TW202008683A - Outer rotor generator with horn-shaped iron core to reduce air gap and keep the magnetic path smooth for reducing heat dissipation - Google Patents

Abstract

The outer rotor generator with horn-shaped iron core includes: a pivot shaft; plural disc-type outer rotors arranged in parallel along the pivot shaft, each including a base body and an even number of permanent magnets, the center of the base body is vertically fixed on the pivot shaft, the adjacent permanent magnets are uniformly arranged with the same polarity opposite to each other, and the different magnetic poles of the permanent magnets of the disc-type outer rotor are opposite to each other; a railing-type stator includes plural long-strip-shaped iron cores, which are arranged in parallel to the axial direction and distributed on a circular tube having the pivot shaft as the center, and two poles correspond to the aforementioned permanent magnets respectively; the number of iron cores is more than the number of permanent magnets and less than twice that of the permanent magnets.

Description

External rotor generator with horn type iron core

An external disc generator, especially an external rotor disc generator with a horn-type iron core.

The common permanent-magnet generator 9, as shown in FIG. 1, is to set the permanent magnet 91 as the rotor and the armature coil 93 at the core stator. Whether the current passes through the armature coil is heated by resistance , Or the sudden heat when the current jumper occurs during the commutation process, it is difficult to easily dissipate; especially the high heat at the rotor returns to the input shaft, and long-term use will gradually cause the deformation of the input shaft, especially limited by The inner and outer layer cladding structure design makes the elasticity of the strain reduced when facing input torque changes and installation space restrictions. On the other hand, since the generator mainly relies on the coil to cut the magnetic lines of force, causing the action of magnetodynamic electricity generation, the distribution of magnetic lines of force plays a decisive role in the power generation efficiency. Because the magnetic resistance of air is very high, if the permanent magnet device and the iron core in the coil, the lower the proportion of the path in the closed loop, the longer the air area passing through, the magnetic resistance will increase greatly, and the magnetic flux will be dispersed, you can The line density of the magnetic force that is cut to effect also decreases accordingly.

A conventional disc generator 8, as shown in FIG. 2, although the structure of the disc outer rotor 81 is disclosed, there is no proper answer to the above-mentioned problems of heat generation and energy consumption. In addition, the number of permanent magnets and coils 83 has not been properly matched, which will also cause the magnetic circuit to fail to act evenly. In each action cycle, it may cause uneven rotation of the output. Especially in the closed loop of magnetic lines of force, a large amount of air passing through it as a medium makes the density of magnetic lines of force dispersed, resulting in inefficient electrical energy. Therefore, how to properly use the interaction between the coil and the permanent magnet, so that the magnetic induction caused by kinetic energy can be effectively converted into electrical energy output storage, also requires good structural design, so that the magnetic resistance between the magnet and the iron core is reduced.

How to make the gap between the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet and the iron core narrow, and form an appropriate magnetic circuit, so that the magnetic flux is concentrated in the expected path to avoid divergence, forming an effective interaction between the generating coil group and the permanent magnet, thereby improving the generator's Energy conversion efficiency is the problem to be solved by the present invention.

An object of the present invention is to provide an external rotor generator with a horn-type iron core. By means of the ratio of the number of stator iron cores and rotor permanent magnets, the air gap is effectively reduced, the magnetic path is smooth, and heat generation and energy consumption are reduced. Effect.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an external rotor generator with a horn-type iron core, which utilizes narrow slits between the horn-type iron cores to reduce magnetic resistance, keep the magnetic path smooth, and improve power generation efficiency.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an outer rotor generator with a horn-type iron core. The structure of the disc-type outer rotor prevents the stator with the generator coil winding from being covered, which is easy to dissipate heat and smoothly extend the life of the generator assembly. .

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an outer rotor generator with a horn-type iron core. With a structure in which a set of rail-type stators are provided between every two disk-type outer rotors arranged in parallel to each other, The two outer sides of the disc rotor are coaxially expanded, so that the specifications of the generator unit are not changed, and the elasticity can meet the needs of output torque and installation space.

The outer rotor generator with a horn-type iron core disclosed according to the present invention includes: at least one pivot shaft extending in an axial direction; at least two disk-type outer rotors arranged parallel to each other, each of the aforementioned disk-type outer rotors Each includes a base body and an even number of permanent magnets, and the base bodies are respectively fixed on the pivot axis vertically with their symmetric centers, the permanent magnets are respectively arranged on the base body in a manner that two magnetic poles are arranged on the base body, and each of the permanent magnets Co-located with the shortest distance point of the pivot on a circle centered on the pivot, each two adjacent permanent magnets are connected in series with the same polarity and arranged uniformly with respect to the pivot, and at least two The same magnetic poles of the aforementioned permanent magnets of the approaching disk-type outer rotor are arranged opposite to each other; at least one set of railing-type stators includes a plurality of horn-type iron cores, each of which includes a parallel arrangement along the axis Body, and at least two branches that are approximately orthogonal to the body; wherein all the bodies are uniformly distributed in a circular tube centered on the pivot, and the branches of each core are separated A slit corresponding to one of the iron cores adjacent to the iron core; each of the bodies of the set of railing stators approaches the permanent magnets corresponding to the two disk-type outer rotors with their respective poles, and The number of the iron cores is more than double and less than twice the number of the permanent magnets, at least one of the branch portions of each of the iron cores is wound with a generator coil winding; and a set of electric energy recovery circuits for receiving the above The power generated by the windings of the generator coil.

In this case, an outer rotor generator with a horn-shaped iron core includes at least two disk-type outer rotors arranged in parallel with each other and at least one set of rail-type stators. By the clever arrangement of the outer rotor and the stator and at least one pivot The series connection of the shafts reduces the distance of the air gap on the one hand, so that the magnetic flux mainly reaches the loop through the iron core and the permanent magnet, and the magnetic resistance is greatly reduced; on the other hand, the horn-type iron core and the adjacent horn-type iron core have magnetic resistance The slit is also limited to a very small size, so that when used as a generator, the magnetic path can still be kept clear, the magnetic resistance is reduced, and the power generation efficiency is thereby improved; and because the number of permanent magnets and iron cores match each other, together form a magnetic circuit, let The conversion efficiency of the rotor's running kinetic energy into electrical energy is improved; the external disk structure is easy to dissipate, and the life of the generator component is extended. Further, the expansion of the auxiliary disk outer rotor and auxiliary railing stator makes the invention need not change the development. The specification design of the motor unit can flexibly adjust the output torque and respond to the requirements of the installation space; in particular, the two adjacent permanent magnets on the outer rotor are arranged in the same polarity and are even with respect to the aforementioned pivot Arranged, and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets of each two adjacent disk outer rotors are arranged opposite to each other, and each iron core of the railing stator approaches the permanent magnets of the corresponding two disk outer rotors with their respective poles, Combined with the structural characteristics that the number of iron cores is more than double and less than twice the number of permanent magnets, each permanent magnet is matched with a complete magnetic circuit, which effectively improves the energy conversion efficiency of the generator, and achieves the reduction of heat generation and energy consumption. To achieve all the above-mentioned objectives.

1‧‧‧External disk generator

12‧‧‧Pivot

121‧‧‧ Yuan

123‧‧‧round tube

14.81‧‧‧Disc outer rotor

141‧‧‧Matrix

91, 143, 143’‧‧‧ permanent magnet

145, 145’‧‧‧ magnetic magnet

16, 16’‧‧‧ Railing stator

161,161’‧‧‧Iron core

164‧‧‧Non-magnetic stator base

165, 165’‧‧‧ branch

166, 166’‧‧‧ body

167, 167’‧‧‧ coil winding

168‧‧‧Slit

9‧‧‧ Permanent magnet generator

20‧‧‧Rectifier circuit

14’‧‧‧Disc outer rotor

7‧‧‧hand crank generator

8‧‧‧Disc generator

83‧‧‧coil

93‧‧‧ Armature coil

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the structure of a conventional generator with an external rotor to illustrate the relative positional relationship between the stator and the rotor.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional disk generator to illustrate its main components and their relative relationship.

3 is a perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of an outer rotor generator with a horn-type iron core of the present invention, illustrating the relative relationship between the rotor base and permanent magnet structure, and the stator's non-magnetic stator base.

4 is a partial schematic perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 3, illustrating the relative relationship between the stator core-coil of the stator and the permanent magnets of the rotor.

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the core-coil combination of FIG. 4 combined with a permanent magnet.

6 is a schematic perspective view of the single core-coil combination of FIG. 5.

7 is a schematic side view of the distribution of magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet of the embodiment of FIG. 3.

8 is a schematic diagram of the generator of FIG. 3 applied to a manual generator.

FIG. 9 is a partial perspective assembly diagram of a second preferred embodiment of an outer rotor generator with a horn-type iron core of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partial schematic perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 9 illustrating the relative relationship of the core-coil combination.

11 is a schematic top view of the embodiment of FIG. 9 illustrating the relative relationship between the permanent magnets of the rotor and the core-coil combination.

12 is a schematic perspective view of a single core-coil combination of the embodiment of FIG. 9.

The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings; in addition, in each embodiment, the same elements will be similar The label indicates.

In this case, a first preferred embodiment of an outer rotor generator with a horn-type iron core, please refer to FIGS. 3 to 6 together, the outer disk generator 1 has a pivot 12 extending along an axial direction, For ease of description, the foregoing axial direction is defined here as the vertical direction along the drawing, and two disk outer rotors 14 arranged parallel to each other, each disk outer rotor 14 respectively including a base 141 and an even number of permanent magnets 143. In this example, six permanent magnets 143 are used as an example. In addition, in this example, the bases 141 are all in the shape of a circular disk, and are respectively fixed on the pivot 12 with their symmetric centers.

In this example, the permanent magnets 143 are slightly elongated and curved and embedded in the base body 141, and the two magnetic poles N and S of each permanent magnet 143 are not only provided at the base body 141, but also adjacent to each other. The two permanent magnets 143 are arranged in such a way that the N pole is close to each other or the S pole is close to each other. As those skilled in the art can easily understand, even if the permanent magnets here are changed to other horseshoe-shaped or rectangular shapes, as long as they are disposed on the base 141 in the foregoing manner, it will not hinder the implementation of the present invention. Moreover, since the permanent magnet 143 in this example is curved, the curved shape of the magnet is such that the magnets and magnetic poles are co-located on a circle 121 with the pivot 12 as the center. In addition, the aforementioned two The relative arrangement of the disc-type outer rotor 14 is such that the same magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 143 face each other.

The above-mentioned outer-disk generator 1 further includes a set of rail-type stators 16. The set of rail-type stators 16 includes nine horn-type iron cores 161 in this example. It is divided into a body 166 that is substantially parallel to the direction of the pivot 12 and at least two branch portions 165 that extend from the body 166 and are substantially orthogonal to the body. In this example, the branch portion 165 extends only from the same side of the body 166, so that the horn-shaped iron core 161 in this example is viewed from a side view, and the shape is similar to the "π" of the Greek letter after turning. The length of a body 166 is 3.5 cm. The iron core 161 in this example is composed of a plurality of silicon steel sheets, thereby reducing the effect of eddy currents, and jointly held by a non-magnetic stator base 164. Of course, those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention can also arbitrarily choose, for example, iron powder die-casting or other conventional magnetic conductors as the iron core, which will not hinder the implementation of this case.

The bodies 166 of each of the aforementioned iron cores 161 are arranged parallel to each other along the above-mentioned axis, and are evenly distributed at a round tube 123 centered on the pivot 12. Since the iron cores 161 are evenly arranged between them, in this example The angle between each body 166 and the pivot 12 and the connection between the adjacent body 166 and the pivot 12 are 30 degrees, and the poles of the body 166 of each iron core 161 are close to the two disks The above-mentioned permanent magnets 143 of the outer rotor 14 have 1.5 times the number of iron cores 161 in this example, so no matter the disk outer rotor rotates to any position, there are some permanent magnets 143 corresponding to two adjacent The main body 166 of the iron core 161, and the two adjacent main bodies 166 are close to the N pole and the S pole, respectively, so that the two permanent magnets 143 of the disc outer rotor 14 at the upper and lower sides can each pass one of the iron cores The upper and lower branches 165 of 161 are then connected through the adjacent body 166 and return to the other pole of the permanent magnet 143 to form two complete upper and lower magnetic circuits.

Especially as the overall thickness of the generator in this example is not more than 6 cm, in fact, the thickness is only about 5 cm, and the thickness of the disc outer rotor 14 is about 0.5 cm, making the body 166 of the iron core 161 relative to the distance between the permanent magnets 143 The gap is relatively narrow and narrower than the thickness of the disc-type outer rotor 14, making the portion of the magnetic circuit that passes through the air very short; in addition, between the body 166 of each core 161 and the branch 165 of the adjacent core 161 The slit 168 is also narrow, so that the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet 143 will densely pass through the iron core 161, so that the magnetic resistance is greatly reduced. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that in order to form the corresponding magnetic circuit, the number of the iron cores of the present invention must be a positive integer that is radially symmetrically distributed with respect to the pivot axis, and the number is more than double the number of the permanent magnets. And less than twice.

When the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 143 of the disc outer rotor 14 located above the axial direction above the disc outer rotor 14 are butted and arranged in series with the base 141 in a SN, NS, SN, ... manner, they are relatively located The magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 143 of the disc-type outer rotor 14 in the axial direction are arranged opposite to each other from left to right, and are arranged in series with the base 141 in a manner of SN, NS, SN,... As shown in FIG. 7, when the magnetic pole of one permanent magnet 143 of the upper disc outer rotor 14 is about to approach the corresponding end portion passing through the body 166, the magnetic poles of the two adjacent permanent magnets 143 can just pass through the body 166 and the side The branch portion 165 extending toward the outside guides the magnetic field lines through the adjacent body 166 back to the adjacent opposite magnetic pole. Since the rotor and permanent magnets 143 rotate relative to the stator, the magnetic lines of force will move relative to the generator coil winding 167, and the magnetic lines of force will be cut by the generator coil winding 167 to achieve a change in magnetic force and generate an induced current.

In contrast, the magnetic lines of force generated by the corresponding permanent magnets in the lower disc outer rotor 14 directly return to the other magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 143 through the branch 165 and the adjacent body 166 below to form another complete magnetic circuit . Similarly, the continuous rotation of the rotor relative to the stator will cause the induction effect of magnetoelectricity.

In this example, the rail-type stator 16 further includes a non-magnetically conductive stator base 164 to hold each iron core 161, and the non-magnetically conductive stator base 164 is further provided with a set of ball bearings at the upper and lower ends of the figure. (Not shown), thereby allowing the pivot 12 to pivot smoothly in the non-magnetically conductive stator base 164. Moreover, the disk-type outer rotor 14 and the rail-type stator 16 can be relatively pivotally combined. Therefore, the manual generator 7 shown in FIG. 8 makes the relative movement of the power generating coil winding 168 provided at the two branches 165 of each iron core 161 of the railing stator 16 by the function of the rectifier circuit 20 During the process, the magnetic field lines are cut separately to rectify and collect the currents of different phases generated from each of the generating coil windings 167, so that the power generated by the generator can be directly used or stored.

In this example, the ratio of the number of the aforementioned iron cores 161 to the number of permanent magnets 143 is 3:2, that is, each three aforementioned iron cores 161 correspond to two permanent magnets 143 respectively, and a total of 3 sets of such corresponding combinations are formed around the base 141, Moreover, the shortest distance between the iron core 161 and the corresponding permanent magnet 143 is smaller than the thickness of the base 141; the branch portions 165 of the adjacent iron core 161 are also close to each other, and the slits of the adjacent horn-type iron core 161 are also narrow So that the corresponding iron core 161 and the permanent magnet 143 form a good magnetic flux circuit. By the magnetic force lines of the permanent magnet 143 passing through the iron core 161, the hysteresis losses are reduced, which further reduces the heating of the magnetic conductor, and also reduces the consumption of electrical energy, thereby increasing the overall conversion efficiency of the generator.

In this embodiment, in order to further reduce the distance of the air gap and to concentrate the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnets 143, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 143 facing each other facing each other facing the balustrade stator 16 are respectively installed A magnetic concentrating magnet 145, in this case a flat cylindrical permanent magnet, each magnetic concentrating magnet 145 is attracted to the magnetic pole of the corresponding permanent magnet 143, and bears the passage as a line of magnetic force, further narrowed by the permanent magnet 145 The air gap to the iron core 161 reduces the magnetic resistance and improves the conversion efficiency. Of course, as can be easily understood by those skilled in the art, this magnetizing magnet does not have to be provided.

In order to simplify the structure and reduce the manufacturing cost, as shown in FIG. 11 of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the permanent magnet 143' and the adjacent permanent magnet 143' can be narrowed, and at the same time, the permanent magnet 143' and the edge can be reduced. The distance between the core body 166' laid on the virtual circular tube 123' reduces the magnetic resistance between the rotor and the rail-type stator 16'. At positions where the magnetic poles of the two polarities close to each other near the permanent magnet 143' face the balustrade stator 16', one magnetizing magnet 145' is installed respectively. In addition, the above-mentioned permanent magnets 143' only need to be evenly arranged in pairs, and are not limited to six, and the number of iron cores in the railing stator 16' only needs to match the number between twice the number of the above-mentioned permanent magnets 143' The integer between two times is sufficient. The key lies in the above-mentioned clock-type driving signal. The total phase difference between them is an integer multiple of 360 degrees, and the phase difference between every two adjacent coils is the same as each other and changes with the rotation speed.

In particular, in order to make the horn-shaped iron cores 161' of the railing stator 16' more evenly balanced, the horn-shaped iron cores 161' in this example are two branch portions 165' extending from the body 166' toward the left and right sides , So that the adjacent iron cores 161' are close to the corresponding branch portions 165', and in this example, each branch portion 165' is provided with a power generating coil winding 167', when simply When the power output of the generator composed of the two disk outer rotors 14' and a set of railing stators 16' is insufficient, this embodiment is more coaxial under the disk outer rotors 14' under the original drawings and along the pivot axis. Direction, add a set of auxiliary railing stator and auxiliary disc outer rotor, thus increasing the overall torque output.

Due to the number of core-coil configurations and the structural design of the branch, the permanent magnet can provide a complete magnetic flux path, which greatly reduces the magnetic resistance, and the rotation of the permanent magnet can periodically weaken the core to be excited by AC signals. The hysteresis phenomenon in the process reduces the heat generation and energy loss caused by the hysteresis phenomenon, thereby making the generator disclosed by the present invention have a low calorific value and a high energy conversion efficiency during operation, and achieve the above beyond the prior art Purpose of the invention.

However, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and cannot limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the description of the invention should be It still falls within the scope of the invention patent.

1‧‧‧External disk generator

12‧‧‧Pivot

14‧‧‧Disc outer rotor

141‧‧‧Matrix

143‧‧‧Permanent magnet

145‧‧‧Magnetic magnet

16‧‧‧Railing stator

161‧‧‧Iron core

121‧‧‧ Yuan

123‧‧‧round tube

Claims (6)

An outer rotor generator with a horn-shaped iron core includes: at least one pivot shaft extending in an axial direction; at least two disk-type outer rotors arranged parallel to each other, each of the aforementioned disk-type outer rotors includes a base body and An even number of permanent magnets, and the base body is respectively fixed to the pivot axis with its symmetric center, the permanent magnets are respectively arranged on the base body in a manner that two magnetic poles are arranged on the base body, and each of the permanent magnets and the pivot axis are the shortest The distance points are co-located on a circle centered on the pivot, and each two adjacent permanent magnets are connected in series with the same polarity and arranged uniformly with respect to the pivot, and the at least two adjacent disc-type outer The same magnetic poles of the aforementioned permanent magnets of the rotor are arranged opposite to each other; at least one set of railing-type stators includes a plurality of horn-shaped iron cores, each of the aforementioned iron cores includes a body arranged parallel to each other along the above-mentioned axis, and at least Two branch portions that are approximately orthogonal to the body; wherein all the body are uniformly distributed at a circular tube centered on the pivot axis, and the branch portions of each of the iron cores are adjacent to each other via a slit Among the aforementioned iron cores, those adjacent to the iron core; each of the aforementioned bodies of the group of railing-type stators respectively approach the permanent magnets corresponding to the two disc-type outer rotors with their respective poles, and the number of the aforementioned iron cores is greater than The number of the permanent magnets is double and less than twice, at least one of the branches of each of the iron cores is wound with a generator coil winding; and a set of electric energy recovery circuits for receiving power generated by the generator coil windings can. The external rotor generator with a horn-type iron core as described in item 1 of the patent scope, wherein each of the iron cores is a plurality of silicon steel sheets. The outer rotor generator with a horn-type iron core as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the railing-type stator further includes a non-magnetic stator base holding the above iron cores. The external rotor generator with a horn-type iron core as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the length of the above-mentioned body is not greater than 3.5 cm, and the overall thickness is not greater than 6 cm. The external rotor generator with a horn-type iron core as described in item 1 of the patent application scope further includes: an auxiliary disc type parallel to the above-mentioned disc type outer rotor and having the same structure as the aforementioned disc type outer rotor and arranged in a coaxial axis Outer rotor, the auxiliary disk outer rotor is arranged outside the two disk outer rotors; a set of auxiliary railing stators arranged between one of the two disk outer rotors and the auxiliary disk outer rotor, the auxiliary The balustrade stator and the balustrade stator have the same structure and are arranged in a coaxial axis. The auxiliary balustrade stator is magnetized by the enable controller. The outer rotor generator with a horn-type iron core as described in item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the shortest distance between the main body and the corresponding permanent magnet is smaller than the thickness of the base body.

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