TW201620454A - Bone fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

A bone fixing device includes a fixing rod, at least one first bone nail and at least one second bone nail. The first bone nail has a first fixed end and a first fastened end opposite to each other, wherein the first fixed end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the first fastened end is fastened to a first bone. The second bone nail has a second fixed end and a second fastened end opposite to each other, wherein the second fixed end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the second fastened end is fastened to a second bone. The material of the fixing rod includes shape memory alloy and the fixing rod is deformed due to temperature variation, so as to drive the second fastened end to move relatively to the first fastened end.

Description

Bone fixation device

This invention relates to a fixation device and, more particularly, to a bone fixation device.

In the field of orthopedic medicine, there are many kinds of medical methods for fractures, and it is common to use bone fixation devices such as bone nails and bone plates to fix broken bones at the fracture site. In recent years, the way of breaking bones at fixed fractures has been developed from the past to a completely fixed-type dynamic fixed type, which allows micro-motion at the bone cross-section to stimulate the bone fracture by the force generated by micro-motion. Bone cell growth and healing at the surface.

In the case of a lower limb fracture in the human body, since the lower limb needs to bear the weight of the human body, the pressing force can be generated at the fracture section of the lower limb by the weight of the human body. However, the force of the upper limbs of the human body is different from the force of the lower limbs of the human body. The upper limbs of the human body do not need to bear the weight of the human body, so it is impossible to use the weight of the human body to press the upper limb bone section to promote the healing of the broken bone. Therefore, how to generate compression force at the fracture section without using the weight of the human body is an important research topic in the field of orthopedics.

The present invention provides a bone fixation device capable of generating a compressive force at a fracture section by deformation of a fixed rod.

The bone fixation device of the present invention comprises a fixing rod, at least one first bone nail and at least one second bone nail. The first bone nail has a first fixed end and a first locking end, wherein the first fixed end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the first locking end is locked to a first bone. The second bone nail has a second fixed end and a second locking end, wherein the second fixed end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the second locking end is locked to a second bone. The material of the fixing rod includes a shape memory alloy (SMA) and the fixing rod generates a deformation by a temperature change, and drives the second locking end to generate a displacement with respect to the first locking end.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second locking end is displaced in a single direction relative to the first locking end by deformation of the fixing rod.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second locking end is moved toward the first locking end by deformation of the fixing rod to shorten the distance between the first locking end and the second locking end.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second locking end is away from the first locking end by deformation of the fixing rod to increase the distance between the first locking end and the second locking end.

In an embodiment of the invention, the fixed rod is deformed from a straightened state to a bent state by a temperature change.

In an embodiment of the invention, the fixing rod is integrally formed.

In an embodiment of the invention, the fixing rod is made of a shape memory alloy only in a partial section.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second locking end is moved by 1 to 10 mm with respect to the first locking end by deformation of the fixing rod.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second locking end is moved by 3 to 5 mm with respect to the first locking end by deformation of the fixing rod.

In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the fixing rod comprises a nickel-titanium alloy.

Based on the above, in the bone fixation device of the present invention, the material of the fixing rod includes a shape memory alloy, and the fixing rod has the ability to deform with temperature changes. According to this, after the first bone nail and the second bone nail are fixed to the fixing rod and respectively locked to the first bone and the second bone, the fixing rod can be appropriately deformed by using the temperature change, thereby driving the second nail. Displacement of the second locking end of the nail relative to the first locking end of the first nail, such that the first bone locked by the first locking end and the second bone locked by the second locking end The force is generated, and the force is used to stimulate the growth and healing of the bone cells at the bone cross section, or to promote the increase in the length of the bone.

The above described features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description.

50, 50’‧‧‧ first bone

60, 60’‧‧‧Second skeleton

100, 200, 300, 400‧‧‧ bone fixation devices

110, 210, 310, 410‧‧‧ fixed rod

120, 220, 320, 420‧‧‧ first bone nail

120a, 220a, 320a, 420a‧‧‧ first fixed end

120b, 220b, 320b, 420b‧‧‧ first lock attachment end

130, 230, 330, 430‧‧‧ second bone nail

130a, 230a, 330a, 430a‧‧‧ second fixed end

130b, 230b, 330b, 430b‧‧‧ second lock end

D, D’‧‧‧ directions

F‧‧‧Compressive force

F’‧‧‧Expansion

1 shows a bone fixation device for fixing a first bone according to an embodiment of the invention And the second bone.

FIG. 2 illustrates the deformation of the fixing rod of FIG. 1 as a function of temperature.

FIG. 3 illustrates the deformation of the fixing rod according to another embodiment of the present invention as a function of temperature.

FIG. 4 illustrates a deformation of a fixing rod according to another embodiment of the present invention as a function of temperature.

FIG. 5 illustrates a bone fixation device for fixing a first bone and a second bone according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 illustrates the deformation of the fixing rod of FIG. 5 as a function of temperature.

FIG. 1 illustrates a bone fixation device for fixing a first bone and a second bone according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 1 , the bone fixation device 100 of the present embodiment includes a fixing rod 110 , at least one first bone nail 120 (shown as two) and at least one second bone nail 130 (shown as two). Each of the first nails 120 has a first fixed end 120a and a first locking end 120b, wherein the first fixed end 120a is fixed to the fixing rod 110, and the first locking end 120b is locked to a first bone. 50. Each of the second nails 130 has a second fixed end 130a and a second locking end 130b. The second fixed end 130a is fixed to the fixing rod 110, and the second locking end 130b is locked to a second bone. 60. In other embodiments, the plurality of bone fixation devices 100 are used to secure the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 as desired, and the invention is not limited thereto.

In the present embodiment, the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 are, for example, two broken bones adjacent to each other. The first bone 50 and the second bone can be made by the locking of the first bone nails 120 by the first bone nails 120 and the locking of the second bone nails 130 to the second bones 60. 60 fixed to each other. Further, the material of the fixing rod 110 includes a shape memory alloy (such as a nickel-titanium alloy) and the fixing rod 110 can be deformed by a temperature change, and the second locking end 130b of each second nail 130 is driven relative to each The first locking end 120b of the bone nail 120 is displaced, so that the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 are pressed against each other by the displacement of each of the second locking ends 130b relative to the first locking ends 130a to promote Healing at the skeletal section. The following is specifically illustrated by the drawings.

FIG. 2 illustrates the deformation of the fixing rod of FIG. 1 as a function of temperature. After the first bone nails 120 and the second bone nails 130 are fixed to the fixing rod 110 as shown in FIG. 1 and respectively locked to the first bone 50 and the second bone 60, the shape memory can be included by using the temperature change. The fixing rod 110 of the alloy generates a suitable deformation amount as shown in FIG. 2, so that the second locking end 130b of each second nail 130 is deformed toward the first locking end of the first bone nail 120 by the deformation of the fixing rod 110. The 120b is moved to shorten the distance between the first locking end 120b and the second locking end 130b.

In a state where the fixing rod 110 is not deformed as shown in FIG. 1, for example, there is a slight gap between the first bone 50 and the second bone 60. As shown in FIG. 2, the distance between the first locking end 120b and the second locking end 130b is shortened by the deformation of the fixing rod 110, so that the first skeleton 50 and the first locking portion 120b are locked. The second bone 60 locked by the second locking end 130b is closely engaged to generate a compressive force F between the first bone 50 and the second bone 60, and thereby the compressive force F stimulates the growth of bone cells at the bone cross section and Heal.

In the present embodiment, the fixing rod 110 including the shape memory alloy is, for example, stretched in the lower temperature state by the shape memory training, as shown in FIG. And it becomes a curved state shown in FIG. 2 in a higher temperature state (such as a normal human body temperature) by a temperature change. In other embodiments, the fixed rod 110 may have other deformed states at other temperatures by shape memory training, which is not limited by the present invention. Memory training for shape memory alloys is known in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

Since the fixing rod 110 is deformed by the shape memory property of the shape memory alloy, rather than the elastic deformation of the general elastic body, the second locking end 130b is deformed relative to the first locking end 120b by the fixing rod 110. Produces a displacement in a single direction D instead of producing a bidirectional displacement. That is, the second locking end 130b does not move away from the first locking end 120b in a direction opposite to the direction D, but the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 can continuously provide a pressing force F to each other to promote the bone fracture. Healing at the face. In the present embodiment, the second locking end 130b can be moved by 1 to 10 mm, preferably 3 to 5 mm, in the direction D relative to the first locking end by deformation of the fixing rod 110, for example. In other embodiments, the second latching end can have other suitable ranges of displacements, which are not limited by the present invention.

The first bone 50 and the second bone 60 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are, for example, broken bones of two upper limbs adjacent to each other, and are pressed against each other by deformation of the nail as described above. In other embodiments, the bone fixation device 100 can be applied to other types of bones and used to cause relative displacement of the bone in other directions, which is not limited by the present invention.

In the present embodiment, the fixing rod 110 is, for example, an integrally formed shape memory alloy structure. In other embodiments, the fixed rod 110 can be designed to be only a partial section The material is a shape memory alloy, which is not limited by the present invention. In addition, the present invention does not limit the shape of the fixed rod 110 after deformation, and the fixing rod 110 may be deformed into an M-shape as shown in FIG. 2, and may be deformed into other suitable shapes, which will be exemplified by the following figures.

FIG. 3 illustrates the deformation of the fixing rod according to another embodiment of the present invention as a function of temperature. In the bone fixation device 200 of FIG. 3, the fixing rod 210, the first bone nail 220, the first fixed end 220a, the first locking end 220b, the second bone nail 230, the second fixed end 230a, and the second locking end The configuration and function of the 230b are similar to the fixing rod 110 of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the first bone nail 120, the first fixed end 120a, the first locking end 120b, the second bone nail 130, the second fixed end 130a, and the first The configuration and mode of action of the second locking end 130b will not be described herein. The bone fixation device 200 differs from the bone fixation device 100 in that the fixation rod 210 is adapted to be deformed into an S-shape as shown in FIG. 3 as a function of temperature.

FIG. 4 illustrates a deformation of a fixing rod according to another embodiment of the present invention as a function of temperature. In the bone fixation device 300 of FIG. 4, the fixing rod 310, the first bone nail 320, the first fixed end 320a, the first locking end 320b, the second bone nail 330, the second fixed end 330a, and the second locking end 330b is configured and operated in a manner similar to the fixing rod 110 of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the first bone nail 120, the first fixed end 120a, the first locking end 120b, the second bone nail 130, and the second fixed end 130a, The configuration and mode of action of the second locking end 130b will not be described herein. The bone fixation device 300 differs from the bone fixation device 100 in that the fixation rod 310 is adapted to be deformed into a C-shape as shown in FIG. 4 as a function of temperature.

FIG. 5 illustrates a bone fixation device for fixing a first bone and a second bone according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 illustrates the deformation of the fixing rod of FIG. 5 as a function of temperature. In the bone fixation device 400 shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the fixing rod 410, each of the first nails 420, each of the first fixed ends 420a, each of the first locking ends 420b, each of the second nails 430, and each of the first The two fixing ends 430a and the second locking ends 430b are arranged similarly to the fixing rod 110, the first nails 120, the first fixing ends 120a, the first locking ends 120b, and the first The arrangement of the two nails 130, the second fixed ends 130a, and the second locking ends 130b will not be described herein. The bone fixation device 400 differs from the bone fixation device 100 in that the bone fixation device 400 is applied, for example, to an orthopedic correction surgery (e.g., augmentation surgery) and corrects bones 50', 60' such as vertebrae, as described in detail below.

The fixing rod 410 including the shape memory alloy is, for example, a curved state shown in FIG. 5 in a lower temperature state by shape memory training. After the first bone nails 420 and the second bone nails 430 are fixed to the fixing rod 410 as shown in FIG. 5 and respectively locked to the first bone 50' and the second bone 60', the temperature change can be used to include The fixing rod 410 of the shape memory alloy is stretched as shown in FIG. 6 so that the second locking end 430b of each second nail 430 is away from the first nail 420 by the deformation of the fixing rod 410. The first locking end 420b increases the distance between the first locking end 420b and the second locking end 430b. As shown in FIG. 6, by increasing the distance between the first locking end 420b and the second locking end 430b by deformation of the fixing rod 410, the first bone 50' locked by the first locking end 420b can be An expansion force F' is generated between the second bones 60' locked by the second locking end 430b to the first bone 50 and the second bone A slight amount of gap increase between 60 increases the length of the bone.

Since the fixing rod 410 is deformed by the shape memory property of the shape memory alloy, rather than the elastic deformation of the general elastic body, the second locking end 430b is deformed relative to the first locking end 420b by the fixing rod 410. Produces a displacement in a single direction D' instead of producing a bidirectional displacement. That is, the second locking end 430b does not move in the direction opposite to the direction D' toward the first locking end 420b, but the first bone 50' and the second bone 60' can continuously provide the expansion force F to each other. 'And promote the increase in bone length.

In summary, in the bone fixation device of the present invention, the material of the fixing rod includes a shape memory alloy, and the fixing rod has the ability to deform with temperature changes. According to this, after the first bone nail and the second bone nail are fixed to the fixing rod and respectively locked to the first bone and the second bone, the fixing rod can be appropriately deformed by using the temperature change, thereby driving the second nail. Displacement of the second locking end of the nail relative to the first locking end of the first nail, such that the first bone locked by the first locking end and the second bone locked by the second locking end The force is generated, and the force is used to stimulate the growth and healing of the bone cells at the bone cross section, or to promote the increase in the length of the bone.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

50‧‧‧First bone

60‧‧‧Second bone

100‧‧‧Bone fixation device

110‧‧‧Fixed rod

120‧‧‧First bone nail

120a‧‧‧first fixed end

120b‧‧‧first lock attachment end

130‧‧‧Second bone nail

130a‧‧‧Second fixed end

130b‧‧‧Second lock end

D‧‧‧ Direction

F‧‧‧Compressive force

Claims (10)

A bone fixing device includes: a fixing rod; at least one first nail having an opposite first fixing end and a first locking end, wherein the first fixing end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the first The locking end is attached to a first bone; and the at least one second nail has an opposite second fixing end and a second locking end, wherein the second fixing end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the first The second locking end is attached to a second bone, wherein the material of the fixing rod comprises a shape memory alloy and the fixing rod generates a deformation by a temperature change, and the second locking end is driven relative to the first locking The end produces a displacement. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second locking end produces the displacement in a single direction relative to the first locking end by the deformation of the fixing rod. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second locking end is moved toward the first locking end by the deformation of the fixing rod to shorten the first locking end and the first The distance between the two ends of the lock. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second locking end is away from the first locking end by the deformation of the fixing rod to increase the first locking end and the second The distance between the ends of the lock. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the fixation The rod is deformed from a straightened state to a bent state by the temperature change. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the fixing rod is integrally formed. The bone fixation device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing rod is made only of a partial section of a shape memory alloy. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second locking end is moved by 1 to 10 mm relative to the first locking end by the deformation of the fixing rod. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second locking end is moved by 3 to 5 mm with respect to the first locking end by the deformation of the fixing rod. The bone fixation device according to claim 1, wherein the material of the fixing rod comprises a nickel-titanium alloy.