TW201532791A - Three-dimensional print forming method using metallic material or ceramic material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional print forming method using metallic material or ceramic material, comprising the following steps: (S01) providing metal or ceramic powder in 100 parts by weight and adding binder in 3-25 parts by weight for mixing to form a mixed material; (S03) heating and compounding the mixed material to make it have rheological property; (S05) extrusion forming and cooling the mixed material having rheological property to make it in strip shape; (S07) using a three-dimensional printing machine to print the strip-shaped mixed material to form a three-dimensional crude product; (S09) degreasing the three-dimensional crude product to remove the binder; (S11) sintering the degreased three-dimensional crude product; and (S13) forming the final three-dimensional product. Accordingly, this invention can use metal or ceramic material for printing to form a higher-strength three-dimensional product.

Description

Three-dimensional printing method using metal material or ceramic material

The invention relates to a three-dimensional printing method, in particular to a three-dimensional printing method using a metal material or a ceramic material for printing.

The conventional three-dimensional printing method uses a plastic material such as Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) or Polylactic Acid (PLA) for printing, and the above-mentioned plastic material is printed. The three-dimensional finished product has problems such as insufficient mechanical strength or wear resistance, etc., so it can only be used for timing of proofing, mold opening, etc.

When a metal injection molding method or a ceramic injection molding method is used to produce a finished product having high strength, there is a problem that it takes time and the mold cost is high.

Therefore, how to invent a three-dimensional printing method, using metal materials or ceramic materials for printing to form a three-dimensional finished product with high strength, will be actively disclosed in the present invention.

In order to solve the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional printing method using a metal material or a ceramic material, which is printed using a metal material or a ceramic material to form a three-dimensional finished product having high strength.

To achieve the above and other objects, the present invention provides a three-dimensional printing method using a metal material or a ceramic material comprising the following seven steps.

Step (S01) providing 100 parts by weight of a metal powder or ceramic powder, and mixing 3-25 parts by weight of a thermoplastic polymer material as a binder to the metal powder or the ceramic powder to form a mixed material; Step (S03) The mixed material is subjected to a heat kneading process to impart rheological properties to the mixed material; and the step (S05) is to extrude and cool the mixed material having rheological properties to make the mixed material having rheological properties. Forming the mixed material into strips; step (S07) printing the strip of the mixed material by a three-dimensional printing machine to form a rough three-dimensional finished product; and step (S09) degreasing the crude three-dimensional finished product, To remove the binder; the step (S11) to subject the degreased rough three-dimensional finished product to sintering; and the step (S13) to form a final three-dimensional finished product.

In the above three-dimensional printing method, in the step (S09), the degreasing treatment is thermal degreasing or solvent degreasing.

In the above three-dimensional printing method, between the step (S09) and the step (S11), the method further comprises the following steps: (S10) performing the precision processing of the degreased three-dimensional finished product.

In the above three-dimensional printing method, after the step (S11), the method further comprises the step of: (S12) subjecting the sintered three-dimensional finished product to precision processing.

In the above three-dimensional printing method, in step (S01), 1-10 parts by weight of a plasticizer or lubricant is further mixed to the metal powder or the ceramic powder; and in the step (S09), the degreasing The treatment removes the plasticizer or lubricant.

In the above three-dimensional printing method, in the step (S11), the temperature of the sintering treatment is 800 ° C or higher.

In the above three-dimensional printing method, in the step (S01), the binder is 7-15 parts by weight.

In summary, the present invention uses a three-dimensional printing method of a metal material or a ceramic material, and by the above steps, printing can be performed on a metal material or a ceramic material to form a three-dimensional finished product having high strength.

In order to fully understand the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail by the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a three-dimensional printing method using a metal material or a ceramic material, which comprises seven steps.

First, in step S101, 100 parts by weight of metal powder or ceramic powder is provided, and 3-25 parts by weight of a binder is mixed to the metal powder or the ceramic powder to form a mixed material, and the binder is preferably 7 -15 parts by weight. For example, when a three-dimensional finished product of metal is to be produced, 100 g of metal powder is mixed with 10 g of a binder to form the mixed material. Wherein, the metal powder is a powder such as iron, stainless steel or alloy, and the ceramic powder is a powder such as alumina, zirconia, iron oxide, lithium iron phosphate, tantalum carbide or tantalum nitride, etc., and the binder is a thermoplastic polymer compound. (for example, resin, plastic or wax, etc.), and the binder is preferably solid at normal temperature.

Next, in step S103, the mixed material is subjected to a heat kneading process to impart rheological properties to the mixed material, wherein the metal powder in the mixed material is uniformly distributed with the binder.

Next, in step S105, the mixed material having rheological properties is subjected to an extrusion molding treatment and a cooling treatment to form the mixed material having rheological properties into a strip-shaped mixed material; wherein the strip-shaped material The mixed material is solid. Thereby, it is advantageous for the user to store and move the strip-shaped mixed material.

Next, in step S107, the strip-shaped mixed material is conveyed to a three-dimensional printing machine for printing processing to form a rough three-dimensional finished product. For example, when metal powder is used, the rough three-dimensional finished product is a screw, a nut, a metal box, a metal cover, a transmission gear, a metal connecting rod or a bearing, etc.; when a ceramic powder is used, the crude three-dimensional finished product is a vase, Porcelain bowls, cups, dentures, artificial bones or joints, acid and alkali resistant, engineering ceramic guides or guide wheels, battery cells or refractory materials...etc. The above-mentioned rough three-dimensional finished product is merely an example and is not limited thereto.

Next, in step S109, the crude three-dimensional finished product is degreased to remove the binder, so that the component of the crude three-dimensional finished product contains only metal or ceramic. Further, depending on the composition of the binder, thermal degreasing or solvent degreasing is selected; further, the degreasing temperature is about 200-800 ° C, preferably 400-500 ° C.

Next, in step S111, the degreased crude three-dimensional finished product is subjected to sintering treatment. If the crude three-dimensional finished product contains metal powder, the sintering temperature is preferably about 800 ° C or higher; if the crude three-dimensional finished product contains ceramic powder, The sintering temperature is preferably 1200 ° C or higher.

Finally, in step S113, the sintered three-dimensional finished product forms a final three-dimensional finished product.

In summary, the present invention uses a three-dimensional printing method of a metal material or a ceramic material, and by the above steps, can print on a metal material or a ceramic material to form a three-dimensional finished product having high strength, and is applied to various fields. .

Next, please refer to FIG. 2, which is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a three-dimensional printing method using a metal material or a ceramic material according to the present invention. The second embodiment of the three-dimensional printing method includes two steps in addition to the seven steps in the first embodiment, for a total of nine steps.

Between step S109 and step S111, step S110 is further included, and the rough three-dimensional finished product is subjected to precision processing to trim the rough three-dimensional finished product and level the surface of the rough three-dimensional finished product. Wherein, the precision processing can be performed by cutting, polishing or grinding.

After step S111, step S112 is further included, and the sintered three-dimensional finished product is subjected to precision processing to improve the precision thereof. Wherein, the precision processing can be performed by cutting, polishing or grinding.

It should be understood that step S110 and step S112 determine whether or not to implement according to the condition of the rough three-dimensional finished product, and therefore, step S110 and step S112 may be omitted.

In addition, although not shown, it should be understood that, in step S101, the user additionally adds 1-10 parts by weight of a plasticizer or lubricant to the metal powder or the ceramic powder, wherein the plasticizer or The lubricant is in a solid state; and, in step S109, the plasticizer or lubricant is removed by the degreasing treatment. Thereby, the production quality of the final three-dimensional finished product is improved.

In summary, the present invention uses a three-dimensional printing method of a metal material or a ceramic material, and by the above steps, printing can be performed on a metal material or a ceramic material to form a three-dimensional finished product having high strength.

The invention has been described above in terms of the preferred embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It should be noted that variations and permutations equivalent to those of the embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the scope of the patent application.

S101-113‧‧‧Steps

Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing a first embodiment of a three-dimensional printing method using a metal material or a ceramic material according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing a second embodiment of a three-dimensional printing method using a metal material or a ceramic material according to the present invention.

S101-S113‧‧‧Steps

Claims (9)

A three-dimensional printing method using a metal material or a ceramic material, comprising the steps of: (S01) providing 100 parts by weight of a metal powder or a ceramic powder, and mixing 3-25 parts by weight of a binder to the metal powder or the ceramic a powder to form a mixed material; (S03) heating and kneading the mixed material to impart rheological properties to the mixed material; (S05) extruding and cooling the mixed material having rheological properties, The mixed material having rheological properties is formed into strips of the mixed material; (S07) the strip of the mixed material is printed by a three-dimensional printer to form a rough three-dimensional finished product; (S09) The crude three-dimensional finished product is subjected to degreasing treatment to remove the bonding agent; (S11) the degreased processed three-dimensional finished product is subjected to sintering treatment; and (S13) to form a final three-dimensional finished product. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (S09), the degreasing treatment is thermal degreasing or solvent degreasing. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 2, further comprising the step of: (S10) performing the precision processing of the degreased three-dimensional finished product between the step (S09) and the step (S11). The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of: (S10) performing the precision processing of the degreased three-dimensional finished product between the step (S09) and the step (S11). The three-dimensional printing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, after the step (S11), further comprising the step of: (S12) subjecting the sintered three-dimensional finished product to precision processing. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 5, wherein in step (S01), 1-10 parts by weight of a plasticizer or lubricant is further mixed to the metal powder or the ceramic powder; and in step (S09) The degreasing treatment removes the plasticizer or lubricant. The three-dimensional printing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step (S01), 1-10 parts by weight of a plasticizer or lubricant is further mixed to the metal powder or the ceramic powder; And in the step (S09), the degreasing treatment removes the plasticizer or the lubricant. The three-dimensional printing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the step (S11), the temperature of the sintering treatment is 800 ° C or higher. The three-dimensional printing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the step (S01), the binder is 7 to 15 parts by weight.