TW201620453A - Bone fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

A bone fixing device includes a fixing rod, at least one first bone nail and at least one second bone nail. The first bone nail has a first fixed end and a first fastened end opposite to each other, wherein the first fixed end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the first fastened end is fastened to a first bone. The second bone nail has a second fixed end and a second fastened end opposite to each other, wherein the second fixed end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the second fastened end is fastened to a second bone. The material of the second bone nail includes shape memory alloy and the second bone nail is deformed due to temperature variation, so as to drive the second fastened end to move relatively to the first fastened end.

Description

Bone fixation device

This invention relates to a fixation device and, more particularly, to a bone fixation device.

In the field of orthopedic medicine, there are many kinds of medical methods for fractures, and it is common to use bone fixation devices such as bone nails and bone plates to fix broken bones at the fracture site. In recent years, the way of breaking bones at fixed fractures has been developed from the past to a completely fixed-type dynamic fixed type, which allows micro-motion at the bone cross-section to stimulate the bone fracture by the force generated by micro-motion. Bone cell growth and healing at the surface.

In the case of a lower limb fracture in the human body, since the lower limb needs to bear the weight of the human body, the pressing force can be generated at the fracture section of the lower limb by the weight of the human body. However, the force of the upper limbs of the human body is different from the force of the lower limbs of the human body. The upper limbs of the human body do not need to bear the weight of the human body, so it is impossible to use the weight of the human body to press the upper limb bone section to promote the healing of the broken bone. Therefore, how to generate compression force at the fracture section without using the weight of the human body is an important research topic in the field of orthopedics.

The present invention provides a bone fixation device that can generate a compressive force at a fracture section by deformation of a bone nail.

The bone fixation device of the present invention comprises a fixing rod, at least one first bone nail and at least one second bone nail. The first bone nail has a first fixed end and a first locking end, wherein the first fixed end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the first locking end is locked to a first bone. The second bone nail has a second fixed end and a second locking end, wherein the second fixed end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the second locking end is locked to a second bone. The material of the second bone nail comprises a shape memory alloy (SMA) and the second nail generates a deformation by a temperature change, and drives the second locking end to generate a displacement relative to the first locking end.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second locking end is displaced in a single direction relative to the first locking end by deformation of the second bone nail.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second locking end is moved to the first locking end by deformation of the second bone nail to shorten the distance between the first locking end and the second locking end. .

In an embodiment of the invention, the second locking end is away from the first locking end by deformation of the second bone nail to increase the distance between the first locking end and the second locking end.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second bone nail is deformed from a straightened state to a bent state by a temperature change.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second bone nail is integrally formed.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second bone nail comprises a first assembly and a second assembly, the second fixed end is located at the first component, and the second locking end is located at the second component, the first The material of the component is a shape memory alloy.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second locking end is moved by 1 to 10 mm relative to the first locking end by deformation of the second bone nail.

In an embodiment of the invention, the second locking end is moved by 3 to 5 mm with respect to the first locking end by deformation of the second bone nail.

In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the second bone nail comprises a nickel titanium alloy.

Based on the above, in the bone fixation device of the present invention, the material of the second bone nail includes a shape memory alloy, and the second bone nail has the ability to deform with temperature changes. According to this, after the first bone nail and the second bone nail are fixed to the fixing rod and respectively locked to the first bone and the second bone, the second bone nail can be appropriately deformed by using the temperature change, thereby driving The second locking end of the second nail is displaced relative to the first locking end of the first nail, such that the first bone locked by the first locking end and the second bone locked by the second locking end The forces between the bones are used to stimulate the growth and healing of bone cells at the bone section or to promote the increase in bone length.

The above described features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description.

50, 50’‧‧‧ first bone

60, 60’‧‧‧Second skeleton

100,200‧‧‧ bone fixation device

110, 210‧‧‧ fixed rod

120, 220‧‧‧ first bone nail

120a, 220a‧‧‧ first fixed end

120b, 220b‧‧‧ first lock attachment end

130, 230‧‧‧ second bone nail

130a, 230a‧‧‧ second fixed end

130b, 230b‧‧‧second lock end

132, 232‧‧‧ first component

134, 234‧‧‧ second component

D, D’‧‧‧ directions

F‧‧‧Compressive force

F’‧‧‧Expansion

FIG. 1 illustrates a bone fixation device for fixing a first bone and a second bone according to an embodiment of the invention.

2 illustrates the second bone nail of FIG. 1 deformed as a function of temperature.

FIG. 3 illustrates a specific structure of the second bone nail of FIG. 1.

4A and 4B illustrate a flow of installation of the bone fixation device of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 illustrates a bone fixation device for fixing a first bone and a second bone according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 illustrates the second bone nail of FIG. 5 deformed as a function of temperature.

FIG. 1 illustrates a bone fixation device for fixing a first bone and a second bone according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 1 , the bone fixation device 100 of the present embodiment includes a fixing rod 110 , at least one first bone nail 120 (shown as two) and at least one second bone nail 130 (shown as two). Each of the first nails 120 has a first fixed end 120a and a first locking end 120b, wherein the first fixed end 120a is fixed to the fixing rod 110, and the first locking end 120b is locked to a first bone. 50. Each of the second nails 130 has a second fixed end 130a and a second locking end 130b. The second fixed end 130a is fixed to the fixing rod 110, and the second locking end 130b is locked to a second bone. 60. In other embodiments, the plurality of bone fixation devices 100 are used to secure the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 as desired, and the invention is not limited thereto.

In the present embodiment, the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 are, for example, two broken bones adjacent to each other. The first bone nail 50 is locked by the first bone nails 120 and each The attachment of the second nail 130 to the second bone 60 allows the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 to be fixed to each other. Further, the material of each of the second nails 130 includes a shape memory alloy (such as a nickel-titanium alloy) and each of the second nails 130 can be deformed by a temperature change to drive the second binding of each of the second nails 130. The end 130b is displaced relative to the first locking end 120b of each of the first nails 120, so that the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 are displaced relative to the first locking ends 130a by the second locking ends 130b. They oppress each other to promote healing at the bone section. The following is specifically illustrated by the drawings.

2 illustrates the second bone nail of FIG. 1 deformed as a function of temperature. After the first bone nails 120 and the second bone nails 130 are fixed to the fixing rod 110 as shown in FIG. 1 and respectively locked to the first bone 50 and the second bone 60, the shape memory can be included by using the temperature change. The second nails 130 of the alloy are appropriately deformed as shown in FIG. 2, so that the second locking end 130b of each second nail 130 is deformed toward the first bone nail 120 by the deformation of the second bone nail 130. The first locking end 120b moves to shorten the distance between the first locking end 120b and the second locking end 130b.

In a state where the second nail 130 is not deformed as shown in FIG. 1, for example, there is a slight gap between the first bone 50 and the second bone 60. The first bone 50 that is locked by the first locking end 120b can be shortened by shortening the distance between the first locking end 120b and the second locking end 130b by deformation of the second bone nail 130 as shown in FIG. A pressing force F is generated between the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 in close contact with the second bone 60 locked by the second locking end 130b, and thereby the compressive force F is used to stimulate the bone cells at the bone cross section. Growing and healing. In other embodiments, each of the first nails 120 may also include a shape memory alloy material and deform in a manner similar to each of the second nails 130. The invention is not limited thereto.

In the present embodiment, each of the second nails 130 including the shape memory alloy is, for example, subjected to shape memory training to a straight state as shown in FIG. 1 in a lower temperature state, and is in a higher temperature state by temperature change. (such as the normal temperature of the human body) becomes the curved state shown in Fig. 2. In other embodiments, each of the second nails 130 may have other deformation states at other temperatures by shape memory training, which is not limited by the present invention. Memory training for shape memory alloys is known in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

Since the second bone nails 130 are deformed by the shape memory property of the shape memory alloy, rather than the elastic deformation of the general elastic body, the second locking end 130b is deformed by the deformation of the second bone nail 130. A locking attachment end 120b produces a displacement in a single direction D rather than a bidirectional displacement. That is, the second locking end 130b does not move away from the first locking end 120b in a direction opposite to the direction D, but the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 can continuously provide a pressing force F to each other to promote the bone fracture. Healing at the face. In the present embodiment, the second locking end 130b can be moved by 1 to 10 mm, preferably 3 to 5 mm, in the direction D relative to the first locking end by deformation of the second nail 130, for example. In other embodiments, the second latching end can have other suitable ranges of displacements, which are not limited by the present invention.

The first bone 50 and the second bone 60 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are, for example, broken bones of two upper limbs adjacent to each other, and are pressed against each other by deformation of the nail as described above. In other embodiments, the bone fixation device 100 can be applied to other types of bones and used to cause relative displacement of the bone in other directions, which the present invention does not limit.

FIG. 3 illustrates a specific structure of the second bone nail of FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , each of the second nails 130 of the present embodiment includes a first component 132 and a second component 134 . The second fixed end 130 a is located at the first component 132 and the second component is attached. End 130b is located in second component 134. The first component 132 is made of a shape memory alloy to be deformed with temperature changes as shown in FIG. 2, and the second component 134 is made of a non-shape memory alloy material such as stainless steel, titanium metal or aluminum alloy. Screw lock.

4A and 4B illustrate a flow of installation of the bone fixation device of FIG. 1. In the process of installing the bone fixation device 100 in the bone, for example, the two fractured bones (ie, the first bone 50 and the second bone 60) which are fractured as shown in FIG. 4A are first reset to the position shown in FIG. 4B, and The first bone nail 120 and the second component 134 are respectively locked to the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 as shown in FIG. 4B. Next, a first component 132 comprising a shape memory alloy is assembled to the second component 134 as shown in FIG. 1 to enable the second bone pin 130 to be deformed by its first component 132 as shown in FIG. In other embodiments, the second bone nail can be an integrally formed shape memory alloy structure, and the bone fixation device can be installed according to other suitable procedures, which is not limited by the present invention.

FIG. 5 illustrates a bone fixation device for fixing a first bone and a second bone according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 illustrates the second bone nail of FIG. 5 deformed as a function of temperature. In the bone fixation device 200 shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the fixing rod 210, the first bone nails 220, the first fixed ends 220a, the first locking ends 220b, the first components 232, and the second parts are respectively The assembly 234, the second nails 230, the second fixed ends 230a, and the second locks The attachment end 230b is configured similarly to the fixing rod 110, the first bone nails 120, the first fixed ends 120a, the first locking ends 120b, the first components 132, and the second components 134 shown in FIG. The arrangement of each of the second nails 130, the second fixed ends 130a, and the second locking ends 130b will not be described herein. The bone fixation device 200 differs from the bone fixation device 100 in that the bone fixation device 200 is applied, for example, to an orthopedic correction surgery (e.g., augmentation surgery) and corrects bones 50', 60' such as vertebrae, as described in detail below.

The first component 232 of each of the second nails 230 including the shape memory alloy is, for example, a curved state shown in FIG. 5 in a lower temperature state by shape memory training. After the first bone nails 220 and the second bone nails 230 are fixed to the fixing rod 210 as shown in FIG. 5 and respectively locked to the first bone 50' and the second bone 60', the temperature change can be used to include The first component 232 of each of the second bone nails 230 of the shape memory alloy is appropriately stretched as shown in FIG. 6 so that the second locking end 230b of each second nail 230 is passed by the second bone nail 230. The deformation is away from the first locking end 220b of the first nail 220 to increase the distance between the first locking end 220b and the second locking end 230b. The first bone 50 that is locked by the first locking end 220b can be increased by increasing the distance between the first locking end 220b and the second locking end 230b by deformation of the second bone nail 230 as shown in FIG. An expansion force F' is generated between the second bone 60' that is locked by the second locking end 230b to cause a slight amount of gap increase between the first bone 50 and the second bone 60 to increase the length of the bone.

Since each of the second nails 230 is deformed by the shape memory property of the shape memory alloy, instead of being elastically deformed like a general elastic body, the second locking end 230b The displacement of the single direction D' is generated with respect to the first locking end 220b by the deformation of the second nail 230, instead of causing a bidirectional displacement. That is, the second locking end 230b does not move in the direction opposite to the direction D' toward the first locking end 220b, so that the first bone 50' and the second bone 60' can continuously provide the expansion force F to each other. 'And promote the increase in bone length.

In summary, in the bone fixation device of the present invention, the material of the second bone nail includes a shape memory alloy, and the second bone nail has the ability to deform with temperature changes. According to this, after the first bone nail and the second bone nail are fixed to the fixing rod and respectively locked to the first bone and the second bone, the second bone nail can be appropriately deformed by using the temperature change, thereby driving The second locking end of the second nail is displaced relative to the first locking end of the first nail, such that the first bone locked by the first locking end and the second bone locked by the second locking end The forces between the bones are used to stimulate the growth and healing of bone cells at the bone section or to promote the increase in bone length.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

50‧‧‧First bone

60‧‧‧Second bone

100‧‧‧Bone fixation device

110‧‧‧Fixed rod

120‧‧‧First bone nail

120a‧‧‧first fixed end

120b‧‧‧first lock attachment end

130‧‧‧Second bone nail

130a‧‧‧Second fixed end

130b‧‧‧Second lock end

132‧‧‧First component

134‧‧‧second component

D‧‧‧ Direction

F‧‧‧Compressive force

Claims (10)

A bone fixing device includes: a fixing rod; at least one first nail having an opposite first fixing end and a first locking end, wherein the first fixing end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the first The locking end is attached to a first bone; and the at least one second nail has an opposite second fixing end and a second locking end, wherein the second fixing end is fixed to the fixing rod, and the first The second locking end is attached to a second bone, wherein the material of the second nail comprises a shape memory alloy and the second nail generates a deformation by a temperature change, and the second locking end is driven relative to the The first locking end produces a displacement. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second locking end produces the displacement in a single direction relative to the first locking end by the deformation of the second bone nail. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second locking end moves to the first locking end by the deformation of the second bone nail to shorten the first locking end and The distance between the second locking ends. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second locking end is away from the first locking end by the deformation of the second bone nail to increase the first locking end and the The distance between the second locking ends. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second The nail is deformed from a straightened state to a bent state by the temperature change. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second bone nail is integrally formed. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second bone nail comprises a first assembly and a second assembly, the second fixed end is located at the first component, and the second attachment is The end is located in the second component, and the material of the first component is a shape memory alloy. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second locking end is moved by 1 to 10 mm relative to the first locking end by the deformation of the second bone nail. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the second locking end is moved by 3 to 5 mm relative to the first locking end by the deformation of the second bone nail. The bone fixation device of claim 1, wherein the material of the second bone nail comprises a nickel-titanium alloy.