TW202014815A - Parameter-adjustable processing machine including a computer aided unit, an adjustment control unit, a computer numerical value control unit, a servo driving unit and a processing unit - Google Patents
Parameter-adjustable processing machine including a computer aided unit, an adjustment control unit, a computer numerical value control unit, a servo driving unit and a processing unit Download PDFInfo
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本發明是有關於一種加工機,特別是指一種可調變參數的加工機。The invention relates to a processing machine, in particular to a processing machine with adjustable parameters.
一種現有的加工機,包括一可根據一圖形資訊而產生一指令資訊集合的電腦輔助單元、一電連接該電腦輔助單元的電腦數值控制單元,一電連接該電腦數值控制單元的伺服驅動單元,及一受該伺服驅動單元驅動而進行加工的加工單元,該圖形資訊具有複數路徑,該指令資訊集合具有複數對應該等路徑的指令資訊,該加工單元具有複數加工軸。An existing processing machine includes a computer-aided unit that can generate a set of command information based on a graphic information, a computer numerical control unit electrically connected to the computer-aided unit, and a servo drive unit electrically connected to the computer numerical control unit, And a processing unit driven by the servo drive unit for processing, the graphic information has a plurality of paths, the command information set has a plurality of command information corresponding to the paths, and the processing unit has a plurality of processing axes.
當該電腦輔助單元將該圖形資訊轉換成該等指令資訊時,該等指令資訊是維持固定的加工參數,該電腦數值控制單元於接收該指令資訊集合後,經該伺服驅動單元驅使該等加工軸運作而可沿該等路徑移動,就能對一待加工件進行加工。When the computer-aided unit converts the graphic information into the command information, the command information is to maintain a fixed processing parameter. After receiving the command information set, the computer numerical control unit drives the processing through the servo drive unit When the shaft operates and can move along these paths, a piece to be processed can be processed.
然而,該圖形資訊可能有直線或弧線不等的路徑,若以相同參數進行加工,則會有直線加工速度太慢或是弧線和轉角精度不佳的問題。However, the graphic information may have paths with unequal straight lines or arcs. If the processing is performed with the same parameters, the straight line processing speed will be too slow or the accuracy of the arcs and corners will be poor.
因此,本發明之目的,即在提供一種克服先前技術所述至少一缺點的可調變參數的加工機。Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a variable-parameter processing machine that overcomes at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art.
於是,本發明可調變參數的加工機,包含一電腦輔助單元、一調變控制單元、一電腦數值控制單元、一伺服驅動單元,及一加工單元。Therefore, the adjustable parameter processing machine of the present invention includes a computer auxiliary unit, a modulation control unit, a computer numerical control unit, a servo drive unit, and a processing unit.
該電腦輔助單元根據一圖形資訊產生一初始指令資訊集合,該圖形資訊具有複數路徑,該初始指令資訊集合具有複數分別對應該等路徑的初始指令資訊。The computer-aided unit generates an initial command information set based on a graphic information. The graphic information has a plurality of paths. The initial command information set has a plurality of initial command information corresponding to the paths.
該調變控制單元電連接該電腦輔助單元,且內建一調變參數表,該調變參數表具有複數調變組合,每一調變組合具有複數最大加速度參數,及一加速度時間參數,該調變控制單元於接收該初始指令資訊集合及一加工精度和速度調變命令後,根據該加工精度和速度調變命令將所對應的其中一調變組合中的該等最大加速度參數及該加速度時間參數額外設定於至少一初始指令資訊中,並連同其餘的初始指令資訊共同匯整輸出成一調變指令資訊集合。The modulation control unit is electrically connected to the computer-aided unit, and a modulation parameter table is built in. The modulation parameter table has complex modulation combinations, each modulation combination has a complex maximum acceleration parameter, and an acceleration time parameter, the After receiving the initial command information set and a processing precision and speed modulation command, the modulation control unit combines the maximum acceleration parameters and the acceleration in one of the corresponding modulation combinations according to the processing precision and speed modulation command The time parameter is additionally set in at least one initial command information, and together with the remaining initial command information is aggregated and output into a modulation command information set.
該電腦數值控制單元電連接該調變控制單元,並於接收該調變指令資訊集合後輸出一對應該調變指令資訊集合的控制信號。The computer numerical control unit is electrically connected to the modulation control unit, and outputs a pair of control signals corresponding to the modulation instruction information set after receiving the modulation instruction information set.
該伺服驅動單元電連接該電腦數值控制單元,並於接收該控制信號後輸出一對應該控制信號的驅動信號。The servo drive unit is electrically connected to the computer numerical control unit, and outputs a pair of drive signals corresponding to the control signal after receiving the control signal.
該加工單元電連接該伺服驅動單元,且包括複數可受驅動的加工軸,該加工單元於接收該驅動信號後驅使該等加工軸以對應該調變指令資訊集合的參數運作,以使該等加工軸於對應已額外設定參數的該至少一初始指令資訊的路徑時,該等加工軸分別以不高於相對應的該等最大加速度參數的最大加速度運作,以及以不短於該加速度時間參數的加速度時間運作。The processing unit is electrically connected to the servo drive unit and includes a plurality of driveable processing axes. After receiving the driving signal, the processing unit drives the processing axes to operate according to the parameters corresponding to the modulation instruction information set, so that the When the machining axis corresponds to the path of the at least one initial command information with additional parameters set, the machining axes respectively operate at a maximum acceleration not higher than the corresponding maximum acceleration parameter, and not shorter than the acceleration time parameter The acceleration time operates.
本發明之功效在於:藉由設置該調變控制單元,及內建的該調變參數表,使該初始指令資訊集合能對應的被調整為該調變指令資訊集合,而使該等加工軸能在不同的路徑以不同的參數運作,因此能同時兼顧精度與速度。The effect of the present invention is that, by setting the modulation control unit and the built-in modulation parameter table, the initial command information set can be correspondingly adjusted to the modulation command information set, so that the machining axes It can operate with different parameters in different paths, so it can take into account both accuracy and speed.
參閱圖1、2、3,本發明可調變參數的加工機之一實施例,包含一電腦輔助單元2、一調變控制單元3、一電腦數值控制單元4、一伺服驅動單元5、一加工單元6,及一測試單元7。Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, one embodiment of the adjustable parameter processing machine of the present invention includes a computer
該電腦輔助單元2根據一圖形資訊產生一初始指令資訊集合,該圖形資訊具有複數路徑,該初始指令資訊集合具有複數分別對應該等路徑的初始指令資訊。於本實施例中,該圖形資訊是圖像,是以現有的圖形轉換程式將圖像轉換成供加工的該等初始指令資訊,此種轉換程式為現有技術,且並非本案的主要技術,因此本說明書不再進一步對此技術說明。The computer-aided
該調變控制單元3電連接該電腦輔助單元2,且內建一調變參數表31,並包括一儲存該調變參數表31的儲存模組32,及一電連接該儲存模組32及該電腦數值控制單元4的運算分析模組33。The
該調變參數表31具有複數調變組合,每一調變組合具有複數最大加速度參數,及一加速度時間參數,該等調變組合中的其中一者為基礎組合,該基礎組合之外的任一調變組合的該等最大加速度參數及該加速度時間參數分別為該基礎組合的該等最大加速度參數及該加速度時間參數分別與複數加權常數的乘積。The modulation parameter table 31 has complex modulation combinations, each modulation combination has a complex maximum acceleration parameter, and an acceleration time parameter, one of the modulation combinations is a basic combination, and any other than the basic combination The maximum acceleration parameter and the acceleration time parameter of a modulation combination are respectively the product of the maximum acceleration parameter and the acceleration time parameter of the basic combination and a complex weighting constant, respectively.
於本實施例中,同一調變組合中的該等加權常數並不需要相同,可視需求而進行調整,例如當對應為高精度的調變組合時,對應的該等最大加速度參數的加權常數為1.5,對應的該加速度時間參數的加權常數為1,而當對應為低精度的調變組合時,對應的該等最大加速度參數的加權常數為2.5,對應的該加速度時間參數的加權常數為0.33,但並不以此為限,另外,同一調變組合中,對應的該等最大加速度參數的加權常數也不必要相同。In this embodiment, the weighting constants in the same modulation combination do not need to be the same, and can be adjusted according to needs. For example, when the corresponding high-precision modulation combination is used, the corresponding weighting constant of the maximum acceleration parameters is 1.5, the corresponding weighting constant of the acceleration time parameter is 1, and when the corresponding is a low-precision modulation combination, the corresponding weighting constant of the maximum acceleration parameters is 2.5, and the corresponding weighting constant of the acceleration time parameter is 0.33 However, it is not limited to this. In addition, in the same modulation combination, the corresponding weighting constants of the maximum acceleration parameters are not necessarily the same.
該運算分析模組33於接收該初始指令資訊集合及一加工精度和速度調變命令後,根據該加工精度和速度調變命令將所對應的其中一調變組合中的該等最大加速度參數及該加速度時間參數額外設定於至少一初始指令資訊中,並連同其餘的初始指令資訊共同匯整輸出成一調變指令資訊集合。於本實施例中,該加工精度和速度調變命令是來自於一操作介面(圖未示)的操作,是用來選取所需的調變組合,被額外設定的初始指令資訊的數量可以為一個,也可以視需求為多個。After receiving the initial command information set and a processing precision and speed modulation command, the
該電腦數值控制單元4電連接該調變控制單元3的該運算分析模組33,並於接收該調變指令資訊集合後輸出一對應該調變指令資訊集合的控制信號。The computer numerical control unit 4 is electrically connected to the
該伺服驅動單元5電連接該電腦數值控制單元4,並於接收該控制信號後輸出一對應該控制信號的驅動信號。The
該加工單元6電連接該伺服驅動單元5,且包括複數可受驅動的加工軸61。於本實施例中,該電腦數值控制單元4、該伺服驅動單元5及該等加工軸61為一般加工機的常見配置,因此本說明書不再進一步對加工機的細部元件進行說明。The
該加工單元6於接收該驅動信號後驅使該等加工軸61以對應該調變指令資訊集合的參數運作,以使該等加工軸61於對應已額外設定參數的該至少一初始指令資訊的路徑時,該等加工軸61分別以不高於相對應的該等最大加速度參數的最大加速度運作,以及以不短於該加速度時間參數的加速度時間運作。After receiving the driving signal, the
該測試單元7包括一設置於該加工單元6的三向加速度規71,及一電連接該調變控制單元3及該三向加速度規71且訊號連接該電腦數值控制單元4並根據一最佳化參數量測方法計算產生出該調變參數表31的信號處理模組72。於本實施例中,該信號處理模組72及該電腦數值控制單元4是透過網路連接。The
使用時,將該圖形資訊輸入該電腦輔助單元2後,就能產生該初始指令資訊集合,接著該運算分析模組33即會根據該加工精度和速度調變命令而對該初始指令資訊集合中需要進行額外調整的初始指令資訊設定相對應的調變組合的參數,並連同其餘的初始指令資訊共同匯整輸出成該調變指令資訊集合,最後依序透過該電腦數值控制單元4、該伺服驅動單元5而驅動該等加工軸61運作,如此一來,被加工件(圖未示)在被進行加工時,不同的加工路徑就能以不同的調變組合進行加工,例如在進行直線切削時,可以是以低精度高速度的方式進行加工,而在弧線和轉角切削時,則可以高精度低速度的方式進行加工。In use, after inputting the graphic information into the computer-aided
由於能夠因應不同的路徑而以不同的調變組合進行加工,因此能在加工時以最有效率的方式分別加工不同的路徑,而同時兼顧精度及速度的考量,故能避免以單一方式加工而產生的缺點,例如皆以低精度高速度的方式進行加工會導致弧線部分的加工不夠圓弧及轉角部分不夠銳利,而皆以高精度低速度的方式進行加工則會導致不需要高精度的直線部分耗費太多時間而增加太多時間成本。Because different processing combinations can be processed in accordance with different paths, different paths can be processed in the most efficient way during processing, while taking into account accuracy and speed considerations, it is possible to avoid processing in a single way. The disadvantages, for example, the processing of the low-precision and high-speed method will result in insufficient processing of the arc part and the corner part is not sharp enough, and the processing of the high-precision and low-speed method will cause the straight line that does not require high precision The part takes too much time and adds too much time cost.
以下進一步說明產生出該調變參數的該最佳化參數量測方法的步驟。The following further describes the steps of the optimized parameter measurement method that generates the modulation parameter.
該最佳化參數量測方法先以該信號處理模組72通過網路連接,傳送複數第一測試指令資訊集合,使該電腦數值控制單元4驅使其中一加工軸61直線移動,於一預設加速度時間內由零加速度加速至一固定的預設加速度後減速至零加速度,並以該三向加速度規71將此段過程中所量測的數據(見圖2)輸出至該信號處理模組72。The optimized parameter measurement method first connects the
接著變更該預設加速度時間後並重複數次後,該信號處理模組72將接收的所有數據轉換成複數頻譜曲線81(見圖3),並將該等頻譜曲線81中於一預定頻率區的震盪幅度接近且小於一預設振幅的一者所對應的該預設加速度時間定義為對應該加工軸61的一單軸加速度時間參數,接著重複進行使每一加工軸61皆得出相對應的該單軸加速度時間參數後,將該等單軸加速度時間參數最大的一者定義為該等調變組合中的該基礎組合的該加速度時間參數,並根據對應的加權常數計算出其它調變組合的加速度時間參數。After changing the preset acceleration time and repeating it several times, the
以下以其中一加工軸61為例說明,以固定的預設加速度3公尺/平方秒為目標,先設定預設加速度時間為0.015秒,在0.015秒內由加速度0加速至3公尺/平方秒,以網路連接取得該電腦數值控制單元4量測該加工軸61的移動誤差(見圖2),及該三向加速度規71量測該加工軸61的加速度變化後,接著重複進行並將預設加速度時間調整為0.048秒及0.064秒後,該信號處理模組72將接收的所有數據轉換成該等頻譜曲線81(見圖3),並將該等頻譜曲線81中產生震盪的頻率16.25Hz附近定義為該預定頻率區,將該等頻譜曲線81中16.25Hz附近的震度幅度接近並小於預設振福為1/10的一者(即圖2中最下方的頻譜曲線81)的預設加速度時間(即0.064秒)作為對應該加工軸61的該單軸加速度時間參數。The following uses one of the
接著反覆進行使每一加工軸61皆得出相對應的該單軸加速度時間參數後,將該等單軸加速度時間參數最大的一者定義為該等調變組合中的該基礎組合的該加速度時間參數,並根據對應的加權常數計算出其它調變組合的加速度時間參數,以下以0.064秒作為該等調變組合中的該基礎組合的該加速度時間參數。要說明的是,以上雖僅以三種預設加速度時間進行測試,但也可依需求調整不同的預設加速度時間,並不以此限定。Then, after repeating each
參閱圖1、4,該最佳化參數量測方法接著以該信號處理模組72通過網路連接,傳送複數第二測試指令資訊集合,使該電腦數值控制單元4驅使其中一加工軸61直線移動,於該等調變組合中的該基礎組合的該加速度時間參數所對應的加速度時間內,由零加速度加速至一測試加速度後減速至零加速度。Referring to FIGS. 1 and 4, the optimized parameter measurement method then uses the
接著變更該測試加速度後並重複數次後,該信號處理模組72通過網路連接取得該電腦數值控制單元4量測到對應的複數次該加工軸61的移動誤差轉換成複數誤差曲線82(見圖4),並將該等誤差曲線82中誤差最接近且小於一預設誤差的一者所對應的該測試加速度定義為對應該加工軸61的一單軸最大加速度參數,接著重複進行使每一加工軸61皆得出相對應的該單軸最大加速度參數後,將該等單軸最大加速度參數分別定義為該等調變組合中的該基礎組合的該等最大加速度參數,並根據對應的加權常數計算出其它調變組合的該等最大加速度參數。After changing the test acceleration and repeating it several times, the
以下同樣以其中一加工軸61為例說明,以前述得到的該加速度時間參數0.064秒為目標,在0.064秒內由加速度0加速至測試加速度為3公尺/平方秒,並由該信號處理模組72記錄並計算相對應的誤差曲線82(見圖4),該誤差曲線82為該加工軸61的預期位置與實際位置的差值,接著重複進行並將測試加速度調整為0.5公尺/平方秒,該信號處理模組72將接收的所有數據轉換成該等誤差曲線82,並將該等誤差曲線82中誤差最接近且小於30微米的一者(即圖4中以實線表示的誤差曲線82)的測試加速度(即0.5公尺/平方秒)作為對應該加工軸61的單軸最大加速度參數,接著重複進行使每一加工軸61皆得出相對應的該單軸最大加速度參數後,將該等單軸最大加速度參數分別定義為該等調變組合中的該基礎組合的該等最大加速度參數,並根據對應的加權常數計算出其它調變組合的該等最大加速度參數。要說明的是,以上雖僅以兩種測試加速度進行測試,但也可依需求調整不同的測試加速度,並不以此限定。The following also uses one of the
綜上所述,藉由設置該調變控制單元3,及內建的該調變參數表31,使該初始指令資訊集合能對應的被調整為該調變指令資訊集合,而使該等加工軸61能在不同的路徑以不同的參數運作,因此能同時兼顧精度與速度,故確實能達成本發明之目的。In summary, by setting the
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still classified as This invention covers the patent.
2:電腦輔助單元3:調變控制單元31:調變參數表32:儲存模組33:運算分析模組4:電腦數值控制單元5:伺服驅動單元6:加工單元61:加工軸7:測試單元71:三向加速度規72:信號處理模組81:頻譜曲線82:誤差曲線2: Computer auxiliary unit 3: Modulation control unit 31: Modulation parameter table 32: Storage module 33: Operation analysis module 4: Computer numerical control unit 5: Servo drive unit 6: Processing unit 61: Processing axis 7: Test Unit 71: Three-way accelerometer 72: Signal processing module 81: Spectrum curve 82: Error curve
本發明之其他的特徵及功效,將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現,其中: 圖1是本發明可調變參數的加工機的一實施例的一系統方塊圖; 圖2是該實施例所量測的一誤差時間圖; 圖3是該實施例的一信號處理模組所產生的一頻譜圖;及 圖4是該實施例的該信號處理模組所產生的一誤差時間圖。Other features and functions of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiment with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of an embodiment of a variable-parameter processing machine of the present invention; FIG. 2 is the An error time diagram measured by the embodiment; FIG. 3 is a spectrum diagram generated by a signal processing module of the embodiment; and FIG. 4 is an error time diagram generated by the signal processing module of the embodiment. .
2:電腦輔助單元 2: Computer auxiliary unit
3:調變控制單元 3: Modulation control unit
31:調變參數表 31: Modulation parameter table
32:儲存模組 32: storage module
33:運算分析模組 33: Operation analysis module
4:電腦數值控制單元 4: Computer numerical control unit
5:伺服驅動單元 5: Servo drive unit
6:加工單元 6: Processing unit
61:加工軸 61: machining axis
7:測試單元 7: Test unit
71:三向加速度規 71: Three-way accelerometer
72:信號處理模組 72: Signal processing module
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