TW201812410A - Depolarization element - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a depolarization element which can keep its high transparency, can reduce changes of color depth resulting from transmittance and at the same time can keep itself from being thick, the depolarization element including a liquid crystal layer formed of a liquid crystal in which a plurality of areas of different thicknesses are arranged.

Description

Polarization eliminating component

The present invention relates to a polarization canceling element that cancels the polarized state of light in a polarized state and changes the light to a non-polarized state as a whole.

Since the light having the same phase state (polarized light) is highly regular, interference occurs or the polarizing plate such as polarized sunglasses cannot be transmitted, and thus it is necessary to eliminate the state in which the phases are aligned (polarized state). As a method for achieving the object, for example, a technique of applying a film having a high phase difference as described in Patent Document 1 and a technique of applying an element having a plurality of regions having different film thicknesses as described in Patent Document 2 are employed. Further, as described in Patent Document 3, a technique in which inorganic particles having birefringence are dispersed in a transparent resin to be disorderly refracted to eliminate a polarized state is also known. [PRIOR ART DOCUMENT] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the transmittance of a film having a high phase difference as described in Patent Document 1 differs depending on the wavelength, and therefore, depending on the incident light, the color changes due to transmission. Happening. Further, in the case of the element described in Patent Document 2, the element becomes thick, and if there are a plurality of regions having different phase differences, the function as a polarization eliminating element is exhibited, but the transmittance determined by the wavelength appears. Deviation causes a problem of color tone. Further, in the technique of dispersing inorganic particles having birefringence in a transparent resin, since particles having different refractive indices are dispersed, transparency is impaired, and haze is increased. Therefore, in view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a polarization eliminating element which can maintain high transparency and reduce variations in color tone due to transmission, and can suppress an increase in thickness of an element. [Technical means for solving the problem] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described. One aspect of the present invention is a polarization eliminating element which emits a plurality of phase differences with respect to incident light, and has a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystals in which a plurality of regions having different thicknesses are arranged. In the above-described polarization eliminating element, the liquid crystal layer may have a shape in which a plurality of convex portions and a concave portion formed between adjacent convex portions are arranged on at least one surface. In the above-described polarization eliminating element, the liquid crystal layer may have a plurality of convex portions irregularly arranged on at least one surface and a concave portion formed between the adjacent convex portions. Further, the concave portion may be provided with an unevenness forming layer containing a transparent resin. Further, a polarization eliminating element in which the liquid crystal layer and the uneven layer are laminated on one surface of a transparent substrate may be used. Further, the convex portion may be configured to have a specific cross section and extend in one direction, and the direction in which the convex portion extends is in a range of more than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to the edge of the quadrilateral shape of the polarization eliminating element. tilt. Further, the liquid crystal layer may be configured to include a polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal material or a discotic liquid crystal material. Further, the liquid crystal layer may include a polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal material or a discotic liquid crystal material, and the convex portion has a specific cross section and extends in one direction, and the convex portion extends in a direction and a polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal material, or The direction of the slow phase axis of the discotic liquid crystal material is different. Further, the difference in thickness between the thickest portion and the thinnest portion of the liquid crystal layer may be 5 μm or less. Further, in the above-described polarization canceling element, when the front phase difference is Re and the thickness phase difference is Rth, the Nz coefficient expressed by Nz = (Rth/Re) + 0.5 is Nz at a wavelength of 450 nm. When the coefficient is N ₄₅₀ and the Nz coefficient at a wavelength of 550 nm is N ₅₅₀ , N ₄₅₀ <N ₅₅₀ -0.1 can be established. In the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer, when the birefringence at a wavelength of 450 nm is Δn ₄₅₀ , the birefringence at a wavelength of 550 nm is Δn ₅₅₀ , and the birefringence at a wavelength of 650 nm is Δn ₆₅₀ . It can be set as the relationship of Δn ₄₅₀ >Δn ₅₅₀ >Δn ₆₅₀ . In the polarization canceling element described above, the transmittance can be 0.2 or more and 0.8 or less at any wavelength in a wavelength range of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less. In addition, the polarized light canceling element may be disposed such that the polarized light is disposed between the two polarizing plates arranged orthogonally or in parallel with the absorption axis, and the optical axis is inclined at 45° with respect to the absorption axis in plan view. In the case of a device, the transmittance at any wavelength in the wavelength range of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less is 0.2 or more and 0.8 or less. Further, when the polarizing canceling element is used, a display device including a display unit that includes a polarizing plate and emits an image, and the polarized light eliminating element disposed on an image emitting side of the display unit, and the two polarized light beams may be provided. One of the plates is a polarizing plate provided on the above display unit. The thickness of the above-mentioned polarization eliminating element can be set to 20 μm or less. The haze value of the polarizing canceling element may be 5% or less. Further, a display device including a display unit that emits an image and the polarization eliminating element disposed on an image emission side of the display unit may be provided. The direction in which the convex portion of the polarizing-removing element is extended may be inclined within a range of more than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to a direction in which pixels of the display unit are arranged. Moreover, the form of the polarization eliminating element can be configured so as not to generate water ripples. [Effect of the Invention] According to the present invention, a plurality of regions having different thicknesses of the liquid crystal layer can be formed, and a plurality of different phase differences are applied to the transmitted light, thereby eliminating the polarized state of the transmitted light as a whole. In this case, the difference in transmittance determined by each visible light wavelength can be reduced, so that the change in color due to transmission can be suppressed. Moreover, since the liquid crystal layer is included, the layer can be made thin.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the form shown in the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these forms. In the drawings, for the sake of easy understanding, there are cases where the minute elements are deformed or enlarged, and the same elements are repeatedly arranged when the same elements are repeatedly arranged. Fig. 1 is a view for explaining a first embodiment, Fig. 1(a) is a perspective view of the polarization canceling element 10, and Fig. 1(b) is an exploded perspective view of the polarization canceling element 10. 1(a) and 1(b), the polarization-removing element 10 of the present embodiment includes a substrate 11, an uneven layer 12, and a liquid crystal layer 15. The base material 11 is a transparent layer which is a base material for laminating the unevenness forming layer 12 and the liquid crystal layer 15 on one surface thereof. As the material forming the substrate 11, various materials can be used. Among them, a material which is widely used as a member constituting an optical element and which has excellent mechanical properties, optical properties, stability, workability, and the like, and which can be obtained at low cost can be used. Examples thereof include a polymer resin having an alicyclic structure, a methacrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polystyrene resin, an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, and a methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer. A thermoplastic resin such as ABS resin or polyether oxime, or an epoxy acrylate or urethane-based reactive resin (free radiation curable resin, etc.), triacetyl cellulose resin, polyethylene terephthalate Ester resin (PET), glass, and the like. Further, the thickness thereof may be in the range of 10 μm or more and 1000 μm or less. The unevenness forming layer 12 is a layer that provides a plurality of portions having different thicknesses to the liquid crystal layer 15. In the present embodiment, a plurality of ridges 13 are arranged at intervals. Therefore, in the portion where the ridge 13 is disposed, the convex portion 12a and the ridge 13 become the concave portion 12b, and the convex portion 12a and the concave portion 12b are repeatedly arranged. In the present embodiment, the ridges 13 are quadrangular prisms having a quadrangular cross section, and the plurality of ridges 13 are arranged side by side along one side of the substrate 11 in such a manner that their columnar axes are parallel. As the material of the ridge 13 forming the unevenness forming layer 12, various materials can be used. Among them, a material which is widely used as a member constituting an optical element and which has excellent mechanical properties, optical properties, stability, workability, and the like, and which can be obtained at low cost can be used. Examples thereof include a polymer resin having an alicyclic structure, a methacrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polystyrene resin, an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, and a methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer. A thermoplastic resin such as ABS resin or polyether oxime; or an epoxy acrylate or urethane urethane-based reactive resin (free radiation curable resin), or a triacetyl cellulose resin. The base material 11 and the unevenness forming layer 12 described so far may be integrally formed without a boundary, or may be in the form of an uneven layer forming layer 12 in the area of the base material 11 and then in the form of other members. Examples of the production process include extrusion molding, shaping, and photolithography. In the case of production by extrusion molding, the base material 11 and the unevenness forming layer 12 can be integrally formed. Further, in the case of manufacturing by forming, the uneven layer forming layer 12 can be formed on the substrate 11. In this case, the base layer 11 and the uneven layer 12 can be the same resin material. Can be different materials. The liquid crystal layer 15 is laminated on the layer containing the liquid crystal material of the unevenness forming layer 12. Therefore, the surface on the side in contact with the unevenness forming layer 12 in the liquid crystal layer 15 has irregularities opposite to the unevenness of the unevenness forming layer 12. In other words, the liquid crystal layer 15 includes the convex portion 15a so as to fill the concave portion 12b of the unevenness forming layer 12, and the concave portion 15b is provided so as to be filled with the convex portion 12a of the unevenness forming layer 12. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the unevenness forming layer 12 and the liquid crystal layer 15 are in contact with each other with an uneven interface. On the other hand, in the liquid crystal layer 15, the surface opposite to the uneven surface side is a smooth surface in this embodiment. However, it is not limited to this, and other uneven surface may be formed. Here, regarding the liquid crystal constituting the liquid crystal layer 15, the birefringence at a wavelength of 450 nm is set to Δn. ₄₅₀ , set the birefringence at 550 nm to Δn ₅₅₀ , set the birefringence at 650 nm to Δn ₆₅₀ Can also be set to Δn ₄₅₀ >Δn ₅₅₀ >Δn ₆₅₀ Relationship. That is, a liquid crystal layer having a wavelength dispersion (positive dispersion) which has a phase difference from the short wavelength side to the long wavelength side in the visible light region can also be used. Previously, as a material having reverse dispersion characteristics opposite to the positive dispersibility (that is, a wavelength dispersion which is increased in phase from the short-wavelength side to the long-wavelength side in the visible light region), it is known to use bismuth polycarbonate. The ester copolymerizes the resin, but if the resin is used, the member becomes thick. The liquid crystal material is exemplified by a polymerizable liquid crystal compound having reverse dispersibility. However, in the case of such a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, the film can be formed into a thin film, but the cost is higher than that of the positively dispersible material, and there is a problem in that a large amount of the product is supplied. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, by adopting the above configuration, a liquid crystal material having a positive dispersibility can be used, and a thinner polarization eliminating element can be produced without suppressing the cost and without exhibiting a color tone. The liquid crystal material constituting the liquid crystal layer 15 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include rod-shaped liquid crystal materials (1) to (17) represented by the following chemical formulas. [Chemical 1] [Chemical 2] Among them, those containing a polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal material can be used. The polymerizable functional group in this case is, for example, polymerized by the action of free radiation such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams or heat. Specific examples include a radical polymerizable functional group. A typical example of the radically polymerizable functional group is a functional group having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond capable of undergoing addition polymerization, and specific examples thereof include a vinyl group and an acrylate group having or not having a substituent. (including a general term for propylene fluorenyl group, methacryl fluorenyl group, acryloxy group, methacryloxy group), and the like. Further, in addition to the above-mentioned rod-shaped liquid crystal material, a disc-shaped liquid crystal which is a disk-shaped liquid crystal material can also be used. Therefore, a known compound exhibiting a disc-type liquid crystal property having a core portion having a disk shape and having a side chain extending radially from the core portion can be widely used. The liquid crystal layer 15 as described above can be formed by applying a liquid crystal material to the substrate 11 and the unevenness forming layer 12. The polarization canceling element 10 having the above configuration is, for example, in the form described below. A cross-sectional view for explanation is shown in Fig. 2. In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 15 is alternately arranged with two different thickness regions due to the unevenness forming layer 12. That is, it is a region having a liquid crystal thickness indicated by d1 in FIG. 2 and a liquid crystal thickness region indicated by d2. The liquid crystal thickness indicated by d1 is the thickness of the region formed by the convex portion 15a of the liquid crystal layer 15, and the liquid crystal thickness indicated by d2 is the thickness of the region formed by the concave portion 15b of the liquid crystal layer 15. The thickness (d1) of the liquid crystal layer 15 for causing such a liquid crystal layer to function as described below can be in the range of 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less. Even in the range of 1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, an effect can be obtained. In the liquid crystal layer 15, the difference in thickness between the thickest portion (the portion in the form of d1) and the thinnest portion (the portion in the present embodiment which is d2) is preferably 5 μm or less. On the other hand, the distance p between the adjacent convex portions 15a shown in Fig. 2 is preferably 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. Although the reason is not clear, if the pitch is less than 1 μm, the effect of eliminating the polarized light tends to be small. Moreover, if the pitch is larger than 100 μm, the unevenness is recognized. More preferably, it is 20 μm or less. Further, the ratio of the convex portion 15a to the concave portion 15b between the one pitches is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set based on the required polarization elimination and the transmittance characteristics of each wavelength. However, as explained in the examples below, a more significant effect can be exerted by this ratio. Thus, since the liquid crystal layer is used in the present embodiment, the polarization state can be eliminated by a very thin element. For example, the thickness of the polarization-removing element 10 shown by d0 in Fig. 2 may be 20 μm or less. Moreover, since it can be made of a material having flexibility, the element can be made flexible, and can be flexibly handled for the shape of the object to which the polarization eliminating element 10 is applied. Further, since the liquid crystal is used in the present embodiment and converted into a plurality of lights having different phase differences, there is no increase in haze caused when the inorganic particles are dispersed, and light can be transmitted without the increase in haze. Specifically, a polarization eliminating element having a haze value of 5% or less can also be formed. The polarization canceling element 10 having the above configuration functions, for example, in the following manner. Light having a phase coincidence (in a specific polarization state) is incident on the polarization canceling element 10. Then, the light passes through the liquid crystal layer 15. Here, in the polarization eliminating element 10 of the present embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 15 has two kinds of regions having different thicknesses, that is, a region including the thickness d1 of the convex portion 15a and a region including the thickness d2 of the concave portion 15b. The phase difference (Re: retardation) generated in the light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer is determined by the product of the refractive index difference Δn of the birefringent light depending on the liquid crystal material and the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer. That is, Re = Δn · d. Therefore, in the polarization canceling element 10 of the present embodiment, the light having the same phase (in a specific polarization state) passes through the polarization eliminating element 10, and as a result, the light having two kinds of phase differences of Re1=Δn·d1 Re2=Δn·d2 is obtained. A single phase difference (polarization) state can be eliminated. Further, at this time, as described below, the polarization eliminating element 10 can suppress the difference in transmittance determined by the wavelength, and can suppress the change in color and transmit the light. The illustration to be used for illustration is shown in FIG. Fig. 3 is a graph showing the horizontal axis as the wavelength and the vertical axis as the transmittance. As is clear from FIG. 3, the transmittance obtained by combining the transmittance characteristics of the region of the convex portion 15a and the transmittance characteristic of the region of the concave portion 15b becomes the overall transmittance of the polarization-removing element 10. Therefore, by adjusting the transmittance characteristics of the respective regions so that the transmittance of each wavelength is fixed (for example, about 0.5), it is possible to provide an element having a transmittance characteristic that suppresses variations in transmittance determined by wavelength as a whole. Thereby, the polarization eliminating element 10 can suppress the difference in transmittance determined by the wavelength in the visible light region, and can suppress the change in color and transmit the light. That is, even when the polarization eliminating element 10 is used for an image display device, sunglasses, or the like, it is possible to suppress the color change with respect to the color of the original image and provide it to the observer. Therefore, although the change in the color of the transmitted light is a problem in the conventional polarized light eliminating element, such a problem can be solved. Similarly, in the case where the light source of the image display device has an astounding luminescence spectrum, the previous polarization eliminating element has a problem in that the transmittance of the specific color is due to the relationship between the luminescence spectrum and the wavelength transmittance characteristic of the polarization eliminating element. It becomes extremely low, and the color changes greatly if it passes through the polarized light eliminating element. In response to such a problem, according to the polarization eliminating element of the present embodiment, the color change of the light source light can be suppressed and transmitted, and the polarization state can be eliminated regardless of the type of the light source. Further, since the polarization eliminating element 10 is as thin as described above, and the liquid crystal layer 15 is configured as described above, light traveling in the oblique direction in the polarization eliminating element and light traveling in the thickness direction in the polarization eliminating element are less likely to be generated. Larger difference. Thereby, even if the light is obliquely advanced in the polarization eliminating element, it is easy to obtain a performance as desired in the polarization canceling state or color. In the prior art, light that is obliquely advanced within the element advances across other phase difference regions, and therefore, there is a case where a predetermined phase difference state or a color change is not obtained. Therefore, the problem of achieving the phase difference state and the color change of such a design with high precision can be solved by the polarization eliminating element of this embodiment. According to the polarization eliminating element 10, the liquid crystal layer has a concavo-convex shape, whereby phase difference characteristics which are completely different from the entire liquid crystal layer (liquid crystal as a material only) having no unevenness can be provided. For example, when the front phase difference is set to Re and the thickness phase difference is Rth, the Nz coefficient is represented by Nz=(Rth/Re)+0.5, but in the polarization canceling element of the present embodiment, at a wavelength of 450 nm. The Nz coefficient is N ₄₅₀ And the Nz coefficient at the wavelength of 550 nm is N ₅₅₀ Can also be set to N ₄₅₀ <N ₅₅₀ -0.1 This means that the material properties of the liquid crystal used can be reversed (refer to the following examples). As described above, in the polarization eliminating element, the phase difference can be controlled beyond the range of the material characteristics by the combination of the unevenness and the liquid crystal material forming the unevenness, and the polarization eliminating element having a high degree of freedom in design can be obtained. The polarization canceling element 10 described above can be manufactured, for example, as follows. That is, as described above, the base material 11 and the unevenness forming layer 12 can be produced by extrusion molding, shaping, photolithography, or the like. In the case of production by extrusion molding, the base material 11 and the unevenness forming layer 12 can be integrally formed. Further, in the case of manufacturing by forming, the uneven layer forming layer 12 can be formed on the substrate 11. In this case, the substrate 11 and the uneven layer 12 can be made of the same resin material. For different resin materials. The liquid crystal layer 15 is formed by coating the liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal layer 15 in the substrate 11 and the unevenness forming layer 12 which are formed in this manner, and the polarizing-removing element 10 is obtained. In the technique of using a film having a high retardation as described in Patent Document 1 as the polarizing-eliminating element of the prior art, in order to adjust the optical axis, it is necessary to extend the film in the oblique direction, which causes a deviation in the optical axis. On the other hand, according to the polarization eliminating element 10 and the above-described manufacturing method, when the alignment film is not used, the direction of the unevenness is the direction of the optical axis, and the direction of the unevenness can be easily and accurately controlled. Therefore, when the problem is to provide a polarization eliminating element that must control the optical axis, it is possible to provide a polarization eliminating element having high mass productivity and capable of performing optical axis control with high precision and a method of manufacturing the same as described above. Further, in the case where the alignment film is used, any direction determined by the polarized light exposure can be set as the optical axis. In this case, the optical axis control can be performed with high precision and with ease. Therefore, it is preferable that the optical axes coincide with each other in the respective regions of the liquid crystal layer 15 of the polarization eliminating element 10 having different thicknesses. Specifically, it is preferable that the orientation of the slow axis is uniform within a range of ±1° between the regions. FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the polarization canceling element 20 which is a second embodiment in which the polarization canceling element 10 is changed, and corresponds to FIG. 2 . In the polarization eliminating element 10 described above, the liquid crystal layer 15 is formed to have two thicknesses (d1, d2), but in the polarization eliminating element 20, three kinds of thickness d21 appear in the liquid crystal layer 25, D22, d23. In other words, the unevenness forming layer 22 includes the first convex portion 22a, the second convex portion 22b having a different height (thickness) from the first convex portion 22a, and the concave portion 22c. Therefore, a concave portion 22c is formed between the first convex portion 22a and the second convex portion 22b. Further, in response to this, the liquid crystal layer 25 includes the convex portion 25a, the first concave portion 25b, and the second concave portion 25c. The basic configuration is the same as that of the polarization canceling element 10. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4, in the liquid crystal layer 25, the region of the convex portion 25a is the thickest (thickness d21), the thickness of the region of the first concave portion 25b (thickness d22) is second, and the region of the second concave portion 25c is the most. Thin (thickness d23). According to the polarization canceling element 10 described above, since the transmitted light has three different phase differences (non-polarized states), the polarized light can be more reliably eliminated. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 corresponding to FIG. 3, the polarizing-removing element 20 as a whole can obtain substantially the same transmittance (0.5) at all wavelengths of visible light, and can greatly suppress color change due to transmission. In this modification, three kinds of thicknesses are obtained in the liquid crystal layer 25, and a convex portion and a concave portion of the liquid crystal layer can be formed in such a manner that a wider variety of thicknesses can be obtained. At this time, the arrangement of the concavities and convexities may be formed to have regularity or irregularity. Here, the irregularity means that when the ten convex portions are set to one unit, the shape of the convex portion of one unit and the shape of the convex portion of the adjacent unit are not regular. That is, it is preferable that the transmittance at any wavelength is in the range of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less in the visible light region, and the transmittance is 0.2 or more and 0.8 or less. More preferably, the transmittance at any wavelength is 0.3 or more and 0.7 or less, and most preferably 0.4 or more and 0.6 or less. The transmittance can be obtained by the polarization canceling element between the two polarizing plates (the state in which the transmission axis (or the absorption axis is parallel or orthogonal) with respect to the optical axis (the direction in which the unevenness extends in the case where the alignment film is not disposed) The transmittance at the time of insertion of the posture in which the absorption axis of the polarizing plate is inclined by 45 degrees is defined. Fig. 6 is a view for explaining the polarization canceling element 30 of the third embodiment, and corresponds to Fig. 2 . In the present embodiment, the difference is that the substrate 11 is absent with respect to the polarization eliminating element 10. The other portions are the same as the polarization eliminating element 10. According to such a polarization eliminating element 30, the element can be made thinner. The polarizing light-removing element 30 can be produced by performing a process of easily peeling off the surface of the laminated uneven layer 12 and the liquid crystal layer 15 in the substrate 11 (for example, coating of a release agent). The base material 11 is formed into a concave-convex forming layer 12 and applied to form a liquid crystal layer 15, and thereafter the base material 11 is peeled off. Fig. 7 is a view for explaining the polarization canceling element 40 of the fourth embodiment, and corresponds to Fig. 2 . In the present embodiment, the polarizing-removing element 10 is different from the substrate 11 and the uneven layer 12 . According to such a polarization eliminating element 30, the element can be made thinner than the polarization eliminating element 10. The polarizing-removing element 40 can be produced by performing a process of easily peeling off the surface of the substrate 11 and the uneven layer forming layer 12 on the side of the liquid crystal layer 15 (for example, coating of a release agent) on the substrate. 11 The concave-convex formation layer 12 is formed and applied to form the liquid crystal layer 15, and thereafter the base material 11 and the unevenness-forming layer 12 are peeled off. Alternatively, the substrate 11 and the uneven layer 12 may be peeled off from the liquid crystal layer 15 by using a liquid crystal material for the liquid crystal layer 15 as a material which is easily peeled off from the base layer 11 and the uneven layer 12; Polarization eliminating element 40. According to such a manufacturing method, even if the convex portion 15a and the concave portion 15b are portions having different thicknesses, the liquid crystal layer 15 can be smoothly peeled off to prevent breakage or wrinkles in the middle, and the so-called defective product can be reduced and the manufacturing can be realized. The improvement in yield and productivity. Therefore, the problem of producing a form such as the polarization canceling element 40 with good yield and high productivity can be solved by such a method. Fig. 8(a) is a view for explaining the polarization canceling element 50 of the fifth embodiment, and Fig. 8(b) is a view for explaining the polarization canceling element 60 of the sixth embodiment. The polarization canceling element 50 and the polarization canceling element 60 are examples in which the alignment film 51 is provided on the surface of the liquid crystal layer 15 where the unevenness is formed. In other words, the polarization canceling element 50 shown in Fig. 8(a) is an example in which the alignment film 51 is provided on the surface of the liquid crystal layer 15 of the polarization canceling element 10 where the unevenness is formed, and the polarization eliminating element 60 shown in Fig. 8(b) is used. An alignment film 51 is provided on the surface of the liquid crystal layer 15 of the polarization canceling element 40 where the unevenness is formed. Thereby, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 15 can be made into a desired posture. Further, since the optical axis can be set to an arbitrary direction by the alignment film, the optical axis control can be performed with high precision and with ease. For example, when a polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal layer, the alignment film may be used such that the direction of the slow axis of the polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal is different from the direction in which the convex portion of the liquid crystal layer extends. The specific aspect of the alignment film 51 can be applied to a known form as needed. Further, the alignment film does not necessarily need to be deposited in the form of a liquid crystal layer, and even when an alignment film is used in the production stage, the alignment film may not eventually remain. Here, the polarizing-removing element 60 can be produced by performing a process of easily peeling off the surface of the substrate 11 and the uneven layer forming layer 12 on the side of the laminated film 51 (for example, coating of a release agent). The unevenness forming layer 12 is formed on the substrate 11 to form the alignment film 51 and the liquid crystal layer 15, and thereafter the substrate 11 and the uneven layer 12 are peeled off. Moreover, since the peeling property can be improved by using the alignment film 51, peeling can be smoothly performed without special processing. Further, an additive such as a crosslinking agent or a adhesion aid may be used for the material for the alignment film 51 to facilitate the peeling. Fig. 9 is a view for explaining the polarization canceling element 70 of the seventh embodiment. The polarization eliminating element 70 is an example in which a plurality of convex portions 15a having different heights (thicknesses) (or a plurality of concave portions having different depths) are stepped in a stepwise manner in one unit of unevenness shown by p in FIG. In this form, the polarized light eliminating element of the present invention can also be used. The polarizing-removing element 10 (the polarizing-eliminating element of another embodiment is also the same) can be eliminated by, for example, a display device such as a liquid crystal display device to eliminate light caused by the light in a polarized state. As shown in FIG. 10, the display device 1 includes a display unit 2 that emits an image and a polarization canceling element 10 that is disposed on the image emission side of the display unit 2. Then, the display device 1 is manufactured by combining these and other necessary devices and housing them in a casing (not shown). The liquid crystal display device 1 is exemplified as a specific example of the display device 1. In this case, the display unit 2 is a liquid crystal display unit 2 including a liquid crystal panel having a layer containing liquid crystal as an image source and disposed on the liquid crystal display unit 2 Polarized plate on the front and back. The liquid crystal display unit 2 may be a known one, and an existing form may be used. In a typical liquid crystal display device, light emitted from the liquid crystal display device is in a specific polarization state due to the nature of the liquid crystal panel. Therefore, when the polarized sunglasses are worn to view the screen of a normal liquid crystal display device, almost no image is visible. The situation. On the other hand, when the polarization eliminating element 10 is disposed on the emission side of the liquid crystal display unit 2 to form the liquid crystal display device 1, the observer can see the image light in which the polarized state is eliminated, and thus, for example, wearing polarized sunglasses, for example. The image can also be seen in the state. In the case where the display device is a liquid crystal display device, the polarization eliminating element provided therein preferably has the following configuration. As is well known, a liquid crystal display unit 2 is provided with a layer including a liquid crystal and a polarizing plate which is located on the front and back surfaces (the light source side and the observer side) of the layer including the liquid crystal. Preparing a polarizing plate (polarizing plate a) disposed on the observer side of the polarizing plates, and further preparing another polarizing plate (polarizing plate b) having a transmission axis orthogonal to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate a, and The polarization canceling element 10 is disposed between the polarizing plate a and the polarizing plate b. At this time, the optical axis of the polarization eliminating element 10 is set to be 45 degrees with respect to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate a when viewed from the front. It is preferable that the laminated body of the polarizing plate a, the polarization canceling element 10, and the polarizing plate b is irradiated with light from the side of the polarizing plate a and is measured by a spectrophotometer on the light outgoing side, and the wavelength in the visible light region is 380 nm or more. In the range of 780 nm or less, the transmittance at any wavelength is 0.2 or more and 0.8 or less. More preferably, the transmittance at any wavelength is 0.3 or more and 0.7 or less, and most preferably 0.4 or more and 0.6 or less. Here, the case of the liquid crystal display unit will be described here, but other types of display units including a polarizing plate may be configured in the same manner. Among them, for example, an organic EL display unit can be cited. In other words, a polarizing plate (polarizing plate a) provided in the organic EL display unit is prepared, and another polarizing plate (polarizing plate b) having a transmission axis orthogonal to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate a is prepared, and the polarizing plate a is prepared. The polarization eliminating element 10 is disposed between the polarizing plate b and the polarizing plate b. At this time, the optical axis of the polarization eliminating element 10 is set to be 45 degrees with respect to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate a when viewed from the front. It is preferable that the laminated body of the polarizing plate a, the polarization canceling element 10, and the polarizing plate b is irradiated with light from the side of the polarizing plate a and is measured by a spectrophotometer on the light outgoing side, and the wavelength in the visible light region is 380 nm or more. In the range of 780 nm or less, the transmittance at any wavelength is 0.2 or more and 0.8 or less. More preferably, the transmittance at any wavelength is 0.3 or more and 0.7 or less, and most preferably 0.4 or more and 0.6 or less. Furthermore, there are pixels in such a display unit, and the pixels form a regular lattice pattern. On the other hand, when the polarization eliminating element is used, interference fringes (water ripples) may occur due to the regular pattern caused by the pixel and the regular configuration of the polarization eliminating element. Further, in the conventional polarization eliminating element, in many cases, it is difficult to change the configuration to cope with the situation and maintain the basic performance as the polarization eliminating element without generating water ripple. On the other hand, according to the polarization canceling element of the present embodiment, since the distance between the unevenness, the direction in which the unevenness is extended, the shape in the extending direction (linear shape, wave shape, etc.), and the size of the unevenness are many, the number of elements can be changed. The above effect does not produce a form of water ripple. For example, in the polarization eliminating element having a quadrangular shape (edge shape), if the direction in which the unevenness is extended has an angle other than the angle parallel and orthogonal to the side of the edge (angle greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees) When formed, it can be inclined at an angle of more than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to the regular arrangement direction of the pixels, and generation of water ripple can be suppressed, and can be efficiently performed when attaching the polarization eliminating element at the time of manufacture. Further, each of the polarization canceling elements described above has a configuration in which the convex portions and the concave portions in the unevenness forming layer have a specific cross section and extend in one direction and the irregularities are repeated in the other direction. However, the uneven layer forming layer is not limited thereto, and a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal in which a plurality of regions having different thicknesses are arranged may be formed. Therefore, it is also possible that the convex portions are regularly or irregularly dispersed in a plurality of planes and form a concave portion therebetween. Among them, for example, a so-called dot shape, an island shape, a zigzag arrangement shape, and the like can be cited. Thereby, the generation of water ripples can also be suppressed. The suppression of the generation of the water ripple can be appropriately determined in consideration of the combination of the pixel arrangement or the pixel shape of the display unit to which the polarization eliminating element is applied. Further, an example in which the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion and the concave portion of the liquid crystal layer described above is a quadrangle has been described. However, it is not limited thereto, and may be, for example, a triangle, a trapezoid, a semicircle, a semi-ellipse or the like. Further, in the case where the cross section of the convex portion and the concave portion of the liquid crystal layer is a triangle or a quadrangle, the portion having the vertex (ridge line) may be curved (radial chamfered shape). Thereby, the generation of water ripple caused by the edge can be suppressed. [Examples] (Example 1 and Comparative Example 1) Here, a polarizing-removing element was produced as Example 1, and a layered body formed of a liquid crystal layer having no irregularities was prepared as Comparative Example 1, and the two were compared. The polarization-eliminating element of the first embodiment is an example of the polarizing-eliminating element 50 (Fig. 8(a)). The substrate 11 is made of glass, and the uneven layer 12 is formed by photolithography. The liquid crystal layer 15 is formed on the unevenness forming layer 12 and the substrate 11 via the alignment film 51. The distance between the concavities and convexities of the unevenness forming layer 12 (see p in Fig. 2) is 40 μm, and the thickness includes the alignment film, and the thickness corresponding to d1 of Fig. 2 is about 2 μm, and the thickness corresponding to d2 is 1 μm. Formed on the left and right. Specifically, it is produced as follows. Since the uneven formation layer is a curable resin composition, the preparation of the copolymerization resin solution is first performed. That is, 63 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate (MMA), 12 parts by mass of acrylic acid (AA), 6 parts by mass of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether in the polymerization tank. (DMDG) 88 parts by mass was mixed and stirred to dissolve. Thereafter, 7 parts by mass of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile) was added and uniformly dissolved. Thereafter, the mixture was stirred at 85 ° C for 2 hours under a nitrogen stream, and further reacted at 100 ° C for 1 hour. Further, 7 parts by mass of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 0.4 parts by mass of triethylamine, and 0.2 parts by mass of hydroquinone were added to the obtained solution, and the mixture was stirred at 100 ° C for 5 hours to obtain a copolymerized resin solution. (solid content component 50%). Next, the following materials containing the copolymer resin solution obtained in the above manner were stirred and mixed at room temperature to prepare a curable resin composition.・Copolymerized resin solution (solid content: 50%), 16 parts by mass, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate (SR399, Sartomer Japan Co., Ltd.), 24 parts by mass, o-cresol novolak type epoxy resin (Japan Epoxy Resins Co., Ltd.) Epikote 180S70) 4 parts by mass, 2-methyl-1-(4-methylthienyl)-2-morpholinylpropan-1-one, 4 parts by mass, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 52 parts by mass, and then used The obtained curable resin composition was applied onto a substrate by a spin coater, and dried at 100 ° C for 3 minutes to obtain a coating film having a film thickness of about 1 μm. The mask is placed at a distance of 100 μm from the coating film and irradiated by an exposure device at 100 mJ/cm. ² Ultraviolet light. Then, it was immersed in a 0.05% by mass aqueous potassium hydroxide solution for 1 minute to carry out alkaline development, and only the unhardened portion was removed, and then heat-treated in an environment of 200 ° C for 30 minutes to form a desired unevenness. Floor. A polymerized rod-like liquid crystal material is applied to a liquid crystal layer, and a compound obtained by mixing the rod-like compounds of the above chemical formula (11) and chemical formula (17) at a mixing ratio of 1:1, and BASF Japan Co., Ltd. as a starter are used. Irgarac 907 and MEGAFAC (F477) manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd. were dissolved in a mixed solvent of methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone in a ratio of 1:1 to prepare a solution of 25% by mass. The alignment film was coated with a photo-alignment film (solid content: 4.5%) manufactured by JSR Co., Ltd. at a film thickness of 0.2 μm, and dried at 120 ° C for 1 minute, and then set at a desired angle by a polarizing exposure apparatus. Sample and irradiated at 30 mJ/cm ² Made by polarized ultraviolet light. On the other hand, in the laminate of Comparative Example 1, the substrate, the alignment film, and the liquid crystal of the same material as in Example 1 were used, and a liquid crystal layer having a thickness of 1 μm without unevenness was formed on the substrate via the alignment film. The polarization canceling element of the first embodiment can be emitted by applying a plurality of phase differences to the incident light as described above. On the other hand, in the laminate of Comparative Example 1, since the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is constant, it is not possible to emit a plurality of phase differences, and it does not have a function as a polarization eliminating element. Further, according to the polarization-eliminating element of the first embodiment, the liquid crystal layer has the uneven shape, whereby the phase difference characteristic of the liquid crystal layer having no uneven shape with respect to Comparative Example 1 can be completely different as a whole. Specifically, it is as follows. The front phase difference Re (nm) of each wavelength is shown in the graph in Fig. 11. The front phase difference was measured using KOBRA-WR manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd. Further, the thickness phase difference Rth (nm) was measured in the same manner, and the result calculated by Nz = (Rth/Re) + 0.5 is shown in Fig. 12 . In Fig. 12, the horizontal axis represents the wavelength (nm), and the vertical axis represents the Nz coefficient. As can be seen from Fig. 12, if the wavelength of 450 nm is observed, the Nz coefficient is N. ₄₅₀ And the Nz coefficient at the wavelength of 550 nm is N ₅₅₀ The difference was found to be 0.05 in Comparative Example 1, and 0.33 in the examples. Therefore, the polarization canceling element of the first embodiment satisfies N450 < N550-0.1 between the Nz coefficient at the wavelength of 450 nm, that is, N450 and the Nz coefficient at the wavelength of 550 nm, that is, N550. As described above, in the polarization eliminating element of this example, the combination of the unevenness and the liquid crystal material forming the unevenness can control the phase difference beyond the range of the material properties, and the polarization eliminating element having a high degree of freedom in design can be obtained. (Examples 2 to 8 and Comparative Example 2) In Examples 2 to 8, the thickness of the unevenness, the ratio of the convex portion to the concave portion, and the cross-sectional shape were changed to confirm the performance. Further, in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, the example in which the unevenness was not obtained was compared as Comparative Example 2. The materials used in each case are as described in Example 1. The form of the liquid crystal layer in each example is shown in FIGS. 13 to 16 and Table 1. Examples 2 to 4 are examples of a liquid crystal layer having one type of convex portion having the same height (thickness) and one type of concave portion having the same depth. The size of the unevenness forming layer shown in FIG. 13 was changed to set the polarization eliminating element in three examples. Example 5 is an example of a liquid crystal layer having two types of convex portions having different heights (thicknesses) and one type of concave portions having the same depth. The size of the uneven layer formed as shown in Fig. 14 was set. In the same manner as in the fifth embodiment, the sixth embodiment is an example of a liquid crystal layer having two types of convex portions having different heights (thicknesses) and one type of concave portions having the same depth. However, in this example, the curvature is formed in the corner portion outside the convex portion or the inner corner portion of the concave portion (the curved chamfered shape), and the inclined surface (the symbol A in Fig. 15) is provided in the direction in which the convex portion is formed in the thickness direction. degree). The shape is shown in Fig. 15. According to this example, the convex portion and the concave portion of the liquid crystal layer have a trapezoidal cross section, and have a curved chamfered shape at the corner portion thereof. Example 7 is an example of a liquid crystal layer having regions of different thicknesses in such a manner that the height (thickness) was gradually decreased by 0.15 μm from 1.93 μm to 0.43 μm. The dimensions in the direction in which the regions are arranged are as shown in FIG. As is apparent from Fig. 16, in this example, the liquid crystal layer was stepped. Example 8 is an example of a liquid crystal layer having one type of convex portion having the same height (thickness) and one type of concave portion having the same depth. In this example, the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion and the concave portion is a triangle. The shape is shown in Fig. 17. The laminate of Comparative Example 2 was provided with an alignment film and a liquid crystal layer having a fixed thickness of 2 μm provided on the alignment film. The elements and laminates of Examples 2 to 8 and Comparative Example 2 described above were subjected to a "tone tone reproducibility test" and a transmittance measurement at each wavelength. The details are as follows. In the tone reproducibility test, the components of the respective examples are mounted on a liquid crystal display device, and the screen of the liquid crystal display device is displayed in color, and the state in which the polarized sunglasses are worn (state 1) and the state in which the polarized sunglasses are removed are used. (State 2) The screen was observed from the front, and the reproducibility of the color of the state 1 was evaluated by visual observation. Further, the elements in each of the examples were placed on the outermost surface so that the optical axis was 45° with respect to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate on the observer side of the liquid crystal display device when viewed from the front. The color difference between the state 1 and the state 2 was scored based on the following judgment, and evaluation was performed by 20 people and the average score was calculated. 3 points: The color difference was not noticed. 2 points: There is a slight color difference, but there is no problem. 1 point: There is a color difference, but there is no problem in actual use. 0 points: The color difference is serious and there is a problem. In addition, an average score of 2.5 or more is considered to be "excellent", and an average score of 1.7 or more and less than 2.5 is regarded as "good". When the average score is 1.0 or more and less than 1.7, it is considered as "qualified". "When it is less than 1.0, it is considered "unqualified". The transmittance measurement for each wavelength is prepared for a polarizing plate of a liquid crystal display device, and further prepared to be another polarizing plate disposed so that the absorption axis is orthogonal to the polarizing plate (so-called orthogonal polarization), and the two polarizing plates are disposed. The components of each example are arranged between the polarizing plates. At this time, the elements were arranged such that the optical axis was inclined at 45° with respect to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate in plan view. Then, the laminate was irradiated with a backlight from the side of the polarizing plate, and was measured by a spectroradiometer from the other polarizing plate side. Specifically, a spectroradiometer (TOPCON Co., Ltd., SR-2) is used to measure an angle of 2° and a distance of 50 cm from the element in a wavelength range of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less for each wavelength (per 1 Nm) Determine the transmittance and obtain its maximum and minimum values. Further, in this example, the measurement using the orthogonal polarization is more easily understood, but the same effect is exerted by the measurement of the parallel polarization. The above evaluation results are shown in Table 1. [Table 1] As apparent from the above, it is found that there is no problem in tone reproducibility by providing irregularities in the liquid crystal layer. Further, the transmittance is set to 0.3 or more and 0.7 or less, and preferably 0.4 or more and 0.6 or less, whereby the color tone reproducibility is further improved. Further, in the sixth embodiment, since the corner portions of the convex portion and the concave portion have an arc, the occurrence of the water ripple caused by the edge can be suppressed to be smaller. By forming a taper as shown in A of Fig. 15, the change in transmittance of the portion is sharpened, and the variation in transmittance at each wavelength can be reduced. Moreover, even if the convex portion and the concave portion of the liquid crystal layer are not in a square or rectangular cross section as in the sixth embodiment and the eighth embodiment, the effect can be exerted. In Examples 9 to 19, the performance of the example in which the ratio of the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of Example 5 was substantially changed to the width of the unevenness was examined. The illustration to be used for explanation is shown in Fig. 18. In Examples 9 to 19, the width of the thinnest region in the liquid crystal layer was C, the width of the region having the medium thickness was B, and the width of the thickest region was A. Further, the performance of each of A and B when C is set to a ratio of 1.00 is shown by a ratio. The evaluation items and evaluation methods are the same as those of the above-described second to eighth embodiments. The shape and evaluation results are shown in Table 2. [Table 2] As can be seen from Table 2, the performance can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the width of the unevenness. In view of this, from the viewpoints of tone reproducibility and transmittance characteristics, it is preferable to set A ≦ B < C, and C - 0.4 < A + B < C + 0.4, more preferably C - 0.25 < A + B < C+0.25.

1‧‧‧ display device

2‧‧‧Display unit

10‧‧‧Polar light eliminating components

11‧‧‧Substrate

12‧‧‧ uneven layer

12a‧‧‧ convex

12b‧‧‧ recess

13‧‧ ‧ ribs

15‧‧‧Liquid layer

15a‧‧‧ convex

15b‧‧‧ recess

20‧‧‧Polar light eliminating components

22‧‧‧ uneven layer

22a‧‧‧First convex

22b‧‧‧second convex

22c‧‧‧ recess

25‧‧‧Liquid layer

25a‧‧‧ convex

25b‧‧‧First recess

25c‧‧‧second recess

30‧‧‧Polar light eliminating components

40‧‧‧Polar light eliminating components

50‧‧‧Polar light eliminating components

51‧‧‧Alignment film

60‧‧‧Polar light eliminating components

70‧‧‧Polar light eliminating components

a _o ‧‧‧Minimum thickness

a _t ‧‧‧ the part of the maximum thickness

D0‧‧‧thickness

D1, d2‧‧‧ thickness

D21, d22, d23‧‧‧ thickness

P‧‧‧ spacing

A‧‧‧Width of the thickest area

B‧‧‧Width of medium thickness area

C‧‧‧The width of the thinnest area

1(a) is a perspective view of the polarization canceling element 10, and FIG. 1(b) is an exploded perspective view of the polarization canceling element 10. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the polarization eliminating element 10. Fig. 3 is a graph for explaining the action of the polarization eliminating element 10. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the polarization eliminating element 20. Fig. 5 is a graph for explaining the action of the polarization eliminating element 20. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the polarization eliminating element 30. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the polarization eliminating element 40. 8(a) is a cross-sectional view of the polarization eliminating element 50, and FIG. 8(b) is a cross-sectional view of the polarization eliminating element 60. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the polarization eliminating element 70. FIG. 10 conceptually shows an exploded perspective view of the image forming apparatus 1. Fig. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength and the front phase difference in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. Fig. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength and the Nz coefficient in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. Fig. 13 is a view for explaining the forms of the second to fourth embodiments. Fig. 14 is a view for explaining the form of the fifth embodiment. Fig. 15 is a view for explaining the form of the sixth embodiment. Fig. 16 is a view for explaining the form of the seventh embodiment. Fig. 17 is a view for explaining the form of the eighth embodiment. Fig. 18 is a view for explaining the form of the ninth embodiment to the ninth embodiment.

Claims (19)

A polarization eliminating element that emits a plurality of phase differences to incident light and has a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystals in a plurality of regions having different thicknesses. The polarizing-removing element of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal layer has a plurality of convex portions and a concave portion formed between the adjacent convex portions on at least one surface. The polarizing-removing element of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal layer is irregularly arranged on at least one surface with a plurality of convex portions and a concave portion formed between the adjacent convex portions. The polarizing light-eliminating member according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the concave portion is provided with a concave-convex forming layer containing a transparent resin. The polarizing-removing element of claim 4, wherein the liquid crystal layer and the uneven layer are laminated on one surface of the transparent substrate. The polarizing-eliminating element according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the convex portion has a specific cross section and extends in a direction, and the convex portion extends in a direction larger than an edge of the quadrilateral shape of the polarizing eliminating element. Tilt within a range of less than 90 degrees. The polarizing light-eliminating element according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises a polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal material or a discotic liquid crystal material, and the convex portion has a specific cross section and extends in a direction, the convex portion The direction in which the portion extends is different from the direction of the late phase axis of the polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal material or the discotic liquid crystal material. The polarizing light-eliminating element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises a polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal material or a discotic liquid crystal material. The polarizing-removing element according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a difference in thickness between the thickest portion and the thinnest portion of the liquid crystal layer is 5 μm or less. The polarization canceling element according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein when the front phase difference is set to Re and the thickness phase difference is set to Rth, the Nz coefficient expressed by Nz = (Rth / Re) + 0.5, When the Nz coefficient at a wavelength of 450 nm is N ₄₅₀ and the Nz coefficient at a wavelength of 550 nm is N ₅₅₀ , N ₄₅₀ <N ₅₅₀ -0.1 is established. The polarizing light-eliminating element according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer has a birefringence at a wavelength of 450 nm of Δn ₄₅₀ and a birefringence at a wavelength of 550 nm of Δn _550. , the birefringence of a wavelength of 650 nm is set at ₆₅₀ when [Delta] n, is Δn _450> Δn _550> Δn relationship of _650. The polarization-eliminating element according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a transmittance at any wavelength in a wavelength range of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less is 0.2 or more and 0.8 or less. The polarization eliminating element according to claim 12, wherein the polarization eliminating is disposed between the two polarizing plates arranged orthogonally or in parallel with the absorption axis, such that the optical axis is inclined at 45° with respect to the absorption axis in a plan view. In the case of a device, the transmittance at any wavelength in the wavelength range of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less is 0.2 or more and 0.8 or less. The polarizing light-eliminating element according to any one of claims 1 to 13, which has a thickness of 20 μm or less. The polarizing light-eliminating element according to any one of claims 1 to 14, which has a haze value of 5% or less. A display device comprising: a display unit that emits an image; and a polarization eliminating element according to any one of claims 1 to 15, which is disposed on an image emission side of the display unit. A display device comprising: a display unit having a polarizing plate to emit an image; and a polarization eliminating element according to claim 13 disposed on an image exit side of the display unit; and the above two blocks of claim 13 One of the polarizing plates is the above-described polarizing plate provided in the above display unit. The display device of claim 16 or 17, wherein the direction in which the convex portion of the polarizing-eliminating element extends is inclined within a range of more than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to a direction in which pixels of the display unit are arranged. The display device of claims 16 to 18, which does not generate water ripples.