end of the front spindle 10 so as to be openable and closable. The front chuck 12 is accommodated inside the chuck sleeve 13. When the collet sleeve 13 slides toward the front end side of the front spindle 10, the tapered surface of the front collet 12 is pressed by the tapered surface of the collet sleeve 13 and the front collet 12 is closed. Conversely, when the collet sleeve 13 slides toward the base end side of the front spindle 10, the pressing of the tapered surface of the collet sleeve 13 against the tapered surface of the front collet 12 is released, and the front collet 12 is opened. The front spindle 10 can insert the bar W with the front chuck 12 opened, and hold the bar W by closing the front chuck 12.

The back chuck 22 as the second grip element is provided at the front end of the back spindle 20 so as to be openable and closable. The back chuck 22 is accommodated inside the chuck sleeve 23. When the collet sleeve 23 slides toward the front end side of the back spindle 20, the tapered surface of the back collet 22 is pressed by the tapered surface of the collet sleeve 23, and the back collet 22 is closed. Conversely, when the chuck sleeve 23 slides toward the base end side of the back spindle 20, the pressing of the tapered surface of the chuck sleeve 23 against the tapered surface of the back chuck 22 is released, and the back chuck 22 is opened. The back spindle 20 can insert the bar W with the back chuck 22 opened, and hold the bar W by closing the back chuck 22.

The sliding drive mechanism of the collet sleeve 13 and the collet sleeve 23 does not limit the present invention, and various structures can be adopted.

A guide sleeve 30 is provided between the front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20. The guide sleeve 30 is mounted on the guide sleeve support table 31 already provided on the base 2 and is arranged coaxially with the front spindle 10. The guide bush 30 is adjusted in position in the axial direction with respect to the guide bush support stand 31, whereby it is adjusted to an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the bar W. The guide sleeve 30 can guide the bar W movably in the Z-axis direction.

The working machine 1 includes a processing section 40 as a processing element. The processing unit 40 includes a tool 41 for processing the bar material W. The tool 41 is held by the cutting tool table 42. The cutting tool stand 42 is supported by the guide sleeve support stand 31 so as to be movable in the X axis direction and the Y axis direction so that the tool 41 is arranged in front of the guide sleeve 30. The position of the cutting tool table 42 in the Z-axis direction is fixed. The cutting tool stand 42 is loaded with, for example, an outer diameter cutting turning tool or a cutting turning tool as a tool 41. These movements of the cutting tool stand 42 in the X-axis direction are appropriately switched according to the processing contents, for example.

In addition, the working machine 1 includes a back side fixed processing portion 43 as a processing element. The back side fixed processing portion 43 includes a plurality of (three) tools 44 for back side processing for processing the bar W. The tools 44 are respectively fixed to the base 2 via the back cutting tool table 45, and can be appropriately switched according to the processing contents by the movement of the back spindle 20 (back spindle table 21) in the Y-axis direction.

Furthermore, the working machine 1 includes a back side moving processing portion 46 as a processing element. The back side moving processing portion 46 includes a tool 47 for processing the bar W. The tool 47 is held by the cutting tool table 48. The cutter table 48 is supported by the base 2 movably in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. The position of the cutting tool table 48 in the Z-axis direction is fixed. The cutting tool table 48 is loaded with, for example, an outer diameter cutting turning tool or a cutting tool as a tool 47. These movements of the cutting tool table 48, for example, in the X-axis direction are appropriately switched according to the processing content.

The working machine 1 includes a bar supply unit (bar feeder) 50 arranged behind the front spindle 10. The bar material supply unit 50 includes a finger 51 that holds the rear end of the bar W, and a drive lever 52 that drives the finger 51 in the Z-axis direction. The bar material supply unit 50 can sequentially supply the bar material W to the front spindle 10. In addition, the bar material supply unit 50 may introduce the bar material W that protrudes from the front spindle 10 toward the back spindle 20 to the side of the front spindle 10.

The working machine 1 includes a control unit 60. The control unit 60 may be configured to include a microcomputer including, for example, a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU) (central processing unit) or a storage element such as a memory. The control unit 60 can fix the front spindle 10 (including the front spindle table 11 and the front chuck 12), the back spindle 20 (including the back spindle table 21 and the back chuck 22), the processing unit 40, the back side fixed processing unit 43, and the back side The operations of the moving processing unit 46 and the bar material supply unit 50 are collectively controlled.

More specifically, the control section 60 has a function as a product processing element that utilizes the processing section 40, the back-side fixed processing section 43, and the back-side moving processing section 46. The bar W held by the chuck 22 continuously performs predetermined processing and cutting to obtain a plurality of products. The front spindle 10, the back spindle 20, the bar supply section 50, the processing section 40, and the back side are fixedly processed. The part 43 and the back side moving processing part 46 operate.

In addition, the control unit 60 has a function as an old material transfer element that uses the bar W as the old material W1 from the front spindle 10 after the processing of the bar W using the function of the product processing element is completed. The front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 are operated by pulling and transferring to the back spindle 20.

Furthermore, the control part 60 has a function as a new material supply element which supplies a new bar W from the bar supply part 50 as a new material W2 to the front spindle 10 from which the old material W1 has been drawn off The front spindle 10 and the bar supply unit 50 are operated by being held by the front chuck 12.

Furthermore, the control section 60 has a function as a joining element that will hold the old material W1 that has been held by the back spindle 20 through the back chuck 22 and the front spindle 10 that has been held by the front chuck 12 The opposing ends of the new material W2 held together are joined, so that the old material W1 and the new material W2 become one bar W3.

Furthermore, the control part 60 has a function as a lead-in element which draws the part of the old material W1 of the bar W3 formed by joining the old material W1 and the new material W2 by the function as a joining element from the back spindle 20 The front spindle 10, the back spindle 20, and the bar supply section 50 are operated by being separated from the front spindle 10 side.

Further, the control unit 60 has a function to continuously perform the function as the product processing element for the bar W3 that is introduced into the front spindle 10 by the function as the introduction element and has been held by the front chuck 12 The prescribed processing and cutting methods control the operations of the front spindle 10, the back spindle 20, the bar supply section 50, the processing section 40, the back side fixed processing section 43, and the back side mobile processing section 46.

Furthermore, the control unit 60 has a function of introducing the rod W3 formed by joining the old material W1 and the new material W2 toward the front spindle 10 and having been held by the front chuck 12 by the function as an introduction element. When the bar W3 is initially processed using the function as a product processing element, the front spindle 10, the back spindle 20, and the bar supply are controlled so that the front chuck 12 holds the portion of the bar W3 including the old material W1 Operation of section 50.

Furthermore, the control part 60 has a function as a gripping part moving element which continuously performs a function of a product processing element on the bar W3 formed by joining the old material W1 and the new material W2. During predetermined processing and cutting processing, the front spindle 10 (front chuck 12) is moved so that the front chuck 12 grips a portion other than the junction 80 between the old material W1 and the new material W2 of the bar W3.

Further, the control unit 60 has a function of using the function as a product processing element to continuously perform predetermined processing and cutting processing on the bar W3 formed by joining the old material W1 and the new material W2. When the joint 80 between W1 and the new material W2 is already in the guide bush 30, the front spindle 10, the back spindle 20, and the rod are controlled by cutting the bar W3 closer to the new material W2 than the joint 80 is. The operation of the material supply part 50 and the processing part 40.

The working machine 1 may be configured as follows: In order to perform the above-mentioned control, the control unit 60 recognizes the axial position of the joining portion 80 of the old material W1 and the new material W2 of the bar W3, including FIG. 7(b). The measuring rod 61 shown as a position identifying element, or the used material position measuring terminal 62 shown in FIG. 11(c) as a position identifying element.

Next, the order in which many products P are continuously processed from the long-sized rod W using the working machine 1 having the above-described structure will be described. This sequence is performed by the control unit 60 under the unified control of each part of the working machine 1 as described above.

In FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) to FIGS. 11(a) to 11(c), the front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 are omitted, and only the front chuck 12 and the back chuck 22 are shown, but the front chuck The movement of the head 12 is performed together with the movement of the front spindle 10, and the movement of the back chuck 22 is performed together with the movement of the back spindle 20.

As shown in FIG. 2( a ), when the bar material W is supplied from the base end side of the front spindle 10 to the front spindle 10 by the bar supply unit 50, the bar W is held by the front chuck 12. The bar W held by the front spindle 10 (front chuck 12) is set in a state where the self-guiding sleeve 30 protrudes toward the side of the rear spindle 20 with a predetermined length. In this state, the front spindle 10 is rotationally driven by the spindle motor, whereby the bar W is rotated. With respect to the rotating bar W, the selected tool 41 of the processing unit 40 is moved in the Y axis direction (cutting direction) to cut the bar W, and the front spindle 10 (front spindle base 11) is moved in the Z axis direction (forward In the direction), whereby the bar W can be subjected to predetermined processing (cutting processing).

After performing predetermined processing on the bar W held by the front spindle 10, the rear spindle 20 is arranged coaxially with the front spindle 10, and the front spindle is held by the back chuck 22 of the rear spindle 20 The end of the bar W held by 10 is cut by the tool 41 in this state, whereby the cut bar W can be transferred from the front spindle 10 to the back spindle 20.

As shown in FIG. 2( b ), the bar material W transferred from the front spindle 10 and held by the back chuck 22 on the back spindle 20 may be further processed. In this case, the rod W can be processed (cutting) by the selected tool 44 of the back-side fixed processing portion 43 by the movement of the back spindle 20 in the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction. Furthermore, the bar material W may be processed by the tool 47 of the back side moving processing portion 46. By this processing, the rod W becomes the product P. The finished product P is taken out from the back spindle 20 and transported to the next step.

In the processing of the bar W using the back spindle 20, the bar W is sent out by the bar supply unit 50 on the side of the front spindle 10, and the bar W is processed again on the front spindle 10 as described above And cut processing. Similarly, by sending out the bar W and repeatedly performing predetermined processing and cutting, a plurality of products P of a predetermined shape can be obtained from one long bar W.

As shown in FIG. 3( a ), a plurality of products P are processed from the bar W, and if the bar W becomes a length that cannot be processed while being held by the front chuck 12 of the front spindle 10, the bar W Is completed, and the rod W becomes the old material W1 that is leftover material.

When the processing of the bar material W is completed and the old material W1 is generated, the back spindle 20 moves close to the front spindle 10. The front chuck 12 holds the old material W1, and the back chuck 22 holds the old material W1. Then, by causing the back chuck 22 to hold the old material W1, the old material W1 is transferred from the front spindle 10 to the back spindle 20. The back spindle 20 that has received the old material W1 moves in the Z-axis direction so as to be separated from the front spindle 10 while holding the old material W1. Then, the new bar material W is supplied from the bar material supply unit 50 to the front spindle 10 as a new material W2. The new material W2 is held by the front chuck 12 and becomes the state shown in FIG. 3(b).

Subsequently, the old material W1 and the new material W2 are joined, and at this time, the sequence for identifying the axial position of the joining portion 80 in the bar W3 after joining is simultaneously performed.

First, as shown in FIG. 4( a ), the front end of the side of the new material W2 facing the back spindle 20 is processed by the tool 41. Here, the tool 41 is supported on the guide sleeve support table 31 and the position in the Z-axis direction (Z1-0) is fixed, and the Z-axis position (Z1-1) of the front chuck 12 is also controlled by the position of the front chuck 12 Is recognized by the control unit 60, so the control unit 60 can calculate the protruding length A of the new material W2 from the front chuck 12.

Next, the front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 are moved in the Z-axis direction so as to approach each other, and as shown in FIG. 4( b ), the end surfaces of the old material W1 and the new material W2 facing each other are brought into contact. At this time, the back spindle 20 is set to a state of torque jump (the torque of the motor of the back side moving mechanism 4 is detected when the end faces are in contact with each other to stop the movement of the back spindle), whereby the old material W1 and the new material When the mutually facing end surfaces of W2 have come into contact, the positional deviation of the old material W1 or the new material W2 relative to the back spindle 20 or the front spindle 10 or the movement of the front spindle 10 in the Z axis direction will not occur.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5( a ), the back chuck 22 is opened with the end surfaces in contact with each other, the back spindle 20 is moved toward the front spindle 10, and the back chuck 22 holds the old material W1 The part closer to the front end side of the new material W2. In the state where the old material W1 has been held by the back chuck 22, the back spindle 20 is moved in the Z-axis direction so as to be separated from the front spindle 10, on the end surface of the old material W1 and the new material W2 that have been separated from each other. The end surface of the machine tool is used to process the concave portion 70 and the concave portion 71 using a tool 41 or a tool 44, etc., respectively.

Then, the end portions (the end surfaces on which the recess 70 and the recess 71 are formed) of the old material W1 held by the back chuck 22 and the new material W2 held by the front chuck 12 are friction-crimped. Friction pressure bonding can be performed by the following procedures, for example.

First, in a state where the torque jumps, the back spindle 20 is moved toward the front spindle 10 in the Z axis direction, and as shown in FIG. 6( a ), the end surface of the old material W1 and the end surface of the new material W2 are brought into contact with each other. Secondly, the position where the end surface of the old material W1 and the end surface of the new material W2 are brought into contact with each other further moves the back spindle 20 to the front spindle 10 by a predetermined distance (for example, 0.3 mm) in the Z-axis direction. The end surface of the old material W1 and the end surface of the new material W2 are brought into contact with each other at a predetermined pressure. Furthermore, in this state, for example, the state in which the front spindle 10 is not rotated and stopped, and only the back spindle 20 is rotated at a predetermined speed is generated between the end surface of the old material W1 and the end surface of the new material W2. The end face is heated by frictional heat.

In this embodiment, the state in which the front spindle 10 is not rotated and stopped is maintained, and only the back spindle 20 is rotated at a predetermined speed to thereby rotate the front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 relative to each other. Friction heat is generated between the end surface and the end surface of the new material W2, but it is also possible to maintain the state where the back spindle 20 is not rotated and stopped, and only the front spindle 10 is rotated at a predetermined speed, whereby the end surface of the old material W1 and Friction heat is generated between the end faces of the new material W2, and the front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 can also be rotated in opposite directions, thereby generating friction heat between the end face of the old material W1 and the end face of the new material W2. By rotating the front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 in the same direction at different speeds, frictional heat is generated between the end surface of the old material W1 and the end surface of the new material W2.

If the end surface of the old material W1 and the end surface of the new material W2 reach a predetermined temperature due to the frictional heat generated between the end surface of the old material W1 and the end surface of the new material W2, the front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 are relatively rotated Stop, move the front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 relatively close to each other, and press the end of the old material W1 and the end of the new material W2 with a predetermined pressure (upset pressure) in the Z-axis direction unit. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6( b ), the old material W1 and the new material W2 are joined into a single bar W3 by joining the joint portions 80 having the mutually axial end surfaces as the joining surfaces.

As shown in FIG. 6(b), at the joint portion 80 of the frictionally crimped bar W3, the portion softened by the frictional heat of the old material W1 and the new material W2 is squeezed radially outward during crimping. Thereby generating glitches 90. The working machine 1 performs the cutting process for removing the burr 90 from the rod W3 after the friction welding of the old material W1 and the new material W2 has been completed. In a state where the bar W3 is held by at least one of the front spindle 10 or the back spindle 20, the tool 41 is pressed against the burr 90 while rotating the front spindle 10 or the back spindle 20 that is performing the holding. This makes it easy to perform the cutting process.

By performing the cutting process for removing the burr 90, as shown in FIG. 6(c), the outer circumferential surface of the bar W3 sandwiches both sides of the joint 80, and a diameter smaller than that of the outer surface of the bar W3 occurs. Diameter section 81.

In this embodiment, the recess 70 and the recess 71 are processed on the end surface of the old material W1 and the end surface of the new material W2, so that frictional pressure bonding can be easily performed, but the recess 70 and the recess 71 may not be processed. Perform frictional crimping.

If the old material W1 and the new material W2 are joined to become the bar W3, as shown in FIG. 7(a), the back chuck 22 releases the grip of the bar W3, and the new material holding the bar W3 is held The front chuck 12 of the portion W2 moves together with the front spindle 10 in the Z-axis direction so as to be separated from the rear spindle 20. With this, the bar W3 is introduced into the side of the front spindle 10 and is pulled away from the back spindle 20.

Then, as shown in FIG. 7( b ), the back spindle 20 is moved in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and the tip of the measuring rod 61 fixed to the back spindle base 21 of the back spindle 20 is pressed against the torque jump state. The rear end surface of the old material W1 facing the side opposite to the front spindle 10 is connected.

Here, since the measuring rod 61 is fixed to the back spindle base 21 of the back spindle 20, the control unit 60 that controls the position of the back spindle 20 can recognize the position of the tip of the measuring rod 61 in the Z-axis direction. In addition, as described above, the control unit 60 can also recognize the position of the front chuck 12 in the Z-axis direction. Therefore, by bringing the front end of the measuring rod 61 into contact with the rear end surface of the old material W1, the control unit 60 can calculate the protruding length B of the rod W3 from the front chuck 12.

When the old material W1 and the new material W2 constituting the bar W3 are frictionally joined, the end portion is crushed at the joint portion, and the crushing length α can be determined according to the Z axis of the front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 during the friction pressure bonding The relative movement amount in the direction is calculated.

Therefore, the control unit 60 can calculate the length L of the portion of the rod W3 including the old material W1 using L=B-A+α/2. This length L corresponds to the distance from the front end of the rod W3 to the joint 80, so the control unit 60 can recognize the position of the joint 80 of the rod W3 in the Z-axis direction. In addition, even if the cutting process of the bar material W3 is repeatedly performed, the control unit 60 can recognize the position where the cutting process is performed, so that the axial direction position of the joining portion 80 of the bar material W3 after the cutting process can always be recognized.

When the calculation of the position of the joint 80 in the Z-axis direction of the bar W3 is completed, the end surface of the bar W3 is processed by the tool 41, and the front chuck 12 is opened while the tool 41 is pressed against the end surface while the front chuck 12 is opened. 10 moves in the Z-axis direction so as to approach the back spindle 20. Then, as shown in FIG. 8( a ), the front chuck 12 grips the part of the bar W3 including the old material W1. Then, as shown in FIGS. 8( a) and 8 (b ), in this state, the front spindle 10 is rotationally driven by the spindle motor to rotate the bar W3 to rotate the selected tool 41 of the processing section 40 Moving in the Y axis direction (cutting direction) to cut into the bar W3, and moving the front spindle 10 (front head 11) in the Z axis direction (feed direction) to continuously perform predetermined processing (cutting processing) on the bar W3 ) And cutting process, while processing multiple products P from bar W3.

Here, in the working machine 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8( a ), when the bar W3 formed by joining the old material W1 and the new material W2 is subjected to the initial processing for forming the product P The front chuck 12 holds the part of the bar W3 including the old material W1. Therefore, during this processing, the weak joint portion 80 is not located between the portion processed by the tool 41 and the portion held by the front chuck 12, and the bar W3 can be reliably held by the front chuck 12 The part containing the old material W1 is processed. With this, the portion of the rod W3 including the old material W1 can be processed with high accuracy.

On the other hand, if the bar W3 formed by joining the old material W1 and the new material W2 is continuously subjected to predetermined processing and cutting processing for forming the product P, as shown in FIG. 9(a), there is a front surface When the axial position of the chuck 12 matches the axial position of the joining portion 80 of the bar W. If the axial position of the front chuck 12 coincides with the axial position of the joining portion 80 of the bar W, there is a possibility that the bar W3 cannot be surely held by the front chuck 12, and the processing accuracy of the bar W3 may decrease. . In particular, when the old material W1 and the new material W2 are joined by friction pressure welding, and the burr 90 is removed, a diameter ratio is generated on both sides of the outer circumferential surface of the bar W3 sandwiching the joining portion 80 Since the outer diameter of the bar W3 is small in the reduced diameter portion 81, if the front chuck 12 holds the joining portion 80 of the bar W3, there is a possibility that the front chuck 12 and the joining portion 80 or There is a gap between the reduced-diameter portions 81, which causes sway in the bar W3, and the machining accuracy of the bar W3 greatly decreases.

On the other hand, in the work machine 1 of the present embodiment, when the bar W3 is continuously subjected to predetermined processing and cutting processing, the joint portion 80 of the bar W3 at the axial position of the front chuck 12 When the positions in the axial direction match, the control unit 60 performs the following control: after the front spindle 10 (front chuck 12) is relatively moved in the Z-axis direction with respect to the bar W3 or the tool 41, the front chuck 12 Hold the portion of the bar W3 that contains the new material W2. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 9( b) and 9 (c ), the portion other than the joint 80 between the old material W1 and the new material W2 that has held the bar W3 by the front chuck 12 can be used. That is, in a state where the bar W3 is reliably held by the front chuck 12, the tool 41 performs predetermined processing and cutting processing. Therefore, the bar W3 can be processed with high accuracy.

The control unit 60 can always accurately recognize the axial position of the joining portion 80 of the bar W3 by using the order of the measuring rod 61. The control part 60 can make the front chuck 12 hold the part other than the joining part 80 of the old material W1 and the new material W2 of the bar W3 based on the position of the axial direction of the joining part 80 of the bar W3 correctly recognized. To correctly control the movement of the front spindle 10 in the Z-axis direction. Therefore, the bar W3 can be more reliably held by the front chuck 12 and the bar W3 can be processed with higher accuracy.

The control unit 60 is preferably configured as follows: when the old material W1 and the new material W2 are joined by frictional pressure bonding and the burr 90 is removed, the axial position of the front chuck 12 When the axial position of the reduced diameter portion 81 of the bar W3 coincides, the front spindle 10 is also moved in the Z axis direction. Thereby, the front chuck 12 does not hold the part of the joining portion 80 of the bar W3 nor the part of the reduced-diameter portion 81, so that the bar W3 can be processed more accurately.

In the present embodiment, when the axial position of the front chuck 12 coincides with the axial position of the joint 80 of the bar W, the front spindle 10 (front chuck 12) is moved in a direction away from the rear spindle 20, The front chuck 12 holds the bar W3 including the new material W2. In this case, the limitation of the moving space of the front spindle 10 or the front chuck 12 can be reduced, and the front chuck 12 can be moved by a desired distance in the Z-axis direction.

On the other hand, when the axial position of the front chuck 12 coincides with the axial position of the joint 80 of the bar W, the front spindle 10 (front chuck 12) may be moved closer to the back spindle 20. The portion of the bar W3 including the old material W1 is held by the front chuck 12. In this case, the front chuck 12 can hold the bar W3 closer to the processed portion. Thereby, the bar W3 can be more reliably held by the front chuck 12 and the bar W3 can be processed with higher accuracy.

In the case where the working machine 1 is configured to include the guide bush 30, the control unit 60 may be configured as follows: When the bar W3 is continuously subjected to predetermined processing and cutting processing, as shown in FIG. 10(a) As shown, when the axial position of the joining portion 80 of the bar W is already located in the guide sleeve 30, as shown in FIG. 10(b), after the predetermined processing for the bar W3 is completed, it is performed more than the joining portion 80. The cutting process of the bar W3 is controlled near the side of the new material W2. With this, it is possible to prevent the portion of the bar W3 having the joint 80 from being processed as the product P.

At this time, the control unit 60 may also be configured to set the number of processing of the product P from the portion of the bar W including the old material W1 according to the axial position of the joint 80 in advance so that the joint 80 does not Guide sleeve 30 support.

In this case, when the reduced diameter portion 81 of the bar W is already located in the guide sleeve 30, it can also be performed on the side closer to the new material W2 than the joining portion 80 after completing the prescribed processing for the bar W3 The material W3 is controlled for cutting. This can prevent the portion of the rod W3 having the reduced diameter portion 81 from being processed as the product P.

The method for the control unit 60 to recognize the position of the joint 80 in the Z-axis direction is not limited to the method using the measuring rod 61, and various methods or structures may be used.

For example, as shown in FIG. 11( a ), after the old material W1 is transferred to the back spindle 20 and before friction bonding, the amount of protrusion of the old material W1 from the back chuck 22 is measured by the back side positioning plate 72 , And the amount of protrusion of the new material W2 from the front chuck 12 is measured by the front side positioning plate 73, as shown in FIG. 11(b), after processing the end surfaces of the old material W1 and the new material W2 as needed, As shown in FIG. 11(c), the end surface of the old material W1 is brought into contact with the end surface of the new material W2, and the position of the rear end surface of the old material W1 is measured by the old material position measuring terminal 62. According to the front chuck 12 and The position of the back chuck 22 in the Z axis direction, the amount of protrusion of the old material W1 from the back chuck 22, the amount of protrusion of the new material W2 from the front chuck 12, and the old material W1 measured by the old material position measuring terminal 62 The position of the rear end surface is calculated as the position of the joint 80.

In addition, the method for the control unit 60 to recognize the position of the joint 80 in the Z-axis direction is not limited to the above method, and various methods such as the following methods may be adopted: the old material W1 and the new material W2 are joined by camera shooting A method of detecting the position of the joint 80 in the Z-axis direction by using an image recognition process on the resulting bar W3; using an optical position detection sensor to detect the Z-axis direction of the joint 80 A method of detecting the position of the joint; a method of detecting the position of the joint 80 in the Z-axis direction based on the machining program of the control unit 60; a method of calculating the position of the joint 80 in the Z-axis direction based on the processing length of the bar W.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and of course various changes can be made without departing from the gist thereof.

For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the old material W1 and the new material W2 are joined by friction pressure welding, but it is not limited to this, and the method of joining can be variously changed, for example, the old material W1 and the new material W2 A concave portion is provided on the end of any one of them, a convex portion is provided on any other one of the old material W1 and the new material W2, and the concave portion and the convex portion are fitted to thereby join the old material W1 and the new material W2.

In the above-described embodiment, the working machine 1 includes the guide sleeve 30, but it may be configured not to include the guide sleeve 30.

In the above-described embodiment, the back chuck 22 of the back spindle 20 holds the old material W1. However, a work clamping device provided on the back spindle 20 and having an axis parallel to the axis of the back spindle 20 may be provided. The old material W1 may be held by the clamping device, and the new material W2 may be held by the front chuck 12 of the front spindle 10 to make the old material W1 abut the end surface of the new material W2 and friction-crimp to form the bar W3. Furthermore, the workpiece processed by the front spindle 10 on the bar W3 may be transferred from the front spindle 10 to the back spindle 20, and the back spindle 20 may continue processing.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the structure is set as follows: after joining the old material W1 and the new material W2 to become one bar W3, it becomes to hold the bar W3 by the front chuck (first holding element) 12 And the state of holding the bar W3 by the back chuck (second holding element) 22 is released, so that the front chuck 12 holding the bar W3 and the front spindle (first spindle) 10 together The second main shaft) 20 is moved in the Z-axis direction in a separated manner, whereby the bar W3 is introduced into the side of the front main shaft 10 and is pulled away from the back main shaft 20, but it is not limited to this, and may be configured as follows: After the old material W1 and the new material W2 are joined to form a bar W3, the front chuck 12 and the front spindle 10 are not moved together in the Z-axis direction, and the bar W3 is removed from the back spindle 20 by the bar supply part 50 The side is introduced into the side of the front spindle 10 and pulled out from the back spindle 20. In this case, the front spindle 10 may be configured not to move in the Z-axis direction relative to the base 2. The control unit 60 as the introduction element controls the front spindle 10 and the back spindle 20 in such a manner that the part of the old material W1 of the bar W3 is drawn away from the back spindle 20 by the bar supply section 50 and introduced into the side of the front spindle 10 And the operation of the bar material supply part 50.

More specifically, if the old material W1 and the new material W2 are joined to become one bar W3, the grip of the front chuck 12 on the bar W3 is released together with the grip of the back chuck 22 on the bar W3. And the rear end of the bar W3 is held by the finger 51 of the bar supply part 50, and in this state, the finger 51 is driven by the drive lever 52 in the Z axis direction toward the retreating direction separated from the back spindle 20 mobile. With this, the rod W3 can be introduced into the side of the front spindle 10 by the rod feeder 50 and can be pulled away from the back spindle 20.

1: working machinery 2: abutment 3: Front side moving mechanism 4: Back side moving mechanism 10: Front spindle (first spindle) 11: Front headstock 12: Front chuck (first holding element) 13: Chuck sleeve 20: Back spindle (second spindle) 21: Back spindle table 22: Back chuck (second holding element) 23: Chuck sleeve 30: Guide sleeve 31: Guide sleeve support table 40: Processing Department (processing components) 41: Tools 42: Cutting tool table 43: Fixed processing section on the back side (processing element) 44: Tools 45: Back cutting tool table 46: Moving processing section on the back side (processing element) 47: Tools 48: cutting tool table 50: Bar supply section (bar feeder) 51: Finger 52: Drive lever 60: Control Department 61: Measuring rod (position identification element) 62: Terminal for determining the position of old materials (position identification element) 70: recess 71: recess 72: Back side positioning plate 73: Front side positioning plate 80: Joint 81: Reduced diameter section 90: glitch W: bar W1: Old materials W2: New materials W3: bar P: Product A: protrusion length B: protrusion length α: crushing length L: length Y, Z: axis Z1-0, Z1-1: Z axis position

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the structure of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2( a) is a simplified explanatory diagram showing a state where a predetermined processing is being performed on a bar, and FIG. 2( b) is a simplified explanatory diagram showing a state where a product has been processed from the bar. Fig. 3 (a) is a simplified explanatory diagram showing the state where the processing of the bar material is completed, and Fig. 3 (b) is a simplified diagram showing the state where the old material is transferred from the front spindle to the back spindle, and the new material is supplied to the front spindle Illustration. FIG. 4(a) is a simplified explanatory view showing the state of measuring the protrusion length of the new material from the front chuck, and FIG. 4(b) is a simplified view showing the state of the front spindle and the back spindle from the state shown in FIG. 4(a) An explanatory diagram of a state in which the end surfaces of the old material and the new material are brought into contact with each other while moving toward each other. FIG. 5(a) is a simplified explanatory view showing a state in which the back spindle is moved toward the front spindle when the back chuck is opened from the state shown in FIG. 4(b), and FIG. 5(b) is simplified From the state shown in FIG. 5(a), the back spindle is moved in the direction of separation from the front spindle while the old material is held by the back chuck, and the end surface of the old material faces the end of the new material Explanatory drawing of the state where the recessed part was processed. Fig. 6(a) is a simplified explanatory view showing the state where the old material and the new material are friction-crimped, and FIG. 6(b) is a simplified view showing that the joint portion of the old material and the new material that has been friction-crimped is being deburred 6(c) is a simplified explanatory view showing the state of the bar material after the deburring process is completed. Fig. 7(a) is a simplified explanatory view showing a state where a bar material formed by friction-crimping the old material and the new material has been introduced toward the front spindle side, and FIG. 7(b) is a simplified view showing that the old material and the new material are being measured. Explanatory drawing of the state where the length of the bar material friction-crimped from the front chuck protrudes. Fig. 8(a) is a simplified explanatory diagram showing a state where predetermined processing is performed on a bar material formed by joining an old material and a new material, and FIG. 8(b) is a simplified view showing that the old material has been joined with the new material. An explanatory diagram of the state of the processed rod products. Fig. 9(a) is a simplified explanatory view showing a state where the joining part of the bar material formed by joining the old material and the new material is already located in the front chuck, and FIG. 9(b) is a simplified view in which the front spindle is moved in the axial direction It is an explanatory view of a state where predetermined processing is being carried out with the front chuck holding a portion other than the joining portion of the bar, and FIG. 9(c) is a simplified representation of a bar formed by joining an old material and a new material. An explanatory diagram of a state where the material has been cut. FIG. 10(a) is a simplified explanatory view showing a state where a joint part of a bar material formed by joining an old material and a new material is already in the guide bush, and FIG. 10(b) is a simplified view showing that it is closer to the new material than the joining part An explanatory diagram of a state where the bar material is cut and processed. 11(a) to 11(c) are explanatory diagrams showing another method of measuring the axial position of the joint portion.

1: working machinery

2: abutment

3: Front side moving mechanism

4: Back side moving mechanism

10: Front spindle (first spindle)

11: Front headstock

12: Front chuck (first holding element)

13: Chuck sleeve

20: back spindle (second spindle)

21: Back spindle table

22: Back chuck (second grip element)

23: Chuck sleeve

30: Guide sleeve

31: Guide sleeve support table

40: Processing department (processing element)

41: Tools

42: Cutting tool table

43: Fixed processing section on the back side (processing element)

44: Tools

45: Back cutting tool table

46: Back side moving processing section (processing element)

47: Tools

48: cutting tool table

50: Bar supply section (bar feeder)

51: Finger

52: Drive lever

60: Control Department

W: bar

W1: Old materials

W2: New materials

Y, Z: axis

Claims (5)

A working machine, characterized in that it includes: The first main shaft contains the first holding element; A second main shaft, including a second gripping element, facing the first main shaft; A bar material supply part, which supplies a long bar material to the first spindle; Processing elements, including tools for processing the bar; The product processing element is configured to obtain a plurality of products in such a manner that the processing element continuously performs predetermined processing and cutting processing on the bar material that has been held by the first holding element. The main shaft, the second main shaft, the bar supply part and the processing element are operated; The old material granting and receiving element, after the processing of the bar material using the product processing element is completed, the bar material is used as the old material to be separated from the first main shaft and transferred to the second main shaft, Running the first main shaft and the second main shaft; A new material supply element in such a manner that a new bar material is supplied as a new material from the bar material supply portion to the first main shaft from which the old material has been drawn and held by the first holding element To operate the first main shaft and the bar supply unit; An engaging element that joins the opposite ends of the old material that has been held by the second holding element and the new material that has been held by the first holding element, so that the old The wood and the new wood become a bar; and Introducing an element to extract the part of the old material of the bar material formed by joining the old material and the new material with the joining element from the second main shaft and introducing the first main shaft On the side, the first spindle, the second spindle, and the bar supply section are operated; and For the bar material that has been introduced into the first main shaft by the introduction element and has been held by the first holding element, the product processing element continuously performs predetermined processing and cutting processing, wherein, When the article processing element is used for the initial processing of the rod that is introduced into the first spindle by the introduction element and has been held by the first holding element, the first holding element holds The part of the rod that contains the old material. The work machine according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the first gripping element moves freely in the axial direction of the first main shaft relative to the bar, and A gripping part moving element is included, and the gripping part moving element grips the first gripping element with the first gripping element when continuously performing predetermined processing and cutting processing on the bar material using the product processing element The first gripping element is moved in a manner other than the junction of the old material and the new material of the bar material. The work machine according to item 1 or item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the rod is movably supported in the axial direction of the first main shaft between the first main shaft and the second main shaft, including the rod Material guide sleeve, and When the predetermined processing and cutting processing of the bar material are continuously performed by the product processing element, when the junction of the old material and the new material is already in the guide sleeve, the product The processing element cuts the bar on the side closer to the new material than the joining portion, so that the first main shaft, the second main shaft, the bar supply portion, and the The machining element is running. The work machine according to any one of the first to third patent application ranges includes a position recognition element that recognizes the axial position of the junction of the old material and the new material. The working machine according to any one of the first to fourth patent application scopes, wherein the introduction element is configured in such a manner that: the pair of the first grip element and the second grip element are released In the state of holding the bar material, the bar material supply part is used to introduce the bar material from the side of the second main shaft to the side of the first main shaft.

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