TW201622198A - Light emitting device, electrode structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A light emitting device including a substrate, a first electrode structure, an organic light emitting structure and a second electrode structure is provided. The first electrode structure includes a first transparent conductive layer, a patterned conductive layer and a second transparent conductive layer disposed on the substrate in sequence, so that the patterned conductive layer is interposed between the second transparent conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer in a thickness direction of the substrate. The organic light emitting structure and the second electrode structure are disposed on the substrate, and the organic light emitting structure is located between the first electrode structure and the second electrode structure in the thickness direction of the substrate. An electrode structure and a manufacturing method thereof are also provided.

Description

Light-emitting element, electrode structure and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to a light-emitting element, an electrode structure, and a method of fabricating the same.

Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) components are characterized by thin thickness; all solid-state components, good shock resistance, and can adapt to harsh environments; mainly self-illuminating, so there is almost no viewing angle problem. Thereby, the organic light-emitting device to which the organic light-emitting diode element is applied has multiple advantages. For example, the organic light-emitting device is a diffused light-emitting surface light source, so that the light emitted by the light-emitting device is soft and has a light and thin appearance. Furthermore, if the organic light-emitting device is fabricated using a flexible substrate, it can be changed into a different shape. Further, if the organic light-emitting device employs a transparent electrode, the light transmittance of the organic light-emitting device is glass-like when it is not illuminated. Therefore, the illumination application range of the organic light-emitting device can be more extensive than other illumination technologies.

Furthermore, the organic light emitting diode element is a current driving element, which is generally used as an anode and a cathode by two layered transparent electrodes to drive the light emitting layer sandwiched therein to emit light, but The type of anode and cathode is not limited to a transparent electrode. Taking a transparent electrode as an example, with the organic light-emitting device As the area increases, the impedance value of the transparent electrode may increase as the distance increases. This will cause the organic light-emitting device to emit light unevenly, thereby locally generating thermal energy and affecting the life of the organic light-emitting device. Thereby, in order to improve the impedance value of the transparent electrode, an auxiliary electrode may be additionally disposed above one of the transparent electrodes (for example, the lower transparent electrode), thereby improving the light-emitting efficiency (for example, uniformity of light emission) of the organic light-emitting diode element.

However, the auxiliary electrode is usually a metal wire/metal mesh disposed on the lower transparent electrode by a printing process, so that the surface roughness is too high. This will cause the light-emitting layer disposed on the lower transparent electrode and the auxiliary electrode to be unevenly distributed or broken at the auxiliary electrode, so that the auxiliary electrode penetrates the upper transparent electrode through the break of the light-emitting layer to cause a short circuit. Therefore, it is also practiced to arrange an insulating layer on the auxiliary electrode to prevent the auxiliary electrode from contacting the light emitting layer.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a light-emitting element, which can reduce the impedance value of the electrode structure and the short-circuit probability, and can improve the light-emitting area and the light-emitting efficiency.

Embodiments of the present invention provide an electrode structure and a manufacturing method thereof, which can reduce the impedance value of the electrode structure and the short circuit probability.

A light emitting device according to an embodiment of the invention includes a substrate, a first electrode structure, an organic light emitting structure, and a second electrode structure. The first electrode structure is disposed on the substrate, and includes a first transparent conductive layer, a patterned conductive layer, and a second transparent conductive layer. The first transparent conductive layer is disposed on the substrate. The patterned conductive layer is disposed on the first transparent conductive layer. The second transparent conductive layer is disposed on the patterned conductive layer and the first On the transparent conductive layer, the patterned conductive layer is interposed between the second transparent conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer in a thickness direction of the substrate. The organic light emitting structure is disposed on the substrate. The second electrode structure is disposed on the substrate, and the organic light emitting structure is located between the first electrode structure and the second electrode structure in the thickness direction of the substrate.

The electrode structure of an embodiment of the invention is disposed on a substrate, and includes a first transparent conductive layer, a patterned conductive layer and a second transparent conductive layer. The first transparent conductive layer is disposed on the substrate. The patterned conductive layer is disposed on the first transparent conductive layer. The second transparent conductive layer is disposed on the patterned conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer, wherein the patterned conductive layer is interposed between the second transparent conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer in a thickness direction of the substrate.

The method for fabricating an electrode structure according to an embodiment of the invention is suitable for forming an electrode structure on a substrate, comprising the steps of: forming a first transparent conductive layer on the substrate. A patterned conductive layer is formed on the first transparent conductive layer, and the patterned conductive layer is formed by a printing process. Forming a second transparent conductive layer on the patterned conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer, wherein the patterned conductive layer is interposed between the second transparent conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer in a thickness direction of the substrate.

Based on the above, in the light-emitting element, the electrode structure and the manufacturing method thereof, the patterned conductive layer is disposed on the first transparent conductive layer to reduce the impedance value of the electrode structure, and the second transparent conductive layer is disposed in the patterning On the conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer, the patterned conductive layer is interposed between the second transparent conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer in the thickness direction of the substrate to improve the flatness of the electrode structure, thereby avoiding the light-emitting element A short circuit is generated. Furthermore, the light-emitting element can also be transparent by the second The conductivity of the conductive layer enhances its light-emitting area and light-emitting efficiency. Accordingly, the light-emitting element, the electrode structure and the manufacturing method thereof of the embodiment of the invention can reduce the impedance value of the electrode structure and the short-circuit probability, and the light-emitting element can thereby enhance the light-emitting area and the light-emitting efficiency.

In order to make the invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are set forth below.

1, 1'‧‧‧Lighting elements

100, 100a, 100b, 100c‧‧‧ lighting units

102‧‧‧Substrate

110, 110a, 110b, 110c‧‧‧ first electrode structure

1102‧‧‧First transparent conductive layer

1104, 1104a, 1104b, 1104c, 1104d, 1104e‧‧‧ patterned conductive layer

1106, 1106a‧‧‧Second transparent conductive layer

1108‧‧‧Insulation

120‧‧‧Organic light-emitting structure

121‧‧‧First carrier injection layer

122‧‧‧First carrier transport layer

123‧‧‧Second carrier barrier

124‧‧‧Lighting layer

125‧‧‧First carrier barrier

126‧‧‧Second carrier transport layer

127‧‧‧Second carrier injection layer

130‧‧‧Second electrode structure

140, 150‧‧‧Encapsulation layer

C1, C2‧‧‧ arc angle

D1, d2‧‧‧ thickness

D1‧‧‧ thickness direction

I1, I2, I3‧‧‧ insulation pattern

L1, L2, L3‧‧‧ linear pattern

O, OA, OB, OC, OD, OE‧‧‧ openings

P1‧‧‧ top

P2, P3‧‧‧ side

PL‧‧‧ line spacing

R‧‧‧ area

S1104, S1106, S1108‧‧‧ outer surface

WL‧‧‧ line width

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a light-emitting element according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a light-emitting element according to another embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic view of the light emitting unit of FIG. 1.

4 is a schematic diagram of a light emitting unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5A is an enlarged schematic view of the first electrode structure of FIG. 3. FIG.

Figure 5B is a cross-sectional microstructure view of the patterned conductive layer of Figure 5A.

6 and 7 are schematic views of a light emitting unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

8A-8E are various top plan views of the patterned conductive layer of FIG.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a light-emitting element according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 , in the embodiment, the light emitting element 1 includes a substrate 102 , a first electrode structure 110 , an organic light emitting structure 120 , and a second electrode structure 130 . The first electrode structure 110 is disposed on the substrate 102. The organic light emitting structure 120 is disposed on the substrate 102. Second electrode The structure 130 is disposed on the substrate 102 , and the organic light emitting structure 120 is located between the first electrode structure 110 and the second electrode structure 130 in the thickness direction D1 of the substrate 102 . In other words, the organic light emitting structure 120 is interposed between the first electrode structure 110 and the second electrode structure 130. 1 , the first electrode structure 110 and the second electrode structure 130 are illustrated as a single structural layer, but in fact, it may also be a composite structural layer (such as the first electrode structure 110 illustrated in FIG. 3 ). Thereby, the first electrode structure 110 and the second electrode structure 130 can serve as an anode and a cathode, respectively, for driving the organic light emitting structure 120 to emit light, and the first electrode structure 110, the organic light emitting structure 120 and the first The two-electrode structure 130 can constitute the light-emitting unit 100 disposed on the substrate 102.

Specifically, in the embodiment, the substrate 102 is, for example, a flexible substrate, for example, polyimide, PI, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(diphenylene). Made of polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) or other suitable soft materials. However, in other embodiments not shown, the substrate may also be made of glass or other hard materials. Alternatively, the substrate 102 may also be a composite substrate made of a multilayer organic material and/or an inorganic material having a water-blocking gas function to have a water-blocking gas function, and the present invention does not limit the type and composition of the substrate 102.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the light-emitting element 1 further uses the encapsulation layer 140 as a water-blocking oxygen structure. The encapsulation layer 140 is disposed on the substrate 102 and encapsulates the first electrode structure 110 , the organic light emitting structure 120 and the second electrode structure 130 together with the substrate 102 . Similarly, please refer to FIG. 2, in which FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light-emitting element according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the light-emitting element 1' and the aforementioned illumination The element 1 has a similar structure, the main difference being that the light-emitting element 1' further includes an encapsulation layer 150. The encapsulation layer 150 is disposed between the substrate 102 and the first electrode structure 110 , and encapsulates the first electrode structure 110 , the organic light emitting structure 120 and the second electrode structure 130 together with the encapsulation layer 140 . The encapsulation layer 150 includes at least one layer of organic material and/or at least one layer of inorganic material. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the composition and configuration of the encapsulation layers 140 and 150.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in the embodiment, the organic light emitting structure 120 includes a first carrier injection layer 121 and a first carrier transmission sequentially disposed from the first electrode structure 110 to the second electrode structure 130 . a carrier transmission layer 122, a second carrier blocking layer 123, an emission layer 124, a first carrier blocking layer 125, a second carrier transport layer 126, and a second carrier injection Layer 127. The first carrier and the second carrier are different types of carriers, for example, the first carrier is a hole, and the second carrier is an electron, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be according to requirements. Adjustment. However, in other embodiments not shown, the organic light emitting structure may include only the foregoing light emitting layer 124, and the first carrier insulating layer 121, the first carrier transport layer 122, and the second carrier are omitted. The barrier layer 123, the first carrier blocking layer 125, the second carrier transport layer 126, and the second carrier injection layer 127 do not limit the composition of the organic light emitting structure 120 in the embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic diagram of the light emitting unit of FIG. 1 , wherein FIG. 3 illustrates the organic light emitting structure 120 and the second electrode structure 130 of the light emitting unit 100 as a single structural layer, but it may actually be a composite structural layer (as shown in FIG. 1 ). The organic light emitting structure 120). Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, in the embodiment, the first electrode structure 110 is a composite structure. A layer that is adapted to be disposed on substrate 102 (shown in FIG. 1). The first electrode structure 110 includes a first transparent conductive layer 1102, a patterned conductive layer 1104, and a second transparent conductive layer 1106. The first transparent conductive layer 1102 is disposed on the substrate 102. The patterned conductive layer 1104 is disposed on the first transparent conductive layer 1102. The second transparent conductive layer 1106 is disposed on the patterned conductive layer 1104 and the first transparent conductive layer 1102. The patterned conductive layer 1104 is inserted into the second transparent conductive layer 1106 and the first transparent conductive layer in the thickness direction D1 of the substrate 102. Between layers 1102. In other words, the patterned conductive layer 1104 can be viewed as being sandwiched between the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106. Thereby, the patterned conductive layer 1104 can be covered by the second transparent conductive layer 1106 such that the patterned conductive layer 1104 does not contact the organic light emitting structure 120 disposed between the first electrode structure 110 and the second electrode structure 130.

In the present embodiment, the first transparent conductive layer 1102 may be made of a transparent conductive material. The transparent conductive material may be a metal oxide such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc tin oxide (zinc tin oxide). ZTO), zinc oxide (ZnO) or other suitable materials, or conductive polymers, such as polythiophene, poly 3,4-dioxyethylthiophene (poly-3) , 4-ethylenedioxythiophene, PEDOT) or other suitable materials. In addition, the first transparent conductive layer 1102 can also be a carbon nanotube (CNT), a graphene, a nano-wire, such as a nano silver wire, a nano gold wire, or a nano wire. A non-transparent conductive material such as a platinum wire or a metal mesh is used to form a first transparent conductive layer 1102 having a fine structure (such as a wire diameter). It is transparent. In addition, the first transparent conductive layer 1102 can also be composited by using a plurality of the above conductive materials to form a composite structural layer. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the material and composition of the first transparent conductive layer 1102. Preferably, the first transparent conductive layer 1102 can be made of indium tin oxide to cover the transparent conductive layer of the substrate 102, so that the first transparent conductive layer 1102 has a lower surface roughness, and the patterned conductive layer 1104 is formed. .

Moreover, in the present embodiment, the patterned conductive layer 1104 is made of a conductive material having conductivity, and preferably, the conductivity of the patterned conductive layer 1104 is superior to that of the first transparent conductive layer 1102. The material of the patterned conductive layer 1104 can be a metal material, such as copper, silver, platinum, or molybdenum, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. Since the patterned conductive layer 1104 has good conductivity, the arrangement of the patterned conductive layer 1104 helps to improve the conductivity of the first transparent conductive layer 1102, thereby reducing the impedance value of the first electrode structure 110. Thereby, the patterned conductive layer 1104 can be regarded as an auxiliary electrode of the first transparent conductive layer 1102.

In the present embodiment, the patterned conductive layer 1104 includes a plurality of linear patterns, such as the linear patterns L1, L2, and L3 shown in FIG. The line patterns L1, L2, and L3 are distributed on the first transparent conductive layer 1102, and the opening O can be defined. The ratio of the line width WL of each of the line patterns L1, L2, and L3 to the line pitch PL (or the arrangement period of the line patterns L1, L2, and L3) between the line patterns L1, L2, and L3 It is larger than 1/500, even larger than 1/300, and the line width WL of each of the line patterns L1, L2, L3 is less than 200 micrometers (μm), and preferably, the line width is 30 μm. By this, by multiple The patterned conductive layer 1104 composed of the linear patterns L1, L2, L3 may constitute a grid conductive layer or a mesh conductive layer (shown in subsequent FIGS. 8A to 8E). The linear patterns L1, L2, and L3 constituting the patterned conductive layer 1104 are uniformly distributed on the first transparent conductive layer 1102, so that the first transparent conductive layer 1102 has uniform electrical transmission efficiency, contributing to the light-emitting unit 100/lighting. Element 1 has a uniform luminous efficiency. However, the position and arrangement of the linear patterns L1, L2, and L3 can be adjusted according to requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the present embodiment, the patterned conductive layer 1104 as the auxiliary electrode is composed of a non-transparent metal material, but it may be composed of a plurality of linear patterns L1, L2, L3 distributed on the first transparent conductive layer 1102, and The opening O is defined by the line patterns L1, L2, L3, so that the patterned conductive layer 1104 is visually transparent and allows light emitted by the organic light emitting structure 120 to pass through the patterned conductive layer 1104. However, even if the patterned conductive layer 1104 is provided to help lower the impedance value of the first electrode structure 110 to improve the light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting unit 100 / the light-emitting element 1, and the opening O on the patterned conductive layer 1104 allows light to pass, the pattern The conductive layer 1104 may still have an influence on the uniformity of the luminous efficiency. For example, the light-emitting unit 100 / the light-emitting element 1 corresponds to the light-emitting efficiency at the linear patterns L1, L2, L3 is lower than the light-emitting unit 100 / the light-emitting element 1 corresponds to the opening O The light output efficiency. In addition, the patterned conductive layer 1104 is usually printed on the first transparent conductive layer 1102 by a printing process, so that the surface roughness of the patterned conductive layer 1104 is high. Therefore, if the organic light emitting structure 120 is directly disposed on the patterned conductive layer 1104 and the first transparent conductive layer 1102, it is possible that the organic light emitting structure 120 is at a surface roughness corresponding to the patterned conductive layer 1104. High and uneven distribution or even fracture. This will cause the first electrode structure 110 to contact the second electrode structure 130 by breaking the patterned conductive layer 1104, thereby causing the light-emitting unit 100/light-emitting element 1 to short-circuit. Thereby, the embodiment further adopts the design of the second transparent conductive layer 1106 to improve the above situation.

Specifically, in the embodiment, the second transparent conductive layer 1106 may be made of a material similar to the first transparent conductive layer 1102, and the materials thereof may be the same or different, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. Preferably, the second transparent conductive layer 1106 can be made of indium tin oxide to cover the transparent conductive layer of the patterned conductive layer 1104, so that the second transparent conductive layer 1106 has a lower surface roughness. More specifically, the thickness d1 of the second transparent conductive layer 1106 in the thickness direction D1 of the substrate 102 is less than or equal to the thickness d2 of the first transparent conductive layer 1102 in the thickness direction D1. In addition, in this embodiment, the light transmission rate of each of the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 is greater than 70%, and may be greater than 80% due to the selection of the process type. Furthermore, the impedance of each of the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 is less than 100 ohms/unit area (ohm/sq), and may be less than 50 ohms/unit area or less than 15 ohms/unit area. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Therefore, after the second transparent conductive layer 1106 is disposed on the first transparent conductive layer 1102, the total light transmittance of the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 is smaller than the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second. The light transmittance of each of the transparent conductive layers 1106 and the first transparent conductive layer 1106 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 are smaller than the respective impedance values of the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106.

In addition, in the embodiment, in order to insert the patterned conductive layer 1104 between the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 in the thickness direction D1 without contacting the organic light emitting structure 120, the second transparent conductive Layer 1106 covers the entire patterned conductive layer 1104. Thereby, the second transparent conductive layer 1106 contacts the first transparent conductive layer 1102. For example, the second transparent conductive layer 1106 contacts the first transparent conductive layer 1102 through the opening O of the patterned conductive layer 1104 to package the patterned conductive layer 1104. Covered in it. Thereby, the width of the second transparent conductive layer 1106 is greater than the width of the patterned conductive layer 1104 (for example, the line width WL), that is, the coverage of the second transparent conductive layer 1106 needs to be larger than the coverage of the patterned conductive layer 1104. For example, in this embodiment, the coverage of the second transparent conductive layer 1106 is greater than the coverage of the patterned conductive layer 1104, and is substantially equal to the coverage of the first transparent conductive layer 1102, so the second transparent conductive layer 1106 The patterned conductive layer 1104 can be covered. Thereby, the second transparent conductive layer 1106 and the first transparent conductive layer 1102 can form a blanket, and the patterned conductive layer 1104 is encapsulated therein.

However, please refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a light emitting unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the main difference between the second transparent conductive layer 1106a used in the first electrode structure 110a in the light emitting unit 100a and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 is that the second transparent conductive layer 1106 is The layered structure, and the second transparent conductive layer 1106a of the present embodiment is composed of a plurality of linear patterns. Thereby, the coverage of the second transparent conductive layer 1106a is smaller than the coverage of the first transparent conductive layer 1102, but it is still larger than the coverage of the patterned conductive layer 1104, and may correspond to the linear pattern covering the entire patterned conductive layer 1104. L1, L2, L3. in this way, The second transparent conductive layer 1106a can also contact the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and form a cover layer with the first transparent conductive layer 1102 to encapsulate the patterned conductive layer 1104 therein.

FIG. 5A is an enlarged schematic view showing the structure of the first electrode of FIG. 3, that is, an enlarged schematic view of the first electrode structure of the region R in FIG. Figure 5B is a cross-sectional microstructure view of the patterned conductive layer of Figure 5A. Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, in the embodiment, since the patterned conductive layer 1104 is generally formed by printing a conductive material on the first transparent conductive layer 1102 by a printing process, conductive materials having different particle diameters are formed. The patterned conductive layer 1104 composed of the material particles (as shown in FIG. 5B) has a high surface roughness. In other words, the patterned conductive layer 1104 can be regarded as a stack of a plurality of conductive material particles by a printing process, and has an uneven surface. Generally, the appearance of the patterned conductive layer 1104 is, for example, height, thickness, or surface roughness depending on the speed of the printing process, the viscosity of the conductive material, the curing temperature, or other process conditions. In the printing process, the line width of the patterned conductive layer 1104 is positively correlated with the thickness under the same parameter conditions. That is, as the line width of the patterned conductive layer 1104 increases, the thickness of the patterned conductive layer 1104 also increases, and vice versa.

As described above, since the surface roughness of the patterned conductive layer 1104 is high, if the organic light emitting structure 120 is directly disposed on the patterned conductive layer 1104 to contact the patterned conductive layer 1104, it is possible to make the organic light emitting structure 120 Corresponding to the uneven distribution or fracture at the patterned conductive layer 1104, the first electrode structure 110 is short-circuited by contacting the second electrode structure 130 at the break of the patterned conductive layer 1104. Therefore, in the embodiment, the second transparent conductive layer 1106 covers the entire patterning The conductive layer 1104 further partitions the patterned conductive layer 1104 from the organic light emitting structure 120. Moreover, the surface roughness of the second transparent conductive layer 1106 relative to the outer surface S1106 of the substrate 102 is smaller than the surface roughness of the patterned conductive layer 1104 relative to the outer surface S1104 of the substrate 102, and the thickness d1 of the second transparent conductive layer 1106 Preferably, it is larger than the surface roughness of the patterned conductive layer 104, as shown in FIG. 5A, wherein FIG. 5A is an enlarged schematic view of the first electrode structure 110 of FIG. Thereby, the arrangement of the second transparent conductive layer 1106 can reduce the surface roughness of the first electrode structure 110 for contacting the surface of the organic light emitting structure 120 (ie, the outer surface S1106), while avoiding the first electrode structure 110 and the second electrode structure. 130 generates a short circuit.

Furthermore, in the present example, the cross-section of each of the linear patterns of the patterned conductive layer 1104 (the linear pattern L1 of FIG. 5A is taken as an example) in the thickness direction D1 of the substrate 102 includes a top portion P1 and both side portions P2, P3. The two side portions P2, P3 are substantially connected to opposite sides of the top portion P1 by corresponding two arc angles C1, C2, respectively. In other words, the top portion P1 of the linear pattern L1 of the patterned conductive layer 1104 is inclined at an oblique angle to the side portion P2, and is connected to each other at an arc angle C1. The top P1 and the side P3 are also the same. However, in other embodiments not shown, the two side portions P2 and P3 may be connected to opposite sides of the top portion P1 by corresponding two sharp corners, respectively, and the invention is not limited thereto. Further, each side portion P2, P3 of the linear pattern L1 of the patterned conductive layer 1104 is sharply angled with its bottom portion (portion contacting the first transparent conductive layer 1102). The structural features described above result from the formation of the patterned conductive layer 1104 using a printing process. If the patterned conductive layer is subjected to a development etching process, the side and bottom portions thereof should be perpendicular or acute.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the first electrode structure 110 is designed as The composite structural layer, in addition to reducing its impedance (achieved by configuring the patterned conductive layer 1104) and the short circuit probability (by arranging the second transparent conductive layer 1106), due to the first transparent conductive layer 1102, the patterned conductive layer 1104 and The second transparent conductive layer 1106 has good conductivity, and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 contacts the first transparent conductive layer 1102, so that each region of the second transparent conductive layer 1106 can receive the same as the first transparent conductive layer 1102. The voltage value allows the respective regions of the organic light emitting structure 120 to be uniformly driven by the first electrode structure 110, thereby having a uniform light emitting effect. Therefore, the light-emitting unit 100/light-emitting element 1 adopting the first electrode structure 110 in this embodiment can also enhance the light-emitting area thereof and have uniform light-emitting efficiency.

Based on the above, the present embodiment further provides a method for fabricating an electrode structure, which is suitable for forming an electrode structure (such as the first electrode structure 110 described above) on the substrate 102. The method includes the following steps: First, forming a first transparent conductive layer 1102 On the substrate 102. Next, a patterned conductive layer 1104 is formed on the first transparent conductive layer 1102, and the patterned conductive layer 1104 is formed by a printing process. The step of forming the patterned conductive layer 1104 on the first transparent conductive layer 1102 includes forming a plurality of line patterns L1, L2, and L3 on the first transparent conductive layer 1102, and defining the line patterns L1, L2, and L3. Exit O. In addition, since the patterned conductive layer 1104 is formed by a printing process, in the step of forming the line patterns L1, L2, and L3 on the first transparent conductive layer 1102, the respective line patterns L1, L2, and L3 are on the substrate 102. The cross section in the thickness direction D1 includes a top portion P1 and two side portions P2, P3, and the two side portions P2, P3 are substantially connected to the top portion P1 by corresponding two arc angles C1, C2 or two sharp corners not shown. The opposite sides.

Finally, after the patterned conductive layer 1104 is formed on the first transparent conductive layer 1102, a second transparent conductive layer 1104 is further formed on the patterned conductive layer 1104 and the first transparent conductive layer 1102, wherein the patterned conductive layer 1104 is on the substrate. The thickness direction D1 of the 102 is interposed between the second transparent conductive layer 1106 and the first transparent conductive layer 1102, and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 is defined by the linear patterns L1, L2, and L3 of the patterned conductive layer 1104. The opening O contacts the first transparent conductive layer 1102. For a description of the structure and material of the substrate 102, the first transparent conductive layer 1102, the patterned conductive layer 1104 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106, reference may be made to the foregoing description, and no further details are provided herein. Thereby, the electrode structure having the above-described structural features (such as the aforementioned first electrode structure 110) can be formed on the substrate 102, and then used to form the light-emitting unit 100 and the light-emitting element 1 (shown in FIG. 1).

6 and 7 are schematic views of a light emitting unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6 , in the present embodiment, the main difference between the light emitting unit 100 b and the foregoing light emitting unit 100 (shown in FIG. 3 ) is that the first electrode structure 110 b of the light emitting unit 100 b further includes an insulating layer 1108 . The insulating layer 1108 is disposed on the patterned conductive layer 1104 and corresponds to the patterned conductive layer 1104. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the insulating layer 1108 is disposed between the patterned conductive layer 1104 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 such that the insulating layer 1108 corresponds to the patterned conductive layer 1104. In other words, the first transparent conductive layer 1102, the patterned conductive layer 1104, the insulating layer 1108, and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 are sequentially disposed on the substrate 102 along the thickness direction D1 of the substrate 102. Thereby, the patterned conductive layer 1104 can be regarded as being interposed between the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the insulating layer 1108 in the thickness direction D1 of the substrate 102 to make the first transparent conductive The layer 1102 and the insulating layer 1108 are coated with the patterned conductive layer 1104, and the patterned conductive layer 1104 and the insulating layer 1108 can be regarded as being interposed between the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 in the thickness direction D1. The first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 are coated with the patterned conductive layer 1104 and the insulating layer 1108.

Moreover, in this embodiment, the width of the insulating layer 1108 needs to be larger than the width of the patterned conductive layer 1104, that is, the coverage of the insulating layer 1108 needs to be larger than the coverage of the patterned conductive layer 1104 to encapsulate the patterned conductive layer 1104. among them. In addition, the surface roughness of the insulating layer 1108 relative to the outer surface S1108 of the substrate 102 is smaller than the surface roughness of the patterned conductive layer 1104 relative to the outer surface S1104 of the substrate 102. Therefore, the arrangement of the insulating layer 1108 can also improve the patterned conductive layer. 1104 Short circuit problem caused by poor surface roughness. In addition, the thickness d1 of the second transparent conductive layer 1106 is preferably greater than the surface roughness of the outer surface S1108 of the insulating layer 1108. Therefore, the arrangement of the second transparent conductive layer 1106 can reduce the first electrode structure 110b for contacting the organic light emitting structure 120. The surface roughness of the surface (ie, the outer surface S1106) prevents the first electrode structure 110b from being short-circuited with the second electrode structure 130.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the insulating layer 1108 is made of an insulating material having no conductivity, so that the organic light-emitting structure 120 cannot be illuminated at a corresponding position by electrical transmission. Thereby, the insulating layer 1108 is preferably also formed into a plurality of insulating patterns I1, I2, I3. The positions and shapes of the insulating patterns I1, I2, and I3 substantially correspond to the line patterns L1, L2, and L3 of the patterned conductive layer 1104, but the widths of the insulating patterns I1, I2, and I3 are larger than the line patterns L1 and L2. The width of L3 is such that the insulating patterns I1, I2, and I3 can cover the line patterns L1, L2, and L3 and contact the first transparent conductive Layer 1102, in which patterned conductive layer 1104 is encapsulated. In addition, the first transparent conductive layer 1102 is exposed between the insulating patterns I1, I2, and I3 of the insulating layer 1108, so that the second transparent conductive layer 1106 can directly contact the first transparent conductive layer 1102. Thereby, even if the insulating layer 1108 does not have conductivity, the periphery thereof corresponds to the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 (surrounded by the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106), and still With electrical transmission function. In this way, each region of the first electrode structure 110b has good electrical transmission efficiency, so that the light emitting unit 100b using the first electrode structure 110b and the light emitting element 1 (shown in FIG. 1) using the light emitting unit 100b can be improved accordingly. Its light-emitting area has a uniform light-emitting efficiency.

Based on the above, the embodiment also provides a method for fabricating an electrode structure (for example, the first electrode structure 110b), which is similar to the method for fabricating the first electrode structure 100 described above. The main difference is that the embodiment further includes the following steps: forming The insulating layer 1108 is on the patterned conductive layer 1104, and the insulating layer 1108 corresponds to the patterned conductive layer 1104. The step of forming the insulating layer 1108 on the patterned conductive layer 1104 is after the step of forming the patterned conductive layer 1104 on the first transparent conductive layer 1102, and forming the second transparent conductive layer 1106 on the patterned conductive layer 1104. Before the step on the first transparent conductive layer 1102. Thereby, the first transparent conductive layer 1102, the patterned conductive layer 1104, the insulating layer 1108 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 are sequentially formed on the substrate 102 along the thickness direction D1 of the substrate 102, so that the patterned conductive layer 1104 is in the thickness direction. D1 is interposed between the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the insulating layer 1108, and the patterned conductive layer 1104 and the insulating layer 1108 are interposed in the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 in the thickness direction D1. between. About the first transparent guide For a description of the structure of the electrical layer 1102, the patterned conductive layer 1104, the insulating layer 1108, and the second transparent conductive layer 1106, reference may be made to the foregoing, and no further details are provided herein.

Similarly, referring to FIG. 7, in the present embodiment, the light emitting unit 100c has a similar structure to the foregoing light emitting unit 100b (shown in FIG. 6), the main difference is that the insulating layer 1108 of the first electrode structure 110c is disposed at The second transparent conductive layer 1106 is between the organic light emitting structure 120. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the insulating layer 1108 is disposed over the second transparent conductive layer 1106, and the insulating layer 1108 corresponds to the patterned conductive layer 1104. Thereby, the first transparent conductive layer 1102, the patterned conductive layer 1104, the second transparent conductive layer 1106 and the insulating layer 1108 are sequentially disposed on the substrate 102 in the thickness direction D1, so that the patterned conductive layer 1104 is inserted in the thickness direction D1. The first transparent conductive layer 1102 is disposed between the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106, and the insulating layer 1108 is interposed between the second transparent conductive layer 1106 and the organic light emitting structure 120 in the thickness direction D1 and corresponds to the patterned conductive layer. 1104, and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 and the first transparent conductive layer 1102 cover the patterned conductive layer 1104. For a description of the structure of the first transparent conductive layer 1102, the patterned conductive layer 1104, the insulating layer 1108, and the second transparent conductive layer 1106, reference may be made to the foregoing, and no further details are provided herein.

Based on the above, the embodiment also provides a method for fabricating an electrode structure (for example, the first electrode structure 110c), which is similar to the method for fabricating the first electrode structure 100b described above, and the main difference is that the insulating layer 1108 is formed on the patterned conductive layer. The step on 1104 is after the step of forming the second transparent conductive layer 1106 on the patterned conductive layer 1104 and the first transparent conductive layer 1102. Thereby, the first transparent conductive layer 1102, the patterned conductive layer 1104, the second transparent conductive layer 1106 and the insulating layer 1108 are along the substrate. The thickness direction D1 of the 102 is sequentially formed on the substrate 102, so that the patterned conductive layer 1104 is interposed between the first transparent conductive layer 1102 and the second transparent conductive layer 1106 in the thickness direction D1, and the insulating layer 1108 is in the thickness direction. D1 is interposed between the second transparent conductive layer 1106 and the organic light emitting structure 120. For a description of the structure of the first transparent conductive layer 1102, the patterned conductive layer 1104, the insulating layer 1108, and the second transparent conductive layer 1106, reference may be made to the foregoing, and no further details are provided herein. 8A-8E are various top plan views of the patterned conductive layer of FIG. Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 8A, in the present embodiment, the patterned conductive layer 1104a is formed as described above by a plurality of linear patterns L1, L2, and L3 (shown in FIG. 3), and is presented in a plan view. The grid is shaped to define a plurality of openings OA that are strip-shaped and arranged in parallel. In contrast, in the embodiment of FIG. 8B, the patterned conductive layer 1104b assumes a mesh in a top view, and defines a plurality of openings OB that are rectangular and arrayed. Similarly, in the embodiment of FIG. 8C, the patterned conductive layer 1104c assumes a grid shape in a top view, while defining a plurality of openings OC that are triangular and arrayed. In the embodiment of FIG. 8D, the patterned conductive layer 1104d assumes a grid shape in a top view, and defines a plurality of openings OD that exhibit a diamond shape and are arranged in an array. In the embodiment of FIG. 8E, the patterned conductive layer 1104e assumes a grid shape in a plan view, and defines a plurality of openings OE that are hexagonal and arrayed. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the arrangement of the linear patterns in the patterned conductive layer, which can be formed through a printing process according to requirements, and defines an opening of a desired shape according to requirements.

In summary, in the light-emitting element, the electrode structure and the manufacturing method thereof, the patterned conductive layer is disposed on the first transparent conductive layer to reduce electricity. The second transparent conductive layer is disposed on the patterned conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer, so that the patterned conductive layer is inserted into the second transparent conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer in the thickness direction of the substrate. Between the layers, the flatness of the electrode structure is raised to prevent short-circuiting of the light-emitting elements. In addition, since the second transparent conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer are in contact with each other, so that each region of the first electrode structure has good electrical transmission efficiency, the light-emitting element (using the electrode structure having the above design) can also be used The conductivity of the second transparent conductive layer enhances its light-emitting area and light-emitting efficiency. Accordingly, the light-emitting element, the electrode structure and the manufacturing method thereof according to the embodiments of the present invention can reduce the impedance value of the electrode structure and the short-circuit probability, and the light-emitting element can thereby increase the light-emitting area and the light-emitting efficiency thereof.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

100‧‧‧Lighting unit

110‧‧‧First electrode structure

1102‧‧‧First transparent conductive layer

1104‧‧‧ patterned conductive layer

1106‧‧‧Second transparent conductive layer

120‧‧‧Organic light-emitting structure

130‧‧‧Second electrode structure

D1, d2‧‧‧ thickness

D1‧‧‧ thickness direction

L1, L2, L3‧‧‧ linear pattern

O‧‧‧ openings

PL‧‧‧ line spacing

R‧‧‧ area

WL‧‧‧ line width

Claims (23)

A light-emitting element comprising: a substrate; a first electrode structure disposed on the substrate, comprising: a first transparent conductive layer disposed on the substrate; a patterned conductive layer disposed on the first transparent conductive layer And a second transparent conductive layer disposed on the patterned conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer, wherein the patterned conductive layer is interposed in the second transparent direction in a thickness direction of the substrate Between the conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer; an organic light emitting structure disposed on the substrate; and a second electrode structure disposed on the substrate, wherein the organic light emitting structure is located in the thickness direction of the substrate The first electrode structure is between the second electrode structure. The light-emitting element of claim 1, wherein the second transparent conductive layer contacts the first transparent conductive layer. The illuminating device of claim 1, wherein the patterned conductive layer comprises a plurality of linear patterns, the linear patterns defining at least one opening, the second transparent conductive layer contacting the opening through the opening A transparent conductive layer. The light-emitting element of claim 3, wherein a cross section of each of the linear patterns in the thickness direction of the substrate comprises a top portion and two side portions. The two side portions are substantially connected to opposite sides of the top portion at corresponding two arc angles or two sharp corners, respectively. The light-emitting element of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the second transparent conductive layer in the thickness direction of the substrate is less than or equal to a thickness of the first transparent conductive layer in the thickness direction. The illuminating element of claim 1, wherein the second transparent conductive layer covers the entire patterned conductive layer. The illuminating device of claim 1, wherein a surface roughness of the second transparent conductive layer relative to an outer surface of the substrate is smaller than a surface of the patterned conductive layer relative to an outer surface of the substrate Roughness. The light-emitting element of claim 1, wherein the first electrode structure further comprises an insulating layer disposed between the patterned conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer. The light-emitting element of claim 1, wherein the first electrode structure further comprises an insulating layer disposed between the second transparent conductive layer and the organic light-emitting structure. An electrode structure, configured to be disposed on a substrate, comprising: a first transparent conductive layer disposed on the substrate; a patterned conductive layer disposed on the first transparent conductive layer; and a second transparent conductive layer And disposed on the patterned conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer, wherein the patterned conductive layer is interposed between the second transparent conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer in a thickness direction of the substrate. The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the second transparent conductive layer contacts the first transparent conductive layer. The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the patterned conductive layer comprises a plurality of line patterns, the line patterns defining at least one opening, the second transparent conductive layer contacting the opening through the opening A transparent conductive layer. The electrode structure of claim 12, wherein a cross section of each of the linear patterns in the thickness direction of the substrate comprises a top portion and two side portions, wherein the two side portions are substantially corresponding to two An arc angle or two sharp corners are attached to opposite sides of the top. The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a thickness of the second transparent conductive layer in the thickness direction of the substrate is less than or equal to a thickness of the first transparent conductive layer in the thickness direction. The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein the second transparent conductive layer covers the patterned conductive layer. The electrode structure of claim 10, wherein a surface roughness of the second transparent conductive layer relative to an outer surface of the substrate is smaller than a surface of the patterned conductive layer relative to an outer surface of the substrate Roughness. The electrode structure of claim 10, further comprising an insulating layer disposed between the patterned conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer. The electrode structure of claim 10, further comprising an insulating layer disposed between the second transparent conductive layer and the organic light emitting structure. A method for fabricating an electrode structure, comprising: forming an electrode structure on a substrate, comprising: forming a first transparent conductive layer on the substrate; forming a patterned conductive layer on the first transparent conductive layer, and the pattern The conductive layer is formed by a printing process; and a second transparent conductive layer is formed on the patterned conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer, wherein the patterned conductive layer is interposed in a thickness direction of the substrate The second transparent conductive layer is between the first transparent conductive layer. The method for fabricating an electrode structure according to claim 19, wherein the step of forming the patterned conductive layer on the first transparent conductive layer comprises forming a plurality of linear patterns on the first transparent conductive layer, The line patterns define at least one opening such that the second transparent conductive layer contacts the first transparent conductive layer through the opening. The method for fabricating an electrode structure according to claim 20, wherein in the step of forming the line patterns on the first transparent conductive layer, each of the line patterns is in the thickness direction of the substrate A cross section includes a top portion and two side portions that are substantially connected to opposite sides of the top portion by respective two arc angles or two sharp corners. The method for fabricating an electrode structure according to claim 19, further comprising forming an insulating layer on the patterned conductive layer, wherein the step of forming the insulating layer on the patterned conductive layer forms the second transparent A conductive layer precedes the step of patterning the conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer. The method for fabricating an electrode structure according to claim 19, further comprising forming an insulating layer on the patterned conductive layer, wherein the step of forming the insulating layer on the patterned conductive layer forms the second transparent a conductive layer is disposed after the step of patterning the conductive layer and the first transparent conductive layer.