TW201437577A - Solar collector - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar collector, which is to fill nano fluid into a component of the solar collector, such that the heat pipe used as a circulating pipeline is completely covered by the nano fluid, and the focused solar radiation heat can be substantially absorbed by the nano fluid after the operation of the traditional collector assembly, and then reliably and uniformly conducted to the heat pipe, so that the temperature of water in the heat pipe is rapidly raised, so as to achieve the purpose of using the solar collector for heating. The disclosed solar collector comprises: a carrier plate having a receiving space; a heat pipe disposed in the receiving space; and a nano fluid filled in the receiving space, and encapsulating the heat pipe; wherein after the nano fluid absorbs solar radiation heat, the solar radiation heat is conducted to the heat pipe.

Description

Solar collectors

The invention relates to a solar collector, in particular to a complete coating with a nanofluid at the periphery of the heated tube, so as to have a high absorption capacity for radiant heat and a good heat conduction capability through the nano fluid, so that the heat pipe can Better to be warmed up.

With the development of the economy and the advancement of science and technology, people's demand for fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas and coal is increasing day by day. Therefore, the problem of shortage of derivative energy, because solar energy is the most directly used in renewable energy, but after collecting heat The efficiency conversion will increase or decrease due to differences in weather, so how to improve thermal efficiency is the focus of research and development of related technologies.

The water heaters that are widely used in homes today are an application area of solar energy. At present, there are mainly heat pump type, flatbed type and vacuum type, and two types of flat type and vacuum tube type are widely used in the market. In terms of efficiency, the current situation is preferably a vacuum tube type. In simple terms, the vacuum tube is designed to absorb heat from the solar radiation and also has a good resistance to heat loss, effectively transferring heat energy to the domestic water system.

In the application of solar collectors, of course, the quality of sunlight (such as sunshine time difference, illumination angle, etc.) has a great impact on the heat collection effect, but even if the solar collector has been accurately aligned with the sun, The ability to raise heat is not improved, and the benefits of the application are still limited. The disadvantages here include that the absorption rate of solar radiant energy cannot be effectively improved, or that the absorbed thermal energy is not properly delivered to the target substance.

Taking the example of the Republic of China Patent Publication No. TW 200517623 as a solar collector, the structure includes a casing, a heat collecting component disposed inside the casing, and a low thermal conductivity gas filled in the heat collecting body. The heat convection is reduced between the component and the housing, thereby effectively blocking the effect of convective heat transfer inside the collector, preventing heat dissipation and increasing the heat collecting effect. However, the technique disclosed in this patent document is filled with a low-heat-conducting gas gas such as an inert gas or carbon dioxide in a solar collector to reduce the loss of heat energy, which inevitably allows heat to be transferred to The efficiency of the water pipes is greatly reduced.

Another way to improve the solar collector is to apply an endothermic black substance, plus a multi-structured insulation material to match the thermal insulation design so that the radiant heat can be absorbed to obtain less heat loss. Good preservation. However, these improvements still do not have an efficiency improvement in the path of heat transfer, and the heat pipe of the solar collector can only receive radiant heat up to one side (180°), which is equal to the radiant heat provided by the sun. There is considerable room for improvement in heating the water pipe at 50% efficiency.

In addition, in order to improve the efficiency of the heating water pipe, some solar collectors are very twisted and twisted, which inevitably increases the production cost.

Therefore, how to provide a solar collector to accurately collect, focus, and reliably transmit the radiant heat provided by the sun to the water pipe to be heated is a problem to be solved by the present invention.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a solar heat collector which is filled with a nano fluid in a receiving space of a carrier tray so that the heat receiving tube can be completely coated, thereby efficiently absorbing the sun in the nano fluid. After radiant heat, the heat is directly transmitted to the heated tube through conduction, so that the water temperature in the tube rises rapidly.

A secondary object of the present invention is to provide a solar collector using a nano-flow system having nano-magnetic particles, which have a darker color and thus have a better absorption capacity for solar radiant heat, thereby providing more The heat is given to the heated tube.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar thermal collector, wherein the nano fluid used has better heat collecting and heat-recovering ability than a simple gas or liquid medium, so that the benefit is higher. .

A further object of the present invention is to provide a solar heat collector which is completely coated by a nanofluid and uniformly heats the heat pipe, so that the heat receiving area of the heat pipe is increased, so that the heat receiving effect is improved, and the design complexity is no longer required. Water flow circuit.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a solar collector, which comprises: a carrier tray having an accommodating space; a heat receiving tube disposed in the accommodating space; and a nanometer fluid, filling And in the accommodating space, and covering the heat receiving tube; wherein, after the nano fluid absorbs solar radiant heat, the solar radiant heat is transmitted to the heat receiving tube. In this way, the characteristics of the nanofluid can be fully utilized, so that the solar collector has a better heat collecting effect.

1. . . Solar collector component

11. . . glass

12. . . Heat collecting sheet

2. . . Carrier disk

twenty one. . . Housing space

twenty two. . . Water hole

twenty three. . . drainage

3. . . Heated tube

31. . . water

4. . . Nanofluid

41. . . kerosene

42. . . Nano magnetic particles

5. . . Focusing body

The first figure is a schematic exploded view of the structure of the present invention;
Second drawing: it is a sectional view of the structure of the present invention;
The third figure: it is a comparison chart of the heat collecting effect of the nano fluid used in the present invention with air and kerosene;
The fourth figure is a comparison chart of the continuous heat effect of the nano fluid used in the present invention with air and kerosene; and the fifth figure: it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nano fluid in the present invention.

For a better understanding and understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention, the preferred embodiments and the detailed description are described as follows:

First, please refer to the first figure, which is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The main technical features thereof include: a carrier tray 2, an accommodating space 21, a heat receiving tube 3, and a nanometer. a fluid 4; the inside of the tray 2 has the accommodating space 21, the heat-receiving tube 3 is disposed in the accommodating space 21, and the nano-fluid 4 is filled in the accommodating space 21, and The heat receiving tube 3 is covered.

The key technical feature of the present invention is that the nano fluid 4 is filled in the accommodating space 21, so that the heat-receiving tube 3 is completely covered by the nano-fluid 4, so that the solar radiant heat is better. benefit.

Referring to the first figure again, in addition to the aforementioned components and materials, a solar heat collecting assembly composed of the glass 11 and the heat collecting sheet 12 is further included on the carrier tray 2. The glass 11 is used to protect the heat collecting sheet 12 located underneath and to maintain the penetration of solar radiation; and the heat collecting sheet 12 is capable of collecting and absorbing a large amount of solar radiant heat under the illumination of the sun for further processing. use.

Here, the solar heat collecting assembly is not limited to the use of the glass 11 and the heat collecting sheet 12, and any member capable of receiving solar radiation and collecting solar radiation heat can be mounted on the carrier tray 2 in the present invention. To further transfer and apply thermal energy.

The carrier tray 2 is a carrier base made of stainless steel, and its appearance is roughly a large-area tank of a shallow dish type, and the accommodation space 21 is separated inside. The length and width of the carrier tray 2 are much larger than the depth, in order to increase the area of receiving solar radiation to generate more solar radiant heat, and reduce the path distance of the solar radiant heat downward transmission, thereby reducing the energy loss during the transmission.

Since the solar collector assembly described above has collected and absorbed solar radiant heat, how to smoothly transfer the solar radiant heat to heat the target substance is the focus of the present invention.

The heat-receiving tube 3 in the accommodating space 21 is a target to which solar radiant heat is to be transmitted, and is made of a material having a good thermal conductivity, such as copper used in the present invention. The thermal conductivity of copper is as high as 401 Wm ^-1 K ^-1 , which is second only to silver in metal and is reasonably priced. Therefore, the present invention here is to install a copper tube as the heated heat pipe 3.

The solar collector of the present invention is mainly used for a water heater, so that the material flowing in the heat pipe 3 is water, which is heated to hot water under the heating of the heat pipe 3 for the user to use. Further, the water inlet hole 22 and the water outlet hole 23 are opened at the side of the carrier tray 2, so that both ends of the heat receiving tube 3 can be extended from the openings, and the heated water is sent to another place.

In order to ensure and enhance the heating efficiency of the heat-receiving tube 3, please refer to the first and second figures together, which fills the nano-fluid 4 in the accommodating space 21 and wraps the heat-receiving tube 3. Before the nanofluid 4 is not filled, the heat accumulated by the solar heat collecting unit 1 is transmitted in the form of radiation, and a small portion is transmitted through the air as a medium to the heat receiving tube 3, but in the present invention, the nano fluid is added. After 4, the thermal energy is transferred from the nanofluid 4 as a medium to the heated tube 3 uniformly.

Nano Fluid 4 is a fluid substance of liquid-bound nano metal powder, which is superior to other media in collecting heat radiation energy and storage heat preservation effect. In addition to the liquid heat collecting advantage, it also transmits metal powder. It adds the heat storage capacity of its temperature. Therefore, when the present invention is used to fill the accommodating space 21 and coat the heat-receiving tube 3, the nano-fluid 4 can absorb a large amount of solar radiant heat, and thus heat up, and then directly transmit the heat energy through the conduction. It is transmitted to the heat pipe 3.

Please refer to the third figure, which is a comparison control using air (Air), kerosene (Kerosene) and nano-fluid (Nanofulid) as the transfer medium. The experimental condition is to use a 400W searchlight as a heat source, and to supply radiant heat to the heat pipe 3 to heat the water at a starting temperature of 25 ° C; as shown, the temperature of the air is slightly faster than other media. However, the rise rate tends to be flat after about 50 °C, while the kerosene and nanofluids continue to rise. It can be seen from this phenomenon that the heat collecting effect of the liquid as the medium is superior to that of the gas, and then comparing the nano fluid with the kerosene, it is found that the heating curve of the nano fluid is superior to the kerosene. The mechanism is mainly because the nanofluid is a liquid-bound nano-metal powder, and these nano-metal powders are superior to liquids in heat transfer characteristics, so after the combination, the nano-fluids will have a higher heat collecting capacity. Better than pure liquid.

In addition to the ability to collect heat, the ability of nanofluids to renew heat is also quite prominent. Please refer to the fourth figure, which is the temperature curve of air, kerosene and nanofluid when cooling. As shown in the figure, under the condition that the heat source is not continuously supplied, the nano-fluid heat storage still has about 35 °C after cooling, which is enough to prove that the nano-fluid is used as the heat-collecting medium, and it is used in the hot water system. Obvious benefits.

In addition, referring to the second figure again, in order to further enhance the heat collecting effect, the present invention provides a focusing body 5 between the solar heat collecting assembly 1 and the carrying tray 3, which can focus the solar radiant heat and radiate to the nano fluid. 4.

The present invention also has further technical features for the nanofluid itself; as described above, the nanoflow system is a fluid substance of a liquid-bound nano-metal powder, and the nano-metal powder system used in the present invention is The nano magnetic particles, for example, the structure shown in Fig. 5, are shown in this embodiment to carry a large amount of nano magnetic particles 42 through the kerosene 41. The components of these nano magnetic particles are Fe ₃ O ₄ . Herein, the reason why the invention uses Fe ₃ O ₄ is not to benefit from heat collection by its magnetic property, but is based on the fact that the nano magnetic particles are mostly dark, especially the completely black Fe ₃ O ₄ can make the whole The nanofluid is black in color and has a better ability to absorb solar radiation heat, thus improving the efficiency of heat collection.

In addition to using dark-colored nanomagnetic particles to make the nanofluid dark, the present invention can also use a dark liquid to bind the nano-metal particles to give the nanofluid a dark appearance, such as black. , dark gray, dark brown, etc. In other words, the present invention can impart a dark visual effect by adjusting the composition of the nanofluid, and thus has a better ability to absorb solar radiant heat.

In summary, the invention adopts the heat regulation of copper as the pipeline of the circulating water flow, and then embeds it in the accommodating space of the carrier tray, and then fills the nano fluid into it, so that the heat-receiving tube is completely The rice fluid is submerged and coated, so that after the operation of the conventional solar collector assembly above, the collected solar radiant heat is focused and absorbed by the nanofluid, and then reliably and uniformly transmitted to the heat pipe, so that the heat pipe is The water temperature rises rapidly and reaches the goal of solar collector heating. Under the characteristics of using nano fluid, the heat collecting efficiency of the solar collector has been significantly improved, so the invention has undoubtedly has economic and practical value.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the variations, modifications, and modifications of the shapes, structures, features, and spirits described in the claims of the present invention. All should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

11. . . glass

12. . . Heat collecting sheet

2. . . Carrier disk

twenty one. . . Housing space

twenty two. . . Water hole

twenty three. . . drainage

3. . . Heated tube

4. . . Nanofluid

Claims (8)

A solar collector comprising:
a carrier tray having an accommodation space;
a heat receiving tube is disposed in the accommodating space; and a nanometer fluid is filled in the accommodating space and covers the heat receiving tube;
Wherein, after the nanofluid absorbs solar radiant heat, the solar radiant heat is transmitted to the heated tube. The solar collector according to claim 1, further comprising a solar heat collecting component disposed on the carrier tray to collect the solar radiant heat. The solar collector according to claim 2, further comprising a focusing body disposed between the solar heat collecting assembly and the carrying tray, which focuses the solar radiant heat and radiates to the nano fluid. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein the carrier has a water outlet and a water inlet, and the two ends of the heat pipe respectively penetrate the water outlet and the water inlet. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein the nano flow system comprises a plurality of nano magnetic particles. The solar collector according to claim 5, wherein the nano magnetic particles are Fe ₃ O ₄ . The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein the color of the nano fluid is dark. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein the material of the heat pipe is copper.