TW201335596A - Measurement device for water saturation in soil - Google Patents

Abstract

A measurement device for water saturation in soil includes a base, a sensor module, an electric field module, and a control module. Inside of the base has a sensor space, and it has several holes pass through the wall of the base. The holes are connected with the sensor space. The sensor module is composed of two sensor electrode units installed in the base correspondingly, and the two sensor electrode units are protruded to the sensor space. The electric field module has two porous conducting units installed in the base correspondingly, and the two porous conducting units is covered the holes. The two porous conducting units are non-corresponded with the sensor electrodes. The control module electricity connected with the sensor modules and the electric field module, respectively.

Description

Soil water saturation detecting device

The invention relates to a soil water saturation detecting device, in particular to a soil water saturation detecting device which reduces ion interference by ion adsorption.

Nowadays, in the fields of agricultural science, hydrology and meteorology, soil water content is an important symbolic indicator, which serves as the basis for various analyses such as agricultural irrigation and stratigraphic slip.

In terms of crop growth, soil water content not only directly affects the water potential of crops, but also an important factor that indirectly changes the aeration, temperature and nutrient transport in the soil. The traditional method uses a time-domain reflectometry (TDR) as a better detection device for the soil moisture content in the field. The measurement principle of the time domain reflectometer is to generate a stepped pulse electromagnetic wave using a signal generator. It can be received by the receiver when the electromagnetic wave hits the object to generate the rebound signal. By analyzing the rebound message, the dielectric constant, propagation speed or characteristic impedance transmitted between the media can be obtained. Among them, the change of the dielectric constant is the key parameter for detecting the soil moisture content. Therefore, when the soil moisture content is detected, the probe of the time domain reflectometer can be deeply implanted into the soil to accurately detect the soil. The dielectric constant value, and through the principle as described above, analyzes and converts the soil moisture content, which serves as a reference for stratigraphic slip, soil and water conservation, land development, and agricultural irrigation.

However, although the traditional time domain detector can be used to evaluate the moisture content of the existing soil, as long as it encounters a soil with high conductivity such as high salt content and high viscosity, it will change due to the charged particles. The conductivity of the soil causes the measured dielectric constant to be significantly disturbed, so that the measurement accuracy of the conventional time domain reflectometer is greatly reduced. Therefore, when the rainwater contains a large amount of ions such as calcium, magnesium, potassium and the like, the conductivity in the soil changes. In this case, it is easy to detect the soil water content using a conventional time domain reflectometer. Serious measurement errors are generated, so that the detection timing of the conventional time domain reflectometer is obviously limited and cannot be widely used.

On the other hand, when the soil is mixed with substances such as fertilizers, cordyceps residues, etc., it is more likely that the sensitivity of the probe of the conventional time domain reflectometer is lowered due to the obstruction of the substances, thereby causing the detection signal to be weakened. In this case, not only is it impossible to obtain an accurate detection value in real time, but it is also necessary to extend the detection time for this purpose, so as to compensate for the error of detection, thereby reducing the efficiency of detection; even, due to the long-term attachment of fertilizer, cordyceps residue and the like on the surface of the probe, This may result in damage to the probe, so that the probe needs to be replaced at regular intervals to ensure the sensitivity of the detection, so there is an additional cost incurred.

In view of this, it is indeed necessary to develop a novel soil water saturation detecting device to reduce the interference of charged ions in the sensing process, and to solve various problems as described above.

The electrical coupling system described in the present disclosure generally refers to a general wired or wireless signal connection, and does not limit the form in which the signals are connected, wherein the signals are transmitted to each other.

The main object of the present invention is to improve the above disadvantages to provide a soil water saturation detecting device which can eliminate the interference of charged ions in the soil to reduce the detection error value and maintain the water saturation detection accuracy.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a soil water saturation detecting device which is capable of maintaining a better sensitivity when in contact with soil, thereby reducing the detection time and improving the detection efficiency of water saturation.

In order to achieve the foregoing object, the soil water saturation detecting device of the present invention comprises: a main body having a sensing space therein, the peripheral wall of the main body is formed with a plurality of through holes, the number of openings and sensing The sensing electrode group is composed of two sensing electrode sheets, and the two sensing electrode sheets are oppositely connected to the main body and protrude into the sensing space; an electric field electrode group, The second porous conductive sheet is oppositely disposed on the peripheral wall of the main body and covers the plurality of openings, and the two porous conductive sheets and the two sensing electrode sheets are arranged in a dislocation manner; A sensing control module is electrically coupled to the sensing electrode group and the electric field electrode group.

The sensing space is filled with a porous adsorbing material, and the sensing space and the plurality of openings are covered by a porous covering body.

Wherein, the main body is a hollow cylinder, and the hollow cylinder is provided with a partition, the partition separating the main body from an assembly section and a sensing section, and the peripheral wall of the sensing section is provided with the number Open the hole.

According to the above, the partition plate is provided with two independent perforations and an assembly portion, and the assembly portion is a protrusion which protrudes toward the inside of the assembly section for the screwing member to pass through. The two sensing electrode sheets are respectively locked to the assembly portion of the partition plate by the screwing member, and each of them passes through the through hole of the partition plate to be suspended in the sensing space of the main body. Moreover, the two porous conductive sheets are respectively attached to the outer peripheral wall of the main body, and an extension line between the two porous conductive sheets and an extension line between the two sensing electrode sheets are perpendicular to each other.

The sensing control module of the present invention comprises a capacitor/voltage converter, an analog/digital converter and a processor electrically coupled to the analog/digital converter. The analog digital converter is also electrically coupled to the processor, and a database for analyzing the moisture content of the soil is built in the processor, and the database includes various parameters or corresponding formulas.

In addition, the main system of any two soil water saturation detecting devices of the present invention may be connected in series with each other, and an assembly section of one body is urged to one side of the urging member, and the sensing section of the other body is Then, another measurement of the splicing member is forced, and the sensing sections of the two bodies are filled with a porous absorbing material.

The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the aspects of the appended claims. The present invention is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The soil water saturation detecting device of the present invention comprises a main body 1, a sensing electrode group 2, an electric field electrode group 3, and a sensing control module 4. The sensing electrode group 2 is disposed on the main body 1 and protrudes from the main body 1. The electric field electrode group 3 is disposed around the peripheral wall of the main body 1 and is disposed offset from the sensing electrode group 2. The sensing control module 4 is electrically coupled to the sensing electrode group 2 and the electric field electrode group 3 for receiving the signal of the sensing electrode group 2 and controlling the operation of the electric field electrode group 3 .

The main body 1 has a sensing space 11 therein, and the peripheral wall of the main body 1 is formed with a plurality of penetrating openings 12 communicating with the sensing space 11. The number of the openings 12 can be arranged at equal intervals as shown in FIG. 1 , so that the water in the soil can be uniformly infiltrated into the sensing space 11 through the plurality of openings 12 , which is preferably only one embodiment. There is no need to limit it. In this embodiment, the main body 1 may be connected by a two-barrel, and a partition 13 between the two cylinders, the partition 13 can be used to connect the sensing electrode group 2; Alternatively, the main body 1 may be a hollow cylinder as shown in the figure, and a partition 13 is disposed in the hollow cylinder to partition an assembly section 1A and a sensing section 1B from the partition 1 . The assembly section 1A is used for inserting a rod [not shown] to facilitate pushing the device into the soil; or the assembly section 1A can also be used for subsequent serial connection devices, and then matched The figure 6 is described in detail; the peripheral wall of the sensing section 1B is provided with the number of openings 12 for burying in the soil.

In addition, the spacer 13 can also be configured to directly open a ring hole, or as shown in this embodiment, two independent through holes 131 are provided, so that the sensing electrode group 2 can extend into the sensing space of the main body 1 through the through hole 131. 11; further, the partition 13 of the embodiment further forms an assembly portion 132 [shown in reference to FIG. 3], the assembly portion 132 is a protrusion that protrudes toward the inside of the assembly section 1A. The splicing member 133 is configured to be locked, and the sensing electrode group 2 can be locked and positioned.

It should be noted that the sensing space 11 of the main body 1 can also be used to fill the porous adsorbing material, and the porous adsorbing material can be sand or other substances that are easy to seep, thereby allowing only water to flow therein and simultaneously adsorbing charged ions; In this case, the sensing space 11 and the plurality of openings 12 of the main body 1 need to be covered by a porous covering body 14, thereby preventing the porous adsorbing material in the sensing space 11 from easily oozing out. Those with ordinary knowledge in the field can adjust the soil water saturation detection accuracy according to the soil characteristics of different regions according to the soil characteristics of different regions.

Referring to FIG. 1 again, the sensing electrode group 2 is composed of two sensing electrode sheets 21, and the two sensing electrode sheets 21 are oppositely connected to the main body 1 and protruded to the sensing. Within space 11. The sensing electrode assembly 2 can be selectively attached to the main body 1 by any means such as bonding, locking, welding, etc. The second sensing electrode sheets 21 of the embodiment are preferably locked by the screwing member 133. The assembly portions 132 of the partitions 13 respectively pass through the through holes 131 of the partition plate 13 to be suspended in the sensing space 11 of the main body 1. In particular, there is a proper spacing between the two sensing electrode sheets 21, and in particular, the distance between the two sensing electrode sheets 21 is preferably 1.9 cm to avoid the two sensing electrode sheets 21 contacting each other. Additional interference. The two sensing electrode sheets 21 are made of acid and alkali resistant plates to avoid acid/alkali corrosion of the two sensing electrode sheets 21, thereby prolonging the service life of the sensing electrode group 2.

The electric field electrode assembly 3 includes two porous conductive sheets 31. The two porous conductive sheets 31 are oppositely disposed on the peripheral wall of the main body 1 and cover the plurality of openings 12, and the two porous conductive sheets 31 and the same The two sensing electrode sheets 21 are arranged in a staggered manner. The electric field electrode assembly 3 can be selectively disposed on the peripheral wall of the main body 1 by any means such as bonding, locking, welding, etc. The two porous conductive sheets 31 of the embodiment are preferably attached to the outer peripheral wall of the main body 1 respectively. And the two sensing electrode sheets 21 are arranged in a dislocation manner, in particular, as shown in FIG. 2, the two porous conductive sheets 31 are disposed in the Y-axis direction shown in the drawing, and the two sensing electrode sheets 21 are opposite. It is preferably arranged in the X-axis direction shown in the drawing so that the symmetry plane of the two porous conductive sheets 31 can be perpendicular to the symmetry plane of the two sensing electrode sheets 21. In particular, the two porous conductive sheets 31 are not in contact with each other, and it is preferable that the width of the two porous conductive sheets 31 is maintained at one third of the circumference of the main body 1 to avoid the The hole conductive sheets 31 are in contact with each other to cause a short circuit phenomenon.

As shown above, the two porous conductive sheets 31 are respectively positive/negative electrodes, and are electrically connected to a power supply device (not shown), and the voltage signals output through the power supply device are used to make the two porous conductive sheets 31. An electric field can be formed between them to absorb the charged ions in the soil, and the operation is coordinated with the actions of Figures 3 and 4 to be described in detail. Wherein, the two porous conductive sheets 31 may be metal meshes with interlaced pores, so that the water of the soil can penetrate into the sensing space 11, and the porous adsorbent material filled in the sensing space 11 is avoided as the main principle. Those who are familiar with the art can easily understand and apply it under this concept. In addition, the two porous conductive sheets 31 may also be acid and alkali resistant conductive plates to avoid acid/alkali corrosion of the two porous conductive sheets 31, thereby prolonging the service life and effect of the electric field electrode group 2.

Please refer to the first and fifth figures. The sensing control module 4 is electrically coupled to the sensing electrode group 2 and the electric field electrode group 3 respectively. The sensing control module 4 of the present embodiment includes a capacitor/voltage converter 41, an analog/digital converter 42 and a processor 43. The components are electrically coupled to each other, and the processor 43 is coupled to the processor 43. It can be a computer, and a database for analyzing the soil water content is built in the processor 43. The database can contain various parameters or corresponding formulas, which can be easily understood by those skilled in the art, and will not be described again. . The sensing control module 4 is any device that can receive signals and provide a power supply, and the configuration principle of the sensing control module 4 is similar to a common signal processing device, and only one simple disclosure is disclosed herein. The implementation situation will be explained in detail after the cooperation and cooperation.

Referring to Figures 3 and 4, when the soil water saturation detecting device of the present invention is actually used to detect the water content of the soil, it can be selected as the sensing of the main body 1 as shown in Fig. 3. The space 11 is filled with fine sand and covered with the porous covering body 14, thereby closing the sensing space 11 and the number of openings 12 to ensure that water can penetrate therein and prevent fine sand from seeping out.

At this time, the configured soil water saturation detecting device can be buried in the soil S to be tested, so as to obtain the content of the soil to be tested through the capacitance value generated between the two sensing electrode sheets 21. The amount of water. More specifically, please refer to FIGS. 4 and 5, when there is only fine sand between the two sensing electrode sheets 21 and no water flows, the two sensing electrodes 21 can be measured through the two sensing electrodes 21 An initial capacitance value; as time passes, when the water in the soil to be tested gradually infiltrates into the sensing space 11 through the number of openings 12, the fine sand is gradually mixed with water as a conductive medium. The type is such that the capacitance between the two sensing electrodes 21 increases as the water content in the fine sand increases, and the relative capacitance is measured as the soil moisture content changes. The capacitance value measured at each stage may be received by the sensing control module 4 to convert the capacitance value into a corresponding voltage value through the capacitance/voltage converter 41, and then the analog/digital converter 42 The waveforms represented by the corresponding voltage values are converted into corresponding values for the values to be converted into the processor 43 for comparative analysis, thereby obtaining the corresponding soil moisture content.

Under the above concept, when the capacitance value measured between the two sensing electrodes 21 is greater than the preset range inside the processor 43, the power supply C can be timely transmitted through the power supply C [refer to FIG. 5, The power supply C can be electrically connected to the capacitor/voltage converter 41 and the electric field electrode group 3; or the power supply C can be any external device] outputting a voltage signal to the electric field electrode group 3, so that the two porous conductive An electric field is generated between the sheets 31 to thereby adsorb positively charged calcium, magnesium or potassium ions to the negative electrode [such as the charged ions P shown in Fig. 4]. In this way, the electrical interference of the charged ions can be blocked, and when the capacitance between the two sensing electrodes 21 is detected, the detection error value can be significantly reduced to effectively maintain the soil water saturation. Measure accuracy.

It is noted that the time during which the electric field electrode group 3 is turned on may vary depending on the detection environment. For example, the electric field electrode group 3 is selected to be turned on at all times, so that the two porous conductive sheets 31 continuously generate an electric field, and the charged ions in the soil are adsorbed at any time to reduce the error value of the detection; or, When the abnormality occurs, the electric field electrode group 3 is activated to complete the adsorption of the charged ions according to the generation of the electric field; otherwise, under normal circumstances, the electric power supply to the electric field electrode group 3 can be stopped to save unnecessary power consumption. The concepts described herein are readily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art and are subject to change without further elaboration.

As described above, the main feature of the soil water saturation detecting device of the present invention is that an electric field can be generated between the two porous conductive sheets 31 in time to transmit electric field by supplying electric power to the electric field electrode group 3. The positively charged calcium, magnesium or potassium ions are immediately adsorbed, so that the charged ions do not change the conductivity of the soil, and the measurement error value can be effectively reduced. Thus, as the water content of the soil changes, a relatively accurate capacitance value can be measured between the two sensing electrode sheets 21, so that the corresponding soil water content can be accurately obtained when the processor 43 is subsequently compared and analyzed. Value, and further calculate the water saturation of the soil to improve the accuracy of soil water saturation detection.

Please continue to refer to Fig. 6, and if necessary, the soil water saturation detecting device of the present invention can also be used in series. The detecting devices of the same specification are respectively connected by a forcing member 5, so that the main bodies 1 and 1' of the two detecting devices are connected in series, and the sensing spaces 11, 11' of the two bodies 1, 1' are connected in series. The porous adsorbing material is filled in the inside to make the porous adsorbing material serve as a conductive medium, and the water of the soil can be circulated in the porous adsorbing material. In this embodiment, the assembly section 1A of the main body 1 of one detecting device is urged to the side of the urging member 5, and the sensing section 1B' of the main body 1' of the other detecting device is forced to The splicing member 5 is further tested to complete the tandem type as shown. The connection between the above two detection devices can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art, and is changed according to the convenience of the implementation, so there is no more restriction.

In this way, the series of soil water saturation detecting devices can be distributed at different depths to simultaneously detect soil water content at different depths, thereby obtaining water content distribution data in the segmental soil, as a future Farming planting, irrigation or better basis for stratigraphic slip, soil and water conservation, land and water development.

In summary, the soil water saturation detecting device of the present invention can not only eliminate the interference of charged ions in the soil, but also reduce the detection error value, thereby achieving the effect of maintaining water saturation detection accuracy. In addition, the soil water saturation detecting device of the present invention can better maintain the sensitivity when in contact with the soil, and at the same time select segments to detect the soil water content at different depths, so as to shorten the time required for detection and achieve the improvement. The effectiveness of water saturation detection efficiency.

While the invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments described above, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The technical scope of the invention is protected, and therefore the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

[this invention]

1. . . main body

1A. . . Assembly section

1B. . . Sensing section

11. . . Sensing space

12. . . Opening

13. . . Partition

131. . . perforation

132. . . Assembly department

133. . . Screw fitting

14. . . Porous coating

2. . . Sensing electrode set

twenty one. . . Sensing electrode

3. . . Electric field electrode set

31. . . Porous conductive sheet

4. . . Sensing control module

41. . . Capacitor/voltage converter

42. . . Analog/digital converter

43. . . processor

5. . . Tightening piece

C. . . Power supply

P. . . Charged ion

S. . . soil

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the soil water saturation detecting device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the soil water saturation detecting device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the assembly of the soil water saturation detecting device of the present invention taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the use of the soil water saturation detecting device of the present invention along the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the sensing control module of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the tandem type of the present invention.

1. . . main body

1A. . . Assembly section

1B. . . Sensing section

11. . . Sensing space

12. . . Opening

13. . . Partition

131. . . perforation

14. . . Porous coating

2. . . Sensing electrode set

twenty one. . . Sensing electrode

3. . . Electric field electrode set

31. . . Porous conductive sheet

Claims (8)

A soil water saturation detecting device comprises: a main body having a sensing space therein, wherein a peripheral wall of the main body is formed with a plurality of penetrating openings, wherein the plurality of opening holes are connected to the sensing space; and a sensing electrode The set is composed of two sensing electrodes, the two sensing electrodes are oppositely connected to the body and protrude into the sensing space; an electric field electrode group comprising two porous conductive sheets, The two porous conductive sheets are oppositely disposed on the peripheral wall of the body and cover the plurality of openings, the two porous conductive sheets and the two sensing electrode sheets are arranged in a dislocation manner; and a sensing control module, respectively Electrically coupled to the sensing electrode group and the electric field electrode group. The soil water saturation detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the sensing space is filled with a porous adsorbing material, and the sensing space and the plurality of openings are further provided by a porous covering body. Cover it. The soil water saturation detecting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the two porous conductive sheets are respectively attached to the outer peripheral wall of the main body, and the symmetry plane of the two porous conductive sheets The symmetry planes of the two sensing electrodes are perpendicular to each other. The soil water saturation detecting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sensing control module comprises a capacitor/voltage converter, a analog/digital converter and a processor, the capacitor/ The voltage converter and the analog/digital converter are electrically coupled to each other, and the analog digital converter is also electrically coupled to the processor. The processor internally establishes a database for analyzing the water content of the soil. The database contains a variety of parameters or corresponding formulas. The soil water saturation detecting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the main body is a hollow cylinder, and the hollow cylinder is provided with a partition, and the partition partitions the main body The assembly section and a sensing section, the peripheral wall of the sensing section is provided with the number of openings. The soil water saturation detecting device according to claim 5, wherein the partition plate is provided with two independent perforations and an assembly portion, and the assembly portion is a convex block, and the convex portion is assembled toward the assembly. The inside of the segment is convexly formed for the screwing member to pass through. The soil water saturation detecting device according to claim 6, wherein the two sensing electrode sheets are respectively locked to the assembly portion of the partition by the screwing member, and each of the two through the partition plate The perforation is suspended in the sensing space of the body. The soil water saturation detecting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the main system of any two soil water saturation detecting devices is connected in series with each other, and the sensing space of the two bodies The inside is filled with a porous adsorbent.