TW201923200A - Composite sound absorbing panel capable of achieving excellent sound absorption effect with a simple structure including a plate material defined therein a plurality of holes and a mesh material defined therein a plurality of fine holes - Google Patents

Abstract

A composite sound absorbing panel comprises: at least one mesh material defined therein a plurality of uniformly distributed fine holes; at least one plate material combined with the mesh material and defined therein a plurality of holes each having an aperture greater than that of the fine hole, wherein the plate material at least partially shields the fine holes, and the opening ratio after shielding is between 0.50% and 10.13%. As a result, with a simple structure including the plate material defined therein a plurality of holes and the mesh material defined therein a plurality of fine holes, the invention is able to achieve excellent sound absorption effect. Furthermore, it is easy to clean and not likely to damage, while the production cost is reduced and the technical threshold for implementation is lowered, so as to adjust the specifications of the sound absorbing technology according to the use environment thereby enriching the use flexibility.

Description

 Composite sound absorbing panel  

A sound absorbing panel, especially a composite sound absorbing panel.

Sound signals are very important to normal human life. Modern people are often exposed to many living noises that can harm human health. Humans perceive external vibrations through sensitive hair cells in the cochlea and transmit them to the brain to interpret them as sound signals. However, hair cells cannot be regenerated and cannot be recovered once they are damaged. On the other hand, the sound also affects the human body's blood pressure, psychology and other physical states. Therefore, how to properly control the sound of the environment, reduce the noise that causes harm to the body, and improve the quality of life becomes an important issue.

The effect of sound absorption is good or bad, usually marked by the sound absorption rate. The definition of sound absorption is the ratio of the sound that is reduced after the incident sound source is absorbed. At present, the technique for measuring the sound absorption rate is based on ISO 354, CN9056, ASTM-C423, etc., and the reverberation chamber can be used to measure the time of the sound afterglow decay (RT ₆₀ ), and then the sound absorption rate of the material is converted by the reverberation formula. Especially because of human hearing, even those with excellent hearing are limited to the frequency range between 20 and 20,000 Hz. It is generally emphasized that the sound absorption effect is mostly the focus of this sound frequency range.

In order to achieve the effect of sound absorption, the following methods are commonly used: one is to absorb the acoustic energy by the resonance structure, and the perforated plate which is regularly perforated is formed by a plate-like material which forms a large number of perforations, and the perforated plate is mounted on the hard wall. An air layer is formed between the hard wall and the hard wall, and the sound wave passes through the perforation into the air layer, and oscillates back and forth therein, and the energy is gradually absorbed by the perforated plate or the hard wall to achieve the effect of absorbing sound. However, the sound waves need to be oscillated for a long period of time before they are gradually absorbed, and some of the sound waves are again returned from the air layer between the perforated plate and the hard wall to the inside through the perforated plate, so that the structure is The sound absorption effect is poor.

Another common sound absorbing technique is shown in Fig. 1. An additional layer of porous material 93 is additionally disposed behind the perforated plate 91. This type of porous material is generally foamed with a polymer such as fibrous material, wool, or asbestos. The porous material formed by the material absorbs sound, so that the sound wave enters the porous material to oscillate, and the dense wave breaks through the irregular hole gap, and after the air molecules are compressed and expanded for many times, the energy is gradually absorbed by the porous material 93. As absorbed, the sound energy carried by the air molecules gradually decreases and the sound dissipates. However, the porous material 93 has irregular minute pores, and it is difficult to remove once it is contaminated by dust or oil, and is difficult to clean and maintain in use; at the same time, since a certain thickness is required to function, it will be installed. Occupy a considerable amount of space.

Later, some manufacturers proposed a technique for comprehensively coating a film on the surface of a porous material, thereby improving the disadvantage that the porous material is difficult to clean and maintain. For example, the asbestos porous material is coated with a fluorinated film as the inner layer of the soundproof wall on both sides of the elevated road to absorb the traffic noise and prevent the contamination of the soil or the deterioration of the material due to environmental erosion, thereby prolonging the porous material. The life of the material. However, such thin film materials tend to greatly reduce or hinder the sound absorbing effect of the porous material, so that the advantages of the porous material are no longer.

In addition, since Mr. Ma Dazhao proposed a microporous sound absorbing theory, the use of a metal plate alone and the formation of a large number of tiny holes in the metal plate can also be used as sound absorbing. At present, there are also manufacturers using simple metal plates, and a micro opening such as 0.04 mm (mm) is densely opened on the metal plate as a microporous sound absorbing plate. However, the opening aperture of the microporous sound absorbing panel is very small, and a large number of such perforations are required at the same time, and the corresponding tapered punch must be used for pressing, thereby piercing the metal plate to form micropores, and a large number of taps on the mold. The punch is extremely easy to damage during the stamping process, so that the frequency of mold replacement is extremely high, and the cost of the mold is greatly increased; and the unsuccessful metal plate will become a waste product, the yield yield will be reduced, and the output efficiency cannot be improved. Various factors make the manufacturing cost of the microporous sound absorbing panels impossible to reduce.

If the above-mentioned prior art is not ideal, if the volume size of the sound absorbing device can be reduced, the product structure is simplified, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the product yield and output efficiency are improved, and the sound absorbing device is easy to clean and maintain without reducing the sound absorption. The effect will help reduce the noise in the living environment and improve the quality of human life.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One object of the present invention is to provide a composite sound absorbing panel which utilizes a different size of aperture to achieve a good sound absorbing effect by combining a simple mesh material with a sheet material.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a composite sound absorbing panel which can effectively improve product yield and greatly reduce manufacturing cost by a simple structure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a composite sound absorbing panel which can effectively reduce the difficulty of cleaning and maintenance and ensure the convenience of maintenance by a simple structure.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a composite sound absorbing panel which can simplify the process by embossing or printing on the mesh material, greatly improving the output efficiency and facilitating mass production.

The composite sound absorbing panel disclosed in the present invention comprises: at least one mesh material, including a plurality of wires, and is woven together to form a plurality of fine holes; at least one plate combined with the mesh material, wherein the plurality of holes are formed through the plate to be larger than The pores of the pores; the plate material at least partially shields the pores, and the opening ratio after concealing is between 0.50% and 10.13%.

According to the above structure, the composite sound absorbing panel of the present invention can be combined with a plurality of fine meshes by forming a plurality of holes and a plurality of wires, and a sound absorbing effect can be achieved by a simple structure; at the same time, due to the plate and the net The combination structure of the materials is simple, and the production efficiency and the yield yield are improved, and the cleaning and the yield are easy to be damaged. Further, the composite sound absorbing panel of the invention has an ideal effect, and also has flexibility in use environment, and is easy to be used. Maintenance and cleaning, and reduce the space occupied; finally, reduce the production cost and technical threshold of the implementation technology, and adjust the specifications of the sound-absorbing technology according to the use environment, which is rich in flexibility.

1, 1', 1" ‧ ‧ composite sound absorbing panels

11, 11', 11" ‧ ‧ NET

111, 111’, 111”‧‧‧ holes

13, 13', 13" ‧ ‧ plates

131, 131’, 131”‧‧‧ holes

93‧‧‧Porous material

91‧‧‧Perforated plate

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a perspective view of a prior art for explaining the structure of a conventional sound absorbing panel.

2 is a perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention for explaining the structure of a composite sound absorbing panel.

3 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 2 for explaining a hole and a fine hole structure and a combination thereof.

4 is a perspective view of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention for explaining a composite sound absorbing panel suspended in the air.

Figure 5 is an exploded view of Figure 4 illustrating the pores, holes and composition of the composite sound absorbing panel.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a third preferred embodiment of the present invention for explaining a composite sound absorbing panel used as a sound absorbing wall.

Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged perspective view of Fig. 6 for explaining the composition of the composite sound absorbing panel and the arrangement of the holes.

Fig. 8 is a comparison result of the sound absorption rate test of the composite sound absorbing panel of the present invention under different shielding aperture ratios.

Figure 9 is a comparison of the sound absorption rate test of a simple perforated plate and a simple metal mesh.

The foregoing and other technical features, features, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from The label indicates.

For the first preferred embodiment of the composite sound absorbing panel of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 3 together, and the composite sound absorbing panel 1 installed in the room is exemplified by a piece of stainless steel wire. In the metal mesh, since the braided metal mesh is spread over the pores 111 having a pore size of, for example, 0.109 mm, the total number of pores of the metal mesh of this embodiment is approximately calculated according to the number of holes of 150 inches in one inch. 22,500, and such a metal mesh is defined herein as a mesh material 11. Due to the excessive aperture, such a mesh material, when present alone, has a sound absorption rate of less than 卅 in the main frequency range of human hearing. Especially because of the structure belonging to the woven mesh, except for the mesh line, the ventilating opening is partially open, and the opening ratio is obviously high, so it does not belong to the scope of the aforementioned microporous sound absorbing theory.

A plurality of wood boards are bonded to the metal mesh, and the wood board is defined as a board 13 in this embodiment. In this example, the board is combined in an adhesive manner, and a plurality of holes 131 are unevenly formed on the board, and the aperture of each hole 131 is approximately 0.8 to 1 mm, which is larger than the pores 111 of the mesh material 11, because the pore diameter is too large, and the microporous sound absorption theory is further inconsistent, and it is found that the sound absorption rate in the main range of human hearing is mostly lower than that. Forty percent. Although the composite sound absorbing panel 1 in this example is a flat shape, it can be changed to a curved surface or other shapes without hindrance. Further, the pores 111 in this example are through-holes formed by cross-woven of wires, but those skilled in the art can easily replace them with various similar sheets such as expanded mesh or other means for forming the above-mentioned fine holes.

Since the web 11 and the sheet 13 are closely adhered to each other, the pores 111 on the web 11 are mostly covered by the sheet 13, and only a part of the pores 111 are exposed corresponding to the holes 131 in the sheet 13. When the aperture and the aperture ratio of the plate 13 are fixed, and the aperture of the mesh material is changed, the composite sound absorbing panel 1 of the present embodiment is estimated by the reverberation chamber test as the number of holes of the fine holes 111 in the mesh material 11 changes. The data shows that in the main frequency range of human hearing, the effect of the sound absorption rate of all frequencies higher than 卅 can be achieved, and in a few cases, the sound absorption rate is less than 40%, especially when the number of holes When it is increased to 300, there will be 90,000 holes in a square inch, and the aperture will be reduced to 0.049 mm. The sound absorption rate can be increased to more than 50% at each frequency in the above main frequency range.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, when the number of holes of the metal mesh is reversely fixed to change the opening ratio of the sheet, the opening ratio of the sheet 13 after finally bonding and shielding the pores 111 is as low as 0.5% or 2.72%. The sound absorption rate of 40% to 50% can be achieved in the main range of hearing; even if the opening ratio is as high as 10.13%, it can ensure that the sound absorption rate in each frequency range is at least 卅. Compared with a single plate or mesh material, it can only have a sound absorption rate of more than 5% in a few frequency ranges, and most of them cannot have a sound absorbing effect. The present invention can hardly claim sound absorption for the two types shown in FIG. The combination of the effects of the materials can really change the absorption characteristics of the sound, and achieve a good sound absorption effect by the simple structure that has been eliminated in the industry.

Since the pore size of the plate 13 seriously affects the manufacturing yield and the output efficiency, when the hole diameter of the plate 13 in the present case is 0.3 to 2.5 mm, compared with 0.04 mm required for the existing microporous metal sound absorbing plate. The aperture, the manufacturing yield and the output efficiency of the sheet 13 are obviously improved, and the loss of the mold is also greatly reduced, and the opening ratio of the sheet 13 and the web 11 is between 0.50% and 10.13%, and the manufacturing technology is quite mature. . And in this case, the rear metal mesh is a so-called screen, and the manufacturing technology is quite mature. It has never been applied to the field of sound absorbing technology. Therefore, combining the two to achieve a good sound absorption effect is just The research direction that technology lacks.

In this example, the holes 131 of the sheet material 13 are regularly formed on the above-mentioned sheet material 13. Of course, even if the arrangement is changed or even irregularly arranged, the implementation of the present invention is not hindered. Of course, it is known to those skilled in the art that increasing the number of sound absorbing panels can further improve the sound absorbing effect, but only a single composite sound absorbing panel disclosed in the present invention can achieve good sound absorption, and no sound absorbing panel is provided. The situation is significantly different.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the second preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied to a public place such as a large indoor swimming pool. It is not suitable for directly mounting the sound absorbing panel on the glass because the glass is used as a wall. Therefore, in this embodiment, the composite sound absorbing panel 1' of the present invention is placed under the ceiling of the room in a hanging manner, especially in order to prevent the mesh material 11' from directly facing the outer side and being susceptible to impact scratching, in this embodiment, the composite sound absorbing sound is used. The board 1' is joined in such a manner that two sheets 13' are sandwiched by a piece of web 11'.

In this example, whether the mesh material 11' or the sheet material 13' is made of aluminum metal, because the aluminum metal has a low density, it is convenient to hang in the air, and the surface of the aluminum material automatically forms the third oxidation after oxidation. The protective layer of aluminum can avoid the continuous erosion caused by the humid environment. It is an ideal material for use in public facilities. Since the hole size of the hole 13' of the plate 13' is selected in the range of 0.8 to 1 mm, it is not easy to use the stamping method. Damage punches, unlike punched micropores, are easily broken and difficult to handle. The plate 13' on both sides is sandwiched between the intermediate webs 11' by, for example, rivets, and the holes 131' on the side plates 13' on the one hand are arranged corresponding to each other such that the central web 11' pores 111' Among them, the portion corresponding to the hole 131' is exposed to achieve the composite hole of the composite sound absorbing panel 1'; on the other hand, the overall combination is easy to install and clean and maintain; especially the metal material plate and the mesh material, so that the composite of the case The sound absorbing panel can also have a fireproof effect.

A third preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, is a polymer polymer wire, such as a PVC wire of plastic material, which is alternately placed with each other to heat the plastic wire to a slightly hot melt to make the staggered position. Adhesive to each other, the mesh material 11" thus forms a large number of fine pores 111", and is formed into the mesh material 11" in this example; however, those skilled in the art can also easily use PP, PE, nylon mesh, and special Substituting materials such as Duolong, or polyester fiber; and then coating the viscous polymer ABS resin material in a large amount and uniformly on the web 11" by, for example, printing, and filling most of the pores 111" After full, the resin material is cured by ultraviolet irradiation or heating, and a hard resin layer is formed on the mesh material 11" to constitute the plate material 13" of the present embodiment, and the plate material 13" is integrally bonded to the mesh material 11 In addition, those skilled in the art can replace EVA, PS, PET, SAN, PF, EP, UF or MF; the resin material is mostly filled with the pores 111 covered by the resin material. There are for example 3% of the pores 111" has not been Shielding resin layer and exposed to the outside, the holes 131 constitute part of the present embodiment. "

Therefore, in this example, the resin layer is infiltrated into the mesh material of the plastic wire to form an integrally formed composite sound absorbing panel 1", and can be fixed to a small distance from the wall by common building materials such as bolts. At this point, an air layer is formed between the composite sound absorbing panel 1" and the wall to further allow the sound waves to oscillate therein to be absorbed. In particular, the use of a thermosetting polymer material resin can also provide further shape changes. Thereby, the above object of the present invention is achieved, the manufacturing cost and difficulty of the composite sound absorbing panel are reduced, the convenience of maintenance is improved, and the market acceptance is further improved.

However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. As can be easily understood by those skilled in the art, the aforementioned mesh material can also utilize, for example, plain weave or spot welding. Forming in a similar manner is not inconsistent with the practice of the invention. All the equivalent equivalent changes and modifications made in the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

 A composite sound absorbing panel comprising: at least one mesh material, comprising a plurality of wires, and co-woven to form a plurality of fine holes; at least one plate combined with the mesh material, wherein the plurality of holes are formed through the plurality of holes to be larger than the pores a hole; the plate material at least partially shields the pores, and the opening ratio after concealing is between 0.50% and 10.13%.    The composite sound absorbing panel according to claim 1, wherein the wire forming the pores is a plurality of wires.    The composite sound absorbing panel according to claim 1, wherein the thread forming the pores is a plurality of polymeric filaments.    The composite sound absorbing panel according to claim 3, wherein the polymer is a collection selected from the group consisting of PP, PE, PVC, nylon mesh, Tedron, and polyester fiber.    The composite sound absorbing panel according to claim 1, wherein the plate material is at least one resin layer solidified and bonded to the mesh material, thereby shielding a part of the pores and exposing a part of the pores to form the holes. .    The composite sound absorbing panel according to claim 5, wherein the material of the resin layer is a collection selected from the group consisting of ABS, EVA, PS, PET, SAN, PF, EP, UF, and MF.