TW201333B - Methods and chemo-thermal reactor apparatus for extracting mineral values from particulate materials - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and apparatus for chemo-thermal separation of mineral values from mineral containing particulate materials in a plasma reactor (100). The plasma reactor (100) includes a reaction chamber (100) in which the particles are contacted with a plasma arc (105) rotating at a rate of at least 16,000 RPM causing the mineral values in the particles to liquify and to be transported from the reaction chamber (110) through a cooling zone (112) in which agglomerated mineral value particles are formed for collection after passing through a countercurrent air flow zone (114) in which the mineral values are further separated.

Description

Printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Method and device. More specifically, the present invention is concerned with the extraction of basic, pure mineral precious metals and methods of recovering other valuable by-products from granular raw materials (including such waste materials, such as fly ash, slag, etc.). Description of related techniques So far, various methods and devices have been proposed to extract and recover mineral precious metals from waste materials such as fly ash and flint. For example, the following US patent cases: No. s3,175, 90 0; 3, 5 7 4, 5 3 7; 3, 7 8 3, 1 6 7; 3, 8 19, 3 6 3; 3, 8 4 3, 3 5 1; 3, 932, 17 1; 3, 9 4 5, 5 7 5; 4, 002,466: 4, 0 82, 8 3 2; 4, 048, 2 8 5; 4, 17 7 , 06 0; 4, 225, 5 6 5; 4, 2 5 2, 7 7 7; 4, 3 1 0, 3 5 0; 4, 337, 9 0 0; 4, 361, 44 1; 4, 394 , 9 7 8; 4. 4 1 0, 358; 4, 4 36, 5 5 0; 4, 4 5 4, 0 1 3; 4, 4 7 4, 73 5; 4, 5 0 8, 2 4 0 ; 4, 6 1 0, 7 2 2; 4, 6 17, 1 8 0; 4, 6 5 2, 4 3 3; 4, 6 6 8, 35 2; 4, 789, 532; Re. 28, 750 And U.S. Patent Cases 1, 273, 523 and 1, 317, 888 show that: used to extract and recover various mineral precious metals from various raw material sources, this paper scale uses the Chinese S home standard (CNS) A4 specifications ( 210x297 public; ¢)-3-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Binding · Order · Thread · Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 201333 A6 _B6 V. Invention description (2) Technology和 装置。 And devices. However, these earlier methods and devices often showed various problems inherent in preventing their economic implementation. Some methods rely too much on energy, and others need to use uneconomical properties or types of reactants or other processing components. Other methods are excessively time-consuming and require a commercially unacceptable number of processing stages. There are still other earlier methods in this industry that fail to provide environmentally qualified and economically viable treatment of starting waste with unused components accompanying the starting waste, or as a result of the application of various methods Environmental waste disposal issues. For example, some earlier methods required excessively expensive and complicated gas treatment and other cleanliness systems to reduce atmospheric and other environmental pollution events. Too Invented Xi's Strategy 'The present invention has been developed in response to the various shortcomings of the earlier techniques described above and earlier. The present invention provides an economically advantageous method with exceptional environmental and commercial qualities for the treatment of granular materials containing minerals and the extraction of substantially pure mineral precious gold from the devices used in these methods. In addition to recovering valuable mineral content from granular raw materials, the method of the present invention also provides extraction and recovery of valuable by-products from raw materials; they have commercially beneficial effects, for example, as building materials, refining materials, Adhesives, etc. Therefore, the method of the present invention provides for the use of: all the raw material granules that produce a substantial environmental benefit. Based on the special raw material to be processed and its composition, as well as the degree of purification required by processing raw materials, and the judgment of the operator, the paper standard is used in China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210x297 mm) -4 _ (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Install & Order-Line-Printed by L01333 A6 __B_6 by the Employees ’Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of Invention (3) Other similar Kaulu The method of the present invention may include single-stage or staged processing, and more importantly, the method of the present invention may include a two-stage recovery protocol for processing raw materials (which incorporates physical and chemical separation techniques) or In order to achieve the required extraction and recovery of mineral content from the raw materials and from the treatment of residues to produce other valuable by-products, the method may include only one or other of these two stages. In this regard, the raw materials available for use in this article may be from fly ash, flue dust, industrial slag, Hua factory or metallurgical processing residues, such as · from ferrochromium or electroplating process, mining residues such as: concentrate For flotation methods, it is derived from sea sand and other wastes with the required composition. In the method of the present invention, one of the processing stages includes: a pneumatic-gravity separation technique to separate the mineral content, for example: metal from the raw material and metal vapor concentrate. Additional treatment stages include chemical-heat treatment of the raw materials or, in a preferred embodiment, plasma separation technology is used to extract the effluent stream derived from the pneumatic-gravity separation stage. Substantially pure mineral precious metals and other by-product effluents can be used separately or combined with other residual effluents derived from the pneumatic gravity stage to produce building material end products, such as Products, adhesive materials, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the method of the present invention includes the introduction of mineral-containing granular material having a radial particle size of less than 0.1 mm in large purity into the following. The stage in the pneumatic gravity separation device to be described; this device has a flotation cell and has at least one inlet steam valve and many outlet steam valves formed therein. Setting tools such as: fans, blowers, or similar devices. This paper uses the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210x297 mm) -5-(please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 01333 A 6 B6 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Invention Instructions (4) to introduce air into the chamber and cause air flotation to flow from at least one inlet steam valve to at least one outlet steam valve The measured air flow rate makes the particulate material come into contact with the air flotation air flow. The air flow rate must be sufficient to cause the particulate material introduced into the chamber to pass through at least one inlet valve located at a predetermined longitudinal distance from the location of the air introduced into the chamber and at a predetermined fixed angle relative to the axial air flow path , Through the chamber and separated into a mineral precious metal fraction (it precipitates from the air flotation gas stream). This mineral precious metal fraction responds to the gravity sedimentation of the fraction from the gas stream, and precipitates out of the gas stream (based on the weight of the mineral precious metal in the fraction), leaving a residual granular fraction without precipitation In the flotation flow. In order to produce valuable building materials, including: favorable cement-like components or cemented components, the unprecipitated residual granular fraction from the flotation gas stream is collected for further processing. Also, in a preferred form of the invention, the collected precipitated fraction contains such materials as alumina (alumina), titanium oxide, chromium and iron salts, as well as these minerals in elemental form and various other Compounds, and elemental components derived from various granular raw materials that can be processed by the method of the present invention. A great improvement in the purity of the recovered mineral precious metals, obtained from this pneumatic gravity separation stage, but the better one is to cause the recovered precious metals to undergo further processing, or through further strength A gravity separation or through some other extraction technology, in order to improve the purity of the precious minerals recovered. In terms of structure, the cross-section of the flotation cell of the pneumatic-gravity separator (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page). Binding. Thread. This paper scale uses the Chinese standard (CNS) A 4 Specifications (210x297 mm) -6-Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economics, 1,012,333 A6 _B6 V. Description of the invention (5) May be rectangular, square, round or any other appropriate shape, and constructed in combination , So that the air of the air flowing stream is introduced at one of the inlet inlet valves on one end of the chamber, and flows through the chamber to an outlet valve located at the other end of the chamber. A separate inlet steam valve is provided to introduce the particles into the chamber and is placed at a distance from the outlet end of the chamber, sufficient to provide the most suitable separation of mineral precious metals in the treated granules, as described below , Will be discussed in more detail. In addition, it is preferable to: before introducing the chamber, the particles are dampened with H2S〇4 solution in order to: react the active particles with acid, therefore, the density of the particles increases and the heavier The particles are within the chamber (when blowing them into it), with little possibility of clogging or agglomeration. In addition, granular materials should be introduced into the chamber with respect to the axial direction of laminar air flowing through the chamber from one end to the other, ranging from a two-degree angle of 12 ° to 75 °; and The air velocity in the chamber is maintained in a range from about 2m / sec (for lighter weight particles) up to about 25m / sec (for heavier particles, for example: vaporized aluminum with a density of about 13 g / cm3) . It has been found that a flow velocity below about 2 m / s e c cannot cause particle separation. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, tools are provided to tilt the chamber in order to adjust the angle between the horizontal direction of the chamber and the longitudinal axis of the chamber. This angle adjustment control: the time and distance that the particles will fall before being contacted by the air stream should be set within a range from about one 60 ° to about 0 ° (horizontal), so that these particles and Before contact with the air stream, use the Chinese B Family Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210x297 public splashes) by increasing the time and distance from the paper size -7-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ^ 01333 Economy A6 _B6 printed by the Employees ’Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Education 5. Description of the invention < 6) to accommodate lighter-weight particles, and set them from approximately + 60 ° to approximately 0 ° (horizontal) where these particles and air Before flowing ®, heavier weight particles are accommodated by reducing time and distance. After the pneumatic-gravity separation stage, within the method of the present invention, the most preferred ones are: the precipitated mineral precious metal fractions containing and collected from them, and introducing these combined granular dumplings into use In the chemical-heat treatment stage of the plasma reactor device detailed in the article; wherein, the combined fractions are separated by a plasma so as to further separate the precious minerals and impurities in the worm. This further processing stage results in the extraction of substantially pure mineral precious metals from the processed fraction. During the plasma separation stage of the method of the present invention, the mineral precious gold goblet fraction in granular form is introduced into a reaction chamber of the plasma reactor. The average radial size of the mineral precious metal particles to be treated should be less than about ◦.lmm. The plasma gas flow is also introduced into the reaction chamber, and the gas is ionized to generate a plasma arc in the reaction zone formed in the reactor (between the cathode and the multi-node anode), where the temperature Rose to about 10,000 ° K. The reactor was constructed and the order was determined in a way, so that: the plasma arc was caused to rotate rapidly around the segmented anode, and the granular fraction passed through this action, thus causing these particles, In the required spiral flow, through the plasma skull. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anode used in the reactor includes: from 6 to 10 segments and most preferably 8 segments, as It is necessary to obtain a plasma that should be greater than about 15,000 revolutions per minute (RPM) (please read the note I on the back side and then fill out this page). Packing · This paper uses the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210x297 Gonglong) -8-^ 01333 A6 _B_6_ printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (7) The rotation of the body is optimal, within the range of approximately 15,000-30, 000 RP Μ. More specifically, the plasma reactor of the present invention is constructed so that a rotating plasma arc discharges between two fixed electrode structures. When a voltage of sufficient magnitude is applied across the electrode pair (ie: cathode and anode), a plasma arc discharge occurs. In an exemplary embodiment, the anode is a segmented ring, and each anode segment is electrically isolated from the others. Each anode segment is electrically connected to a region of constant potential, or grounded by a pair of solenoid coils arranged on either side of the anode segment at an angle of 90 °. The axis of each such solenoid coil is parallel to a line drawn from the center of the reaction chamber to the anode segment connected to it. The plasma stern discharges from the cathode to a special anode segment and then to the ground, thus energizing a corresponding pair of solenoid coils. Therefore, the generated magnetic field tends to rotate the plasma arc to the adjacent anode segment. Then repeat this process, which results in a rapidly rotating plasma arc. Also, according to the invention, a coaxial solenoid coil encloses the periphery of the reaction zone and is coaxial with the path from the cathode to the anode. The coaxial coil produces a second magnetic field to further increase the rotational speed of the plasma arc by changing the radial velocity of the plasma skull arc to a circular velocity. Appropriate plasma gas for plasma arc generation, based on the composition of the granular raw material being processed, but includes various gasified gases such as atmospheric air or 〇2, various reducing gases such as Η2 and various inert gas skeletons For example: Ar or other expensive gas. Therefore, when the particles pass through the arc, they are heated to exceed their melting paper size and use the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210X297 male dragon) -Q-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) Installation · Order · -Line · ^ 01333 Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Standards Bureau, Trade, Industry and Consumer Cooperative A6 _ V. Description of invention (8) The temperature of the temperature, therefore, the particles liquefy. The reactor of the present invention is further constructed and ordered to provide a cooling zone so that when the liquid exits the plasma reaction zone, it passes through various decreasing temperature gradients, during this period of time, it is substantially pure The precious minerals in the form of elements or compounds are cooled and agglomerated into a rather dense granular form. In addition, the heated residue in the original particles is crystallized to form powder particles with low relative density in the cooling zone, or as a result of plasma treatment and subsequent cooling, the gas is evaporated in this zone in. In addition, the reactor configuration includes a counter-current zone; materials such as liquids, dust, and gases pass into it (when they exit from the cooling zone). In this flow zone, these materials are flowed through the countercurrent flow of air in a way and using the devices detailed below, so that the required liquid mineral precious metals flow through the countercurrent air and are essentially pure The particles are formed and collected. At the same time, the remaining powdery and gaseous components are removed from the mineral precious gold required by the countercurrent flow of air and collected separately. Therefore, as a result of the chemical-thermal separation of the particulate matter using the plasma reactor of the present invention, a substantially pure mineral precious metal having a purity level exceeding 95% is extracted from the raw materials processed therein. In addition, based on its composition, the residual powdery and gaseous components separated from the collected mineral precious metals can be further processed to produce other desirable substantially pure fractions. Alternatively, the collected residues can be used as valuable by-products of processing in some instances. Therefore, a general purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved method for extracting substantially, pure mineral fractions from raw materials containing minerals, for example (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Printed with China National Standard (CNS) Grade 4 (210x297 gongjie) -10-^ 01333 A6 ____B_6 printed by the Employees ’Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of invention (9): Vaporized aluminum (alumina), and vaporized Titanium should be extracted from various waste materials, such as fly ash, flue dust, industrial slag, yoke factory or metallurgical processing residues, mining residues, sea sand, etc. Another object of the present invention is to provide an economically feasible and environmentally advantageous method for extracting substantially pure mineral fractions in a commercially successful manner. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method: to remove from raw materials, to extract basically, pure mineral fractions, to extract commercially advantageous by-products, preferably from various waste materials such as: fly ash, flue dust, industrial slag, he Factory or metallurgical processing residues, mining residues. Extracted from sea sand, etc. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering alumina and gas in one way from waste materials derived from factories, power plants, waste treatment facilities, environmental pollution reduction sources such as seabed cleaning programs, etc. Huaqin, Fe, Cr, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn, Cu, Zr and other elements of mineral precious metals and other valuable by-products, therefore: to eliminate the environmental concerns relative to the starting environment of these raw materials, and As a result of applying the method of the present invention, basically, no additional environmental pollution problems exist. A more specific purpose is to provide a single-stage (single-stage) method for extracting mineral precious metals from granular raw materials containing minerals, that is, by introducing each raw material and processing it in a pneumatic-gravity separation device . An accompanying objective is to provide a pneumatic-gravity separation device for carrying out this extraction operation. The other special purpose is to provide a single-stage method for self-contained mineral paper on the paper scale to use Chinese B Family Standards (CNS) A 4 specifications (210x297 g *)-H-(please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) Installation · Threading · 01333 A 6 B6 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (10) Extraction of precious minerals from granular raw materials, that is, by introducing various raw materials using plasma separation technology In a chemical-thermal reactor and process it in it. A concomitant purpose is to provide a chemical-thermal reactor to carry out this extraction operation. There is still another special purpose is to provide a multi-stage method for extracting mineral precious metals from granular raw materials containing minerals, that is, by making various raw materials undergo a pneumatic-gravity separation in the first stage, and then use The second stage of separation in the chemical-thermal reactor of plasma separation technology. In addition to those specifically mentioned above, other objects of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description. The simple diagram of the diagram is a schematic flow diagram, for example: from the drying of fly ash raw material source, extraction of mineral precious metals, the method of the present invention is adopted; Fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram similar to that of FIG. 1, for example Description: The method of the present invention used to treat the source of electroplating residual raw materials; FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart illustrating an example: the method of the present invention for processing metallurgical slag waste from F e — C r processing operations; 圔 4 is a schematic Flow chart, for example: the method of the present invention for processing sea sand; FIG. 5 is a schematic inverted view of a preferred device for implementing the pneumatic-gravity separation step in the method of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a preferred plasma skull Schematic side view of the reactor device used to implement the chemical-thermal separation step in the method of the present invention; (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Installation · Line · This paper scale uses the Chinese National Standard (CNS ) A4 specifications (210x297cm ¢)-12 ~ ^ 01333 A 6 B6 Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of the invention (U) Figure 7 is the plasma projected downward from the cathode to Figure 6 The reactor apparatus Ya schematic top view of an anode assembly of many segments; and FIG. 8 is a detailed schematic configuration of the anode and the cathode 7 of the sub-section, the cross-section having a discontinuity of its components. Detailed descriptions Figures 1 to 4 are schematic flow charts showing that various specific embodiments of the method of the present invention include: the composition of the raw material source and its physical condition, its inherent mineral content, and other similar considerations for process selection. The specific embodiment of the invention described in 圔 1 is the use of freshly produced dry fly ash derived from the coal of the self-combustion discovery plant. In this regard, special mention should be made: the fresh fly ash used here is sufficiently soft to be used as a powder without grinding into a granular form. However, if two kinds of ash are used, it is obtained from a reserve pile or mountain and has been collected for an extended period of up to several years, then it may be necessary to grind the raw ash to an appropriate particle size in order to provide sufficient results in this book Invention method. The composition of the dry fly ash used in this method may be slightly modified based on the fuel burned. However, the main elements in fly ash are Si and Ai2 and the lesser ones include: Ca, Fe, Ti and Mg. Can also include: trace amounts of Pb, Hg, Ag, Mn and Cr. The fly ash used in this method usually contains the following compounds in various amounts (based on weight): (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -Installation- Order- Line- The standard size of this paper China National Standards (CNS) A 4 specifications (210x297 public) -13--01333 V. Description of invention (12) A6 B6 S i 0 2 5 0 — 5 6% A 1 2 0 3 2 1-2 8% C a 0 2 — 4% F e 2 0 3 7 — 1 2% T • 1 0 2 1-1 • Μ g 0 2 — 3% In an operation example of the present invention, the freshly produced 10 kg of alfalfa coal is collected The dry fly ash powder sample comes from a part of the daily output of a power plant. This l〇kg sample has the following composition (based on WT ^) (please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) Order_ Printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative, Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs

Si 0 2 5 1.5% A 1 2 0 3 2 6. 6% C a 0 2. 6% F e 2 0 3 1 1. 3% T i 0 2 1. 2% Mg 0 2. 1% others 4.7% This fly ash sample was introduced into the flotation cell of the pneumatic-gravity separation device of the type illustrated in Figure 5. When fly ash is being introduced into the chamber, it is treated with 1 liter of 5% H 2 S ◦ 4 solution, and the ash reacts with acid to form sulfate particles with higher density to promote Incoming line. This paper scale uses the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210x297 mm) -14-A 6 B6 V. Description of the invention (13) During one-step treatment, the active particles settle out. In the pneumatic-gravity separation device, the particles come into contact through the layered air flotation gas flow through the chamber from an inlet valve on one end of the chamber to an outlet valve on the other end. The air velocity is about 2m / sec and when the particles are blown through the chamber, as a result of gravity settling, the heavier particles include: AJ? 2〇3 and T i 〇2 are precipitated from the flotation airflow, and The lighter reset particles are basically still suspended in the flotation flow. The weight of the granular mineral precious metal precipitated from the flotation airflow is 3.08kg, and has the following composition (based on WT%): (please read the precautions on the back and then this page). A 1 2 0 3 6 8. 1 8% A 1 2 (so 4) 3 9. 7 0% S ♦ 1 0 2 1 1. 3 7 Ύο T ♦ 1 0 2 3. 8 9% F e 2 0 3 3. 2 〇% F e 2 (S 0 3) 3 1. 6 0% C a 0 1. 6 8% M s 0) 0. 3 8% M g so 4 ) Set-line-collect this precipitated granular fraction and transport it for further processing in the chemical-thermal separation stage and extract the precious gold of higher purity mineral from the product obtained from the pneumatic-gravity separation stage . Regarding the residual particles remaining in the flotation airflow, separate these particles into this paper and use the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210x297); "·"-15-, 01333 V. Description of the invention (14) The set weight is 6.9 2kg. The composition of this residue is as follows (eg based on WT%): A 1 2 O 3 2. 8 0% A 1 2 (s 0 4) 3 • 8 7% S ♦ 1 0 2 6 9. 3 0% F e '2 0 3 1 3. 2 0% F e 2 (s 0 3) 3 1. 1 5% C a 0 3. 0 0% M g 0) 2. 8 9% M gs 0 4) 6. 7 9% Others have now been found: These residual particles are valuable by-products of this method and are suitable for further processing for use in the production of cement-like building compositions, or binders and filler materials of good quality. Printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative of Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) In the chemical-thermal separation stage, the precipitated granular fraction from the pneumatic-gravity separation stage is introduced In the plasma reactor of the type illustrated in FIG. 6, in which air is used as the gas for generating plasma, a plasma having a temperature of about 10,000 K ° is generated and the plasma arc is caused to about 30, The rate of 000RPM rotates around the anode of the 8 segments, which results in the separation of mineral precious metal fractions with a weight of 2.5 3 kg (based on a sample of 3.08 kg of granular material introduced into the reaction chamber). This separated fraction has the following composition (China Paper National Standards (CNS) A4 specification (210x297 public) on this paper scale) -16-^ 01333 A 6 B6 Printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative, Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Description of the invention (15) on the basis of W τ%): A \ 2〇3 9 5.0% Ί i Ο 22.7% impurity 2.3% Therefore, 97.7% pure Al2〇3 and Ding 丨 〇2 Obtained from this two-stage process; that is, by alkylating A 1 2 0 3 and T i 0 2 in the plasma, and collecting the unseparated, agglomerated ones that settled to the bottom of the reaction chamber of the reactor device in FIG. 6 particle. The remaining 3.08 kg of the sample from the original 3.08 kg sample introduced into the reactor was removed from the reactor, as described with respect to the apparatus described in FIG. 6. For example, the predominant parts of Mg, ^, and silicate in the 3.08 kg sample are melted in the plasma and crystallized to form powder particles, which are blown out of the reactor. Also, the sulfate evaporated in the plasma skull forms a gas, which is also blown out of the reactor. If necessary, all .55kg of residual distillate (including powder particles and gas) can be supplied for collection and further processing. Figure 2 illustrates: another specific embodiment of the present invention, in which the metallurgical slag derived from the F e-C r product produced from the Hua plant is used as the granular raw material. In this regard, it should be specifically mentioned that slag derived from mining operations is also used as the mineral-containing particles for use in the method of the present invention. In this practical example of the present invention, metallurgy from the blast furnace of the factory (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) *) -17-01333 A 6 B6 V. Description of the invention (16) The slag samples are collected from the slag storage pile or mountain. The slag sample is screened to remove the oversized particles, and then the resulting particles are subjected to magnetic separation technology. Therefore, the magnetic particles with an average radial particle size greater than 25Omm are separated from the remaining raw granular materials. This separated fraction with a radial size of 25 Omm or greater contains 75% (by weight) Fe and 25% (by weight) Cr. The 10 kg sample of the remaining smaller particle size raw materials has the following composition (based on WT%): S * 1 0 2 2 5% A 1 2 0 3 3% C a 0 4 5% F e 2 0 3 7% Μ s 0 8% chromium) chromium oxide) 1 2% chromate) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and then subjected to a crushing or grinding operation of this 10 kg sample, in which the particle size is reduced The average radial particle size is as small as about 0.1 mm to about 2 min. These ground particles are introduced into the flotation cell of the type of pneumatic-gravity separation device illustrated in FIG. In a pneumatic-gravity separation device, these particles are contacted from an inlet steam valve at one end to an outlet steam valve at the other end of the layered air flowing through the chamber. Η Standard (CNS) Grade A 4 (210x297 male) -18-A6 B6

, OiW 5. Description of the invention (17) Airflow. The air velocity is about 1 Om / sec and when the particles are blown through the chamber, based on the weight of the particles, the particles precipitate out and become the first and second fractions. As a result of gravity settling, the first fraction contains heavier particles and the second fraction contains lighter particles. The precipitated first precious mineral precious metal fraction weighs 5.7 5kg, and is collected and subjected to the well-known magnetic separation technology in order to: separate from the second weight of 2.48kg. Rich in Fe and Ci * (weight 3.27kg?). Collect parts rich in Fe and Cr. 2. The second part of 4 8kg has the following composition (based on WT% (please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) Packing-A 1 2 0 3 6. 0 5% C a 0 6 6. 5 2 '% S «1 0 2 2 6. 21% C Γ 2 0 3« 4 1% F e 2 0 3 In addition; the second distillate obtained from the pneumatic-gravity separation stage weighs 4.3 kg and has the following composition (based on WT%): This paper scale uses the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210x297 male dragon) ) 19 -19-^ 01333 A 6 B6 V. Description of the invention (18) A 1 2 0 3 3. 4 9% C a 0 3 2. 6 0% S i 0 2 3 9. 5 6% C Γ 2 0 3 5. 8 0% F e 2 0 3 4. 6 5% Μ g 〇1 3. 9 0% Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs will 2.481 «the second part and 4.3 kg second The distillate phases are combined to produce a 6.7 kg combined sample, which is sent to the chemical-thermal separation stage for further processing to extract higher purity mineral precious metals from the product obtained from the pneumatic-gravity separation stage . Will be full of coal particles To the 6.7 8kg sample of the joint, in order to obtain a mixture having a weight of about 0.72kg, and then the resulting granular mixture weighing 7.5 Okg was introduced into the example illustrated in FIG. 6 In a plasma reactor of the type in which air is used as the plasma-generating gas, a plasma with a temperature of about 10,000 ° K is generated and at a rate of about 30,000 RPM, the plasma is arced around 3 nodes The anode of the segment rotates, this operation results in the separation of a precious metal fraction weighing 28 kg and having the following composition (calculated as WT%): chromium mixture 8 5% iron mixture 14% impurity 1% (please read the back Please fill in this page for more details.)--Available _ This paper is printed on China B Standard (CNS) Grade A (210X297) ~ 20-L01333 A 6 B 6 Printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of the invention (19) Therefore, through two-stage operation, 99% pure mineral precious metals are extracted from the granular raw materials, including high-% elemental Cr and Fe (卽: about .27kg). Collected in the thermal reaction stage The remaining residual distillate, as described with regard to the removal of the residue from the reactor of FIG. 6, weighs 6.5 kg and is used to produce valuable by-products such as: 1-tran water-based products. In the embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 3, the residue obtained from the electroplating process of the self-produced product quality pin is used as a raw material containing mineral precious metals for use in the application of this method. Since the electroplating process, waste residues or deposits are collected, which include salts including chromate, sulfate and chloride, compounds such as iron and ferrous iron, and silicates. In particular, the deposit includes a high percentage (in terms of replacement, greater than 50 炻) of chromium salts. 'Initially, in order to dry the material, the residue was treated with hot air. Then, the dried material is ground into particles having an average radial size not exceeding 2 mm. This granular material was transferred and introduced as a 10 kg sample into the pneumatic-gravity separator of the type illustrated in Fig. 5, and operated as described with reference to it. The air velocity of the laminar air flowing in the flotation chamber is 5m / sec; 4. 5kg granular steps are precipitated from the flotation gas stream, while the remaining 5.5kg fractions are still suspended in the flotation gas stream. Then collect the precipitated granular fractions from the pneumatic-gravity separation stage including: superior chromium salts, chromate and iron and ferrous iron compounds, and send them to the chemical-thermal separation stage for further processing for self-treatment Force One (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page). Binding-Thread. The size of this paper is easy to use Chinese Η family standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210x297 mm) -21-^ 01333 A 6 B6 Economy Printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry 5. Description of the invention (20) Extract high-purity mineral precious metals from the products obtained in the gravity separation stage. Regarding the residual particles remaining in the flotation gas stream, these particles are collected separately and have been found to be valuable by-products of this method, suitable for use as binding materials or as filler materials for mining. In the chemical-thermal separation stage, the precipitated granular fraction from the pneumatic-gravity separation stage is introduced into the plasma reactor of the type illustrated in FIG. 6, wherein methane is used as the reduced plasma gas , Generating a plasma with a temperature of about 10,000 ° K and causing the plasma arc to rotate around the anode of the 8-segment at a rate of about 30,000 RPM. This operation results in the separation of Cr and C of substantially pure elements r F of salt and element. In order to extract substantially pure Cr material from substantially pure Fe, this mixture of Cr and Fe material undergoes an electromagnetic separation step. The specific embodiment of the present invention described in FIG. 4 utilizes sand dug from the bottom of a piece of water, such as the ocean, sea, or lake, as a source of precious metal as a raw mineral. It is advisable to collect the sand used in this article (it will be referred to as '' 海沙 〃) from a location close to one of the mining operations, or from an industrial plant that discards waste into the H water. In the illustrated example, a 10 kg sample of granular sea sand was used as the source of the precious mineral precious metal. The sea sand sample has a mineral precious metal content, which exists in the form of a composition (based on ET%) containing the following minerals: (please read the notes on the back side before filling out this page) Pack. Thread · This paper Standard-side medium Chinese standard (CNS) Grade 4 specifications (210x297 mm) -22-0133 ^ V. Description of the invention (21) A 6 B6 Ilmenite 2 8. 0% wrong stone 2 0.7% rutile 7 . 3% monazite 1.5% garnet 3 4.2% amphibole 3.8% epidote 3.1% tourmaline 1.4% (please read the notes on the back before writing this page) Economy Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry. In order to separate the high magnetic fraction of the ferrous material from the nonmagnetic and less magnetic components of the sample, the 10kg sea sand sample was introduced into the One of the weak magnetic fields of about 5 Kilosaus has a magnetic separator. The highly magnetic fraction thus separated weighs 2.8 kg and contains 9 7% ilmenite and 3% of these mineral-containing components such as garnet, amphibole, epidote and tourmaline. Then, the magnetic fraction is introduced into the plasma reactor of the type illustrated in FIG. 6 in granular form, and the granular material is subjected to a chemical-heat treatment technique, as described in relation to the operation of the reactor Therefore, 98.6% pure Fe and 99.4% pure Ti〇2 were extracted from the treated ilmenite-rich distillate. The remaining nonmagnetic and less magnetic fractions weighing 7.2 kg are transported out of the magnetic separator and subjected to a static separation process with a high positive potential of 50KV. This electrostatic separation causes the processed fraction to separate into two parts. The first part constituting the conductive material weighs 2. 9 kg and the second part constituting the mediator and non-conductive material weighs 4.3 kg. Binding-Threading · The paper is used in the middle of the B-standard (CNS) A4 specification (210x297 g *) -23-Printed by iw0133d A6 ______B_6 by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (22) The first conductive part includes these mineral-containing materials such as: stone stone, amphibole, epidote, tourmaline and rutile, and further processing, in order to combine the $ semimagnetic material and non-magnetic fraction Phase separation; that is, by subjecting 2.9 kg of sample to magnetic separation in a strong magnetic field up to 16 Kilogaus. The separated semi-magnetic material (representing the residue from the method) weighs 1.6 kge. The remaining separated material weighing 1.3 kg is collected and cleaned by subsequent electrostatic separation treatment, therefore, any remaining dielectric is removed The material becomes residue and a conductive material weighing 7kg is collected, and constitutes a 96% rutile concentrate, together with 4¾ impurities (predominantly including: garnet and malachite, amphibole, epidote and tourmaline) as shown in Figure 6 For example, this type of plasma reactor is further processed. The reactor is operated according to the details provided with respect to it. As a result of this electro-thermal treatment in the plasma reactor, the extracted composition obtained contained 99.8% pure T i 〇2. In addition, collect the second part of the 4. 3kg dielectric and non-conducting material mentioned above and make it in the strong magnetic field of high 16 Kiloeaus, which is separated by magnetic force, resulting in the separation of the two additional distillates. Copies. One kind of this fraction includes magnetic minerals in this part, weighing 0.5 kg. This magnetic material fraction contains: 98% monazite together with 4% impurities (for example: staggered stone, garnet, amphibole, peridot and tourmaline). In order to obtain 99.3% pure steel gasification, this 98% monazite fraction was collected and treated in a plasma reactor. The non-magnetic fractions of the two fractions mentioned above are transported with a weight of 4. 1 5kg for further electrostatic separation, so the stone concentrate is obtained. This paper scale uses 8 Chinese Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 Gonglong) -24-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page):. 01333 A 6 B6 Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Invention Instructions (23) Become a mediator of electrostatic separation Electrical output with conductive residue separated from it. The calculus concentrate weighs 2.1kg and it contains 97% Zr S i 〇4 and 3% impurities (mainly including: rutile and a small amount of other materials such as: garnet, amphibole, peridot and tourmaline. This stone is also wrong The concentrate, by introducing particles into the plasma reactor of the type described and illustrated in FIG. 6, is treated in the chemical-heat treatment stage in order to obtain 99.5% pure ethyl 丨 〇3 and 99 . 8% pure Si〇2. Separate the conductive material weighing 2. 〇5kg to represent the residue from the operation. This residue is combined with the residue from the earlier stages for processing. In Figure 5, schematically An example: a pneumatic-gravity separation device 50, which is suitable for use in extracting precious minerals from granular raw materials containing minerals introduced into it. The device 50 has two longitudinal extensions, the lateral section 50, and its side section It is rectangular. The outer kill 52 includes a floatation chamber 54 in it, and has an inlet steam valve 56, attached with a sloping tube 58 that can be slicked, such as a vibrating lotus feeder, etc., hanging from it Into the chamber 54 for the required entry angle , Introduce granular materials into the chamber 54. Provide additional inlet steam valve 6 ◦ In the outer valley 52 to allow air to be introduced into the chamber 54 by operating the fan or blower 62 that is fixedly placed near the first terminal 64 of the housing 52 The housing 52 also includes at least one outlet steam valve, which is represented by steam valves 6 6 and 6 8 as illustrated; they are positioned so that they can be recovered from the processing of the granular raw material input into the chamber 54 Precipitated mineral precious metal fractions. Set an output steam valve 70 on the second terminal 72 of the housing 52. This paper scale is easy to use China National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210x297 public splash) -25-(please first Read the precautions on the back and then fill out this page) Installation · Line · ^ 01333 A 6 B6 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Invention Instructions (24) Far from the first terminal 64 so that the particles from processing can be recovered The granular material containing residual minerals in the form of raw materials has no precipitated fractions. In a preferred embodiment, the inlet steam valve 56 is placed longitudinally from the outlet steam valve 7 2 of the chamber 54 and the section is determined by the following formula Distance: C Η V m, L =-F d 2 7 〇, where L is the inlet valve, the longitudinal distance from the end of the chamber (the particle passes through the outlet of the chamber), the particles are introduced into the chamber through the inlet valve; C It is a constant value, which is calculated based on the Reynolds number, and the laminar flow of the air in the chamber has been determined to be 18; V is the velocity of the gas (eg, air) flowing through the chamber; Is the dynamic viscosity of the gas skull; F is the cross-sectional area of the chamber; d is the average diameter of the particles introduced into the chamber through the inlet steam valve; 7. is the specific gravity of the particles and Η is the height of the chamber. During operation, The air is blown into the chamber 54 by the fan 62, and creates a stream of flotation air along a fixed horizontal axis 74, which extends from the outlet nozzle 76 of the fan 6 2 to the distal terminal 72 of the outer Yi 5 2 . The particles are introduced into the chamber 54 through the steam valve 56 and the inclined tube 58 is adjusted to provide the required angle of entry (angle α) for the particles to enter the chamber 54. To accommodate raw materials of different weights, the angle can be changed within a range of approximately 12 ° and approximately 75 ° relative to the axis 74. The inclined tube 58 should be constructed so as to vibrate or oscillate in one way, so: from it (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Binding-Binding · Thread. This paper standard is used in the sleepy a standard (CNS ) A4 specifications (210X297 gong) -26 ~ ^ 01333 Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Beigong Consumer Cooperative A6 __B6 V. Description of the invention (25) The particles exiting and entering the chamber 54 are sufficiently oscillated to avoid particle attachment Gather. The brackets 7 6 and 7 8 are provided to support the housing 52 in a stable condition to catch the floor 80. Standard control mechanisms 82 and 84 for adjusting the height of the brackets 76 and 78 are placed on the brackets 76 and 78, respectively. If necessary, these mechanisms 82 and 84 can be operated like a stand in order to raise or lower Wai Yi 52 in order to tilt the flotation cell 54 in the housing 52 and adjust the fixed horizontal axis 74 to the longitudinal axis of the cell. Angle (/ 3 angle). In this way, the distance by which particles entering the chamber 54 must be lowered before coming into contact with the flow of air can be adjusted as necessary to accommodate various weight raw material particles. In fact, it has now been found that for best results, the adjustment of this angle should range from approximately -60 ° to 0 ° (horizontal) (in terms of lighter weight mineral precious metal particles) and from approximately + 60 ° To 0 ° (horizontal) (in terms of precious gold particles of heavier minerals). In Fig. 6, a plasma reactor 100 is shown schematically, which is suitable for processing granular raw materials, such as: those containing unprecipitated minerals recovered from the pneumatic-gravity separation stage of the device illustrated in FIG. 5 Quanfen, or any other such granular mineral raw material. The reactor 100 includes a plasma neck 102 with a plasma grab or gas torch 104 mounted vertically therein. Construct the plasma grab 104 and make it suitable for introducing a suitable plasma gas, the purpose of which is to establish a downwardly directed central plasma arc or gas flow 105 extending from the shadow 106 to the position in the reaction chamber 110 (Downstream of the neck section 102) The multi-segment ring-shaped sunshade assembly 108 This paper is used in a national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 gong) -27-(Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page for details), 01333 Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Instructions (26). The plasma neck 102 has a channel 116 formed therein, which extends upward and communicates with a distribution device or a metering device (not shown in the figure) so as to introduce a raw material containing granular minerals into the anti-plaque chamber 110. Placed downstream of the reaction chamber 1 1 0 is a cylindrical cooling chamber 1 1 2, which is vertically downward and leads to the conical section 114, in which the air flowing countercurrently is introduced through the inlet steam valve 138, Its purpose is to blow out some of the residual cooled material that descends from the chamber 110 through the outlet steam valve 140, as will be described in detail below. During operation, once the particles are introduced into the chamber 110, they are met through the plasma arc 105, and the particles are heated to a high temperature in an environment; in this environment, the plasma arc 105 is more suitable than before. The method and the device may be connected at a high rate and are rotating or rotating, as shown by arrow A in FIGS. 7 and 8. 7 is a schematic illustration of a specific embodiment of the plasma reactor of the present invention; pseudo-along the path of the plasma arc 105 in the reaction chamber 110, looking down from the cathode 106 toward the anode 108. The area between the cathode and the anode will be referred to herein as the reaction zone 118. When a sufficient voltage from an external source (not shown) is applied between the anode 108 and the cathode 106, the reaction zone 118 generally contains a gas suitable for plasma shaping. The path of the plasma arc 105 from the cathode 106 to the anode 108 will be referred to herein as the axis of the reaction zone. As exemplified by this, the plasma arc 105 is led from the cathode 106 to the ring-shaped anode 108 having segments that are electrically insulated from each other by eight segments, and the plasma arc is continuously guided to it to produce rotation ( Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) This paper is used in the standard of H B Family Standard (CNS) A4 (210x297 g)-28-, 01333 A6 B6 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Fifth, the invention (27) of the plasma arc. Anodes with sub-segments of up to 6 segments have been previously described in U.S. Patent No. 4, 361,441, which is incorporated herein by reference. In the device described in this patent, the segments of the activated anode are interlocked according to the frequency at which the divided segments are activated, causing the arc to move in a circular manner at a rate of up to about 6,000 RPM. An electrical exchange tool is used to implement continuous activation of the anode segments. To assist in rotating the plasma arc, the '441 device of the patent also uses a rotating magnetic field. Due to the charged nature of the plasma, this magnetic field causes the arc to travel perpendicular to the force of the applied magnetic field and the speed of the arc. An array of solenoid coils arranged around the perimeter of the plasma arc path is continuously energized via an external source to generate a rotating magnetic field. As mentioned above, the present invention also uses a segmented anode 108. However, unlike the '441 device, the present invention does not use electrical exchange circuitry to cause the plasma arc to jump from one anode segment to another segment. Rather, as described in detail below, a magnetic field is used to rotate the plasma arc 105 from one anode segment to another segment, as described via arrow A. This means that the speed of rotation of the plasma arc does not depend on any frequency (at this frequency, the components of the electrical exchange can be activated). Therefore, it is possible to achieve a much higher rotation rate of approximately 30,000 RPM when using these earlier devices. 7 and 8, the ring-shaped segmented anode 108 has a plurality of solenoid coils 120 arranged around its perimeter. Each support coil 120 is wound around a low reluctance ring core 122 with its axis oriented perpendicular to the axis of the reaction zone 118. In a preferred specific embodiment, each time you read the notes on the back of Φ, then fill out the paper size. Use Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210x297 mm) -29-Printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative, Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs System L01333 A 6 ______B_6 V. Description of the invention (28) An anode segment has two equal-value coils 120 and is positioned 90 ° on either side of the anode segment. Therefore, the total number of coils 120 is equal to twice the number of anode segments. Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 show: anodes of 8 segments, and these segments are separated by an insulating material 124. However, for simplicity, only four coils 120 are shown in Fig. 7, indicated by 120a, 120a, 120b and 120b '. The anode segment 108a is electrically connected to the coils 120a and 120a ', and the anode segment 108b is electrically connected to the coils 120b and 120b. The coils 120a and 120b are wound in opposite directions around the same portion 126 of the core 122. The coils 120a, 120b are wound similarly around the opposite core portion 1 2 2. Each coil 120 is also connected to electrical ground, indicated by 13 °. Therefore, each anode segment is grounded in two ways and held at a constant potential. The insertion position is one of the solenoid coils 120 on the perimeter of the reaction zone 118 and is oriented so that its longitudinal The axis is parallel to one (straight) line drawn from the center of the ring-shaped anode 108 to the anode segment connected to it. When the plasma arc discharge 105 occurs between the cathode 106 and a special anode segment, current flows between the anode segment and the ground, therefore, it energizes the two solenoid coils associated with the segment (for example : Coils 1 20b and 1 20a). The purpose of coil 1 2 ◦ is to generate a magnetic field oriented radially and directed (or away from) the anode segment conducting plasma discharge. As shown in FIG. 7, the pair of coils 120a and 120b arranged on opposite sides of the perimeter of the arc path, when energized, generates a radially oriented magnetic field vector Bi. Therefore, the magnetic field Bi can use the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210x297 mm) _ 30 _ (please read the precautions on the back Φ before filling out this page) to install-line. A 6 _ B6_ printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (29) at right angles, causing the plasma arc 105 to point through a circle. It is proportional to the axial velocity of the arc along the path from the cathode to the anode. Therefore, the operation of the plasma reactor 10 of the present invention is as follows: All anode segments are connected to the ground through a separate path (Or other constant potential), each of which includes a solenoid coil 120. When the chief energizes the cathode, the plasma discharge occurs between one of the cathode 106 and the anode segment 108 when it reaches the breakdown potential of the gas inside the reaction chamber and forms a conductive plasma pathway. If there is no other force, the resulting plasma discharge will remain fixed, or random, jumping from the anode segment to the anode segment. However, the magnetic field B / circumferential forced arc causes it to jump to the adjacent anode segment. The anode segment sequentially energizes another pair of solenoid coils. This phenomenon additionally rotates the plasma arc to another adjacent cation segment. In this way, the plasma arc is entangled and rotated at a rate independent of the frequency of any electrical exchange. In order to grant even more angular velocity to the plasma arc, the present invention uses an additional solenoid 132 which is surrounded by the perimeter around the reaction zone 1 18 and coaxial with the axis of the reaction zone 1 18. Therefore, the coaxial solenoid 132, when energized by an external power source, causes an additional magnetic field B2 that is guided axially along the plasma arc path, as described in FIG. Therefore, field B2 causes any charged particles moving at a radial or circumferential velocity component to be guided by a component perpendicular to that velocity. The plasma arc is given a radial velocity component through each segment of the ring anode that is arranged close to the perimeter of the arc path, it is easy to cause etc. (please read the notes and matters on the back before filling this page) Line. This paper is used in the middle of the H home standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210x297 mm) -31-, 01333 Λ6 B6 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention description (30) Plasma arc Bend radially outward. Therefore, the magnetic field B2 transforms the linearly-directed linear momentum of the charged particles into angular momentum, and rotates in an arc. In addition, the resulting peripheral velocity component of the rotating plasma arc (caused by magnetic fields 82 and 82) acts on it via field B2), which tends to draw the arc radially inward. This method provides the centripetal force necessary to maintain rapid rotation. Previous methods of granting angular momentum to the plasma arc, such as those shown in the previously cited Patent 441, uniquely rely on the rotation of an external magnetic field that is rotated by means of electrical exchange, and the continuous activation of the anode segment is also Through the tool of electrical exchange, the plasma is caused to rotate. This means that the angular velocity of the plasma skull may not be greater than the frequency of electrical exchange. On the contrary, the present invention does not have this limitation and therefore, can grant a much greater rotational speed to the plasma arc. ~ Therefore, when applying the method of the present invention, atmospheric air or 0 2 is used as the plasma gas and the precipitated granular fraction derived from the pneumatic-gravity separation of the fly ash produces substantially pure Ba and 2 〇3 and T i 〇2. The temperature generated in the reaction chamber 1 1 0 of the plasma reactor 100 is about 10,000 ° K, and at a speed of about 16,000 RPM, the anode ring 10 8 of the arc ring is rotated by 8 values. Or turn. The particles are introduced into the top of the vertically aligned reactor chamber 1 1 0 through each channel 1 16 at a rate, so that: they are descended with a spiral, passing through the plasma arc. When the particles descend through the arc in the reaction chamber 110, the mineral precious metals (such as Αβ2〇3 and T i 〇2) that they need to melt (please read the precautions on the back and then fill out this page) This paper is printed on the standard of the Chinese Martyrs Standard (CNS) Grade 4 (210x297 male dragon) -32-, 01333 Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Λ 6 ___ Β6_ V. Description of Invention C31), and introduced at the same time The remaining components of the particles • For example: Mg or crystallization or evaporation. Therefore, when the processed materials are exported from the reaction chamber 110 through the anode 108, they enter the cylindrical cooling chamber 112, and when the molten mineral precious metals agglomerate into relatively dense particles, they descend through them With the temperature gradient, the crystallized residue forms powder particles, and the evaporated component forms gas. Therefore, when the resulting cooled components reach the lower section of the cooling chamber 112, they receive a product guide or collector plate 134, which is placed centrally within the chamber 112, the purpose of which is to: Agglomerated mineral precious gold hurricane particles, such as: and T i 〇2, are separated from other falling materials. In addition, the plate 134 acts as a proper downward direction to guide or guide the separated mineral precious metals The particles pass through the tapered section 114 so that it can collect on the bottom end 136 of the tapered section 114. 'In section 1 14, the countercurrent flow or vortex of air is directed upward from the inlet valve 138 to the outlet valve 140 in order to cause the powder particles and the gas accompanying the agglomerated minerals to self-agglomerate Separated and blown out of the reactor 100 through the outlet pipe or tube 141 associated with the outlet steam valve 140. In construction, the air inlet pipe 142 is coupled with the inlet steam valve 138, and the shaft 1 of the pipe 1 4 2 4 4 is aligned at an angle X relative to a horizontal axis 146 through the midpoint or center of the steam valve 138. Therefore, the angle X basically defines the entrance angle of air into the conical section 114 of the reactor 100. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the angle X should be approximately 15 °. However, as far as any special treatment is concerned. The angle X's paper size is easy to use. The family standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210X297 mm) -33-A 6 B6 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Instructions (32) Appropriate Tong is based on various factors including: the rate or velocity of the air introduced through the steam valve 138, the specific gravity or density of the material to be treated, and the angle of the cone (angle Υ as illustrated). In this regard, it should be mentioned that the X angle can be increased up to 90 ° (ie: air can be introduced from the bottom of the cone) (in terms of very high density materials. The better angle of the cone (angle Υ) It is about 30 °. However, as a result of the experiment, it has now been found that in terms of processing raw materials with high concentrations of Fe and Cr, such as those derived from self-binding factories, the range of angle X should be from about 0 ° to about 37 ° and the angle Y should range from about 10 ° to about 30 °. For raw materials with a high concentration of Cu, Ni or Co, such as those derived from mining or binding factories, the range of angle X It should be from about 5 ° to about 30 ° and the angle Y should be from about 15 ° to about 40 °. In terms of handling raw materials with a high concentration of faults, "for example, derived from sea sand, the angle of X There should be about 0 ° to about 15 ° and the angle Y should range from about 30 ° to about 40 °. For raw materials with high concentrations of Ai? 2〇3 and T i 〇2, the range of angle X should be From about 0 ° to about 30 °, and the angle Y should range from about 20 ° to about 40 °. In order to adapt to these different angles of calibration in order to process various raw materials Source, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the conical section 114 of the reactor is provided as an interchangeable part, so that if necessary, pieces of different shapes can be installed in the body of the reactor 100 The other important feature when constructing the conical section 1 14 of the reactor 100 is the positioning of the steam valve 1 3 8 and the accompanying positioning of the air inlet 1 4 2 (please read the notes on the back before filling in This page) is installed. Bookmarked and threaded. This paper is used in the B standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210X297 male dragon)-34 Printed by the Employees ’Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 01333_ V. Description of Invention C33) In this regard, it has now been found that in the preferred embodiment, the midpoint of the steam valve 138 should be higher than the height hi of the bottom end 136 of the tapered section 114 of the total height hs of the section 114 above about 1/4. The height hs of any specific embodiment of segment 1 14 can be calculated as a function of cone angle Y using the following formula: hs = 1/2 ds (tangent Y) where ds is on the horizontal top edge 148 of segment 1 14 , The diameter of the cone 1 14. In this regard, the diameter ds of the cone 1 14 can be selected from the following Calculate: ds = 1.2 dr 'where dr is the diameter of the cylindrical cooling chamber 112. Another important feature when constructing the reactor 1◦0 is to supply a wall section 15◦ with an appropriate angle, location It is horizontal to the bottom edge 1 52 of the cylindrical cooling chamber 1 1 2 and horizontal to the top edge 148 of the tapered section 1 14. The wall 150 is circumferentially interconnected and closes the chamber 1 1 2 and the tapered section 1 14. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the wall 150 is placed at an angle Z relative to the horizontal top edge 148 of the tapered section 114, so that: at an angle X, through the inlet steam valve 138 The air introduced into section 1 14 will be guided through the wall 150 in the required upward direction in order to contact the self-cooling chamber A 6 B6 (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Printed with 8 Chinese Standards (CNS) Grade A (210X297 mm) -35-'^ 01333 A 6 B6 Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Invention Instructions (34) 1 1 2 Exported Declining Materials And cause very low density materials such as powder particles and gas to be placed through the center Tube or tunnel 154 disposed so as to contact the rise and fall of the particles of lower density material to the outlet guide Valve 14 ◦, where at their outlet and the outlet tube 141 and be collected by the method of the present invention the residue. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the angle Z may range from about 35 ° to 60 °, and most preferably it should be about 45 °. However, if necessary, the angle Z can be changed in order to obtain the most suitable aerodynamic condition within the conical section 114, used to guide and guide the air introduced at the steam valve 138, in the form of direct air flow, or The vortex, spiral or rotating flowing air flow forms to the outlet steam valve 140. If necessary, a ventilating device (not shown in the figure) can be connected to the outlet pipe 141 to assist in the collection of residual material. 'The velocity of the air introduced into the conical section 114 is another important factor to be considered regarding the operation of the reactor 10 of the present invention. For example, it has now been found that, in general, the air velocity introduced into section 1 14 through steam valve 138 should be in the range of about 1 to 20 m / sec. The rate of air is adjusted based on the density of the extracted mineral precious metals. For the heaviest or densest particles such as Fe-Cr, a higher rate is usually used, and for less dense materials, a lower rate is used. rate. For example, when the fly ash raw material particles are processed in the reactor, it has now been found that an air velocity of about 1.7 m / sec should be introduced into the tapered section 114 through the steam valve 138. In addition, it has been found that: For some applications of the reactor 100, (please read the precautions on the back and then fill out this page) Binding · Order-This paper is used in the middle of the family standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210x297 male dragon) -36-01333 A 6 B6 V. Description of the invention (35) It may be necessary to provide an electromagnet 156 to enclose the lower section of the cylindrical cooling chamber 1 1 2 in an annular shape. To wait, in order to implement some separation treatment on plasma-treated materials derived from autonomous gold slag or inlaid plants, the operation of electromagnet 156 may be of value in the separation of mineral precious metals and residues. However, regarding the treatment of fly ash particles, this electromagnetic operation is generally not required. Although the present invention has been described in its preferred form with a certain degree of characteristics, it should be understood that the content of the present invention has been made by way of examples only. As long as it does not deviate from the gist and scope of the present invention (as defined by Cai's subsequent patent application), many changes to the details and operating procedures of the method and the materials used therein are clearly visible. (Please read the precautions on the back first and then fill out this page) Install &Order; Line · Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the paper standard "B Family Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210x297 Gongcheng ) -37-

Claims (1)

, 01333 A 7 B7 C7 D7 VI. Zhonghuo Patent Fan Ji 1. A method for chemically and thermally separating mineral precious gold from granular materials containing minerals, including: introducing granular materials and a plasma gas into plasma In the reaction chamber of the bulk reactor, and when sufficient mold pressure is applied across the electrode structure, the plasma arc discharge that ionizes the gas and generates a rotation in the reaction zone, between the two 11 fixed electrode structures in the reactor , One of these electrode structures is a cathode, and the other electrode structure is a multi-segment ring anode, each anode segment is isolated from the rest of the segment, the arc is at a rate of at least 15, OOORPM, Rotate around the sun of the subsection, so that the granular material passes through the rotating plasma arc in the reaction zone to heat the mineral precious metals in the particles to a temperature that exceeds the melting temperature of the mineral precious metals, causing the mineral precious metals to liquefy; And convey the liquefied mineral precious metals from the reaction zone through the cooling zone in the reactor, where the liquefied mineral precious metals agglomerate into fairly dense particles Form, in order to collect it in a substantially pure form. Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (Jing first read the precautions on the back of the pliers and then fill out this page) 2. If the method of claim 1 is applied, the agglomerated particles are self-cooling area The lotus is sent through a counter-current flow zone, in which the agglomerated particles flow through the counter-current flow of air, so that: the agglomerated particles pass through the flow of air, and the residue associated with the attached particles It is separated in order to be collected separately from the attached particles. 3. The method as claimed in item 2 of the patent scope, wherein the counter-current flow zone includes: a conical section with an inlet for introducing air into the conical section, and an outlet for the air This tapered section removes the residue. -This paper scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) * F4 specification (210x297 public issue) -38--01333 6. See the special issue of Shen U in 3] 4. For example, the method in claim 1 of the patent scope, in which the granular material has a radial particle size of less than about 0.1 in m. 5. The method as claimed in item 1 of the patent scope, in which the raw materials are generally selected from the surroundings consisting of fly ash, flue dust, flint, coal, plant waste, mining waste, sea sand and mixtures thereof. 6. The method as claimed in item 5 of the patent scope, in which the waste from the factory is the metallurgical slag generated during the manufacturing process of F e — C r. 7. The method as claimed in item 5 of the patent scope, in which fly ash is produced by blast furnace slag. 8. The method as claimed in item 1 of the patent scope, wherein the collected substantially pure mineral precious metal 傜 is A i 2〇: r, T i 〇2, Fe, Cr, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn, It is selected from the group consisting of Cu, Zr and its mixture. 9. The method as claimed in item 2 of the patent scope, in which the collected residues are subjected to further processing to produce infiltrated building materials. 10. A plasma reactor used to separate mineral precious metals from granular materials containing minerals, including: a first fixed electrode; a ring-shaped second fixed electrode, which is divided into many sections electrically insulated from each other A reaction zone is placed between the first and second electrodes; when a sufficient voltage is applied across the two electrodes, the plasma arc passes through it laterally, and the longitudinal axis of the reaction zone is from the first electrode to the ring-shaped second A vertical heald in the center of the electrode; and a solenoid coil connected to each second electrode segment and constant-This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) ^ F4 specification (210x297 public) -39-{ ^ First flash ^ Back & Note and then fill out the book of hundred- .. Order. Printed by the Central Bureau of Economic Affairs, Beigong Consumer Cooperatives 3 3 3 1 ο Λ 3 c D 六 、 申 婧 岑 刊 茺 31 Potential Between one of the areas, the heald is placed at one of the perimeters surrounding the second electrode, 90 ° away from the electrode segment connected to the coil and oriented so that the longitudinal axis of the coil is From the center to one of the electromechanical segments connected to the heald Parallel lines. 1 1. The plasma reactor according to item 10 of the patent application scope, wherein each second electrode segment is connected to one of the regions of constant potential through a channel containing two helical pipelines; the The helical line coil is arranged around the perimeter of the second electrode and is located at 90 ° on either side of the second electrode segment connected to the coil, and is oriented so that the longitudinal axis of the coil and the second electroclamp A heald drawn parallel to the center of the second electrode segment connected to the heald circle. 1_ 2. Plasma reactor as claimed in item 1 of the patent scope, wherein the spiral heald heald loop around the perimeter of the second electrode in the plasma reactor surrounds a low magnetic resistance annular core Be wound. Printed by Peking Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Samples of the Ministry of Economy {; ί first ¾¾Notes on the back and then Xi page. Hitting ... 1 13. If applying for the plasma reactor of item i of the scope of patent application, including, A coaxial solenoid comprehensive ring, which surrounds the perimeter of the reaction zone, the coaxial solenoid coil has a longitudinal axis that is consistent with the axis of the reaction zone, such that the coaxial solenoid When energized, an axially oriented magnetic field is generated. 14. The plasma reactor as claimed in item 10 of the patent scope, wherein a cooling zone is provided in the plasma reactor placed vertically below the reaction zone, so as to accept the materials heated in the reaction zone and the Collected Shu I, allowing these materials to cool in it. 15. For example, the plasma skull reactor of item 14 of the scope of patent application,-This paper scale is applicable to the § National Standard (CNS) tfM specification (210 father 297 public release 40-, 01333 A 7 B7 C7 D7 Central Standard of the Ministry of Economy Bureau Pongong Consumer Cooperatives, India VI, Shenqi Special Issue Fan 30 Among them, a counter-current flow zone is set in a reactor placed vertically below the cooling zone to feed the cooled material from the cooling zone to the lotus, and The material flows through the countercurrent flow of air, so that: what is needed. The material passes through the flow area and is collected at the bottom of the area. At the same time, the residual material is removed at a position away from it for collection. 16. The plasma reactor as claimed in item 15 of the patent application, wherein the countercurrent flow zone is a conical section, and the countercurrent flow of air is guided upward from one of the conical sections to one of the inlets Value outlet 17. The plasma reactor as claimed in item 16 of the patent application, wherein the angle of the cone is in the range of approximately 0 ° to approximately 40 °. 18. The plasma as claimed in item 17 of the patent application Apparatus, wherein the entrance angle of the air into the conical section is about 15 β. 19. The plasma skull reactor as claimed in item 16 of the patent application, wherein the midpoint of the entrance is placed at about 1/4 The height of the tapered section made by the bottom edge of the tapered section. 20. The plasma reactor according to item 16 of the patent application, in which the wall section at the angle of angle, the circumferential interconnection of the cold area and the cone Area, the wall is at an angle of approximately 35 ° to 60 ° with respect to the horizontal top edge of the tapered section (炝 先 闻 ii the precautions on the back of the page and then fill this page) • 5 · • Play… -.φ.-This paper string scale is applicable to China National Standard 3 (CNS) Grade A (210x297 Gongfa Factory 41