TW201337148A - Solid-state lamps with improved radial emission and thermal performance - Google Patents

Abstract

A solid-state lamp is described that includes a first light emission zone and a second light emission zone, where the first light emission zone is longitudinally spaced apart from the second light emission zone. The light emission zones comprise a photoluminescence wavelength conversion component and a solid state light emitting device. The lamp comprises a lower body, a central body, and an upper duct, where the central body, and the upper duct together define at least one passageway/duct for thermal airflow.

Description

Solid state lamp with improved radial emission and thermal efficiency

Embodiments of the invention relate to solid state lamps having improved radial emission and thermal performance. In particular and not exclusively, embodiments relate to LED (Light Emitting Diode) based lamps having an omnidirectional emission mode.

White light emitting LEDs ("white LEDs") are known and are a fairly recent innovation. Until the LEDs emitted in the blue/ultraviolet portion of the electromagnetic spectrum were developed, it became practical to develop a white light source based on the LEDs. As taught in, for example, US 5,998,925, white LEDs comprise one or more phosphor materials, that is, photoluminescent materials that absorb a portion of the radiation emitted by the LED and re-emit it out. Light with a different color (wavelength). Typically, the LED wafer or die system produces blue light, and the one or more phosphorescent systems absorb a certain percentage of the blue light and re-emit yellow, or green and red, green and yellow, green and orange Light, or a combination of yellow and red light. The portion of the blue light produced by the LED that is not absorbed by the phosphor material in combination with the light system emitted by the phosphor provides light that appears nearly white in color to the eye.

High brightness white LEDs are increasingly being used to replace conventional fluorescent, small fluorescent and incandescent light sources due to their long operational life expectancy (>50,000 hours) and high luminous efficacy (70 lumens per watt and higher). .

In white LEDs, the phosphor material is typically mixed with a light transmissive material such as a polyoxyalkylene or epoxy material, and the mixture is applied to the light emitting surface of the LED dies. It is also known to provide the phosphor material as a layer on an optical member (a phosphor wavelength converting member) located at the distal end of the LED die or to incorporate the phosphor material into the optical member. An advantage of the distally disposed phosphor wavelength converting member is that the phosphor material is less likely to thermally degrade and the resulting light has a more consistent color.

1 is a perspective and cross-sectional view showing a known LED-based lamp (bulb) 10. The lamp includes a substantially conical thermally conductive body 12 that includes a plurality of latitudinal fins 14 circumferentially spaced around an outer curved surface of the body 12 to aid Dissipated in heat. The lamp 10 further includes a connector cover (spiral head) 16 that enables the lamp to be directly coupled to a power supply utilizing a standard electrical lighting spiral base. The connector cover 16 is mounted to the tip end of the truncated body of the body 12. The lamp 10 further includes one or more blue light emitting LEDs 18 mounted in thermal communication with the base of the body 12. To produce white light, the lamp 10 further includes a phosphor wavelength conversion member 20 mounted to the base of the body and configured to enclose the LED 18. As indicated in Figure 1, the wavelength converting member 20 can be a generally dome-shaped housing and contain one or more phosphor materials to provide wavelength conversion of the blue light produced by the LED. For aesthetic reasons, the lamp can further include a light transmissive outer casing 22 that is inserted into the wavelength converting member.

Traditional incandescent bulbs are a problem of poor efficiency and longevity. in With more efficient and longer-life lighting solutions, LED-based technology is moving toward replacing traditional bulbs and even replacing CFLs. However, this known LED-based lamp is often difficult to meet the function and form factor of an incandescent light bulb. Embodiments of the present invention address, at least in part, the limitations of the known LED-based lamps.

Embodiments of the invention relate to solid state lamps having improved emission and thermal characteristics.

In an embodiment of the invention, a lamp system includes at least one solid state light emitting device; a thermally conductive body; at least one conduit; and a photoluminescence wavelength converting member at a distal end of the at least one solid state light emitting device, wherein The at least one conduit extends through the photoluminescent wavelength converting member. The conduit, which may be formed as an integral part of the body or as a separate component, is configured to define a path for hot gas flow through the thermally conductive body and thereby provide the body and the at least one illumination Cooling of the device.

The member incorporates the conduit and a surface of the body defining a volume into the at least one illumination device. The member may comprise a substantially toroidal housing or a cylindrical housing.

In certain embodiments, the thermally conductive body further includes a recess in combination with the conduit defining a path for the flow of hot gas through the thermally conductive body. The recess can include a plurality of openings through which the hot gas stream can pass, and the plurality of openings can be disposed on a side surface of the body. One or more of the openings may include an elongated opening. For example, a rectangular slot. To aid in heat dissipation, the lamp can further include circumferentially spaced fins on the thermally conductive body. In such a configuration, one or more of the openings can be disposed between the heat sink fins.

To maximize illumination from the lamp, the lamp can further include a light reflecting surface disposed between the tube and the member. In some embodiments, the light reflecting surface comprises at least a portion of an outer surface of the conduit. The light reflecting surface can be formed using a light reflecting sleeve that is disposed adjacent to the tube. Alternatively, the surface of the pipe can be treated such that it is reflected light. In some embodiments, the light reflecting surface comprises a substantially conical surface.

In order to ensure a uniform radial emission pattern, the lamp may further comprise a light diffusing member. In some embodiments, the light diffusing member comprises a substantially annular housing through which the conduit passes.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a photoluminescent member includes: a light transmissive wall defining an outer surface, the member having at least two openings and at least one photoluminescent material responsive to excitation light to generate light, wherein In operation, the member emits light at an angle of at least ± 135° with a change of less than about 20% in the intensity of the emitted light. Preferably, the member is further configured to, in operation, emit at least 5% of the total luminous flux at an angle of ±135° to an angle of ±180°. In some embodiments, the member includes a substantially annular housing. For ease of manufacture, the annular housing preferably includes two identical components. In other configurations, the member includes a cylindrical housing.

A photoluminescent material, such as a phosphor, typically has a yellow to orange appearance, and to improve the visual appearance of the member in an open state, the member can further include a light diffusing layer on the member. The light diffusing material which may comprise titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), barium sulfate (BaSO ₄ ), magnesium oxide (MgO), cerium oxide (SiO ₂ ) or aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) preferably has A white appearance whereby the yellow appearance of the member in the open state is reduced.

In one embodiment, the member includes: a continuous outer wall defining an interior volume; a first opening defined by the continuous outer wall; and a second defined by the continuous outer wall An opening, wherein the second opening is at an opposite end of the first opening; and wherein the first and second openings are smaller than a maximum length across the continuous outer wall.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a lamp system includes: a thermally conductive body including at least one recess having a first opening disposed on an end surface of the body and a plurality of other ones disposed on the body a second opening on the surface; at least one solid state light emitting device mounted in thermal communication with the end surface of the thermally conductive body; and a conduit extending beyond the at least one solid state light emitting device, wherein the conduit and the recess define The path of the hot gas flow through the thermally conductive body. In certain embodiments, the conduit and the primary system include separate components. Alternatively, the conduit can be integrally formed with the body.

Preferably, the duct comprises a light reflecting surface. The light reflecting surface can be formed using a light reflecting sleeve that is disposed adjacent to the tube. Alternatively, the light reflecting surface can include an outer surface of the conduit. The light reflecting surface typically includes a substantially conical surface.

In some embodiments, the lamp further includes a photoluminescent wavelength converting member configured to absorb a portion of the light emitted by the at least one light emitting device and to emit light having a different wavelength. Preferably, the wavelength converting member is at a distal end of the at least one solid state light emitting device. In a preferred embodiment, the wavelength converting member in combination with the light reflecting surface and the end surface of the body defines a volume into the at least one light emitting device. Preferably, the wavelength converting member comprises a substantially annular housing or a cylindrical housing.

The lamp can further include a light diffusing member. In some embodiments, the light diffusing member in combination with the light reflecting surface and the end surface of the body defines a volume that is incorporated into the at least one light emitting device. The light diffusing member preferably includes an annular casing. To facilitate manufacturing and eliminate the need for a detachable former during molding of the component, the annular housing can include two identical components.

In some embodiments, the at least one recess is coaxial with the thermally conductive body. One or more of the plurality of second openings are typically disposed on a side surface of the body.

According to the present invention, a lamp system having an overall length of less than 150 mm includes: a base portion and a light emitting portion; wherein the base portion houses a power supply and has a length of at least 40 of the overall length %, wherein the base portion forms a base heat sink that allows air to flow through a base heat sink conduit in the base heat sink; and wherein the light emitting portion includes at least one solid state lighting device and has a The length is less than 60% of the overall length, wherein the light emitting portion forms a second heat sink, It allows air to flow through a second conduit in the second radiator.

In some embodiments, a lamp system includes a plurality of light emitting regions, wherein a first light emitting region includes a first photoluminescent wavelength converting member and a first solid state light emitting device, and a second light emitting region includes A second photoluminescent wavelength converting member and a second solid state light emitting device. In some embodiments, the first illuminating region and the second illuminating region are longitudinally spaced apart.

In some embodiments, the first and second illuminating regions are substantially parallel to each other. The first and second illuminating regions may be substantially shaped into a spherical region. The first and/or second illuminating regions may further comprise a diffuser. The first and/or second illuminating region can be formed as a continuous housing surrounding the lamp.

The first and second photoluminescent wavelength converting members can be at the distal ends of the individual first and second solid state lighting devices. The lamp can include the first solid state light emitting device mounted to a first substrate and the second solid state light emitting device mounted over a second substrate, wherein the substrates are in thermal communication with a central body.

In some embodiments, the light system includes a lower body, a central body, and an upper conduit, wherein the central body and the upper conduit together define at least one passage for the hot gas flow. The lower body, the central body, and the upper conduit, respectively, may include openings for the hot gas flow. In certain embodiments, at least one of the central body and the upper conduit includes a heat fin.

Throughout this patent specification, the same element symbols are used to indicate similar elements.

Lamps (bulbs) are available in a number of versions and are generally referenced by a combination of letters and numbers. The letter designation of a lamp usually refers to the specific shape of the type of the lamp, such as general (A, 蕈 shape), high wattage general (PS- pear shape), decoration (B-candle, CA-spiral candle) Shape, BA-tip curved candle, F-flame, P-fancy round, G-spherical, reflector (R), aluminum parabolic reflector (PAR), and polygon reflector (MR). The designation of the number refers to the size of a lamp, usually to indicate the diameter of a lamp in one-eighth of a unit. Therefore, an A-19 type lamp refers to a general lamp (bulb) whose shape is referred to by the letter "A" and has a maximum diameter of two and eight-eighths. At the time of the application of this patent document, the most commonly used household "bulb" is a lamp having the A-19 housing, which is generally sold in the United States with an E26 base.

There are various standardization and regulatory organizations that provide exact specifications to define standards under which manufacturers are authorized to use the reference nomenclature of these standards to identify lighting products. Regarding the actual size of the lamp, ANSI provides specifications describing the required size and shape (ANSI C78.20-2003), which will authorize the manufacturer to be permitted to indicate that the lamp is an A-19 type lamp, such as The one depicted in 25a. In addition to the actual size of the lamp, there may be additional specifications and standards that point to the performance and functionality of the lamp. For example, in the United States, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in conjunction with the US Department of Energy (DOE), publishes a performance specification based on a product that can be labeled as "ENERGY STAR". For example, it specifies the requirements for power usage, minimum light output requirements, light intensity distribution requirements, luminous efficacy requirements, and life expectancy.

The problem is that the different requirements of different specifications and standards create design constraints that often hamper each other. For example, the A-19 lamp system is associated with very specific physical size and size requirements, which requires ensuring that the A-19 type lamps sold on the market will be compatible with conventional home lighting fixtures. However, for LED-based alternative lamps that are eligible for ENERGY STAR as an A-19 replacement, they must exhibit certain performance-related standards when limited by the form factor and size of the A-19 lamp. This is difficult to achieve with solid state lighting products.

For example, regarding the light intensity distribution criteria in the ENERGY STAR specification, for LED-based alternative lamps that are to be eligible for ENERGY STAR as an A-19 replacement, they must exhibit uniformity over a 270° range. (+/-20%) luminous intensity, and exceeding 270° is a minimum of 5% total luminescence. The problem is that the LED replacement lamp requires an electronic drive circuit and a sufficient heat sink area; in order to conform these components to an A-19 form factor, the bottom portion of the lamp (housing) is replaced by a thermally conductive housing. The thermally conductive housing functions as a heat sink and houses the driver circuit, which is required to convert the AC power source into a low voltage DC power source for the LED. One problem with the housing of an LED lamp is that it blocks illumination in the direction of the base that is required for ENERGY STAR. Therefore, many LED lights lose the light-emitting area under the conventional light bulb and become a directional light source, which emits most of the light from the upper dome (180° mode), and is actually blocked by the heat sink (body) There is no downward light, which prevents the lamp from complying with the Energy Star regulations. The ability of the light intensity distribution standard in the grid.

Furthermore, LED performance is affected by operating temperatures. In general, the maximum temperature that an LED chip can handle is 150 °C. In the case where the A-19 lamp is typically used in ceiling lighting, a hot outdoor environment, and a closed light source, ambient air temperatures around the lamp can be as high as 55 °C. Therefore, it is important to have sufficient heat sink area and airflow for reliable LED performance.

As indicated in Table 1, the goal is to replace the 100W incandescent LED lamp system with 1600 lumens, the replacement 75W lamp for 1100 lumens, and the replacement for the 60W lamp for 800 lumens. This luminescence is a function of wattage that is non-linear because the performance of incandescent lamps is non-linear.

Alternative lamps also have dimensions. For example and as shown in Figure 24a, an A-19 lamp should have a standard of maximum length and diameter of 3.5" long and 2 3/8" wide. In an LED lamp, this volume must be divided into a heat sink portion and a light emitting portion. The heat sink portion is typically the base of the LED lamp, and for an equivalent replacement lamp of 60 W and higher wattage, typically 50% or even longer of the length of the lamp is required. Even with this part as a heat sink, it has been very difficult to obtain sufficient heat sink cooling for LED lamps having these size limitations. Larger LED heat sinks may make alternative lamps no longer able to meet many standard luminaires. In addition to the problem of illumination mode, LED heat sinks often block light in one direction. Some LED lights have attempted to use active cooling (fans), but this adds cost, reliability issues, and noise, and is therefore not considered a preferred method.

In addition, white LEDs are point sources. If they are packaged in an array without a diffuser dome or other optical overlay, they will appear to be a very bright point of the array, commonly referred to as "glare." Such glare is undesirable in lamps that are replaced by larger, softer illuminating regions similar to the preferred conventional incandescent bulbs.

In the general consumer market, LED replacement lamps are currently considered too expensive. An A-19, 60W replacement LED usually costs many times more than an incandescent bulb or a small fluorescent lamp. This high cost is due to the complex and expensive structures and components used in these lamps.

Embodiments of the present invention address, at least in part, each of the above problems. In some embodiments of the invention, the LED is disposed on a circuit board On a single component while maintaining a wide launch mode. Embodiments of the present invention allow the lamp to be fabricated for optical and heat sink components using simple injection molded plastic parts. Moreover, the design minimizes the number of components in the optics, heat sinks, and electronic circuitry, thereby minimizing cost. The increased optical efficiency and thermal characteristics are combined to achieve a reduction in the number of LED components, the area of the heat sink, and the size of the power supply. All of these produce a lamp with lower cost and higher efficiency. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention enable ENERGY STAR-compliant lamps that can be used with alternative lamps of 75 watts and higher.

An LED-based lamp 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to Figures 2 through 5, which respectively show a perspective view of the lamp; a top view and a side view; an exploded view and a cross Section view. The lamp 100 is configured to operate with a 110V (rms) AC (60 Hz) primary power supply as seen in North America, and to use a 75W A-19 incandescent bulb as a minimum initial output of 1,100 lumens. One is in line with the ENERGY STAR alternative.

The lamp 100 includes a generally conical thermally conductive body 110. The body 110 is a solid body having an outer surface that is generally similar to a frustum of a cone; in other words, a tip or apex is a cone that is truncated parallel to the plane of the pedestal (substantially frustoconical). The body 110 is made of a type having high thermal conductivity (usually 150Wm ^-1 K ^-1 , preferably Made of 200Wm ^-1 K ^-1 ), for example, aluminum ( 250Wm ^-1 K ^-1 ), an alloy of aluminum, a magnesium alloy, a metal-loaded plastic material such as a polymer such as an epoxy resin. Conveniently, when the body 110 comprises a metal alloy, it can be die cast, or when it comprises a metal loaded polymer, it can be molded, for example, by injection molding.

A plurality of latitudinally extending radially extending fins (pulses) 120 are circumferentially spaced around the outer curved surface of the body 110. Since the lighting device is intended to replace a conventional incandescent A-19 bulb, the size of the lamp is selected to ensure that the device will fit into a conventional lighting fixture.

A coaxial cylindrical recess 130 extends into the body 110 from a circular opening 140 in the base of the body. A substantially circular passage (catheter) 150 is disposed between each of the fins 120, the passage 150 connecting the recess 130 to an outer curved surface of the body. In the exemplary embodiment, the channels 150 are positioned adjacent the base of the body. The channels 150 are circumferentially spaced apart and each channel is in a generally radial direction and away from the base of the body (i.e., as shown in Figure 5, in a generally downwardly extending direction) ) extended. As will be further described, the channels 150 incorporate the recess 130 such that air can flow through the body to enhance cooling of the lamp. An example of a lamp that embodies a recess to promote hot air flow and cooling of a solid state lamp is disclosed in the commonly-owned application entitled "Light Emitting Diode (LED) Illumination Device" filed on September 8, 2008. The entire content of this application is incorporated herein by reference.

The body can further include a coaxial cylindrical recess 160 extending from the top end of the truncated body 110 into the body 110. A rectifier or other driver circuit 165 (see FIG. 5) for operating the lamp can be received in the recess 160.

The lamp 100 further includes an E26 connector cover (spiral head) 170 that enables the lamp to be directly coupled to a primary power supply utilizing a standard electrical lighting spiral base. It will be appreciated that other connector covers can be utilized depending on the desired application, for example, dual-contact cards commonly used in various parts of the UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand and the Great Britain. Port cable connector (also known as B22d or BC), or an E27 lamp head (spiral head) as used in Europe. The connector cover 170 is mounted to the top end of the truncation of the body 110 and the main system is electrically isolated from the cover.

A plurality of (twelve in the depicted example) solid state illuminators 180 are mounted on a substrate 200 as an annular array, as shown in more detail in FIG. In some embodiments, the substrate 200 includes a ring-shaped MCPCB (metal-based printed circuit board). As is known, the MCPCB includes a layered structure consisting of a metal core substrate, typically aluminum, a thermally conductive/electrically insulating dielectric layer, and an electrical connection for electrically connecting the components in a desired circuit configuration. The copper circuit layer is composed of. The metal core substrate of the MCPCB 200 is mounted by means of a thermally conductive compound, such as an adhesive comprising a standard heat sink compound containing tantalum oxide or aluminum nitride, in thermal communication with the base of the body 110. The circuit board 200 is sized to be substantially identical to the base of the body 110 and includes a central aperture 210 corresponding to the circular opening 140.

Each solid state illuminator 180 can include a 1 W gallium nitride based blue light emitting LED. The LEDs 180 are configured such that their primary emission axis is parallel to the axis of the lamp. In other embodiments, the LEDs can be It is configured such that its main emission axis is in a radial direction. A light reflecting mask 220 covers the MCPCB and includes apertures 221 corresponding to each of the LEDs and the opening 210 (as shown in Figure 17).

The lamp 100 further includes a conduit (catheter) 230 projecting from the plane of the circuit board 200. In the present embodiment, the conduit 230 is a thermally conductive, generally frustoconical hollow member that includes an axial through passage and a circular opening 240 in its base. As will be described, the conduit 230 can function as a heat sink to help dissipate the heat generated by the LEDs 180 and act as a light reflector to ensure that the lamp has an omnidirectional emission. In this specification, "pipe" may be referred to as "extended flue" or "extended pipe" and it will be appreciated that such references are used interchangeably. As shown in more detail in Figures 13 and 14, the channel can include a plurality of heat sink fins 250 that extend into and through the channel in a radial direction. The tube 230 can be made of a material having a high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum, an alloy of aluminum, a magnesium alloy, a metal-loaded plastic material, such as a polymer such as an epoxy resin. Conveniently, when the tube 230 comprises a metal alloy, it can be die cast or it can be molded when it comprises a metal loaded polymer. The conduit 230 is mounted with the top end of the truncated portion of the conduit 230 in thermal communication with the base of the body 110. As indicated, the conduit 230 can be attached to the base using a screw fastener 255. The axial through passage is sized to correspond to the diameter of the recess 130 such that when the conduit 230 is mounted to the body (see FIG. 5), the conduit 230 provides the recess away from the body An extension of the base. It will be recognized that The conduit 230 is configured to provide fluid communication between the opening 240 and the recess. The lamp can further include a light reflecting conical sleeve 260 mounted over the outer curved conical surface of the conduit 230. The light reflecting conical sleeve 260 can be implemented using any suitable material. In some embodiments, the light reflecting conical sleeve 260 includes a sheet of material that is adhered to the exterior surface of the tube 230. In some embodiments, it is not a conical sleeve 260 that utilizes light reflection, but the outer surface of the tube 230 can be treated such that it is reflective, such as a powder coating or metallization.

The lamp 100 further includes a light transmissive wavelength converting member 270 comprising one or more photoluminescent materials. The photoluminescent material may be integrally formed into the wavelength converting member 270 or deposited onto a surface of the wavelength converting member 270. In certain embodiments, the photoluminescent material comprises a phosphor. For the purpose of illustration only, the following description is made with reference to a photoluminescent material that is explicitly embodied as a phosphor material. However, the invention is applicable to any type of photoluminescent material, for example, not a phosphor material, or a quantum dot. A quantum dot is a part of a substance (such as a semiconductor) whose exciton is confined to all three spatial dimensions, which can be excited by radiant energy to emit a specific wavelength or a range of wavelengths. Light. Thus, unless so claimed, the invention is not limited to phosphor-based wavelength converting members. The phosphor material may comprise an inorganic or organic phosphor, for example, a tellurite-based phosphor having the general composition A ₃ Si(O,D) ₅ or A ₂ Si(O,D) ₄ , wherein Si is germanium, O is oxygen, and the system A includes strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), magnesium (Mg) or calcium (Ca), and the D system includes chlorine (Cl), fluorine (F), nitrogen (N) or sulfur (S). . An example of a citrate-based phosphor is disclosed in U.S. Patent 7,575,697 B2 "Citrate-Based Green Phosphor" (given to Intematix Corp.), US 7,601,276 B2" Biphasic 矽Acid-based yellow phosphor" (given to Intertek), US 7,655,156 B2 "phosphonate-based orange phosphor" (given to Intertek) and US 7,311,858 B2"矽Acid-based yellow-green phosphor" (given to the Intermec Corporation). The phosphor may also comprise an aluminate-based material, for example, in the co-pending patent application US 2006/0158090 A1 "Innovative Aluminate-Based Green Phosphor" and Patent US 7,390,437 B2" Aluminate-Based Blue Phosphor "Aluminum silicate phosphor, as taught in the application for the application of US2008/0111472 A1 "Aluminum citrate orange red phosphor", or Is a nitride-based red phosphor material, for example, in the commonly-owned U.S. Patent Application No. US2009/0283721 A1 "Nitride-Based Red Phosphor" and US2010/074963 A1" in RGB (Red-Green-Blue) Lighting System The nitrided red light in the middle of the teachings. It will be appreciated that the phosphor material is not limited to the examples described and may include any phosphor material comprising a nitride and/or sulfate phosphor material, nitrogen oxides, and persulfate phosphors, Or garnet material (YAG).

As shown in more detail in Figures 19 and 20, the wavelength converting member 270 can include a generally annular housing that is constructed from two members 270a and 270b. As best seen in Figures 19 and 20, the shape of the wavelength converting member includes a rotationally-formed surface that is created by rotating an arcuate pattern (contour) about an axis at which the axis is Outside the graph, The axis is parallel to the face of the graphic and does not intersect the graphic. It will be appreciated that the contour of the housing need not be a closed pattern, and in the embodiment of Figures 19 and 20, the contour includes a portion of a spiral. Examples of contours for the annular housing include, but are not limited to, a portion of an Archimedes spiral, a portion of a hyperbolic spiral, or a portion of a pair of spirals. In other embodiments, the contour may comprise a portion of a circle, a portion of an ellipse, or a portion of a parabola.

Thus, in the context of this application, toroidal refers to a rotationally formed surface that is created by rotating a planar geometry about an axis that is external to the graphic and is not limited A closed figure, such as a torus in which the figure is a circle.

The wavelength converting member 270 can be manufactured by injection molding and made of polycarbonate or acrylate. One benefit of fabricating this component from two components is that it eliminates the need to use a detachable former during the molding process. In the present embodiment, the two members 270a and 270b are identical, which allows for higher manufacturing efficiency because the wavelength converting member 270 can be easily applied without the complexity of having two different types of components. Manufacture, that is, a single component can be fabricated and fabricated using a single component type during manufacture. In an alternative embodiment, the wavelength converting member can comprise a single member. In some embodiments, the photoluminescent material can be evenly dispersed throughout the volume of the member 270 as part of the molding process. Alternatively, the photoluminescent material can be provided as a layer on the inner or outer surface of the member.

In other embodiments, the wavelength converting member can include an inner member 270' inside the outer member 270, as indicated by the dashed line 270' in FIG. In such a configuration, the annular member 270 can comprise a light diffusing material. The light diffusing material can be utilized for aesthetic considerations and improves the visual appearance of the lamp in an "off state". A common problem with one of the phosphor-based lighting devices is the non-white appearance of the device in its open state. During the on state of the LED device, the LED wafer or die produces blue light, and the phosphor system absorbs a certain percentage of the blue light and re-emits yellow, or green and red, green, and yellow light. , green and orange, or a combination of yellow and red. The portion of the blue light produced by the LED that is not absorbed by the phosphor combines with the light system emitted by the phosphor to provide light that appears nearly white in color to the human eye. However, for a phosphor device in its open state, the lack of a blue light system that would otherwise be produced by the LED in the on state makes the device have a yellowish, yellowish orange, or orange appearance. Potential consumers or buyers of such lamps looking for white-looking lights may be confused by the pale yellow, yellow-orange, or orange appearance of such devices on the market because the device on the store shelf is Its open circuit state. This may be disgusting or undesirable for potential buyers, and as a result, there is no loss of sales to the target consumer. In the present embodiment, if the inner member 270' is covered by the outer member 270, an appropriate selection of the material of the outer member 270 may improve the appearance of the open state of the lamp, for example by configuring the outer member 270. A light diffusing material such as a light transmissive binder and a mixture of particles of a light diffusing material such as titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ). The light diffusing material may also be other materials such as barium sulfate (BaSO ₄ ), magnesium oxide (MgO), cerium oxide (SiO ₂ ) or aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ). The light diffusing material is typically white in color. In this manner, in the open state, the phosphor material within the lamp will appear to be white in color rather than the color of the phosphor material, which is typically yellow-green, yellow or orange in color.

One benefit of a shaped wavelength converting member can be ease of molding. The internal wavelength converting member 270' can be configured in any suitable shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the internal wavelength converting member 270' has a frustoconical shape. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 21, the internal wavelength converting member 270' has a cylindrical shape.

In operation, the LEDs 180 generate excitation light of blue light, a portion of which excites a phosphor within the wavelength conversion member 270, the phosphor system being responsive to produce another wavelength by a photoluminescence process ( The color of light, usually yellow, yellow/green, orange, red, or a combination of these colors. The portion of the light produced by the blue LED combined with the light system produced by the phosphor causes the lamp to be a white color luminescent product 400 (Fig. 6).

It will be appreciated that this configuration can also be employed with lamps that utilize non-distal phosphors that utilize white LEDs as solid state illuminators 180. Such a white LED can be formed using a phosphor material of a powder mixed with a light transmissive liquid binder, typically a polyoxyalkylene or epoxy resin, and wherein the mixture is applied directly to the light emitting surface of the LED die. The LED dies are encapsulated by a phosphor material.

Since the phosphor material is not at the distal end of the LED, this method does not require deposition or integral formation of a phosphor material within the member 270. But, The member 270 includes a diffuser material to diffuse light generated by the solid state illuminators 180.

The operation of the lamp 100 from a thermal point of view will now be described with reference to Figure 6, which is a cross-sectional view of the lamp in a first operational orientation in which the connector cover is directed in an upward direction, That is, for example, would be the case where the lamp was used in a pendant type of luminaire suspended from the ceiling. In operation, the heat generated by the LEDs 180 is directed into the base of the thermally conductive body 110 and then directed through the body to the exterior surface of the body and the interior of the recess 130 The surface, the thermal system is then radiated to the surrounding air at the surfaces. The radiated heat is convected by ambient air and the heated air is raised (i.e., in a direction toward the connector cover of Figure 6) to establish movement of air through the device. (Flow), as indicated by the solid arrow 300. In a steady state, air is drawn through the circular opening 260 in the conduit 230 and is attracted to the lamp by the relatively hotter air rising in the recess 130 and the conduit 230, the air being absorbed by the The walls of the recess 130 and the heat radiated from the fins 250 rise through the recess 130 and exit through the passage 150. In addition, warm air rising over the outer surface of the body 110 and passing over the passage openings will further attract air through the lamp. The recess 130, the passage 150 and the duct 230 are combined in a manner similar to the way in which the air is drawn into the chimney (air duct) for combustion by the rise of hot gases in the duct by the "chimney effect". Come to work.

Configuring the walls of the channels 150 such that they extend in a generally upward direction (i.e., relative to a line parallel to the axis of the body) to promote air The flow through the device is increased by increasing the "chimney effect" and thereby the cooling of the lamp is enhanced. It will be appreciated that in this mode of operation, the circular opening 240 acts as an air inlet and the channels 150 act as exhaust ports.

The ability of the body 110 to dissipate heat, that is, its heat dissipation performance, will depend on the material of the body, the geometry of the body, and the overall surface heat transfer coefficient. In general, the heat dissipation performance of a forced convection heat sink arrangement can be achieved by (i) increasing the thermal conductivity of the heat sink material, (ii) increasing the surface area of the heat sink, and (iii) by, for example, increasing heat dissipation. The air flow above the surface of the device is improved by increasing the heat transfer coefficient of the overall region. In the lamp 100, the recess 130 increases the surface area of the body whereby more heat can be radiated from the body. For example, in the described embodiment, the recess is substantially cylindrical in form and may have a diameter in the range of 20 mm to 30 mm and a height in the range of 45 mm to 80 mm, ie the recess Having a surface area in the range of about 1,000 mm ² to 3,800 mm ² , for a device having a size substantially corresponding to an incandescent bulb (ie, an axial body length of 65 to 100 mm and a body diameter of 60 to 80 mm) The language system represents an increase of up to about 30% over the surface area of the thermal emission. In addition to increasing the surface area of the thermal emission, the recess 130 also reduces variations in the heat dissipation performance of each LED device. Arranging the illuminators around the opening of the recess shortens the length of the thermally conductive path from each device to the closest thermal emitting surface of the body and promotes more uniform cooling of the LEDs. In contrast, in a configuration that does not include a central recess and the LED devices are configured as an array, the device located at the center of the array is compared to the thermal thermal path generated by the device positioned at the edge of the array. The heat generated will have a longer thermal path to a thermal emitting surface, which results in lower heat dissipation of the LEDs at the center of the array. In selecting the size of the recess, a balance between maximizing the surface area of the overall thermal emission of the body and not substantially reducing the thermal mass of the body needs to be achieved.

Although the recess increases the surface area of the thermal emission of the body, the recess may be operated when the device is oriented in a downward direction (instead of the plurality of channels 150). The heated air is trapped and heat buildup is caused in the recess. The passages 150 allow the heated air to escape from the recess and, in doing so, establish a flow of air into and out of the recess, thereby increasing the heat transfer coefficient of the body. It will be appreciated that the channels 150 provide a form of passive forced heat convection. Therefore, the recess and the passage can be considered as a whole including a duct. Furthermore, it will be appreciated that the angle of inclination of the channel wall may affect the rate of air flow and thus the heat transfer coefficient. For example, if the walls of the recess and the passage are substantially vertical, the "chimney effect" is maximized because the air flow will have minimal impedance, but there will be lower heat transfer to the moving air. Conversely, the more inclined the walls of the recesses and/or channels are, the more they exhibit a greater resistance to air flow and more heat is transferred to the moving air. Since in many applications it will be desirable for the lamp to operate in a number of orientations, including those in which the axis of the body is not perpendicular, the channel preferably extends relative to an axis parallel to the body. The line is in the direction of about 45° so that air flow will occur regardless of the orientation of the device. The geometry, size and angle of the slope of the recess and the walls of the passage are preferably selected using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to optimize cooling of the body. It is contemplated that by properly configuring the channels 150, an increase in heat dissipation performance of up to 30% is possible. Preliminary calculations indicate that the inclusion of a recess in combination with the channels can result in an increase in heat dissipation performance of 15% to 25%.

Referring to Figure 7, the operation of the lamp 100 is now described with respect to a second operational orientation in which the connector cover is guided in a downward direction, i.e., would be, for example, when utilizing the light in an upward direction Illuminated fixtures, such as in desks, desks or floor standlamps. In operation, the heat generated by the LEDs 180 is directed into the base of the thermally conductive body 110 and then directed through the body to the exterior surface of the body and the interior of the recess 130 The surface, the thermal system is then radiated to the surrounding air at the surfaces. The heat radiated in the recess 130 heats the air in the recess, and the heated air rises (i.e., in a direction away from the connector cover in Fig. 7) to establish passage. The air flow of the lamp is as indicated by the solid arrow 300. In the steady state, the cooler air is drawn into the body of the lamp through the channels 150 by rising relatively hot air in the recess 130, the air being absorbed by the passage and the recess The wall radiates heat and rises through the recess 130 and the conduit 230 away from the circular opening 240. In this mode of operation, the channels 150 act as air inlets and the circular recess openings act as an exhaust port.

The current design of the improved heat treatment capability allows the lamp to have 100 There is a larger power output of the LED lamp while still allowing the heat sink device to be small enough that the heat sink configuration will not unduly block light emitted from the lower portion of the lamp, for example, when When one of the lamps 100 is at an appropriate distance (usually at least five times the aperture (maximum diameter) of the lamp, IES LM79-08), the lamp 100 can be at 0 degrees relative to the vertical axis of symmetry of the lamp 100. Provide a uniform light intensity distribution up to 135 degrees. In certain embodiments, the light system is configured such that at least 5% of the total flux calculated in lumens is emitted in the region of 135° to 180° of the lamp 100. For an A-19 lamp, this typically requires a uniform emission profile to be measured at a distance of at least about seven inches. This means that even a higher power LED based lamp designed according to the current embodiment can provide an appropriate light intensity distribution of the lamp sufficient to meet the form factor and performance requirements of various lamp standards.

An LED-based lamp 100 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention is now described with reference to Figures 8 through 12 and configured as a 75W A-19 incandescent bulb having a minimum initial output of 1,100 lumens. One is in line with the ENERGY STAR alternative. The main difference between this embodiment and the previously described embodiments relates to the configuration of the thermally conductive body 110. The body 110 is a solid body having an outer surface substantially including a plurality of latitudinal radially extending fins 120 circumferentially spaced around the outer curved surface of the body 110 and formed A generally prominent curved shape. As before, the body 110 is made of a type having high thermal conductivity (usually 150Wm ^-1 K ^-1 , preferably Made of 200Wm ^-1 K ^-1 ), for example, aluminum ( 250Wm ^-1 K ^-1 ), an alloy of aluminum, a magnesium alloy, a metal-loaded plastic material, such as a polymer such as an epoxy resin. When the body 110 comprises a metal alloy, it can be die cast or it can be molded when it comprises a metal loaded polymer. A coaxial cylindrical recess 130 extends into the body 110 from a circular opening 140 in the base of the body.

The embodiment of Figures 8-12 is in the recess 130 and the body relative to the substantially circular passage (catheter) 150 connecting the recess 130 to the outer curved surface of the body in the previous embodiment. A vertical opening (groove) 152 is included between the outer curved surfaces. The vertical openings 152 are positioned adjacent the base of the body but form an elongated rectangular opening having a width corresponding to the distance between the two heat dissipation fins 120. The vertical length of the vertical openings 152 corresponds to the height of the recess 130. The vertical openings 152 are circumferentially spaced between some or all of the fins 120.

The plurality of latitudinally extending radially extending fins 120 are circumferentially spaced around the outer curved surface of the body 110, which is a generally convex curved shape that extends outwardly from the body, and The position of the vertical opening 152 is its maximum distance from the center of the body 110.

Figure 21 is a polar plot of the angular distribution of light intensity (luminous flux per unit solid angle) measured for the lamps of Figures 8 through 10, and the lamp of Figures 8 through 10 is a light having a housing including a ring A lamp that emits a wavelength converting member. The test data confirms that the luminaire according to an embodiment of the invention has an emitted light intensity distribution in which the change in emission intensity at an emission angle of 0° to +/- 135° is less than 18%. Furthermore, the lamp system according to an embodiment of the present invention A total flux of greater than 10% is emitted in the region of 135° to 180°.

In operation, the heat generated by the LEDs 180 is directed into the base of the thermally conductive body 110 and then directed through the body to the exterior surface of the body and the interior of the recess 130 The surface, the thermal system is then radiated to the surrounding air at the surfaces. The radiated heat is convected by ambient air and the heated air rises to establish movement (flow) of air through the device. In a steady state, air is drawn into the lamp by rising relatively hot air in the recess 130 and the conduit 230, the air being absorbed by the wall of the recess 130 and from the fins 250 The heat of the radiation rises through the recess 130 and exits through the vertical opening 152. In addition, warm air rising over the outer surface of the body 110 and passing over the passage openings will further attract air through the lamp. The recess 130, the vertical opening 152 and the duct 230 are together in a chimney (air duct) similar to where the air is drawn in for combustion by the rise of hot gases in the duct by the "chimney effect" The way to work.

Configuring the vertical opening 152 to be an elongated rectangular shape allows a very large opening to exist between the recess 130 and the exterior of the body 110. These large openings formed by the vertical openings 152 promote greater airflow and air exchange to pass through the lamp 100, so that the heat collected by the conduit 230, the body 110, and the heat sink fins 120 can be more quickly dissipation. As previously discussed, the ability of the body 110 to dissipate heat, that is, its heat dissipation performance, will depend on the host material, the geometry of the body, and the overall surface heat transfer coefficient. In general, a forced convection radiator The heat dissipation performance can be increased by (i) increasing the thermal conductivity of the heat sink material, (ii) increasing the surface area of the heat sink, and (iii) increasing the flow of air over the surface of the heat sink, for example. The overall area heat transfer coefficient is improved. In the current embodiment, the surface area of the heat sink is increased by extending the heat sink fins outwardly in a curved configuration. Moreover, the overall area heat transfer coefficient is increased by increasing the flow of air over the surface of the heat sink, for example by utilizing an elongated rectangular shape for the vertical opening 152 to increase the internal recess. The size of the opening between the portion 130 and the exterior of the body 110 contributes to increased air flow over the surface of the heat sink.

23 and 24 depict one configuration in which the wavelength converting member is formed as an inner member 270' inside the outer member 270. As discussed above in relation to FIG. 5, such a configuration can be employed to configure the outer member 270 with a light diffusing material, for example, for aesthetic considerations and to improve the visual appearance of the lamp in an "off state." Appropriate selection of the material of the outer member 270 may improve the white appearance of the open state of the lamp, for example by configuring the outer member 270 to comprise a light diffusing material, such as a light transmissive adhesive and, for example, titanium dioxide (TiO) ₂ ) A mixture of particles of a white light diffusing material. The light diffusing material may also be other materials such as barium sulfate (BaSO ₄ ), magnesium oxide (MgO), cerium oxide (SiO ₂ ) or aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ). In this manner, in the open state, the phosphor material within the lamp will appear to be white in color rather than the color of the phosphor material, which is typically yellow-green, yellow or orange in color. The internal wavelength converting member 270' can be configured in any suitable shape. For example, the internal wavelength converting member 270' can have the shape of a truncated cone or, as shown in FIG. 22, the internal wavelength converting member 270' can be configured to have a generally cylindrical shape.

Accordingly, the above embodiments allow an LED-based lamp to manage the thermal characteristics of the lamp such that the lamp conforms to the required size and form factor specifications to conform to standard size lighting fixtures (eg, for A- The 19-lamp ANSI specification) while still achieving all of the required light performance expectations for various lighting specifications (eg, ENERGY STAR specifications for solid state lamps). This is depicted in Figures 25a and 25b, wherein Figure 25a shows the dimensional requirements of the A-19 lamp housing and Figure 25b shows the shape and relative dimensions of the lamp embodiments of Figures 8-10. As can be seen from a comparison of these figures, the lamp embodiment of Figures 8-10 can easily conform to the dimensional requirements of the specification of the A-19 lamp. Despite meeting the dimensional requirements of the A-19 lamp specifications, the lamp embodiments of Figures 8-10 still provide a high level of lighting performance due to the advanced thermal management configuration of the current lamp embodiment as described above. of.

Figure 9 also indicates the dimensions of the various components of the lamp 100 in the axial direction, including: the overall length L of the lamp, the length _Llight of the illuminated portion of the lamp, the length of the recess L _cavity , the driver The length L _{circuit of the circuit} , and the length L _{connector of the connector} base. For the E26 connector cover (spiral head), the L _connector is typically approximately 25 mm. Table 2 lists the values of the examples for the L, L _light , L _cavity, and L _circuit of the equivalent A-19 lamps of 75W, 100W, and 150W. According to an embodiment of the invention, a solid state light system includes a light emitting portion and a base portion that houses a power supply (drive circuit) and forms a base heat sink that allows air to flow therethrough A pedestal heat sink conduit in the susceptor heat sink. As can be seen from Table 2, the base portion has a length for accommodating the drive circuit, which is between about 20% and 60% of the overall length of the lamp, and the illumination portion has a length that is Between about 18% and 33% of the overall length. The size of the drive circuit is dictated by the fact that the LEDs are AC or DC operable. In the case of an AC operable LED (ie, the LED is configured to operate directly from an AC power source), the driver circuit can be much smaller because such circuitry does not require the use of, for example, capacitors and/or The component of the inductor. In contrast, in the case where the LED is DC operable, the driver circuit (for a dimmable power supply) is currently typically about 65 mm.

Figures 26a-26h depict the assembly sequence for assembling one of the lamps of Figures 8-10. The assembly process assumes that the drive electronics for the lamp 100 have been installed into the recess 160 within the lamp 100, wherein the wiring for the LEDs 180 is transmitted from the recess 160 through the routing path 257 (as shown) Deferred in 9) Extending to the circuit board 165. Figure 26a shows the components of the lamp 100 prior to assembly. As shown in Figure 26b, the circuit board 200 is placed in the correct position at its top end opening of the body 110. Next, as shown in FIG. 26c, the mask 220 is disposed over the circuit board 200 with the apertures 221 in the mask 200 properly aligned with the LEDs 180 on the circuit board 200.

Figures 26d-26e show the sequence of taking the two individual components 270a and 270b of the wavelength converting member 270 and assembling the two components 270a and 270b into a continuous annular shape. As shown in Figures 26f-26g, the conduit 230 is inserted into the reflective sleeve 260, and the combination of the conduit 230 and the reflective sleeve 260 is inserted inside the annular wavelength conversion member 270. As shown in Figure 26h, the entire assembly of the circuit board 200, the mask 220, the annular wavelength conversion member 270, the conduit 230, and the reflective sleeve 260 are then attached to the screw holes 256 using two screws 255 to The body 110.

This sequence depicts the manufacturing efficiencies achievable with this embodiment. By using only two screws 255, the entire lamp 100 can be assembled very stably. This allows the lamp 100 to be manufactured very quickly, which provides savings in terms of labor costs. Moreover, this assembly process and the configuration of the components provides a robust assembly in a very simple manner, which allows for the possibility of fewer manufacturing errors. Moreover, this method results in reduced material costs because only two screws 255 are required for assembly, which eliminates the need for more expensive equipment or additional components to secure the assembly.

Figures 27a-27j depict other examples of alternative A-19 lamp designs. The total surface area of the total heat emission for each design is: 34.5吋² , 35.4吋² , 41吋² , 43吋² , 55.5吋² , 39.9吋² , 48.4吋² , 54.4吋² , 55.8吋^2, and 56吋² .

28a-e, 29 and 30 depict an alternative method of implementing a solid state light having an improved emission mode and heat dissipation performance. This embodiment provides a solid state light having a modified omnidirectional emission mode that can be configured using the same form factor as a conventional incandescent type A bulb.

As previously discussed, although solid state lighting systems have the advantage of energy efficiency over incandescent lighting systems, conventional solid state lighting devices, particularly LEDs, also produce strong directional emission modes that make them very difficult to manufacture. An omnidirectional illumination mode solid state lamp having an incandescent type A bulb. For an A-type bulb replacement, ENERGY STAR requires that at least 5% of the total amount of light must be emitted in a range that exceeds +/- 135 degrees (zero is defined as the center of the front emission angle), while at +/- Within 135 degrees, the change in light intensity may not exceed 20% of the average intensity over this range of angles. This problem is further complicated by the large amount of heat typically produced by solid state lamps, which results in the need to include very large heat dissipating members sufficient to dissipate the heat generated by the solid state lighting members in conventional solid state lamps. One of the important needs. This means that conventional solid-state lamps do not meet ENERGY STAR requirements for Type A lamps when they are to maintain the approved shape of Type A bulbs.

The present embodiment provides a lamp for solving these problems, which provides a lamp of substantially type A corresponding to or substantially identical to a conventional incandescent type A bulb. At the same time, a further improved illumination mode (real 360-degree emission) and heat dissipation performance are enabled. As depicted in Figure 28a, the lamp comprises two longitudinally separated illumination regions 270-1 and 270-2. The light-emitting areas 270-1 and 270-2 are areas separated by spaces on the lamp, wherein the upper light-emitting area 270-1 is tied to a top end portion of the lamp (i.e., the connector cover 170 is far away). End) and generally upwardly, and illuminating in a generally forward direction. The lower illuminating region 270-2 is positioned at a lower portion of the lamp (i.e., the proximal end of the connector cover 170) and is downwardly directed and illuminates in a generally rearward direction.

Such an arrangement having an upper illuminating region 270-1 and a lower illuminating region 270-2 allows the lamp to meet ENERGY STAR requirements for an omnidirectional beam pattern while maintaining conventional A-type bulbs. shape. This is because the combination of the light generated by the upper illuminating region 270-1 and the light generated by the underlying illuminating region 270-2 produces a light mode in which the total amount of light exceeds +/- 135 degrees. The range is 5% of the desired range, and the light intensity within the +/- 135 degrees does not vary by more than 20% of the average intensity of the range. Figure 32 is a polar plot showing the emission characteristics calculated for the lamps of Figures 28-30.

The plurality of light emitting regions can be configured to have any suitable configuration to achieve a desired emission characteristic. For example, the light distribution can be modified by changing the height and/or lengthwise position of the light-emitting regions. Moreover, the size and/or shape of the light emitting regions can be varied and configured to achieve a desired emission characteristic. Moreover, the power levels and/or colors of the individual components of the illuminating regions can be varied to achieve the desired emission characteristics. In some embodiments The light-emitting regions are shaped into substantially spherical regions. The illuminating regions may be substantially parallel to each other. Furthermore, the centers of the illuminating regions may be on a longitudinal axis.

As depicted, the lamp can also include a body configuration that provides efficient heat dissipation and management. In the embodiment of Figure 28a, the light system includes a base member 110, a center body member 232, and a top end conduit 230. The combination of these members forms one or more interconnected recesses having a plurality of openings to an exterior surface of the lamp. This produces an exhaust structure that provides a flow function such that the air flow can be developed to dissipate the heat generated by the lamp. Due to the air flow characteristics of this design, the thermal efficiency is significantly enhanced.

In operation, heat is generated by the LEDs 180, wherein the resulting heat is directed into the thermally conductive body 110, body member 232, and conduit 230, and then radiated into the surrounding air. The radiated heat is convected by ambient air and the heated air rises to establish a movement (flow) of air through the lamp. In a steady state, air is drawn into the lamp by relatively hot air rising in an interior recess formed by the thermally conductive body 110, body member 232, and/or conduit 230, wherein the air is drawn into the lamp. It can be attracted by any of these members. The air absorbs heat radiated by the walls of the recess (and any fins from the members) and rises through the interior recesses through the thermally conductive body 110, body member 232, and/or conduit The opening in 230 leaves. The orientation of the lamp will determine which openings will draw air into the interior recess and which openings are used to allow the air to exit the lamp. For example, as shown in FIG. 31, when the lamp is oriented such that the upper illuminating region 270-1 is vertically higher than the lower illuminating region 270-2, the air 300 will pass through the thermally conductive body 110. The opening 152 is drawn in and will exit through the opening 240 in the conduit 230. The air flow may be developed such that air is not drawn in, or away from the opening 153 in the body member 232. In Figure 31, the air flow 302 exiting the opening 153 is indicated by a dashed line. In an orientation in which the lower illuminating region 270-2 is vertically higher than the upper illuminating region 270-1, air will exit through the opening 152 in the thermally conductive body 110 and will be drawn into the Within the opening 240 in the conduit 230, air may be drawn into and/or out of the opening 153 in the body member 232. In addition, rising above the outer surface of the body 110 and body member 232 and through the warm air above the passage openings will further attract air through the lamp. The inner recess, the vertical openings 152 and 153, and the duct 230 are similar to a chimney in which the air is drawn in for combustion by the rise of hot gases in the duct by a "chimney effect" ( The way of the wind tunnel) works.

The ability of the body 110, the body member 232, and the conduit 230 to dissipate heat, that is, its heat dissipation performance, will depend on the bulk material, the geometry of the body, and the overall surface heat transfer coefficient. In general, the heat dissipation performance of a forced convection heat sink arrangement can be achieved by (i) increasing the thermal conductivity of the heat sink material, (ii) increasing the surface area of the heat sink, and (iii) by, for example, increasing heat dissipation. The air flow above the surface of the device is improved by increasing the heat transfer coefficient of the overall region. In the current embodiment, the surface area of the heat sink extends outwardly from the heat sink fins in a curved configuration and Various components and openings increase by adding hot fins.

29 is an exploded view of a lamp in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. The lamp includes a substantially conical thermally conductive body 110, wherein the body 110 is a solid body having an outer surface that is substantially similar to a conical frustum; in other words, the tip or apex of a cone is A truncated plane (substantially truncated cone) parallel to the plane of the susceptor. The body 110 is made of a type having high thermal conductivity (usually 150Wm ^-1 K ^-1 , preferably Made of 200Wm ^-1 K ^-1 ), for example, aluminum ( 250Wm ^-1 K ^-1 ), an alloy of aluminum, a magnesium alloy, a metal-loaded plastic material such as a polymer such as an epoxy resin. A plurality of latitudinally extending radially extending fins (pulses) 120 are circumferentially spaced around the outer curved surface of the body 110. Since the lighting device is intended to replace a conventional incandescent A-19 bulb, the size of the lamp is selected to ensure that the device will conform to a conventional lighting fixture. The body can further include a coaxial cylindrical recess 160 extending from the top end of the truncated body 110 into the body 110. A rectifier or other driver circuit 165 (see Figure 5) for operating the lamp can be received in the recess. The lamp further includes an E26 connector cover (spiral head) 170 that enables the lamp to be directly coupled to a primary power supply utilizing a standard electrical lighting spiral base. It will be appreciated that other connector covers can be utilized depending on the desired application, for example, dual-contact cards commonly used in various parts of the UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand and the Great Britain. Port cable connector (also known as B22d or BC), or an E27 lamp head (spiral head) as used in Europe. The connector cover 170 is mounted to the top end of the truncation of the body 110 and the main system is electrically isolated from the cover.

The lamp further includes two separate circuit boards including an upper circuit board 200-1 and a lower circuit board 200-2. A plurality of solid state illuminators 180-1 and 180-2 are mounted in an annular array on the upper circuit board 200-1 and the lower circuit board 200-2. In some embodiments, the upper circuit board 200-1 and the lower circuit board 200-2 comprise an annular MCPCB (metal based printed circuit board). The metal core substrate of the MCPCB is mounted in thermal communication with the body member 232.

Each solid state illuminator 180 can include a 1W gallium nitride based blue light emitting LED. The LEDs 180 are configured such that their primary emission axis is parallel to the axis of the lamp. A light reflecting mask 220-1 and 220-2 respectively cover the upper circuit board 200-1 and the lower circuit board 200-2, and includes holes 221-1 and 221-2 corresponding to each LED 180. .

A central recess 130 is defined within the central body member 232 that is in fluid communication with the body 110 and the conduit 230. The duct (catheter) 230 protrudes from the plane of the upper circuit board 200-1. In the present embodiment, the conduit 230 is a thermally conductive substantially frustoconical hollow member including a plurality of feedthrough passages 240 that includes an axial passageway having a circular opening 240 at its base. The body 110, the central body member 232, and the duct 230 may be made of a material having high thermal conductivity, for example, aluminum, an alloy of aluminum, a magnesium alloy, a metal-loaded plastic material, such as A polymer of epoxy resin. The conduit 230 is mounted with the top end of the truncation in thermal communication with the central body member 232. The size of the axial through passage is The diameter is configured to correspond to the recess 130 such that when the conduit 230 is installed, the conduit 230 provides an extension of the central recess 130.

The lamp can further include light reflecting conical sleeves 260-1 and 260-2. The upper light reflecting conical sleeve 260-1 is mounted over a curved conical surface external to the conduit 230. The underlying light reflecting conical sleeve 260-2 is mounted to the surface of the wall 122 on the body 110. The light reflecting conical sleeves 260-1 and 260-2 can be implemented using any suitable material. In some embodiments, the light reflecting conical sleeves comprise a reflective sheet material. In some embodiments, it is not a conical sleeve 260 that utilizes light reflection, but the outer surface of the tube 230 and/or wall 122 can be treated such that it is reflective, such as a powder coating. Or metallized.

The lamp further includes an upper transmissive wavelength converting member 270-1 and a lower transmissive wavelength converting member 270-2, the members comprising one or more photoluminescent materials. The photoluminescent material may be integrally formed into the wavelength converting members 270-1 and 270-2 or deposited on a surface of the wavelength converting member. In certain embodiments, the photoluminescent material comprises a phosphor. For the purposes of illustration only, the description so far is made with reference to a photoluminescent material that is explicitly embodied as a phosphor material. However, the invention is applicable to any type of photoluminescent material, for example, not a phosphor material, or a quantum dot.

The wavelength converting members 270-1 and 270-2 may include an annular substantially frustoconical housing shape. The wavelength converting members are manufactured by injection molding and are made of polycarbonate or acrylate.

In other embodiments, as indicated in FIG. 33, the wavelength converting members may include a truncated conical sleeves 270'-1 and 270'-2, such as shown in FIG. One of the other external light diffusing members 270-1 and 270-2. In such a configuration, the members 270-1 and 270-2 can comprise a light diffusing material. The light diffusing material can be employed for aesthetic reasons and improves the visual appearance of the lamp in an "off state". Appropriate selection of the material of the outer member may improve the appearance of the open state of the lamp, for example by arranging the outer member to comprise a light diffusing material, such as a light transmissive adhesive and, for example, titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ). A mixture of particles of a light diffusing material. The light diffusing material may also be other materials such as barium sulfate (BaSO ₄ ), magnesium oxide (MgO), cerium oxide (SiO ₂ ) or aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ). The light diffusing material is typically white in color. In this manner, in the open state, the phosphor material within the lamp will appear to be white in color rather than the color of the phosphor material, which is typically yellow-green, yellow or orange in color. In other embodiments, the sleeves 260-1 and/or 260-2 can be configured as wavelength conversion members internal to the outer members 270-1 and 270-2.

In some embodiments, the LEDs 180 comprise blue LEDs. In an alternate embodiment, the LEDs 180 can include red LEDs, and the phosphor components of the distal end emit light primarily in the yellow and/or green wavelength range. This embodiment can also be applied to use white LED (non-remote phosphor) illumination for LED 180. In this embodiment, members 270-1 and 270-2 include a diffuser instead of a wavelength converting member. In another embodiment, the distal phosphor members can be used by conventional white diffusing members. Instead, the blue LEDs can be replaced by white LEDs or a combination of white and red LEDs.

In another embodiment, the lamp can include more than two light emitting members that are either distal phosphors, white diffusing members, or any combination of the two. For example, the light bulb can include three light emitting regions, one at the top end, one at the center, and the other at the lower portion.

34a-34c are side elevational, first perspective, and second perspective views, respectively, showing an alternate embodiment of the present invention, wherein the central body member does not include an exhaust opening 153. This embodiment is more suitable for use in lighting applications that are equivalent to lower power that produces lower levels of heat from the lamp member. Thus, even without the hot gas flow opening 153 in the central body, sufficient thermal management can be achieved by allowing the gas flow to extend between the opening 152 in the body 110 and the opening 240 in the conduit 230.

35a-35c are side, first perspective, and second perspective views, respectively, showing another embodiment of an LED-based lamp. This embodiment does not include an airflow opening in the central body member 232 or the tip member 231. Rather, thermal management is provided using cooling structures (eg, fins) on the body 110. This embodiment is more suitable for lighting applications that do not generate excessive heat and low power.

The example embodiments shown herein are depicted as having the A19 form factor. However, the same concept can be applied to all Type A bulbs, for example, A21, A23, A25.

It will be appreciated that embodiments of the invention are not limited to the embodiments depicted and described herein. For example, the principles embodying the invention can be Other omnidirectional lamp types are used, including BT, P (Fancy Round), PS (Pear Shape), S and T lamps as defined in ANSI C79.1-2002.

10‧‧‧LED-based lamps (bulbs)

12‧‧‧Main body of heat conduction

14‧‧‧Heat fins

16‧‧‧Connector cover (spiral head)

18‧‧‧LED

20‧‧‧wavelength conversion member

22‧‧‧Light housing

100‧‧‧LED-based lamps

110‧‧‧The main body of heat conduction

120‧‧‧Heat fins

130‧‧‧ recess

140‧‧‧ openings

150‧‧‧channel (catheter)

152‧‧‧Vertical opening (groove)

153‧‧‧ openings

160‧‧‧ recess

165‧‧‧Rectifier (driver circuit)

170‧‧‧Connector cover (spiral head)

180, 180-1, 180-2‧‧‧ solid state illuminator (LED)

200‧‧‧Substrate

Board above 200-1‧‧‧

Board under 200-2‧‧‧

210‧‧‧Central Hole

220, 220-1, 220-2‧‧‧ light reflecting mask

221, 221-1, 221-2‧‧ ‧ holes

230‧‧‧pipe (catheter)

231‧‧‧Top member

232‧‧‧Center main body components

240‧‧‧ openings (through the passage)

250‧‧‧ Heat sink fins

255‧‧‧screw fasteners

256‧‧‧ screw holes

257‧‧‧Wiring path

260, 260-1, 260-2‧‧ ‧ casing

270‧‧‧wavelength conversion member

270‧‧‧Internal components

270a, 270b‧‧‧ parts

270-1‧‧‧Lighting area (the wavelength of the light above is turned Change component)

270-2‧‧‧Lighting area (the wavelength of light transmitted below Change component)

270'-1, 270'-2‧‧‧ casing

300‧‧‧Air flow

302‧‧‧Air flow

400‧‧‧Lighting products

L‧‧‧ overall length of the lamp

L _cavity ‧‧‧ Length of the recess

L _circuit ‧‧‧Drive circuit length

L _connector ‧‧‧Connector base length

L _light ‧‧‧ Length of the light-emitting part of the lamp

In order to more fully understand the present invention, an LED-based lamp (bulb) according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 3D and cross-sectional views of the known LED-based lamp; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an LED-based lamp in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is an LED-based view of FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the LED-based lamp of FIG. 2; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the LED-based lamp of FIG. 2; FIG. 6 is an LED of FIG. A cross-sectional view of the underlying lamp indicating the air flow of the lamp during operation in a first orientation; FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the LED-based lamp of FIG. 2 indicating that the lamp is in a Air flow during operation in the second orientation; Figures 8-10 depict another LED-based lamp; Figures 11-12 depict the body of another LED-based lamp of Figures 8-10; Figure 13- Figure 15 depicts an embodiment of a conduit; Figure 16 depicts a cover for light reflection of the conduit of Figures 13-15; Figure 1 7 is a mask depicting a reflection for the substrate of FIG. 18; Figure 18 depicts a substrate for an LED; Figures 19-20 depict an external wavelength converting or diffusing member; Figure 21 is a light intensity measured for the lamp of Figures 8 through 10 (luminous flux per unit solid angle) Polar coordinates of the angular distribution; Figure 22 depicts an internal cylindrical wavelength conversion member; Figures 23-24 depict another LED-based lamp; Figures 25a and 25b show the ANSI of the A-19 lamp for comparison Shape factor and dimensions and the LED-based lamps of Figures 8-10; Figures 26a-26h depict the assembly of the LED-based lamps of Figures 8-10; Figures 27a-27j are in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention Side view of an LED-based lamp; FIGS. 28a-28e respectively show a side view, a first perspective view, a second perspective view, a top view, and a bottom view of an LED-based lamp in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 28 is an exploded perspective view of the LED-based lamp of FIG. 28; FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the LED-based lamp of FIG. 28; and FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view of the LED-based lamp of FIG. Indicates the air flow of the lamp during operation in a first orientation; Figure 32 is for Figures 28-30 A polar plot of the angular distribution of light intensity (luminous flux per unit solid angle) calculated by the lamp; Figure 33 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of an LED-based lamp in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 34a- 34c shows a side view, a first perspective view, and a second perspective of an LED-based lamp, respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 35a-35c are side views, a first perspective view, and a second perspective view, respectively, of an LED-based lamp, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

100‧‧‧LED-based lamps

110‧‧‧The main body of heat conduction

120‧‧‧Heat fins

170‧‧‧Connector cover (spiral head)

230‧‧‧pipe (catheter)

232‧‧‧Center main body components

270-1‧‧‧Lighting area

270-2‧‧‧Lighting area

Claims (16)

A lamp comprising: a first light emitting region, wherein the first light emitting region comprises a first photoluminescent wavelength converting member and at least one first solid state light emitting device; and a second light emitting region, wherein the second The light emitting region includes a second photoluminescent wavelength converting member and at least one second solid state light emitting device; and wherein the first light emitting region and the second light emitting region are longitudinally spaced apart. The lamp of claim 1 wherein the first and second photoluminescent wavelength converting members are distal to the respective first and second solid state lighting devices. The lamp of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second illuminating regions are substantially parallel to each other. The lamp of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second illuminating regions are substantially shaped into a spherical region. A lamp of claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the first and second illumination regions comprises a diffuser. The lamp of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a lower body, a central body and an upper duct, wherein the lower body, the central body and the upper duct together define at least one for hot air flow The channel is used for thermal management of the lamp. A lamp of claim 6 wherein the upper conduit passes through the first wavelength converting member. A lamp of claim 6 wherein the lower body, the central body, and the upper conduit comprise openings for the hot gas flow. A lamp of claim 8 wherein the opening in the lower body passes through the second wavelength converting member. The lamp of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first solid state light emitting device is mounted on a first substrate, and the second solid state light emitting device is mounted on a second substrate. A lamp of claim 8 wherein the substrate is in thermal communication with a central body. The lamp of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second illuminating regions form a continuous casing surrounding the lamp. A lamp of claim 1 or 2, wherein the lamp is configured with a form factor of type A. A lamp comprising: a lower body; a central body; an upper duct; and wherein the central body and the upper duct together define at least one passage for the hot gas flow. A lamp of claim 14 wherein the lower body, the central body and the upper conduit respectively comprise openings for the hot gas flow. A lamp of claim 14 or 15, wherein at least one of the lower body, the central body, and the upper conduit comprises a heat fin.