TW201343219A - Water-soluble environmental protection fire extinguishing composition - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a water-soluble environmental protection fire extinguishing composition, which is a fire extinguishing agent for rapid solving and diluting. The main components of the composition (DTE) includes a foaming agent (EMAL), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBN), natural lignin and water. The component of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used for replacing the halogen hydrocarbons and may have excellent effect for cooling the fire scene and controlling the fire spreading. The added natural lignin may extend the water bleeding capability of the composition under a high temperature environment to keep the moisturizing effect and achieve an excellent anti-sag property.

Description

Water-soluble environmental protection fire extinguishing composition

The composition of the present invention has highly stable physical properties, and the discharge hardly affects the ozone in the stratosphere without causing a greenhouse effect. Falling into the earth can be naturally decomposed with soil bacteria and does not leave heavy metal components. It is beneficial for plants to regenerate and recover after fire. It will not cause major pollution to affect the self-purification ability of water bodies, and it is not harmful to human body (including corrosion damage) and corrosive. Low, can completely improve the after-effects caused by water fire extinguishing (serious water damage). Compared with various types of fire-extinguishing agents (such as foams, dry powders, etc.) that are commercially available, the treatment is easy and environmentally friendly, and the composition has significant characteristics.

In view of the rapid development of the global economy and the rapid expansion of the population every year, the land available to the city is becoming less and less. Many countries do their best to fight for unlimited living space in limited land, in urban buildings. The safety of buildings caused by high development conditions is important, and the prevention of fires and how to fire them in a timely and effective manner is the most important part of many safety considerations.

The water-soluble environmentally-extinguishing composition (DTE) of the present invention is different from other water-extinguishing agents in terms of fire extinguishing principle:

Aqueous solutions of basic metal salts:

An aqueous solution of a strong alkaline agent such as sodium carbonate (PH=12) is used as a fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing principle is to use the cooling function of the strong alkali liquid to reduce the oxygen concentration in the air, and to dilute the asphyxiation effect and suppress the synergistic effect to achieve effective fire extinguishing. purpose. The reaction formula of the fire is: 2NaHCO ₃ + H ₂ SO ₄ → Na ₂ SO ₄ + 2CO ₂ + 2H ₂ O The object of application is Class A fire.

Acid and alkali fire extinguishing agent:

The main agent is an alkaline sodium hydrogencarbonate aqueous solution and a sulfuric acid solution neutralized to produce sodium sulfate and a large amount of water, and carbon dioxide, etc., and uses the pressure of generating carbon dioxide as the injection power, and the reaction chemical formula of the fire is: H ₂ SO ₄ +2NaHCO ₃ →Na ₂ SO ₄ +2H ₂ O+2CO _{2 is} suitable for use in type A fires.

Chemical bubble

The alkaline liquid which adds a foaming agent to the main component of sodium bicarbonate is mixed with the acidic water-soluble of aluminum sulfate to produce a chemical foam of a large amount of carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide itself is a power source of pressure. The resulting foam utilizes the cooling action of the moisture content and the foaming effect of the foam covering the surface of the combustion product to supply oxygen to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire. Applicable to Class A and Type B fires, the reaction formula is: 6NaHCO ₃ +Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ +18H ₂ O→6CO ₂ +3Na ₂ SO ₄ +2Al(OH) ₃ +18H ₂ O

Looking at the above three kinds of fire extinguishing agents, the chemical bases can be found to have similar properties. Because of the development and application of synthetic surfactants, the biggest difference of the present invention (DTE) is the choice of additives to enhance the fire extinguishing efficiency. Meet environmental requirements.

The invention relates to a water-soluble environment-extinguishing composition for diluting (DTE) which can be quickly and quickly dissolved in water without delamination and sedimentation, and is suitable for use in filling of water-based fire extinguishing equipment. In order to have the advantages of high fire extinguishing efficiency, good environmental safety and no toxicity to human body, the composition of the present invention (DTE) has highly stable physical properties and is certified by the globally recognized and credible environmental protection evaluation, and the emission layer hardly affects the stratosphere. Ozone in the middle does not produce a greenhouse effect. Falling into the earth can be naturally decomposed with soil bacteria and does not leave heavy metal components. It is beneficial for plants to regenerate and recover after fire. It will not cause major pollution to affect the self-purification ability of water bodies, and it is not harmful to human body (including corrosion damage) and corrosive. Low, can completely improve the after-effects caused by water fire extinguishing (serious water damage).

The characteristic of fire is to burn a large amount of biological quality in a short period of time, release huge energy and smoke, cause biological death or burns, and cause large-scale forest fires, resulting in greatly reduced land security and water conservation functions, destroying natural landscapes and animal habitats, and It is difficult to recover in the short term and has a major impact on the ecosystem. The composition of the present invention contains natural lignin and is naturally decomposed with soil bacteria to produce an enzyme, which helps the plant to regenerate and recover.

The occurrence of fire must have three conditions: fuel, heat source and oxygen. It is theoretically reasonable to achieve any fire extinguishing purpose by removing any of the following conditions. The principle of the fire extinguishing application of the composition of the invention (DTE) is that the surface air resists rapid and rapid cooling. Compared with the commercially available foam type fire extinguishing agent, the foaming cover prevents air and water cooling from achieving the fire extinguishing effect, and the composition of the present invention (DTE) itself has the function of fine foaming, except for the transient covering and blocking air function, but there is no The heat source is coated with fine foam and quickly vaporized after heat treatment, resulting in a large surface effect, so that the heat absorption efficiency is maximized (1 liter of water becomes water vapor, and 335 KJ of heat needs to be absorbed), so that the combustion surface temperature rapidly drops. Cooling effect, rapid evaporation and expansion after heating (about 1000 times or more), effectively eliminate the air in the fire, and form a curtain around the fire, blocking the introduction of air outside the fire, and diluting the oxygen content in the air near the fire To cause a choking reaction to extinguish the fire. The deep infiltration effect produced by effectively utilizing its water content and anti-flow characteristics is low. The smoldering period of the fire field is relatively high, the radiant heat is relatively large, and the radiant heat is transmitted to the surrounding space and reaches the fuel igniting point, causing the fire field to periodically re-ignite. The composition of the present invention (DTE) can effectively absorb and block the radiant heat of the fire source due to the relatively low relative temperature. Effectively resist radiant heat to ignite secondary fires and prevent the spread of fire.

Note:

Main physical characteristics of the invention (DTE):

Appearance: light yellow

pH: 5.5~8

Specific gravity: <=1.04

Surface tension: <=30m N/m (20°C)

Freezing point: -2 ° C

Claims (1)

A water-soluble environmentally-extinguishing composition having a composition of at least one liter (1000 ml) of a foaming agent (EMAL): 70 ml; sodium dodecyl sulfonate (DBN): 150 ml; lignin: 70ml