TW201537432A - 電磁感應式觸控螢幕 - Google Patents

電磁感應式觸控螢幕 Download PDF

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TW201537432A
TW201537432A TW103111121A TW103111121A TW201537432A TW 201537432 A TW201537432 A TW 201537432A TW 103111121 A TW103111121 A TW 103111121A TW 103111121 A TW103111121 A TW 103111121A TW 201537432 A TW201537432 A TW 201537432A
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unit
electromagnetic wave
signal
finger
sensing
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TWI503734B (zh
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cun-xiao Wang
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Netio Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

本發明係一種電磁感應式觸控螢幕,包括顯示面板、電容感應陣列、多個選擇單元、多個壓控振盪器、多個數位電位計、多個電磁波接收檢測單元、標準電磁波發射單元及控制單元,且相對應選擇單元、壓控振盪器、數位電位計及電磁波接收檢測單元構成單一檢測單元,控制單元驅動標準電磁波發射單元以發射標準電磁波,並控制電磁波接收檢測單元,以掃描方式接收檢測電容感應陣列的感測電容感應值所產生的頻率飄移以檢測信號,判斷手指的位置,以及手指靠近電容感應陣列的程度或是否接觸到電容感應陣列,產生手指位置資訊以實現多點觸控顯示功能。

Description

電磁感應式觸控螢幕
本發明係有關於一種電磁感應式觸控螢幕,尤其是利用電磁波的頻率飄移以偵測多個手指的位置,進而實現多點觸控顯示功能。
現代電腦使用圖形介面當作人機互動方式,而滑鼠、鍵盤及觸控螢幕都是一般常使用的輸入裝置。觸控螢幕能以許多不同方式建構,而利用一般技術以建立觸控感測器的典型實例包括:
1. 電阻式觸控感測器(Resistive type touch sensor)
2. 表面電容(Surface capacitance)
3. 表面聲波(SAW)
4. 紅外線(IR)
5. 投影電容(Projected capacitance)
不同感測方法在最終應用環境中會有不同的應用問題,例如,投影電容觸控感測器會受到靠近PCT觸控感測器掃描頻率諧振的無線電頻率發射的影響。觸控控制器可報告因輻射無線電干擾所導致的錯誤資訊。
因此,已經開發出新技術,用以克服輻射無線電發射鄰近掃描諧振所導致的錯誤操作,其中電磁感測觸控螢幕能藉由接收會因手指碰觸而影響的信標RF信號,並可被控制器偵測到,以克服RS問題,而且沒有環境輻射能干擾這種新方法。
因此,非常需要一種創新的電磁感應式觸控螢幕,利用電容變化導致電磁波的頻率飄移,來偵測多個手指的位置,實現多點觸控顯示功能,藉以解決上述習用技術的問題。
本發明之主要目的在於提供一種電磁感應式觸控螢幕,主要係用以藉電容變化導致電磁波的頻率飄移,偵測手指的位置,進而實現多點觸控功能,包括顯示面板、電容感應陣列、多個選擇單元、多個壓控振盪器、多個數位電位計、多個電磁波接收檢測單元、標準電磁波發射單元以及控制單元,其中相對應的選擇單元、壓控振盪器、數位電位計以及電磁波接收檢測單元構成一檢測單元,而顯示面板連接外部的影像輸入裝置,接收影像資訊以顯示影像。
具體而言,電容感應陣列是配置成貼近顯示面板,且電容感應陣列可包含複數個電容感應單元,而每個電容感應單元是對應於影像中的特定區域。電容感應陣列可針對手指的接近程度而改變等效的電容值,產生電容值變化而發生諧振頻率飄移。
每個檢測單元是連結至相對應的電容感應單元。
每個選擇單元包含多個以層階式配置的多工選擇器,用以接收來自電容感應陣列的多個感測電容感應值,並依據掃描選擇信號,選取該等感測電容感應值的其中之一,當作諧振電路的壓控振盪器之諧振電容。壓控振盪器利用校準程序於無觸控情況下藉微處理器以保持不同電容感應陣列的電容差異而仍能產生正確振盪頻率,使得來自電容感應陣列的多個感測電容感應值都可於無觸控情形下正確接收到標準訊號。
此外,壓控振盪器接收最終感測電容感應值以及來自數位電位計的壓控信號以控制變容二極體,產生具相對應本地振盪頻率的本地振盪信號。電磁波接收檢測單元利用壓控振盪器的本地振盪信號,接收本地的標準訊號電磁波,產生檢測信號。控制單元連結電磁波接收檢測單元,接收檢測信號,進行標準訊號接收強度辨別處理,產生頻率控制信號以及掃描選擇信號。數位電位計接收頻率控制信號,進行數位至類比轉換處理,產生壓控信號。因此,當手指的接近程度而改變等效的電容值,產生電容值變化而發生頻率飄移,並使得壓控振盪器頻率發生飄移,導致所接收本地的標準電磁波的強度也發生變化。
本地的標準電磁波發射單元是由控制單元驅動,而產生具預設標準頻率的標準電磁波,並傳送至每個電磁波接收檢測單元。
因此,本發明可由控制單元進行手指偵測處理,以正確偵測手指的位置,並判斷手指靠近電容感應陣列的程度或是否接觸到電容感應陣列,產生手指位置資訊,其中手指偵測處理包括啟始操作及偵測操作。
具體而言,控制單元是先進行啟始操作,在手指遠離電容感應陣列時,壓控振盪器的本地振盪信號頻率並不發生飄移,而可接收到標準電磁波發射單元所發射的標準電磁波,是具有最大強度。同時,控制單元控制選擇單元以依序接收電容感應陣列的所有電容感應單元,而每次利用最終感測電容感應值來產生壓控振盪器頻率,並接收本地的標準電磁波,其接收的強度可以反向代表手指接近電容電磁感應陣列的程度。當掃描整個顯示面板的有效觸控區域時,壓控振盪器每次可依據最終感測電容值而產生本地振盪信號,而每個電容感應單元的電容值之間會因製程飄移而具有差異,因此不同壓控振盪器的本地振盪信號在沒有觸碰的情況下會有諧振頻率飄移的問題,可以利用校準程序使得微處理器利用壓控資訊來調整本地振盪信號,使得用以檢測標準電磁波的電磁波接收檢測單元所產生的檢測信號是發生於最大值,而控制單元同時會依序接收所有壓控振盪器的本地振盪信號,藉以產生具補償作用的壓控資訊,而使得壓控振盪器頻率保持在可以接收到最大值,並經數位電位計產生壓控信號而由壓控振盪器接收,進而調整本地振盪信號的本地振盪頻率,直到控制單元正確判斷手指未靠近或碰觸到電容單元為止,此時控制單元儲存壓控資訊,完成啟始操作。
簡而言之,起始操作主要是要校正整個電磁感應式觸控螢幕的觸控操作,藉以改善觸控的穩定性及精確性。
對於偵測操作,手指可靠近或碰觸電容感應單元,控制單元直接利用所存的壓控資訊,經數位電位計傳送給壓控振盪器,使得壓控振盪器會因手指的位置而改變本地振盪頻率,造成電磁波接收檢測單元的檢測信號發生改變。此時,控制單元可藉偵測檢測信號的改變,產生相對應的手指偵測資訊,用以代表手指的位置、靠近電容感應單元,或是否碰觸電容感應單元。
因此,當手指遠離時,電磁波接收檢測單元的檢測信號具有 最大強度,而隨著手指的靠近,檢測信號的強度會減弱,可依據檢測信號的強度下降到某一臨限值時,確認手指靠近或碰觸到電容感應單元,藉以實現多點觸控顯示功能的正確手指偵測操。
10‧‧‧顯示面板
20‧‧‧電容感應陣列
30‧‧‧選擇單元
40‧‧‧壓控振盪器(VCO)
50‧‧‧數位電位計(EEPOT)
60‧‧‧電磁波接收檢測單元(RXV)
70‧‧‧標準電磁波發射單元(STX)
80‧‧‧控制單元
ADAMP‧‧‧音頻放大器
ATT‧‧‧天線
C1、C2‧‧‧電容器
CS‧‧‧頻率控制信號
CV‧‧‧感測電容感應值
DEM‧‧‧解調器
DS‧‧‧檢測信號
E1‧‧‧天線
FC‧‧‧最終感測電容感應值
FG‧‧‧手指
FTR‧‧‧濾波器
IFAMP‧‧‧中頻放大器
L1、L2‧‧‧電感
LC‧‧‧本地振盪信號
MXR‧‧‧混頻器
Q1、Q2‧‧‧電晶體
R1、R2‧‧‧電阻
RFAMP‧‧‧無線電放大器
RFS‧‧‧標準電磁波
SS‧‧‧掃描選擇信號
UA‧‧‧檢測單元
VS‧‧‧壓控信號
Y1‧‧‧振盪器
S1‧‧‧啟始操作
S2‧‧‧偵測操作
S5‧‧‧開機確認是否需要校正
S10‧‧‧驅動標準電磁波發射單元
S20‧‧‧控制選擇單元掃描所有電容感應單元
S30‧‧‧產生本地振盪信號
S40‧‧‧量測調整本地振盪頻率
S45‧‧‧完成電容感應單元校正
S5A‧‧‧依序掃描所有電容單元以判斷是否發生觸控動作
S50‧‧‧傳送頻率控制信號
S60‧‧‧判斷頻率飄移
S70‧‧‧檢測該標準電磁波並產生檢測信號
S80‧‧‧產生並傳送手指位置資訊
第一圖顯示依據本發明實施例電磁感應式觸控螢幕的示意圖。
第二圖顯示依據本發明實施例電磁感應式觸控螢幕的示範性電路圖。
第三圖顯示本發明中電磁波接收檢測單元的示範性電路圖。
第四圖顯示本發明中標準電磁波發射單元的示範性電路圖。
第五圖顯示本發明電磁感應式觸控螢幕中控制單元所執行之手指偵測處理的操作流程示意。
以下配合圖示及元件符號對本發明之實施方式做更詳細的說明,俾使熟習該項技藝者在研讀本說明書後能據以實施。
參閱第一圖,依據本發明實施例電磁感應式觸控螢幕的示意圖。如第一圖所示,本發明的電磁感應式觸控螢幕包括顯示面板10、電容感應陣列20、多個選擇單元30、多個壓控振盪器(VCO)40、多個數位電位計(EEPOT)50、多個電磁波接收檢測單元(RXV)60、標準電磁波發射單元(STX)70以及控制單元80,其中該等選擇單元30、該等壓控振盪器40、該等數位電位計50、該等電磁波接收檢測單元60、標準電磁波發射單元70以及控制單元80構成觸控面板。此外,相對應的選擇單元30、壓控振盪器40、數位電位計50以及電磁波接收檢測單元60可構成單一檢測單元UA,因此本發明具有多個檢測單元UA。本發明可藉電磁波的頻率飄移,偵測手指FG的位置,產生手指位置資訊,進而實現多點觸控顯示功能。
顯示面板10可為具顯示影像功能的電子裝置,比如液晶顯示面板,用以連接外部的影像輸入裝置,比如電腦的顯示卡或影像晶片,接收影像資訊以顯示影像。
具體而言,電容感應陣列20具透光性,是配置成貼近顯示面板10,而電容感應陣列20包含複數個電容感應單元21,比如以X行、Y列的陣列方式配置,而每個電容感應單元21是對應於顯示面板10所顯示之影像中的特定區域。該等電容感應單元21本質上是由多個水平配置的驅動線(圖中未顯示)以及多個垂直配置的感測線(圖中未顯示)相互交錯而形成的多個電容感測節點,其中交錯的驅動線及感測線並不實體接觸,而是間隔一段距離或以高阻抗薄膜隔開。電容感應陣列20可針對手指FG的接近程度而改變等效的電容值,產生感測電容感應值CV。
每個檢測單元UA的選擇單元30是連結至電容感應陣列20中相對應的電容感應單元21,其中選擇單元30包含多個多工選擇器(Multiplexer)(圖中未顯示),比如4:1多工選擇器,或8:1多工選擇器,是以層階式配置,用以將接收來自電容感應陣列20的多個感測電容感應值CV,依據掃描選擇信號SS以選取該等感測電容感應值CV的其中之一,當作最終感測電容感應值FC,並輸出。
壓控振盪器40接收最終感測電容感應值FC以及來自數位電位計50的壓控信號VS,產生具相對應本地振盪頻率的本地振盪信號LC,亦即本地振盪頻率是依據本地振盪頻率以及壓控信號VS而調整。所以,在壓控信號VS不變下,本地振盪頻率會隨最終感測電容感應值FC的改變而改變,使得本地振盪頻率會因手指FG接近或碰觸電容感應陣列20而改變。
電磁波接收檢測單元60接收本地振盪信號,用以接收來自標準電磁波發射單元70的標準電磁波RFS,經檢測處理而產生檢測信號DS,其中標準電磁波RFS具預設的標準頻率。電磁波接收檢測單元60的具體電路可包括天線及信號檢測器(圖中未顯示),由天線接收高頻的標準電磁波RFS,並經信號檢測器檢測出表示接收強度的檢測信號DS。具體操作上,當本地振盪信號的本地振盪頻率越接近標準電磁波RFS的超外差標準頻率時,檢測信號DS會越大,表示手指遠離電容感應陣列20,或者,當本地振盪頻率以及標準頻率之間的頻率飄移越大時,表示手指越接近電容感應陣列20,如果檢測信號DS達到臨限值時,可啟動觸控功能。
控制單元80可用微控制器(MCU)而實現,主要是連結至所 有的選擇單元30、數位電位計50以及電磁波接收檢測單元60,可產生掃描選擇信號SS,用以控制每個選擇單元30選取出最終感測電容感應值FC,並同時接收檢測信號DS,進行頻率調變處理而產生頻率控制信號CS,而由數位電位計50進一步接收頻率控制信號CS。
數位電位計50可包括電氣可抹除電位計(electrically erasable potentiometer,EEPOT),比如市售美國Xicor公司的X9313或MAXIM公司的MX5128晶片,能依據頻率控制信號CS,進行電位調整處理,產生壓控信號VS,使得壓控振盪器40依據壓控信號VS,調整本地振盪信號LC的本地振盪頻率。
標準電磁波發射單元70是由控制單元驅動,產生標準電磁波RFS,並傳送至每個檢測單元UA的電磁波接收檢測單元60。
為進一步清楚了解本發明的具體操作方式及功效,請參考第二圖,本發明的示範性電路圖,不過要注意的是,第二圖中的電子元件只是示範性的實例而已,並非用以限制本發明的範圍,亦即具有相同功能的電子元件都應包含在本發明的範圍內。例如,示範性電路圖利用最終感測電容感應值FC會改變,來使本地振盪頻率也改變,但是也可以利用最終感測電容感應值FC連接在接收器的諧振槽路使接收器之接收頻率偏移使標準接收訊號強度因接收器頻率偏移而改變。
更加具體而言,本發明的主要特徵在於利用無線電接收器及發射器的方式,判斷接收訊號是否改變,因此,只要是利用諧振槽路的共振頻率飄移現象的設計,都應落入本專利的權利範圍內,而不論是設置何種發射器或接收器。
在第二圖的實例中,包含4個檢測單元UA,且電容感應陣列20是包含32x4個電容感應單元21,並分成四組,每組可包含32個電容感應單元21,因此能針對顯示面板10的相對應32個區域進行手指位置的偵測,且每個選擇單元30包含4個8:1多工選擇器以及1個4:1多工選擇器,能從32個電容感應單元21所產生的32個感測電容感應值CV中,依據掃描選擇信號SS,逐一選取出其中之一當作最終感測電容感應值FC。
控制單元80也可利用4:1多工選擇器及/或預先調整器 (Pre-scaler)/或除頻器,配合選擇信號,逐一選取4個檢測單元UA中每個壓控振盪器40所產生的本地振盪信號LC,其中控制單元80的選擇信號必須與掃描選擇信號SS相配合用於校正與確認每個壓控振盪器40的振盪頻率。
此外,控制單元80還可進一步連結至外部的處理單元或裝置,比如通用序列匯流排(USB)裝置或電腦,用以在手指靠近或碰觸到電容感應陣列20時,將掃描選擇信號SS所對應的電容感應單元21當作代表手指位置的手指位置資訊而傳送,並由處理單元或裝置執行相對的電氣操作,比如執行該位置之相對應圖示的預設處理,包含傳送檔案或訊息、打開檔案、啟動執行檔、超連結至特定網址、或啟動特定裝置,如網路攝影機或網路電話。
電磁波接收檢測單元60的示範性電路如第三圖所示,係類似於一般無線電接收器的電路,其中電磁波接收檢測單元60包括依序串接的天線ATT、無線電放大器RFAMP、混頻器MXR、濾波器FTR、中頻放大器IFAMP、解調器DEM以及音頻放大器ADAMP,其中無線電放大器RFAMP、混頻器MXR、濾波器FTR、中頻放大器IFAMP、解調器DEM以及音頻放大器ADAMP構成上述的信號檢測器。具體操作是由天線ATT接收標準電磁波RFS,由混頻器MXR接收本地振盪信號LC,並由濾波器FTR、中頻放大器IFAMP、解調器DEM以及音頻放大器ADAMP進行,檢測而產生檢測信號DS。要注意的是,電磁波接收檢測單元60並不受限於第三圖的電路,而是其他相等電路皆包含在電磁波接收檢測單元60的範圍內。
由於標準電磁波RFS與電磁波接收檢測單元60不希望受到外界訊號干擾而影響觸控偵測,所以較佳的,電磁波接收檢測單元60的電路以及天線ATT與標準電磁波RFS的電路可利用電路耦合元件而直接連接,並加上接地隔離罩來防止外界訊號干擾。
本電磁感應式觸控螢幕也可利用其他接收方式如直接檢波、再生式、超再生式等接收器,利用電容值變化所發生諧振頻率漂飄的現象來檢測觸控動作。
可進一步參考第四圖,本發明中標準電磁波發射單元70的示範性電路圖,其中標準電磁波發射單元70包括二電晶體Q1、Q2,二電 容器C1、C2,二電感L1、L2,天線E1,二電阻R1、R2,以及振盪器Y1,控制單元80連接至電阻R2,藉以控制電晶體Q1的導通與否,進而控制標準電磁波RFS的發射。要注意的是,第四圖的電路只是示範性實例而已,其他具有相對等無線發射功能的元件或裝置都可用於實現標準電磁波發射單元70。
因此,本發明電磁感應式觸控螢幕的整體功能包括利用控制單元80進行手指偵測處理,用以正確偵測手指FG在電容感應陣列20的位置,並判斷手指FG靠近電容感應陣列20的程度或是否接觸到電容感應陣列20,其中手指偵測處理是包括如第五圖所示的啟始操作S1及偵測操作S2。
具體而言,控制單元80是先進行啟始操作S1,主要包括步驟S5、S10、S20、S30、S40及S45。首先,在步驟S5中,主要是開機後先確認是否需要進行電容感應單元的校正,如果不需要校正,則直接進入步驟S45,直接利用原有校正數據對電容感應單元校正,而如果是需要校正,則進入步驟S10。
在步驟S10中,當手指FG遠離電容感應陣列20時,驅動標準電磁波發射單元70以發射標準電磁波RFS。
接著進入步驟S20,控制單元80傳送掃描選擇信號SS以控制每個選擇單元30,使得選擇單元30依序接收每個電容感應單元21所產生的感測電容感應值CV,並產生最終感測電容感應值FC,來控制本地振盪信號LC頻率,而以有否接收標準電磁波來判斷,藉以掃描整個顯示面板10的有效觸控區域。
在步驟S30中,壓控振盪器40依據最終感測電容感應值FC而產生本地振盪信號LC,而因為每個電容感應單元21的電容值之間會因製程飄移而具有差異,所以不同壓控振盪器40的本地振盪信號LC會有頻率飄移的問題,使得利用本地振盪信號LC檢測標準電磁波RFS的電磁波接收檢測單元60所產生的檢測信號DS會發生變動。
接著執行步驟S40,由控制單元80同時會依序接收所有壓控振盪器40的本地振盪信號LC經由4:1多工選擇器及/或預先調整器 (Pre-scaler)/或除頻器輸入至控制單元80計算未經補償的頻率,藉以查表產生具補償作用的頻率控制信號CS,並經數位電位計50產生壓控信號VS而由壓控振盪器40接收,進而調整本地振盪信號LC的本地振盪頻率來補償電容感應陣列因位置不同的無觸控電容差異,形成閉迴路的自我控制使補償後的本地振盪頻率符合設計值來接收標準電磁波,並持續依序進行上訴校正,直到控制單元80完成所有電容感應陣列20可以在手指FG未靠近或碰觸到電容感應單元21時都可產生補償後的本地振盪頻率正確接收標準電磁波為止,此時控制單元80儲存頻率控制信號CS,當作壓控資訊。最後,進入步驟S45,完成電容感應單元校正,並結束整個啟始操作S1。
簡而言之,啟始操作S1主要是要校正整個電磁感應式觸控螢幕的觸控操作,補償各個單元或環境造成的偏移,藉以改善觸控的穩定性及精確性。
對於偵測操作S2,可包括依序執行的步驟S5A、S50、S60、S70及S80。首先,在步驟S5A中,依序掃描所有電容單元,主要是用以判斷是否發生觸控動作。接著在步驟S50中,當手指FG靠近或碰觸某一電容感應單元21,控制單元80直接利用所儲存的壓控資訊,將頻率控制信號CS傳送至數位電位計50,產生壓控信號VS,而接著在步驟S60中,由壓控振盪器40接收壓控信號VS,並依據選擇單元30的最終感測電容感應值FC,調整本地振盪信號LC的本地振盪頻率。如果手指FG靠近或碰觸電容感應單元21時,最終感測電容感應值FC會改變,因此本地振盪頻率也改變,而與標準電磁波RFS之間發生頻率飄移。
在步驟S70中,電磁波接收檢測單元60利用本地振盪信號LC檢測標準電磁波RFS,產生代表手指FG靠近電容感應單元21的程度或是否碰觸到電容感應單元21的檢測信號DS。最後在步驟S80中,控制單元80依據檢測信號DS,判斷是否發生頻率飄移或頻率飄移的程度,進而在檢測信號DS的強度低於預設臨限值時,將電容感應單元21的位置當作手指FG的位置,產生並傳送手指位置資訊。最後,回到步驟S5A,依序掃描所有電容單元以判斷是否發生觸控動作,重複後續的步驟。
綜上所述,本發明的主要特點在於利用電磁波的無線傳送方 式,經標準電磁波發射單元發射標準電磁波,而由電磁波接收檢測單元接收標準電磁波,並利用本地振盪信號檢測以產生檢測信號,且因手指會影響電容感應陣列中電容感應單元的電容值,而使得本地振盪信號的本地振盪頻率飄移,進而可依據檢測信的強度變化,判斷本地振盪信號以及標準電磁波之間的頻率飄移程度,藉以同時偵測出至少一手指接近或碰觸的位置,產生手指位置資訊。
因此整體而言,本發明利用掃描選擇信號,可在單一掃描循環中,對電容感應陣列的所有電容感應單元進行掃描偵測,能同時偵測出至少一手指接近或碰觸的位置,因而實現多點觸控(Multi-touch)顯示功能,用以正確偵測出多個手指的姿勢,比如按壓、滑動、拖拉、撐開、縮捏、旋轉。
以上所述者僅為用以解釋本發明之較佳實施例,並非企圖據以對本發明做任何形式上之限制,是以,凡有在相同之發明精神下所作有關本發明之任何修飾或變更,皆仍應包括在本發明意圖保護之範疇。
10‧‧‧顯示面板
20‧‧‧電容感應陣列
30‧‧‧選擇單元
40‧‧‧壓控振盪器(VCO)
50‧‧‧數位電位計(EEPOT)
60‧‧‧電磁波接收檢測單元(RXV)
70‧‧‧標準電磁波發射單元(STX)
80‧‧‧控制單元
CS‧‧‧頻率控制信號
CV‧‧‧感測電容感應值
DS‧‧‧檢測信號
FC‧‧‧最終感測電容感應值
FG‧‧‧手指
RFS‧‧‧標準電磁波
LC‧‧‧本地振盪信號
SS‧‧‧掃描選擇信號
UA‧‧‧檢測單元
VS‧‧‧壓控信號

Claims (9)

  1. 一種電磁感應式觸控螢幕,係用以藉電磁波的頻率飄移,偵測至少一手指的位置,進而實現多點觸控顯示功能,包括一顯示面板、一電容感應陣列、多個選擇單元、多個壓控振盪器、多個數位電位計、多個電磁波接收檢測單元、一標準電磁波發射單元以及一控制單元,其中相對應的該選擇單元、該壓控振盪器、該數位電位計及該電磁波接收檢測單元構成一檢測單元,且其特徵在於:該顯示面板連接外部的一影像輸入裝置,接收一影像資訊以顯示一影像;該電容感應陣列具透光性,是配置成貼近該顯示面板,且該電容感應陣列可包含複數個電容感應單元,而每個電容感應單元是對應於該顯示面板所顯示之該影像中的一特定區域,且該電容感應單元可針對該至少一手指的接近程度而改變等效的電容值,產生一感測電容感應值;該選擇單元連結至該電容感應陣列中相對應的電容感應單元,且該選擇單元包含多個以層階式配置的多工選擇器,用以將接收來自該電容感應陣列的多個感測電容感應值,依據來自該控制單元的一掃描選擇信號,以選取該等感測電容感應值的其中之一當作諧振電路的壓控振盪器之諧振電容,並輸出;該壓控振盪器接收該最終感測電容感應值以及來自該數位電位計的一壓控信號,以控制變容二極體,產生具一本地振盪頻率 的一本地振盪信號;該電磁波接收檢測單元利用該壓控振盪器的本地振盪信號以接收來自該標準電磁波發射單元的一標準訊號電磁波,並經一檢測處理而產生一檢測信號,且該標準電磁波具預設的一標準訊號;該控制單元連結至該等選擇單元、該等數位電位計以及該等電磁波接收檢測單元,進行一手指偵測處理,用以產生該掃描選擇信號,以控制每個選擇單元選取出該最終感測電容感應值,並同時接收該檢測信號以進行一頻率調變處理,而產生該頻率控制信號;該數位電位計接收該頻率控制信號以進行一電位調整處理,產生該壓控信號,使得該壓控振盪器依據該壓控信號以調整該本地振盪信號的本地振盪頻率;以及該標準電磁波發射單元是由該控制單元驅動,產生該標準電磁波,並傳送至每個電磁波接收檢測單元。
  2. 依據申請專利範圍第1項之電磁感應式觸控螢幕,其中該等電容感應單元是以X行Y列的陣列方式配置。
  3. 依據申請專利範圍第1項之電磁感應式觸控螢幕,其中該電磁波接收檢測單元包括一天線及一信號檢測器,並由該天線接收該標準電磁波,且由該信號檢測器檢測出表示接收強度的該 檢測信號。
  4. 依據申請專利範圍第1項之電磁感應式觸控螢幕,其中該控制單元是用微控制器(MCU)而實現。
  5. 依據申請專利範圍第1項之電磁感應式觸控螢幕,其中該數位電位計包括電氣可抹除電位計(electrically erasable potentiometer,EEPOT)。
  6. 依據申請專利範圍第1項之電磁感應式觸控螢幕,其中該控制單元的手指偵測處理包括一啟始操作及一偵測操作,且該啟始操作係用以校正觸控操作,並補償各個單元或環境所造成的偏移,而該偵測操作是偵測該手指的位置,產生一手指位置資訊,並傳送至外部的一處理單元或一裝置,包含一通用序列匯流排(USB)裝置或一電腦。
  7. 依據申請專利範圍第6項之電磁感應式觸控螢幕,其中該控制單元的啟始操作包括:開機確認是否需要校正,如果不需要校正,則完成電容感應單元校正,而如果是需要校正,則進行以下步驟;當該手指遠離該電容感應陣列時,驅動該標準電磁波發射單元以發射該標準電磁波; 該控制單元傳送該掃描選擇信號至每個選擇單元,使得該選擇單元依序接收該電容感應單元所產生的感測電容感應值,並產生該最終感測電容感應值,藉以掃描該顯示面板的整個有效觸控區域;該壓控振盪器依據該最終感測電容感應值而產生該本地振盪信號;以及該控制單元同時接收所有該等壓控振盪器的本地振盪信號,產生具補償作用的該頻率控制信號,並經該數位電位計產生該壓控信號而由該壓控振盪器接收,進而調整該本地振盪信號的本地振盪頻率,並持續進行,直到該控制單元正確判斷該手指未靠近或碰觸到該電容感應單元為止,此時,該控制單元儲存該頻率控制信號,當作該壓控資訊,因而完成電容感應單元校正。
  8. 依據申請專利範圍第6項之電磁感應式觸控螢幕,其中該控制單元的偵測操作包括:依序掃描所有電容單元以判斷是否發生觸控動作;當該手指靠近或碰觸某一電容感應單元時,該控制單元直接利用所儲存的該壓控資訊而將該頻率控制信號傳送至該數位電位計,用以產生該壓控信號;由該壓控振盪器接收該壓控信號,並依據該選擇單元的最終感測電容感應值以調整該本地振盪信號的本地振盪頻率,而如果該手指靠近或碰觸該電容感應單元時,該最終感測電容感應值 會改變,使得該本地振盪頻率改變,進而與該標準電磁波之間發生頻率飄移;該電磁波接收檢測單元利用該本地振盪信號以檢測該標準電磁波,產生代表該手指靠近該電容感應單元的程度或是否碰觸到該電容感應單元的檢測信號;以及該控制單元依據該測信號以判斷是否發生頻率飄移或判斷頻率飄移的程度,進而在該檢測信號的強度低於預設的一臨限值時,將該電容感應單元的位置當作該手指的位置,產生並傳送該手指位置資訊,再回到該依序掃描所有電容單元以判斷是否發生觸控動作的步驟,並重複後續步驟。
  9. 依據申請專利範圍第1項之電磁感應式觸控螢幕,其中該等電容感應單元是由多個水平配置的驅動線以及多個垂直配置的感測線相互交錯而形成的多個電容感測節點,且交錯的該驅動線及該感測線並不實體接觸,而是間隔一段距離或以一高阻抗薄膜隔開。
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TWI712022B (zh) * 2020-01-09 2020-12-01 友達光電股份有限公司 顯示裝置
CN111681600B (zh) * 2020-01-09 2021-07-27 友达光电股份有限公司 显示装置

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