TW201805653A - Method, system, recording medium and computer program product for instant seismic analysis of story of building - Google Patents

Method, system, recording medium and computer program product for instant seismic analysis of story of building Download PDF

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TW201805653A
TW201805653A TW105125228A TW105125228A TW201805653A TW 201805653 A TW201805653 A TW 201805653A TW 105125228 A TW105125228 A TW 105125228A TW 105125228 A TW105125228 A TW 105125228A TW 201805653 A TW201805653 A TW 201805653A
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floor
earthquake
building
acceleration
seismic
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TWI624679B (en
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林子剛
吳昌翰
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林子剛
吳昌翰
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Abstract

A method, a system, a recording medium and a computer program product are provided to perform response prediction of a story of a building. A regression model is ready established by earthquake information of previous earthquakes. When an earthquake occurs, earthquake information of the earthquake is received and input to the regression model, and the predicted peak floor acceleration may be determined.

Description

建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法、系統、記錄媒體及電腦程式產品 Earthquake analysis method, system, recording medium and computer program product on the building floor

本發明係有關於地震分析,特別是關於一種建築物樓層之地震即時分析。 The present invention relates to seismic analysis, and more particularly to an earthquake analysis of a building floor.

台灣位於地震頻繁發生區域,於大地震當下,許多建築物可能因無法承受地震強度而有倒塌或損壞之餘慮。九二一發生當下,眾多區域皆有建物毀損之災情發生,對社會穩定及經濟發展造成重大衝擊,若能於劇烈震動未傳遞至建物時即提前預警,另建物居民進行防災避險動作,使地震災害傷亡降至最低。然而,如何推估大型建物遭受地震後之反應,一直以來都是工程師最關切的問題。然而地震為偶發性事件,歷時短(約為數十秒至幾分鐘)而形式上無常理可循且無法預測,因此準確的推估建物受震反應是非常具挑戰性的目標。 Taiwan is located in a region where earthquakes occur frequently. In the current earthquake, many buildings may have collapsed or damaged due to the inability to withstand the earthquake intensity. In the present day of September 21, many areas have damages caused by construction damage, which have a major impact on social stability and economic development. If the earthquake is not transmitted to the building, it will be early warning, and the residents of other buildings will carry out disaster prevention and avoidance actions. Earthquake disaster casualties were minimized. However, how to estimate the response of large buildings after the earthquake has always been the most concerned issue for engineers. However, earthquakes are sporadic events, which are short-lived (about tens of seconds to a few minutes) and are formally unreasonable and unpredictable. Therefore, accurate estimation of earthquake response is a very challenging target.

在現地型強震即時警報系統當中,必須先了解某位置的地震強度,才能進一步判斷是否對該地區預警,而最大地表加速度(Peak Ground Acceleration)對地震強度而言是一個具代表性的重要參數。在區分地震強度的大小之前,需要先藉由地震初達波特徵參數來估算最大地表加速 度,其參數有:三個尖峰觀測量、有效主控週期(Effective Predominant Period),以及其他積分值,包括速度平方之積分量(Integral of Squared Velocity)與累積絕對速度(Cumulative Absolute Velocity)等。 In the local earthquake strong earthquake alarm system, it is necessary to first understand the earthquake intensity at a certain location to further determine whether the area is early warning, and the Peak Ground Acceleration is a representative and important parameter for the earthquake intensity. Before distinguishing the magnitude of the earthquake intensity, it is necessary to estimate the maximum surface acceleration by using the seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters. Degree, its parameters are: three peak observations, Effective Predominant Period, and other integral values, including Integral of Squared Velocity and Cumulative Absolute Velocity.

然而,目前所有的強震即時預警系統皆為預測「地面」上一測站之最大加速度,實際上,建築物較高樓層之最大加速度與最大地表加速度之間的大小並非相差不多,反之,建築物較高樓層之最大加速度一般應較最大地表加速度為大,也較為危險,對於高樓林立的台灣來說,單單預測最大地表加速度似乎無法完全符合人們的需求。 However, all current strong earthquake early warning systems are used to predict the maximum acceleration of a station on the "ground". In fact, the maximum acceleration between the upper floors of the building and the maximum surface acceleration is not the same. The maximum acceleration of the upper floors should generally be larger and more dangerous than the maximum surface acceleration. For Taiwan with high buildings, it is not possible to fully predict the maximum surface acceleration.

專利公告號I467212中,亦提供一種計算最大樓層加速度的方法,其地震即時分析系統及其方法與儲存媒體,係依需求為特定建物建置結構動力模型,並以中央氣象局等機構之歷年地震量測資料作為輸入因子,即時推算該次地震波之結構形變。另外,於接受一地震之初達波的地震特性參數後,需根據地震之震源位置與震源距離,在多個樓層回歸公式中選擇其中之一,可算出特定樓層之放大參數,並可計算特定樓層之預測地震數據。 Patent No. I467212 also provides a method for calculating the maximum floor acceleration. The earthquake real-time analysis system and its method and storage medium are constructed according to the requirements for the specific building dynamic model, and the earthquakes of the Central Meteorological Bureau and other institutions. The measurement data is used as an input factor to immediately calculate the structural deformation of the seismic wave. In addition, after accepting the seismic characteristic parameters of the first wave of the earthquake, it is necessary to select one of the multiple floor regression formulas according to the earthquake source location and the source distance, and calculate the amplification parameters of the specific floor, and calculate the specific Predicted seismic data for floors.

本發明與上述專利相比之下較為簡易快速,一則是無需特地建置特定建物之結構動力模型;另一則是無需判斷地震之震源位置與震源距離,即可計算特定樓層之預測數據。然而,儘管省略這兩項判斷的依據,本發明之實施例中仍然有相當準確的預測結果。 Compared with the above patents, the invention is relatively simple and fast, and the other is that the structural dynamic model of the specific building is not required to be specially constructed; the other is that the prediction data of the specific floor can be calculated without judging the source position and the source distance of the earthquake. However, despite the basis for omitting these two judgments, there are still fairly accurate prediction results in the embodiments of the present invention.

有鑑於先前技術的限制,於本發明提供一種建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法,預先透過一電腦系統建構一回歸模型,以預估出一新的地 震發生時,一特定建築物之一特定樓層的最大樓層加速度,該方法包含:預先取得複數個先前地震之地震資訊,該地震資訊包含:複數個地震初達波特徵參數、複數個建築物之結構物週期以及各樓層之高度;預先取得該複數個先前地震時,該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度;預先透過該電腦系統將該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度與該複數個先前地震之地震資訊建構出該回歸模型;當該新的地震發生時,於一特定時間內偵測該新的地震之地震資訊,並將該新的地震之地震資訊代入該電腦系統所建構之該回歸模型,以預估出該特定建築物之該特定樓層的最大樓層加速度。 In view of the limitations of the prior art, the present invention provides an earthquake real-time analysis method for a building floor, and constructs a regression model through a computer system in advance to estimate a new land. The maximum floor acceleration of a particular floor of a particular building when the earthquake occurs, the method comprising: obtaining seismic information of a plurality of previous earthquakes in advance, the seismic information comprising: a plurality of seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters, and a plurality of buildings a structural period and a height of each floor; a maximum floor acceleration of each of the plurality of buildings when the plurality of previous earthquakes are obtained in advance; and a maximum floor acceleration of each of the plurality of buildings in advance through the computer system The regression information of the plurality of previous earthquakes constructs the regression model; when the new earthquake occurs, the seismic information of the new earthquake is detected within a specific time, and the seismic information of the new earthquake is substituted into the computer system. The regression model is constructed to estimate the maximum floor acceleration for that particular floor of the particular building.

其中預先透過該電腦系統將該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度與該複數個先前地震之地震資訊建構出該回歸模型的方法為支持向量回歸機,其係將該複數個先前地震之地震資訊及該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度符合下列方程式: 其中,中f(x)為該新的地震發生時,該特定建築物之該特定樓層的最大樓層加速度,x1至xj為複數個向量,x為一特定向量,α 1α jβ 1β j及b為根據支持向量回歸、該複數個向量及該複數個向量所對應之該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度推得之常數,以及函數k為對應於一高維度特徵空間之一核函數。 The method for constructing the regression model by using the computer system to reconstruct the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings and the seismic information of the plurality of previous earthquakes is a support vector regression machine, which is the plurality of previous earthquakes The seismic information and the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings conform to the following equation: Where f ( x ) is the maximum floor acceleration of the particular floor of the particular building when the new earthquake occurs, x 1 to x j are a plurality of vectors, x is a specific vector, α 1 to α j , β 1 to β j and b are constants derived from the support vector regression, the complex vector and the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings corresponding to the plurality of vectors, and the function k corresponds to a high One of the dimension feature spaces is a kernel function.

其中該核函數如下:k(x i ,x j )=exp(-∥x i -x j ||/2σ 2),其中σ為一常數。 Wherein the kernel function is as follows: k ( x i , x j )=exp(-∥ x i - x j ||/2 σ 2 ), where σ is a constant.

其中α 1α jβ 1β j係根據求解一二次規劃(quadratic programming)問題而得,該二次規劃問題如下: 受限於 其中y1至ym為該複數個向量所對應之該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度,以及ε、C為常數。 Where α 1 to α j , β 1 to β j are obtained according to solving a quadratic programming problem, which is as follows: limited by Where y 1 to y m are the maximum floor accelerations of the floors of the plurality of buildings corresponding to the plurality of vectors, and ε and C are constants.

其中該二次規劃問題係經由一目標函數並導入拉格郎奇乘算子(Lagrange multipliers)而得,該目標函數如下: 受限於 其中w為該高維度特徵空間中之一向量,ζ i 及b為該目標函數之變數。 The quadratic programming problem is obtained by introducing an objective function and introducing Lagrange multipliers, the objective function is as follows: limited by Where w is one of the vectors in the high dimensional feature space, ζ i , And b is the variable of the objective function.

其中該複數個向量中之每一向量對應之該地震資訊係為該複數個地震初達波特徵參數、該複數個建築物之結構物週期以及各樓層之高度之特徵數值。 The seismic information corresponding to each of the plurality of vectors is a characteristic value of the plurality of seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters, a structural period of the plurality of buildings, and a height of each floor.

其中該特定向量係根據該新的地震資訊組成。 The specific vector is composed of the new seismic information.

其中該複數個地震初達波特徵參數包括加速度絕對值極值(Pa)、速度絕對值極值(Pv)、位移絕對值極值(Pd)、有效主控週期、速度平方之積分量,以及累積絕對速度。 The plurality of seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters include an absolute value of the absolute value of the acceleration (P a ), an absolute value of the absolute value of the velocity (P v ), an extreme value of the absolute value of the displacement (P d ), an integral period of the effective master, and an integral of the square of the velocity. Quantity, as well as cumulative absolute speed.

本發明另提供一種內儲程式之電腦可讀取記錄媒體,當電腦載入該程式並執行後,可完成前述方法。 The invention further provides a computer readable recording medium with a built-in program, which can be completed when the computer loads the program and executes it.

發明另提供一種內儲用於建築物樓層之地震即時分析之電腦程式產品,當電腦載入該電腦程式並執行後,可完成前述方法。 The invention further provides a computer program product for storing real-time analysis of earthquakes on a building floor, which can be completed when the computer is loaded into the computer program and executed.

本發明另提供一種建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統,預先透過一電腦系統建構一回歸模型,以預估出一新的地震發生時,一特定建築物之一特定樓層的最大樓層加速度,該系統包含:一儲存單元,用以儲存該回歸模型,該回歸模型之建構方式如下:取得複數個先前地震之地震資訊,該地震資訊包含:複數個地震初達波特徵參數、複數個建築物之結構物週期以及各樓層之高度;取得該複數個先前地震時,該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度;將該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度與該複數個先前地震之地震資訊建構出該回歸模型;一傳輸單元,用以接收當該新的地震發生時,於一特定時間內偵測該新的地震之地震資訊;以及一運算處理單元,電性連接該儲存單元與該傳輸單元,接收傳輸單元所傳輸之該新的地震之地震資訊,並將該新的地震之地震資訊代入該回歸模型,以預估出該特定建築物之該特定樓層的最大樓層加速度。 The invention further provides an earthquake real-time analysis system for building floors, which constructs a regression model in advance through a computer system to estimate the maximum floor acceleration of a particular floor of a particular building when a new earthquake occurs, the system The utility model comprises: a storage unit for storing the regression model, wherein the regression model is constructed as follows: obtaining seismic information of a plurality of previous earthquakes, the seismic information comprising: a plurality of seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters, a structure of a plurality of buildings a period of the object and the height of each floor; the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings when the plurality of previous earthquakes are obtained; the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings and the earthquake of the plurality of previous earthquakes The information constructs the regression model; a transmission unit is configured to receive seismic information for detecting the new earthquake within a specific time when the new earthquake occurs; and an operation processing unit electrically connecting the storage unit with The transmission unit receives the seismic information of the new earthquake transmitted by the transmission unit, and the new Shock of the earthquake information is substituted into the regression model to estimate the maximum floor acceleration of the specific floor of this particular building.

其中將該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度與該複數個先前地震之地震資訊建構出該回歸模型的方法為支持向量回歸機,其係 將該複數個先前地震之地震資訊及該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度符合下列方程式: 其中,中f(x)為該新的地震發生時,該特定建築物之該特定樓層的最大樓層加速度,x1至xj為複數個向量,x為一特定向量,α 1α jβ 1β j及b為根據支持向量回歸、該複數個向量及該複數個向量所對應之該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度推得之常數,以及函數k為對應於一高維度特徵空間之一核函數。 The method for constructing the regression model by the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings and the seismic information of the plurality of previous earthquakes is a support vector regression machine, which is the seismic information of the plurality of previous earthquakes and the complex number The maximum floor acceleration of each floor of a building conforms to the following equation: Where f ( x ) is the maximum floor acceleration of the particular floor of the particular building when the new earthquake occurs, x 1 to x j are a plurality of vectors, x is a specific vector, α 1 to α j , β 1 to β j and b are constants derived from the support vector regression, the complex vector and the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings corresponding to the plurality of vectors, and the function k corresponds to a high One of the dimension feature spaces is a kernel function.

其中該核函數如下:k(x i ,x j )=exp(-∥x i -x j ||/2σ 2),其中σ為一常數。 Wherein the kernel function is as follows: k ( x i , x j )=exp(-∥ x i - x j ||/2 σ 2 ), where σ is a constant.

其中α 1α jβ 1β j係根據求解一二次規劃(quadratic programming)問題而得,該二次規劃問題如下: 受限於 其中y1至ym為該複數個向量所對應之該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度,以及ε、C為常數。 Where α 1 to α j , β 1 to β j are obtained according to solving a quadratic programming problem, which is as follows: limited by Where y 1 to y m are the maximum floor accelerations of the floors of the plurality of buildings corresponding to the plurality of vectors, and ε and C are constants.

其中該二次規劃問題係經由一目標函數並導入拉格郎奇乘算子(Lagrange multipliers)而得,該目標函數如下: 受限於 其中w為該高維度特徵空間中之一向量,ξ i 及b為該目標函數之變數。 The quadratic programming problem is obtained by introducing an objective function and introducing Lagrange multipliers, the objective function is as follows: limited by Where w is one of the vectors in the high dimensional feature space, ξ i , And b is the variable of the objective function.

其中該複數個向量中之每一向量對應之該地震資訊係為該複數個地震初達波特徵參數、該複數個建築物之結構物週期以及各樓層之高度之特徵數值。 The seismic information corresponding to each of the plurality of vectors is a characteristic value of the plurality of seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters, a structural period of the plurality of buildings, and a height of each floor.

其中該特定向量係根據該新的地震資訊組成。 The specific vector is composed of the new seismic information.

其中該複數個地震初達波特徵參數包括加速度絕對值極值(Pa)、速度絕對值極值(Pv)、位移絕對值極值(Pd)、有效主控週期、速度平方之積分量,以及累積絕對速度。 The plurality of seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters include an absolute value of the absolute value of the acceleration (P a ), an absolute value of the absolute value of the velocity (P v ), an extreme value of the absolute value of the displacement (P d ), an integral period of the effective master, and an integral of the square of the velocity. Quantity, as well as cumulative absolute speed.

S10~S40‧‧‧本發明一實施例中建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法之步驟 S10~S40‧‧‧ steps of an instant seismic analysis method for a building floor in an embodiment of the present invention

600‧‧‧建築物樓層之地震及時分析系統 600‧‧‧ Earthquake Time Analysis System for Building Floors

610‧‧‧運算處理單元 610‧‧‧Operation Processing Unit

620‧‧‧儲存單元 620‧‧‧ storage unit

630‧‧‧傳輸單元 630‧‧‧Transmission unit

第1圖係本發明一實施例中建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法之流程示意圖;第2圖係本發明一實施例中建築物與量測站之名稱與分佈位置圖;第3A圖係本發明一實施例中樣本資料作為訓練模型之回歸結果;第3B圖係本發明一實施例中測試樣本資料代入訓練模型所得之回歸結果;第4A圖係本發明一實施例測試樣本資料中之地震事件一之最大樓層加速度與震度之比較 1 is a schematic flow chart of an earthquake analysis method for a building floor in an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the name and distribution position of a building and a measuring station in an embodiment of the present invention; In the embodiment of the invention, the sample data is used as a regression result of the training model; FIG. 3B is a regression result obtained by substituting the test sample data into the training model in an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 4A is an earthquake in the test sample data according to an embodiment of the present invention; Comparison of the maximum floor acceleration and earthquake of event one

第4B圖係本發明一實施例測試樣本資料中之地震事件二之最大樓層加速度與震度之比較 FIG. 4B is a comparison of the maximum floor acceleration and the earthquake degree of the seismic event 2 in the test sample data according to an embodiment of the present invention.

第4C圖係本發明一實施例測試樣本資料中之地震事件三之最大樓層加速度與震度之比較 Figure 4C is a comparison of the maximum floor acceleration and the earthquake of the seismic event 3 in the test sample data according to an embodiment of the present invention.

第5圖係本發明另一實施例中建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統之系統方塊圖。 Figure 5 is a system block diagram of an earthquake real-time analysis system for a building floor in another embodiment of the present invention.

本發明有關於建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統及其方法與儲存媒體。以下各實施例中所揭露之方法雖然以流程圖之步驟進行說明,但各動作間並不限於流程圖所示步驟之特定順序。 The invention relates to an earthquake real-time analysis system for a building floor, a method thereof and a storage medium. The methods disclosed in the following embodiments are described by the steps of the flowcharts, but the operations are not limited to the specific order of the steps shown in the flowcharts.

請參考第1圖,係本發明一實施例中建築物樓層之預估最大樓層加速度之分析流程示意圖。並請合併參考第2圖,為本發明實施例中建 築物與量測站之名稱與分佈位置圖,各測站的確切位置如表一所示。 Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of an analysis process of estimating the maximum floor acceleration of a building floor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 2 in combination, which is built in the embodiment of the present invention. The name and distribution location of the building and measurement station. The exact location of each station is shown in Table 1.

步驟S10:預先取得該複數個先前地震時,該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度。 Step S10: The maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings when the plurality of previous earthquakes are obtained in advance.

本發明選取了中央氣象局結構物強震監測系統地震資料中地震 規模(ML)為6.0以上的60次地震事件,共788筆地震資料。依據最大樓層加速度的意義,先擷取各個頻道地震歷時當中最大的加速度值,再將強震儀相同樓層高度之頻道相互比較大小,得到該樓層之實際的最大樓層加速度。其中,部分測站地面上並沒有裝設垂直向之強震儀,或者建築物立面圖未標示清楚等其他因素,使得相關的地震資訊無法全數得知。故本研究逐一過濾後將有問題的地震歷史資料去除,所得到之地震事件經換算後共3031筆樣本資料,各建築物測站樣本資料之詳細資訊如表二所示。 The invention selects 60 earthquake events with a seismic scale (M L ) of 6.0 or more in the seismic data of the structural strong earthquake monitoring system of the Central Meteorological Administration, and a total of 788 seismic data. According to the meaning of the maximum floor acceleration, the maximum acceleration value of each channel's seismic duration is first taken, and then the channels of the same floor height of the strong earthquake are compared with each other to obtain the actual maximum floor acceleration of the floor. Among them, some stations have no vertical strong earthquake detectors on the ground, or other factors such as unclear elevation of the building's elevation map, so that the relevant seismic information cannot be fully known. Therefore, this study filtered one by one to remove the problematic seismic history data. The obtained earthquake events were converted into a total of 3031 sample data. The detailed information of the sample data of each building station is shown in Table 2.

步驟S20:預先取得複數個先前地震之地震資訊,該地震資訊包含:複數個地震初達波特徵參數、複數個建築物之結構物週期以及各樓層之高度。 Step S20: Acquire seismic information of a plurality of previous earthquakes in advance, the seismic information includes: a plurality of seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters, a structural period of the plurality of buildings, and a height of each floor.

先前地震之複數個地震初達波特徵參數可由地面上垂直方向的地震歷史資料求得,該地震初達波特徵參數包括:最大加速度(Pa)、最大速度(Pv)、最大位移(Pd)、有效卓越週期(Tc)、速度平方之積分(IV2)以及累積絕對速度(CAV)。 The characteristic parameters of the multiple earthquakes of the previous earthquake can be obtained from the seismic history data in the vertical direction on the ground. The characteristics of the initial wave characteristics of the earthquake include: maximum acceleration (P a ), maximum velocity (P v ), maximum displacement (P d ), effective period of excellence (Tc), integral of speed squared (IV2), and cumulative absolute speed (CAV).

從P波由震央抵達目的地起算,令觀測經過的時間為tp秒,本發明觀測時間為3秒。最大加速度、最大速度與最大位移即在觀測時間內當中取最大的數值,有效卓越週期、速度平方之積分以及累積絕對速度則用下列公式計算出: From the time when the P wave arrives at the destination from the epicenter, the elapsed time is t p seconds, and the observation time of the present invention is 3 seconds. The maximum acceleration, maximum speed and maximum displacement are the maximum values taken during the observation time. The effective period of excellence, the integral of the square of the speed, and the cumulative absolute speed are calculated by the following formula:

其中,u(t)是垂直向的位移、是垂直向的速度、ü(t)是垂直向的加速度。 Where u(t) is the displacement in the vertical direction, It is the vertical velocity and ü(t) is the vertical acceleration.

樓層高度與結構物週期這兩項相關參數,本發明逐一查看每個測站各強震儀所在的樓層高度,並依據建築物最大樓層數除以十作為結構物週期,因此每個建築物測站在一次地震事件中,都會得到一組6個地震初達波特徵參數與結構物周期、數組樓層高度以及實際之最大樓層加速度。 According to the two related parameters of floor height and structure period, the present invention looks at the floor height of each strong station of each station one by one, and divides by ten as the structure period according to the maximum number of floors of the building, so each building station In an earthquake event, a set of six seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters and structure period, array floor height and actual maximum floor acceleration are obtained.

步驟S30:預先透過該電腦系統將該最大樓層加速度與該複數個地震資訊建構出該回歸模型。 Step S30: The maximum floor acceleration and the plurality of seismic information are constructed by the computer system in advance to construct the regression model.

本研究使用中央氣象局結構物強震監測系統中2274筆樣本資料作為代表地震資料,用來訓練支持向量法之回歸模型。支持向量回歸模型的建立是利用6種地震初達波特徵參數、樓層高度與結構物周期這8種地震資訊所構成,並使用「支持向量回歸法」尋找這8個獨立參數與最大樓層加速度之間的關係,其中樓層高度與建築物周期對一個建築物來說是固定不變的,故在地震發生前即可得知其值的大小。 This study used 2274 sample data from the Central Meteorological Bureau structural strong earthquake monitoring system as representative seismic data to train the regression model of the support vector method. The support vector regression model is constructed by using eight seismic information such as the characteristics of the primary wave characteristics of the earthquake, the floor height and the structural period, and uses the "support vector regression method" to find the eight independent parameters and the maximum floor acceleration. The relationship between the floor height and the building cycle is fixed for a building, so the value of the value can be known before the earthquake occurs.

支持向量回歸法的主要概念為:「利用一非線性的投射函數將原始的資料空間投影至一較高維度之特徵空間,在該特徵空間內即能較容易地利用超平面準確地預測資料。」因此,本研究擬藉由支持向量回歸法所建構之模型來預測地震發生時建築物的最大樓層加速度。 The main concept of the support vector regression method is: "Using a nonlinear projection function to project the original data space to a higher-dimensional feature space, in which it is easier to accurately predict the data using the hyperplane. Therefore, this study intends to predict the maximum floor acceleration of a building when an earthquake occurs by a model constructed by support vector regression.

若有一試驗資料(x,y) Rx表示輸入的資料,每筆輸入資料可以是多個彼此獨立關係之參數,y則代表整個試驗資料所對應的真值,若一組x值的大小能直接或間接地影響y值,即可運用支援回歸向量法尋找兩者之間的關係運算式。首先令該回歸函數為: If there is a test data ( x , y ) R , x represents the input data, each input data can be a plurality of parameters independent of each other, and y represents the true value corresponding to the entire test data. If a set of x values can directly or indirectly affect the y value, The regression vector method can be used to find the relational expression between the two. First let the regression function be:

上式中,w為回歸向量係數,代表於H空間中一超平面之方向,b為偏移量,代表此平面與圓點之距離。 In the above formula, w is the regression vector coefficient, which represents the direction of a hyperplane in H space, and b is the offset, representing the distance between this plane and the dot.

若對每個x i 而言,f(x i )和y i 之間的誤差很小,並位於誤差容限ε內,即代表f(x)能藉由x準確地預測到y。但在大多數的應用當中,因為有雜訊、誤差等各種因素,通常輸入的資料點往往不容易恰好落在正確的區域。因此,為了讓支援回歸向量機擁有更佳的解釋能力,對於最佳化不利的點,即ε-insensitive以外的點,需要加入額外的項ξ i ,以容許某些場合落在ε之外。 For each x i , the error between f ( x i ) and y i is small and lies within the error tolerance ε , which means that f ( x ) can accurately predict y by x . However, in most applications, because of various factors such as noise and error, the input data points are often not easily placed in the correct area. Therefore, in order to support the regression vector machine with better interpretation ability, for the point that is not favorable for optimization, that is, points other than ε -insensitive, additional items ξ i , To allow certain occasions to fall outside of ε .

上式中,ξ i 為資料點落於容忍誤差區間之誤差值,可決定是否允許預測值與目標值差距大於ε,若誤差小於ε,則該值為零。 In the above formula, ξ i , For the error value of the data point falling within the tolerance error interval, it may be determined whether the difference between the predicted value and the target value is allowed to be greater than ε , and if the error is less than ε , the value is zero.

而由convex optimization problem修正後的SVR目標函數(v-support vector regression)與限制式如下: The v-support vector regression and the restricted form corrected by the convex optimization problem are as follows:

受限於 limited by

上式中,m為試驗樣本的數量,C為在模型複雜度與允許資料 錯誤容忍度中做較佳取捨的參數,εv為由係數v控制的鬆弛變數(slack variables)。 In the above formula, m is the number of test samples, C is the parameter that makes better choices in model complexity and allowable data error tolerance, and εv is the slack variables controlled by the coefficient v .

為了解出該式,引入拉格朗日乘子法(Lagrange multiplier method),設定拉格朗日乘數α i β i ,得到其對偶問題,並使用二次規劃演算法(standard quadratic programming algorithm)求出拉格朗日乘數: In order to understand the formula, the Lagrange multiplier method is introduced, and the Lagrangian multipliers α i and β i are set to obtain the dual problem, and a quadratic programming algorithm is used. ) Find the Lagrangian multiplier:

受限於 limited by

上式中,y1至ym為該複數個向量所對應之目標函數、ε以及C為常數。k(x i ,x j )為kernel function,在此處使用之核函數為幅狀基底函數,如下式: In the above formula, y 1 to y m are objective functions corresponding to the plurality of vectors, and ε and C are constants. k ( x i , x j ) is the kernel function, and the kernel function used here is the swath base function, as follows:

求出拉格朗日乘數後,利用Karush-Kuhn-Tucker complementarity conditions(KKT)便可以解得wb,因此其決策函數為: After the Lagrangian multiplier is obtained, the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker complementarity conditions (KKT) can be used to solve for w and b . Therefore, the decision function is:

上式中,j為support vector的個數。 In the above formula, j is the number of support vectors.

訓練每一種參數組合模型時,必須給定成本參數C與核函數所需的σ值,並找到能夠使此模型達到最佳訓練結果的C值與σ值,此訓練模型即為最佳模型。故本發明在訓練模型時,使用大範圍的格點式搜尋法(grid search)來決定最佳的Cσ值,σ值的常用範圍為2-1~2-12,而C值的常用範圍為25~215,在界定之範圍內經過比較後,最終模型之方均根誤差最小時所對應的Cσ值即為最佳參數。由於σ值越小將需要越多的運算時間,故本研究以分段尋找的方式來求取最佳的參數,先從σ值為2-12~2-6找起,如最佳解落於給定範圍的邊界,例如σ best =2-6,則再改變σ值的範圍為2-6~2-1,以更有效率地求取最佳參數。 When training each parameter combination model, it is necessary to give the cost parameter C and the σ value required by the kernel function, and find the C value and σ value that can make the model achieve the best training result. This training model is the best model. Therefore, in the training of the model, the invention uses a large range of grid search to determine the optimal C and σ values. The common range of σ values is 2 -1 ~ 2 -12 , and the C value is commonly used. The range is 2 5 ~ 2 15 . After comparison within the defined range, the C and σ values corresponding to the square root error of the final model are the best parameters. Since the smaller the σ value, the more computation time is required. Therefore, this study uses the method of segmentation to find the best parameters. First, find the σ value from 2 -12 ~ 2 -6 , such as the best solution. For a given range of bounds, such as σ best = 2 -6 , then change the σ value to a range of 2 -6 ~ 2 -1 to more efficiently find the best parameters.

步驟S40:當該新的地震即將抵達時,將該新的地震之複數個地震資訊代入該電腦系統所建構之該回歸模型,以預估出該特定樓層的最大樓層加速度。 Step S40: When the new earthquake is about to arrive, the plurality of seismic information of the new earthquake is substituted into the regression model constructed by the computer system to estimate the maximum floor acceleration of the specific floor.

將一地震之初達波的地震特性參數與結構物相關參數代入支持向量回歸模型,即能算出特定樓層之最大樓層加速度。 Substituting the seismic characteristic parameters and the structure-related parameters of the first wave of an earthquake into the support vector regression model, the maximum floor acceleration of a particular floor can be calculated.

本發明之實例中,將2274筆樣本資料作為支持向量回歸法之訓練模型,並將757筆樣本資料代入此訓練模型,以求得最大樓層加速度之預測值。為檢視其模型之回歸優劣,本發明以中央氣象局之地震震度分級為標準,其詳細之分類標準如表三所示。若最大樓層加速度之預測值所對應之震度與最大樓層加速度之實際值之地震震度相差介於正負一級之間,則判斷此筆資料訓練成果為佳。 In the example of the present invention, 2274 sample materials are used as the training model of the support vector regression method, and 757 sample data are substituted into the training model to obtain the predicted value of the maximum floor acceleration. In order to examine the regression of the model, the present invention uses the seismic intensity classification of the Central Meteorological Administration as the standard, and the detailed classification criteria are shown in Table 3. If the earthquake intensity corresponding to the predicted value of the maximum floor acceleration and the actual value of the maximum floor acceleration are between the positive and negative levels, it is judged that the data training result is better.

請參考第3A圖,為本發明一實施例中2274筆樣本資料作為訓練模型之回歸結果,其中透過格點式搜尋法求得之最佳成本參數C值為4096、最佳之σ值為0.0156,回歸之平方相關係數(Squared correlation coefficient)為0.89813;第3B圖為757筆測試樣本資料代入訓練模型所得之回歸結果,其中回歸之平方相關係數為0.319626,最大樓層加速度之預測值與最大樓層加速度之實際值的比較,其震度分級介於正負一級之準確率達95.51%。 Please refer to FIG. 3A, which is a regression result of 2274 sample data as a training model according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the optimal cost parameter C obtained by the lattice search method is 4096, and the optimal σ value is 0.0156. The squared correlation coefficient of the regression is 0.89813; the 3B is the regression result obtained by substituting 757 test sample data into the training model, wherein the square correlation coefficient of the regression is 0.319626, the predicted value of the maximum floor acceleration and the maximum floor acceleration The comparison of the actual values, the accuracy of the seismic grading between the positive and negative levels is 95.51%.

為了檢視本發明的實用性,本發明隨機選擇三個地震事件,詳細地震事件資訊如表四所示,將每個地震事件之歷史地震資料代入支持向量回歸模型中,並對預測結果與實際結果進行探討。圖4A、4B、4C為 三個地震事件中的地震特性參數與建築物特性參數代入支持向量回歸模型後,所得之預測地震數據,與實際的受震情形之比較,包括最大樓層加速度與對應之震度。由三個比較圖可得知,除了第一個地震事件、高度為20.95米之預估值小於實際值之外,其他之預估最大樓層加速度皆大於實際值,且每個事件之震度預測值皆與實際震度相等或者大一個震度,因此,可以推判本發明的方法是保守而精準的。 In order to examine the practicability of the present invention, the present invention randomly selects three seismic events. The detailed seismic event information is shown in Table 4. The historical seismic data of each seismic event is substituted into the support vector regression model, and the prediction results and actual results are obtained. Discuss it. 4A, 4B, 4C are After the seismic characteristic parameters and the building characteristic parameters of the three seismic events are substituted into the support vector regression model, the predicted seismic data obtained is compared with the actual earthquake-stimulated situation, including the maximum floor acceleration and the corresponding seismicity. It can be seen from the three comparison graphs that except for the first earthquake event, the estimated value of the height of 20.95 meters is smaller than the actual value, the other estimated maximum floor accelerations are greater than the actual value, and the earthquake prediction value of each event. Both are equal to the actual earthquake or a large one. Therefore, it can be inferred that the method of the present invention is conservative and precise.

請參考第5圖,為本發明一實施例中建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統之系統架構方塊圖。建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統600基本上可為任何型態之電腦系統,只要能順利執行前述實施例所述各種建築物之地震即時分析方法。建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統600主要包含運算處理單元610、儲存單元620與傳輸單元630。 Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a block diagram of a system architecture of an earthquake real-time analysis system for a building floor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The seismic real-time analysis system 600 of the building floor can basically be any type of computer system as long as the seismic real-time analysis method of various buildings described in the foregoing embodiments can be smoothly performed. The earthquake real-time analysis system 600 of the building floor mainly includes an operation processing unit 610, a storage unit 620, and a transmission unit 630.

儲存單元620用以儲存數位資料,廣義上可包括供運算處理單元610工作時使用之系統記憶體、內建揮發性或非揮發性記憶裝置、甚至與系統600連線而能存取之網路儲存裝置皆屬之;儲存單元620用以儲存前述步驟S30所建構之回歸模型。 The storage unit 620 is configured to store digital data, and may include a system memory used by the operation processing unit 610 in a broad sense, a built-in volatile or non-volatile memory device, or even a network that can be accessed by connecting with the system 600. The storage unit 620 is configured to store the regression model constructed in the foregoing step S30.

傳輸單元630可為任意規格之有線或無線網路傳輸裝置,只要能使系統600與量測站之分析系統連線傳輸資料,接收量測站偵測新的地 震之地震資訊。 The transmission unit 630 can be any wired or wireless network transmission device, as long as the system 600 can be connected to the analysis system of the measurement station to transmit data, and the receiving measurement station detects the new ground. Earthquake information.

運算處理單元610電性連接儲存單元620與傳輸單元630,其可接收傳輸單元630所傳輸之新的地震之地震資訊,並將該新的地震之地震資訊代入儲存單元620所儲存之回歸模型,以運算預估出特定建築物之特定樓層的最大樓層加速度;運算處理單元610可由中央處理單元(CPU)、微處理器、積體電路或晶片所實現。 The operation processing unit 610 is electrically connected to the storage unit 620 and the transmission unit 630, and can receive the seismic information of the new earthquake transmitted by the transmission unit 630, and substitute the seismic information of the new earthquake into the regression model stored in the storage unit 620. The maximum floor acceleration of a particular floor of a particular building is estimated by an operation; the arithmetic processing unit 610 can be implemented by a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an integrated circuit, or a wafer.

為達到地震預警之效果,當預估出特定建築物之特定樓層的最大樓層加速度後,可以視覺方式或聲音方式輸出該特定樓層之該預測地震數據或指示危險等級與疏散指示。 In order to achieve the effect of the earthquake warning, after estimating the maximum floor acceleration of a particular floor of a particular building, the predicted seismic data or the indicated hazard level and evacuation indication of the particular floor may be output visually or acoustically.

綜合上述,本發明具有以下特點: In summary, the present invention has the following features:

(一)即時快速:透過回歸分析之支持向量回歸模型,進行快速運算而得特定樓層之預測地震數據,相對一般需經結構動力之力學分析流程,其運算速度較快,符合建築物快速反應評估之強震預警需求。 (1) Instant and fast: Through the support vector regression model of regression analysis, the fast-calculated calculation of the predicted seismic data of a specific floor is relatively faster than the mechanical analysis process of structural dynamics, which is faster in calculation and conforms to the rapid response assessment of buildings. Strong earthquake warning needs.

(二)準確性高:本發明一實例採用2274筆樣本資料作為訓練模型,757筆測試樣本資料代入訓練模型,並以中央氣象局之地震震度分級為標準,最終震度分級介於正負一級之準確率高達95.51%。 (2) High accuracy: In one example of the present invention, 2274 sample data is used as the training model, 757 test sample data are substituted into the training model, and the seismic intensity classification of the Central Meteorological Administration is used as the standard, and the final seismic grading is between the positive and negative levels. The rate of accuracy is as high as 95.51%.

惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍;故,凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬於本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。 However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto; therefore, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are All remain within the scope of the invention patent.

S10~S40‧‧‧本發明一實施例中建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法之步驟 S10~S40‧‧‧ steps of an instant seismic analysis method for a building floor in an embodiment of the present invention

Claims (18)

一種建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法,預先透過一電腦系統建構一回歸模型,以預估出一新的地震發生時,一特定建築物之一特定樓層的最大樓層加速度,該方法包含:預先取得該複數個先前地震時,該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度;預先取得複數個先前地震之地震資訊,該地震資訊包含:複數個地震初達波特徵參數、複數個建築物之結構物週期以及各樓層之高度;預先透過該電腦系統將該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度與該複數個先前地震之地震資訊建構出該回歸模型;當該新的地震發生時,於一特定時間內偵測該新的地震之地震資訊,並將該新的地震之地震資訊代入該電腦系統所建構之該回歸模型,以預估出該特定建築物之該特定樓層的最大樓層加速度。 An earthquake real-time analysis method for building floors, in which a regression model is constructed in advance through a computer system to estimate the maximum floor acceleration of a particular floor of a particular building when a new earthquake occurs, the method comprising: pre-acquisition The maximum floor acceleration of each of the plurality of buildings in the plurality of previous earthquakes; obtaining seismic information of a plurality of previous earthquakes in advance, the seismic information comprising: a plurality of seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters, and a structure of the plurality of buildings a period of the object and a height of each floor; the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings and the seismic information of the plurality of previous earthquakes are preliminarily constructed by the computer system to construct the regression model; when the new earthquake occurs, Detecting the seismic information of the new earthquake within a specific time, and substituting the seismic information of the new earthquake into the regression model constructed by the computer system to estimate the maximum floor acceleration of the specific floor of the specific building . 如請求項1所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法,其中預先透過該電腦系統將該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度與該複數個先前地震之地震資訊建構出該回歸模型的方法為支持向量回歸機,其係將該複數個先前地震之地震資訊及該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度符合下列方程式: 其中,中f(x)為該新的地震發生時,該特定建築物之該特定樓層的最大樓層加速度,x1至xj為複數個向量,x為一特定向量,α 1α jβ 1β j及b為根據支持向量回歸、該複數個向量及該複數個向量所對應之該複數個建 築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度推得之常數,以及函數k為對應於一高維度特徵空間之一核函數。 The method for real-time analysis of earthquakes of a building floor according to claim 1, wherein the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings and the seismic information of the plurality of previous earthquakes are constructed in advance by the computer system to construct the regression model The method is a support vector regression machine, which is to match the seismic information of the plurality of previous earthquakes and the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings to the following equation: Where f ( x ) is the maximum floor acceleration of the particular floor of the particular building when the new earthquake occurs, x 1 to x j are a plurality of vectors, x is a specific vector, α 1 to α j , β 1 to β j and b are constants derived from the support vector regression, the complex vector and the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings corresponding to the plurality of vectors, and the function k corresponds to a high One of the dimension feature spaces is a kernel function. 如請求項2所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法,其中該核函數如下:k(x i ,x j )=exp(-∥x i -x j ∥/2σ 2),其中σ為一常數。 An earthquake real-time analysis method for a building floor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the kernel function is as follows: k ( x i , x j )=exp(−∥ x i - x j ∥/2 σ 2 ), where σ is A constant. 如請求項2所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法,其中α 1α jβ 1β j係根據求解一二次規劃(quadratic programming)問題而得,該二次規劃問題如下: 受限於 其中y1至ym為該複數個向量所對應之該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度,以及ε、C為常數。 An earthquake real-time analysis method for a building floor as claimed in claim 2, wherein α 1 to α j , β 1 to β j are obtained according to a quadratic programming problem, and the secondary planning problem is as follows: limited by Where y 1 to y m are the maximum floor accelerations of the floors of the plurality of buildings corresponding to the plurality of vectors, and ε and C are constants. 如申請專利第4項所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法,其中該二次規劃問題係經由一目標函數並導入拉格郎奇乘算子(Lagrange multipliers)而得,該目標函數如下: 受限於 其中w為該高維度特徵空間中之一向量,ξ i 及b為該目標函數之變數。 The method for real-time analysis of earthquakes on a building floor as described in claim 4, wherein the quadratic programming problem is obtained by introducing an objective function and introducing a Lagrange multipliers, the objective function is as follows: limited by Where w is one of the vectors in the high dimensional feature space, ξ i , And b is the variable of the objective function. 如請求項2所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法,其中該複數個向量中之每一向量對應之該地震資訊係為該複數個地震初達波特徵參數、該複數個建築物之結構物週期以及各樓層之高度之特徵數值。 The seismic real-time analysis method for a building floor according to claim 2, wherein the seismic information corresponding to each of the plurality of vectors is a characteristic parameter of the plurality of earthquakes, and a structure of the plurality of buildings The characteristic value of the object period and the height of each floor. 如請求項2所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法,其中該特定向量係根據該新的地震資訊組成。 The seismic real-time analysis method for a building floor according to claim 2, wherein the specific vector is composed according to the new seismic information. 如請求項1述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析方法,其中該複數個地震初達波特徵參數包括加速度絕對值極值(Pa)、速度絕對值極值(Pv)、位移絕對值極值(Pd)、有效主控週期、速度平方之積分量,以及累積絕對速度。 The method for real-time analysis of earthquakes on a building floor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters include an absolute value of the acceleration absolute value (P a ), an absolute value of the absolute value of the speed (P v ), and an absolute value of the displacement absolute value. Value (P d ), effective master cycle, integral amount of velocity squared, and cumulative absolute velocity. 一種建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統,預先透過一電腦系統建構一回歸模型,以預估出一新的地震發生時,一特定建築物之一特定樓層的最大樓層加速度,該系統包含:一儲存單元,用以儲存該回歸模型,該回歸模型之建構方式如下:取得該複數個先前地震時,該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度;取得複數個先前地震之地震資訊,該地震資訊包含:複數個地震初達波特徵參數、複數個建築物之結構物週期以及各樓層之高度;將該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度與該複數個先前地震之地震資訊建構出該回歸模型;一傳輸單元,用以接收當該新的地震發生時,於一特定時間內偵測該新的地震之地震資訊;以及一運算處理單元,電性連接該儲存單元與該傳輸單元,接收傳輸單 元所傳輸之該新的地震之地震資訊,並將該新的地震之地震資訊代入該回歸模型,以預估出該特定建築物之該特定樓層的最大樓層加速度。 An earthquake real-time analysis system for building floors, in which a regression model is constructed in advance through a computer system to estimate the maximum floor acceleration of a particular floor of a particular building when a new earthquake occurs, the system comprising: a storage a unit for storing the regression model, the regression model being constructed as follows: obtaining a maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings when the plurality of previous earthquakes are obtained; acquiring seismic information of the plurality of previous earthquakes, the seismic information The method includes: a plurality of seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters, a structural period of the plurality of buildings, and a height of each floor; constructing the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings and the seismic information of the plurality of previous earthquakes a regression unit, configured to receive seismic information for detecting the new earthquake in a specific time when the new earthquake occurs; and an operation processing unit electrically connecting the storage unit and the transmission unit, Receiving transfer order The seismic information of the new earthquake transmitted by Yuan, and the seismic information of the new earthquake is substituted into the regression model to estimate the maximum floor acceleration of the particular floor of the particular building. 如請求項9所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統,其中將該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度與該複數個先前地震之地震資訊建構出該回歸模型的方法為支持向量回歸機,其係將該複數個先前地震之地震資訊及該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度符合下列方程式: 其中,中f(x)為該新的地震發生時,該特定建築物之該特定樓層的最大樓層加速度,x1至xj為複數個向量,x為一特定向量,α 1α jβ 1β j及b為根據支持向量回歸、該複數個向量及該複數個向量所對應之該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度推得之常數,以及函數k為對應於一高維度特徵空間之一核函數。 The earthquake real-time analysis system for a building floor according to claim 9, wherein the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings and the seismic information of the plurality of previous earthquakes are constructed by the regression model is a support vector regression The machine is configured to conform the earthquake information of the plurality of previous earthquakes and the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings to the following equation: Where f ( x ) is the maximum floor acceleration of the particular floor of the particular building when the new earthquake occurs, x 1 to x j are a plurality of vectors, x is a specific vector, α 1 to α j , β 1 to β j and b are constants derived from the support vector regression, the complex vector and the maximum floor acceleration of each floor of the plurality of buildings corresponding to the plurality of vectors, and the function k corresponds to a high One of the dimension feature spaces is a kernel function. 如請求項10所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統,其中該核函數如下:k(x i ,x j )=exp(-∥x i -x j ∥/2σ 2),其中σ為一常數。 An earthquake real-time analysis system for a building floor as claimed in claim 10, wherein the kernel function is as follows: k ( x i , x j )=exp(−∥ x i - x j ∥/2 σ 2 ), where σ is A constant. 如請求項10所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統,其中α 1α jβ 1β j係根據求解一二次規劃(quadratic programming)問題而得,該二次規劃問題如下: 受限於 其中y1至ym為該複數個向量所對應之該複數個建築物之各樓層之最大樓層加速度,以及ε、C為常數。 An earthquake real-time analysis system for a building floor as claimed in claim 10, wherein α 1 to α j , β 1 to β j are obtained according to solving a quadratic programming problem, the secondary planning problem being as follows: limited by Where y 1 to y m are the maximum floor accelerations of the floors of the plurality of buildings corresponding to the plurality of vectors, and ε and C are constants. 如請求項12所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統,其中該二次規劃問題係經由一目標函數並導入拉格郎奇乘算子(Lagrange multipliers)而得,該目標函數如下: 受限於 其中w為該高維度特徵空間中之一向量,ζ i 及b為該目標函數之變數。 An earthquake real-time analysis system for a building floor as claimed in claim 12, wherein the quadratic programming problem is obtained by introducing an objective function and introducing a Lagrange multipliers, the objective function is as follows: limited by Where w is one of the vectors in the high dimensional feature space, ζ i , And b is the variable of the objective function. 如請求項10所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統,其中該複數個向量中之每一向量對應之該地震資訊係為該複數個地震初達波特徵參數、該複數個建築物之結構物週期以及各樓層之高度之特徵數值。 The seismic real-time analysis system for a building floor according to claim 10, wherein the seismic information corresponding to each of the plurality of vectors is a characteristic parameter of the plurality of earthquakes, and a structure of the plurality of buildings The characteristic value of the object period and the height of each floor. 如請求項10所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統,其中該特定向量係根據該新的地震資訊組成。 An earthquake real-time analysis system for a building floor as claimed in claim 10, wherein the specific vector is composed of the new seismic information. 如請求項9所述之建築物樓層之地震即時分析系統,其中該複數個地震初達波特徵參數包括加速度絕對值極值(Pa)、速度絕對值極值(Pv)、位移絕對值極值(Pd)、有效主控週期、速度平方之積分量,以及累積絕對速度。 The earthquake real-time analysis system for a building floor according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of seismic arrival wave characteristic parameters include an absolute value of the acceleration absolute value (P a ), an absolute value of the absolute value of the speed (P v ), and an absolute value of the displacement. Extremum (P d ), effective master period, integral amount of velocity squared, and cumulative absolute velocity. 一種內儲程式之電腦可讀取記錄媒體,當電腦載入該程式並執行後,可完成如請求項1至8所述之方法。 A computer readable recording medium for storing a program, and when the computer loads the program and executes it, the method as claimed in claims 1 to 8 can be completed. 一種內儲用於建築物樓層之地震即時分析之電腦程式產品,當電腦載入該電腦程式並執行後,可完成請求項1至8所述之方法。 A computer program product for storing an earthquake for real-time analysis of a building floor, after the computer is loaded into the computer program and executed, the method described in claims 1 to 8 can be completed.
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