TW201616256A - Method and device for the determination of at least one model parameter of a virtual tool model of a tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for determining at least one model parameter (MP) in a virtual tool model (MV). To accomplish this, the virtual tool model (MV) is first loaded, imported or generated. In order to generate the virtual tool model (MV), a 3D scanner (19) is used and, with the use of the scanning data (SD) from a dot cloud (PW), the virtual tool model (MV) is determined. A measuring program (PR) is generated and/or selected. The measuring program (PR) prespecifies at least one cutting plane (ES) through the virtual tool model (MV) as well as at least one model parameter (MP) that is to be determined. With the use of the cutting contour between the virtual tool model (MV) and the at least one cutting plane (ES), the model parameter (MP) is determined. With the use of the method and the device, respectively, it is possible to quickly and simply detect at least one model parameter (MP) by means of which the tool (17) can be represented.

Description

Method and device for determining at least one model parameter of virtual machine tool model of machine tool

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining at least one model parameter of a virtual machine tool model, wherein the model parameter corresponds to a feature of a machine tool that is being represented by the virtual machine tool model.

The measurement of the machine tool is important in the manufacture of the machine tool or in the processing of the tools used. For example, for quality control, a measurement of the machine tool can be used in order to be able to verify whether the machine tool parameters of the machine tool or the machine tool feature are specified. Those features to be verified depend in particular on the type of machine tool to be measured. One or more feature statements are used for the machine tool function and related parameters for the work results to be obtained with the tool. For example, with reference to a cutting machine that rotates about their longitudinal axes, the features to be considered are angled, clearance angles, angled between cutting edges adjacent to each other in a tangential direction about the longitudinal axis. Pitch, machine tool length, core diameter, helix angle or spiral pitch. These features will be verified in any desired combination, depending on the circumstances.

In modern measuring machines, the current state of the art is to measure the machine tool by means of a transmitted light camera and/or an incident light camera and/or a measuring sensor in order to be able to determine the desired features. At present, these measurement methods are very delicate and need to be used to implement a machine tool. The corresponding measurement period of the measurement. Still, the number of machines measuring at the production location is maintained low. Therefore, in many cases, it is impossible to inspect each and every production machine tool, so that sampling measurements can be performed.

A method for measuring a plurality of parameters of a work piece is proposed in the publication DE 36 35 446 A1. In order to do so, a laser measuring device that produces a laser beam band can be used. To perform this measurement, the workpiece moves at a fixed rate relative to the right angle of the laser beam passing through the laser beam. The work piece is measured during the passing movement. Furthermore, rotational movement of the workpiece about its longitudinal axis may also occur. This method is used to quickly and simply measure the diameter or thickness of a workpiece.

Furthermore, a method of measuring a work piece in a mechanized device is known from the publication DE 10 2007 016 056 B4. In order to be able to accurately machine a mounting workpiece, the clamping position of the workpiece is determined by this measurement. This is done with a measuring device, for example by means of a laser scanner. Because of this, most of the surface points on the workpiece can be determined. The surface data of an ideal workpiece is known. The translational and/or rotational relative movement between the ideal surface material of the gripping workpiece and the detected surface point is performed. When the detected surface point is optimally matched to the ideal surface data, the translational and/or rotational deviation between the ideal clamping work piece and the actual clamping work piece is determined. This deviation can then be used for subsequent machining.

In view of this prior art, the object of the present invention can be considered as a method and apparatus for providing workpiece parameters of a machine tool to be measured or inspected that can be quickly and easily detected.

This object is achieved by a method of presenting the features of claim 1 and by means of the features of claim 16 of the patent application.

According to the invention, the at least one feature is determined by determining a virtual machine tool model A model parameter is determined in a processing device that corresponds to the feature. The processing device that determines at least one model parameter on the machine tool model is a component of the measuring machine or measuring device, or can be generated by an arithmetic and logic unit that is thus separately designed.

First, the 3D virtual machine tool model of the machine tool is generated, loaded or input from the memory. If the machine tool model already exists, it can be used for further processing. Otherwise, a three-dimensional virtual machine tool model is first generated. In order to accomplish this, a 3D scanner, such as a laser scanner, can be used, which scans the machine tools from several directions - each at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the machine tool or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine tool - and generate scan data. The scan data is present in the cloud representing the edge and surface of the machine tool. During the scanning process, the machine tool is preferably scanned from a number of directions, preferably from a number of radial directions, and additionally, from the top along the longitudinal axis, such that the edges and surfaces are completely Represented by the cloud. For clear visualization of the cloud, it is possible to generate a three-dimensional machine tool model from the cloud, preferably by forming a mesh or grid model, or by organizing the networks with known algorithms and mathematical programs. Shape or grid model. Alternatively, it is also possible to work directly with the cloud and use the terminal as a machine tool model. Furthermore, visualization may generate a planarized machine tool model from the cloud, and in addition to that, the cloud is used as a basis for determining the parameters of the models.

Clouds representing the edges and surfaces of the machine tool can be processed to form a machine tool model. For example, known algorithms or mathematical programs can be used to remove unnecessary endpoints and/or apparently erroneous endpoints.

After the virtual machine model has been entered or generated, the measurement program can be defined and/or selected from an existing number of measurement programs. Each measurement program represents one or more cutting faces of the virtual machine tool model. Each cutting face is defined in a manner fixed relative to the virtual space in which a virtual machine tool model can be generated. For example, a cut surface is defined by a right angle relative to a reference coordinate axis by a length feature along the reference coordinate axis. Along this reference A cut surface of the coordinate axis can be defined by a rotation angle in a tangential direction about the reference coordinate axis. Furthermore, it is also possible to define cutting faces which are inclined in this space as needed.

Furthermore, the measurement program defines at least one model parameter to be determined. Any parameter (by which this parameter can represent a feature of the machine tool) can be used as a model parameter. Preferably, with the model parameters, several model parameters in a measurement program are always determined to be able to represent tools with sufficient accuracy.

In order to determine the at least one model parameter, at least one measurement task is assigned to each of the cutting faces. In the cutting surface on the cutting contour of the machine tool model, at least one measuring task determines a measuring point and/or a model parameter with the cutting surface. One or more model parameters can be determined in one cutting plane. For example, in a cutting plane extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the machine tool model, model parameters such as clearance angle and/or bevel angle and/or angular pitch and/or core diameter may be determined. Additionally or alternatively, in several cutting faces, it is also possible to determine a measurement point on the cutting profile and determine a model parameter from several of the different cutting faces. For example, a reference point of a spiral cutting edge can be determined as a measurement point in a plurality of cutting faces, each extending along the longitudinal axis of the machine tool model, the cutting faces being opposite each other about a longitudinal axis Rotate a known angle of rotation. Based on the height difference existing in the longitudinal direction and the angle of rotation, it is possible to determine a helix angle of the spiral cut edge as a model parameter.

After starting the measurement program, the at least one model parameter is determined based on the at least one obtained cutting contour of the virtual machine tool model in the cutting surface so as to be representative of the machine tool or the machine tool The model is based on its characteristics.

By using a virtual machine tool model, it is possible to quickly and easily determine model parameters. In order to accomplish this, it is also possible to use arithmetic and logic units, in particular conventional computers, which can be operated independently and parallel to a measuring device or measuring machines. By using scanning data The generation of the virtual machine tool model can occur in a processing device of the measuring device or also in an arithmetic and logic unit independent of it.

If the virtual machine model already exists, it only needs to be loaded or input from a memory, and the measurement program can be generated or selected. As long as a virtual machine tool model is measured to determine the at least one model parameter, another machine tool may have been scanned into a measuring device by using a 3D scanner so that the system can be generated for generation. Scanning data based on the virtual machine model.

A measurement program can be generated in which at least one of the cutting faces is defined relative to the machine tool model. When doing so, it can be decided at which point or at that angle that the individual cutting faces are used to cut the machine tool model. For example, at least one cutting surface can be fixedly defined in the virtual space of the machine tool model, and the machine tool model can be moved into a pre-planned position and/or orientation in the virtual space. Due to this, the exact spatial position of the cutting surface relative to the machine tool model can also be predetermined. In this way, it is possible to define the measurement program independently of the solidified machine tool model.

Furthermore, the measurement task is planned in advance for each cutting surface, which can be used - applying the resulting cutting contour between the machine tool model and the cutting surface - to define a measuring point and/or to determine a model parameter. At least one model parameter may then be determined by using several measurement points from different cutting faces or by using a cutting profile in a single cutting face. For example, as discussed above, in a section, it may be possible to determine model parameters such as core diameter, angular pitch, bevel angle, clearance angle or clearance angle, and the like. By defining measurement points in several cutting faces along the longitudinal axis, it is also possible to determine model parameters such as helix angle or helix pitch.

However, in an advantageous manner, it is also possible to determine and/or compensate for the deviation of the longitudinal axis of the machine tool model relative to the reference axis in the virtual space in which the three-dimensional machine tool model can be arranged. For example, this deviation can be determined, wherein the middle of the cutting profile The heart is determined to be in a cutting face that extends at a right angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the machine tool model, and wherein the positional deviation of the center point relative to the reference axis in the virtual space is determined. This deviation can be compensated for by the corresponding offset of the virtual machine tool model in the virtual space.

By determining and/or compensating for this deviation in the two cutting faces that are separated along the longitudinal axis of the machine tool model along the two cutting faces, it is possible to obtain the longitudinal axis of the machine tool model relative to the virtual This orientation of the reference axis in space and/or a congruent alignment. When this is done, a translational movement of the machine tool model in the virtual space and/or a rotational movement of the machine tool model in the virtual space can be performed in order to enable the vertical axis of the machine tool model The reference axis in the virtual space.

Preferably, the reference axis in the virtual space corresponds to the central axis of the machine tool holder for measuring the machine tool or one of the measuring devices for generating scanning data. If the longitudinal axis of the machine tool does not coincide with the central axis of the power tool holder, the concentricity of the machine tool during its rotation about the central axis of the machine tool holder A deviation of movement or a swing will occur. Thus, by using the machine tool model and the position of the longitudinal axis of the machine tool model relative to the affected reference axis in the virtual space, this deviation can be detected and preferably compensated. The virtual machine tool model can be moved to a location in the virtual space that is defined for model parameter determination with a measurement program.

When defining a measurement program that will be used for most similar types of machine tools, there is an option to define the facets relative to the coordinate system of the virtual space. When positioning the virtual machine tool model relative to the coordinate system of the virtual space, and in particular, when placing the longitudinal axis of the machine tool model along the reference axis of the coordinate system in the virtual space, it may be decided The model parameters in the machine tool model are applied to all machine tool models with the same accuracy. When scan data is being generated, inaccuracies due to sufficient mis-clamping of the machine tool or the machine tools will not be considered.

Therefore, it may be possible to determine the effective concentric movement of the machine tool model or to detect an imbalance of the machine tool after aligning the machine tool model with respect to the reference axis.

In another advantageous embodiment, in addition to the translational and/or rotational alignment of the longitudinal axis relative to the reference axis of the virtual coordinate system, it is also possible to determine and/or compensate for reference as one of the virtual machine tool models. The deviation of a cutting face of the face relative to the angle of rotation between the reference faces in the virtual space. For example, a deviation of the angle of rotation of the longitudinal center plane (reference plane) through the machine tool model relative to a reference plane can be determined or compensated. Therefore, not only the deviation or vibration deviation from the concentric movement can be determined or compensated, but also the position of the rotation angle of the machine tool model defined by the machine tool model relative to the coordinate system in the virtual space can be established by measuring the measurement program. .

Furthermore, it is advantageous if at least one model parameter affecting the laser ablation profile formed in the workpiece is determined. To determine this model parameter, the machine tool model can be rotated in a virtual space about a virtual axis of rotation and a virtual envelope can be generated therefrom. Preferably, the virtual axis of rotation corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the machine tool model. Alternatively, a deviation of the longitudinal axis from the virtual axis of rotation can be compensated, as explained above, to avoid concentric movement or vibration errors in determining the virtual envelope.

Preferably, the envelope can be used to determine at least one additional model parameter, such as a stepper angle and/or a step length and/or a cutting edge radius of the stepper.

In a further advantageous exemplary embodiment of the method, in addition to the scanning data of the 3D scanner, at least one additional measuring device data, preferably a transmitted light camera and/or an incident, is preferably used. A light camera and/or a sensing device to improve the accuracy of the virtual machine tool model. In particular, the measurement data detection by using this additional measuring device can be initiated after the definition and/or selection of the measurement program and before the start of the measurement program. Preferably, the device can select a larger accuracy than the 3D scanner when detecting the edge. Measuring device. The use of a laser scanner as a 3D scanner (which operates on the principle of triangulation) is often not sufficiently accurate because the laser light impinging on the edge is reflected in different directions. Due to the measurement data of the additional measuring device, it is possible (especially in the region of such edges) to enhance the virtual machine tool model and the accuracy of the model.

Preferably, after selecting a measurement program for determining the model parameters, the additional measuring device is only used in the at least one segment of the workpiece for the measurement data detection, wherein the measurement program At least one cutting face is placed in the machine tool model. Because of this, a complete measurement of the tool with an additional measuring device can be prevented, and the measuring device is used at those points in a targeted manner, at which point the model parameters will be determined later. For example, the measurement with the additional measuring device can be limited to those areas of the work machine, in which at least one cutting profile and at least one cutting face of the machine tool model are placed. In a further embodiment, the measurement with the additional measuring device may also be limited to a portion of the at least one cutting profile that will determine a measurement point and/or a model parameter. The areas of the machine tool to be measured are attributed to the measuring machine. There is no need to increase the accuracy in other areas of the machine tool model.

Furthermore, when using the method, generating an existing measurement program for a specific type of machine tool and/or the original, virtual machine tool model of the machine tool that is the basis for generating the measurement program is used as It is advantageous when scanning a prior knowledge of another machine tool of the same type of machine tool with a 3D scanner. When doing so, it is advantageous when the machine tool to be scanned is at least partially scanned by the 3D scanner in at least one segment by using the defined or selected measurement program. In the segment, placed in the measurement program or in the original virtual machine model - the at least one cutting surface predetermined by the measurement program, and/or in the segment, placed - having the at least one The cutting contour of the cutting surface of the original virtual machine tool model - a corner or an edge. Because of this, when scanning several similar tools of the same machine type It is possible to reduce the necessary time, especially if the machine tools are very large and/or long.

15‧‧‧Measurement device

16‧‧‧Tooling machine bracket

17‧‧ Tools machine

18‧‧‧Multi-turn actuator

19‧‧‧3D scanner

20‧‧‧Laser beam

21‧‧‧Processing device

22‧‧‧Measurement device

23‧‧‧ camera

24‧‧‧Lighting arrangement

25‧‧‧User interface

26‧‧‧User desktop

27‧‧‧ memory

28‧‧‧External Arithmetic and Logic Unit

35‧‧‧ cutting edge

α ‧‧‧ oblique angle

clearance angle β ‧‧‧

γ ‧‧‧corresponding angle

δ ‧‧‧helix angle

ψ‧‧‧Rotation angle

τ ‧‧‧Angle pitch

A1‧‧‧First deviation

Reference axis in BV‧‧ virtual space

CR‧‧‧ corner radius

D‧‧‧Rotary axis

DQ‧‧‧ height difference

EB‧‧‧ reference level

ER‧‧‧ reference surface

ES‧‧‧cut surface

KD‧‧‧ core diameter

LG‧‧‧ total length

The vertical axis of the LM‧‧‧ virtual machine model

LS‧‧‧ shaft length

MD‧‧‧Measurement data

MP‧‧‧ model parameters

MV‧‧‧ virtual machine model

MV’‧‧‧ enhanced virtual machine model

PR‧‧‧Measurement program

PW‧‧‧Cloud

Q‧‧‧measuring point

RV‧‧‧ virtual space

SD‧‧·Scan data

V‧‧‧ method

V1‧‧‧ first method steps

V1a‧‧‧Selection steps

V2‧‧‧ second method step

V3‧‧‧ third method steps

V4‧‧‧Fourth method steps

V5‧‧‧ fifth method step

V6‧‧‧ sixth method steps

V7‧‧‧ seventh method steps

V8‧‧‧ eighth method steps

V9‧‧‧ ninth method step

Reference axis for XV‧‧ virtual space

The Y-coordinate axis of the YV‧‧ virtual space

X-coordinate axis of ZV‧‧ virtual space

Advantageous embodiments of the method or the measuring device can be inferred from the independent terms, descriptions, and drawings of the patent application. Hereinafter, the present invention is explained by using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. They are shown in Figure 1, which is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a measuring device in a side view of one of the machine tools to be measured; Figure 2 is a machine tool to be measured In a plan view, as in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1; FIG. 3, is a flow chart of an exemplary sequence of methods in accordance with the present invention; FIGS. 4 through 9 are used to control the process flow or A different pattern for controlling a display unit or a user's desktop of the measuring device.

1 and 2 schematically illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a measuring device 15. The measuring device 15 comprises a power tool carrier 16 for accommodating a machine tool 17 to be measured. The power tool carrier 16 is rotatable about the axis of rotation D via a multi-turn actuator 18. When the power tool 17 is in the machine tool holder 16, the longitudinal axis of the machine tool 17 - in the ideal case - extends along the axis of rotation D. If there is a clamping error, the longitudinal axis of the machine tool 17 is displaced parallel to the axis of rotation D and/or is inclined along one or more spatial directions with respect to the axis of rotation D.

Furthermore, the measuring device 15 comprises a 3D scanner 19. The 3D scanner 19 and/or the power tool holder 16 are movable relative to one another in one or more translational and/or rotational degrees of freedom. According to this example, the 3D scanner is implemented with a laser scanner that directs at least one laser beam 20 on the workpiece 17 to be measured. As shown in a highly schematic manner in FIG. 1 , the 3D scanner 19 is moved in different positions relative to the machine tool carrier 16 or the power tool 17 . Machine tool 17 It can be scanned, in particular in a direction at right angles or to the radial direction relative to the axis of rotation D and/or obliquely from the bottom and/or at various angles from the top and/or parallel from the top or along the axis of rotation D. Some possible locations of the 3D scanner 19 are shown in FIG.

By means of the 3D scanner 19, the scanning data SD and in particular the cloud PW are generated and transmitted to the processing device 21. The processing device 21 is a component of the measuring device 15. Alternatively, the processing device 21 may also be represented by arithmetic and logic units external to the measuring device 15. In this event, measurement device 15 may contain an appropriate interface for data transfer.

In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the measuring device 15 additionally comprises another measuring device 22 and a camera 23 according to this example. The measuring device 22 or the camera 23 transmits the measurement data MD to the processing device 21. The camera 23 is configured with a line camera or with a face camera having a number of lines. In an exemplary embodiment, this is a transmitted light camera. Thus, the illumination arrangement 24 is provided on the side of the machine tool 17 opposite the camera 23 (Fig. 2).

In the exemplary embodiment, processing device 21 is also configured to actuate 3D scanner 19, measurement device 22, multi-turn actuator 18, and illumination array 24. The processing device 21 may also actuate a translational and/or rotational drive, not shown, for movement of the 3D scanner 19 relative to the power tool holder 16.

The processing device 21 is connected to the user interface 25. User interface 25 includes a display or user desktop 26. The input member of the user interface 25 can include all known control options, which are also used in conventional computers, such as touch sensitive screens, computer mice, keyboards, trackpads, and controlled motion via tilting. And / or acceleration sensors and so on.

In an exemplary embodiment, processing device 21 includes non-volatile memory 27. It should be understood that the non-volatile memory 27 may also be arranged outside of the measuring device 15 and may be connected to the processing device 21.

Furthermore, Figures 1 and 2 show the connection processing means 21 to the external arithmetic and logic unit 28 Options. Control and arithmetic tasks for controlling the measurement device 15 or for performing the method may be additionally or alternatively performed by the external arithmetic and logic unit 28.

FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of an exemplary method V for determining at least one model parameter MP. The model parameter MP is determined by using the virtual machine tool model MV and corresponds to a feature of the machine tool 17 based on the virtual machine tool model MV. With particular reference to Figures 3 to 9, this method will be explained below.

Method V is initiated in a first method step V1. In the second method step V2 , the 3D scanner 19 is actuated via the processing device 21 and the machine tool 17 held in the power tool carrier 16 is scanned. During this scanning operation, the power tool 17 is rotatable continuously and/or progressively about the axis of rotation D such that the 3D scanner 19 is capable of sensing the machine tool 17 from many directions or from many sides. Additionally, according to this example, the 3D scanner 19 will be moved into the position indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 1 so that the machine tool 17 can be scanned from the top along the axis of rotation D.

Thus, at the end of the second method step V2, there is a cloud PW representative of the scan data SD and the surface and edges of the machine tool 17.

In a third method step V3, the virtual machine tool model MV is generated in the virtual space RV using the cloud PW by generating a raster model and/or by modeling and/or by organizing. An exemplary virtual machine tool model MV is shown in Figure 4. The virtual space RV in which the virtual machine tool model MV is arranged is defined by the coordinate axes XV, YV, and ZV. In this virtual space RV, a reference axis BV is defined. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, one of the coordinate axes XV, YV, ZV represents the reference axis BV - that is, according to this example, the X-axis XV of the coordinate system of the virtual space RV.

The vertical axis of the virtual machine model MV is labeled LM. Due to the clamping error during the measurement, it is possible for the longitudinal axis of the machine tool 17 not to coincide with the rotational axis D of the machine tool carrier 16 . In the virtual space RV, the reference axis BV corresponds to the position of the rotational axis D. Therefore clamping may occur The error causes the longitudinal axis LM of the machine tool model MV to be displaced relative to the reference axis BV and/or tilted to one or more spatial directions of the virtual space RV. This situation is shown schematically by the example of FIG.

As an alternative to the second and third method steps V2, V3, it is also possible in the fourth method step V4 to load or input the existing virtual machine tool model MV into the processing device 21 or to use it. Another arithmetic and logic unit 28 is included. This option is indicated by the dashed line in Figure 3.

In another, further modified process flow, it is also possible to use the cloud PW as the virtual machine model MV without generating a grid model or website or area. In order to accomplish this, the cloud initially in the form of scan data SD can also be processed. For example, endpoints that do not require the cloud and/or endpoints that are deemed to be misrouted may be removed. The use of the processed or unprocessed cloud PS as a virtual machine tool model MV is schematically illustrated in method steps V3 and V4, where - in brackets, after the reference symbol "MV" for the virtual machine model - The reference symbol "PW" is used for the cloud.

The third or fourth method step V3, V4 is followed by a fifth method step V5, in which the measurement program PR (Fig. 4) can be selected or newly generated from the existing measurement program library, or the existing measurement program PR modified. The modified or newly generated measurement program PR can then be stored in memory and used for future similar types of measurements. In the event of generating and storing a measurement program, it is possible to generate, via the user interface 25, a menu entry and/or image that can be used in the selection measurement program PR in the future.

The generation of the measurement program PR is shown in a highly schematic manner in FIG. Each measurement program PR has at least one cutting plane ES in the virtual space RV. Figures 5 to 7 show different cutting faces ES. The measurement program PR shown schematically only in the example in Fig. 4 has three cutting faces ES. For both of the cutting faces ES, the first cutting face ES1 and the second cutting face ES2 are positioned at right angles to the reference axis BV or to the longitudinal axis LM of the virtual machine tool model MV. Extra, third, The cutting plane ES3 (Fig. 6) extends at a pre-planned angle of rotation relative to the reference level EB of the virtual space RV defined by the reference plane BV and at least one additional axis or coordinate axes YV, ZV (Fig. 8).

Additionally or alternatively to a cutting plane ES that is parallel to or parallel to the reference axis BV or along the reference axis BV, it is also possible to define a cutting plane ES that extends obliquely in the virtual space RV.

In an exemplary embodiment, the cutting faces ES defined in the measurement program PR are defined and placed in their position and orientation in the virtual space RV and thus relative to the coordinate axes XV, YV, ZV. In order to allow for a correction decision of at least one model parameter MP, it is intended to place the virtual machine tool model MV in a defined position in the virtual space RV according to this example. This will be done in the first step in the measurement program PR. Due to this, the clamping errors of the machine tool 17 in the power tool carrier 16 are compensated in the virtual space RV.

This correction is performed in the first step of the measurement program PR and can be explained schematically with reference to Figures 4 and 7. Figure 4 shows that the longitudinal axis LM of the virtual machine tool model MV deviates from the reference axis BV. FIG. 7 shows a first deviation A1 of the longitudinal axis LM of the virtual machine tool model MV relative to the reference axis BV in the first cutting plane ES1 extending through the axis of the virtual machine tool model MV. This first deviation A1 can be compensated for by a translational shift of the virtual machine tool model MV in the virtual space RV. If the model parameter MP will be determined within this cutting plane ES, this correction in the cutting plane ES will be sufficient. Preferably, the second deviation is determined in the second cutting plane ES2. Subsequently, by means of the compensation of the two deviations, the shifting and/or rotation of the virtual machine tool model MV in the virtual space RV can take place such that the longitudinal axis LM of the virtual machine tool model MV coincides with the reference axis BV.

Considering an alternative embodiment of the method V, in addition to the alignment of the longitudinal axis LM of the virtual machine tool model MV along the reference axis BV, it is also possible to orbit the virtual machine tool model MV about its longitudinal axis LM or reference axis BV. The position of the rotation is aligned. This is illustrated by Figure 8 as an example. There, it can be seen that the reference plane ER along the longitudinal axis LM of the virtual machine tool model MV is rotated by a rotational angle φ with respect to the reference plane EB in the virtual space RV. This angle of rotation φ can be removed before the model parameter MP is determined.

Referring to the measurement program PR illustrated here, the third cutting surface ES3 (Fig. 6) is pre-planned in close proximity to the first cutting surface ES1 and the second cutting surface ES2, the third cutting surface - and the other two cutting surfaces ES1, ES2 Different - being positioned at a right angle relative to the reference axis XV but extending along the reference axis XV. When this is done, the angle that is opposed by the third cutting surface ES3 having the reference coordinate level EB is defined as needed.

It should be understood that the number and orientation of the cutting faces ES can be varied in each measurement program PR and vary with how the machine tool 17 or virtual machine tool model MV generated therefrom is designed. In a rotationally symmetrical machine tool without geometrically defined cutting edges, the parameters to be determined are different from those in a machine tool having one or more geometrically defined cutting edges. A machine tool with a helical cutting edge will then require a different measuring program than a machine tool with a straight cutting edge or a machine tool with a reversible cutting plate. The measurement program can be defined, stored, and selected and initiated as needed for each type of machine tool or for each type of machine tool of a similar type that must be constantly measured.

Furthermore, in the previously planned measurement program PR, at least one model parameter MP in the virtual machine tool model MV will be determined. In order to accomplish this, the measuring task can be planned in advance in terms of how the individual cutting contours between the virtual machine tool model MV and the at least one cutting surface ES will be evaluated. The model parameters MP and/or measuring points can be determined in the cutting profile. Alternatively or additionally, at least one model parameter MP can be determined from a plurality of measurement points of different cutting profiles and thus different cutting faces.

In the exemplary embodiment illustrated herein, the bevel angle α _i and the clearance angle β _i are determined by the second cutting face ES2 on each cutting edge 35 of the virtual machine tool model MV, and the core diameter KD and An angular pitch τ _i between adjacent cutting edges 35 in the tangential direction of the reference axis XV. The index i states the number of the cut edge (here: i = 1 to 4).

For example, in the third cutting plane ES3, along the total length LG of the reference axis BV or The shaft length LS can be determined.

It is also possible to determine a measuring point Q on the cutting contour of the virtual machine tool model MV in a cutting plane (ie, according to the third cutting plane ES3 of this example). In combination with other measuring points Q from other cutting faces ES, this allows the determination of the model parameters MP, and according to this example, the helix angle δ of one of the cutting edges 35. In the cutting profile of the virtual machine tool model MV of the third cutting face ES3, the measuring point Q points to a point on the cutting edge 35. If, for example, the measurement point Q on the cutting profile on the affected cutting edge 35 is again determined by the additional cutting face along the reference axis BV, the additional cutting face is rotated by about a difference angle with respect to the third cutting face ES3. The height difference DQ between the two measurement points Q of the reference axis BV and the known difference angle between the two cutting faces allow the helix angle δ to be determined by using a pitch triangle, as shown in a high schematic manner in FIG. display.

Further, if the machine tool 17 is to be scanned and the measurement program PR has been generated for the same type of machine tool, it may be possible to simplify the method as explained above. During the selection step V1a following the start of the program, an existing measurement program PR for the type of machine tool (similar machine tool) can then be selected first. This measuring program PR has been defined in the position of the cutting plane ES in the virtual space RV, which can be applied as prior knowledge when another machine tool 17 of the same type of machine tool is scanned with a 3D scanner. Alternatively, it is also possible to additionally use the original virtual machine tool model as the machine tool 17 for generating the basis for selecting the measurement program. According to this example, the selected measurement program PR is used to at least partially scan the machine tool 17, which will be scanned by the 3D scanner in the at least one segment, wherein - in the measurement program PR Medium - at least one cutting face planned in advance by the measuring program PR will be placed. When this is done, the scan area is not precisely limited to one side, but is limited to a section defined around this side. The size of this segment can vary, in which case the segment is smaller than the outer surface of the machine tool 17. If there are many cutting faces ES, the total area of all segments to be scanned is smaller than the total outer surface of the machine tool 17.

According to another embodiment, it is also possible to limit the section to be scanned to an area in which one of the corners or edges is placed in the cutting profile of the original, virtual machine tool model having at least one cutting face.

After the measurement program PR has been defined or selected, the measuring device 22, and for example the camera 23, may be used in a sixth method step V6 to generate the measurement data MD of the machine tool 17. In particular, the camera 23 detects and measures only those segments of the machine tool 17, wherein the measurement program PR to be executed has a cutting surface ES. It is also possible that the entire overall cutting profile of the virtual machine tool model MV having one of the cutting faces on the machine tool 17 may not be measured again, but the measurement of the measuring device 22 is limited to the model parameters MP and/or the measurement on the cutting contour. The location or locations at which point Q will be measured. Therefore, the overall contour of the machine tool 17 is not necessarily detected by the camera 23. The detection can be limited to those areas of the machine tool 17, where it is advantageous to increase the accuracy of the measurement data MD, in particular in the region where the cutting contour is to be accurately detected for determining the model parameter MP or the measurement point Q. . This is particularly the case at those points where the cutting face ES will intersect the edge of the machine tool model MV - because the camera 23 transmits more accurate data than the 3D scanner 19 when detecting the edges. In addition or alternatively, it is also possible to limit the measurement by the measuring device 22 to the edge and/or the cutting edge 35 and/or the at least one cutting surface ES intersecting an edge and/or the cutting edge 35 of the virtual machine tool model MV. These points.

During the seventh method step V7, under consideration of the measurement data MD, it is possible to use the detected measurement data MD of the camera 23 to improve the virtual machine tool model MV and to generate an enhanced virtual machine tool model MV'.

The sixth and seventh method steps V6, V7 are optional, and may be omitted if the accuracy of the virtual machine tool model MV based on the scan data SD of the 3D scanner 19 is sufficient. This is illustrated by the dashed arrow in Figure 3, which can be said to bridge the sixth and seventh method steps V6, V7.

During a subsequent eighth method step V8, at least one model parameter MP is determined using a measurement program PR having at least one cutting contour of the virtual machine tool model MV or the enhanced virtual machine tool model MV' for each given cutting surface ES.

In the exemplary model illustrated here, the angle of inclination α1, the clearance angle β1 and the angular pitch on or between the four cutting edges 35 (Fig. 5) are determined using the second cutting surface ES2 that has been explained. Τi (i = 1, 2, 3, 4). Furthermore, the core diameter KD is determined.

By using the cutting profile with the third cutting face ES3, an additional model parameter MP can be determined, such as for example the total length LG or the shaft length LS. Alternatively, the helix angle δ is determined by the third cutting face ES3 explained above and at least one additional cutting face ES. The number and type of model parameters MP can vary depending on the type of tool to be performed and the individual verification tasks.

After the model parameter MP has been determined, the method V is inferred in the ninth method step V9.

FIG. 9 illustrates another option that can be implemented by using method V or measurement program PR. A virtual package HV of the virtual machine tool model MV may be generated, wherein the virtual machine tool model MV rotates about a virtual axis of rotation and a reference axis BV (FIG. 9) according to the example. This results in a virtual packet HV. By using this virtual packet HV, it is possible to determine an additional model parameter MP that cannot be easily determined based on the cutting plane ES. For example, one or more corresponding angles y i (i = 1, 2) of a stepping tool may be determined by using the packet HV. Furthermore, at least one corner radius CR on the cutting edge 35 or on the other edge can be determined by means of a virtual envelope HV.

It should be understood that the interpretation for determining the model parameter MP or the virtual machine tool model MV in the alignment virtual space RV by using the virtual machine tool model MV can be similarly applied to the enhanced virtual machine tool model MV'.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining at least one model parameter MP in a virtual machine tool model MV. In order to accomplish this, the virtual machine model MV is first loaded. Enter, input or generate. In order to be able to generate the virtual machine tool model MV, a 3D scanner can be used, and by using the scan data SD from the cloud PW, the virtual machine tool model MV can be determined. The measurement program PR can be generated and/or selected. The measurement program PR previously plans at least one cutting surface ES of the virtual machine tool model MV and at least one model parameter MP to be determined. The model parameter MP is determined by using a cutting profile between the virtual machine tool model MV and at least one cutting face ES. By using the method and the device separately, it is possible to quickly and easily detect at least one model parameter MP, by means of which the machine tool 17 can be represented.

15‧‧‧Measurement device

16‧‧‧Tooling machine bracket

17‧‧ Tools machine

18‧‧‧Multi-turn actuator

19‧‧‧3D scanner

20‧‧‧Laser beam

21‧‧‧Processing device

22‧‧‧Measurement device

23‧‧‧ camera

25‧‧‧User interface

26‧‧‧User desktop

27‧‧‧ memory

28‧‧‧External Arithmetic and Logic Unit

D‧‧‧Rotary axis

Claims (18)

A method (V) for determining at least one model parameter (MP) of a machine tool model (MV) of a machine tool (17), the model parameter (MP) corresponding to a feature of the machine tool (17), The method comprises the following steps: inputting or loading or generating a three-dimensional virtual machine tool model (MV) of the machine tool (17), generating and/or selecting a measurement program (PR) and a measurement task, wherein the measurement program (PR) is in advance Planning at least one cutting surface (ES) of the virtual machine tool model (MV), whereby the at least one model parameter (MP) can be used by the virtual machine tool model (MV) and the at least one cutting surface ( The at least one cutting profile between the ES) is determined to initiate the measurement program (PR) by using the at least one cutting profile of the virtual machine tool model (MV) having the at least one cutting face (ES) And determining the at least one model parameter (MP). The method of claim 1, wherein the model parameter (MP) has an oblique angle (α) and/or a clearance angle (β) and/or a wedge angle and/or a The number of cutting edges and/or an angular pitch (τ) and/or a length (LG, LS) and/or a core diameter (KD) and/or a helix angle (δ) of the machine tool (17). The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the virtual machine model (MV) is generated by scanning the tool from multiple directions by a 3D scanner (19) (17) And generating the scan data (SD) in the form of a cloud (SD), and generating the three-dimensional virtual machine tool model of the machine tool (17) with the edge and/or region of the cloud (PW) ( MV), or use the processed or unprocessed cloud (PW) as the virtual machine model (MV). The method of claim 3, wherein when the virtual machine model (MV') is generated, an additional measurement data (MD) is used in addition to the scan data (SD). The amount of data has been generated by a measuring device (22) used in addition to the 3D scanner (19). A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a measurement program (PR) can be produced, wherein at least one cutting surface (ES) intersecting the virtual machine tool model is defined, and the at least one cutting surface (ES) being assigned a measurement task for determining the at least one model parameter by using the at least one cutting profile between the virtual machine tool model (MV) and the at least one cutting surface (ES) ). The method of claim 5, characterized in that the measuring task is configured to determine a plurality of measuring points (Q) on a respective cutting profile in different cutting faces (ES) and use these to determine a model parameter (MP). A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one cutting face (ES) of a measuring program (PR) intersects the longitudinal axis (LM) of the virtual machine tool model (MV) at a point or Aligned with respect to the vertical axis (LM) of the virtual machine tool model (MV) or the right angle of one of the target axes (XV) in the virtual space (RV). A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a deviation of the longitudinal axis (LM) of the virtual machine tool model (MV) from a reference axis (EV) of a virtual space (RV) Determined and / or compensated. The method of claim 8 is characterized in that the vertical axis (LM) of the virtual machine tool model (MV) is compensated for the reference axis (BV) in a virtual space (RV) After the deviation (AI), the effective concentricity of the machine tool model (MV) is determined. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one cutting surface (ES) system having no measurement program (PR) of one intersection point and the vertical axis of the virtual machine tool model (MV) LM) aligns or follows or parallels the longitudinal axis (LM) of the virtual machine tool model (MV). A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is regarded as the reference surface (ER) A rotational angle (φ) of a cutting plane (ES) is determined and/or compensated by the virtual machine tool model (MV) relative to the reference level (EB) in a virtual space (RV). A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the virtual machine tool model (MV) is rotated about a vertical axis of rotation and a virtual envelope (HV) is generated therefrom. The method of claim 12, wherein the at least one model parameter (MP) is determined based on the envelope. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine tool (17) based on the machine tool model (MV) is at least partially used by using a defined or selected measurement program (PR) Measured in the at least one segment, in which the at least one cutting surface planned by the measuring program (PR) is placed in the virtual machine tool model (MV), or in the segment, in the segment In the cutting profile of the virtual machine tool model (MV) having the at least one cutting face (ES), a corner or an edge is provided. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that initially, during a selection step (V1a), a measurement program (PR) that has been generated and stored can be selected, and subsequently, in order to generate the machine tool (3) A three-dimensional virtual machine tool model (MV), which can perform the following steps: scanning the machine tool (17) by a 3D scanner (19) and generating a scan in the form of a cloud (PW) Data (SD), wherein the scan occurs at least partially only in the at least one segment, such that the cutting surface (ES) planned by the pre-selected measurement program (PR) is located in the segment, or in the segment Wherein a corner or edge is located in the cutting profile of the original virtual machine tool model, the cutting profile of the original virtual machine tool model is to generate the selected measurement program (PR) by the at least one cutting face (ES) The basis for generating the three-dimensional virtual machine tool model (MV) of the machine tool (17) with the edges and/or regions of the cloud (PW), or using the processed or unprocessed cloud (PW) Make this virtual machine model (MV). a measuring device (15) for determining at least one model parameter (MP) of a machine tool model (MV) of the machine tool (17), the model parameter (MP) corresponding to a feature of the machine tool (17) having A 3D scanner (19) having a processing device (21) configured to perform the steps of activating the 3D scanner (19) for scanning the machine tool from a plurality of directions (17) And generating a scanning data (SD) in the form of a cloud (PW) from which the three-dimensional virtual machine tool model (MV) having the edge and/or region of the machine tool model (17) is generated. Or using the processed or unprocessed cloud (PW) as the virtual machine tool model (MV) to generate and/or select a measurement program (PR), wherein the measurement program (PR) is planned in advance through the virtual machine model At least one cutting face (ES) of (MV) and at least one model parameter (MP) to be determined by using the at least one cut of the virtual machine tool model (MV) having the at least one cutting face (ES) The contour is used to execute the measurement program (PR) and determine the at least one model parameter (MP). The measuring device of claim 16 is characterized in that an additional measuring device (22) exhibits greater accuracy than the 3D scanner during edge detection, wherein the processing device (21) is configured Taking an additional machine tool measurement using an additional measuring device (22) after the generation and/or selection of the measurement program (PR) causes additional measurement data (MD) to be generated, the measurement data being used Improve the accuracy of the virtual machine model (MV). Measuring device according to clause 17 of the patent application, characterized in that the processing device (21) is configured such that the measurement is utilized with at least or all of the additional measuring device (22) in at least one of the machine tools (17) Occurring, in the paragraph, the at least one cutting surface (ES) planned by the measurement program (PR) is located in the virtual machine tool model (MV), or in the segment, a corner or an edge is disposed with the At least one cutting surface (ES) of the virtual machine tool model (MV) in the cutting profile.