TW201821917A - Intelligent soot-blowing device and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種吹灰技術,且特別是有關於一種智慧型吹灰裝置及方法。 The present invention relates to a soot blowing technique, and more particularly to a smart soot blowing device and method.
常見利用石化燃料的能量發電的系統為鍋爐。藉由燃煤或是石油,鍋爐可產生蒸氣以驅動發電廠的渦輪。雖然目前提出許多方法來提升燃料燃燒過程的效能,所有的燃燒氣體都會具有一定數量的固體及/或熔融的副產品,包括會形成並沉積在鍋爐的模組中的積灰。為了避免這樣的問題發生,鍋爐常常配置有吹灰裝置,以導入蒸氣、氣流及/或水流至沉積物容易產生的表面,以有效地將沉積物從鍋爐中移除。然而,鍋爐中所使用的燃煤可能包含不同特性的煤質。舉例來說,部分煤質容易結渣,而部分煤質則容易積灰。混合有不同特性的煤質的燃煤將對吹灰策略的安排造成困難。 A system that uses the energy of fossil fuels to generate electricity is a boiler. By burning coal or oil, the boiler can generate steam to drive the turbine of the power plant. While many methods are currently being proposed to improve the efficiency of the fuel combustion process, all of the combustion gases will have a certain amount of solids and/or molten by-products, including ash that will form and deposit in the modules of the boiler. In order to avoid such problems, the boiler is often equipped with a soot blower to introduce steam, gas stream and/or water to the surface where the deposit is easily generated to effectively remove deposits from the boiler. However, the coal used in boilers may contain coal of different characteristics. For example, some coal is prone to slagging, while some coal is prone to ash accumulation. Coal-fired coal with different characteristics will make it difficult to arrange the soot blowing strategy.
因此,如何設計一個新的智慧型吹灰裝置及方法,以解決上述缺陷,乃為此一業界亟待解決的問題。 Therefore, how to design a new intelligent soot blowing device and method to solve the above defects is an urgent problem to be solved in the industry.
因此,本發明之一態樣是在提供一種智慧型吹灰(soot-blowing)裝置,應用於根據燃煤運作的鍋爐(boiler)中。智慧型吹灰裝置包含:儲存單元、分析單元、控制策略產生單元、複數吹灰單元、複數偵測單元以及複數控制單元。儲存單元配置以儲存複數歷史鍋爐運轉參數以及歷史煤質成份資料。分析單元配置以在特定時間區間中分析歷史鍋爐運轉參數以及歷史煤質成份資料,以判斷在鍋爐的目標功率消耗中,鍋爐的各複數個區域中的歷史吹灰頻率以及歷史煤質成份間的吹灰關係。控制策略產生單元配置以根據各區域的吹灰關係產生吹灰控制策略。吹灰單元配置以在鍋爐的不同的區域執行吹灰。偵測單元配置以偵測複數即時鍋爐運作參數。控制單元配置以接收吹灰控制策略以控制吹灰單元的吹灰,以及根據吹灰控制策略以及現在煤質成份產生複數預估鍋爐運作參數。其中控制單元更接收即時鍋爐運作參數,並計算即時鍋爐運作參數以及預估鍋爐運作參數間的複數差值,以根據差值調整吹灰單元的吹灰。 Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a smart soot-blowing device for use in a boiler operating in accordance with coal combustion. The intelligent soot blowing device comprises: a storage unit, an analysis unit, a control strategy generating unit, a plurality of soot blowing units, a complex detecting unit and a plurality of control units. The storage unit is configured to store a plurality of historical boiler operating parameters and historical coal quality data. The analysis unit is configured to analyze historical boiler operating parameters and historical coal quality data in a specific time interval to determine the historical soot frequency and the historical coal quality components in each of the plurality of boilers in the target power consumption of the boiler. Soaking the dust. The control strategy generation unit is configured to generate a sootblowing control strategy based on the sootblowing relationship of each region. The soot blowing unit is configured to perform soot blowing in different areas of the boiler. The detection unit is configured to detect a plurality of instantaneous boiler operating parameters. The control unit is configured to receive a sootblowing control strategy to control the sootblowing of the sootblowing unit and to generate a plurality of predicted boiler operating parameters based on the sootblowing control strategy and the current coal quality composition. The control unit further receives the instantaneous boiler operating parameters, and calculates the instantaneous boiler operating parameters and the predicted complex difference between the boiler operating parameters to adjust the soot blowing of the soot blowing unit according to the difference.
本發明之另一態樣是在提供一種智慧型吹灰方法,應用於智慧型吹灰裝置中,智慧型吹灰方法包含:藉由分析單元,在特定時間區間中分析儲存在儲存單元的複數歷史鍋爐運轉參數以及歷史煤質成份資料,以判斷在根據燃煤運作的鍋爐的目標功率消耗中,鍋爐的各複數個區域中的歷史吹灰頻率以及歷史煤質成份間的吹灰關係;藉由控制策略產生單元,根據各區域的吹灰關係產生吹灰控制策略;藉由 複數控制單元,接收吹灰控制策略以控制配置以對鍋爐的不同的複數區域執行吹灰的複數吹灰單元的吹灰,以及根據吹灰控制策略以及現在煤質成份產生複數預估鍋爐運作參數;藉由複數偵測單元,偵測複數即時鍋爐運作參數;以及藉由控制單元,接收即時鍋爐運作參數,並計算即時鍋爐運作參數以及預估鍋爐運作參數間的複數差值,以根據差值調整吹灰單元的吹灰。 Another aspect of the present invention provides a smart soot blowing method for use in a smart soot blowing apparatus. The smart soot blowing method comprises: analyzing, by a analyzing unit, a plurality of stored in a storage unit in a specific time interval. Historical boiler operating parameters and historical coal quality data to determine the historical soot frequency in each of the multiple zones of the boiler and the sootblowing relationship between historical coal components in the target power consumption of the boiler operating according to coal combustion; The control strategy generating unit generates a soot blowing control strategy according to the soot blowing relationship of each area; receiving, by the plurality of control units, the soot blowing control strategy to control the configuration to perform soot blowing of the plurality of soot blowing units for different complex areas of the boiler Soot blowing, and based on the soot blowing control strategy and the current coal quality component to generate a plurality of estimated boiler operating parameters; detecting the complex boiler operating parameters by the plurality of detecting units; and receiving the immediate boiler operating parameters by the control unit, and Calculate the instantaneous boiler operating parameters and estimate the complex difference between the boiler operating parameters to adjust the soot blowing according to the difference The soot blowing of the unit.
應用本發明之優點在於藉由利用歷史鍋爐運轉參數以及歷史煤質成份資料間的吹灰關係來產生控制策略,吹灰行為將可依據煤質的特性進行。更進一步地,藉由根據即時鍋爐運作參數進行的複雜事件處理,吹灰行為將可被動態地調整。即便燃煤混合有不同特性的煤質,煤渣或是積灰仍可被有效地移除。 The advantage of applying the present invention is that the control strategy is generated by utilizing the historical boiler operating parameters and the sootblowing relationship between the historical coal component data, and the soot blowing behavior can be performed according to the characteristics of the coal quality. Further, the soot blowing behavior can be dynamically adjusted by complex event processing based on immediate boiler operating parameters. Even if the coal is mixed with coal of different characteristics, the cinder or ash can be effectively removed.
1‧‧‧智慧型吹灰裝置 1‧‧‧Smart soot blower
100‧‧‧儲存單元 100‧‧‧ storage unit
101‧‧‧歷史鍋爐運轉參數 101‧‧‧Historical boiler operating parameters
102‧‧‧分析單元 102‧‧‧Analysis unit
103‧‧‧歷史煤質成份資料 103‧‧‧Historical coal composition data
104‧‧‧控制策略產生單元 104‧‧‧Control Strategy Generation Unit
105‧‧‧吹灰關係 105‧‧‧Blowing relationship
106‧‧‧吹灰單元 106‧‧‧Blowing unit
107‧‧‧吹灰控制策略 107‧‧‧Blowing control strategy
108‧‧‧偵測單元 108‧‧‧Detection unit
109‧‧‧即時鍋爐運作參數 109‧‧‧Instantaneous boiler operating parameters
110‧‧‧控制單元 110‧‧‧Control unit
2‧‧‧鍋爐 2‧‧‧Boiler
200‧‧‧燃燒器區段 200‧‧‧burner section
201‧‧‧燃煤 201‧‧‧burning coal
202‧‧‧爐膛 202‧‧‧ furnace
204‧‧‧水牆管 204‧‧‧Water wall tube
206‧‧‧一次過熱器 206‧‧‧One superheater
208‧‧‧二次過熱器 208‧‧‧Secondary superheater
210‧‧‧三次過熱器 210‧‧‧Three superheaters
212‧‧‧後端過熱器 212‧‧‧Back end superheater
214‧‧‧再熱器 214‧‧‧Reheater
216‧‧‧燃料節約器 216‧‧‧fuel saver
300‧‧‧智慧型吹灰方法 300‧‧‧Smart soot blowing method
301-305‧‧‧步驟 301-305‧‧‧Steps
第1A圖為本發明一實施例中,一種智慧型吹灰裝置以及鍋爐之方塊圖;第1B圖為本發明一實施例中,鍋爐的側剖面圖;第2A圖及第2B圖為本發明一實施例中,描述吹灰控制策略在不同運作狀況下包含的複數個吹灰調整策略的表格;以及第3圖為本發明一實施例中,一種智慧型吹灰方法的流程圖。 1A is a block diagram of a smart soot blowing device and a boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1B is a side cross-sectional view of the boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 2A and 2B are the present invention In one embodiment, a table of a plurality of sootblowing adjustment strategies included in the different operating conditions of the sootblowing control strategy is described; and FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a smart sootblowing method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
請同時參照第1A圖及第1B圖。第1A圖為本發明一實施例中,一種智慧型吹灰裝置1以及鍋爐2之方塊圖。第1B圖為本發明一實施例中,鍋爐2的側剖面圖。 Please refer to both Figure 1A and Figure 1B. 1A is a block diagram of a smart soot blowing device 1 and a boiler 2 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1B is a side sectional view showing the boiler 2 in an embodiment of the invention.
智慧型吹灰裝置1應用鍋爐2中,以對鍋爐2執行吹灰。於一實施例中,鍋爐2根據燃煤201運作。 The intelligent soot blowing device 1 is applied to the boiler 2 to perform soot blowing on the boiler 2. In one embodiment, the boiler 2 operates in accordance with the coal 201.
如第1B圖所示,鍋爐2包含:燃燒器區段200、爐膛(furnace)202、水牆管204、一次過熱器206、二次過熱器208、三次(tertiary)過熱器210、後端過熱器212、再熱器214以及燃料節約器216。 As shown in FIG. 1B, the boiler 2 includes a burner section 200, a furnace 202, a water wall tube 204, a primary superheater 206, a secondary superheater 208, a tertiary superheater 210, and a rear end superheat. The device 212, the reheater 214, and the fuel saver 216.
在運作時,燃煤201被供應至燃燒器區段200。由燃燒產生的輻射熱以及對流熱用以對水牆管204中的加壓水進行加熱(蒸發或是過熱),以形成爐膛202的水牆。水牆管204中的蒸氣被導入過熱器區段。蒸氣被加熱並被導入例如,但不限於蒸氣渦輪發電機系統以及凝結與給水系統(未繪示),並由一次過熱器206、二次過熱器208、三次過熱器210、後端過熱器212以及再熱器214再加熱。由凝結與給水系統產生的高溫加壓水接著被燃料節約器216接收。在燃料節約器216中,給水將進入水牆管204,並由鍋爐的排氣進行預熱。 In operation, coal-fired 201 is supplied to the combustor section 200. The radiant heat generated by the combustion and the convective heat are used to heat (evaporate or superheat) the pressurized water in the water wall tube 204 to form a water wall of the furnace 202. The vapor in the water wall tube 204 is directed to the superheater section. The vapor is heated and introduced, for example, but not limited to, a steam turbine generator system and a condensing and watering system (not shown), and is comprised of a primary superheater 206, a secondary superheater 208, a tertiary superheater 210, and a rear superheater 212. And the reheater 214 is reheated. The high temperature pressurized water produced by the condensation and feedwater system is then received by fuel saver 216. In the fuel saver 216, the feed water will enter the water wall tube 204 and be preheated by the exhaust of the boiler.
智慧型吹灰裝置1包含:儲存單元100、分析單元102、控制策略產生單元104、複數吹灰單元106、複數偵測單元108以及複數控制單元110。 The smart soot blowing device 1 includes a storage unit 100, an analyzing unit 102, a control strategy generating unit 104, a complex soot blowing unit 106, a complex detecting unit 108, and a complex control unit 110.
儲存單元100可為任何儲存媒介,例如唯讀記憶體(read-only memory;ROM)、快閃記憶體、磁片、硬碟、光碟、隨身碟、磁帶或是可由網路存取的資料庫。 The storage unit 100 can be any storage medium such as a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a magnetic disk, a hard disk, a compact disk, a flash drive, a magnetic tape, or a network accessible database. .
於一實施例中,儲存單元100儲存複數歷史鍋爐運轉參數101以及歷史煤質成份資料103。 In one embodiment, the storage unit 100 stores a plurality of historical boiler operating parameters 101 and historical coal quality information 103.
歷史鍋爐運轉參數101可包含例如,但不限於鍋爐2中不同區域例如爐膛及蒸氣的溫度、鍋爐2的功耗、鍋爐2中使用的燃煤量、鍋爐2中的功率轉換效率、鍋爐2的清潔度、鍋爐2的吹灰頻率及分布以及鍋爐2中的灑水量。 The historical boiler operating parameters 101 may include, for example, but are not limited to, different temperatures in the boiler 2 such as the temperature of the furnace and steam, the power consumption of the boiler 2, the amount of coal used in the boiler 2, the power conversion efficiency in the boiler 2, the boiler 2 Cleanliness, soot blowing frequency and distribution of boiler 2, and sprinkling amount in boiler 2.
歷史煤質成份資料103可包含例如,但不限於不同煤質間的比例。於一實施例中,燃煤可包含例如,但不限於具有結渣特性的煤質以及具有積灰特性的煤質。當鍋爐2使用具有結渣特性的煤質時,將容易產生煤渣。而當鍋爐2使用具有積灰特性的煤質時,將容易產生積灰。在不同的使用情境中,燃煤可包含混和不同特性的煤質。 Historical coal quality component data 103 may include, for example, but not limited to, a ratio between different coal qualities. In an embodiment, the coal combustion may include, for example, but is not limited to, coal having slagging characteristics and coal having ash deposition characteristics. When the boiler 2 uses coal having slagging characteristics, cinders are easily generated. When the boiler 2 uses coal having a dust collecting property, it is easy to generate dust. In different use scenarios, coal combustion may contain coal with different characteristics.
分析單元102配置以在特定時間區間中分析歷史鍋爐運轉參數101以及歷史煤質成份資料103,例如但不限於一星期或是一個月的時間區間。於一實施例中,在分析進行之前,可對於歷史鍋爐運轉參數101以及歷史煤質成份資料103進行前處理,以移除異常值、校齊時間區間,並對其進行正規化。 The analysis unit 102 is configured to analyze the historical boiler operating parameters 101 and the historical coal quality composition data 103 for a particular time interval, such as, but not limited to, a one week or one month time interval. In one embodiment, the historical boiler operating parameters 101 and the historical coal quality component data 103 may be pre-processed prior to analysis to remove outliers, calibration time intervals, and normalize them.
根據分析結果,分析單元102判斷在鍋爐2的目標功率消耗中,鍋爐2的各區域中的歷史吹灰頻率以及歷史煤質成份間的吹灰關係105。 Based on the analysis results, the analysis unit 102 determines the historical soot frequency in each region of the boiler 2 and the sootblowing relationship 105 between the historical coal components in the target power consumption of the boiler 2.
在不同實施例中,分析單元102可使用歷史鍋爐運轉參數101以及歷史煤質成份資料103做為學習資料(training data),藉由任何機器學習方法判斷吹灰關係105。根據鍋爐的運作以及煤質成分,可建立不同類型的模型。 In various embodiments, the analysis unit 102 can use the historical boiler operating parameters 101 and the historical coal quality component data 103 as training data to determine the sootblowing relationship 105 by any machine learning method. Different types of models can be established depending on the operation of the boiler and the composition of the coal.
舉例來說,當燃煤包含較多具有結渣特性的煤質時,煤渣容易積聚於鍋爐2的前端區域。在此情形下,如果對鍋爐2的前端區域進行頻繁的吹灰,鍋爐2的溫度將不會太高,並提升鍋爐2的效能。 For example, when coal combustion contains more coal having slagging characteristics, coal slag tends to accumulate in the front end region of the boiler 2. In this case, if the front end region of the boiler 2 is frequently blown, the temperature of the boiler 2 will not be too high and the performance of the boiler 2 will be improved.
另一方面來說,當燃煤包含較多具有積灰特性的煤質時,灰容易積聚於鍋爐2的後端區域。在此情形下,如果對鍋爐2的後端區域進行頻繁的吹灰,鍋爐2的溫度將不會太高,並提升鍋爐2的效能。 On the other hand, when coal combustion contains a large amount of coal having ash deposition characteristics, ash tends to accumulate in the rear end region of the boiler 2. In this case, if the back end region of the boiler 2 is subjected to frequent soot blowing, the temperature of the boiler 2 will not be too high and the efficiency of the boiler 2 will be improved.
控制策略產生單元104配置以根據鍋爐2的各區域的吹灰關係105產生吹灰控制策略107。 The control strategy generation unit 104 is configured to generate a soot control strategy 107 based on the sootblowing relationship 105 of each region of the boiler 2.
於一實施例中,由於吹灰控制策略107是根據吹灰關係105所產生,吹灰控制策略107將依據煤質的特性控制吹灰行為。 In one embodiment, since the sootblowing control strategy 107 is generated in accordance with the sootblowing relationship 105, the sootblowing control strategy 107 will control the sootblowing behavior in accordance with the characteristics of the coal quality.
舉例來說,當具有結渣特性的煤質佔燃煤的比例大於第一門檻值時,吹灰控制策略107增加對應鍋爐2的前端區域的吹灰頻率。當具有積灰特性的煤質佔燃煤的比例大於第二門檻值時,吹灰控制策略107增加對應鍋爐2的後端區域的吹灰頻率。然而,本發明並不以此為限。 For example, when the proportion of coal having slagging characteristics to coal is greater than the first threshold, the soot control strategy 107 increases the soot frequency corresponding to the front end region of the boiler 2. When the proportion of coal having coal accumulation characteristics to coal is greater than the second threshold, the soot control strategy 107 increases the soot frequency corresponding to the rear end region of the boiler 2. However, the invention is not limited thereto.
吹灰單元106配置以在鍋爐2的不同的區域執行吹灰。更詳細來說,吹灰單元106可如第1B圖所示,實際配置於鍋爐2的不同區域,例如但不限於水牆管204、一次過熱器206、二次過熱器208、三次(tertiary)過熱器210、後端過熱器212以及再熱器214。吹灰單元106可利用例如,但不限於水流或空氣,對鍋爐2進行吹灰。於一實施例中,各個吹灰單元106對鍋爐2的不同區域進行吹灰。 The soot blowing unit 106 is configured to perform soot blowing in different areas of the boiler 2. In more detail, the soot blowing unit 106 can be physically disposed in different areas of the boiler 2 as shown in FIG. 1B, such as but not limited to the water wall tube 204, the primary superheater 206, the secondary superheater 208, and the tertiary. Superheater 210, rear superheater 212, and reheater 214. The soot blowing unit 106 may be used to soot the boiler 2 using, for example, but not limited to, water flow or air. In one embodiment, each soot blowing unit 106 performs sootblowing on different areas of the boiler 2.
第2A圖及第2B圖為本發明一實施例中,描述吹灰控制策略107在不同運作狀況下包含的複數個吹灰調整策略的表格。 2A and 2B are tables showing a plurality of sootblowing adjustment strategies included in the soot control strategy 107 under different operating conditions in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
於一實施例中,鍋爐運作參數包含後端過熱器溫度、排氣出口溫度以及灑水量。吹灰控制策略107可根據根據現在煤質成份,以及後端過熱器溫度、排氣出口溫度以及灑水量的結合狀況調整吹灰單元106的吹灰。 In one embodiment, the boiler operating parameters include a rear superheater temperature, an exhaust outlet temperature, and a sprinkling amount. The soot blowing control strategy 107 can adjust the soot blowing of the soot blowing unit 106 in accordance with the combination of the current coal quality component, and the combination of the rear end superheater temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature, and the sprinkling amount.
如圖所示,第一行表示煤質特性,第二行至第四行表示運作狀況,且第五行表示策略。 As shown, the first row represents the coal quality characteristics, the second row to the fourth row represent the operational status, and the fifth row represents the strategy.
因此,除了第一列,第2A圖的表格中的其他八列均為在燃煤被判斷為具有結渣特性時的運作狀況的組合。於一實施例中,當燃煤中具有結渣特性的煤質的百分比高於一個成份門檻值的情形下,此燃煤被判斷為具有結渣特性。 Therefore, in addition to the first column, the other eight columns in the table of FIG. 2A are combinations of operational conditions when coal combustion is judged to have slagging characteristics. In one embodiment, the coal is judged to have slagging characteristics when the percentage of coal having slagging characteristics in the coal is higher than a component threshold.
更詳細來說,對於第2A圖的第一列,當後端過熱器溫度高於一額定溫度、排氣出口溫度高於一溫度門檻值 且灑水量高於一灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐的水牆管204的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 In more detail, for the first column of Figure 2A, when the back-end superheater temperature is higher than a rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is above a temperature threshold, and the sprinkling amount is higher than a sprinkler threshold, the control strategy The soot blowing frequency of the soot blowing unit 106 corresponding to the water wall pipe 204 of the boiler is increased.
對於第2A圖的第二列,當後端過熱器溫度高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度高於溫度門檻值且灑水量不高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的水牆管204的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the second column of Figure 2A, when the rear superheater temperature is higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is not higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy increases the water wall corresponding to the boiler 2. The soot blowing frequency of the soot blowing unit 106 of the tube 204.
對於第2A圖的第三列,當後端過熱器溫度高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度不高於溫度門檻值且灑水量高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的後端過熱器212以及一次過熱器206的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率 For the third column of Figure 2A, when the rear superheater temperature is higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is not higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy is increased to correspond to the rear end of the boiler 2. The soot frequency of the superheater 212 and the soot blowing unit 106 of the primary superheater 206
對於第2A圖的第四列,當後端過熱器溫度高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度不高於溫度門檻值且灑水量不高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略不調整吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the fourth column of FIG. 2A, when the rear end superheater temperature is higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is not higher than the temperature threshold, and the sprinkling amount is not higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy does not adjust the soot blowing unit 106. The frequency of soot blowing.
對於第2A圖的第五列,當後端過熱器溫度不高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度高於溫度門檻值且灑水量高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的後端過熱器212的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率, 對於第2A圖的第六列,當後端過熱器溫度不高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度高於溫度門檻值且灑水量不高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐的後端過熱器212以及一次過熱器206的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the fifth column of Figure 2A, when the rear superheater temperature is not higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy is increased to correspond to the rear end of the boiler 2. The soot blowing frequency of the soot blowing unit 106 of the superheater 212, for the sixth column of the second drawing, when the rear end superheater temperature is not higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is not higher than the sprinkling amount When the water gate is devalued, the control strategy increases the soot frequency of the blower unit 106 corresponding to the rear end superheater 212 of the boiler and the primary superheater 206.
對於第2A圖的第七列,當後端過熱器溫度不高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度不高於溫度門檻值且灑水量高於 灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的後端過熱器212以及一次過熱器206的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the seventh column of Figure 2A, when the rear superheater temperature is not higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is not higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy is increased after the corresponding boiler 2 The soot frequency of the end superheater 212 and the soot blower unit 106 of the primary superheater 206.
對於第2A圖的第八列,當後端過熱器溫度不高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度不高於溫度門檻值且灑水量不高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的後端過熱器212的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the eighth column of Figure 2A, when the rear superheater temperature is not higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is not higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is not higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy is increased by the corresponding boiler 2 The soot blowing frequency of the soot blowing unit 106 of the rear end superheater 212.
另一方面,除了第一列,第2B圖的表格中的其他八列均為在燃煤被判斷為具有積灰特性時的運作狀況的組合。於一實施例中,當燃煤中具有積灰特性的煤質的百分比高於一個成份門檻值的情形下,此燃煤被判斷為具有積灰特性。 On the other hand, except for the first column, the other eight columns in the table of Fig. 2B are combinations of the operational states when the coal is judged to have the dust deposition characteristics. In one embodiment, when the percentage of coal having coal accumulation characteristics in coal combustion is higher than a component threshold value, the coal combustion is judged to have a dust accumulation characteristic.
更詳細來說,對於第2B圖的第一列,當後端過熱器溫度高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度高於溫度門檻值且灑水量高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的水牆管204的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 In more detail, for the first column of Figure 2B, when the rear superheater temperature is higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy is increased to the corresponding boiler. The soot blowing frequency of the soot blowing unit 106 of the water wall pipe 204 of 2.
對於第2B圖的第二列,當後端過熱器溫度高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度高於溫度門檻值且灑水量不高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的水牆管204的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the second column of Figure 2B, when the rear superheater temperature is higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is not higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy increases the water wall corresponding to the boiler 2. The soot blowing frequency of the soot blowing unit 106 of the tube 204.
對於第2B圖的第三列,當後端過熱器溫度高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度不高於溫度門檻值且灑水量高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的後端過熱器212以及一次過熱器206的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the third column of Figure 2B, when the rear superheater temperature is higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is not higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy is increased to correspond to the rear end of the boiler 2. The soot frequency of the superheater 212 and the soot blower unit 106 of the primary superheater 206.
對於第2B圖的第四列,當後端過熱器溫度高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度不高於溫度門檻值且灑水量不高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的一次過熱器206以及再熱器214的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the fourth column of Figure 2B, when the rear superheater temperature is higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is not higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is not higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy is increased once for the boiler 2. The soot frequency of the superheater 206 and the soot blower unit 106 of the reheater 214.
對於第2B圖的第五列,當後端過熱器溫度不高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度高於溫度門檻值且灑水量高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的後端過熱器212以及一次過熱器206的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the fifth column of Figure 2B, when the rear superheater temperature is not higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy is increased to correspond to the rear end of the boiler 2. The soot frequency of the superheater 212 and the soot blower unit 106 of the primary superheater 206.
對於第2B圖的第六列,當後端過熱器溫度不高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度高於溫度門檻值且灑水量不高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的後端過熱器212以及一次過熱器206的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the sixth column of Figure 2B, when the rear superheater temperature is not higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is not higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy is increased after the corresponding boiler 2 The soot frequency of the end superheater 212 and the soot blower unit 106 of the primary superheater 206.
對於第2B圖的第七列,當後端過熱器溫度不高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度不高於溫度門檻值且灑水量高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的後端過熱器212以及一次過熱器206的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the seventh column of Figure 2B, when the rear superheater temperature is not higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is not higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy is increased after the corresponding boiler 2 The soot frequency of the end superheater 212 and the soot blower unit 106 of the primary superheater 206.
對於第2B圖的第八列,當後端過熱器溫度不高於額定溫度、排氣出口溫度不高於溫度門檻值且灑水量不高於灑水門檻值時,控制策略增加對應鍋爐2的一次過熱器206以及再熱器214的吹灰單元106的吹灰頻率。 For the eighth column of Figure 2B, when the rear superheater temperature is not higher than the rated temperature, the exhaust outlet temperature is not higher than the temperature threshold and the sprinkling amount is not higher than the sprinkling threshold, the control strategy is increased by the corresponding boiler 2 The soot frequency of the primary superheater 206 and the soot blower unit 106 of the reheater 214.
第2A圖以及第2B圖所繪示的控制策略107僅為一範例。本發明並不以此為限。 The control strategy 107 depicted in Figures 2A and 2B is merely an example. The invention is not limited thereto.
偵測單元108配置以偵測鍋爐2的複數即時鍋爐運作參數109。更詳細地說,偵測單元108可實際設置於 鍋爐2的不同區域進行偵測。與歷史鍋爐運轉參數101類似,即時鍋爐運作參數109可包含例如,但不限於鍋爐2中不同區域的即時溫度、鍋爐2的即時功耗以及鍋爐2中的即時灑水量。 The detection unit 108 is configured to detect the plurality of immediate boiler operating parameters 109 of the boiler 2. In more detail, the detecting unit 108 can be actually disposed in different areas of the boiler 2 for detection. Similar to the historical boiler operating parameter 101, the immediate boiler operating parameters 109 may include, for example, but are not limited to, the instantaneous temperature of different zones in the boiler 2, the instantaneous power consumption of the boiler 2, and the instantaneous watering amount in the boiler 2.
控制單元110配置以接收吹灰控制策略107,以根據現在煤質成份控制吹灰單元106的吹灰。於一實施例中,控制策略產生單元104透過合作事件通道(collaboration event channel)傳送吹灰控制策略107至控制單元110。控制單元110進一步根據燃煤201的現在煤質成份,產生複數預估鍋爐運作參數(未繪示)。 The control unit 110 is configured to receive a sootblowing control strategy 107 to control sootblowing of the sootblowing unit 106 based on the current coal quality component. In one embodiment, the control strategy generation unit 104 transmits the soot control strategy 107 to the control unit 110 via a collaboration event channel. The control unit 110 further generates a plurality of estimated boiler operating parameters (not shown) based on the current coal quality of the coal 201.
控制單元110更接收即時鍋爐運作參數109,並計算即時鍋爐運作參數109以及預估鍋爐運作參數間的複數差值,以根據差值調整吹灰單元106的吹灰。於一實施例中,控制單元110根據複雜事件處理(complex event processing)根據即時鍋爐運作參數109以及預估鍋爐運作參數間的差值,調整吹灰單元106的吹灰。 The control unit 110 further receives the immediate boiler operating parameter 109, and calculates the instantaneous boiler operating parameter 109 and the predicted complex difference between the boiler operating parameters to adjust the soot blowing of the soot blowing unit 106 according to the difference. In an embodiment, the control unit 110 adjusts the soot blowing of the soot blowing unit 106 according to the difference between the immediate boiler operating parameter 109 and the estimated boiler operating parameter according to complex event processing.
於一實施例中,儲存單元100、分析單元102以及控制策略產生單元104可設置於一主控(master)裝置,而各個控制單元110可設置於一從屬(slave)裝置。然而,本發明並不以此為限。 In an embodiment, the storage unit 100, the analyzing unit 102, and the control policy generating unit 104 may be disposed in a master device, and each of the control units 110 may be disposed in a slave device. However, the invention is not limited thereto.
由於鍋爐2中的燃煤201可包含具有不同特性的煤質,週期性的吹灰將無法有效地同時移除結渣或是積灰。藉由利用歷史鍋爐運轉參數101以及歷史煤質成份資料103間的吹灰關係105來產生控制策略107,吹灰行為將可 依據煤質的特性進行。更進一步地,藉由根據即時鍋爐運作參數109進行的複雜事件處理,吹灰行為可被動態地調整。即便燃煤混合有不同特性的煤質,煤渣或是積灰仍可被有效地移除。 Since the coal 201 in the boiler 2 can contain coal having different characteristics, periodic soot blowing cannot effectively remove slagging or ash at the same time. The control strategy 107 is generated by utilizing the history boiler operating parameter 101 and the sootblowing relationship 105 between the historical coal component data 103, which can be performed in accordance with the characteristics of the coal quality. Still further, the soot blowing behavior can be dynamically adjusted by complex event processing in accordance with the immediate boiler operating parameters 109. Even if the coal is mixed with coal of different characteristics, the cinder or ash can be effectively removed.
請參照第3圖。第3圖為本發明一實施例中,一種智慧型吹灰方法300的流程圖。智慧型吹灰方法300可應用於第1圖中的智慧型吹灰裝置1。為便於理解,請同時參照第1圖。智慧型吹灰方法300包含下列步驟(應瞭解到,在本實施方式中所提及的步驟,除特別敘明其順序者外,均可依實際需要調整其前後順序,甚至可同時或部分同時執行)。 Please refer to Figure 3. FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a smart soot blowing method 300 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The smart soot blowing method 300 can be applied to the smart soot blowing device 1 in Fig. 1. For ease of understanding, please also refer to Figure 1. The smart soot blowing method 300 comprises the following steps (it should be understood that the steps mentioned in the embodiment can be adjusted according to actual needs, except for the order in which the order is specifically stated, or even simultaneously or partially simultaneously carried out).
於步驟301,藉由分析單元102,在特定時間區間中分析儲存在儲存單元100的歷史鍋爐運轉參數101以及歷史煤質成份資料103,以判斷在鍋爐2的目標功率消耗中,鍋爐2的各區域中的歷史吹灰頻率以及歷史煤質成份間的吹灰關係105。 In step 301, the historical boiler operating parameter 101 and the historical coal component data 103 stored in the storage unit 100 are analyzed by the analyzing unit 102 in a specific time interval to determine that each of the boilers 2 is in the target power consumption of the boiler 2. The historical soot frequency in the area and the sootblowing relationship between historical coal components.
於步驟302,藉由控制策略產生單元104,根據各區域的吹灰關係105產生吹灰控制策略107。 In step 302, the control strategy generating unit 104 generates a soot blowing control strategy 107 according to the sootblowing relationship 105 of each region.
於步驟303,藉由控制單元110,接收吹灰控制策略107以控制配置以對鍋爐2的不同區域執行吹灰的吹灰單元106的吹灰,以及根據吹灰控制策略107以及燃煤201的現在煤質成份產生預估鍋爐運作參數。 In step 303, by the control unit 110, the soot blowing control strategy 107 is received to control the soot blowing of the soot blowing unit 106 configured to perform soot blowing on different regions of the boiler 2, and according to the soot blowing control strategy 107 and the coal burning 201 The coal quality component now produces estimated boiler operating parameters.
於步驟304,藉由偵測單元108,偵測即時鍋爐運作參數109。 In step 304, the immediate boiler operating parameter 109 is detected by the detecting unit 108.
於步驟305,藉由控制單元110,接收即時鍋爐運作參數109,並計算即時鍋爐運作參數109以及預估鍋爐運作參數間的差值,以根據差值調整吹灰單元106的吹灰。 In step 305, the immediate boiler operation parameter 109 is received by the control unit 110, and the difference between the immediate boiler operating parameter 109 and the estimated boiler operating parameter is calculated to adjust the soot blowing of the soot blowing unit 106 according to the difference.
需注意的是,上述的步驟中,部分可視實作的需求而調整順序或增減,不為上述的順序及內容所限。 It should be noted that, in the above steps, the order may be adjusted or increased according to the requirements of the actual implementation, and is not limited by the above sequence and content.
雖然本案內容已以實施方式揭露如上,然其並非配置以限定本案內容,任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本案內容之精神和範圍內,當可作各種之更動與潤飾,因此本案內容之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Although the content of the present disclosure has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the content of the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make various changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present contents. The scope is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application attached.
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