TW201505063A - Protective element and overcurrent/overvoltage protective module - Google Patents

Abstract

A protective element including a substrate, an electrode layer, a metal structure, a heater, an outer cover and an arc extinguishing structure is provided. The electrode layer is disposed on the substrate. The electrode layer includes at least one gap. The metal structure is disposed on the electrode layer and located above the gap and has lower melting point than the electrode layer. The heater is disposed on the substrate and makes the metal structure to melt. The outer cover is disposed on the substrate and covers the metal structure and portion of the electrode layer. The arc extinguishing structure is disposed between the outer cover and the substrate.

Description

Protection component and overcurrent and overvoltage protection module

The present invention relates to a protective element, and more particularly to an overcurrent and overvoltage protection component having an arc extinguishing structure.

Today's society is increasingly dependent on electronic products. There are always electronic products around people, and electronic products have circuits inside. And whether it is a simple circuit or a complex circuit, it will always include basic passive components, such as resistive components, capacitive components, inductive components, or overcurrent/overvoltage protection components used to protect circuits.

Taking an overcurrent/overvoltage protection component as an example, the overcurrent/overvoltage protection component is mainly used to protect the circuit or electrical equipment in the circuit from being damaged by the excessive excess current or excessive voltage. . Overcurrent/overvoltage protection when the instantaneous current exceeds the predetermined current value The fuse made of alloy material in the component will be blown by the high temperature due to the heat generated by the instantaneous excessive current, thereby forming an open circuit, so that excessive current does not flow into the circuit to protect the circuit and electrical equipment from damage.

Usually, the overcurrent/overvoltage protection component performs a breaking capacity test after completion, so as to know whether the insulation resistance of the component can reach the breaking requirement, and the electronic device according to different types and requirements also has different interruptions. Capacity test. The occlusion capacity test is a test of high wattage and high power, so that the fuse of the overcurrent/overvoltage protection component is instantaneously blown during the test, and at the same time, an arcing effect is generated, so that the surrounding electronic components are easily burned and damaged. Expensive system equipment. Therefore, how to improve the above problems is one of the focuses that deserve attention.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an overcurrent and overvoltage protection component to solve the short circuit problem caused by the splash of conductive material caused by the arc effect generated by the conventional structure when performing the breaking capacity test.

To achieve the above advantages, the present invention provides a protective element comprising a substrate, an electrode layer, a metal structure, a heater, an outer cover, and an arc extinguishing structure. The electrode layer is disposed on the substrate. The electrode layer includes at least one gap. The metal structure is disposed on the electrode layer and above the gap, having a lower melting point than the electrode layer. The heater is disposed on the substrate, and the heater generates heat to cause the metal structure to be in a molten state. s It is disposed on the substrate and covers the metal structure and a part of the electrode layer. The arc extinguishing structure is disposed between the outer cover and the substrate.

In an embodiment of the invention, the arc extinguishing structure is disposed in the gap and is located between the substrate and the metal structure.

In an embodiment of the invention, the arc extinguishing structure includes a plurality of inorganic particles.

In an embodiment of the invention, the arc extinguishing structure comprises a polyoxyn resin.

In an embodiment of the invention, the arc extinguishing structure includes a plurality of inorganic particles and a flux.

In order to achieve the above advantages, another aspect of the present invention provides an overcurrent and overvoltage protection module including a circuit board and overcurrent and overvoltage protection components. The overcurrent and overvoltage protection components are disposed on the circuit board, and the overcurrent and overvoltage protection components include a substrate, an electrode layer, a metal structure, a heater, an outer cover, and a protective film. The substrate is disposed on the circuit board. The electrode layer is disposed on the substrate, and the electrode layer includes at least one gap. The metal structure is disposed on the electrode layer and above the gap. The heater is disposed on the substrate, and the heater generates heat to cause the metal structure to be in a molten state. The outer cover is disposed on the substrate and covers the metal structure and the partial electrode layer. The protective film covers the protective component and a portion of the circuit board.

The protective element of the present invention adopts an arc extinguishing structure composed of a plurality of inorganic particles or polyoxynoxy resin, and under such a structural design, the arc extinguishing effect can be effectively improved, and the barrier accumulated in these gaps can be effectively blocked. The conductive material creates a pathway. In addition, in the present invention, since the arc-extinguishing structure is disposed on the inner surface of the outer cover, the generation of the conduction path between the electrodes can be effectively reduced, and the insulation resistance between the electrodes can be improved. In addition, the protection element of the present invention may also be provided with a through hole on the substrate as an arc extinguishing structure, and the conductive material such as carbon black and metal powder generated when the protective element performs the breaking capacity test can pass through the through holes. Discharge, of course, this through hole can also exist simultaneously with the arc extinguishing structure disposed in the gap.

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more <RTIgt;

1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f‧‧‧ protective components

10‧‧‧Substrate

11‧‧‧Electrode layer

12‧‧‧Metal structure

13, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e, 14f‧‧‧ arc extinguishing structure

14‧‧‧ Cover

15‧‧‧heater

16‧‧‧Insulation protection layer

17‧‧‧through hole

101‧‧‧ first surface

102‧‧‧ second surface

103‧‧‧First side surface

104‧‧‧Second side surface

111, 112‧‧ ‧ gap

113‧‧‧First electrode layer

114‧‧‧Second electrode layer

115‧‧‧ third electrode layer

116‧‧‧fourth electrode layer

140‧‧‧ inside surface

170‧‧‧ openings

1131‧‧‧ first side electrode

1132‧‧‧Second side electrode

1133‧‧‧Intermediate electrode

1141‧‧‧ third side electrode

1142‧‧‧4th electrode

2‧‧‧Overcurrent and overvoltage protection modules

20‧‧‧ boards

21‧‧‧Protective film

H1, H2‧‧‧ height

W1, W2, W3, W4‧‧‧ width

L1, L2, L3, L4, L5‧‧‧ length

1A is a top perspective view of a protective element in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view along line AA' shown in FIG. 1A.

FIG. 1C is a schematic view showing the relationship between the arc-extinguishing structure and the electrode layer shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

2 is a top plan view of a protection element according to another embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing an over-protection element according to another embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a protection element according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a protection element according to another embodiment of the present invention.

6A is a cross-sectional view showing a protection element according to another embodiment of the present invention.

6B and FIG. 6C are schematic diagrams showing the relationship between length and width between the arc extinguishing structure and the electrode layer shown in FIG. 6A.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a protection element according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a protection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1A and FIG. 1B, FIG. 1A is a top perspective view of a protective element according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view along line AA' shown in FIG. 1A. As shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the protection element 1 described in this embodiment is, for example, a protection element having an overcurrent and overvoltage protection function. The protective element 1 described in this embodiment includes a substrate 10, an electrode layer 11, a metal structure 12, an arc extinguishing structure 13, and an outer cover 14. The electrode layer 11 is disposed on the substrate 10, and the electrode layer 11 includes the gaps 111 and 112. In the embodiment, the number of the gaps is described by taking two examples. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of the gaps may be practical. The demand changes, for example, the number of gaps may be one or two or more. The metal structure 12 is disposed on the electrode layer 11 and above the gaps 111, 112. In the present embodiment, the metal structure 12 is, for example, a fusible alloy having a lower melting point than the electrode layer 11, and the material thereof is, for example, tin-lead alloy, tin. Silver lead alloy, A low melting point alloy such as a tin indium antimonide alloy, a tin antimony alloy, or a tin silver copper alloy, but the invention is not limited thereto. The arc extinguishing structure 13 is disposed in the gaps 111, 112 and between the metal structure 12 and the substrate 10. The outer cover 14 is disposed on the substrate 10 and covers the metal structure 12 and a portion of the electrode layer 11. The detailed structure of the protective element 1 described in this embodiment will be further described below.

According to the above, as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the embodiment is described. The substrate 10 has an opposite first surface 101, a second surface 102, and an opposite first side surface 103 and a second side surface 104, wherein the first side surface 103 and the second side surface 104 are adjacent to the first surface 101 and the first surface, respectively. Between the two surfaces 102. The electrode layer 11 includes a first electrode layer 113, a second electrode layer 114, a third electrode layer 115, and a fourth electrode layer 116. The first electrode layer 113 is located on the first surface 101 of the substrate 10. The second electrode layer 114 is located on the second surface 102 of the substrate 10. The first electrode layer 113 includes a first side electrode 1131, a second side electrode 1132, and an intermediate electrode 1133 between the first side electrode 1131 and the second side electrode 1132. The second electrode layer 114 includes a third side electrode 1141 and a fourth side electrode 1142. The third side electrode 1141 and the fourth side electrode 1142 respectively correspond to the first side electrode 1131 and the second side electrode 1132, and the third electrode layer 115 is located on the first side surface 103 and electrically connected to the first side electrode 1131 and the first side The third side electrode 1141 and the fourth side electrode layer 116 are located on the second side surface 104 and electrically connected to the second side electrode 1132 and the fourth side electrode 1142. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the third electrode layer 115 and the fourth electrode layer 116 are respectively illustrated on the first side surface 103 and the second side surface 104, but the present invention does not Limited, in other embodiments (not shown), The third electrode layer and the fourth electrode layer may also be electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer in a via hole manner in the substrate. The gaps 111, 112 of the electrode layer 11 are respectively located between the first side electrode 1131 and the intermediate electrode 1133 and between the second side electrode 1132 and the intermediate electrode 1133, so that the first side electrode 1131, the second side electrode 1132 and the intermediate electrode 1133 electrical isolation. Specifically, the outer cover 14 is disposed on the first side electrode 1131, the second side electrode 1132, and the intermediate electrode 1133 of the substrate 10 and the first electrode layer 113. The outer cover 14 is mainly used for accommodating the metal structure 12 and the arc extinguishing structure. 13.

The arc extinguishing structure 13 described in the present embodiment is composed of, for example, a plurality of inorganic particles, that is, these inorganic particles are filled in the gaps 111 and 112 of the electrode layer 11 and composed of these inorganic particles. The arc extinguishing structure 13 enhances the interrupting rating of the protective element 1, thereby effectively improving the arc extinguishing effect, increasing the insulation resistance between the electrodes, and avoiding short circuits. In this embodiment, the material of the inorganic particles includes cerium oxide (SiO ₂ , also known as quartz), aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), clay (clay, for example, montmorillonite, kaolin, Talc), metal oxide powder or clay. It is worth mentioning that the particle diameter of the inorganic particles filled in the gaps 111, 112 of the electrode layer 11 is, for example, less than 70 μm, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the particle size of the inorganic particles is, for example, less than 40 microns, and preferably, the particle size of the inorganic particles is, for example, less than 1 micron.

It should be specially noted that the inorganic particles are filled in the electrode. Among the gaps 111, 112 of the layer 11 to constitute the arc extinguishing structure 13 is only the present hair One of the embodiments of the invention. In one embodiment, the arc extinguishing structure 13 is filled with, for example, polysiloxanes in the gaps 111, 112 of the electrode layer 11. The material of the polyoxysiloxane resin is, for example, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or polyvinyloxysiloxane (PVS), thereby reducing the energy generated by the arc to reduce the arc effect. A short circuit in the circuit caused by the splash of conductive material. In one embodiment, the arc extinguishing structure 13 is filled with the plurality of inorganic particles and the flux simultaneously in the gaps 111 and 112 of the electrode layer 11, so that the metal structure can be effectively melted and the arc extinguishing effect can be improved. The material of the flux may include resin or rosin (Rosin) or the like. It is worth mentioning that when the inorganic particles and the flux are simultaneously filled in the gaps 111, 112, and the sum of the addition amounts of the inorganic particles and the flux is A, the addition amount of the inorganic particles is, for example, greater than 1/20A. In other words, these inorganic particles are added in an amount greater than 5% of the total amount of the additive.

Please refer to FIG. 1C , which is the arc extinguishing junction shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B . Schematic diagram of the relationship between the structure and the electrode layer. As shown in FIG. 1C, the length L2 of the arc-extinguishing structure 13 and the gaps 111, 112 filled in the electrode layer 11 of the present embodiment is, for example, greater than the length L1 and the second side of the first side electrode 1131. The length L3 of the electrode 1132 further effectively improves the insulation resistance between the electrodes after the breaking capacity test, thereby avoiding short circuit, but the invention is not limited thereto. It should be particularly noted that, in this figure, in order to more clearly express the coating and filling length L2 of the arc extinguishing structure 13 is greater than the length L1 of the first side electrode 1131 and the second side electrode The length L3 of 1132 is therefore only necessary to show the necessary components, and the remaining components are omitted in this figure.

Referring to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B again, the protection component 1 of the embodiment further includes a heater 15 and an insulating protection layer 16. The heater 15 is located between the third side electrode 1141 and the fourth side electrode 1142 of the second electrode layer 114, and the heater 15 is electrically connected to the intermediate electrode 1133 of the first electrode layer 113. In this embodiment, the heater 15 is, for example, a resistive material made of ruthenium dioxide (RuO ₂ ) or carbon black, but the invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the heater 15 can be electrically connected to an external driving device (not shown in the drawing), and the heater 15 is driven to generate heat via an external driving device to cause the metal structure 12 to assume a molten state. In order to protect the heater 15 from the post-process and the external moisture and acid-base environment, the insulating protective layer 16 may be covered by the heater 15 and located at the third side electrode 1141 and the fourth side electrode 1142 of the second electrode layer 114. The material of the insulating protective layer 16 may include a material such as glass glue or epoxy resin. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the heater 15 is located on a different side from the metal structure 12, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the heater 15 can also be located on the same side as the metal structure 12.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a protection according to another embodiment of the present invention. A schematic plan view of the protective element 1a. As shown in FIG. 2, the protection element 1a shown in this embodiment is similar to the protection element 1 shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 1C, except that the protection element 1a described in this embodiment is replaced by a through hole 17 as shown in FIG. The arc extinguishing structure 13 shown in 1A to 1C. In the present embodiment, the number of the through holes 17 is, for example, four. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of the through holes 17 may be increased or decreased according to actual needs. The through holes 17 are disposed on the substrate 10 and distributed on the partial substrate 10 exposing the electrode layer 11, that is, in the gaps 111, 112 of the electrode layer 113. Specifically, the through holes 17 are distributed in the middle of the first side electrode 1131. Between the electrodes 1133 and between the second side electrode 1132 and the intermediate electrode 1133. In addition, the through holes 17 respectively have openings 170, and the diameters of the openings 170 are not excessively large to reduce the probability of substrate rupture, preferably, for example, less than 400 micrometers, but the invention is not limited thereto. In the present embodiment, the purpose of providing the through holes 17 is to allow the conductive material such as carbon black and metal powder generated when the protective element 1 is subjected to the occlusion capacity test to be discharged through the through holes 17 to improve the inter-electrode. Insulation resistance. Therefore, the outer cover 14 of the present embodiment does not need to additionally provide a hole to discharge conductive materials such as carbon black and metal powder. It should be particularly noted that in other embodiments, the arc extinguishing structure 13 (shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C ) disposed in the gaps 111 , 112 may be combined with the structure of the through hole 17 to improve arc extinguishing and improve. The effect of insulation resistance.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a protection according to another embodiment of the present invention. A schematic cross-sectional view of the protective element. As shown in FIG. 3, the protection element 1b of the present embodiment is similar to the protection element 1 shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 1C, except that the height H1 of the arc-extinguishing structure 13b according to the embodiment is, for example, smaller than that of the first embodiment. The height H2 of one electrode layer 113. Under such a structure, the probability of occurrence of the arc effect can be effectively reduced, and at the same time, the amount of use of the inorganic particles or the polyoxynoxy resin filled in the gaps 111, 112 can be reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. In addition, in another In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the protective element 1c has a width W1 of the arc extinguishing structure 13c which is, for example, smaller than the width W2 of the gap 111. It should be specially noted that the height and width of the arc extinguishing structure can be changed according to the actual situation, except that the height of the arc extinguishing structure 13b is adjusted as shown in FIG. 3 and the arc extinguishing structure 13c as shown in FIG. In addition to the width adjustment, the height and width of the arc-extinguishing structure can be adjusted at the same time.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a cross-sectional view of a protection element according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the protection element 1d of the present embodiment is similar to the protection element 1 shown in FIG. 1 except that the arc-extinguishing structure 13d of the present embodiment is disposed on the gap 111 facing the outer cover 14. On the inner side surface 140 of the 112. The arc extinguishing structure 13d is, for example, a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA), a silicone PSA or a polyoxynoxy resin (for example, polydimethyl siloxane, polyethylene oxime). Composition of materials such as alkane), preferably using a pressure sensitive adhesive or a pressure sensitive adhesive having an adhesion between 10 g/mm ² and 50 g/mm ² , or using a polyoxyl oxide having a viscosity between 800 cps and 1000 cps. The resin is coated. In the present embodiment, by arranging the arc extinguishing structure 13d on the inner side surface 140 of the outer cover 14, the generation of the conduction path between the electrodes can be effectively reduced, thereby increasing the insulation resistance value between the electrodes. It is to be noted that since the arc extinguishing structure 13d of the protective element 1d according to the embodiment is disposed on the inner side surface 140 of the outer cover 14, it is preferable to fill the gaps 111, 112 with flux (in this case). Not shown in the figure).

It should be specially noted that the arc-extinguishing structure 13d shown in Fig. 5 If it is disposed on all the inner side surfaces 140 of the outer cover 14, but the invention is not limited thereto, the arc extinguishing structure may also be disposed only on the partial inner side surface 140 of the outer cover 14, as shown in FIG. 6A, the protective element 1e. The arc extinguishing structure 13e is disposed, for example, on a portion of the inner side surface 140 corresponding to the gaps 111, 112. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the width W4 of the arc extinguishing structure 13e is, for example, larger than the width W3 of the first side electrode 1131 to the second side electrode 1132. The length L5 of the arc extinguishing structure 13e is, for example, larger than the length L4 of the first side electrode 1131 or the second side electrode 1132. It should be particularly noted that in order to clearly express the relationship between the length and width of the arc extinguishing structure 13e and the first side electrode 1131 and the second side electrode 1132, the drawing of the outer cover 14 is omitted in FIG. 6B.

Please refer to FIG. 7, which is a protection according to another embodiment of the present invention. A schematic cross-sectional view of the protective element. As shown in FIG. 7, the protection element 1f of the present embodiment is similar to the protection element 1 shown in FIG. 1 except that the arc-extinguishing structure 13f of the present embodiment is disposed on the outer cover 14 and the electrode layer 11 at the same time. Among these gaps 111, 112. Specifically, the arc extinguishing structure 13e disposed on the outer cover 14 is composed of a material such as a pressure sensitive adhesive, a pressure sensitive adhesive or a polyoxynized resin, and the arc extinguishing structure disposed in the gaps 111 and 112 is formed. 13f is composed of, for example, a plurality of inorganic particles, a plurality of inorganic particles, a flux, or a polyoxyxylene resin.

Please refer to FIG. 8 , which is a power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the flow and overvoltage protection module. As shown in FIG. 8, the overcurrent and overvoltage protection module 2 shown in this embodiment includes a circuit board 20, a protective film 21, and a protection element 1 having an overcurrent and overvoltage protection function as shown in FIG. Guarantee The guard element 1 is disposed on the circuit board 20. The protective film 21 covers the protective component 1 and a portion of the circuit board 20. Specifically, the protective film 21 completely covers the protective component 1 and extends onto the circuit board 20, so that the overcurrent and overvoltage protection component 1 is insulated from the outside air. status. The thickness of the protective film 21 is, for example, between 30 μm and 210 μm, and can be coated with a material such as Silicone, Acrylic, Urethane, or Epoxy. It is then cured and formed. In this embodiment, since the protection element 1 is provided with the arc extinguishing structure 13 and/or the substrate 10 is provided with the through hole 17 (as shown in FIG. 2), under such a structural design, the outer cover 14 does not need to be further The hole is opened, so that the protective film 21 can be completely covered on the protective member 1, effectively preventing the problem that the protective member 1 is wet or dirt enters the inside of the member. In addition, the embodiments of the different protection elements described above in FIGS. 3 to 7 can be applied to the architecture of the overcurrent and overvoltage protection modules as shown in FIG.

In summary, the protection component of the present invention is adopted by a plurality of The arc-extinguishing structure composed of inorganic particles or polyoxynoxy resin can effectively improve the arc-eliminating effect under such a structural design, and effectively block the conductive substance generating passages accumulated in the gaps. In addition, in the present invention, since the arc-extinguishing structure is disposed on the inner surface of the outer cover, the generation of the conduction path between the electrodes can be effectively reduced, and the insulation resistance between the electrodes can be improved. In addition, the protective component of the present invention can also be provided with a through hole on the substrate as a path for blocking the conductive material, and the conductive material such as carbon black and metal powder generated when the protective component performs the interrupting capacity test can be borrowed. Discharged from these through holes, of course, this The through hole may also exist simultaneously with the arc extinguishing structure disposed in the gap or on the inner side surface of the outer cover.

While the present invention has been described in its preferred embodiments, the present invention is not intended to limit the invention, and the present invention may be modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of protection is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application.

1‧‧‧Protection components

10‧‧‧Substrate

11‧‧‧Electrode layer

12‧‧‧Metal structure

13‧‧‧Arc extinguishing structure

14‧‧‧ Cover

15‧‧‧heater

16‧‧‧Insulation protection layer

101‧‧‧ first surface

102‧‧‧ second surface

103‧‧‧First side surface

104‧‧‧Second side surface

111, 112‧‧ ‧ gap

113‧‧‧First electrode layer

114‧‧‧Second electrode layer

115‧‧‧ third electrode layer

116‧‧‧fourth electrode layer

1131‧‧‧ first side electrode

1132‧‧‧Second side electrode

1133‧‧‧Intermediate electrode

1141‧‧‧ third side electrode

1142‧‧‧4th electrode

Claims (18)

A protective element comprising: a substrate; an electrode layer disposed on the substrate, the electrode layer comprising at least one gap; a metal structure disposed on the electrode layer and above the gap, having a lower melting point than the electrode layer; a heater disposed on the substrate, the heater generates heat to cause the metal structure to be in a molten state; an outer cover disposed on the substrate and covering the metal structure and a portion of the electrode layer; and an arc extinguishing structure Between the outer cover and the substrate. The protective element of claim 1, wherein the arc extinguishing structure is disposed in the gap and is located between the substrate and the metal structure. The protective element of claim 2, wherein the arc extinguishing structure comprises a plurality of inorganic particles. The protective element of claim 3, wherein the inorganic particles have a particle size of less than 70 microns. The protective element of claim 2, wherein the arc extinguishing structure comprises a polyoxyn resin. The protective element of claim 2, wherein the arc extinguishing structure comprises a plurality of inorganic particles and a flux. The protective element according to claim 6, wherein the inorganic particles The total amount of addition with the flux is A, and the amount of the inorganic particles added is more than 1/20A. The protective element of claim 1, wherein a length of the arc extinguishing structure is greater than a length of the electrode layer on an adjacent side of the gap. The protective element of claim 1, wherein the substrate has a first surface and a second surface, the electrode layer includes a first electrode layer on the first surface, wherein the first electrode layer The device includes a first side electrode, a second side electrode, and an intermediate electrode between the first side electrode and the second side electrode, and the heater is electrically connected to the middle electrode. The protective element according to claim 1, further comprising at least one through hole disposed on the substrate of the electrode layer and exposing the electrode layer. The protective element of claim 1, wherein the arc extinguishing structure is disposed on an inner side surface of the outer cover facing the gap. The protective element according to claim 11, wherein the arc extinguishing structure comprises a pressure sensitive adhesive, a pressure sensitive adhesive or a polyoxynoxy resin. An overcurrent and overvoltage protection module includes: a circuit board; an overcurrent and overvoltage protection component disposed on the circuit board, the overcurrent and overvoltage protection component comprising: a substrate disposed on the circuit board; An electrode layer disposed on the substrate, the electrode layer including at least one gap; a metal structure disposed on the electrode layer and located above the gap; a heater disposed on the substrate, the heater generates heat to cause the metal structure to be in a molten state; and an outer cover disposed on the substrate and covered And the metal structure and a portion of the electrode layer; and a protective film covering the protective component and a portion of the circuit board. The overcurrent and overvoltage protection module of claim 13, wherein the overcurrent and overvoltage protection component further comprises an arc extinguishing structure disposed in the gap and located between the metal structure and the substrate . The overcurrent and overvoltage protection module of claim 14, wherein the arc extinguishing structure comprises a polyoxynoxy resin. The overcurrent and overvoltage protection module of claim 14, wherein the arc extinguishing structure comprises a plurality of inorganic particles and a flux. The overcurrent and overvoltage protection module of claim 13 further comprising at least one via disposed in the gap of the electrode layer and distributed on a portion of the substrate exposing the electrode layer. The overcurrent and overvoltage protection module of claim 13, further comprising an arc extinguishing structure disposed on an inner side surface of the outer cover facing the gap, wherein the arc extinguishing structure comprises a pressure sensing Glue, an osmium pressure sensitive adhesive or a polyoxyl resin.