TW201740638A - Female element and male element for an electrical plug connection, electrical plug connection and method for producing an electrical plug connection - Google Patents

Abstract

A female element (10), in particular a plug socket (16), for an electrical plug connection (14), having at least two electrical contact elements (20) for transmitting electrical energy is equipped with a radio unit for transmitting radio signals for identification and/or compatibility checking in respect of allowing a permanently reliable and electrically safe connection independently of the type of power supply, wherein the radio unit interacts with a controller which is used to allow the transmission of electrical energy by means of the contact elements (20), and having a switching element for activating the radio unit, wherein the switching element can be operated by plug-connecting the female element (10) to a complementary male element (12). A male element (10), an electrical plug connection (14) and also a method for producing an electrical plug connection (14) are disclosed.

Description

Socket element and plug element for electrical plug-in connection, electrical plug-in connection and method for establishing electrical plug-in connection

The invention relates to a socket element and a plug element for an electrical plug-in connection, the socket element and the plug element having at least two electrical contact elements for transmitting electrical energy. Furthermore, the invention is more related to an electrical plug-in connection. Additionally, the present invention is also directed to a method of establishing an electrical plug-in connection for transmitting electrical energy.

In the prior art, electrical receptacle components and plug components are known in the form of safety sockets and safety plugs. The safety socket and the safety plug are inserted in accordance with the contact sequence, that is, the protection line is connected first, and then the neutral line and the live line are connected. In addition, a commercially available automobile charging plug named "Type 2" is known from the prior art, and different contact elements and signal pins are also contacted in accordance with the contact sequence, that is, connected in different time intervals in a time-shift manner. Contact the components to avoid arcing when plugging and unplugging.

However, it has the disadvantage that there is a voltage on the signal pin and on the exposed contacts. The signal pin is thin and cannot be cleaned due to the presence of strong current, so it will corrode quickly when used outdoors. Therefore, contamination and corrosion can cause signal pins A bridge is formed between them. As a result, there is a risk of short circuit and no permanent operation is guaranteed. If the signal pin is replaced by a wireless signal transmission, the plug-and-socket pairing may occur before the contact elements are in physical contact with one another, and in turn a voltage is present on the contact element. There is thus a risk of arcing and the user being subjected to an electric shock. In the long run, there is no guarantee that the use of such plugs and sockets is safe enough.

It is an object of the present invention to achieve a connection that is durable, reliable, and electrically secure in any power supply mode.

The solution of the invention to achieve this object is a socket element having the features of option 1. Accordingly, the socket component is characterized by a radio unit for transmitting a radio signal for performing an authentication and/or compatibility check, wherein the radio unit cooperates with the controller for permitting the contact element to transmit electrical energy, and A switching element for activating a radio unit, wherein the switching element can be manipulated by plugging the socket element with a complementary plug element.

The aforementioned technical solution of the socket element has the advantage of being able to establish an electrically secure connection. The basis is that the socket element and the complementary plug element are initially not powered. The switching element for activating the radio unit is manipulated by plugging the socket element with a complementary plug element. The radio unit sends a radio signal to the socket element and the plug element or the component connected thereto Perform an authentication and/or compatibility check. If the identity and/or compatibility is verified or authorized, the controller that cooperates with the radio unit permits the contact element to transmit electrical energy. After this, the contact element is powered. This results in a contact sequence which avoids the generation of an electric arc and ensures that the contact element does not supply power in the bare state. Thereby, the safety of the user when operating the socket component and the plug component is significantly optimized, especially in the case where the power supply mode is direct current. The radio unit is activated when the plug element is plugged into the socket element, thereby preventing the socket element from being undesirably read or subjected to undesired manipulation when the plug element is not inserted. In other words, the plug element that is complementary to the socket element functions as a "mechanical key" for activating the radio unit. In addition, selectively turning on the radio unit helps to reduce power consumption because there is no continuous polling (Presence check of a counterpart).

It is conceivable that the switching element can be actuated by the plug element when the socket element is plugged into the complementary plug element.

The socket element is not only suitable for vehicles or houses, but can be used for any type of independent network. Therefore, the socket element can be fixedly mounted on the charging post or the wall of the house. The socket element is adapted to transmit direct current or alternating current.

The socket element can be constructed as a socket. The contact element can be implemented as a contact seat, and the contact seat is arranged on the socket element for accommodating the storage of the complementary plug element In the ministry. Preferably, the radio unit is provided on the wall portion defining the accommodating portion in the insertion direction, in particular in the wall portion of the accommodating portion. The contact seat is adapted to receive the stylus in an adapted manner. More than two contact elements can also be provided.

A voltage of -120 volts to +120 volts may be present on one of the contact elements, preferably a voltage of +50 volts to +70 volts, and further preferably a voltage of +60 volts. There may be a voltage of 0 volts on the other contact element, wherein the contact element does not form a connection to ground (not "grounded"). The contact elements and/or their wires are preferably double electrically insulated. You can not use the protection line.

The controller may be disposed directly in the socket component, or in a plug component complementary to the socket component, or in a terminal device (eg, an energy storage device, a charger, a powered device) connected to the socket component or the plug component . The controller can be coupled upstream of the radio unit, wherein the radio unit can be disposed in the receptacle element along with the switching element. The controller can be built as a microcontroller.

The switching element can be positioned in such a way that after the contact element of the socket element (for example the contact socket) is electrically connected to the electrical contact element of the plug element (for example a contact pin), the switching element is actuated. In other words, the switching element can be arranged in a certain manner relative to the contact element such that the switching element is manipulated after the electrical contact is established on the contact element. The determining (insertion) position of the plug element in the socket element is detected by the switching element. The determined position can be one end position at which the plug element is fully inserted into the socket element. This facilitates safety when operating the socket component because it is determined (inserted) Energy transfer is permitted at the time of location.

In particular, the switching element can be constructed as an electronic switching element, in particular as a sensing element, or as a switch that closes the circuit. The switch can be constructed as a mechanical switch or button that is pretensioned by a spring. In addition, the switch can be constructed as a tracking contact/contact bridge (electric switch). All of the above are simple construction solutions in terms of detecting the determined position. The sensing element can be implemented as a Hall probe (magnetic sensor), a light barrier (optical sensor) or a capacitor (capacitive sensor). This allows for a more accurate resolution when detecting (inserting) positions.

Preferably, a locking element for locking the plug element to the socket element can be provided. Thereby, the plug element can be fixed to the socket element, thereby further improving safety. The locking element can be constructed as a U-shaped or V-shaped buckle. The latch can snap into the slot on the plug element in the locked position.

It is reasonable to provide an actuator for actuating the locking element, which actuator is in particular controlled by the controller. Thereby, the locking element is selectively displaceable between the release position and the locked position. An advantage of manipulating the actuator with the controller is that the locking element can be manipulated in conjunction with the permission of energy transfer. It is conceivable here that the energy transfer takes place after the component to be locked has reached the locked position. This can further improve security.

Preferably, the radio unit can be constructed as a preferably active near field communication unit (NFC unit; Near Field Communication Unit). This can be true The effective transmission distance (Manipulationssicherheit) of the radio signal only a few centimeters is expected. The active near field communication unit has the advantage that it can communicate with a counterpart having a passive near field communication unit (passive NFC tag).

Another solution of the invention to achieve the aforementioned object is a plug element having the features of a side-by-side embodiment. To avoid repetition, please refer to the aforementioned embodiments for advantages and inventiveness.

The plug element is not only suitable for use in vehicles or houses, but can be used in any type of independent network. The plug element is adapted to transmit direct current or alternating current.

The plug element can be constructed as a plug. The contact element can be embodied as a stylus, which is arranged on the plug and oriented in the insertion direction. The radio unit is preferably provided at the end of the plug, in particular integrated into the plug from the end. The stylus is adapted to be inserted into the contact seat. More than two contact elements can also be provided.

The controller may be directly disposed in the plug component, or in a socket component complementary to the plug component, or in a terminal device (eg, an accumulator, a charger, a powered device) connected to the plug component or the socket component . The controller can be coupled upstream of the radio unit, wherein the radio unit can be disposed in the plug element along with the switching element. The controller can be built as a microcontroller.

Regarding the voltage that may exist on the contact element, since this voltage is also inserted For head components related, please refer to the implementation scheme related to Option 1.

Suitably, a switching element for activating the radio unit can be provided, wherein the switching element can be manipulated by plugging the plug element with a complementary socket element. Thereby, regardless of whether a switching element is present on the socket element, the radio unit of the plug element can be selectively activated when the switching element is manipulated. It is conceivable that the switching element can be actuated by the socket element when the plug element is plugged into the complementary socket element.

The switching element of the plug element can be configured to correspond to the switching element of the socket element. In particular, the switching element can be embodied as an electronic switching element, in particular as a sensing element, or as a switch for closing the circuit (see above).

Preferably, a locking element for locking the plug element to the complementary socket element can be provided. The locking element can be constructed as a locking tab which is provided on the plug element and is adapted to cooperate with a locking element of the socket element, such as a latch. This helps to improve the safety when operating the socket components.

Preferably, the radio unit of the plug element can be constructed as a preferably passive near field communication unit (NFC unit). This ensures an effective transmission distance (anti-manipulation protection) of the desired radio signal of a few centimeters. The passive near field communication unit has the advantage that the passive near field communication unit can be powered by the other party's near field communication unit without requiring its own energy source.

Another solution of the invention to achieve the aforementioned object is an electrical plug-in connection having the features of another parallel embodiment. Please refer to the implementation related to Option 1 for advantages and creativity.

Another solution of the invention to achieve the aforementioned object is a method of establishing an electrically plug-in connection for transmitting electrical power having the features of another parallel embodiment. Please refer to the implementation related to Option 1 for advantages and creativity.

Preferably, the physical contact can be established between the contact elements by inserting a socket element having at least two contact elements with a complementary plug element having at least two contact elements. This is operated by the user, that is, the plug element is inserted into the socket element.

Reasonably, the switching element can be manipulated by plugging the socket element with the plug element. It is conceivable here to actuate the switching element by means of the plug element during the plugging. Thereby the radio unit is activated, and after the plug element is plugged into the socket element, the energy transfer is permitted depending on the situation. This can improve safety for the user.

For further technical solutions of the method, please refer to the measures proposed in connection with the socket component and the plug component.

10‧‧‧Socket components

10'‧‧‧Shell

11‧‧‧ 收纳 department

12‧‧‧ plug components

12'‧‧‧Shell

13‧‧‧Insert Department

14‧‧‧Electrical plug-in connection

16‧‧‧ socket

18‧‧‧ plug

20‧‧‧Electrical contact elements

22‧‧‧Contacts

23‧‧‧ sheath tube

24‧‧‧ radio unit

25‧‧‧ Radio signals

26‧‧‧ Controller

28‧‧‧Energy source/energy storage device

30‧‧‧Switching elements

32‧‧‧Electrical contact elements

34‧‧‧Buttons/Switches

35‧‧‧ wall

36‧‧‧Locking components

38‧‧‧Lock

40‧‧‧Active Near Field Communication Unit

42‧‧‧ stylus

44‧‧‧ radio unit

46‧‧‧Switching elements

47‧‧‧ button

48‧‧‧Locking components

50‧‧‧Locks

51‧‧‧ slots

52‧‧‧ Passive Near Field Communication Unit

The invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings in which the same component parts are only labeled once. 1 is an isometric view of an embodiment of a socket member and a plug member; (a) in FIG. 2 and (b) in FIG. 2 are in a plugged state of the socket member and the plug member of FIG. Front view and sectional view (bending section); (a) in Fig. 3 and (b) in Fig. 3 are the socket member and the plug member of Fig. 1 in the plugged state ((a) in Fig. 3) And a cross-sectional view during the plugging process ((b) in FIG. 3); and FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the socket component and the plug component of FIG.

Figure 1 shows a socket element 10 for an electrical plug-in connection and a plug element 12 for an electrical plug-in connection. The socket element 10 forms an electrically plug-in connection 14 with the plug element 12.

The socket element 10 has a housing 10' with a receptacle 11 for a corresponding plug element 12. The plug element 12 has a housing 12' with an insertion portion 13. The plug element 12 can be inserted into the accommodating portion 11 at its insertion portion 13.

The socket element 10 is constructed as a socket 16 and can be mounted, for example, on a charging post or wall. The plug element 12 is embodied as a plug 18 and can be inserted into the socket 16 due to its complementary design.

The socket element 10 has two electrical contact elements 20 for transmitting electrical energy, which are formed as contact seats 22. The contact seat 22 is provided in the housing portion 11. The sheath tube 23 surrounds the contact seat 22. Furthermore, the socket element 10 has a radio unit 24 for transmitting radio signals to complete an authentication and/or compatibility check (see Figure 2).

The radio unit 24 cooperates with a controller 26 for permitting the contact element 20 to transmit electrical energy. In the present embodiment, the controller corresponds to an energy source 28 (e.g., an accumulator or a charger) and optionally constitutes an energy source 28 Part of it (see Figure 4). The contact holder 20 is electrically connected to the accumulator 28 in the embodiment.

Furthermore, the socket element 10 has a switching element 30 for activating the radio unit 24, wherein the switching element 30 can be manipulated by plugging the socket element 10 with the complementary plug element 12, ie by means of the plug element 12 (see Fig. 3).

The switching element 30 is positioned in such a way that after the contact element 20 of the socket element 10 is electrically connected to the electrical contact element 32 of the plug element 12, the switching element is manipulated (see Figure 3). In the present embodiment, the switching element 30 is constructed as a switch or button 34 and is pretensioned by a spring (not shown). The switching element 30 is provided in the accommodating portion 11, that is, on or in the wall portion 35 that defines the accommodating portion 11 in the insertion direction. Not shown in the figure In an embodiment, the switching element 30 can also be constructed as a sensing element (eg a Hall probe, a light barrier or a capacitor).

Furthermore, the socket element 10 has a locking element 36 for locking the plug element 12 to the socket element 10. The locking element 36 is embodied as a catch 38 (see (a) in Fig. 3).

In addition, the socket member 10 has an actuator (not shown) for operating the locking member 36 by which the locking member 36 is displaceable between a release position and a locked position. The actuator is controlled by controller 26.

The radio unit 24 is constructed as a preferably active near field communication unit 40 (NFC unit) (see Fig. 4). The radio unit 24 is provided in the wall portion 35 defining the accommodating portion 11 in the insertion direction, on the wall portion or after the wall portion (see Fig. 3).

The plug element 12 has at least two electrical contact elements 32 for transmitting electrical energy, which are embodied as contact pins 42. Furthermore, the plug element 12 has a radio unit 44 for transmitting radio signals for identity verification and/or compatibility checking.

The radio unit 44 cooperates with a controller 26 for permitting the contact element 32 to transfer electrical energy. In this embodiment, the controller 26 corresponds to an energy source 28 (eg, an accumulator or a charger) and optionally constitutes an energy source. Part of 28.

The plug element 12 can further have a switching element 46 for actuating the radio unit 44, wherein the switch element 46 can be manipulated by plugging the plug element 12 with the complementary socket element 10, wherein the switch can be manipulated by the socket element 10 when plugged in Element (not shown). In the present embodiment, the switching element 46 is constructed as a switch or button 47 and is pretensioned by a spring (not shown).

Furthermore, the plug element 12 has a locking element 48 for locking the plug element 12 to a complementary socket element 10. The locking element 48 is embodied as a locking tab 50 (see Figure 3). The locking element 48 has a slot 51 on each side, into which the locking element 36 (lock 38) snaps in the locked position. The locking element 36 partially protrudes from the insertion portion 13 of the plug element 12.

The radio unit 44 of the plug element 12 is constructed as a passive near field communication unit 52 (NFC unit) (see Figure 4). Thereby, the radio unit 24 of the socket element 10 can energize the radio unit 44 of the plug element 12. The radio unit 44 is integrated from the end into the plug element 12, that is to say integrated in the insertion portion 13.

The following is a method of establishing an electrical plug-in connection for transmitting electrical energy.

First, a physical contact is established between the contact elements 20, 32 for transmitting electrical energy. This is achieved by inserting at least two contact elements 20 The seat element 10 is plugged with a complementary plug element 12 having at least two contact elements 44.

Next, the switching element 30 is operated, which activates the radio unit 24 for identity verification and/or compatibility checking. The switching element 30 is actuated by means of a plug element 12, which can be embodied as a switch or button 34 and can be actuated by the insertion portion 13 of the plug element 12.

The radio unit 24 cooperates with a controller 26 that permits the contact elements 20, 32 to transfer electrical energy. The switching element 30 is manipulated by the plug element 12 by plugging the socket element 10 with the plug element 12.

10‧‧‧Socket components

10'‧‧‧Shell

11‧‧‧ 收纳 department

12‧‧‧ plug components

12'‧‧‧Shell

13‧‧‧Insert Department

14‧‧‧Electrical plug-in connection

16‧‧‧ socket

18‧‧‧ plug

20‧‧‧Electrical contact elements

22‧‧‧Contacts

23‧‧‧ sheath tube

48‧‧‧Locking components

50‧‧‧Locks

Claims (14)

A socket element (10) for an electrical plug-in connection (14), in particular a socket (16), the socket element having: at least two electrical contact elements (20) for transmitting electrical energy; a radio unit (24) Used to transmit a radio signal (25) to perform an authentication and/or compatibility check, wherein the aforementioned radio unit (24) cooperates with a controller (26) for permitting the aforementioned contact element (20) The electrical energy is transmitted; and the switching element (30) is used to activate the aforementioned radio unit (24), wherein the switching element (30) can be manipulated by inserting the socket element (10) with a complementary plug element (12). A socket member (10) for an electrical plug-in connection (14) as claimed in claim 1, wherein said switching element (30) is positioned in such a manner as to contact element (20) of said socket member (10) After electrically connecting the electrical contact elements (32) of the plug element (12), the aforementioned switching elements are manipulated. A socket element (10) for an electrical plug-in connection (14) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the aforementioned switching element is constructed as an electronic switching element, the aforementioned electronic switching element being a sensing element or being constructed as a switch (34) ). A socket member (10) for an electrical plug-in connection (14) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a locking member (36) is provided, and the aforementioned locking member (36) is a latch (38). ) for locking the plug element (12) to the aforementioned socket element (10). A socket member (10) for an electrical plug-in connection (14) as claimed in claim 4, wherein an actuator is provided for operating the aforementioned locking member (36) and by the aforementioned controller ( 26) Control. A socket element (10) for an electrical plug-in connection (14) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the aforementioned radio unit (24) is constructed as a preferred active near field communication unit (40) ). A plug element (12) for an electronic plug-in connection (14), the plug element (12) being a plug (18), the plug element having: at least two electrical contact elements (32) for transmitting electrical energy; And a radio unit (44) for transmitting a radio signal (25) for performing an authentication and/or compatibility check, wherein the aforementioned radio unit (44) cooperates with a controller (26) for permitting the aforementioned The contact element (32) transmits electrical energy. A plug element (12) for an electronic plug-in connection (14) as claimed in claim 7, wherein a switching element (46) is provided for activating the aforementioned radio unit (44), wherein the plug element is (12) The traversable switching element (46) is interposed with a complementary socket member (10). A plug element () for an electronic plug-in connection (14) as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein a locking element (48) is provided, the locking element (48) being a locking piece (50) for The aforementioned plug element (12) is locked to a complementary socket element (10). A plug element for an electronic plug-in connection (14) as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the aforementioned radio unit (44) is constructed as a preferably passive near field communication unit (52). An electrical plug-in connection (14) having a socket member (10) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 and a plug member (12) as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 10. A method of establishing an electrical plug-in connection (14) for transmitting electrical energy, wherein a physical contact is established between contact elements (20, 32) for transmitting electrical energy, and then the switching element (30) is manipulated, said The switching element activates a radio unit (24) for authentication and/or compatibility checking, and wherein the aforementioned radio unit (24) cooperates with a controller (26) that permits the aforementioned contact elements (20, 32) ) Transfer power. A method of establishing an electrical plug-in connection (14) for transmitting electrical energy as recited in claim 12, wherein at least two of the socket elements (10) having at least two contact elements (20) are complementary to each other The plug element (12) of the contact element (44) is plugged in to establish the aforementioned physical contact between the aforementioned contact elements (20, 32). A method of establishing an electrical plug-in connection (14) for transmitting electrical energy as recited in claim 13, wherein the aforementioned switching element (30) is inserted by interposing the aforementioned socket component (10) with the aforementioned plug component (12) Manipulate.