TW201735868A - Hemostatic tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A hemostatic tool capable of being used for pressing an arm and arresting hemorrhage includes: first and second jaws for pinching the arm by approaching to each other along a first direction; a supporter for supporting the first and second jaws such that they can move linearly along the first direction; a resilient body coupled to at least one of the first and second jaws, and applying a biasing force to pull the first and second jaws away from each other; a ratchet mechanism for resisting the biasing force and temporarily holding the first and second jaws at an arbitrary position; and a button for releasing the ratchet mechanism.

Description

Hemostasis

The following disclosure relates to a hemostatic device that is used for temporary hemostasis with medical behavior.

Hemostasis is temporarily performed by, for example, an arm that is pressed against a patient for the purpose of blood collection, injection, blood transfusion, or infusion. Typically, the hemostatic system is a method in which a band made of rubber or the like called a tourniquet is wound around an arm, and is fixed by a fixing tool after being appropriately bound. If the degree of binding of the tourniquet is insufficient, hemostasis may be insufficient. If the binding is excessive, it may cause pain to the patient. The degree of binding depends on the intuition of various medical technicians.

In the case of hemostasis, in most cases, it is only necessary to compress a specific blood vessel, but it is difficult to say that the tourniquet is pressed against the entire circumference of the arm. Moreover, the adjustment of the degree of bundling is not easy and simple. In order to overcome this shortcoming, several proposals have been made. Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose related technologies.

(previous technical literature) (Patent Literature)

Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Show No. 61-82609

Patent Document 2: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-267629

Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2009-148484

Prolonged hemostasis, especially the hemostasis performed by pressing the arm throughout the circumference, such as a tourniquet, can block the blood flow of the arm and cause undesirable results. Therefore, if the necessary treatment is completed, the pressure must be quickly released. On the other hand, even in the stage of releasing the compression, the medical instrument such as the injection needle or the catheter is continuously held by one hand depending on the treatment, or the operation needs to be continued. Therefore, the release of the pressure must be performed only with the remaining hand. In the case of one-handed release of compression, a conventional tourniquet or hemostatic clip is not necessarily a simple matter. Further, when a medical instrument such as an injection needle or a catheter is punctured in the state of the patient's arm, if it takes time to release, there may be a corresponding pain or discomfort to the patient. In particular, there is a problem that vibration, impact, and external force are applied to the arm when it is released.

Further, in a hemostatic clip in which, for example, a pair of arm portions are pivoted around a fulcrum to sandwich an arm, the pressing forces applied to the arm portions are inevitably offset from each other. Because of this deviation, especially in the case of patients with thicker arms, hemostatic clips often deviate with the application of compression forces. This can make it difficult to compress the target blood vessel to the tip of the needle. Therefore, it is desirable to have an appliance that can generate a compressive force linearly without rotating.

The person disclosed in the present specification is based on the above issues. Now researcher. According to one aspect, the hemostasis system for stopping bleeding by pressing the arm includes: the first and second jaw portions sandwiching the arm by approaching each other in the first direction; the support portion is configured to be along The first direction and the second jaw are supported by linearly moving the first direction; and the elastic body is coupled to at least one of the first and second jaws to provide the first and second jaws a spring force that is separated from each other; the ratchet mechanism temporarily holds the first and second jaw portions at an arbitrary position against the aforementioned projectile thrust; and the button releases the ratchet mechanism.

Preferably, the hemostatic device further includes: the first and second mouth portions are detachably coupled to the first and second jaw portions, or are integrally fixed to the first and second jaw portions, respectively, and respectively It extends in the second direction and has a size capable of sandwiching the arm. More preferably, the hemostatic device further includes a gear mechanism that moves the first weir portion symmetrically along the first direction with respect to the second weir portion. More preferably, in the hemostasis device, the gear mechanism includes a pinion gear that is rotatably supported by the support portion, and a rack that is configured from the first and second jaw portions toward the first The first direction extends to mesh with the pinion gear, and the ratchet mechanism includes a ratchet tooth formed on the pinion gear or the rack, and a claw protruding from the button so as to be engaged with the ratchet tooth.

According to the present invention, the target blood vessel can be accurately pressed without being easily deviated, and the compression can be easily released.

1‧‧‧Upper Department

3‧‧‧Lower Department

5‧‧‧Support

7‧‧‧ button

9‧‧‧ Shell

11‧‧‧Upper mouth

13‧‧‧ Lower mouth

15‧‧‧ratchet mechanism

17‧‧‧ Gear mechanism

19‧‧‧ Spring

21‧‧‧Upper rack

21S‧‧ slit

21T‧‧‧ rack teeth

23‧‧‧ Lower rack

23S‧‧‧Slit

23T‧‧‧ rack teeth

25‧‧‧ pinion

27‧‧‧ gear teeth

29‧‧ ‧ sales

31‧‧ ‧ sales

33‧‧‧Cylinder

35‧‧‧ ratchet teeth

37‧‧‧ claws

39‧‧‧Return spring

41‧‧‧Hand

43‧‧‧ Arm

X‧‧‧1st direction

Y‧‧‧2nd direction

Z‧‧‧3rd direction

Fig. 1 is a front view of a hemostat of an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a front view showing a part of the hemostatic device and observing the inside thereof.

Fig. 3 is a rack and pinion mechanism inside the hemostatic device, and is a side view as seen from the arrow III of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a ratchet mechanism inside the hemostatic device, and is a side view as seen from the arrow IV of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a side view of the inside of the hemostatic device viewed from the same direction as Fig. 4, and showing the state in which the two crotch portions are closed.

Fig. 6 is a side view of the inside of the hemostatic device viewed from the same direction as Fig. 4, and shows a state in which the ratchet mechanism is released by pressing a button.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the state in which the hemostatic device is held by the hand.

Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the state of the arm of the patient by the hemostatic device.

Several illustrative embodiments are described with reference to the drawings.

Referring to Fig. 8, the hemostatic device of the present embodiment can be pressed by the arm portion 43 by the above-described crotch portion 1 and the crotch portion 3, and can be used for hemostasis. The longitudinal direction of the hemostatic device is referred to as the first direction X, the lateral direction is the second direction Y, and the direction along the arm 43 is referred to as the third direction Z by the following description and the scope of the patent application. Although it can be understood that the directions X, Y, and Z are orthogonal to each other, the embodiment is not necessarily limited thereto. Further, although the upper and lower sides are distinguished along the first direction X for convenience of explanation, the embodiment is not necessarily limited thereto.

Referring to Fig. 1, the upper and lower jaws 1, 3 are sandwiched by the arm 43 by approaching each other in the first direction X. The upper and lower jaw portions 1 and 3 may extend in the second direction Y so as to directly sandwich the arm 43, and may include the upper and lower mouth portions 11 and 13 for sandwiching the arm as shown.

The upper and lower mouth portions 11 and 13 may be integrally fixed to the upper and lower jaw portions 1 and 3, respectively, and may be detachable from the upper and lower jaws 1 and 3. Alternatively, for example, the upper and lower mouth portions 11 and 13 may be provided with grooves or rails, and the upper and lower jaw portions 1 and 3 may include claws that engage with the grooves or the rails, thereby allowing the upper and lower mouth portions 11 and 13 to be opposite to the upper and lower jaw portions 1 3 mobile. The groove or the track may be in the first direction X. In this case, for example, the upper and lower mouth portions 11 and 13 may be moved up and down to slightly adjust the pressing force. Further, the groove or the track may be oriented in the second direction Y. In this case, the use of the fine adjustment of the thickness of the patient arm 43 by, for example, moving left and right may be utilized. Of course, it is also possible to face the third direction Z.

There may be only one of the upper and lower mouth portions 11 and 13, but one or both of them may be two or more. For example, one mouth can be made to correspond to the vein, and the other mouth can be made to correspond to the artery, and the blood flow of both sides can be stopped at the same time.

The upper and lower jaw portions 1, 3 or the upper and lower mouth portions 11, 13 may be straight, or may be appropriately curved so as to wrap the arm as shown. Preferably, the upper and lower jaw portions 1, 3 or the upper and lower mouth portions 11, 13 may further have a gasket at a portion that is in contact with the arm. The pad can also be bent along the arm, and at this time, the upper and lower jaws 1, 3 can also be straight.

The pad may also be raised more than the upper and lower jaws 1, 3 or the upper and lower mouth portions 11, 13. The ridge can be set to be particularly thin to correspond to the arm The patient needs a sufficient height. In addition, the pad or raised portion may also be detachable.

Further, the upper and lower jaw portions 1, 3 or the upper and lower mouth portions 11, 13 or the spacers provided therein may have one or more protrusions for pressing the specific portion of the arm. For example, if a protrusion having an appropriate size is provided at a portion that is in contact with the target vein, the blood flow of the vein can be stopped more reliably or with a smaller pressing force. The number of protrusions may of course be two or more, for example, one protrusion may correspond to the vein and the other protrusion may correspond to the artery.

The upper and lower jaw portions 1, 3 or the upper and lower mouth portions 11, 13 may be made of a suitable material such as resin, and may be rigid, but may have flexibility as appropriate. This flexibility is advantageous in preventing an excessive pressing force from being applied to the arm. Alternatively or additionally, when the pressing force is too large, the upper and lower jaw portions 1, 3 or the upper and lower mouth portions 11, 13 may be disengaged, bent, or rotated.

Alternatively, it is also possible to use such materials as soft materials such as rubber, elastomer, and urethane foam. These soft materials help to improve the fit of the arm or prevent the hemostatic device from deviating. Of course, different materials may be applied depending on the location. For example, the upper and lower mouth portions 11, 13 may be made of a hard resin, and the spacer may be composed of an elastic body.

Referring to Fig. 1 and referring to Figs. 2 to 4, the support portion 5 supports the upper and lower jaw portions 1, 3. The support portion 5 is of a box type and has a casing 9 having an opening at its upper and lower ends, and the racks 21 and 23 extending from the upper and lower jaws 1 and 3 in the first direction X are supported by being embedded in the casing 9. tooth The strips 21 and 23 are respectively guided to the edge of the opening of the outer casing 9 or the internal structure thereof, whereby the upper and lower jaws 1, 3 are linearly movable along the first direction X. The button 7 is a trigger for releasing the pressing, and the details thereof will be described later.

As is particularly clearly shown in Fig. 2, in order to elastically push the upper and lower crotch portions 1, 3, an elastic body such as a coil spring 19 is accommodated in the outer casing 9. In the illustrated example, the rack 23 is integrally provided with a pin 29 extending from the lower jaw portion 3, and a spring 19 is interposed between the pin 31 projecting from the inner surface of the outer casing 9. Alternatively or in addition to this, a spring 19 is coupled to the upper rack 21 extending from the upper jaw portion 1.

In particular, in the state in which the spring 19 is stretched in the second drawing, the spring force is applied to the rack 23 in the shortening direction, and the upper and lower jaws 1, 3 are separated from each other. Bouncing. Of course, instead of shortening, it is also possible to form a configuration in which the upper and lower crotch portions 1 and 3 are urged in a direction in which they are separated from each other by ejecting elongation.

The hemostatic device may also include a gear mechanism that moves the upper and lower jaws 1, 3 symmetrically with respect to the outer casing 9. The third figure is a rack and pinion mechanism 17 which is an example thereof, and is composed of racks 21 and 23 and a pinion 25. The pinion 25 is rotatably supported by a bearing that protrudes from the outer casing 9 toward the inside thereof, but may have no bearing. The pinion gear 25 includes gear teeth 27, and the racks 21 and 23 are provided with rack teeth 21T and 23T so as to be engaged with each other so as to sandwich the pinion gears 25 by the racks 21 and 23, thereby moving up and down. The crotch portions 1, 3 will move symmetrically. Of course, the gear mechanism is not limited to the rack and pinion mechanism, and other suitable mechanisms may be utilized.

When the gear mechanism as described above is provided, the spring force is applied to both of the upper and lower jaw portions 1 and 3 by only one spring 19. As described above, the spring may be coupled to both of the flange portions 1 and 3 to impart a spring force to both of them, or the spring may be combined with only one of them. If the spring force is applied to the upper and lower jaws 1, 3, these will simultaneously exit from the arm together with the operation of the button 7. This is advantageous in that vibration, shock, and external force are not applied to the arm.

Further, it is also possible to drive only one of the upper and lower jaw portions 1, 3 without the gear mechanism as described above, and this configuration is advantageous in that the structure is simple.

The racks 21 and 23 may respectively have slits 21S and 23S extending in the movable direction thereof, and the racks 21 and 23 may be slidably fitted to the outer casing 9 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 . A cylinder 33 protruding toward the inside thereof. This helps to guide the racks 21, 23 linearly.

The hemostatic device is provided with a ratchet mechanism 15 that temporarily stops the upper and lower crotch portions 1 and 3 at an arbitrary position against the elastic thrust generated by the spring 19. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the ratchet mechanism 15 is composed of a ratchet tooth 35 provided on the rear side of the pinion gear 25 and a claw 37 provided in the push button 7. Instead of the pinion 25, the rack teeth 35 may be provided by any of the racks 21 and 23. The claws 37 are engaged with the ratchet teeth 35, and the upper and lower jaws 1, 3 are temporarily stopped at an arbitrary position.

Alternatively, instead of the combination of the ratchet teeth and the claws, a mechanism for stopping the jaws 1, 3 by friction (a toothless ratchet mechanism) may be used. In the former, only the ankles 1, 3 stay in the scattered position corresponding to the ratchet teeth. Set, but in the ratchet mechanism by friction, a stageless stop can be achieved.

As is particularly clearly shown in Fig. 1, the button 7 is such that its head extends beyond the outer casing 9, and the engagement of the ratchet mechanism 15 can be released by pressing it with a finger or the like. In the examples of Figs. 1 and 4, the button 7 is pressed in a direction orthogonal to the racks 21 and 23, but may be movable in other directions.

In order to return the button 7 to the engaged position when the finger or the like is released, the return spring 39 may be interposed between the outer casing 9 and the button 7. Alternatively, the button 7 or a portion of the outer casing 9 may have such elasticity.

The operation of the hemostatic device of the present embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 5 and 6 and Figs. 7 and 8.

As can be understood from Fig. 7, the hemostatic device as a whole is a thin, light and short person that can be operated with one hand. As shown in Fig. 6, the ratchet mechanism 15 is released by pressing the button 7 before use. The upper and lower jaws 1, 3 are pushed apart by the spring 19 to be separated from each other, and the arm 43 can be inserted therebetween. After the position is adjusted such that the target blood vessel is clamped by the upper and lower jaw portions 1 and 3 (or the upper and lower mouth portions 11 and 13), the upper and lower jaw portions 1 and 3 are brought closer by one hand, as shown in Fig. 8. As shown, the arm 43 is caught by the hemostat. By bringing the upper and lower jaws 1, 3 more appropriately, the arm 43 is pressed to stop bleeding.

Since the upper and lower jaws 1, 3 are stopped at an arbitrary position by the ratchet mechanism 15, the adjustment of the pressing force is extremely easy, and fine adjustment can be performed. Since the claw 37 generates a snap sound or a snap feeling when the claw 37 passes over the ratchet tooth 35, the user can adjust the pressing force based on this. Alternatively, the racks 21, 23 may also be provided as a base. Quasi-measures. Furthermore, the outer casing 9 can also be provided with a window for viewing the gauge.

It should be noted that the pressing force is not generated by the elastic force of a spring or the like but by the ratchet mechanism 15. Regardless of the strength of the spring or the thickness of the arm, the pressing force can be adjusted arbitrarily and finely. Further, since the ratchet mechanism 15 is continuously maintained in this state once adjusted, the pressing force is stabilized.

Further, since the upper and lower jaw portions 1 and 3 are linearly moved, the pressing force does not vary, and therefore the hemostat does not deviate even if the arm is extremely thick.

After the necessary treatment is completed, the ratchet mechanism 15 is released by pressing the button 7, and the hemostatic device is returned to the open state by the spring force of the spring 19, and the arm 43 can be withdrawn. When the hemostat has a gear mechanism, at this time, since the upper and lower jaws 1 and 3 are simultaneously detached from the arm 43, there is no case where vibration, impact, or external force is applied to the arm 43.

As can be understood from the above description, according to the hemostatic device of the present embodiment, the target blood vessel can be accurately pressed without being easily deviated, and the compression can be easily released without causing pain or discomfort to the patient. Further, when the upper and lower crotch portions 1, 3 are approached and the button 7 is pressed, the user must hold the hemostatic device by hand. This is extremely effective in preventing misoperations.

Although several embodiments have been described above, those skilled in the art can modify or modify the embodiments based on the above disclosure.

(industrial availability)

The invention provides a hemostatic device which can be correctly pressed The target blood vessel is not easily deviated, and the compression can be easily relieved.

1‧‧‧Upper Department

3‧‧‧Lower Department

7‧‧‧ button

9‧‧‧ Shell

15‧‧‧ratchet mechanism

19‧‧‧ Spring

21‧‧‧Upper rack

23‧‧‧ Lower rack

29‧‧ ‧ sales

31‧‧ ‧ sales

33‧‧‧Cylinder

39‧‧‧Return spring

Claims (4)

A hemostatic device for performing hemostasis by compressing an arm, the hemostat having: a first and a second ankle portion, wherein the arm is clamped by approaching each other in a first direction; the support portion is The first and second jaw portions are supported to linearly move in the first direction; and the elastic body is coupled to at least one of the first and second jaw portions to provide the first and second jaws The elastic thrust that is separated from each other; the ratchet mechanism temporarily holds the first and second jaws at an arbitrary position against the aforementioned projectile thrust; and the button releases the ratchet mechanism. The hemostatic device according to claim 1, further comprising: first and second mouth portions, respectively detachably coupled to the first and second jaw portions or integrally fixed to the first portion And the second crotch portion extends in the second direction and has a size capable of sandwiching the arm. The hemostatic device according to the first or second aspect of the invention, further comprising: a gear mechanism that moves the first crotch portion symmetrically along the first direction with respect to the second crotch portion. The hemostatic device according to claim 3, wherein the gear mechanism is provided with a pinion gear and a rotatable side. The support is supported by the support portion; and the rack extends from the first and second crotch portions toward the first direction and meshes with the pinion gear, and the ratchet mechanism includes a ratchet tooth formed on the The pinion gear or the aforementioned rack; and the claw protrude from the aforementioned button in such a manner as to engage with the aforementioned ratchet teeth.