TW202000413A - Raw materials of brick and brick capable of recycling the sludge ash of bricks and reducing the secondary pollution - Google Patents

Abstract

The raw materials of brick of the present invention include wastes, which include waste glass and sludge ash. Based on the total amount of the brick raw materials being 100 wt%, the amount of the waste glass is 40 wt% or more and less than 100 wt%, the amount of the sludge ash is more than 0 wt% to 60 wt%. The present invention also provides a brick which is formed by sintering the raw materials of the brick, it has a compression strength range of more than 15 MPa and a water absorption range less than 15%.

Description

Brick raw materials and bricks

The invention relates to a building component, in particular to a brick and a brick raw material used to form the brick.

General business wastes, such as ash and slag (such as fly ash or bottom slag) after waste heat treatment and incineration, waste glass, and toxic waste, are often disposed of in landfills because they have no reuse value. However, this burial method has the problems of high land burial cost, difficult site finding, waste of land resources, and secondary pollution to the environment. Therefore, how to effectively reuse business wastes, especially ash residues formed by heat treatment of waste sludge, has become a widely studied issue.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a raw material for bricks.

Therefore, the raw material for bricks of the present invention contains waste. The waste includes waste glass and sludge ash, and the amount of the waste glass ranges from more than 40wt% to less than 100wt% based on the total amount of the brick raw material is 100wt%, and the amount of sludge ash It is greater than 0wt% to less than 60wt%.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a brick that can be used as an environmentally friendly green building material and meets the requirements of the Republic of China Standard CNS382.

Therefore, the brick of the present invention is formed by sintering the raw materials for bricks, and the compressive strength range is greater than 15 MPa and the water absorption range is less than 15%, wherein the raw materials for bricks include waste, and the waste includes waste glass and Sludge ash and slag, and based on the total amount of the brick raw material is 100wt%, the amount of the waste glass ranges from 40wt% to less than 100wt%, and the sludge ash and slag amount ranges from greater than 0wt% to 60wt% the following.

The effect of the present invention lies in that, by using the sludge ash and slag as a raw material for forming bricks, the secondary pollution of the sludge ash and slag to the environment can be reduced, and the sludge ash and slag can be used again to obtain a utilization value. In addition, through the control of the proportion of each component in the waste and after the sintering process, the formed brick can meet the requirements of the Republic of China Standard CNS382, and the brick is formed using waste, so it can be used as an environmentally friendly green building material .

The content of the present invention will be described in detail below.

<Raw materials>

[Waste glass]

Preferably, the amount of the waste glass ranges from 40wt% to 50wt% based on the total amount of the brick raw material being 100wt%. The waste glass comes from a glass recycling plant. The physical form of the waste glass may be powder or fragment. The waste glass can be used directly, or after pre-treatment. The pre-treatment includes a drying procedure and a screening procedure using #100 screen. Optionally, before use as a raw material for bricks, the waste glass is dried and then used.

[Sludge Ash]

The sludge ash residue refers to the ash residue (such as fly ash or bottom slag) formed by heat treatment (eg, incineration) of waste sludge. Preferably, based on the total amount of the raw material for bricks being 100 wt%, the amount of the sludge slag ranges from more than 0 wt% to less than 50 wt%. The waste sludge comes from a sludge treatment plant. The waste sludge is, for example but not limited to, organic sludge or inorganic sludge. The organic sludge is, for example, biological sludge generated by a biological treatment process, or sludge containing more than 30% of volatile (VS) solids. The inorganic sludge is, for example, chemical sludge generated by physical or chemical treatment procedures, or sludge containing less than 30% of volatile (VS) solids. The sludge ash can be used directly, or it can be used after pre-treatment. The pretreatment includes a drying procedure, a first screening procedure, a crushing procedure, a grinding procedure, and a second screening procedure. The purpose of this first screening procedure is to remove debris. This second screening procedure is performed using #100 screen. Optionally, the sludge slag is dried before being used as a raw material for bricks.

The raw material for bricks of the present invention also contains clay.

[Clay]

Preferably, based on the total amount of the brick raw material being 100 wt%, the amount of the clay ranges from greater than 0 wt% to less than 20 wt%. More preferably, based on the total amount of the brick raw material being 100 wt%, the amount of the clay ranges from 10 wt% to 20 wt%. The clay comes from a traditional brick kiln factory. The clay can be used directly or after pre-treatment. The pretreatment includes a drying procedure, a first screening procedure, a crushing procedure, a grinding procedure, and a second screening procedure. The purpose of this first screening procedure is to remove debris. This second screening procedure is performed using #100 screen. Optionally, the clay is dried before being used as a raw material for bricks.

<brick>

The brick of the present invention is formed by sintering the above raw materials for bricks. The temperature and time of the sintering process are adjusted according to the brick raw material. The temperature range of this sintering treatment is 900°C to 1000°C. The time of the sintering process (including the time for temperature increase, temperature holding, and temperature decrease) ranges from 55 hours to 60 hours.

Before the sintering treatment, soil curing treatment, exhaust treatment, forming treatment, shaping treatment, mold release treatment, drying treatment, etc. can be selectively performed. The soil treatment, exhaust treatment, forming treatment, shaping treatment, demolding treatment, and drying treatment can adopt the soil treatment, exhaust treatment, forming treatment, shaping treatment, demolding treatment, and drying treatment of bricks formed in the past. condition.

The brick of the present invention can be applied in the fields of construction, civil engineering, gardening and the like.

The present invention will be further described with respect to the following embodiments, but it should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as limitations on the implementation of the present invention.

Example 1 Raw materials and bricks for bricks

Provide waste, and the waste includes 50% by weight of waste glass and 50% by weight of sludge ash, wherein the sludge ash comes from the waste sludge placed in a furnace at 850 ℃ to 950 ℃ for 4 hours of combustion The bottom slag that is processed and taken out under the bottom of the furnace, and the waste glass and the sludge ash are screened using #100 screen.

The waste glass, the sludge ash, and water are mixed to form a brick raw material, wherein the amount of the water is 0.3 times the amount of the waste.

Put the raw material for bricks in a mold with a length of 20 cm, a width of 10 cm and a height of 5 cm, and then perform exhaust treatment, soil treatment, forming treatment, shaping treatment, demolding treatment, and drying treatment in order. And sintering. In this exhaust treatment, the raw material for bricks is divided into several equal parts, and placed in batches in the mold in batches, and each batch is compacted with a ram to expel air to make each component in the raw material for bricks Can be stacked closely. In the soil-cultivating treatment, the raw material for bricks is sealed and allowed to stand for 24 hours, so that the ingredients in the raw material for bricks are uniform and fully absorb moisture to increase the viscosity. In this forming process, the mold was pressurized with a pressure of 4 MPa. In this shaping process, the raw material for the bricks protruding out of the mold is scraped off, so that the formed bricks can have a flat surface. In the demolding process, the mold is removed to form a brick blank. In this drying process, it is first dried by air drying for 48 hours, and then placed in an oven at 70°C for 24 hours. In this sintering process, the temperature was raised from room temperature to 1,000°C at a temperature increase rate of 35.7°C per hour, which took a total of 28 hours, followed by a constant temperature for 1 hour, and then, at a temperature decrease rate of 35.7°C per hour, the temperature was changed from It took a total of 28 hours to drop from 1,000°C to room temperature to form a brick 20 cm long, 10 cm wide and 5 cm high.

Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5

Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were carried out in the same steps as in Example 1, except that the proportion of each component in the raw material for bricks is shown in Table 1. The clay was screened using #100# sieve .

Evaluation project

Compressive strength measurement: In order to clearly understand the measurement process, the bricks of Example 1 are described below and measured according to the specifications of CNS 382, and the bricks of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 are also performed in the same manner. Provide three bricks of Example 1 and use a rock cutting machine to cut each brick vertically into half bricks in the length direction of each brick to serve as samples to be tested. A total of three samples to be tested are obtained. . The length and width of the sample to be measured are measured to obtain the area A (unit: mm ² ) of the pressure receiving surface. Next, a thick paper sheet is placed on the pressure surface, and the thickness of the thick paper sheet is such that when the thick paper sheet is placed on the pressure surface, the top surface of the thick paper sheet will not be affected by the unevenness of the pressure surface The top surface can be kept flat, and then placed on a measuring platform of a compression testing machine (brand: Hung Ta; model: HT-9501). The sample to be measured is pressurized at a load rate of 0.5 MPa per second, and is pressurized until the sample to be tested fails, and then, the maximum value of the load W (unit: N) is recorded. The compressive strength (MPa) of each sample to be tested is W/A, and the compressive strength of the samples to be tested is summed and the average value (average compressive strength) is calculated.

Water absorption measurement: In order to clearly understand the measurement process, the bricks of Example 1 are described below and the measurement is performed according to the specifications of CNS 382, and the bricks of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 are also performed in the same manner. Using an electronic scale, measure the weight m1 of the three bricks of Example 1, and then immerse them in clean water at a temperature of about 25°C for 24 hours. Then, take out and wipe the excess water on the surface with a damp cloth. And use the electronic scale again to measure the weight m2 of the bricks after soaking for 24 hours. The water absorption rate (%) of each brick of Example 1 is [(m2-m1)/m1]×100%, and the absorption rates of the bricks are added and the average value (average water absorption rate) is calculated.

Table 1

In summary, the present invention can reduce the secondary pollution of the sludge ash and slag to the environment by using the sludge slag as the raw material for forming bricks, and regain the utilization value of the sludge slag. In addition, through the control of the proportion of each component in the waste and after the sintering process, the formed brick can meet the requirements of the Republic of China Standard CNS382, and the brick is formed using waste and the total amount of the waste is 40wt% Up to 100wt%, so it can be used as environmentally friendly green building materials, so it can indeed achieve the purpose of the invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still classified as Within the scope of the invention patent.

no.

Claims (10)

A raw material for bricks, including: waste, including waste glass and sludge ash, and based on the total amount of the raw material for bricks is 100wt%, the amount of waste glass ranges from more than 40wt% to less than 100wt%, and the The amount of sludge ash residue ranges from more than 0wt% to less than 60wt%. The raw material for bricks as described in claim 1 further contains clay. The raw material for bricks according to claim 2, wherein the amount of the clay ranges from more than 0 wt% to less than 20 wt% based on the total amount of the raw material for bricks being 100 wt%. The raw material for bricks according to claim 3, wherein the amount of the clay ranges from 10 wt% to 20 wt% based on the total amount of the raw material for bricks being 100 wt%. The raw material for bricks according to claim 4, wherein the amount of the waste glass ranges from 40 wt% to 50 wt% based on the total amount of the raw material for bricks being 100 wt%. A brick is formed by sintering raw materials for bricks, and the compressive strength range is greater than 15MPa and the water absorption range is less than 15%, wherein the raw materials for bricks contain waste, and the waste includes waste glass and sludge Ash slag, and based on the total amount of the brick raw material being 100wt%, the amount of the waste glass ranges from 40wt% to less than 100wt%, and the sludge ash residue ranges from more than 0wt% to 60wt%. The brick according to claim 6, wherein the brick raw material further contains clay. The brick according to claim 7, wherein the amount of the clay ranges from more than 0wt% to less than 20wt% based on the total amount of the raw material for the brick being 100wt%. The brick according to claim 8, wherein the amount of the clay ranges from 10 wt% to 20 wt% based on the total amount of the raw material for the brick being 100 wt%. The brick according to claim 9, wherein the amount of the waste glass ranges from 40wt% to 50wt% based on the total amount of the raw material for the brick being 100wt%.