TW201817456A - Automatic external defibrillator with stable voltage and current and high power output energy accumulation device capable of achieving the purpose of triggering and applying the electric shock with stable voltage and current - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic external defibrillator with a stable voltage and current and a high power output energy accumulation device. The power supply for the defibrillation circuit is connected with an energy accumulation circuit having a voltage converter and a high voltage rectifier. The high voltage rectifier is connected with an energy accumulator capable of accumulating the rectified high voltage for energy accumulation and power charge. Then, the energy accumulator is connected with a power control circuit having a pulse shaping circuit. The pulse shaping circuit is connected with a controller and an electric shock switch, respectively. The electric shock switch is connected in parallel with two electrodes that are adhered to the chest of the human body. When the operator presses the electric shock switch to perform triggering, a series loop is formed between the energy accumulator and the human body in contact with the electrodes so as to carry out electric shock and defibrillation by applying pulsed high voltage energy to the heart. When the energy accumulator is discharged, the energy accumulation circuit continues to stably replenish the energy accumulator to obtain stable and appropriate amount of high voltage electricity at any time, so as to achieve the purpose of triggering and applying the electric shock with stable voltage and current.

Description

   Automatic external defibrillator with stable voltage, current and high energy output energy storage device   

The invention provides an automatic external defibrillator with a stable voltage, current and high energy output energy storage device, especially a human body that can be pressed on a shock switch to make the energy storage contact with an electrode to form a series circuit to perform electric shock defibrillation. When the energy storage device is discharged, it will continue to be charged to obtain a stable voltage and current, which reduces the damage to the human organs and tissues and energy due to the exponential decay caused by the discharge of the capacitor or the high voltage.

Press, when the human heart has arrhythmia or is in a chaotic state and cannot contract synchronously to produce tremors, the pumping function of the heart will be completely lost, and the blood will not provide enough oxygen to cause hypoxia, which may cause the human brain As a result, it is damaged, or even sudden cardiac death occurs. Therefore, the most important thing is to use electric shock defibrillation to pass the heart with a sufficiently large pulse current to eliminate the arrhythmia, and promote the tremor of the myocardium to recover to the state of synchronous contraction on its own, in order to benefit the heart. The normal delivery of blood to the continuous circulation provides oxygen to vital organs of the body.

In addition, general electric shock defibrillation is an automatic external defibrillator (AED) with electric shock function as an emergency medical device for emergency patients with sudden death. It is mainly installed in public places with large populations (such as mall centers, Airports, stations, schools, fire brigades, ambulances, etc.) to provide non-professional medical personnel or the public to rescue sudden death patients, it usually has two electrode patches that can output current to stick to the patient, and Provide heart shock to patients under simple operation to restore heartbeat to prevent patients from failing or permanently necrosing most organs due to the inability of the heart to deliver blood normally, and the automatic external defibrillator has two characteristics First, it can automatically read the patient's electrocardiogram and confirm whether an electric shock is needed. Second, it can provide a state that is suitable for electric shock through software analysis. The operator can follow the voice instructions and press the button to defibrillate the shock. The overall method of use is very simple, which rarely causes injury to patients, which greatly improves the success rate of sudden cardiac death rescue. high.

However, please refer to the fifth and sixth figures, wherein the power supply A1 of the defibrillation circuit A is a voltage converter A21 connected to a charging circuit A2, and a high voltage rectifier A22 is connected to the voltage converter A21, and the high voltage rectifier A22 is connected to high voltage relay A23 and high voltage capacitor A24, and high voltage relay A23 is connected to a discharge circuit A3 with a shock switch A31 and two electrodes A32. When the automatic external defibrillator is turned on, the voltage converter A21 of its defibrillation circuit A And the high-voltage rectifier A22 will convert the DC voltage input from the power supply A1 into a pulsed high voltage, and the rectified current Is will be charged to the high-voltage capacitor A24 through the contact b of the high-voltage relay A23 with Ic, and the high-voltage capacitor A24 will be charged. After being fully charged, the indicator light will display a defibrillation signal, so that the operator can press the shock switch A31 according to the instructions to perform the shock defibrillation action.

When the operator presses on the shock switch A31, the high-voltage relay A23 will switch to contact c to form a conductive state, and cut off the high-voltage rectifier A22 circuit of the charging circuit A2, so that the high-voltage capacitor A24 contacts the two electrodes A32. Forming the conduction state of the series circuit, the current Id of the high-voltage capacitor A24 can be discharged to the two electrodes A32 through the current It at the contact c of the high-voltage relay A23, but because the current It = Id of the discharge circuit A3, the high-voltage capacitor A24 will release all the electrical energy. This high-voltage capacitor A24 discharges its voltage for the purpose of pursuing the effect. This will cause the output current to be unstable and produce an instantaneous high-voltage surge and an exponential decay of energy. This unnecessary high surge voltage release will also cause injury to the patient's heart or other organs and tissues, and lead to burns on the skin sticking electrode A32. Generally, it is a common practice to reduce the amount of electrical energy released by changing the duration of the discharge, and Make the output instantaneous high-energy pulse waveform a low-energy bidirectional cut-angle exponential waveform to maintain a certain effective current. In addition, After the capacitor is discharged, it is necessary to wait for the high-voltage relay A23 to switch to the contact b to form a conductive state before it can be recharged by the current Is. As a result, when the high-voltage capacitor A24 is recharged, it will delay for a certain time and affect the overall The charging efficiency and the timeliness of rescue are redesigned for those in the industry to effectively improve it.

Therefore, the inventor has the problem that the high-energy pulse output by the conventional automatic external defibrillator is prone to generate transient high-voltage surges, and it will delay a certain time when recharging, which will affect the overall charging efficiency. Evaluation and consideration, and using many years of research and development experience in this industry to make continuous trials and modifications, the invention patent for an automatic external defibrillator with a stable voltage and current high voltage energy output energy storage device was born.

The main object of the present invention is that the defibrillation circuit is an energy storage circuit having a power supply, and a voltage converter and a high-voltage rectifier are connected to the power supply, and the high-voltage rectifier is connected to a rectified high-voltage voltage for energy storage and charging. The energy storage device is connected with an electric control circuit with a pulse wave shaping circuit, and the pulse wave shaping circuit is respectively connected with a controller and an electric shock switch, and two electric shock switches are connected in parallel to the human chest. When the operator presses the electric shock switch to trigger, the energy storage device can form a series loop with the human body in contact with the two electrodes to perform electric shock defibrillation of the heart through pulse high voltage energy, and the energy storage device is discharged at the same time The energy storage circuit will continue to make stable and complete compensation to the energy storage device, and obtain a stable and appropriate amount of high-voltage power at any time without generating an instantaneous high-voltage surge and exponential decay of the energy, thereby achieving a constant high-voltage application with a stable voltage and a suitable amount of current. The purpose of the electric shock is to minimize the damage to human organs and tissues.

The secondary purpose of the present invention is that the defibrillation circuit uses a controller to adjust the pulse wave shaping circuit so that the maximum energy storage value of the energy storage device before electric shock defibrillation does not exceed 400 watts. Second (or Joule, J), when the shock switch triggers two electrodes to discharge the accumulator for electric shock defibrillation, the instantaneous high-energy pulse voltage and current waveforms output by it are two-way square waves of stable energy and make the peak voltage Low or relatively constant state to prevent the current or voltage released by the energy storage device from being too high during the initial phase of the discharge, and no surge will be generated.

Another object of the present invention is to connect a detection circuit and a digital isolator between the controller of the electrical control circuit and the shock switch, and use the controller to detect the patient's electrocardiogram through the detection circuit to automatically analyze the heart rhythm, so that the operator can pass The electrocardiogram monitors the patient's heart activity to determine whether an electric shock is needed. When an electric shock is applied to the patient, the high-voltage electrical part on the transmission path of the detection circuit can be isolated by a digital isolator to prevent the pulsed high-voltage voltage output by the two electrodes Electrocardiogram electronic device burned out.

1‧‧‧defibrillation circuit

11‧‧‧ Power supply

12‧‧‧ Energy storage circuit

121‧‧‧Voltage Converter

122‧‧‧High Voltage Rectifier

123‧‧‧energy storage

13‧‧‧Control circuit

131‧‧‧pulse shaping circuit

132‧‧‧controller

133‧‧‧shock switch

134‧‧‧electrode

135‧‧‧detection circuit

136‧‧‧Digital Isolator

A‧‧‧defibrillation circuit

A1‧‧‧ Power supply

A2‧‧‧Charging circuit

A21‧‧‧Voltage Converter

A22‧‧‧High Voltage Rectifier

A23‧‧‧High Voltage Relay

A24‧‧‧High-voltage capacitor

A3‧‧‧discharge circuit

A31‧‧‧shock switch

A32‧‧‧electrode

The first diagram is a circuit diagram of the present invention.

The second figure is a waveform diagram of high voltage discharge and time of the present invention.

The third figure is a waveform diagram of pulse current and time according to the present invention.

The fourth figure is a state diagram of the present invention.

The fifth figure is a circuit diagram of a conventional automatic external defibrillator.

The sixth figure is a waveform diagram of high voltage discharge and time of a conventional automatic external defibrillator.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object and effect, the technical means and structure adopted by the present invention, the drawings and detailed description of the structure and function of the preferred embodiment of the present invention are as follows.

Please refer to the first, second, third, and fourth diagrams, which are the circuit diagram, the high-voltage discharge and time waveform diagram, the pulse current and time waveform diagram, and the use state diagram of the present invention. The automatic external defibrillator with a stable voltage, current and high energy output energy storage device of the present invention is a defibrillation circuit 1 including a power supply 11 whose power supply 11 is a rechargeable battery, a lithium battery or other power supply, and An energy storage circuit 12 having a voltage converter 121 and a high-voltage rectifier 122 is connected to the power supply source 11, and an energy storage 123 is connected to the high-voltage rectifier 122, and an electrical control circuit having a pulse wave shaping circuit 131 is connected to the energy storage 123. 13, and the pulse wave shaping circuit 131 is respectively connected with a controller 132 which can adjust its pulse duty cycle (Duty Cycle), and an electric shock switch 133 which can be two normally open contacts, and two electric shock switches 133 are connected in parallel The two electrodes 134 are connected between the controller 132 and the shock switch 133. A detection circuit 135 is used to detect the electrocardiogram (ECG) and impedance through the two electrodes 134 attached to the patient's chest, and the detection circuit 135 can be analogously converted into Digital The digital isolator 136, which is transmitted to the high-voltage electrical part on the path of the controller 132 for isolation, and then cooperates with the LCD screen and speaker (not shown) on the body of the automatic external defibrillator to instruct the operator to follow the steps and For emergency patients, they can also contact externally or send distress messages through wireless communication circuits to provide immediate support.

When the automatic external defibrillator of the present invention is in use, the operator first presses the power switch to turn on, and sticks the two electrodes 134 of the defibrillation circuit 1 to the appropriate positions on the bare chest of the patient, as shown in the figure. Then the controller 132 cooperates with the detection circuit 135 to detect the electrocardiogram and impedance for automatic analysis of the rhythm. At this time, do not touch the patient, and then listen to it to indicate whether the operator needs a defibrillation shock according to the results of the analysis of the rhythm. If it is recommended, When an electric shock is needed, the electric shock switch 133 can be pressed to perform an electric shock, and the pulse current is passed through the electrode 134 through the human body to depolarize most of the myocardium to complete the defibrillation function, so that the trembling myocardium can automatically recover the synchronized contraction state.

While the defibrillation circuit 1 is charging, its energy storage circuit 12 can convert the DC voltage input from the power supply 11 into a pulsed high voltage through the voltage converter 121, and the current Is rectified by the high voltage rectifier 122 passes through the contact a to The current Ic charges the energy storage device 123. At this time, the current charged by the energy storage device 123 is Is = Ic. When the energy storage device 123 of the energy storage circuit 12 is fully charged, the LCD screen or instruction of the automatic external defibrillator The lamp will display a defibrillation signal or use the speaker to play a voice to indicate that the operator has completed charging. You can press the shock switch 133 to trigger the formation of a closed circuit state, and the human body in contact with the two electrodes 134 forms a series circuit conduction state. The current Id and Is released by the energy storage device 123 can flow into the pulse wave shaping circuit 131 of the electric control circuit 13 through the current Ia at the contact point a, and the controller 132 adjusts the pulse wave shaping circuit 131 to have a predetermined The pulsed high-voltage energy of the duty cycle (that is, the ratio of the duration of the positive pulse to the total period of the pulse) is then discharged to the two electrodes 134 through the current It at the contact t. At this time, the current It discharged by the control circuit 13 = Id + Ia, the electric current It output from the two electrodes 134 can be used to perform electric shock defibrillation on the human heart with pulsed high voltage energy.

When the energy storage device 123 is discharging for the first time, the current Is of the energy storage circuit 12 will continue to stabilize and replenish the energy storage device 123 with Ic, so that the charging of the energy storage device 123 is not interrupted and can be maintained in a full state. And because the electric current It = Id + Ia through the contact t when the electric control circuit 13 discharges, the current Id when the energy storage device 123 discharges will only release about half of the electric energy and not all of it, so that the energy storage device 123 Each time the discharge is performed, less electrical energy is consumed, and a stable voltage, current, and an appropriate amount of pulsed high voltage (such as 1.5kV) can be obtained at any time without the exponential decay of the transient high-voltage surge and energy, and It generates unnecessary high surge voltages that cause damage to human organs and tissues due to the old capacitor-type discharge of all electrical energy. In order to pursue the effect, it causes unnecessary high surge voltages to cause damage to human organs and tissues. It is more practical and safer to avoid unnecessary heart surges caused by patient's heart damage, burns on 134 areas of the chest skin adhesion electrodes or other organs and tissues.

Since the automatic external defibrillator uses the controller 132 to detect the patient's ECG and impedance through the detection circuit 135 to automatically analyze the heart rhythm, the operator can monitor the patient's heart activity by watching the ECG displayed on the LCD screen to determine whether it is needed Shock the patient. When the patient is shocked, the high-voltage electrical part on the transmission path of the detection circuit 135 can be isolated by the digital isolator 136 to prevent the pulsed high-voltage voltage output by the two electrodes 134 from causing the electronic equipment of the electrocardiogram to burn. Bad.

Please refer to the second and third figures, wherein the defibrillation circuit 1 can use the controller 132 to cooperate with the detection circuit 135 to detect the electric energy of the energy storage 123, and adjust the pulse wave shaping circuit 131 to make the energy storage 123 in the electric shock The maximum energy storage value before defibrillation shall not exceed 400 watts. Seconds (or Joules, J) are suitable. Generally, 200 Joules for the first defibrillation, 200 ~ 300 Joules for the second defibrillation, 360 Joules for the third defibrillation, etc. The duration is 3 ~ 10ms.

When the shock switch 133 triggers the two electrodes 134 to discharge the energy storage 123 for electric shock defibrillation, the waveforms of the instantaneous high-energy pulse voltage (V) and current (I) output are two-way square waves of stable energy and make the peak value The voltage (1.5kV) is low or relatively constant to prevent the current or voltage released by the energy storage 123 at the initial stage of the discharge from being too high, and it will not generate surges, and to minimize the impact on the human body. Damage to organs (such as the heart muscle) and tissues (such as the skin).

The above detailed description is only a description of a preferred feasible embodiment of the present invention, but this embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of patent application of the present invention, and any other equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit of the technology disclosed by the present invention Changes should be included in the scope of patents covered by the present invention.

In summary, the above-mentioned automatic external defibrillator with stable voltage, current and high energy output energy storage device according to the present invention can indeed achieve its efficacy and purpose. Therefore, the present invention is an invention with excellent practicality, which is in line with The application elements of the invention patent are submitted in accordance with the law, and I hope that the trial committee will grant this case as soon as possible to protect the inventor's hard invention. If there is any suspicion in the bureau, please do not hesitate to send instructions to the letter, and the inventor will cooperate with all efforts and be honest.

Claims (2)

    An automatic external defibrillator with stable voltage, current and high energy output energy storage device includes a defibrillation circuit with a power supply, and an energy storage circuit with a voltage converter and a high-voltage rectifier is connected by the power supply, and The high voltage rectifier is connected with an energy storage device that can store and charge high voltage voltage, and then the energy storage device is connected with an electric control circuit with a pulse wave shaping circuit, and the pulse wave shaping circuit is respectively connected with a controller and a shock switch, and The electric shock switch is connected in parallel with two electrodes adhered to the preset human chest. When the operator presses the electric shock switch to trigger, the preset human body that the energy storage device contacts with the electrode can form a series circuit to perform pulse high voltage energy on the heart. The action of electric shock defibrillation, while the energy storage device is discharging, the energy storage circuit will continue to steadily replenish the energy storage device to obtain a stable voltage and current, without generating an exponential decay of energy.         The automatic external defibrillator with stable voltage, current and high energy output energy storage device as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the controller of the electric control circuit and the shock switch are further connected through two The electrode detects the detection circuit of the electrocardiogram, and a digital isolator that can analogously convert the detection circuit into a digital signal and transmit it to the high voltage electrical part on the controller path for isolation.