CN106782475B - Composite resonance sound absorption structure - Google Patents
Composite resonance sound absorption structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106782475B CN106782475B CN201510806457.6A CN201510806457A CN106782475B CN 106782475 B CN106782475 B CN 106782475B CN 201510806457 A CN201510806457 A CN 201510806457A CN 106782475 B CN106782475 B CN 106782475B
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite resonance sound absorption structure, which consists of a steel plate frame, an elastic perforated plate, a hollow pipe, a bottom plate, glass cement, a porous sound absorption material and a decorative sound absorption thin felt, wherein the outer diameter of the hollow pipe is in interference fit with the aperture of the elastic perforated plate; the elastic perforated plate is adhered to the front side of the steel plate frame by using glass cement; the porous sound absorption material is adhered to the inner side of the elastic perforated plate, a gap is reserved between the porous sound absorption material and the steel plate frame and between the porous sound absorption material and the bottom plate, and the decorative sound absorption thin felt is adhered to the outer sides of the elastic perforated plate and the steel plate frame. Can effectively absorb low-frequency sound waves, and the absorption frequency band is wide. The low-frequency sound absorber is suitable for occasions such as home theaters, recording studios, anechoic rooms, concert halls and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sound absorption structure, in particular to a composite resonance sound absorption structure capable of absorbing low-frequency sound waves.
Background
The problem of low frequency sound waves is difficult to control, such as building components, windows, doors or partition walls with double-layer structures, the medium and high frequency sound insulation of the components is generally high, so that the sound insulation evaluated by a single value is good, but the components are constructed by a mass-spring system, the resonance frequency of the spring system is probably about 100Hz or lower, so that the actual low frequency sound insulation is very low in the transmission process from the high sound level side to the low sound level side near the frequency, and in addition, the low frequency sound is transmitted indoors, so that the indoor simple vibration is further excited, and the low frequency of the indoor part is further strengthened. If the size of the room is less than 5m in at least one direction, the performance of normal vibration is obvious. In stadium acoustic design, control of the reverberation time of the low frequencies is crucial to the equality of the reverberation time.
Because the low-frequency sound absorption performance of the porous material is poor, a resonance sound absorption structure is often adopted to solve the problems of medium and low frequency sound absorption. When the frequency of the incident sound wave is consistent with the natural frequency of the resonance sound absorption structure, the resonance sound absorption structure generates resonance phenomenon, the sound absorption frequency spectrum of the resonance sound absorption structure takes the resonance frequency as the center to generate an absorption peak, and when the resonance frequency is far away, the sound absorption coefficient is very low. Since low frequency sound waves excite resonance more easily than high frequency sound waves, the main sound absorption band of the resonance sound absorption structure is at a low frequency. In practical application, the resonance sound absorption structure comprises a cavity resonance sound absorption structure, a thin plate resonance sound absorption structure, a thin film resonance sound absorption structure, a perforated plate resonance sound absorption structure and a micro-perforated plate resonance sound absorption structure.
Perforated plate resonance sound absorption structure
A closed cavity with a certain depth is arranged behind the perforated thin plate to form a perforated plate sound absorption structure which is a frequently used sound absorption structure and is equivalent to the parallel combination of single Helmholtz resonators. The perforated asbestos cement, gypsum board, hard fiber board, plywood, steel plate and aluminum plate can be used as the perforated plate resonance sound absorption structure, and the absorption is large near the structure resonance frequency. The resonance sound absorption frequency band of the perforated plate is narrow, and in order to increase the sound absorption frequency band width and the sound absorption coefficient, a porous sound absorption material can be filled in the cavity behind the perforated plate. A wider sound absorption band can also be obtained if several perforated plates with resonant peaks abutting each other are used simultaneously.
The resonance frequency (Hz) of the perforated plate can be calculated as follows:
ƒ0=
in the formula: l is the thickness of the air layer behind the plate; cm
t is the effective length of the aperture; cm
d is the pore diameter; cm
c-speed of sound; 34400cm/s
P-perforation rate.
Two, sheet metal resonance sound absorption structure
The non-perforated thin plate (such as metal plate, plywood and plastic plate) is fixed on the frame at the periphery, and an air layer with a certain thickness is left behind, thus forming the thin plate resonance sound absorption structure. The thin plate is equivalent to a mass block, and the air layer behind the plate is equivalent to a spring. When sound waves act on the surface of the sheet, bending vibration of the sheet is caused under alternating action of sound pressure. The kinetic energy of the vibration is converted into heat energy and the sound energy is attenuated due to the friction between the thin plate and the fixed pivot and the internal friction loss caused by the interior of the thin plate. When the frequency of the incident sound wave is consistent with the natural frequency of the resonance sound absorption structure, the resonance sound absorption structure generates resonance phenomenon.
The resonance frequency (Hz) of the sheet resonant sound absorbing structure can be calculated as follows:
in the formula: m is the sheet areal density; kg/m device
D-air layer thickness; cm
ρ is air density; kg/m device
c-speed of sound; 34400 cm/s.
At present, when the inner diameter of a low-frequency sound wave absorption device of building acoustics is one fourth of the wavelength of the lowest frequency band absorbed, the sound absorption coefficient is the highest.
Wavelengths λ =4.86m, 1/2 λ =2.43m, 1/4 λ =1.21m for the 70Hz octave center frequency.
Wavelengths λ =5.67m, 1/2 λ =2.83m, 1/4 λ =1.42m for a 60Hz octave center frequency.
The wavelength λ =6.80m, 1/2 λ =3.40m, 1/4 λ =1.70m for the 50Hz octave center frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband composite resonance low-frequency sound absorption structure by combining the advantages of a thin plate resonance sound absorption structure and a perforated plate resonance sound absorption structure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a composite resonance sound absorption structure comprises a steel plate frame, an elastic perforated plate, a hollow pipe, a bottom plate, glass cement, a porous sound absorption material and a decorative sound absorption thin felt, wherein the outer diameter of the hollow pipe is in interference fit with the aperture of the elastic perforated plate; the elastic perforated plate is adhered to the front side of the steel plate frame by using glass cement; the porous sound absorption material is adhered to the inner side of the elastic perforated plate, a gap is reserved between the porous sound absorption material and the steel plate frame and between the porous sound absorption material and the bottom plate, and the decorative sound absorption thin felt is adhered to the outer sides of the elastic perforated plate and the steel plate frame. Can effectively absorb low-frequency sound waves, and the absorption frequency band is wide. The low-frequency sound absorber is suitable for occasions such as home theaters, recording studios, anechoic rooms, concert halls and the like.
The effective length of perforated plate resonance sound absorption structure aperture is decided by the length of hollow tube, which is equivalent to increase the thickness of perforated plate resonance sound absorption structure, and the longer the effective length, the lower the absorbed frequency. The elastic perforated plate is adhered to the front surface of the steel plate frame by using glass cement, and the glass cement has the characteristics of strong adhesion and good weather resistance. When sound waves are incident to the elastic thin plate, the elastic thin plate enables the plate to be bent and deformed under the excitation of sound wave alternating pressure, and due to the fact that the friction coefficient between the elastic thin plate and the glass cement is high, friction loss is large, and the internal loss of the elastic thin plate is added, mechanical energy of the sound waves is converted into heat energy, and therefore sound energy consumption is improved, and the effect of high sound absorption is achieved.
The porous sound absorption material is filled in the cavity behind the perforated plate, so that the damping effect of the resonator can be increased, and the width of the sound absorption frequency band of the resonator can be increased.
The porous sound absorption plate is adhered to the inner side of the elastic perforated plate, the hollow tube is vertically arranged on the inner side of the elastic perforated plate, and the elastic perforated thin plate bears the weight of the hollow tube and the porous sound absorption plate, so that the surface density of the elastic thin plate is effectively improved, the vibration participating quality is increased, the resonance frequency of the thin plate resonance sound absorption structure is effectively reduced, and the absorption capacity of low-frequency sound waves is improved.
When the decorative sound absorption thin felt is adhered outside the elastic perforated plate and the frame plate, the friction resistance is increased when air molecules resonate through the hollow tube, and the sound absorption performance is obviously improved. Meanwhile, the density of the elastic perforated plate and the overall decoration of the composite resonance sound absorption structure are improved.
The elastic perforated plate is formed by perforating an elastic thin plate, holes are arranged in a triangular or square arrangement, and the perforation pitch of the elastic perforated plate is 50-150 mm. The steel plate frame is made of 2-3 mm steel plate folded plates, the long edge of the frame is 1300-1800 mm, the short edge of the frame is 600-1000 mm, and the thickness of the frame is 100-250 mm.
The hollow pipe is a PVC thin pipe and an organic glass pipe, the inner diameter of the hollow pipe is 6-14 mm, the proportion of the inner diameter of the hollow pipe in the area of the elastic perforated plate is 1-5%, and the length of the hollow pipe is 25-150 mm. The elastic perforated plate, the porous sound absorption material, the hollow pipe and the decorative sound absorption thin felt determine the surface density of the elastic thin plate; the porous sound absorption material is melamine foaming sound absorption cotton or a superfine glass wool board. The steel plate frame and the bottom plate are made of 2-3 mm steel plates.
According to the calculation formula of the perforated plate resonance sound absorption structure, the following can be obtained:
1. thickness of perforated plate (length of hollow tube) versus resonance frequency: ƒ0Inversely proportional to the square root of the thickness t of the plate, which is doubled, the resonance frequency ƒ0The frequency is reduced 1/2 octaves accordingly. The thickness t of the plate mainly affects the high-frequency sound absorption performance of the sound absorption structure, the thickness is increased, and the resonant frequency is ƒ0Moving towards the low-frequency direction; the thickness of the perforated plate is increased, and the peak value of the resonance sound absorption slightly moves to low frequency.
The hollow tube has various lengths, so that the frequency spectrum width of low-frequency absorption can be widened, a wide low-frequency sound absorption frequency band can be obtained, and a broadband composite resonance low-frequency sound absorption structure is formed.
2. Aperture of the perforated plate versus absorption frequency: ƒ0Inversely proportional to the square root of the aperture d, which is doubled, the resonant frequency ƒ0The frequency is reduced 1/2 octaves accordingly. Since the size of the hole diameter d of the perforated plate greatly affects the acoustic resistance, the acoustic resistance increases in inverse proportion to the square of the hole diameter, and therefore, the reduction of the hole diameter can effectively increase the acoustic resistance. As the aperture d is reduced, the high frequency sound absorption performance is improved, and the low frequency sound absorption performance is reduced. The aperture d is reduced, the peak value of the resonance sound absorption moves to high frequency, the aperture d is increased, and the peak value of the resonance sound absorption moves to low frequency.
3. Depth of cavity behind perforated plate versus absorption frequency: ƒ0Inversely proportional to the square root of the thickness L of the air layer behind the panel, which is doubled, the resonance frequency ƒ0The frequency is reduced 1/2 octaves accordingly. Along with the increase of air bed thickness L behind the board, the low frequency sound absorption performance reinforcing of structure: when the cavity depth is present, the penetration is smaller in the low frequency rangeThe sound absorption performance of the porosity is good, but the sound absorption performance of the larger perforation rate is good in a higher frequency range. The thickness of cavity behind the increase perforated plate, the peak value of resonance sound absorption moves to the low frequency, and the thickness of cavity increases one time, and the peak value of sound absorption moves 1/2 octaves to the low frequency, reduces the thickness of back cavity, and the peak value of resonance sound absorption moves to the high frequency, does not have back cavity, and the perforated plate does not have resonance sound absorption characteristic, only regards as the decorative board.
The invention has the advantages of effective absorption of low-frequency sound waves and wide absorption frequency band. The low-frequency sound absorber is suitable for occasions such as home theaters, recording studios, anechoic rooms, concert halls and the like.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional configuration view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 2.
In the figure, 1, a steel plate frame, 2, an elastic perforated plate, 3, a hollow pipe, 4, a bottom plate, 5, glass cement, 6, a porous sound absorption material and 7, a decorative sound absorption thin felt are arranged.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the composite resonance sound absorption structure consists of a steel plate frame (1), an elastic perforated plate (2), a hollow pipe (3), a bottom plate (4), glass cement (5), a porous sound absorption material (6) and a decorative sound absorption thin felt (7). The outer diameter of the hollow pipe (3) is in interference fit with the aperture of the elastic perforated plate (2), the hollow pipe (3) is vertically arranged on the inner side of the elastic perforated plate (2), the hollow pipe (3) is reliably connected with the elastic perforated plate (2), and the hollow pipe (3) has various lengths; the elastic perforated plate (2) is adhered to the front surface of the frame by glass cement; the porous sound absorption material (6) is adhered to the inner side of the elastic perforated plate (2), a gap is reserved between the porous sound absorption material and the frame and the bottom plate (4), and the decorative sound absorption thin felt (7) is adhered to the outer side of the elastic perforated plate (2) and the frame.
The elastic perforated plate (2) is formed by perforating an elastic thin plate, the perforation arrangement is triangular or square, and the pitch of the perforation (2) of the elastic perforated plate is 50-150 mm. The steel plate frame (1) is made of steel plate folded plates, the long edge of the frame (1) is 1300-1800 mm, the short edge of the frame is 600-1000 mm, and the thickness of the frame is 100-250 mm.
The hollow pipe (3) is a PVC thin pipe and an organic glass pipe, the inner diameter of the hollow pipe (3) is 6-14 mm, the proportion of the total inner diameter area of the hollow pipe (3) to the area of the elastic perforated plate is 1-5%, and the length of the hollow pipe (3) is 25-150 mm. The elastic perforated plate (2), the porous sound-absorbing material (6), the hollow pipe (2) and the decorative sound-absorbing thin felt (7) determine the surface density of the elastic thin plate; the porous sound absorption material (6) is melamine foaming sound absorption cotton or a superfine glass wool board.
It will be appreciated that many variations may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a compound resonance sound absorption structure comprises steel sheet frame, elasticity perforated plate, hollow tube, bottom plate, glass cement, porous sound absorbing material, decoration sound absorption mat, characterized by: the outer diameter of the hollow pipe is in interference fit with the aperture of the elastic perforated plate, the hollow pipe is vertically arranged on the inner side of the elastic perforated plate and is reliably connected with the elastic perforated plate, and the hollow pipe has various lengths; the elastic perforated plate is adhered to the front side of the steel plate frame by using glass cement; the porous sound absorption material is adhered to the inner side of the elastic perforated plate, a gap is reserved between the porous sound absorption material and the steel plate frame and between the porous sound absorption material and the bottom plate, and the decorative sound absorption thin felt is adhered to the outer sides of the elastic perforated plate and the steel plate frame; and determining the surface density of the elastic thin plate according to the elastic perforated plate, the porous sound absorption material, the hollow pipe and the decorative sound absorption thin felt.
2. The composite resonant sound absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein: the elastic perforated plate is formed by perforating an elastic thin plate, holes are arranged in a triangular or square arrangement, and the perforation pitch of the elastic perforated plate is 50-150 mm.
3. The composite resonant sound absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein: the steel plate frame is made of 2-3 mm steel plate folded plates, the long edge of the frame is 1300-1800 mm, the short edge of the frame is 600-1000 mm, and the thickness of the frame is 100-250 mm.
4. The composite resonant sound absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein: the hollow pipe is a PVC thin pipe and an organic glass pipe, the inner diameter of the hollow pipe is 6-14 mm, the proportion of the total inner diameter area of the hollow pipe to the area of the elastic perforated plate is 1-5%, and the length of the hollow pipe is 25-150 mm.
5. The composite resonant sound absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein: the porous sound absorption material is melamine foaming sound absorption cotton or a superfine glass wool board.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7172457B2 (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2022-11-16 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Sound-absorbing units and sound-absorbing structures |
| CN109707060B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-05-22 | 西安交通大学 | Continuous divergent gradient open-pore double-porosity sound absorption device and application thereof |
| CN109707059B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-05-19 | 西安交通大学 | Gradient slotting double-porosity sound absorption device and application thereof |
| RU2715727C1 (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-03-03 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тольяттинский государственный университет" | Low-noise technical room |
| CN110241935A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-09-17 | 吉林大学 | A kind of film holed technique plate and its preparation method and application |
| CN110176222B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2022-04-26 | 广州国显科技有限公司 | Display sounding panel and terminal equipment |
| CN111341292A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-06-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | Perforated plate laminated sound absorption structure |
| CN113593512A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-11-02 | 中南大学 | Multi-cavity composite sound absorption structure |
| CN116110360A (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-05-12 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | A metamaterial full-band sound-absorbing structure |
| CN117513565A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-02-06 | 江苏佰家丽新材料科技股份有限公司 | A porous plate grating with controlled sound absorption effect |
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| JP2014006297A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2014-01-16 | Nagoya Oil Chem Co Ltd | Sound isolation adsorbent |
| CN203703931U (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-07-09 | 华电重工股份有限公司 | Single-faced perforated sound absorber used for interior of heat recovery boiler |
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- 2015-11-21 CN CN201510806457.6A patent/CN106782475B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1572989A (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2005-02-02 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Porous sound-insulating structure |
| CN101086178A (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2007-12-12 | 刘涛 | Adjustable sound-adsorption device |
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