TW201502134A - Novel phosphinated compounds, phosphinated curable polyimides, and the preparation thereof - Google Patents
Novel phosphinated compounds, phosphinated curable polyimides, and the preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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本發明係關於一系列磷系化合物及一系列磷系可交聯聚醯亞胺及其製造方法。 The present invention relates to a series of phosphorus-based compounds and a series of phosphorus-based cross-linkable polyimines and a process for the preparation thereof.
芳香族聚醯亞胺由於有高玻璃轉移溫度、好的熱穩定性以及好的機械性質等優異性質[1-9],因此被廣為應用於電子材料與複合材料。然而好的熱穩定性通常伴隨著較差的有機溶解度等缺點,限制了其可加工性。因此已有許多方法提出來改善其有機溶解性,包括:(1)導入熱穩定但可撓取鍊段,像醚、亞甲基、磺酸基、六氟異丙烯(hexafluoroisopropylidene)[10-12];(2)導入不對稱鏈段或巨大取代基團[13-19];(3)共聚合[24-29]。 Aromatic polyimine is widely used in electronic materials and composite materials because of its excellent properties such as high glass transition temperature, good thermal stability, and good mechanical properties [1-9]. However, good thermal stability is often accompanied by disadvantages such as poor organic solubility, which limits its processability. Therefore, many methods have been proposed to improve its organic solubility, including: (1) introduction of heat stable but flexible segments, such as ether, methylene, sulfonic acid, hexafluoroisopropylidene [10-12] (2) introduction of asymmetric segments or macro-substituents [13-19]; (3) copolymerization [24-29].
雖然有機可溶聚醯亞胺保有可加工性,但比起不可溶聚醯亞胺卻降低了其熱穩定性。文獻指出許多熱固型聚醯亞胺在末端導入可交聯鏈段,像苯基馬來酸(phenylmaleic)[30]、苯乙炔(phenylethynyl)[31,32]、馬來酸(maleic)[33]、納迪克酸(nadic)[34,35]、烯丙酸(allylic)[36]、苯并環丁烯(benzocyclobutene)[37]、羧酸[38]。然而在重複單元中具有可交聯官能基的熱固型聚醯亞胺卻鮮少討論。 Although organic soluble polyimine retains processability, it has reduced thermal stability compared to insoluble polyimine. The literature indicates that many thermoset polyimines are introduced into crosslinkable segments at the end, such as phenylmaleic [30], phenylethynyl [31,32], maleic (maleic) [ 33], nadic [34, 35], allylic [36], benzocyclobutene [37], carboxylic acid [38]. However, thermoset polyimine having crosslinkable functional groups in the repeating unit is rarely discussed.
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本發明係關於一系列磷系化合物及一系列磷系可交聯聚醯亞胺及其製造方法。 The present invention relates to a series of phosphorus-based compounds and a series of phosphorus-based cross-linkable polyimines and a process for the preparation thereof.
本發明揭示具有下列通式(I)之磷系化合物:
其中 X係-OH或 A為-O-或 Q係選自-NO2或-NH2、和所組成之群; R1、R2、R3及R5係各自獨立選自氫原子、苯基、苯氧基、C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6鹵烷基、C3~C7環烷基、-CF3、-OCF3和鹵原子所組成之群; R4係C2~C6烯基;R為選自C1~C6烷基、苯基、C1~C6烷氧基、苯烷基、苯氧基、C1~C6鹵烷基、C3~C7環烷基、-CF3和鹵原子所組成之群;及a、b、c、d及m為各自為1~4的整數。 Where X is -OH or A is -O- or Q is selected from -NO 2 or -NH 2 , with a group consisting of; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 5 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a phenyl group, a phenoxy group, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, a C 1 group ; a group consisting of ~C 6 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, -CF 3 , -OCF 3 and a halogen atom; R 4 is a C 2 -C 6 alkenyl group; R is selected from C 1 -C 6 alkyl, phenyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, phenylalkyl, phenoxy, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, -CF 3 and a halogen atom And a, b, c, d, and m are integers each of 1 to 4.
當上述式(I)化合物之X為-OH,該化合物為式(II-1)化合物
當上述式(I)化合物之X為,且Q為-NO2時,該化合物為式(III-1)化合物
當上述式(I)化合物之X為,且Q為-NH2時,該化合物為式(IV-1)化合物
當上述式(I)化合物之R1、R2、R3及R5各為氫原子,R4為烯丙基,X為-OH時,該化合物為式(II)化合物
當上述式(I)化合物之R1、R2、R3及R5各為氫原子,R4為烯丙
基,X為,A為-O-,Q為-NO2時,該化合物為式(III)化合物
當上述式(I)化合物之R1、R2、R3及R5各為氫原子,R4為烯丙
基,X為,A為-O-,Q為-NH2時,該化合物為式(IV)化合物
本發明提出一種製備如上述式(II-1)化合物之方法,包括將式(1)磷系化合物和式(2)化合物以及式(3)化合物在酸催化下反應得到式(II-1)化合物;
其中R1、R2、R4、R、a、b、c、d及m係定義如前。 Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , R, a, b, c, d and m are as defined above.
根據上述之方法,其中R1、R2及R3各為氫原子,R4為烯丙基,R為甲基,其包括將式(1)磷系化合物和式(2)化合物以及式(3)化合物在酸催化下反應得到式(II)化合物。 According to the above method, wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each a hydrogen atom, R 4 is an allyl group, and R is a methyl group, which comprises a phosphorus compound of the formula (1) and a compound of the formula (2) and a formula ( 3) The compound is reacted under acid catalysis to give a compound of formula (II).
上述方法中,舉例而言,式(1)磷系化合物為9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷菲-10-氧化物(9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide,DOPO),式(2)化合物為4-羥基苯乙酮(4-hydroxyacetophenone),而式(3)化合物為2-烯丙苯酚(2-allylphenol)。 In the above method, for example, the phosphorus compound of the formula (1) is 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10- Phosphatanthrene 10-oxide, DOPO), the compound of formula (2) is 4-hydroxyacetophenone, and the compound of formula (3) is 2-allylphenol.
上述方法中使用的酸為此項技術領域中所習知者,譬如為對苯甲磺酸(p-TSA)。 The acid used in the above methods is well known in the art, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA).
上述方法中使用的反應溫度及時間為此項技術領域中所習知者,譬如反應溫度為45℃至75℃之間,較佳為50℃至70℃之間,最佳為55℃至65℃之間,而反應時間可為9小時至15小時之間,較佳為10小時至14小時之間,最佳為11小時至13小時之間。 The reaction temperature and time used in the above method are those known in the art, for example, the reaction temperature is between 45 ° C and 75 ° C, preferably between 50 ° C and 70 ° C, and most preferably between 55 ° C and 65 ° C. The reaction time may be between 9 hours and 15 hours, preferably between 10 hours and 14 hours, and most preferably between 11 hours and 13 hours.
本發明提出一種製備如上述式(III-1)化合物之方法,包括將式(II-1)化合物與式(4)化合物在鹼催化下反應得到式(III-1)化合物,
其中B為鹵素或,Y為鹵素,R1~R5、R、a、b、c、d及m係定義如前。 Where B is halogen or Y is a halogen, and R 1 to R 5 , R, a, b, c, d, and m are as defined above.
根據上述之方法,其中R1、R2、R3及R5各為氫原子,R4為烯丙基,R為甲基,A為-O-,B為F,其包括將式(II-1)化合物與式(4)化合物在鹼催化下反應得到式(III)化合物。 According to the above method, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 5 are each a hydrogen atom, R 4 is an allyl group, R is a methyl group, A is -O-, and B is F, which includes formula (II) -1) The compound is reacted with a compound of the formula (4) under base catalysis to give a compound of the formula (III).
上述方法中使用的鹼為此項技術領域中所習知者,譬如為碳酸鉀。 The base used in the above methods is well known in the art, such as potassium carbonate.
上述方法中使用的反應溫度及時間為此項技術領域中所習知者,譬如反應溫度為90℃至130℃之間,較佳為100℃至120℃之間,最佳為105℃至115℃之間,而反應時間可為9小時至15小時之間,較佳為10小時至14小時之間,最佳為11小時至13小時之間。 The reaction temperature and time used in the above method are those known in the art, such as a reaction temperature of between 90 ° C and 130 ° C, preferably between 100 ° C and 120 ° C, most preferably from 105 ° C to 115 ° C. The reaction time may be between 9 hours and 15 hours, preferably between 10 hours and 14 hours, and most preferably between 11 hours and 13 hours.
本發明提出一種製備如上述式(IV-1)化合物之方法,包括將式(III-1)化合物還原以得到式(IV-1)化合物。 The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a compound of the above formula (IV-1) which comprises reducing a compound of the formula (III-1) to give a compound of the formula (IV-1).
根據上述之方法,其中R1、R2、R3及R5各為氫原子,R4為烯丙基,R為甲基,A為-O-,其包含將式(III)化合物還原以得到式(IV)化合物。 According to the above method, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 5 are each a hydrogen atom, R 4 is an allyl group, R is a methyl group, and A is -O-, which comprises reducing a compound of the formula (III) The compound of formula (IV) is obtained.
上述方法中還原之方法為此項技術領域中所習知者,譬如以Fe/HCl進行還原。 The method of reduction in the above process is known to those skilled in the art, such as reduction with Fe/HCl.
另一方面,本發明揭露具有下列式(V-1)之磷系可交聯聚醯亞胺,
當上述式(V-1)磷系可交聯聚醯亞胺之A為-O-,R1、R2、R3及R5各自為氫原子,R4為烯丙基,R為甲基時,其為式(V)磷系可交聯聚醯亞胺
當上述式(V-1)磷系可交聯聚醯亞胺之A為,該磷系可交聯聚醯亞胺之一具體實施例結構為式(V-a)
本發明提出一種製備式(V-1)磷系可交聯聚醯亞胺之方法,其包含將式(IV-1)化合物與式(5)之二酸酐進行縮和以得到式(V-1)磷系可交聯聚醯亞胺,
其中Ar'係選自 所組成之群。 Where Ar' is selected from The group formed.
根據上述之方法,其中A為-O-,R1、R2、R3及R5各自為氫原子,R4為烯丙基,R為甲基時,其包含將式(IV)化合物與式(5)之二酸酐進行縮和以得到式(V)磷系可交聯聚醯亞胺。 According to the above method, wherein A is -O-, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 5 are each a hydrogen atom, R 4 is an allyl group, and when R is a methyl group, it comprises a compound of the formula (IV) The dianhydride of the formula (5) is subjected to condensation to obtain a phosphorus-based crosslinkable polyimine of the formula (V).
根據上述之方法,其中Ar'為,其包含將如上述之式(IV-1)化合物與式(5)之二酸酐進行縮和以得到式(V-a)磷系可交聯聚醯亞胺。 According to the above method, wherein Ar' is And comprising condensing a compound of the formula (IV-1) as described above with a dianhydride of the formula (5) to obtain a phosphorus-based crosslinkable polyimine of the formula (Va).
第1圖為化合物(II)的1H NMR光譜圖 Figure 1 is a 1 H NMR spectrum of compound (II)
第2圖為化合物(IV)的1H NMR光譜圖 Figure 2 is a 1 H NMR spectrum of compound (IV)
第3圖為(V-a)及(VI-a)的動態機械分析圖 Figure 3 is a dynamic mechanical analysis of (V-a) and (VI-a)
第4圖為(V-a)及(VI-a)的TMA分析圖 Figure 4 shows the TMA analysis of (V-a) and (VI-a)
以下實施例將對本發明作進一步之說明,唯非用以限制本發明之範圍,任何熟悉本發明技術領域者,在不違背本發明之精神下所得以達成之修飾及變化,均屬本發明之範圍。 The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and any modifications and variations which may be obtained without departing from the spirit of the invention are range.
以上之相關發明之實施,我們將以下列之具體實施例說明。 The implementation of the above related inventions will be illustrated by the following specific examples.
稱取9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷菲-10-氧化物(9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide,DOPO)10.81 g(0.05mole)、4-羥基苯乙酮(4-hydroxyacetophenone)6.81 g(0.05mole)、2-烯丙苯酚(2-allylphenol)6.71 g(0.15mole)、對苯甲磺酸(p-TSA)0.432 g(以DOPO為基礎計算4wt%),置入100毫升三頸反應器中。反應溫度控制在60℃,通入氮氣反應12小時。反應結束後將反應器冷卻至室溫,產物自然析出,倒入乙酸乙酯清洗,抽氣過濾,得白色產物。將產物利用甲醇再結晶,得白色晶體(II)。抽氣過濾後,放入真空烘箱於100℃下烘乾,產率約70%。熔點(DSC)227℃.1H-NMR(DMSO-d 6 ),δ=1.58(3H,H14),3.09(2H,H20),4.91(2H,H22),5.78(1H,H21),6.57(3H,H17,25),6.96(1H,H16),7.07-7.12(4H,H10,23,24),7.14-7.20(2H,H4,8),7.32-7.36(2H,H3,9),7.66(1H,H2),7.95(1H,H7),8.07(1H,H1),9.33-9.41(2H,OH)。 Weigh 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide, DOPO 10.81 g (0.05 mole), 4-hydroxyacetophenone 6.81 g (0.05 mole), 2-allylphenol 6.71 g (0.15 mole), p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) 0.432 g (by DOPO) Based on a calculation of 4 wt%), it was placed in a 100 ml three-neck reactor. The reaction temperature was controlled at 60 ° C, and a nitrogen gas reaction was carried out for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reactor was cooled to room temperature, and the product was naturally precipitated, poured into ethyl acetate and filtered, and then filtered to afford white product. The product was recrystallized from methanol to give white crystals (II). After suction filtration, it was placed in a vacuum oven and dried at 100 ° C, and the yield was about 70%. Melting point (DSC) 227 ° C. 1 H-NMR (DMSO- d 6 ), δ=1.58 (3H, H 14 ), 3.09 (2H, H 20 ), 4.91 (2H, H 22 ), 5.78 (1H, H 21 ) ), 6.57 (3H, H 17,25 ), 6.96 (1H, H 16 ), 7.07-7.12 (4H, H 10 , 23 , 24 ), 7.14-7.20 (2H, H 4 , 8 ), 7.32 - 7.36 ( 2H, H 3 , 9 ), 7.66 (1H, H 2 ), 7.95 (1H, H 7 ), 8.07 (1H, H 1 ), 9.33-9.41 (2H, OH).
稱取雙酚單體(II)4.6848 g(0.01 mole)、1,4-氟硝基苯(1,4-fluoronitrobenzene)3.1042 g(0.022mole)、K2CO3 3.0405 g(0.022 mole)、N-N-二甲基乙醯胺(DMAc)30mL,置入100毫升三頸反應器中。反應溫度控制在110℃,通入氮氣反應12小時。反應結束後將反應器冷卻至室溫,過濾掉鹽類,將濾液倒入甲醇/水(體積比=1/5)中析出,抽氣過濾後,得黃色粉末產物(III),產率約80%。熔點(DSC)184℃.1H-NMR(ppm,DMSO-d 6 ),δ=1.85-1.90(3H,H14),3.02-3.12(2H,H20),4.83-4.95(2H,H22),5.65(1H,H21),6.88(1H,H17),6.95(2H,H28),7.08(4H,H25,28’),7.15(1H,H10),7.21(2H,H8,16),7.32(1H,H23),7.38(1H,H9),7.47(3H,H4,24),7.52(1H,H3),7.76(1H,H2),8.07(1H,H7),8.18(1H,H1),8.26-8.30(4H,H29,29’)。 Weigh bisphenol monomer (II) 4.6848 g (0.01 mole), 1,4-fluoronitrobenzene (1,4-fluoronitrobenzene) 3.1042 g (0.022 mole), K 2 CO 3 3.0405 g (0.022 mole), NN - 30 mL of dimethylacetamide (DMAc) was placed in a 100 ml three-neck reactor. The reaction temperature was controlled at 110 ° C, and a nitrogen reaction was carried out for 12 hours. After the completion of the reaction, the reactor was cooled to room temperature, the salt was filtered off, and the filtrate was poured into methanol/water (volume ratio = 1/5) to precipitate, and after suction filtration, a yellow powder product (III) was obtained. 80%. Mp (DSC) 184 ℃. 1 H -NMR (ppm, DMSO- d 6), δ = 1.85-1.90 (3H, H 14), 3.02-3.12 (2H, H 20), 4.83-4.95 (2H, H 22 ), 5.65 (1H, H 21 ), 6.88 (1H, H 17 ), 6.95 (2H, H 28 ), 7.08 (4H, H 25 , 28' ), 7.15 (1H, H 10 ), 7.21 (2H, H) 8,16 ), 7.32 (1H, H 23 ), 7.38 (1H, H 9 ), 7.47 (3H, H 4, 24 ), 7.52 (1H, H 3 ), 7.76 (1H, H 2 ), 8.07 (1H , H 7 ), 8.18 (1H, H 1 ), 8.26-8.30 (4H, H 29 , 29' ).
稱取二硝單體(III)5 g(7mmole)溶於DMAc 20 mL,置入100毫升三頸反應器中,以分液漏斗緩慢滴入15mL 50%乙醇水溶液,加入1.96 g(35mmole)鐵粉,氮氣環境下升溫至迴流溫度,迴流下緩慢滴 入1.5 mL 37% HCl與3 mL 50%乙醇之水混合液。滴加完後繼續恆溫反應3小時,再加入1.3 mL氨水維持恆溫反應1小時。反應結束後趁熱過濾,濾液倒入水中析出,抽氣過濾後,得膚色粉末產物(IV),產率約70%。熔點(DSC)103℃.1H-NMR(ppm,DMSO-D6),δ=1.70(3H,H14),4.23(2H,H20),4.99(6H,H20,NH2),5.82(1H,H21),6.37(1H,H17),6.57(4H,H29,29’),6.65(4H,H25,28),6.73(2H,H28’),6.97(1H,H16),7.08(1H,H10),7.20(4H,H8,23,24),7.33(1H,H9),7.37(1H,H4),7.43(1H,H3),7.70(1H,H2),7.95(1H,H7),8.07(1H,H1)。 Weigh 2 g of monomer (III) (7 mmole) dissolved in DMAc 20 mL, place in a 100 ml three-neck reactor, slowly drip 15 mL of 50% ethanol in a separatory funnel, and add 1.96 g (35 mmole) of iron. The powder was heated to reflux temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere, and a mixture of 1.5 mL of 37% HCl and 3 mL of 50% ethanol was slowly added dropwise under reflux. After the completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction was continued for 3 hours, and 1.3 mL of ammonia water was added thereto to maintain a constant temperature reaction for 1 hour. After the reaction, the mixture was filtered while hot, and the filtrate was poured into water to precipitate. After suction filtration, the skin color powder product (IV) was obtained in a yield of about 70%. Melting point (DSC) 103 ° C. 1 H-NMR (ppm, DMSO-D 6 ), δ = 1.70 (3H, H 14 ), 4.23 (2H, H 20 ), 4.99 (6H, H 20 , NH 2 ), 5.82 (1H, H 21 ), 6.37 (1H, H 17 ), 6.57 (4H, H 29 , 29' ), 6.65 (4H, H 25 , 28 ), 6.73 (2H, H 28' ), 6.97 (1H, H 16 ), 7.08 (1H, H 10 ), 7.20 (4H, H 8,23,24 ), 7.33 (1H, H 9 ), 7.37 (1H, H 4 ), 7.43 (1H, H 3 ), 7.70 (1H , H 2 ), 7.95 (1H, H 7 ), 8.07 (1H, H 1 ).
將二胺基單體(IV)1.301 g(2 mmole)與間-甲苯酚(m-cresol)8.7 g置於100 mL三頸瓶中攪拌,等待二胺基單體(IV)完全溶解後,加入4,4'-氧雙磷苯二甲酸酐(4,4'-oxydiphthalic anhydride,ODPA)0.436 g(2 mmole),兩滴異奎啉(isoquinoline),升溫至200℃進行高溫閉環。反應結束後倒入甲醇中清洗,過濾後取濾餅放置烘箱烘乾,得產物可交聯聚醯亞胺(V-a),配置溶液固含量20wt%於DMAc中,溶液以自動塗佈機均勻塗佈於玻璃基板上。置於循環烘箱中以60℃加熱12小時,烘乾大部分的溶劑後,再升溫至100℃、150℃、200℃各1小時。 The diamine monomer (IV) 1.301 g (2 mmole) and m-cresol (8.7 g) were placed in a 100 mL three-necked flask and stirred, after the diamine monomer (IV) was completely dissolved. 4,4'-oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA) 0.436 g (2 mmole), two drops of isoquinoline, and the temperature was raised to 200 ° C for high temperature closed loop. After the reaction is completed, it is poured into methanol and washed. After filtering, the filter cake is placed in an oven to be dried, and the product can be cross-linked polyimine (Va). The solid content of the solution is 20 wt% in DMAc, and the solution is uniformly coated by an automatic coater. Spread on a glass substrate. The mixture was heated in a circulating oven at 60 ° C for 12 hours, and most of the solvent was dried, and then heated to 100 ° C, 150 ° C, and 200 ° C for 1 hour.
將可交聯聚醯亞胺(V-a)升溫至300℃烘1小時進行熱固化反應可得到熱固化物(VI-a)。 The heat-curable reaction (VI-a) can be obtained by heating the crosslinkable polyimine (V-a) to 300 ° C for 1 hour to carry out a heat curing reaction.
圖3為(V-a)與(VI-a)的DMA圖表,(V-a)的Tg由253℃增加到(VI-a)的307℃。(V-a)從玻璃態轉移到橡膠態後模數明顯增加。這是由於(V-a)上的烯丙基基團經由固化反應後提升了剛硬性。剛硬性的增加亦可由(VI-a)的tan(δ)高度比(V-a)還要小觀察得知。 3 is a DMA chart of (V-a) and (VI-a), and the Tg of (V-a) is increased from 253 ° C to 307 ° C of (VI-a). The modulus of (V-a) increases significantly from the glassy state to the rubbery state. This is because the allyl group on (V-a) enhances the rigidity after the curing reaction. The increase in stiffness can also be observed by the fact that the tan (δ) height of (VI-a) is smaller than (V-a).
圖4為(V-a)與(VI-a)的TMA圖表,(V-a)的Tg由225℃增加到(VI-a)的277℃。兩張圖表皆表現出交聯後改善Tg的優點。圖4也顯示熱膨脹係數(CTE)在區間50-150℃之間由(V-a)的52 ppm/℃下降至(VI-a)的29 ppm/℃,其CTE相對於其他聚醯亞胺明顯小很多,這也表現出交聯後提升尺寸安定性的優點。PEIs的熱穩定性可由表格1的TGA數據看到,在氮氣環境下(V-a)的5wt%熱裂解溫度為443℃而(VI-a)為447℃;在空氣環境下(V-a)的5wt%熱裂解溫度為440℃,而(VI-a)為443℃。在氮氣環境下(V-a)的焦炭殘留率為54%而(VI-a)為60%;在空氣環境下(V-a)焦炭殘留率為20%而(VI-a)為41%。即使在熱固化反應後,Tg以及CTE有明顯的改善,但是在TGA中(V-a)與(VI-a)起初的裂解溫度卻沒有明顯的差異,這是由於在兩個系統中P-C鍵是最脆弱的,因此在起初的熱裂解反應中交聯的影響並不顯著,然而交聯的影響明顯改善了焦炭殘留率。 4 is a TMA chart of (V-a) and (VI-a), and the Tg of (V-a) is increased from 225 ° C to 277 ° C of (VI-a). Both charts show the advantages of improving Tg after cross-linking. Figure 4 also shows that the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) decreases from 52 ppm/°C of (Va) to 29 ppm/°C of (VI-a) in the interval 50-150 °C, and its CTE is significantly smaller than other polyimine. A lot, this also shows the advantages of improving dimensional stability after cross-linking. The thermal stability of PEIs can be seen from the TGA data in Table 1. The 5 wt% pyrolysis temperature in the nitrogen atmosphere (Va) is 443 ° C and the (VI-a) is 447 ° C; in the air environment (Va) 5 wt% The thermal cracking temperature was 440 ° C and (VI-a) was 443 ° C. The coke residual ratio (V-a) in the nitrogen atmosphere was 54% and (VI-a) was 60%; in the air environment (V-a), the coke residual ratio was 20% and (VI-a) was 41%. Even after the thermal curing reaction, there was a significant improvement in Tg and CTE, but there was no significant difference in the initial cracking temperature between (Va) and (VI-a) in TGA, because the PC bond was the most in both systems. It is fragile, so the effect of cross-linking in the initial thermal cracking reaction is not significant, but the effect of cross-linking significantly improves the coke residual rate.
表2為兩個系統以UL-94VTM的熱阻燃測試。兩個系統的t1+t2均小於3秒。因此兩者均達到VTM-0等級。而Kapton的t1+t2則大於6秒。即使Kapton也屬於VTM-0等級,但(V-a)與(VI-a)仍有較短的燃燒時間,顯示出含磷結構提供了良好的阻燃性質。 Table 2 shows the thermal flame retardancy test of the two systems with UL-94VTM. Both systems have t 1 + t 2 less than 3 seconds. Therefore both reach the VTM-0 rating. Kapton's t 1 +t 2 is greater than 6 seconds. Even though Kapton is also a VTM-0 grade, (Va) and (VI-a) still have shorter burn times, indicating that the phosphorus-containing structure provides good flame retardant properties.
以下申請專利範圍係用以界定本發明之合理保護範圍。然應明瞭者,技藝人士基於本發明之揭示所可達成之種種顯而易見之改良,亦應歸屬本發明合理之保護範圍。 The following patent claims are intended to define the scope of the invention. It should be understood that the obvious modifications that can be made by the skilled person based on the disclosure of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
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