TW201807365A - Inverter air conditioner with electromagnetic pulse protection function and ship cabin or box formed by the same capable of providing electromagnetic pulse protection function and electromagnetic interference suppression function - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an inverter air conditioner with electromagnetic pulse protection function dedicated for the communication box, car cabin or ship cabin. In addition to that the aforementioned box and ship cabin are provided with the electromagnetic pulse protection function of a power source end and an electromagnetic interference suppression device, the indoor unit and outdoor unit of the inverter air conditioner are also respectively provided with electromagnetic pulse protection devices different from that of the power source end. Preferably, an electromagnetic isolation metal net is arranged at the position where the refrigerant pipeline passes through the cabin.

Description

Frequency conversion air-conditioner with electromagnetic pulse protection function and the formed box or cabin

A kind of air conditioner for communication electromagnetic interference suppression (EMI) cabins and cabins. The military cabin cabins are generally provided with an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) protection device for the main power source. At present, power filter protection circuits with a low cut-off frequency generally make it inoperable. This case discloses a variable-frequency air-conditioner of a high-cut-frequency electromagnetic pulse protection filter circuit and a box cabin formed by the same, which is characterized in that the box cabin has an electromagnetic pulse protection function and an electromagnetic pulse interference suppression function.

Traditional communication box cabins, including satellite communications, or information management and communication, or command vehicle communication box cabins, usually use the traditional air-conditioning, except the main power supply has a conjugate power filter device. Its cut-off frequency is usually below 30KHz.

The invention discloses an electromagnetic interference protection (EMI) for communication to prevent electromagnetic interference (IEMI) for cars and cabins. In addition to an EMP (ELECTRO-MAGNETIC PLUSE) electromagnetic pulse protection device which is generally provided with a power source, it also includes at least one The filtering device and protection device of the inverter. The filter's cut-off frequency is at least 30KHz.

New communication cabin cabins, whether it is military cabins or government department cabin cabins, Energy conservation and environmental protection are also gradually being demanded; therefore, the air-conditioning used in such a tank cabin must be changed from traditional air-conditioning to variable-frequency air-conditioning; for special purposes and safety considerations, it must also have electromagnetic protection. Because the inverter air conditioner has a set of power lines and control lines between its indoor and outdoor units, its transmission content is not a general 60Hz power supply, so it is necessary to design a special filter, usually the cut-off frequency of this filter, It cannot be used as a conjugate filter for power supply in the past (it will be filtered above 1KHz), so it will filter the frequency conversion signal in the control line of the frequency conversion air conditioner, which may cause the frequency conversion air conditioner to fail to operate normally, even if it can avoid strong operation. It is also impossible to achieve full load, and it is necessary to be different from the general redesign filter. In addition to the filtering function, an electromagnetic pulse suppression circuit with fast response (nanosecond level), high current (thousand ampere level), and wide pulse wave (level above 0.5 microseconds) is required. This circuit is different from the existing static electricity prevention (ESD) or Lightning protection circuit.

This case discloses a high-frequency cut-off frequency-converting power supply with air-wave protection (EMP) protection function to protect air-conditioning 11; and a power filter protector with a low-cut-off frequency and a high-cut-frequency frequency-conversion power supply to protect air-conditioning As shown in Figure 1. Its characteristic is that this box cabin has electromagnetic pulse protection function and electromagnetic pulse interference suppression function. At least this box cabin has two elements at the same time. One is the electromagnetic pulse protection element of the power supply, and the frequency at which the power protection element starts to filter. It must be less than 30KHz; the other is a fast-response electromagnetic pulse protection element for frequency conversion air conditioning; and its frequency conversion air conditioning has a pulse over-voltage protection function, and its starting frequency in the frequency domain is greater than 30KHz.

As shown in Figure 2, this is a basic architecture diagram of a traditional low-cut-frequency power filter. It has a filter composed of a resistor and a capacitor at the inlet end, and a three-phase conjugate coil composed of a conjugate ring body in the middle. Later, there was an output-to-ground filter capacitor. This configuration is usually a low-pass circuit, because the frequency of the power supply is 60Hz, which will filter out noise higher than 30KHz. Therefore, this kind of The design is reasonable.

As shown in Figure 3, what we want to design is a variable frequency air conditioner outdoor unit and indoor unit. Frequency signal or electromagnetic pulse absorption and filter protection circuit of variable frequency power supply, there is a unit like 31. Because of the signal in it, the frequency converter usually used now, because its switching element is silicon-based element, such as MOSFET or IGBT, so the frequency is between 100K ~ 300K, and the withstand voltage is not high. In the past two years, components such as gallium nitride (GAN) or silicon carbide (SIC) with wide energy gaps have been rapidly developed, and they are expected to go higher in the future. Operating frequency (above 100MHz). However, as shown in Figure 2, we use a traditional filter. In the first aspect, it does not have the function of absorbing electromagnetic pulses. In the second aspect, the frequency it filters is too low, which will filter the frequency conversion signal. The outdoor unit does not work.

In order to solve the foregoing problem, as shown in FIG. 4, the filter circuit used in this air conditioner is a first to change the ring-shaped conjugate coil into a simple inductor. There is no coupling relationship between wires and wires, of course, it can also be three wires It can also be a two-wire type, which is used as the actual AC frequency conversion or DC frequency conversion or other circumstances require, but the point is that its conjugate coil is changed to individual independent coils; secondly, in order to increase the absorption of electromagnetic pulses At the front end of the large instantaneous current leakage part, there must be at least one zinc oxide (MOV metal oxide) or gas discharge tube (GDT) protection element. In order to filter out relatively small residual signals at the back of the independent coil, one level can be added. The above over-voltage protection components, such as over-voltage clamp (TVS) or Zener diode (ZENER DIODE). Among them, unlike the communication filter, the coil current bearing capacity needs to be more than 3 amps, because the current is very small under the condition of the compressor is no longer loaded, but the current can reach more than 7 amps under full load, of course depending on the model However, the voltage may be as high as 240VAC. Of course, it may be possible to add low-resistance resistors before and after the inductance for consideration of impedance matching.

In addition to the general requirements, for the requirements of military specification (MIL-STD) higher specifications of pulse current injection, as shown in Figure 5, in front of the general zinc oxide protection element (MOV), a gas is also installed. Discharge tube (GDT) and other circuits.

However, the gas discharge tube has a disadvantage, that is, after the pulse invasion starts, under 110VAC or 240VAC, it may latch up and continue to conduct current to the ground. So that the system does not work. To prevent this, we can A current-limiting element 51 is set underneath. Of course, this current-limiting element can be used as a fuse with a very small resistance, or a fuse that can be recovered by itself, that is, it can be disconnected by itself and wait for the temperature to drop. Self-recovering fuse to prevent latch-up.

Similar events, such as the overvoltage clamp (TVS) or Zener diode in Figure 4 or Figure 5, may be short-circuited at high currents. To prevent this, we can set it above or below A similar current-limiting element. Of course, this current-limiting element can be used as a fuse with a very small resistance, or a fuse that can be recovered by itself, that is, it can open itself and wait for the temperature to drop. Recovered fuse to prevent short circuit.

With the aforementioned absorption protection circuit, it is installed on the seat 31 in Figure 3, so that the inverter-specific air-conditioning for the cabinet has the function of absorbing pulsed electromagnetic pulses and has the function of noise filtering. For communication-related cabinets, Or the cabin, it has the prevention and treatment effect when the malicious electromagnetic pulse attacks. Of course, because the scope disclosed in this case is limited to communication-related cabinets or cabins with variable frequency air-conditioning, refrigerant pipes with air-conditioning must enter and exit the box. In order to prevent condensation and dew, the refrigerant tube will have an insulating sleeve on it. However, when the insulating tube enters or exits the box or the cabin, the copper or aluminum refrigerant tube will be made into a parasitic antenna. Causes electromagnetic wave leakage. Therefore, it is best to add an electromagnetic shielding cotton or yarn or net, or electromagnetic shielding metal braid, or any other conductive braid on the outer layer of the refrigerant's thermal insulation sleeve. The fabric is used to further shield the electromagnetic waves or electromagnetic pulses of the car body disclosed in this case, as shown in FIG. 6.

In summary, after the aforementioned protection, such a box, compartment or cabin can achieve the effectiveness of electromagnetic shielding and electromagnetic pulse absorption, which can improve our ability to prevent hard killing during electronic operations, and make independent decisions for national defense. Definitely contribute.

11 , 31 ‧‧‧‧High frequency cut-off electromagnetic pulse absorption filter

51 ‧‧‧ current limiting element

Figure 1. A schematic diagram of a box or cabin with a low cut-off frequency power electromagnetic pulse absorption filter and a high-cut frequency variable frequency electromagnetic pulse absorption protection air conditioner.

Figure 2. A basic architecture diagram of a conventional low-cut-frequency power conjugate filter.

FIG. 3 is an electromagnetic pulse absorption filter circuit diagram of a variable frequency signal or a variable frequency power source between a variable frequency air conditioner outdoor unit and an indoor unit.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electromagnetic pulse absorption filter circuit disclosed in this case.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a better electromagnetic pulse absorption filter circuit with a lock prevention function disclosed in this case.

Figure 6. The car disclosed in this case, in which the electromagnetic wave or electromagnetic pulse shielding of the refrigerant tube is blocked.

11 ‧‧‧ Higher frequency cut-off electromagnetic pulse absorption filter

Claims (7)

A frequency conversion air conditioner with electromagnetic pulse protection function and a formed box body or cabin, wherein the box body has at least one frequency conversion air conditioner and more than one AC power supply; and the power supply has an electromagnetic pulse absorption filter circuit, and the frequency conversion The air conditioner has an electromagnetic pulse absorption filter circuit. The variable frequency air conditioner with electromagnetic pulse protection function as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application and the formed box or cabin, wherein the variable frequency air conditioner has an electromagnetic pulse absorption filter circuit composed of a non-conjugated filter element. Frequency conversion air conditioner with electromagnetic pulse protection function as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, and the formed box or cabin, wherein the frequency conversion air conditioner has an electromagnetic pulse absorption filter circuit, which has at least one metal oxidation before the filter coil. Objects or absorption elements such as gas discharge tubes. The frequency conversion air conditioner with electromagnetic pulse protection function as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application and the formed box or cabin, wherein the frequency conversion air conditioner has an electromagnetic pulse absorption filter circuit, and after the filter coil, the circuit has at least one Voltage protection components or Zener components. The variable frequency air conditioner described in item 3 of the patent application has an electromagnetic pulse absorption filter circuit, wherein the gas discharge tube or an absorption element such as a metal oxide has at least one current limiting element above or below it. The variable frequency air conditioner described in the patent application No. 4 has an electromagnetic pulse absorption filter circuit, wherein the over-voltage protection element or a Zener element has at least one current-limiting element above or below it. A variable frequency air conditioner with electromagnetic pulse protection function and a formed box body or cabin, wherein the box body has at least one or more variable frequency air conditioner, and the variable frequency air conditioner has an electromagnetic pulse absorption filtering circuit; and a refrigerant heat insulation sleeve of the variable frequency air conditioner The tube also has a layer of conductive materials such as conductive braids, nets, yarns, and cotton for electromagnetic insulation to isolate electromagnetic waves.