TW201707933A - Selective three-dimensional manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

A selective three-dimensional manufacturing method including providing a manufacturing powder and carbide, so as to form a mixed powder; using a beam to illuminate and heat portion of the mixed powder to a predetermined temperature, letting the material of the manufacturing powder inside the portion of mixed powder wet the carbide, so as to cool down and solidify a three-dimensional object.

Description

Selective three-dimensional forming method

The present invention relates to a molding method, and more particularly to a selective three-dimensional molding method.

With the development of technology, 3D printing technology and Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology have become one of the most important technologies. These technologies are one of the rapid prototyping technologies. They can directly produce the desired finished product directly by the user-designed digital model file, and the finished product is almost a three-dimensional entity of any shape. In the past, in the field of mold manufacturing, industrial design, etc., 3D printing technology is often used to make models, and now it is gradually used in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering, automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education. , civil engineering and other fields.

The existing three-dimensional printing technology has various molding mechanisms according to various models and materials, such as Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) or Selective Laser Melting (SLM). A three-dimensional printing technique that utilizes, for example, illumination of a laser source to cause a metal powder or ceramic powder to be sintered or sintered layer by layer into a three-dimensional entity of a desired shape. At the same time, since the above-mentioned light source can provide high production precision and molding efficiency, the above three-dimensional printing technology is widely used in various fields mentioned above.

As the demand for people increases, the powders used in these three-dimensional printing techniques also need to be doped with other substances so that the formed three-dimensional object can have the desired material properties. However, the production of these powders doped with other substances requires additional processing such as sintering, sintering, etc., thereby reducing the production efficiency of the powder, and also increasing the cost and energy consumption.

The present invention provides a selective three-dimensional forming method which can efficiently form a three-dimensional object of a material having a reinforcing substance.

The selective three-dimensional molding method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises providing a molding powder, providing a carbonized substance, and further forming a mixed powder; irradiating and heating at least a part of the mixed powder to a predetermined temperature by using a light beam to partially mix the powder The material of the shaped powder infiltrates the carbonized material, which in turn cools and solidifies into a three-dimensional object.

In an embodiment of the invention, when the material of the molding powder is at a predetermined temperature, the adhesion of the material of the molding powder to the carbonized material is greater than the cohesive force of the material of the molding powder.

In an embodiment of the invention, when the three-dimensional object is cured, it further comprises removing the uncured mixed powder.

In an embodiment of the invention, before the beam is irradiated and heated to partially heat the powder, the preheating of the mixed powder is further performed by using a preheating stage.

In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the carbonized material comprises carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphite, graphene, carbon 60 (C60), aluminum carbide (Aluminium). Carbide or silicon carbide (SiC).

In an embodiment of the present invention, prior to the above carbonaceous material is provided, further comprising a carbonized substance is milled down to a particle size of 10 nm (nanometer, nm) to 50 microns (micrometer, μ m) range powder .

In an embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the volume of the above-mentioned carbonized material in the mixed powder does not exceed 0.5.

In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the molding powder comprises aluminum, titanium, magnesium, nickel, copper, aluminum oxide (I) oxide, Al ₂ O, zirconium dioxide (Zirconium dioxide, ZrO ₂ ), sulphur dioxide (SiO ₂ ) or a mixture of at least two of the above.

In an embodiment of the invention, the predetermined temperature is higher than a melting temperature or a sintering temperature of the material of the molding powder, and the predetermined temperature is lower than a melting temperature of the material of the carbonized material.

In an embodiment of the invention, the difference between the predetermined temperature and the melting temperature or the sintering temperature of the material of the molded powder falls within a range of 50 to 2500 degrees Celsius.

Based on the above, since the selective three-dimensional molding method of the embodiment of the present invention allows the molding powder in the mixed powder to infiltrate the carbonized substance by irradiation of the light beam, it is possible to efficiently form a three-dimensional object having a material of the carbonized substance.

The above described features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description.

1 is a flow chart showing a selective three-dimensional forming method in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 1, a selective three-dimensional molding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention can process a mixed powder having a molded powder and a carbonized substance. The selective three-dimensional molding method of the present embodiment includes providing a molding powder, providing a carbonized substance, and further forming a mixed powder of the molding powder and the carbonized substance. Briefly, the selective three-dimensional molding method of the present embodiment first provides a mixed powder S11 formed of a molded powder and a carbonized substance.

2A and 2B are schematic views of a selective three-dimensional molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A, the selective three-dimensional molding method of the first embodiment of the present invention can be applied to, for example, the selective three-dimensional molding apparatus 100, wherein the selective three-dimensional molding apparatus includes a working stage 110 and a powder supply module. 120, the light source 130 and the clearing module 140.

In the selective three-dimensional molding method of the present embodiment, the mixed powder 121 formed of the molded powder and the carbonized substance is supplied onto the work stage 110. The mixed powder 121 on the work stage 110 is sprayed onto the work stage 110 in the direction d1 by the drum type powder supply module 120, for example, and the mixed powder 121 is molded by premixing. The powder and the carbonized substance are formed, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the mixed powder 121 may be a powder supply module having a nozzle, and the powder supply module may sequentially provide a molding powder and a carbonized substance, thereby forming a mixed powder 121 on the working stage 110. The present invention is not limited to the above-described manner of providing the mixed powder.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2B, the selective three-dimensional molding method of the first embodiment of the present invention irradiates and heats the mixed powder S12 with a light beam after the mixed powder S11 is supplied. In detail, after the mixed powder 121 is supplied onto the work stage 110, the light source 130 supplies the light beam L to illuminate and heat the partially mixed powder 121A, thereby causing the partial powder 121A to be heated, that is, provided by the light source 130. The light beam L is used to selectively heat the partially mixed powder 121A.

The above-described light source 130 is, for example, a light source adapted to provide a laser beam, and the light beam L supplied thereto can be absorbed by the mixed powder 121 to further heat the mixed powder to a predetermined temperature, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described light source. In other embodiments, the light source may more be a light source adapted to provide a beam of light that is absorbed and heated by the mixed powder.

Referring to Fig. 1, a selective three-dimensional molding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention then heats the mixed powder to a predetermined temperature so that the material of the molded powder in the partially mixed powder infiltrates the carbonized substance S13.

In detail, FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mixed powder of the embodiment of the present invention at a predetermined temperature. Fig. 3 is a view for illustrating the relative relationship of the mixed powder of the embodiment of the present invention at a predetermined temperature, which is not intended to limit the state of the mixed powder of the present invention at a predetermined temperature. In the present embodiment, the shaped powder 123 in the mixed powder 121 is melted or sintered into a liquid state during heating, and the material of the heated shaped powder 123 infiltrates the carbonized substance 125. In other words, the contact angle α between the material of the heated molding powder 123 and the surface of the carbonized material 125 is less than 90 degrees, preferably less than 20 degrees, so that the material of the heated molding powder 123 has good wetting. The wettability can be favorably adhered to the carbonized substance 125, and the materials of the carbonized substance 125 and the molded powder 123 can be well mixed.

In other words, when the material of the molding powder 123 described above is at a predetermined temperature, the adhesion of the material of the molding powder 123 to the carbide material 125 is greater than the cohesive force of the material of the molding powder 123, so that the material of the molding powder 123 can be good. The carbonized material 125 is infiltrated.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2B, after the mixed powder is heated to a predetermined temperature S13, the heated partially mixed powder 121A is further cooled and solidified into a three-dimensional object S14. Since the selective three-dimensional molding method of the present embodiment allows the above-mentioned partially mixed powder 121A to be heated to a predetermined temperature before cooling molding, the carbonized material in the partially mixed powder 121A and the shaped powder can be well mixed, and then borrowed. The three-dimensional object solidified and stacked layer by layer by the movement of the work stage 110 along the direction d2 can have good material properties.

Since the selective three-dimensional molding method of the present embodiment allows the molding of the three-dimensional object and the doping of the carbonized substance to be simultaneously performed, the formation efficiency of the three-dimensional object having the carbonized substance is greatly improved.

In detail, in the embodiment, the material of the carbonized substance includes carbon fiber, carbon tube, graphite, graphene, carbon 60, aluminum carbide or tantalum carbide, and the proportion of the volume of the carbonized substance in the mixed powder is not When it exceeds 0.5, the formed powder in the mixed powder can be well immersed in the carbonized substance at a predetermined temperature, and the three-dimensional object formed after the subsequent cooling and solidification can also have a good material.

On the other hand, the material of the molding powder of the present embodiment includes aluminum, titanium, magnesium, nickel, copper or a mixture of at least two of the above metal materials, and the predetermined temperature is higher than the melting temperature of the metal materials. And lower than the melting point temperature of the material of the carbonized material. Therefore, referring to FIG. 3, by continuously heating the beam after the molding powder 123 is melted, the wettability of the material of the molten molding material 123 to the carbonized material 125 is also increased, and since the carbonized substance 125 is scheduled The temperature is still in a solid state, and the liquid material of the molten shaped powder 123 can be attached to the surface of the carbonized substance 125. Further, the difference between the predetermined temperature and the melting point temperature of the material of the molding powder 123 falls within a range of 50 to 2500 degrees Celsius, so that when the mixed powder 121 is heated to a predetermined temperature, the molding powder can be obtained well. The carbonized material is infiltrated, so that the carbonized material can be well doped into the mixed powder 121, and the material properties of the formed three-dimensional object can be adjusted.

The selective three-dimensional molding method of the present embodiment is, for example, doping a carbonized substance having a metal material into a three-dimensional object by selective laser sintering, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In other embodiments, the material of the molding powder may further comprise a mixture of at least two of aluminum oxide, zirconium dioxide, cerium oxide or the above ceramic materials, and the ceramic material having a predetermined temperature higher than the molding powder. The sintering temperature is lower than the melting point temperature of the material of the carbonized material. Therefore, the wettability of the material of the molded material after heating to the sintering temperature is also increased, and since the carbonized substance is still in a solid state at a predetermined temperature, the liquid material of the molded powder can be attached to the surface of the carbonized substance. . Further, the difference between the predetermined temperature and the sintering temperature of the material of the molded powder falls within a range of 50 to 2500 degrees Celsius, so that when the mixed powder is heated to a predetermined temperature, the formed powder can be well wetted and carbonized. The substance, in turn, allows the carbonized substance to be well doped into the mixed powder and adjust the material properties of the formed three-dimensional object.

Since the melting temperature of the above-mentioned carbonized substance is substantially higher than the melting point temperature or the sintering temperature of the above-mentioned forming powder, that is, after the forming powder is heated to a liquid state, a large amount of heated mixed powder is required to allow the carbonized substance to be obtained. Melting, the light beam can be suitably made to impregnate the carbonized material with the material of the liquid forming powder which is present in the liquid material without being melted.

4 is a flow chart showing a selective three-dimensional molding method of a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the selective three-dimensional molding method first grinds the carbonized material S21 and then grinds the carbonized material to the mixed powder S22 formed by molding the powder and the carbonized substance. The particle size falls within the range of 10 nm to 50 microns. Therefore, when the mixed powder is heated to the predetermined temperature S25, the carbonized material can be more efficiently infiltrated by the material of the molded powder.

On the other hand, referring to FIG. 4, before the mixed powder of the present embodiment is irradiated with a light beam and heated to S24, the mixed powder can be preheated to a preheating temperature by a preheating stage. The preheating temperature is close to the melting temperature or the sintering temperature of the molding powder, so that the temperature of the mixed powder to be solidified before curing is small, and the formation efficiency and yield of the three-dimensional object can be further improved. Further, referring to FIG. 2A together, the selective three-dimensional forming method of the present embodiment can be applied to the selective three-dimensional forming apparatus 100, and the mixed powder 121 can be used, for example, by a preheating stage on the work stage 110. The preheating 112, the mixed powder 121 preheated to the preheating temperature is then heated by the light beam L emitted from the light source 130.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, after the three-dimensional object is solidified S26, the three-dimensional object can be obtained by removing the uncured mixed powder S27. Referring to FIG. 2B together, the cleaning module 140 in the selective three-dimensional molding apparatus 100 can remove the uncured mixed powder 121 on the working stage 110 by, for example, sucking or ejecting gas, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional object.

In summary, the selective three-dimensional forming method of the embodiment of the present invention selectively heats the mixed powder to a predetermined temperature by irradiation of a light beam, and the material of the formed powder at a predetermined temperature can infiltrate the carbonized substance. Further, the material of the molding powder is well mixed with the carbonized material, and the mixed powder is heated and solidified to be a three-dimensional object. Therefore, a three-dimensional object having a material having a carbonized material can be efficiently formed. On the other hand, since the selective three-dimensional molding method of the embodiment of the present invention can selectively infiltrate the carbonized material of the material of the molding powder, the entire molding powder and the carbonized material are not processed, thereby greatly reducing the time. And energy consumption.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

‧‧‧‧ angle
D1, d2‧‧‧ direction
L‧‧‧beam
S11~S27‧‧‧Steps
100‧‧‧Selective three-dimensional forming device
110‧‧‧Working platform
112‧‧‧Preheating stage
120‧‧‧ powder supply module
121, 121A‧‧‧ mixed powder
123‧‧‧Formed powder
125‧‧‧Carbide
130‧‧‧Light source
140‧‧‧Clearing module

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a flow chart showing a selective three-dimensional forming method in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention. 2A and 2B are schematic views of a selective three-dimensional molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a mixed powder of a preferred embodiment of the present invention at a predetermined temperature. Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a selective three-dimensional molding method of a second embodiment of the present invention.

S11~S14‧‧‧Steps

Claims (10)

A selective three-dimensional forming method comprising: providing a shaped powder; providing a carbonized substance, the shaped powder and the carbonized substance forming a mixed powder; and irradiating and heating a part of the mixed powder to a predetermined temperature by using a light beam, The material of the shaped powder in the partially mixed powder infiltrates the carbonized substance, thereby cooling and solidifying into a three-dimensional object. The selective three-dimensional molding method according to claim 1, wherein when the material of the molding powder is at the predetermined temperature, the adhesion of the material of the molding powder to the carbonized material is greater than the material of the molding powder. Cohesion. The selective three-dimensional molding method according to claim 1, wherein after the three-dimensional object is cured, the uncured mixed powder is further removed. The selective three-dimensional forming method according to claim 1, wherein the irradiating and heating the portion of the powder further comprises preheating the mixed powder by using a preheating stage. The selective three-dimensional molding method according to claim 1, wherein the material of the carbonized material comprises carbon fiber, carbon tube, graphite, graphene, carbon 60, aluminum carbide or tantalum carbide. The selective three-dimensional molding method according to claim 1, wherein before the providing of the carbonized material, the carbonized material is further ground to a powder having a particle size ranging from 10 nm to 50 μm. The selective three-dimensional molding method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the volume of the carbonized substance in the mixed powder does not exceed 0.5. The selective three-dimensional molding method according to claim 1, wherein the material of the molding powder comprises aluminum, titanium, magnesium, nickel, copper, aluminum oxide, zirconium dioxide, cerium oxide or at least the above The second of the mix. The selective three-dimensional molding method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined temperature is higher than a melting temperature or a sintering temperature of a material of the molding powder, and lower than a melting temperature of a material of the carbonized material. The selective three-dimensional molding method according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the predetermined temperature and the melting temperature or the sintering temperature of the material of the molding powder falls within a range of 50 to 2500 degrees Celsius.